Power transmission line fault positioning method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a power transmission line fault positioning method and system, and relates to the technical field of power transmission lines. The method comprises the following steps: dividing a power transmission line into a plurality of logic sections, and setting a basic logic rule; performing coarse-grained threshold judgment and fine-grained logic check on the real-time monitoring parameters of each logic section, and screening out candidate fault logic sections; establishing a node logic link, detecting a breakpoint node of the node logic link, comparing the breakpoint node in a previous time period and a later time period, judging whether the breakpoint node is a persistent fault or not, and obtaining a breakpoint judgment result; performing logic consistency check on breakpoint judgment results of different monitoring points and different parameter types, and when conflicts occur, making decisions according to priorities to generate a unified judgment result; and synthesizing the candidate fault logic sections and the unified judgment result to generate a final fault positioning result of the power transmission line. According to the invention, high-precision, reliable and intelligent positioning of power transmission line faults is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power transmission line technology, and in particular to a method and system for locating faults in power transmission lines. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous expansion of power systems and the increasing complexity of transmission line structures, the safe operation of transmission lines has a significant impact on the stability of power systems and the reliability of power supply. During operation, transmission lines may experience faults due to natural disasters, equipment aging, line short circuits, or external interference, leading to partial or complete line outages. To ensure system reliability, accurately and quickly locating line faults has become a crucial aspect of transmission system operation and maintenance.

[0003] In related technologies, traditional transmission line fault location methods usually rely on a single parameter or a single monitoring node for judgment, which cannot effectively distinguish between transient disturbances and continuous faults, and are prone to false alarms or missed alarms. At the same time, it is difficult to identify continuous faults across adjacent sections, and cannot accurately reflect the actual fault range and severity, which seriously affects the accuracy, reliability and operability of fault location. It is difficult to meet the requirements of modern power systems for real-time and intelligent operation and maintenance, and there is room for improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for locating faults in power transmission lines, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] Firstly, this application provides a method for locating faults in transmission lines, which adopts the following technical solution: The transmission line is divided into multiple logical segments according to its topology, a line-of-sight logical unit is generated for each logical segment, and basic logical rules are set for each line-of-sight logical unit. Coarse-grained threshold determination is performed on the real-time monitoring parameters of each logic segment to eliminate all normal logic segments, and fine-grained logic checks are performed on the remaining suspected logic segments to screen out candidate faulty logic segments. Establish a node logic link within the candidate fault logic segment. Based on the basic logic rules, detect the breakpoint nodes of the node logic link. Compare the breakpoint nodes before and after the time period to determine whether the breakpoint node is a continuous fault and obtain the breakpoint determination result. Logical consistency checks are performed on the breakpoint judgment results for different monitoring points and different parameter types. When conflicts occur, decisions are made according to priority to generate a unified judgment result. By combining the candidate fault logic segments and the unified judgment results, the final fault location result of the transmission line is generated.

[0006] Preferably, the steps of dividing the transmission line into multiple logical segments according to its topology, generating a line-of-sight logical unit for each logical segment, and setting basic logical rules for each line-of-sight logical unit are as follows: Obtain the topology information of the transmission line and divide the transmission line into several logical segments according to the physical connection relationship of the transmission line; Within each logical segment, all monitoring nodes and their physical connection order are identified to form a logical segment unit. The logical segment unit is then abstracted into a line-of-sight logical unit, which includes a set of node parameters, a physical sequence chain between nodes, and a node running status marker. Set basic logic rules for the line-of-sight logic unit, including current threshold rules, voltage threshold rules, state consistency rules, and priority rules.

[0007] Preferably, the steps of performing coarse-grained threshold determination on the real-time monitoring parameters of each logic segment, eliminating all normal logic segments, and performing fine-grained logic checks on the remaining suspected logic segments to screen out candidate faulty logic segments are as follows: Obtain real-time monitoring parameters for each logic segment, including current amplitude, voltage amplitude, and status variables; The real-time monitoring parameters are compared with the preset coarse-grained threshold. If all real-time monitoring parameters are within the normal threshold range, the logical segment is determined to be a normal logical segment and is removed. Logical segments that fail the coarse-grained threshold judgment are marked as suspected logical segments, and fine-grained logic checks are performed to screen out candidate faulty logical segments.

[0008] Preferably, the steps of marking logic segments that fail the coarse-grained threshold judgment as suspected logic segments and performing fine-grained logic checks to screen out candidate faulty logic segments are as follows: Logical segments that fail the coarse-grained threshold judgment are marked as suspected logical segments, and fine-grained logic checks are performed within the suspected logical segments. Compare the current amplitude differences between adjacent nodes within the suspected logic segment. If the current amplitude difference exceeds a preset current difference threshold, the current anomaly condition is met. The voltage amplitude drop and duration of the drop are detected within the suspected logic segment. If the drop exceeds a preset drop amplitude threshold or the duration of the drop exceeds a preset time threshold, then the voltage anomaly condition is met. Compare the node status within the suspected logical segment with the operating status pattern of the transmission line. If the node status within the suspected logical segment does not match the operating status pattern of the transmission line, then the abnormal status condition is met. When the suspected logic segment meets any abnormal condition in the fine-grained logic check, the logic segment is marked as a candidate faulty logic segment.

[0009] Preferably, the steps of establishing a node logical link within the candidate fault logical segment, detecting breakpoint nodes in the node logical link according to the basic logical rules, comparing the breakpoint nodes before and after the time period, determining whether the breakpoint node is a persistent fault, and obtaining the breakpoint determination result are as follows: Within the candidate fault logic segment, node logical links are established according to the physical connection order of the nodes; Based on the basic logic rules, the node logic links are traversed, and each adjacent node is checked to see if it satisfies the basic logic rules. When a node does not satisfy the basic logic rules with its preceding and following adjacent nodes, the node is marked as a breakpoint node. By comparing the time periods before and after the breakpoint, it is determined whether the breakpoint is a persistent fault, and the breakpoint determination result is obtained.

[0010] Preferably, the step of comparing the breakpoint node with the time periods before and after it to determine whether the breakpoint node is a persistent fault, and obtaining the breakpoint determination result, is as follows: For breakpoint nodes, extract monitoring parameters from multiple consecutive time periods before and after the determination time of the breakpoint node, and use a sliding window mechanism to compare the time periods before and after the breakpoint node; If the abnormal monitoring parameter appears and recovers only within a short period of time, the breakpoint node is determined to be a transient disturbance. If the abnormal monitoring parameter persists and does not recover, the breakpoint node is determined to be a persistent fault, and a breakpoint determination result is generated, which includes the corresponding logical link information.

[0011] Preferably, the steps for performing a logical consistency check on the breakpoint determination results for different monitoring points and different parameter types, and generating a unified determination result by prioritizing decisions when conflicts occur, are as follows: Obtain breakpoint determination results from different monitoring points and different parameter types, perform a logical consistency check on the breakpoint determination results, and if there is a determination conflict among the breakpoint determination results, proceed to the priority decision-making stage. Based on the corresponding logical link information, calculate the coverage of each breakpoint judgment result in the overall breakpoint logical link, and prioritize the breakpoint judgment result with the highest logical consistency coverage. When the logical consistency coverage is the same, count the number of times each breakpoint judgment result appears within a preset time window, and select the breakpoint judgment result with the most occurrences. The breakpoint determination results after priority decision are uniformly output as a set of candidate fault points, generating a unified determination result.

[0012] Preferably, the step of generating the final fault location result of the transmission line by comprehensively considering the candidate fault logic segments and the unified judgment result is as follows: Extract candidate fault logic segments and unified judgment results, and perform fusion mapping between the candidate fault logic segments and the set of candidate fault points in the unified judgment results; When a candidate fault point falls within a candidate fault logic segment, that candidate fault logic segment is given priority marking. When multiple candidate fault points correspond to the same candidate fault logic segment, the fault confidence of that candidate fault logic segment is increased. When the candidate fault points are distributed in adjacent candidate fault logic segments, the adjacent candidate fault logic segments are merged to form an extended candidate fault logic segment. Based on the fault confidence level, the candidate fault logic segment with the highest confidence level is selected to generate the final fault location result of the transmission line.

[0013] Secondly, the power transmission line fault location system provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A power transmission line fault location system, comprising: The logical segment module divides the transmission line into multiple logical segments according to the topology, generates a line-of-sight logical unit for each logical segment, and sets basic logical rules for each line-of-sight logical unit. The candidate fault module performs coarse-grained threshold determination on the real-time monitoring parameters of each logical segment, eliminates all normal logical segments, and performs fine-grained logic checks on the remaining suspected logical segments to screen out candidate faulty logical segments. The node link module establishes a node logical link within the candidate fault logical segment, detects the breakpoint node of the node logical link according to the basic logical rules, compares the breakpoint node before and after the time period, determines whether the breakpoint node is a continuous fault, and obtains the breakpoint determination result. The consistency check module performs logical consistency checks on the breakpoint judgment results of different monitoring points and different parameter types. When conflicts occur, decisions are made according to priority to generate a unified judgment result. The fault location module integrates candidate fault logic segments and unified judgment results to generate the final fault location result for the transmission line.

[0014] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By topologically partitioning the transmission line, the entire line is decomposed into multiple logical segments, allowing for segment-by-segment management and analysis of the complex line structure. Each logical segment generates a corresponding line-of-sight logical unit and sets basic logical rules, structuring and modularizing the multi-dimensional information of the line status, significantly reducing complexity and improving the accuracy and operability of fault location. Coarse-grained threshold judgment can quickly exclude normally operating segments, thus focusing on analyzing abnormal segments and improving computational efficiency. Fine-grained logical checks on remaining suspected segments allow for in-depth analysis of abnormal patterns, filtering out candidate logical segments with potential faults, achieving high efficiency and scalability in fault analysis, and avoiding comprehensive point-by-point calculations of the entire line. By establishing node logical links within candidate segments, detecting breakpoints in the links can accurately locate potential fault locations. Comparison between different time periods can distinguish between transient disturbances and persistent faults, enhancing the reliability of fault determination, ensuring not only high accuracy in fault location but also effective avoidance of false alarms and missed alarms, and improving the system's intelligent judgment capability. In actual monitoring, conflicting judgments may occur between different nodes and parameters. Logical consistency checks can identify and analyze the sources of these conflicts, while a priority decision-making mechanism can scientifically resolve them, generating unified judgment results and ensuring the overall consistency and reliability of fault determination. By combining candidate fault sections with unified judgment results, and considering the overall consistency of logical links and breakpoint determinations, a final fault location result is formed. This ensures the accuracy, completeness, and operability of the final fault location result, achieving comprehensive analysis from the section level to the node level, and providing a scientific basis for the operation, maintenance, and early warning of transmission lines.

[0015] 2. By establishing logical links based on the physical connection order of nodes, monitoring nodes within candidate fault sections are connected in series according to the actual line topology, providing a structured data framework for subsequent breakpoint detection and ensuring the spatial and logical continuity of fault analysis. By traversing the node logical links and comparing them with basic logical rules, it is possible to detect any abnormal associations between each node and its adjacent nodes, identifying anomalies in the logical relationships between nodes and providing a basis for identifying potential breakpoints. Marking nodes in the logical links that do not meet the rules as breakpoint nodes allows for precise location of line anomalies to specific nodes, achieving refined analysis from the section level to the node level, improving the spatial accuracy and reliability of fault location analysis. By comparing before and after time periods, transient anomalies and persistent faults can be distinguished, ensuring that only truly existing fault nodes are included in the breakpoint determination results, improving the accuracy and reliability of the determination, and avoiding false alarms due to transient fluctuations or monitoring noise. This provides reliable node-level determination results for subsequent logical consistency checks and final fault location.

[0016] 3. By fusing candidate fault logic segments and candidate fault point information from unified judgment results, fault information at both the segment and node levels can be managed and analyzed in a unified manner. This allows the final fault location to consider both logical segment and node anomaly characteristics, improving location accuracy. Mapping candidate fault points to logical segments and prioritizing them helps highlight the importance of potential fault segments, ensuring that node anomaly information directly affects segment-level fault judgment during fusion analysis. This improves the accuracy and specificity of fault location, ensuring that critical segments are not overlooked. By weighting the occurrence of multiple candidate fault points within the same segment, the fault confidence of the segment can be quantified. Higher fault confidence indicates a greater likelihood of a fault in that segment, improving the reliability and credibility of the final fault location result. Merging candidate fault points distributed in adjacent segments can capture fault modes that may extend across segments, avoiding misjudgments due to breaks caused by manual segment division. This ensures that the fault location result reflects the spatial continuity of the actual fault, improving the completeness and operability of the fault analysis. By selecting the candidate fault logic segment with the highest confidence level, the most likely fault location can be output, achieving the final precise location. This ensures that the fault location results have the highest accuracy and feasibility, providing a reliable basis for the operation and maintenance of transmission lines, and realizing the closed-loop and systematization of fault analysis. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the specific steps of an embodiment of a power transmission line fault location method according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the module connection of an embodiment of a power transmission line fault location system according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following examples and... Figures 1-2 The present invention will be described in further detail, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0020] This invention discloses a method for locating faults in power transmission lines, specifically including the following steps: Step S1: Divide the transmission line into multiple logical segments according to the topology, generate a line-of-sight logical unit for each logical segment, and set basic logical rules for each line-of-sight logical unit. Step S2: Perform coarse-grained threshold determination on the real-time monitoring parameters of each logic segment, eliminate all normal logic segments, and perform fine-grained logic checks on the remaining suspected logic segments to screen out candidate faulty logic segments. Step S3: Establish a node logic link within the candidate fault logic segment. According to the basic logic rules, detect the breakpoint nodes of the node logic link. Compare the breakpoint nodes before and after the time period to determine whether the breakpoint node is a continuous fault and obtain the breakpoint determination result. Step S4: Perform a logical consistency check on the breakpoint judgment results of different monitoring points and different parameter types. When a conflict occurs, make a decision according to priority and generate a unified judgment result. Step S5: Combine the candidate fault logic segments and the unified judgment results to generate the final fault location result of the transmission line.

[0021] In practical applications, by topologically dividing the transmission line, the entire line is decomposed into multiple logical segments, allowing for segment-by-segment management and analysis of the complex line structure. Each logical segment generates a corresponding line-of-sight logical unit and sets basic logical rules, structuring and modularizing the multi-dimensional information of the line status, significantly reducing complexity and improving the accuracy and operability of fault location. Coarse-grained threshold judgment can quickly eliminate normally operating segments, thus focusing on analyzing abnormal segments and improving computational efficiency. Fine-grained logical checks are performed on the remaining suspected segments to deeply analyze abnormal patterns and filter out candidate logical segments with potential faults, ensuring analysis accuracy while achieving high efficiency and scalability in fault analysis, avoiding comprehensive point-by-point calculations of the entire line. By establishing node logical links within candidate segments, the parameters of each monitoring node in the line are connected according to logical relationships, facilitating the analysis of state transmission and anomaly correlations between nodes. Detecting breakpoints in the links can accurately locate potential fault locations. Comparing time periods before and after faults distinguishes between transient disturbances and persistent faults, enhancing the reliability of fault diagnosis. This ensures high accuracy in fault location and effectively avoids false alarms and missed alarms, improving the system's intelligent judgment capabilities. In actual monitoring, conflicting judgments may occur between different nodes and parameters. Logical consistency checks can identify and analyze the sources of conflict, and a priority decision-making mechanism can scientifically resolve conflicts, generating unified judgment results. This ensures the overall consistency and reliability of fault diagnosis, fully utilizing the comprehensive value of information from each node, making the final judgment more scientific and reasonable. Combining candidate fault sections with unified judgment results, considering the overall consistency of logical links and breakpoint judgments, forms the final fault location result. This ensures the accuracy, completeness, and operability of the final fault location result, achieving comprehensive analysis from the section level to the node level, providing a scientific basis for the operation, maintenance, and early warning of transmission lines.

[0022] The steps of dividing the transmission line into multiple logical segments according to its topology, generating a line-of-sight logical unit for each logical segment, and setting basic logical rules for each line-of-sight logical unit are as follows: Step S11: Obtain the topology information of the transmission line and divide the transmission line into several logical segments according to the physical connection relationship of the transmission line; Step S12: Identify all monitoring nodes and their physical connection order within each logical segment to form a logical segment unit. Abstract the logical segment unit into a line-of-sight logical unit. The line-of-sight logical unit includes a set of node parameters, a physical sequence chain between nodes, and a node running status marker. Step S13: Set basic logic rules for the line-of-sight logic unit. The rules include current threshold rules, voltage threshold rules, state consistency rules, and priority rules.

[0023] In practical applications, acquiring line topology information and dividing the line into logical segments based on physical connections helps decompose complex line systems into manageable and analyzable modular units, reducing analytical complexity and improving the systematization and operability of fault location methods. Identifying monitoring nodes and their order within logical segments systematizes and structures the node information of each segment, allowing for sequential logical analysis of each segment's state. Abstracting logical segment units into line-of-sight logical units and establishing node parameter sets, physical sequence chains, and node state markers provides a unified data structure and analysis unit for fault location. This standardizes and modularizes subsequent breakpoint detection, logical link construction, and state determination, improving the accuracy and reliability of fault analysis. Setting basic logical rules provides judgment criteria for line-of-sight logical units, ensuring clear evaluation criteria for each node and the relationships between nodes. Current and voltage threshold rules can detect abnormal node parameters, while state consistency rules guarantee logical continuity of node states. This ensures that subsequent breakpoint detection, logical consistency checks, and fault location can be based on a reliable rule system, achieving scientific, systematic, and traceable fault analysis.

[0024] The steps for performing coarse-grained threshold determination on the real-time monitoring parameters of each logic segment, eliminating all normal logic segments, and performing fine-grained logic checks on the remaining suspected logic segments to screen out candidate faulty logic segments are as follows: Step S21: Obtain the real-time monitoring parameters of each logic segment, including current amplitude, voltage amplitude and status variables; Step S22: Compare the real-time monitoring parameters with the preset coarse-grained threshold. If all real-time monitoring parameters are within the normal threshold range, the logical segment is determined to be a normal logical segment and is removed. Step S23: Mark the logic segments that fail the coarse-grained threshold judgment as suspected logic segments, and perform fine-grained logic checks to screen out candidate faulty logic segments.

[0025] In practical applications, acquiring real-time monitoring parameters for each logical segment, such as current amplitude, voltage amplitude, and status variables, comprehensively reflects the line's operating status, enabling dynamic monitoring of the transmission line's operating status. This provides reliable data support for subsequent coarse-grained and fine-grained analysis, improving the system's real-time performance and accuracy. Coarse-grained threshold judgment quickly distinguishes between normally operating segments and potentially abnormal segments, eliminating normal segments and reducing the computational load of subsequent analysis. While ensuring analysis efficiency, it reduces the possibility of misjudgment, allowing the system to centrally process suspected abnormal segments, improving the processing efficiency and real-time performance of fault location methods. Logical segments that fail the coarse screening are marked as suspected segments, and further fine-grained logic checks enable in-depth analysis of the abnormal patterns and status correlations of each segment. Fine-grained judgment accurately identifies logical segments with genuine potential faults, forming candidate fault logical segments. This provides reliable input for subsequent node breakpoint detection and fault location, improving the accuracy and reliability of fault location while avoiding missed detections caused by overly coarse analysis.

[0026] The steps for marking logic segments that fail the coarse-grained threshold judgment as suspected logic segments and performing fine-grained logic checks to screen out candidate faulty logic segments are as follows: Step S231: Mark the logic segments that fail the coarse-grained threshold judgment as suspected logic segments, and perform fine-grained logic checks within the suspected logic segments; Step S232: Compare the current amplitude differences between adjacent nodes within the suspected logic segment. If the current amplitude difference exceeds a preset current difference threshold, the current anomaly condition is met. Step S233: Detect the decrease in voltage amplitude and the duration of decrease within the suspected logic segment. If the decrease exceeds a preset decrease amplitude threshold or the duration of decrease exceeds a preset time threshold, then the voltage anomaly condition is met. Step S234: Compare the node status within the suspected logical segment with the operating status pattern of the transmission line. If the node status within the suspected logical segment does not match the operating status pattern of the transmission line, then the abnormal status condition is met. Step S235: When the suspected logic segment meets any abnormal condition in the fine-grained logic check, the logic segment is marked as a candidate faulty logic segment.

[0027] In practical applications, logical segments that fail the coarse-grained judgment are marked as suspected segments. Fine-grained logic checks are then performed on these suspected segments to delve deeper into potential anomalies, enabling precise screening of possible faulty segments and ensuring the analysis's relevance and accuracy. By comparing the current amplitude differences between adjacent nodes, potential current anomalies in the line can be detected, such as short circuits, open circuits, or sudden load changes. Exceeding a preset threshold is considered a current anomaly, thus capturing minute current anomalies and enhancing the sensitivity and accuracy of fault location methods. Monitoring changes and continuous drops in voltage amplitude helps identify faults caused by abnormal line voltage or load. By setting amplitude and time thresholds, short-term fluctuations can be distinguished from persistent anomalies, ensuring accurate capture of true faults and effectively improving the ability to identify faults caused by voltage anomalies, thereby increasing the reliability of candidate faulty segments. Logical analysis of node states can detect anomalies in line operating patterns, such as switch states, electrical connectivity, or abnormal protection device operation. By comparing with the line operating pattern, mismatched node states can indicate potential faults, thereby improving the ability to identify complex faults and making the determination of candidate faulty segments more comprehensive and reliable. By marking logical segments that meet any abnormal condition as candidate fault segments, a closed-loop screening process from suspected segments to truly possible fault segments is achieved, ensuring that candidate fault segments contain potential fault nodes, while eliminating segments without abnormalities, thus guaranteeing the accuracy and effectiveness of fault location analysis.

[0028] The steps of establishing a node logical link within the candidate fault logical segment, detecting breakpoint nodes in the node logical link according to the basic logical rules, comparing the breakpoint nodes before and after the time period, determining whether the breakpoint node is a persistent fault, and obtaining the breakpoint determination result are as follows: Step S31: Within the candidate fault logic segment, establish node logical links according to the physical connection order of the nodes. Step S32: According to the basic logic rules, traverse the node logic links and check whether each adjacent node satisfies the basic logic rules. Step S33: When a node does not satisfy the basic logic rules with its preceding and following adjacent nodes, mark the node as a breakpoint node. Step S34: Compare the time periods before and after the breakpoint node to determine whether the breakpoint node is a continuous fault, and obtain the breakpoint determination result.

[0029] In practical applications, logical links are established based on the physical connection order of nodes, connecting each monitoring node within the candidate fault section according to the actual line topology. This provides a structured data framework for subsequent breakpoint detection, ensuring the spatial and logical continuity of fault analysis. By traversing the node logical links and comparing them with basic logical rules, it is possible to detect any abnormal associations between each node and its adjacent nodes, identifying anomalies in the logical relationships between nodes and providing a basis for identifying potential breakpoints. Marking nodes in the logical links that do not meet the rules as breakpoint nodes allows for precise location of line anomalies to specific node positions, achieving refined analysis from the section level to the node level, improving the spatial accuracy and reliability of fault location analysis. By comparing time periods before and after, transient anomalies and persistent faults can be distinguished, ensuring that only truly existing fault nodes are included in the breakpoint determination results. This improves the accuracy and reliability of the determination, avoiding false alarms due to transient fluctuations or monitoring noise, thus providing reliable node-level determination results for subsequent logical consistency checks and final fault location.

[0030] The steps for comparing the breakpoint node before and after the breakpoint to determine whether the breakpoint node is a persistent fault and obtaining the breakpoint determination result are as follows: Step S341: For the breakpoint node, extract the monitoring parameters of the breakpoint node in multiple consecutive time periods before and after the determination time, and use a sliding window mechanism to compare the time periods before and after the breakpoint node. Step S342: If the abnormal monitoring parameter only appears and recovers within a short period of time, the breakpoint node is determined to be a transient disturbance; if the abnormal monitoring parameter persists and does not recover, the breakpoint node is determined to be a persistent fault, and a breakpoint determination result is generated, which includes the corresponding logical link information.

[0031] In practical applications, by extracting monitoring parameters from multiple consecutive time periods before and after the breakpoint node's determination time and comparing them using a sliding window mechanism, the dynamic change patterns of the node's state can be captured. This smooths transient fluctuations, avoids misjudgments caused by single-moment anomalies, and ensures that persistent anomalies can be accurately identified, making fault determination more scientific and stable. By identifying anomalies that appear and recover quickly within a short period, transient disturbances can be distinguished from true faults, reducing false alarms and unnecessary maintenance interventions, enhancing the system's robustness to transient anomalies, making fault location results more accurate, and ensuring the rationality and economy of maintenance decisions. For persistent and unrecoverable anomalies, they are classified as persistent faults, and the breakpoint determination results are bound to logical link information. This allows for precise location of the faulty node and its position in the line, ensuring the accuracy and completeness of fault location. It provides a reliable node-level determination basis for subsequent logical consistency checks and final fault location, improving the scientific nature and operability of the entire fault analysis system.

[0032] The steps for performing logical consistency checks on the breakpoint judgment results for different monitoring points and different parameter types, and generating a unified judgment result by prioritizing decisions when conflicts occur, are as follows: Step S41: Obtain breakpoint determination results from different monitoring points and different parameter types, and perform a logical consistency check on the breakpoint determination results. If there is a determination conflict among the breakpoint determination results, proceed to the priority decision-making stage. Step S42: Based on the corresponding logical link information, calculate the coverage rate of each breakpoint judgment result in the overall breakpoint logical link, and prioritize the breakpoint judgment result with the highest logical consistency coverage. Step S43: When the logical consistency coverage is the same, count the number of times each breakpoint judgment result appears within a preset time window, and select the breakpoint judgment result with the most occurrences. Step S44: Output the breakpoint determination results after priority decision as a unified set of candidate fault points to generate a unified determination result.

[0033] In practical applications, by integrating information from various monitoring points and different parameter types, conflicts or inconsistencies between breakpoint determination results are identified. This prevents erroneous determinations due to anomalies at a single monitoring point or parameter noise, ensuring the system maintains accuracy and scientific rigor in multi-dimensional data environments. By calculating the coverage rate of breakpoint determination results in the logical link, the reliability and consistency of each determination result in the overall line status analysis can be quantified. Prioritizing the determination result with the highest coverage rate helps maintain the continuity and integrity of breakpoint determinations in the logical link, reducing the impact of isolated or localized erroneous determinations on overall fault location and improving the overall reliability of the determination results. When breakpoint determination results with the same coverage rate conflict, a time dimension is used for determination. By statistically analyzing the number of times the breakpoint occurs within a preset time window, the result with the highest frequency is prioritized. This effectively identifies persistent or recurring anomalies, further enhancing the stability of breakpoint determinations, reducing the impact of occasional anomalies or brief fluctuations on the final determination result, and improving the accuracy and reliability of the unified determination result. The unified output of the breakpoint determination results after conflict resolution forms a set of candidate fault points. The generated unified determination results can provide a reliable basis for subsequent comprehensive analysis, fault segment fusion and final fault location, ensuring the overall consistency, integrity and operability of the fault location system. It is a key link to achieve scientific and accurate fault determination.

[0034] The steps for generating the final fault location result of the transmission line by combining the candidate fault logic sections and the unified judgment result are as follows: Step S51: Extract candidate fault logic segments and unified judgment results, and perform fusion mapping between the candidate fault logic segments and the set of candidate fault points in the unified judgment results; Step S52: When the candidate fault point falls into a certain candidate fault logic segment, the candidate fault logic segment is given priority marking. Step S53: When multiple candidate fault points correspond to the same candidate fault logic segment, increase the fault confidence of the candidate fault logic segment. Step S54: When the candidate fault points are distributed in adjacent candidate fault logic segments, the adjacent candidate fault logic segments are merged to form an extended candidate fault logic segment. Step S55: Based on the fault confidence level, select the candidate fault logic segment with the highest confidence level and generate the final fault location result of the transmission line.

[0035] In practical applications, by fusing candidate fault logic segments and candidate fault point information from unified judgment results, fault information at both the segment and node levels can be managed and analyzed in a unified manner. This allows the final fault location to consider both logical segment and node anomaly characteristics, improving location accuracy. Mapping candidate fault points to logical segments and prioritizing them helps highlight the importance of potential fault segments, ensuring that node anomaly information directly affects segment-level fault judgment during fusion analysis. This improves the accuracy and specificity of fault location, ensuring that critical segments are not overlooked. By weighting the occurrence of multiple candidate fault points within the same segment, the fault confidence of the segment can be quantified. Higher fault confidence indicates a greater likelihood of a fault in that segment, improving the reliability and credibility of the final fault location result. Merging candidate fault points distributed in adjacent segments can capture fault modes that may extend across segments, avoiding misjudgments due to breaks caused by manual segment division. This ensures that the fault location result reflects the spatial continuity of the actual fault, improving the completeness and operability of the fault analysis. By selecting the candidate fault logic segment with the highest confidence level, the most likely fault location can be output, achieving the final precise location. This ensures that the fault location results have the highest accuracy and feasibility, providing a reliable basis for the operation and maintenance of transmission lines, and realizing the closed-loop and systematization of fault analysis.

[0036] A transmission line fault location system, which applies the transmission line fault location method described above, includes: The logical segment module divides the transmission line into multiple logical segments according to the topology, generates a line-of-sight logical unit for each logical segment, and sets basic logical rules for each line-of-sight logical unit. The candidate fault module performs coarse-grained threshold determination on the real-time monitoring parameters of each logical segment, eliminates all normal logical segments, and performs fine-grained logic checks on the remaining suspected logical segments to screen out candidate faulty logical segments. The node link module establishes a node logical link within the candidate fault logical segment, detects the breakpoint node of the node logical link according to the basic logical rules, compares the breakpoint node before and after the time period, determines whether the breakpoint node is a continuous fault, and obtains the breakpoint determination result. The consistency check module performs logical consistency checks on the breakpoint judgment results of different monitoring points and different parameter types. When conflicts occur, decisions are made according to priority to generate a unified judgment result. The fault location module integrates candidate fault logic segments and unified judgment results to generate the final fault location result for the transmission line.

[0037] In practical applications, the logical segment module divides the transmission line into logical segments according to its topology, generating line-of-sight logical units and basic logical rules for each segment. This provides a structured data framework and rule basis for subsequent fault analysis. The candidate fault module performs coarse-grained threshold determination and fine-grained logical checks on the real-time monitoring parameters of each logical segment, filtering out candidate fault logical segments and achieving accurate identification of potential abnormal segments. The node link module establishes node logical links within the candidate fault logical segments, detecting breakpoint nodes and determining whether they are persistent faults, providing accurate judgment criteria for node-level fault location. The consistency check module performs logical consistency checks on the breakpoint judgment results of different monitoring points and different parameter types, and generates a unified judgment result through priority decision-making, ensuring the reliability and consistency of multi-source data fusion. Finally, the fault location module integrates the candidate fault logical segments and the unified judgment result to generate the final fault location result of the transmission line, achieving accurate fault location from node to segment, providing a scientific basis for operation and maintenance.

[0038] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method of fault location for a power transmission line, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: dividing the power transmission line into a plurality of logical sections according to a topological relationship, generating a line-of-sight logical unit for each logical section, and setting a basic logical rule for each line-of-sight logical unit; performing coarse-grained threshold judgment on real-time monitoring parameters of each logical section, eliminating all normal logical sections, and performing fine-grained logical checking on the remaining suspected logical sections to screen out candidate fault logical sections; establishing a node logical link in the candidate fault logical section, detecting a breakpoint node of the node logical link according to the basic logical rule, comparing the breakpoint node between the front and rear time periods, determining whether the breakpoint node is a persistent fault, and obtaining a breakpoint determination result; performing logical consistency checking on the breakpoint determination results of different monitoring points and different parameter types, making a decision according to a priority when a conflict occurs, and generating a unified determination result; generating a final fault positioning result of the power transmission line by comprehensively considering the candidate fault logical section and the unified determination result.

2. A method of locating a fault on a power transmission line as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The step of dividing the power transmission line into a plurality of logical sections according to a topological relationship, generating a line-of-sight logical unit for each logical section, and setting a basic logical rule for each line-of-sight logical unit is specifically as follows: obtaining topological structure information of the power transmission line, and dividing the power transmission line into a plurality of logical sections according to a physical connection relationship of the power transmission line; identifying all monitoring nodes and their physical connection sequences in each logical section to form a logical section unit, abstracting the logical section unit into a line-of-sight logical unit, and setting a basic logical rule for the line-of-sight logical unit, wherein the line-of-sight logical unit comprises a node parameter set, a node physical sequence chain, and a node operating state marker; the rule comprises a current threshold rule, a voltage threshold rule, a state consistency rule, and a priority rule.

3. A method of locating a fault on a power transmission line as defined in claim 1, wherein, The step of performing coarse-grained threshold judgment on real-time monitoring parameters of each logical section, eliminating all normal logical sections, and performing fine-grained logical checking on the remaining suspected logical sections to screen out candidate fault logical sections is specifically as follows: obtaining real-time monitoring parameters of each logical section, wherein the real-time monitoring parameters comprise a current amplitude, a voltage amplitude, and a state quantity; comparing the real-time monitoring parameters with a preset coarse-grained threshold value, and if all real-time monitoring parameters are within a normal threshold range, determining that the logical section is a normal logical section and eliminating it; marking the logical section that does not pass the coarse-grained threshold judgment as a suspected logical section, and performing fine-grained logical checking to screen out a candidate fault logical section.

4. A method of locating a fault on a power transmission line as claimed in claim 3, wherein, The step of marking the logical section that does not pass the coarse-grained threshold judgment as a suspected logical section, and performing fine-grained logical checking to screen out a candidate fault logical section is specifically as follows: marking the logical section that does not pass the coarse-grained threshold judgment as a suspected logical section, and performing fine-grained logical checking in the suspected logical section; comparing a current amplitude difference between adjacent nodes in the suspected logical section, and if the current amplitude difference exceeds a preset current difference threshold, the current abnormal condition is met; detecting a drop amplitude and a continuous drop time of the voltage amplitude in the suspected logical section, and if the drop amplitude exceeds a preset drop amplitude threshold or the continuous drop time exceeds a preset time threshold, a voltage abnormality condition is met; comparing a node state in the suspected logical section with a power line operation state rule, and if the node state in the suspected logical section does not match the power line operation state rule, a state abnormality condition is met; when the suspected logical section meets any abnormality condition in the fine-grained logical check, the logical section is marked as a candidate fault logical section.

5. A method of locating a fault on a power transmission line as defined in claim 1, wherein, The step of establishing a node logical link in the candidate fault logical section, detecting a breakpoint node of the node logical link according to the basic logical rule, comparing time periods before and after the breakpoint node, determining whether the breakpoint node is a persistent fault, and obtaining a breakpoint determination result, specifically comprises: in the candidate fault logical section, a node logical link is established according to a physical connection order of the nodes; the node logical link is traversed according to the basic logical rule, and whether adjacent nodes meet the basic logical rule is checked one by one; when the node and the adjacent nodes before and after the node do not meet the basic logical rule, the node is marked as a breakpoint node; the breakpoint node is compared in time periods before and after the breakpoint node, and it is determined whether the breakpoint node is a persistent fault, and a breakpoint determination result is obtained.

6. A method of locating a fault on a power transmission line as claimed in claim 5, wherein, The step of comparing time periods before and after the breakpoint node, and determining whether the breakpoint node is a persistent fault, and obtaining a breakpoint determination result, specifically comprises: for the breakpoint node, continuous multi-time period monitoring parameters of the breakpoint node before and after the determination time are extracted, and a sliding window mechanism is used to compare time periods before and after the breakpoint node; if the monitoring parameter abnormality only appears in a short time and recovers, it is determined that the breakpoint node is a transient disturbance, and if the monitoring parameter abnormality continuously exists and does not recover, it is determined that the breakpoint node is a persistent fault, and a breakpoint determination result is generated, wherein the breakpoint determination result contains corresponding logical link information.

7. A method of locating a fault on a power transmission line as claimed in claim 6, wherein, The step of performing logical consistency check on the breakpoint determination results of different monitoring points and different parameter types, and when a conflict occurs, making a decision according to a priority, and generating a unified determination result, specifically comprises: obtaining the breakpoint determination results from different monitoring points and different parameter types, and performing logical consistency check on the breakpoint determination results, and if there is a determination conflict between the breakpoint determination results, entering a priority decision link; according to the corresponding logical link information, calculating a coverage rate of each breakpoint determination result in the overall breakpoint logical link, and preferentially selecting a breakpoint determination result with the highest logical consistency coverage rate; when the logical consistency coverage rates are the same, counting the number of times each breakpoint determination result appears in a preset time window, and selecting a breakpoint determination result with the most appearances; the breakpoint determination results after the priority decision are uniformly output as a candidate fault point set, and a unified determination result is generated.

8. A method of locating a fault on a power transmission line as claimed in claim 7, wherein, The step of generating a final fault positioning result of the power line by comprehensively integrating the candidate fault logical section and the unified determination result, specifically comprises: extracting the candidate fault logical section and the unified determination result, and fusing and mapping the candidate fault point set of the candidate fault logical section and the unified determination result. When the candidate fault point falls into a candidate fault logic section, the candidate fault logic section is marked as a priority; When multiple candidate fault points correspond to the same candidate fault logic section, the fault confidence of the candidate fault logic section is improved; When the candidate fault points are distributed in adjacent candidate fault logic sections, the adjacent candidate fault logic sections are merged to form an extended candidate fault logic section; According to the fault confidence, the candidate fault logic section with the highest confidence is screened out to generate the final fault positioning result of the power transmission line.

9. A power line fault location system characterized by, The application of the power transmission line fault positioning method according to any one of claims 1-8 comprises: A logic section module divides the power transmission line into multiple logic sections according to the topological relationship, generates a line-of-sight logic unit for each logic section, and sets a basic logic rule for each line-of-sight logic unit; A candidate fault module performs coarse-grained threshold judgment on the real-time monitoring parameters of each logic section, eliminates all normal logic sections, and performs fine-grained logic checking on the remaining suspected logic sections to screen out candidate fault logic sections; A node link module establishes a node logic link in the candidate fault logic section, detects the breakpoint node of the node logic link according to the basic logic rule, compares the breakpoint node before and after the period, determines whether the breakpoint node is a persistent fault, and obtains a breakpoint determination result; A consistency checking module performs logical consistency checking on the breakpoint determination results of different monitoring points and different parameter types, makes a decision according to the priority when a conflict occurs, and generates a unified determination result; A fault positioning module integrates the candidate fault logic section and the unified determination result to generate the final fault positioning result of the power transmission line.

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