High-definition lighting endoscopic equipment for minimally invasive surgery in orthopedics department

Abstract

The invention discloses high-definition illumination endoscopic equipment for minimally invasive surgery in the orthopedics department, and relates to the technical field of medical surgery, the high-definition illumination endoscopic equipment comprises a main control processing unit, a flexible operation catheter and an instant locking and fixing device, and the upper end and the lower end of the main control processing unit are connected with a high-definition display and an anti-skid grip; an instant locking and fixing device and a butt joint groove with a positioning clamping tenon are arranged in the front-end instrument installation cabin, an electrode connector at the rear end of the flexible operation catheter is inserted into the butt joint groove in the cabin in a matched mode, and an interface pivot is connected with the equipment interface end in a clamped mode. An electric angle fine adjustment mechanism is integrated at the front end, a corrugated sleeve and a bearing are arranged between the electric angle fine adjustment mechanism and the endoscope body, and the instantaneous locking and fixing device can be pressed for locking and reset for unlocking; an optical objective lens and a projection illuminating lamp are arranged at the front end of an endoscope body, a signal transmission cable penetrates through a fine adjustment mechanism to be connected with an electrode connector, the electric angle fine adjustment mechanism drives the endoscope body to be accurately adjusted through a metal supporting sleeve, a double-micro-motor driving fluted disc, a lead screw and a linkage fluted disc, and the requirements for high-definition imaging and flexible operation of minimally invasive surgery are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical surgical technology, specifically to a high-definition illumination endoscope for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of medical technology, minimally invasive orthopedic surgery has been widely applied in clinical settings such as fracture reduction, joint repair, and vertebral fusion due to its advantages of minimal trauma and rapid postoperative recovery. In minimally invasive orthopedic surgery, high-definition illumination endoscopes are core auxiliary instruments. These instruments need to penetrate deep into confined surgical spaces such as joint cavities and intervertebral spaces, providing medical staff with a real-time view of the lesion area through high-definition imaging and precise illumination. This ensures the accuracy of surgical procedures (such as screw implantation and cartilage repair). Therefore, the "minimally invasive space adaptability" and "operational flexibility" of the equipment become key factors affecting surgical outcomes.

[0003] Currently, existing endoscopic devices for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery have basic high-definition imaging and illumination functions. They typically include a main control processing unit, a flexible operating catheter, and an endoscope body. The endoscope body is inserted into the surgical area through the flexible operating catheter, and the imaging signal is processed and displayed by the main control unit. However, in clinical applications, existing equipment has significant shortcomings in its "adaptability to angle adjustment in confined spaces" for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery. Due to the complex structure and limited space of orthopedic surgical spaces (such as the knee joint cavity and lumbar intervertebral space), the endoscopic angle adjustment structure of existing equipment mostly uses rigid metal transmission components, which have a single adjustment dimension (only supporting vertical or horizontal adjustment). Moreover, in confined spaces, the excessive rigidity of the structure can easily cause rotational jamming. For example, when observing the fracture line on the side of the lumbar vertebral body, existing equipment cannot cover the lesion field of view by finely adjusting the endoscopic angle. Medical staff need to manually move the entire flexible operating catheter and even adjust the patient's position, which not only increases the operation time but may also cause secondary damage due to the catheter touching surrounding nerves and blood vessels. At the same time, the low precision of manual adjustment makes it difficult to accurately focus on subtle lesions (such as cartilage cracks), affecting surgical judgment and operation accuracy. In severe cases, it may lead to poor surgical results or postoperative complications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-definition illumination endoscope for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery, in order to solve the problems of existing endoscopes for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery, which have limited adjustment range of endoscope angle, are prone to jamming, require moving equipment or adjusting the patient's position, resulting in inconvenience and the risk of secondary injury.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-definition illumination endoscope for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery, comprising a main control processing unit, a flexible operating catheter, and an instantaneous locking and fixation device. The main control processing unit has a high-definition display and a non-slip grip fixedly connected to its upper and lower surfaces, respectively. The instrument installation compartment is fixedly connected to the front end of the main control processing unit. The instrument installation compartment has instantaneous locking devices installed at both ends. The flexible operating catheter is movably inserted inside the instrument installation compartment. The front end of the flexible operating catheter integrates an electric angle fine-tuning mechanism and a miniature imaging probe assembly. The endoscope body is installed inside the miniature imaging probe assembly. A corrugated sleeve and a bearing are provided at the connection between the front end surface of the flexible operating catheter and the endoscope body. Through the flexible deformation of the corrugated sleeve and the rotation of the bearing, the endoscope body can be adjusted at multiple angles and adapted to the space in the narrow space of orthopedic minimally invasive surgery.

[0006] Preferably, a docking groove is formed in the center of the bottom surface inside the instrument installation compartment, and positioning tenons are provided around the groove opening, which are fixed perpendicularly to the inner wall of the docking groove; an equipment interface end is formed in the center of the front surface of the main control processing unit, and the equipment interface end is coaxial and connected to the docking groove.

[0007] Preferably, the rear end of the flexible operating catheter is fixedly connected to an electrode connector, the electrode connector is coaxially fixed with the flexible operating catheter, and the electrode connector is adapted to be inserted into the docking groove of the instrument installation compartment; the upper and lower surfaces of the electrode connector are respectively provided with limiting grooves, which are respectively adapted to the fitting plates of the instantaneous locking and fixing device; the rear end surface of the electrode connector is connected to an interface hub, the interface hub is coaxially fixed with the electrode connector, and the interface hub is adapted to be inserted into the interface end of the device; the outer end of the interface hub is respectively provided with limiting grooves, and the limiting grooves are respectively engaged with the positioning tenons.

[0008] Preferably, the instantaneous locking and fixing device includes a sealed protective shell inside the instrument installation compartment, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the instrument installation compartment; a mounting plate is provided in the center of the sealed protective shell, with an opening on one side of the mounting plate surface, and a fixing seat is connected to the lower end of the mounting plate surface; a bonding plate is provided at the lower end of the sealed protective shell corresponding to the fixing seat position; a pressing structure and a resetting structure are respectively provided at both ends inside the sealed protective shell, with a pressing cap connected to the upper end of the pressing structure and a resetting cap connected to the upper end of the resetting structure; the two bonding plates are arranged vertically opposite each other inside the instrument installation compartment, and the inner surface of the bonding plates is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0009] Preferably, a guide groove is formed inside the rear end of the fixed seat, and the guide groove is a cylindrical cavity; a supporting platform is provided on the front end surface of the fixed seat, and a guide groove is formed parallel to the surface of the supporting platform. The guide groove is a rectangular groove, and the rear end of the guide groove extends through to the lower end of the guide groove; a push column is slidably provided inside the guide groove, and the outer wall of the push column is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the guide groove.

[0010] Preferably, the extrusion structure comprises a guide rod, a connecting block, a limiting spring, a support plate, and an auxiliary spring. The guide rod is located inside the opening of the mounting plate, with its upper end extending to the upper surface of the instrument mounting compartment and fixedly connected to a pressing cap. The lower end of the guide rod extends to the outer side of the lower end of the opening and is vertically connected to the connecting block. The lower end of the connecting block is fixedly connected to the center of the upper surface of the mounting plate. A limiting plate is provided on the upper surface of the guide rod inside the sealed protective shell. Limiting springs are connected to both sides of the lower surface of the limiting plate, and the lower ends of the limiting springs are vertically connected to both sides of the upper surface of the opening of the mounting plate. An installation groove is formed on the inner surface of the connecting block. A support plate is installed at the lower end of the installation groove. The upper end of the support plate abuts against the surface of the support platform. An auxiliary spring is connected to the center of the inner surface of the support plate, and the other end of the auxiliary spring is vertically fixedly connected to the inner surface of the installation groove.

[0011] Preferably, the reset structure consists of a vertical rod, a conical push block, and a reset spring; the vertical rod is located in the center of the guide tube groove of the fixed base, with the upper end of the vertical rod extending vertically out of the upper surface of the instrument mounting chamber and fixedly connected to the reset cap, and the lower end of the vertical rod extending to the lower end of the guide tube groove; the bottom surface of the vertical rod is connected to the reset spring, and the lower end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the guide tube groove; a conical push block is coaxially fixedly installed on the upper surface of the vertical rod inside the guide tube groove; the front end surface of the push block abuts against the upper surface of the support plate, and the rear end surface of the push block is in close contact with the inclined surface of the lower surface of the conical push block.

[0012] Preferably, the endoscope body is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the miniature imaging probe assembly. An optical objective lens is disposed at the center of the front surface of the endoscope body, and a projection illumination lamp is disposed in a ring array on the outer peripheral surface of the optical objective lens. A cavity is opened inside the rear end of the endoscope body. An inclined drive gear is disposed at the center of the bottom surface of the cavity. An inclined gear is installed on both sides of the inner wall of the cavity. The two inclined gears are symmetrically installed and mesh with the inclined drive gear. A signal transmission cable is fixedly connected to the center of the rear end surface of the endoscope body. The signal transmission cable passes through the electric angle fine adjustment mechanism in a sealed manner and extends to connect to the inside of the electrode connector.

[0013] Preferably, a support sleeve is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the front end of the flexible operating catheter. The support sleeve is made of metal and is coaxially fitted with the flexible operating catheter. The electric angle fine-tuning mechanism includes a connecting cylinder in the center of the support sleeve. The front end of the connecting cylinder passes through the inner ring of the bearing and is fixedly connected to the rear end surface of the endoscope body. A linkage gear plate is fixedly connected to the rear end surface of the connecting cylinder. A connecting rod is fitted in the center of the connecting cylinder. The connecting rod is coaxially set with the connecting cylinder. The front end of the connecting rod extends into the cavity and is coaxially connected to the inclined transmission gear plate. The rear end of the connecting rod extends out of the rear end of the connecting cylinder and is fixedly connected to the linkage gear plate.

[0014] Preferably, the outer end surfaces of the first and second linkage gear disks are respectively engaged with the corresponding lead screws, and one end of each lead screw is fixedly connected to a transmission gear disk; micro motors are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the inner wall of the support sleeve, the micro motors are symmetrically installed and their output ends are respectively fixedly connected to drive gear disks, and the outer ends of the drive gear disks are respectively engaged with the outer ends of the corresponding transmission gear disks.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention achieves rapid radial positioning of the flexible operating catheter and instrument installation compartment through a "docking groove + positioning tenon". Combined with the press-type operation of the instant locking device, axial fixation is completed by simply pressing the pressing cap, which is adapted to the guide rod, the fitting plate and the electrode connector limiting groove. The anti-slip texture enhances friction resistance, and the limiting spring stores the reset force. No complicated tools are required throughout the process, improving assembly efficiency by more than 50%. At the same time, the dual positioning and elastic locking structure ensures that there is no loosening after fixation, effectively avoiding field of vision deviation or operational errors caused by equipment displacement.

[0016] This invention achieves dual-dimensional adjustment of "overall steering + local fine-tuning" through a dual-motor drive system of an electric angle fine-tuning mechanism: one set of motors drives the connecting cylinder to rotate the entire endoscope, reducing friction with the bearings; the other set of motors drives the connecting rod in conjunction with the inclined gear disk transmission to achieve local fine-tuning of the endoscope's front end; at the same time, the corrugated sleeve at the connection between the flexible operating catheter and the endoscope can deform flexibly with adjustment to avoid structural jamming, perfectly adapting to the narrow spaces such as joint spaces and vertebral spaces in orthopedic surgery, meeting the needs of medical staff for high-definition observation of lesions from different directions, and expanding the field of view coverage by 30% compared to existing equipment.

[0017] This invention utilizes a reset cap linkage structure of an instant locking device. Simply pressing the reset cap drives the upright rod and conical push block to push the push column, lifting the support plate and releasing the reset force of the limit spring. This causes the bonding plate to quickly detach from the electrode connector limit groove, achieving one-click unlocking. Subsequently, only the flexible operating catheter needs to be pulled out to complete the disassembly and assembly. The entire process takes less than 10 seconds, which is 80% shorter than the disassembly and assembly time of existing technologies. This significantly improves the efficiency of surgical completion, reduces the patient's intraoperative exposure time, and lowers the risk of infection. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible manipulation catheter structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the instrument installation compartment structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the instantaneous locking and fixing device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion structure of the instantaneous locking and fixing device of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the reset structure of the instantaneous locking and fixing device of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the endoscope body structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the electric angle fine-tuning mechanism of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Main control processing unit; 11. High-definition display; 12. Anti-slip grip; 13. Instrument mounting compartment; 14. Equipment interface end; 15. Positioning latch; 2. Flexible operating catheter; 21. Miniature imaging probe assembly; 211. Endoscope body; 212. Projection illumination lamp; 213. Optical objective lens; 214. Angled gear plate; 215. Angled transmission gear plate; 216. Signal transmission cable; 22. Electrode connector; 23. Interface hub; 3. Corrugated sleeve; 4. Instantaneous locking device; 41. Sealed protective housing; 42. Adhesive plate; 43. Mounting plate; 4 4. Fixed base; 45. Extrusion structure; 46. Reset structure; 47. Press cap; 48. Reset cap; 451. Guide rod; 452. Connecting block; 453. Limiting spring; 454. Support plate; 455. Auxiliary spring; 461. Upright rod; 462. Conical push block; 463. Reset spring; 441. Push column; 5. Bearing; 6. Support sleeve; 7. Electric angle fine adjustment mechanism; 71. Connecting cylinder; 72. Connecting rod; 73. Linkage gear plate one; 74. Linkage gear plate two; 75. Micro motor; 76. Drive gear plate; 77. Lead screw; 78. Transmission gear plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see Figures 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a high-definition illumination endoscope for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery, including a main control processing unit 1, a flexible operating catheter 2 and an instant locking and fixing device 4. The overall structure is adapted to the narrow space of minimally invasive surgery, taking into account both ease of operation and imaging accuracy.

[0022] The main control processing unit 1 has a high-definition display 11 and a non-slip grip 12 fixed at its upper and lower ends, respectively, and the front end is connected to the instrument installation compartment 13. The instrument installation compartment 13 is equipped with an instant locking device 4, and a docking groove with a positioning tenon 15 is opened in the center of its bottom surface. The front end is correspondingly provided with an equipment interface end 14 that is coaxially connected to the docking groove, providing a basis for the stable installation of the flexible operating catheter 2.

[0023] The flexible operating catheter 2 has a coaxial electrode connector 22 fixed at its rear end. The electrode connector 22 is adapted to be inserted into the docking groove of the instrument installation chamber 13, and its rear end is connected to the interface hub 23, which is adapted to be inserted into the equipment interface end 14. The limiting groove of the interface hub 23 and the positioning tenon 15 are engaged one by one, which, together with the instant locking and fixing device 4, realizes quick disassembly and stable fixation. The instant locking and fixing device 4 consists of a compression structure 45 composed of guide rods 451, etc., and a reset structure 46 composed of upright rods 461, etc. The pressing cap 47 and the reset cap 48 control the compression and reset respectively. The anti-slip texture on the inner surface of the bonding plate 42 further improves the fixation stability.

[0024] The flexible operating catheter 2 integrates an electric angle fine-tuning mechanism 7 and a miniature imaging probe assembly 21 at its front end. A corrugated sleeve 3 and a bearing 5 are provided at the connection between its front end and the endoscope body 211. The flexible deformation of the corrugated sleeve 3 and the rotation of the bearing 5 are used to adapt to the narrow space of minimally invasive surgery. The endoscope body 211 inside the miniature imaging probe assembly 21 has an optical objective lens 213 at its front end and an outer ring array projection illumination lamp 212 at its outer periphery. The rear cavity has a slanted transmission gear 215 and a symmetrical slanted gear 214. The signal transmission cable 216 is sealed and passes through the electric angle fine-tuning mechanism 7 and then connects to the electrode connector 22 to realize high-definition imaging and signal transmission.

[0025] The electric angle fine-tuning mechanism 7 relies on a metal support sleeve 6, with a connecting cylinder 71 and a coaxial connecting rod 72 inside. The rear end of the connecting cylinder 71 is connected to a first linkage gear 73, and the rear end of the connecting rod 72 is connected to a second linkage gear 74. Micro motors 75 are symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the support sleeve 6. The output end of the micro motor drives the gear 76 to mesh with the transmission gear 78 at one end of the lead screw 77. The lead screw 77 meshes with the first linkage gear 73 and the second linkage gear 74 respectively, forming a dual-motor drive transmission structure. This enables precise angle adjustment of the endoscope body 211, and meets the overall requirements of orthopedic minimally invasive surgery for high-definition lighting, precise imaging, flexible adjustment, and convenient disassembly and assembly.

[0026] according to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the instrument mounting compartment 13 is fixed to the front end of the main control processing unit 1, serving as the hub for equipment installation and fixation. A docking groove is formed in the center of its inner bottom surface, with positioning latches 15 set around the groove. An equipment interface end 14, coaxial with and connected to the docking groove, is formed in the center of its front surface. Instantaneous locking and fixing devices 4 are symmetrically arranged at both ends inside. The docking groove, positioning latches 15, and equipment interface end 14 provide insertion space for the flexible operating catheter 2 and serve as the mounting base for the instantaneous locking and fixing device 4, enabling stable bearing, positioning, and rapid locking / unlocking of the electrode connector 22, adapting to the precise docking and rapid replacement requirements of instruments in minimally invasive surgery. The electrode connector 22 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the flexible operating catheter 2 and coaxially fixed therewith, connecting the flexible operating catheter and the main control processing unit. The core component is fitted into the docking groove of the instrument installation compartment 13. Limiting grooves are opened in the center of the upper and lower surfaces, which correspond to the fitting plate 42 of the instant locking and fixing device 4. The anti-slip texture on the inner surface of the fitting plate improves the fixing stability. The interface hub 23, which is coaxially fixed to itself, is connected to the center of the rear surface. The interface hub 23 is fitted into the inside of the equipment interface end 14. The limiting grooves around its outer end are engaged with the positioning tenons 15 one by one. Through the "fitting docking groove + limiting groove engagement with positioning tenons + limiting groove fitting with fitting plate", the flexible operating catheter 2 and the instrument installation compartment 13 are quickly and stably connected. At the same time, as a signal transmission relay component, it ensures that the imaging signal of the endoscope body 211 is stably transmitted to the main control processing unit 1 through the signal transmission cable 216.

[0027] according to Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the instantaneous locking and fixing device 4 is the core component for quickly locking and unlocking the flexible operating catheter 2 and the instrument installation chamber 13. It includes a sealed protective shell 41 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the instrument installation chamber 13. The sealed protective shell 41 has a mounting plate 43 with an opening on one side of its interior center. A fixing seat 44 is connected to the lower side of the mounting plate 43. A fitting plate 42 is provided at the lower end of the sealed protective shell 41 corresponding to the fixing seat 44. The two fitting plates 42 are arranged vertically opposite each other inside the instrument installation chamber 13 and have anti-slip textures on their inner surfaces. The sealed protective shell 41 also has compression structures 45 at both ends. The upper end of the resetting structure 46 extends from the surface of the instrument mounting chamber 13 and connects to the pressing cap 47; the upper end of the resetting structure 46 extends from the surface of the instrument mounting chamber 13 and connects to the resetting cap 48; the rear end of the fixed seat 44 has a cylindrical cavity guide groove, and the front end has a supporting platform. A rectangular guide groove is opened parallel to the surface of the supporting platform. The rear end of the guide groove extends through to the lower end of the guide groove. A push post 441 is slidably installed inside the guide groove, and the outer wall of the push post 441 is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the guide groove; the guide rod 451 is located inside the opening of the mounting plate 43, and its upper end extends to the upper surface of the instrument mounting chamber 13. The fixed connection pressing cap 47 extends to the outer side of the lower end of the opening and is vertically connected to the connecting block 452. The lower end of the connecting block 452 is fixedly connected to the center of the upper surface of the bonding plate 42. The upper surface of the guide rod 451 inside the sealed protective shell 41 is provided with a limiting plate. Limiting springs 453 are respectively connected to both sides of the lower surface of the limiting plate. The lower ends of the limiting springs 453 are vertically connected to both sides of the upper surface of the opening of the mounting plate 43. The inner surface of the connecting block 452 is provided with a mounting groove. The lower end of the mounting groove is installed with a support plate 454. The upper end of the support plate 454 abuts against the surface of the support platform. An auxiliary spring 4 is connected to the center of the inner surface of the support plate 454. 55, the other end of the auxiliary spring 455 is vertically fixed to the inner surface of the mounting groove; the upright rod 461 is set in the center of the guide tube groove of the fixed seat 44, the upper end extends vertically out of the upper surface of the instrument mounting chamber 13 and is fixedly connected to the reset cap 48, the lower end extends to the lower end of the guide tube groove and the bottom surface is connected to the reset spring 463, the lower end of the reset spring 463 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the guide tube groove, the upper surface of the upright rod 461 inside the guide tube groove is coaxially fixedly installed with a conical push block 462, the front end surface of the push column 441 abuts against the upper surface of the support plate 454, the rear end surface is in close contact with the inclined surface of the lower surface of the conical push block 462;During use, pressing the pressing cap 47 moves the guide rod 451 downward, which in turn moves the fitting plate 42 closer to the electrode connector 22 via the connecting block 452. With the support of the auxiliary spring 455 and the support plate 454, the fitting plate 42 and the electrode connector 22 are fitted and locked together in the limiting groove. The anti-slip texture enhances the stability of the fixation. Pressing the reset cap 48 moves the upright rod 461 and the conical push block 462 downward. The conical push block 462 pushes the push column 441 forward, lifting the support plate 454. Combined with the reset force of the limiting spring 453, the fitting plate 42 is reset, unlocking the electrode connector 22. Overall, this meets the needs of rapid instrument assembly / disassembly and stable fixation in minimally invasive surgery.

[0028] according to Figure 7 As shown, the endoscope body 211 is the core imaging component of the high-definition illumination endoscope for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery. It fits tightly against the inner wall of the miniature imaging probe assembly 21. An optical objective lens 213 is set in the center of its front surface, and projection illumination lamps 212 are distributed in a ring array on the outer periphery of the optical objective lens 213, forming an integrated structure of high-definition imaging and multi-angle illumination, which meets the clear field of vision requirements in minimally invasive surgery. A cavity is opened inside the rear end, and a sloping drive gear plate 215 is set in the center of the bottom surface of the cavity. Sloping gear plates 214 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the inner wall of the cavity. Both sloping gear plates 214 mesh with the sloping drive gear plate 215 to form the transmission basis for angle adjustment. A signal transmission cable 216 is fixedly connected to the center of the rear end surface. The signal transmission cable 216 passes through the electric angle adjustment device in a sealed manner. The angle fine-tuning mechanism 7 extends into and connects to the electrode connector 22 to achieve stable transmission of imaging signals. At the same time, the rear end surface of the endoscope body 211 is fixedly connected to the front end of the connecting cylinder 71 of the electric angle fine-tuning mechanism 7. The inclined transmission gear 215 inside is coaxially connected to the front end of the connecting rod 72. Through the dual-motor drive transmission of the electric angle fine-tuning mechanism 7 (the micro motor 75 drives the drive gear 76, transmission gear 78, and lead screw 77, which in turn drives the linkage gear 1 73, linkage gear 2 74, connecting rod 72, and connecting cylinder 71), in conjunction with the corrugated sleeve 3 (flexible deformation) and bearing 5 (rotational engagement) at the connection between the front end of the flexible operating catheter 2 and the endoscope body 211, the angle adjustment of the endoscope body 211 in the narrow space of orthopedic minimally invasive surgery is realized.

[0029] according to Figure 8As shown, the support sleeve 6 fits tightly against the inner wall of the front end of the flexible operating catheter 2 and is coaxially sleeved with the flexible operating catheter 2. The metal material ensures the structural stability during the transmission process. A connecting sleeve 71 is set in the center of the support sleeve 6. The front end of the connecting sleeve 71 passes through the inner ring of the bearing 5 and is fixedly connected to the rear end surface of the endoscope body 211. The rear end surface is fixedly connected to the first linkage gear 73, which can rotate synchronously with the endoscope body 211. A connecting rod 72 is coaxially sleeved in the center of the connecting sleeve 71. The front end of the connecting rod 72 extends to the cavity at the rear end of the endoscope body 211 and is coaxially fixedly connected to the inclined transmission gear 215 at the center of the bottom surface of the cavity. The rear end extends out of the rear end of the connecting sleeve 71 and is fixedly connected to the second linkage gear 74, forming a dual transmission branch of "connecting sleeve-first linkage gear" and "connecting rod-second linkage gear".

[0030] The drive transmission consists of a micro motor 75, a drive gear 76, a lead screw 77, and a transmission gear 78: the micro motor 75 is symmetrically installed at both ends of the inner wall of the support sleeve 6, and the output ends of the micro motor 75 are fixedly connected to the drive gear 76; the outer surfaces of the linkage gear 73 and the linkage gear 74 are respectively engaged with the corresponding lead screw 77, and one end of each lead screw 77 is fixedly connected to the transmission gear 78, and the outer ends of the drive gear 76 are respectively engaged with the outer ends of the corresponding transmission gear 78.

[0031] During operation, the symmetrically arranged micro motors 75 can drive the corresponding transmission paths to operate: by driving the linkage gear disk 1 73 to drive the connecting cylinder 71 to rotate, the overall rotation of the endoscope body 211 can be directly adjusted; by driving the linkage gear disk 2 74 to drive the connecting rod 72 to rotate, the inclined plane transmission gear disk 215 and the inclined plane gear disk 214 can mesh and transmit power, realizing local angle fine adjustment of the endoscope body 211; combined with the flexible deformation of the corrugated sleeve 3 at the connection between the front end of the flexible operating catheter 2 and the endoscope body 211, and the rotational adaptation of the bearing 5, the endoscope body 211 can finally achieve multi-dimensional precise angle adjustment in the narrow space of orthopedic minimally invasive surgery, meeting the high-definition observation needs of different fields of vision in the lesion area during surgery.

[0032] The overall effect achieved by the organization is as follows: During the preoperative preparation stage, the electrode connector 22 at the rear end of the flexible manipulation catheter 2 is first aligned with the docking groove of the instrument installation compartment 13 for fitting and insertion. Simultaneously, the interface hub 23 at the rear end of the electrode connector 22 is inserted into the device interface end 14 at the front end of the main control processing unit 1. At this time, the limiting grooves around the outer end of the interface hub 23 correspond one-to-one with the positioning latches 15 around the opening of the docking groove, achieving initial radial positioning of the flexible manipulation catheter 2 and the instrument installation compartment 13. Then, the pressing cap 47 of the instantaneous locking device 4 is pressed, causing the guide rod 451 in the compression structure 45 to move downwards along the opening of the mounting plate 43. The connecting block 452 at the lower end of the guide rod 451 simultaneously drives the bonding plate 42 to move closer to the electrode connector 22. At the same time, the support plate 454 in the mounting groove inside the connecting block 452 abuts against the support ladder surface of the fixed seat 44 under the support of the auxiliary spring 455, ensuring that the bonding plate 42 stably fits the limiting grooves on the upper and lower surfaces of the electrode connector 22. The anti-slip texture on the inner surface of the bonding plate 42 further enhances the friction. The limiting spring 453 on the lower surface of the limiting plate at the upper end of the guide rod 451 is compressed, which reserves the reset force for subsequent unlocking. Thus, the assembly and fixation of the equipment are completed, and the device enters the surgical ready state.

[0033] After the surgery is initiated, the device is powered on, and the endoscope body 211 within the miniature imaging probe assembly 21 begins to operate. The projection illumination lamps 212 of the ring array on the outer surface of the optical objective lens 213 emit uniform light, illuminating the narrow operating area of ​​the minimally invasive orthopedic surgery. The optical objective lens 213 simultaneously captures image information of the lesion area. The image signal is transmitted through the signal transmission cable 216 fixed in the center of the rear surface of the endoscope body 211. The signal transmission cable 216 passes through the electric angle fine-tuning mechanism 7 in a sealed manner and is finally transmitted to the electrode connector 22. Then, through the interface hub 23 and the device interface terminal 14, it is transmitted to the main control processing unit 1. The main control processing unit 1... After signal processing, high-definition images are displayed on the high-definition monitor 11 at the top, allowing medical staff to observe the lesion in real time. During the procedure, when the angle of the endoscope 211 needs to be adjusted according to the lesion observation requirements, the drive system of the electric angle fine-tuning mechanism 7 is activated: the micro motors 75 symmetrically installed at both ends of the inner wall of the support sleeve 6 are energized, and the output of the micro motors 75 drives the drive gear 76 to rotate. The drive gear 76 meshes with the transmission gear 78 at one end of the lead screw 77, thereby driving the lead screw 77 to rotate. If it is necessary to adjust the overall rotation of the endoscope 211, one set of micro motors 75 drives the corresponding lead screw 77 to rotate, and the lead screw 77 and the linkage gear 78... 73 engages, driving the linkage gear 73 and its fixed connecting cylinder 71 to rotate. The front end of the connecting cylinder 71 passes through the inner ring of the bearing 5 and is fixedly connected to the rear end surface of the endoscope body 211. Therefore, the rotation of the connecting cylinder 71 directly drives the endoscope body 211 to rotate as a whole. At the same time, the rotation of the bearing 5 reduces the friction between the connecting cylinder 71 and the front end of the flexible operating guide 2, ensuring smooth steering adjustment. If it is necessary to adjust the local angle of the endoscope body 211, another set of micro motors 75 drives the corresponding lead screw 77 to rotate. The lead screw 77 engages with the linkage gear 74, driving the linkage gear 74 and its fixed connecting rod 72 to rotate. The front end of the connecting rod 72 extends to... The cavity at the rear end of the endoscope body 211 is coaxially fixed with the inclined drive gear 215. Therefore, the rotation of the connecting rod 72 drives the inclined drive gear 215 to rotate. The inclined drive gear 215 meshes with the inclined gear 214 symmetrically installed on both sides of the cavity wall. Through the meshing action of the inclined gear 214, the local angle of the endoscope body 211 can be finely adjusted. The corrugated sleeve 3 at the connection between the front end of the flexible operating catheter 2 and the endoscope body 211 can deform flexibly with the angle adjustment to avoid structural jamming. This ensures that the endoscope body 211 can achieve multi-dimensional angle adaptation in the narrow space of minimally invasive surgery to meet the needs of different lesion observation angles.

[0034] After the surgery, when it is necessary to unlock and disassemble the flexible operating catheter 2, press the reset cap 48 of the instantaneous locking device 4, which will cause the upright 461 in the reset structure 46 to move down along the guide groove of the fixed seat 44. The reset spring 463 at the bottom of the upright 461 will be compressed. At the same time, the conical push block 462 on the upper surface of the upright 461 will move down synchronously. The inclined surface of the conical push block 462 will push the push column 441 in the guide groove to slide forward along the guide groove. The front end of the push column 441 will abut against the upper surface of the support plate 454, causing the support plate 454 to move upward. The support plate 454 will detach from the surface of the support ladder. At this time, the compressed limit spring 453 in the squeezing structure 45 will release its elasticity, causing the guide rod 451 to reset upward. The connecting block 452 will simultaneously drive the bonding plate 42 to detach from the limit groove of the electrode connector 22, releasing the fixation of the electrode connector 22. Then, the flexible operating catheter 2 will be pulled outward, causing the interface hub 23 to detach from the equipment interface end 14 and the electrode connector 22 to detach from the docking groove, completing the unlocking and disassembly of the equipment.

[0035] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-definition illumination endoscope for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery, comprising a main control processing unit (1), a flexible operating catheter (2), and an instantaneous locking and fixing device (4), characterized in that: The main control processing unit (1) has a high-definition display (11) and a non-slip grip (12) fixedly connected to its upper and lower ends respectively. The main control processing unit (1) has an instrument installation compartment (13) fixedly connected to its front end. The instrument installation compartment (13) has an instantaneous locking device (4) set at both ends. The flexible operating catheter (2) is inserted into the instrument installation compartment (13). The flexible operating catheter (2) has an electric angle fine adjustment mechanism (7) and a miniature imaging probe assembly (21) integrated at its front end. The endoscope body (211) is installed inside the miniature imaging probe assembly (21). A corrugated sleeve (3) and a bearing (5) are provided at the connection between the front end surface of the flexible operating catheter (2) and the endoscope body (211). Through the flexible deformation of the corrugated sleeve (3) and the rotation of the bearing (5), the endoscope body (211) can be adjusted at multiple angles and adapted to space in the narrow space of orthopedic minimally invasive surgery.

2. The high-definition illumination endoscope for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The instrument installation compartment (13) has a docking groove in the center of the bottom surface. Positioning tenons (15) are set around the groove opening. The positioning tenons (15) are fixed vertically to the inner wall of the docking groove. The main control processing unit (1) has an equipment interface end (14) in the center of the front surface. The equipment interface end (14) is coaxial with and connected to the docking groove.

3. The high-definition illumination endoscope for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flexible operating catheter (2) is fixedly connected to the electrode connector (22) at its rear end. The electrode connector (22) is coaxially fixed with the flexible operating catheter (2), and the electrode connector (22) is adapted to be inserted into the docking groove of the instrument installation chamber (13). The electrode connector (22) has a limiting groove in the center of its upper and lower surfaces, and the limiting groove is adapted to the fitting plate (42) of the instantaneous locking device (4). The electrode connector (22) is connected to the interface hub (23) in the center of its rear surface. The interface hub (23) is coaxially fixed with the electrode connector (22), and the interface hub (23) is adapted to be inserted into the equipment interface end (14). The interface hub (23) has a limiting groove in the circumference of its outer end, and the limiting groove is engaged with the positioning tenon (15) one by one.

4. The high-definition illumination endoscope for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The instantaneous locking and fixing device (4) includes a sealed protective shell (41) inside the instrument installation chamber (13), which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the instrument installation chamber (13); an installation plate (43) is provided in the center inside the sealed protective shell (41), with an opening on one side of the surface of the installation plate (43), and a fixing seat (44) is connected to one side of the lower end of the installation plate (43); a bonding plate (42) is provided at the lower end of the sealed protective shell (41) corresponding to the position of the fixing seat (44); a squeezing structure (45) and a reset structure (46) are respectively provided at both ends inside the sealed protective shell (41), with a pressing cap (47) connected to the upper end of the squeezing structure (45) and a reset cap (48) connected to the upper end of the reset structure (46); the two bonding plates (42) are arranged opposite each other inside the instrument installation chamber (13), and the inner surface of the bonding plate (42) is provided with anti-slip texture.

5. A high-definition illumination endoscope for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed seat (44) has a guide tube groove inside its rear end, which is a cylindrical cavity; a support ladder is provided on the front end surface of the fixed seat (44), and a guide groove is provided parallel to the support ladder surface. The guide groove is a rectangular groove, and the rear end of the guide groove extends through to the lower end of the guide tube groove; a push column (441) is slidably provided inside the guide groove, and the outer wall of the push column (441) is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the guide groove.

6. A high-definition illumination endoscope for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The extrusion structure (45) consists of a guide rod (451), a connecting block (452), a limiting spring (453), a support plate (454), and an auxiliary spring (455); the guide rod (451) is located inside the opening of the mounting plate (43), the upper end of the guide rod (451) extends to the upper surface of the instrument mounting chamber (13) and is fixedly connected to the pressing cap (47), the lower end of the guide rod (451) extends to the outer side of the lower end of the opening and is vertically connected to the connecting block (452), and the lower end of the connecting block (452) is fixedly connected to the center of the upper surface of the bonding plate (42); the sealed protective shell (41) A limiting plate is provided on the upper surface of the guide rod (451) inside. Limiting springs (453) are connected to both sides of the lower surface of the limiting plate. The lower ends of the limiting springs (453) are vertically connected to both sides of the upper surface of the opening of the mounting plate (43). The inner surface of the connecting block (452) is provided with a mounting groove. A support plate (454) is installed at the lower end of the mounting groove. The upper end of the support plate (454) abuts against the surface of the support platform. An auxiliary spring (455) is connected to the center of the inner surface of the support plate (454). The other end of the auxiliary spring (455) is vertically fixed to the inner surface of the mounting groove.

7. A high-definition illumination endoscope for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reset structure (46) consists of a vertical rod (461), a conical push block (462), and a reset spring (463). The vertical rod (461) is located in the center of the guide tube groove of the fixed base (44). The upper end of the vertical rod (461) extends vertically out of the upper surface of the instrument installation chamber (13) and is fixedly connected to the reset cap (48). The lower end of the vertical rod (461) extends to the lower end of the guide tube groove. The bottom surface of the vertical rod (461) is connected to the reset spring (463), and the lower end of the reset spring (463) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the guide tube groove. The upper surface of the vertical rod (461) inside the guide tube groove is coaxially fixedly installed with the conical push block (462). The front end surface of the push column (441) abuts against the upper surface of the support plate (454), and the rear end surface of the push column (441) is tightly fitted with the inclined surface of the lower surface of the conical push block (462).

8. A high-definition illumination endoscope for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The endoscope body (211) is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the miniature imaging probe assembly (21). An optical objective lens (213) is provided at the center of the front end surface of the endoscope body (211), and a projection illumination lamp (212) is provided in a ring array on the outer periphery of the optical objective lens (213). A cavity is opened inside the rear end of the endoscope body (211), and a sloping drive gear plate (215) is provided at the center of the bottom surface of the cavity. Sloping gear plates (214) are installed on both sides of the inner wall of the cavity. The two sloping gear plates (214) are symmetrically installed and mesh with the sloping drive gear plate (215) for transmission. A signal transmission cable (216) is fixedly connected to the center of the rear end surface of the endoscope body (211). The signal transmission cable (216) passes through the electric angle fine adjustment mechanism (7) in a sealed manner and extends to be connected to the inside of the electrode connector (22).

9. A high-definition illumination endoscope for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The flexible operating catheter (2) has a support sleeve (6) tightly fitted to the inner wall of its front end. The support sleeve (6) is made of metal and is coaxially fitted with the flexible operating catheter (2). The electric angle fine adjustment mechanism (7) includes a connecting cylinder (71) in the center of the support sleeve (6). The front end of the connecting cylinder (71) passes through the inner ring of the bearing (5) and is fixedly connected to the rear end surface of the endoscope body (211). The rear end surface of the connecting cylinder (71) is fixedly connected to the first linkage gear plate (73). A connecting rod (72) is fitted in the center of the connecting cylinder (71). The connecting rod (72) is coaxially set with the connecting cylinder (71). The front end of the connecting rod (72) extends into the cavity and is coaxially connected to the inclined transmission gear plate (215). The rear end of the connecting rod (72) extends out of the rear end of the connecting cylinder (71) and is fixedly connected to the second linkage gear plate (74).

10. A high-definition illumination endoscope for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery according to claim 9, characterized in that: The outer surfaces of the first linkage gear disk (73) and the second linkage gear disk (74) are respectively engaged with the corresponding lead screw (77), and one end of the lead screw (77) is fixedly connected to the transmission gear disk (78); the upper and lower ends of the inner wall of the support sleeve (6) are respectively equipped with micro motors (75), the micro motors (75) are symmetrically installed and the output ends are respectively fixedly connected to the drive gear disk (76), and the outer ends of the drive gear disk (76) are respectively engaged with the outer ends of the corresponding transmission gear disk (78).

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