Data transmission method and device of ship communication system based on time sensitive network

Abstract

The invention discloses a data transmission method and device of a ship communication system based on a time sensitive network, and belongs to the technical field of ship communication, and the method comprises the steps: under the condition that a first ring network and a second ring network are normal, transmitting target service data through the first ring network and the second ring network according to a preset hot redundancy elimination protocol; and under the condition that the first ring network or the second ring network has the in-ring fault, activating a standby path of the ring network with the in-ring fault according to a multi-spanning tree protocol, and sending the target service data through the standby path of the ring network with the in-ring fault and the ring network without the fault according to a preset hot redundancy elimination protocol. According to the method, the double-ring network time-sensitive network is constructed, high-reliability data transmission is realized through the two redundant links, the data transmitted between the double rings are completely consistent based on the multi-spanning tree protocol and the hot redundancy elimination protocol, and the data transmission is not interrupted when a single link fails, so that the reliability of data transmission of the ship communication system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of ship communication technology, and in particular to a data transmission method and apparatus for a ship communication system based on time-sensitive networking. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional ship network architectures typically employ a hierarchical design of "central switch + edge terminals," where multiple central switches are deployed to build a star or tree-like network, and terminal devices (e.g., sensors, actuators, and controllers) access the switch via a single link. However, this architecture is prone to data transmission interruption in the complex environment of a ship when a single link fails, affecting the reliability of ship communication transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0003] A data transmission method and apparatus for a ship communication system based on time-sensitive networking are provided to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] Firstly, a data transmission method for a ship communication system based on time-sensitive networking is provided. The ship communication system includes a first ring network and a second ring network that are redundant with each other. Each ring network consists of at least three devices with switching network interface cards (NICs) connected end-to-end. Each ring network includes a primary path and a backup path. The method includes: when both the first and second ring networks are functioning normally, sending target service data via the primary path of the first ring network and the primary path of the second ring network according to a preset hot redundancy elimination protocol; when a ring fault occurs in either the first or second ring network, activating the backup path of the ring network experiencing the ring fault according to a multiple spanning tree protocol, and sending the target service data via the backup path of the ring network experiencing the ring fault and the primary path of the ring network without the fault according to the preset hot redundancy elimination protocol.

[0005] In some embodiments, the target service data includes multiple service data frames;

[0006] The target service data is sent via the main path of the first ring network and the main path of the second ring network respectively, according to the preset hot redundancy elimination protocol, including:

[0007] For each business data frame, a first copy and a second copy are generated; wherein the first copy and the second copy are identical.

[0008] The first and second copies are sent simultaneously via the main path of the first ring network and the main path of the second ring network, respectively.

[0009] Upon receiving the first and second copies at the receiving end, duplicate copies are eliminated by a preset elimination module; wherein, the preset elimination module is set at the receiving end.

[0010] In some embodiments, generating a first copy and a second copy for each service data frame includes:

[0011] The media access control layer replicates two business data frames to obtain a first copy and a second copy.

[0012] The target serial number and target timestamp are added to the first and second copies according to the preset carrier.

[0013] In some embodiments, when the receiving end receives a first copy and a second copy, the duplicate copies are eliminated by a preset elimination module, including:

[0014] When the receiving end receives the first copy and the second copy, the copy that arrives first and is valid is retained by the preset elimination module.

[0015] In some embodiments, an in-ring fault includes an in-ring link fault or an in-ring node fault.

[0016] In some embodiments, the method further includes: in the event that both the primary path and the backup path of the first ring network or the second ring network fail, activating the ring network that has not failed according to the Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol, and sending the target service data through the primary path and the backup path of the ring network that has not failed according to a preset hot redundancy elimination protocol.

[0017] In some embodiments, the method further includes: in the event that both the first ring network and the second ring network experience a disconnection failure, performing packet loss compensation on the transmission of the target service data according to a preset buffer retransmission optimization algorithm.

[0018] In some embodiments, the ship communication system includes a transmitter; the transmitter is equipped with a buffer; and packet loss compensation is performed on the transmission of target service data according to a preset buffer retransmission optimization algorithm, including:

[0019] If a disconnection fault is detected in both the first and second ring networks, a buffer is activated, and the buffer records the subsequent service data frames to be sent for the target service data.

[0020] If at least one of the first and second ring networks recovers from a fault, all service data frames recorded in the buffer during the double-ring disconnection period will be retransmitted to the receiving end in the original transmission order.

[0021] In some embodiments, recording subsequent service data frames to be sent from the target service data in a buffer includes:

[0022] Subsequent service data frames to be sent are stored in the original sending order and managed using a first-in-first-out queue.

[0023] In some embodiments, recording subsequent service data frames to be sent from the target service data via a buffer further includes:

[0024] If new service data frames arrive during the period when the first and second ring networks are disconnected and the buffer is not full, the new service data frames will continue to be stored in the buffer.

[0025] If new service data frames arrive during the period when the first and second ring networks are disconnected and the buffer is full, the low-priority service data frames are discarded.

[0026] In some embodiments, the method further includes: if at least one of the first and second ring networks has recovered from a fault, confirming the connectivity of the recovered ring network using a multiple spanning tree protocol.

[0027] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a data transmission device for a ship communication system based on a time-sensitive network. The ship communication system includes a first ring network and a second ring network that are redundant with each other; wherein each ring network is composed of at least three devices with switching network interface card (NIC) functions connected end-to-end; each ring network includes a main path and a backup path; the device includes:

[0028] The first sending module is used to send the target service data through the main path of the first ring network and the main path of the second ring network respectively, according to the preset hot redundancy elimination protocol, when both the first ring network and the second ring network are normal.

[0029] The activation module is used to activate the backup path of the ring network that has experienced an in-ring fault in accordance with the multiple spanning tree protocol in the event of an in-ring fault in the first or second ring network.

[0030] The second sending module is used to send the target service data via the backup path of the ring network with the ring network that has experienced the ring network failure and the main path of the ring network that has not experienced the ring network failure, respectively, in the event of an intra-ring fault in the first ring network or the second ring network, according to a preset hot redundancy elimination protocol.

[0031] This application provides a data transmission method and apparatus for a time-sensitive network (TSN)-based ship communication system. The data transmission method includes: when both the first and second ring networks are functioning normally, sending target service data via the main paths of the first and second ring networks respectively, according to a preset hot redundancy elimination protocol; in the event of an intra-ring failure in either the first or second ring network, activating the backup path of the ring network experiencing the intra-ring failure according to a multiple spanning tree (MSG) protocol, and sending the target service data via the backup path of the ring network experiencing the intra-ring failure and the main path of the ring network without failure, respectively, according to the preset hot redundancy elimination protocol. The data transmission method for a time-sensitive network-based ship communication system provided in this application achieves high-reliability data transmission through two redundant links by constructing a dual-ring time-sensitive network. Furthermore, by using the MSG protocol and the hot redundancy elimination protocol, the data transmitted between the two ring networks is completely consistent, ensuring uninterrupted data transmission even in the event of a single link failure, thereby improving the reliability of data transmission in the ship communication system. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a dual-redundant reliable dual-ring network topology provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a data transmission method for a ship communication system based on time-sensitive networking, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of MSTP single-ring failure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of IEEE 802.1CB data copying and deletion in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of another data transmission method for a ship communication system based on time-sensitive networking provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0039] Figure 6This is a timing diagram of a time window buffer-retransmission algorithm provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the data transmission device of a ship communication system based on time-sensitive networking provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0042] In the embodiments of this application, "at least one" refers to one or more; "multiple" refers to two or more. In the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only for the purpose of distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, nor should they be construed as indicating or implying order.

[0043] References such as “one embodiment” or “some embodiments” as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” and variations thereof, as used in this specification, mean “including, but not limited to,” unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0044] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, "and / or" describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. In addition, the character " / ", unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the associated objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship.

[0045] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, "connection" can be understood as electrical connection. The connection between two electrical components can be a direct or indirect connection between the two electrical components. For example, the connection between A and B can be a direct connection between A and B, or an indirect connection between A and B through one or more other electrical components.

[0046] The applicant's research revealed that traditional ship network architectures typically employ a hierarchical design of "central switches + edge terminals," meaning that multiple central switches are deployed to build a star or tree-like network, with terminal devices (e.g., sensors, actuators, and controllers) accessing the switches via a single link. However, this architecture exposes the following key shortcomings in the complex environment of ships:

[0047] Single point of failure risk: The central switch is the core of the network. Once hardware damage or software abnormality occurs (such as firmware crash or loop storm caused by link congestion), the entire network will be paralyzed and the continuous operation of electromechanical systems cannot be guaranteed.

[0048] Low redundancy efficiency: Although traditional networks can improve reliability by deploying redundant links (such as dual-link hot standby), redundant links between switches rely on spanning tree protocols (such as Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP), and Multi-span Tree Protocol (MSTP)) for coordination. Switching time is usually in the second range or even longer, which cannot meet the real-time requirements of electromechanical systems.

[0049] Extreme risk of link failure and packet loss: Although dual-ring networks can improve reliability through primary and backup links, multi-ring collaborative switching is prone to data loss due to protocol conflicts or insufficient synchronization.

[0050] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a data transmission method and apparatus for a ship communication system based on time-sensitive networking. By constructing a dual-ring time-sensitive networking (TSN), high-reliability data transmission is achieved through two redundant links. Furthermore, based on the multiple spanning tree protocol and the hot redundancy elimination protocol (standard for local and metropolitan area networks—frame replication and elimination for reliability, IEEE 802.1CB), the data transmitted between the two rings is completely consistent, ensuring that data transmission is not interrupted in the event of a single link failure, thereby improving the reliability of data transmission in the ship communication system.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a dual-redundant reliable dual-ring network topology provided in this application embodiment. In this application embodiment, the ship communication system includes multiple devices with switching network interface card (NIC) functions, and a first ring network and a second ring network that are redundant with each other. Each ring network consists of at least three devices with switching NIC functions connected end-to-end. For example, in the technical solution of this application embodiment, each ring network includes four STN switches as an example for illustration, and the same will not be repeated below. For example, each ring network includes a first TSN device A, a second TSN device B, a third TSN device C, and a fourth TSN device D. Each ring network is formed by these four TSN devices connected end-to-end via twisted-pair cables to form a ring structure, for example... Figure 1The orange ring network H1 and the green ring network H2 are shown in the diagram. The physical links of the first ring network H1 and the second ring network H2 are deployed completely independently, which avoids sharing physical resources and ensures that a single point of failure (such as a network cable disconnection) will not affect both rings simultaneously.

[0052] Among them, the STN switch supports MSTP, IEEE 802.1CB and buffered retransmission algorithm.

[0053] Each ring network includes a primary path and a backup path. For example, the primary path of the first ring network H1 is: First TSN device A - Second TSN device B - Third TSN device C - Fourth TSN device D. The backup path of the first ring network H1 is: First TSN device A - Fourth TSN device D - Third TSN device C - Second TSN device B. Similarly, since the second ring network H2 and the first ring network H1 are redundant links, the primary path of the second ring network H2 is: First TSN device A - Second TSN device B - Third TSN device C - Fourth TSN device D. The backup path of the second ring network H2 is: First TSN device A - Fourth TSN device D - Third TSN device C - Second TSN device B.

[0054] It should be noted that the first ring network H1 and the second ring network H2 are mutually redundant and completely independent links. The primary path and backup path of the first ring network H1 and the second ring network H2 are also completely independent paths. Each ring network includes a sender and a receiver; that is, the senders of the first ring network H1 and the second ring network H2 are independent, and the receivers of the first ring network H1 and the second ring network H2 are independent.

[0055] It is understood that this application embodiment constructs a dual-ring TSN network topology by connecting multiple devices end-to-end through two redundant links to form a dual-ring network. This achieves high-reliability transmission through the two redundant links, ensuring uninterrupted data transmission even in the event of a single link failure.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a data transmission method for a ship communication system based on time-sensitive networking, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Please refer to... Figure 2 The data transmission method for this time-sensitive network-based ship communication system includes the following steps:

[0057] Step 110: If both the first and second ring networks are functioning normally, send the target service data via the main path of the first ring network and the main path of the second ring network respectively, according to the preset hot redundancy elimination protocol.

[0058] The target business data refers to the data that needs to be transmitted in the ship's communication system. The specific settings can be configured according to the actual situation, and no specific limitations are made here.

[0059] The default hot redundancy elimination protocol is IEEE 802.1CB.

[0060] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of MSTP single-ring failure provided in an embodiment of this application. For an example, please refer to [link to example]. Figure 3 Each ring network is treated as an independent MSTP instance. For example, the first ring network H1 is MSTP instance 1, and the second ring network H2 is MSTP instance 2. The MSTP protocol breaks logical loops within the ring by calculating the spanning tree (non-root port blocking).

[0061] Specifically, the implementation process of MSTP single-ring failure is as follows: Under normal conditions (i.e., when both the first and second ring networks are normal), data is forwarded only through one active path (e.g., the main path of the first ring network H1: first TSN device A - second TSN device B - third TSN device C - fourth TSN device D). Other redundant links (e.g., the first TSN device A - fourth TSN device D of the second ring network H2) are not used to avoid broadcast storms. When any link (e.g., the second TSN device B - third TSN device C) or node (e.g., the second TSN device B) within the ring fails, MSTP quickly recalculates the spanning tree (typical convergence time <500ms) and activates the backup path (e.g., the first TSN device A - fourth TSN device D of the first ring network H1) to restore the transmission of the target service data. This allows service data to be transmitted simultaneously through the first ring network H1 and the second ring network H2 via dual transmission (IEEE 802.1CB) when both STNs are normal, and duplicate frames are eliminated at the receiving end via IEEE 802.1CB. MSTP maintains single-path forwarding in each ring (breaking loops), ensuring no broadcast storms and optimal forwarding efficiency. Furthermore, MSTP's rapid convergence capability ensures extremely short service interruption time (milliseconds) in the event of a single-ring failure, thus not affecting data transmission.

[0062] In some embodiments, the target service data includes multiple service data frames; sending the target service data via the main path of the first ring network and the main path of the second ring network according to a preset hot redundancy elimination protocol includes: generating a first copy and a second copy for each service data frame; wherein the first copy and the second copy are identical; sending the first copy and the second copy simultaneously via the main path of the first ring network and the main path of the second ring network; and eliminating duplicate copies by a preset elimination module when the receiving end receives the first copy and the second copy; wherein the preset elimination module is set at the receiving end.

[0063] The ship communication system includes a transmitting end. The generation of a first copy and a second copy (i.e., data replication) for each service data frame is performed at the transmitting end.

[0064] The service data frames include control commands, real-time sensor data, etc. The sending end is either the service source node or a common access switch in a dual-ring network (i.e., the first ring network and the second ring network).

[0065] The first and second copies are completely identical, with one being the primary copy and the other the secondary copy. The primary and secondary copies can be set according to the actual situation, and no specific restrictions are made here.

[0066] In some embodiments, generating a first copy and a second copy for each service data frame includes: copying two service data frames at the media access control (MAC) layer to obtain a first copy and a second copy; and adding a target sequence number and a target timestamp to the first copy and the second copy according to a preset carrier.

[0067] The preset carrier includes at least one of Virtual Local Area Network Tag (VLANTag), custom fields, and frame header extensions.

[0068] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating IEEE 802.1CB data duplication and deletion in an embodiment of this application. For an example, please refer to [link to example]. Figure 4 The specific implementation process of copying and dual-transmitting service data frames is as follows: At the sending end, service data frames requiring high-reliability transmission (such as control commands and real-time sensor data) are processed according to the IEEE 802.1CB protocol. Specifically, two identical copies (a first copy and a second copy) are generated for each original data frame, and simultaneously transmitted through the first ring network H1 and the second ring network H2, respectively. The copying of service data frames occurs at the MAC layer, and a unique sequence number and timestamp are added via a preset carrier for deduplication and sequence verification at the receiving end.

[0069] In some embodiments, when the receiving end receives the first copy and the second copy, the duplicate copy is eliminated by a preset elimination module, including: when the receiving end receives the first copy and the second copy, the duplicate copy that arrives first and is valid is retained by the preset elimination module.

[0070] The preset elimination module is deployed on the receiving end.

[0071] Specifically, the deduplication process for the first and second copies at the receiving end is as follows: Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4 At the receiving ends of the first ring network H1 and the second ring network H2, IEEE 802.1CB elimination modules are deployed to identify and discard duplicate copies based on the sequence number of the service data frame. Specifically, when a primary copy and a secondary copy are received, only the first valid copy is retained (or a copy with better quality is selected through business logic) to ensure that the service data processed by the receiving end is completely consistent with the original sent content, avoiding business logic errors caused by duplicate processing.

[0072] Therefore, the embodiments of this application construct a high-reliability network through MSTP and IEEE 802.1CB redundant links. MSTP Multi-Spanning Tree Protocol realizes loop breaking and fast fault convergence within a single ring, while IEEE 802.1CB hot redundancy and elimination protocol ensures that the data transmitted between the two rings is completely consistent (i.e., dual transmission deduplication is achieved through IEEE 802.1CB protocol), ensuring that data transmission is not interrupted when a single link fails, and realizing path redundancy, traffic load balancing and fast fault recovery.

[0073] Step 120: In the event of an intra-ring fault in the first or second ring network, activate the backup path of the ring network experiencing the intra-ring fault according to the Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol, and send the target service data via the backup path of the ring network experiencing the intra-ring fault and the main path of the ring network without the fault according to the preset hot redundancy elimination protocol.

[0074] Intra-ring faults include intra-ring link faults or intra-ring node faults. For example, a link fault or node fault (e.g., the second TSN device B) between the second TSN device B and the third TSN device C.

[0075] Specifically, in the event of an intra-ring fault in the first or second ring network, for example, if the first ring network H1 experiences a link failure (e.g., a link failure between the second TSN device B and the third TSN device C), the MSTP of the first ring network H1 will recalculate the spanning tree within less than 500ms and activate the backup path of the first ring network H1 (e.g., the link between the first TSN device A and the fourth TSN device D). This ensures that the target service data is still transmitted through the backup path of the first ring network 1 and the main path of the second ring network H2 via dual-link transmission, allowing the receiving end to obtain the target service data through either ring network. This ensures that service data transmission is uninterrupted in the event of a single-ring fault.

[0076] In some embodiments, sending target service data via a backup path of a ring network experiencing an in-ring fault and a main path of a ring network without a fault, respectively, according to a preset hot redundancy elimination protocol, includes: generating a first copy and a second copy for each service data frame; wherein the first copy and the second copy are identical; simultaneously sending the first copy and the second copy via the backup path of the ring network experiencing an in-ring fault and the main path of the ring network without a fault, respectively; and eliminating duplicate copies by a preset elimination module when the receiving end receives the first copy and the second copy.

[0077] In some embodiments, the data transmission method of the time-sensitive network-based ship communication system further includes: in the event that both the primary path and the backup path of the first ring network or the second ring network fail, activating the ring network that has not failed according to the multiple spanning tree protocol, and sending the target service data through the primary path and the backup path of the ring network that has not failed according to a preset hot redundancy elimination protocol.

[0078] In the event of a failure in either the primary or backup path of the first or second ring network (i.e., a failure in either the first or second ring network), the fault-free ring network is activated according to the Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP). The target service data is then transmitted via the primary and backup paths of the fault-free ring network according to a pre-defined hot redundancy elimination protocol. Thus, the redundant configuration of the first and second ring networks ensures that even if one ring network fails (both the primary and backup paths fail), data transmission can still be performed through the other ring network, guaranteeing uninterrupted data transmission and improving the reliability of data transmission in the ship's communication system.

[0079] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating another data transmission method for a ship communication system based on a time-sensitive network, provided in an embodiment of this application. Based on the above embodiments, please refer to... Figure 5 The data transmission method for this time-sensitive network-based ship communication system includes the following steps:

[0080] Step 210: If both the first and second ring networks are functioning normally, send the target service data via the main path of the first ring network and the main path of the second ring network respectively, according to the preset hot redundancy elimination protocol.

[0081] Step 220: In the event of an intra-ring fault in the first or second ring network, activate the backup path of the ring network experiencing the intra-ring fault according to the Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol, and send the target service data via the backup path of the ring network experiencing the intra-ring fault and the main path of the ring network without the fault according to the preset hot redundancy elimination protocol.

[0082] Step 230: In the event of a disconnection failure in both the first and second ring networks, packet loss compensation is performed on the transmission of the target service data according to the preset buffer retransmission optimization algorithm.

[0083] Among them, the preset buffer retransmission optimization algorithm is the time window order-keeping buffer-transmission optimization algorithm.

[0084] Specifically, when an extreme failure occurs (e.g., the first and second ring networks are simultaneously disconnected due to natural disasters or human error), and the time interval between the first and second ring network disconnections is less than the MSTP recovery time (e.g., MSTP full ring convergence requires 2-3 seconds), MSTP has not yet completed ring reconstruction, the network is in a brief interruption state, and some service data will be lost. To address this, this application embodiment uses a preset buffer retransmission optimization algorithm to cache the target service data, and retransmits the cached target service data when either ring network fault recovers. This achieves zero packet loss by compensating for packet loss through buffer retransmission when both ring networks are simultaneously disconnected.

[0085] In some embodiments, the ship communication system includes a transmitter; the transmitter is equipped with a buffer; and packet loss compensation is performed on the transmission of target service data according to a preset buffer retransmission optimization algorithm, including: when a disconnection fault is detected in both the first ring network and the second ring network, the buffer is activated, and the subsequent service data frames to be transmitted for the target service data are recorded in the buffer; when at least one of the first and second ring networks recovers from the fault, all service data frames recorded in the buffer during the double-ring disconnection period are retransmitted to the receiver in the original transmission order.

[0086] The double-ring disconnection time period refers to the time interval between the time when the first ring network experiences a disconnection fault and the time when the second ring network experiences a disconnection fault.

[0087] The original sending order refers to sending according to the original sequence number and the original timestamp.

[0088] The subsequent service data frames to be sent include some or all of the target service data.

[0089] The buffer is a time-window sequential hold buffer.

[0090] Specifically, a time-window sequential buffer is deployed at the sending end to monitor the status of the first and second ring networks in real time (detecting port status, root bridge election information, and link layer connectivity signals via MSTP protocol messages (such as BPDU, Bridge Protocol Data Unit). When both the first and second ring networks are detected to be disconnected (e.g., three consecutive BPDU messages time out and the physical link indicator light goes out), the buffer is activated to record subsequent service data frames to be sent, and each frame is marked with a precise timestamp (accurate to the millisecond level) and a sequence number (incrementing in the order of transmission). This allows for buffering of subsequent service data frames to be sent when both ring networks are simultaneously disconnected, avoiding packet loss and ensuring data transmission reliability.

[0091] The size of the buffer is designed based on peak traffic. For example, it retains data frames from the most recent 500ms, corresponding to approximately 500-1000 data packets in a typical industrial control scenario, ensuring coverage of the longest possible interruption time during MSTP switching. The longest possible interruption time for MSTP switching is typically less than 500 milliseconds.

[0092] In some embodiments, recording subsequent service data frames to be sent by the target service data in a buffer includes: storing the subsequent service data frames to be sent in the original sending order and managing them using a first-in-first-out (FIFO) queue.

[0093] Specifically, the data frames in the buffer are stored in the original sending order of the target service data (strictly sorted by sequence number) and managed using a FIFO queue. This ensures that during the double-ring disconnection period, the subsequent service data frames to be sent in the target service data are kept in order, which is beneficial for subsequent data retransmission and thus ensures the reliability of data transmission.

[0094] In some embodiments, recording subsequent service data frames to be sent by the target service data through a buffer further includes: if new service data frames arrive during the disconnection of the first ring network and the second ring network and the buffer is not full, continuing to store new service data frames through the buffer; and if new service data frames arrive during the disconnection of the first ring network and the second ring network and the buffer is full, discarding service data frames with lower priority.

[0095] Specifically, if new service data frames arrive during the period when the first and second ring networks are disconnected and the buffer is not full, the new service data frames will continue to be stored in the buffer. If new service data frames arrive during the period when the first and second ring networks are disconnected and the buffer is full (e.g., in extremely high load scenarios), low-priority service data frames (e.g., non-control monitoring data) will be discarded first to ensure that critical service data (e.g., protection instructions) is not lost due to buffer overflow, thus achieving out-of-order suppression.

[0096] In some embodiments, the data transmission method of the time-sensitive network-based ship communication system further includes: in the case that at least one of the first and second ring networks has recovered from a fault, confirming the connectivity of the recovered ring network using a multiple spanning tree protocol.

[0097] The specific implementation method for confirming the connectivity of the ring network after fault recovery is as follows: for example, detecting whether the root port status has changed to "forwarding" status and whether BPDU messages are being exchanged normally.

[0098] Specifically, when any ring network fault is recovered (or both ring networks are recovered), the transmitting end first confirms the connectivity of the recovered ring network via the MSTP protocol. Then, it retransmits all data frames recorded in the buffer during the period of the double-ring disconnection to the receiving end in the original sequence number and timestamp order. The receiving end's IEEE 802.1CB cancellation module eliminates duplicate frames, ensuring that the data order is completely consistent with the original transmission order, thus achieving retransmission triggering and accurate recovery.

[0099] Figure 6 This is a timing diagram of a time window buffer-retransmission algorithm provided in an embodiment of this application. For an example, please refer to [link to example]. Figure 6 The overall implementation process of the time window buffer-retransmission algorithm is as follows: First, a disconnection fault is detected in both rings. Then, the time window is calculated. Second, SOQ is initialized, and data is buffered in SN order. Then, it is determined whether the protection switch is complete. If the protection switch is complete, synchronous retransmission is initiated, and data is sent in SN order. If the protection switch is not complete, buffering continues. Finally, the receiving end receives and eliminates packets one by one to confirm the completion of data transmission. Thus, by combining the time window order-maintaining buffer-retransmission optimization algorithm, it is possible to achieve the following when both rings are simultaneously disconnected due to extreme reasons and the interval between the two ring disconnections is less than the MSTP recovery time: the sending end buffers the data during the ring disconnection period, and the receiving end temporarily loses some data (corresponding to the MSTP switching time window). When either ring fault is recovered, the sending end retransmits the data in the buffer, and the receiving end reassembles and eliminates duplicates in the order, ultimately achieving zero packet loss. This achieves the goal of buffering critical data and accurately retransmitting it during the simultaneous disconnection of both rings and MSTP switching, solving the packet loss problem in extreme fault scenarios, and ultimately achieving zero data loss, no order disorder, and no reduction in real-time performance in any single-ring or double-ring fault scenario.

[0100] In summary, this application proposes a switch-free dual-ring TSN (Time-Sensitive Network) networking method and a zero-packet-loss data transmission technology based on MSTP (Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol) and IEEE 802.1CB (Hot Redundancy and Cancellation Protocol). By deeply integrating TSN network cards and switch functions into terminal devices, a ring redundant network topology is constructed. Combined with MSTP multi-instance management, IEEE 802.1CB hot redundancy, and a custom buffer retransmission algorithm, it solves problems such as single-node failure in the network center, packet loss during dual-ring handover, and low utilization of redundant links in dual-ring scenarios. Furthermore, this application has the following advantages:

[0101] First, functional integration design. The TSN network card function and TSN device function are integrated into a single device, enabling the device to have the dual capabilities of an end node (terminal device) and a switching node (forwarding device), thereby eliminating the risk of single point of failure of the switch and improving network reliability.

[0102] Second, a dual-ring topology. Multiple devices are connected end-to-end via two redundant links to form a dual-ring network. High-reliability transmission is achieved through these redundant links, ensuring uninterrupted data transmission even in the event of a single link failure. Furthermore, it combines the MSTP (Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol) and the IEEE 802.1CB (Hot Redundancy Protocol) to achieve path redundancy, traffic load balancing, and rapid fault recovery.

[0103] Third, high-reliability transmission. The dual rings serve as hot backups for each other, and MSTP quickly switches paths to ensure service continuity in the event of a single ring failure. When both rings disconnect simultaneously, packet loss is compensated through buffered retransmission, resulting in overall reliability far exceeding traditional single-ring or dual-ring solutions (achieving availability of over 99.999%).

[0104] Figure 7 This is a schematic block diagram of a data transmission device for a ship communication system based on time-sensitive networking, provided in an embodiment of this application. This application also provides a data transmission device for a ship communication system based on time-sensitive networking; please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 7 The data transmission device 100 of the time-sensitive network-based ship communication system includes: a first transmission module 101, used to transmit target service data via the main path of the first ring network and the main path of the second ring network respectively, according to a preset hot redundancy elimination protocol, when both the first ring network and the second ring network are normal; an activation module 102, used to activate the backup path of the ring network that has experienced an intra-ring fault according to a multiple spanning tree protocol when an intra-ring fault occurs in either the first or second ring network; and a second transmission module 103, used to transmit target service data via the backup path of the ring network that has experienced an intra-ring fault and the main path of the ring network that has not experienced a fault, respectively, according to a preset hot redundancy elimination protocol, when an intra-ring fault occurs in either the first or second ring network.

[0105] The technical solution of this application provides a data transmission device for a ship communication system based on a time-sensitive network. By constructing a dual-ring time-sensitive network, high-reliability data transmission is achieved through two redundant links. Furthermore, based on the multiple spanning tree protocol and the hot redundancy elimination protocol, the data transmitted between the two ring networks is completely consistent, ensuring that data transmission is not interrupted in the event of a single link failure, thereby improving the reliability of data transmission in the ship communication system.

[0106] In some embodiments, the target service data includes multiple service data frames; the first sending module 101 is further configured to: generate a first copy and a second copy for each service data frame; wherein the first copy and the second copy are identical; send the first copy and the second copy simultaneously through the main path of the first ring network and the main path of the second ring network, respectively; and, upon receiving the first copy and the second copy at the receiving end, eliminate duplicate copies through a preset elimination module; wherein the preset elimination module is set at the receiving end.

[0107] In some embodiments, the first sending module 101 is further configured to: copy two service data frames at the media access control layer to obtain a first copy and a second copy; and add a target sequence number and a target timestamp to the first copy and the second copy according to a preset carrier.

[0108] In some embodiments, the first sending module 101 is further configured to: retain the copy of the first arriving and valid data by means of a preset elimination module when the receiving end receives the first copy and the second copy.

[0109] In some embodiments, an in-ring fault includes an in-ring link fault or an in-ring node fault.

[0110] In some embodiments, the data transmission apparatus 100 of the time-sensitive network-based ship communication system further includes an activation and transmission module, configured to: activate the fault-free ring network according to the multiple spanning tree protocol in the event that both the primary path and the backup path of the first ring network or the second ring network are faulty, and transmit the target service data through the primary path and the backup path of the fault-free ring network respectively according to a preset hot redundancy elimination protocol.

[0111] In some embodiments, the data transmission device 100 of the time-sensitive network-based ship communication system further includes a packet loss compensation module, which is used to: compensate for packet loss in the transmission of target service data according to a preset buffer retransmission optimization algorithm when both the first ring network and the second ring network experience a disconnection failure.

[0112] In some embodiments, the ship communication system includes a transmitter; the transmitter is provided with a buffer; the packet loss compensation module is further configured to: activate the buffer when both the first ring network and the second ring network are detected to be disconnected, and record subsequent service data frames to be sent for the target service data in the buffer; and resend all service data frames recorded in the buffer during the double-ring disconnection period to the receiver in the original sending order when at least one of the first and second ring networks has recovered from the fault.

[0113] In some embodiments, the packet loss compensation module is further configured to: store subsequent service data frames to be sent in the original sending order and manage them using a first-in-first-out queue.

[0114] In some embodiments, the packet loss compensation module is further configured to: continue storing new service data frames in the buffer when new service data frames arrive during the disconnection of the first ring network and the second ring network and the buffer is not full; and discard low-priority service data frames when new service data frames arrive during the disconnection of the first ring network and the second ring network and the buffer is full.

[0115] In some embodiments, the data transmission apparatus 100 of the time-sensitive network-based ship communication system further includes an acknowledgment module for: acknowledging the connectivity of the recovered ring network via a multiple spanning tree protocol when at least one ring network in the first ring network and the second ring network has recovered from a fault.

[0116] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0117] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Although this application has disclosed preferred embodiments as above, it is not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A data transmission method of a time-sensitive network-based ship communication system, characterized by, The ship communication system comprises a first ring network and a second ring network which are redundant to each other; wherein each ring network is composed of at least three devices with switch network card function connected in a ring; each ring network comprises a main path and a standby path; the method comprises: In the case that both the first ring network and the second ring network are normal, target service data is transmitted according to a preset hot redundancy elimination protocol through the main path of the first ring network and the main path of the second ring network respectively; In the case that the first ring network or the second ring network has an internal fault, the standby path of the ring network with the internal fault is activated according to a multi-spanning tree protocol, and the target service data is transmitted according to the preset hot redundancy elimination protocol through the standby path of the ring network with the internal fault and the main path of the ring network without the internal fault respectively.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The target service data comprises a plurality of service data frames; The target service data is transmitted according to a preset hot redundancy elimination protocol through the main path of the first ring network and the main path of the second ring network respectively, comprising: A first copy and a second copy are generated for each service data frame; wherein the first copy and the second copy are identical; The first copy and the second copy are transmitted simultaneously through the main path of the first ring network and the main path of the second ring network respectively; In the case that the first copy and the second copy are received at a receiving end, a preset elimination module is used to eliminate duplicate copies; wherein the preset elimination module is arranged at the receiving end.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The first copy and the second copy are generated for each service data frame, comprising: Two service data frames are copied at a media access control layer to obtain the first copy and the second copy; And a target sequence number and a target time stamp are added to the first copy and the second copy according to a preset carrier.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein, In the case that the first copy and the second copy are received at a receiving end, a preset elimination module is used to eliminate duplicate copies, comprising: In the case that the first copy and the second copy are received at a receiving end, a preset elimination module is used to retain the copy that reaches first and is valid data.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The internal fault comprises an internal link fault or an internal node fault.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises: In the case that both the main path and the standby path of the first ring network or the second ring network are faulty, a ring network without the fault is activated according to a multi-spanning tree protocol, and the target service data is transmitted according to the preset hot redundancy elimination protocol through the main path and the standby path of the ring network without the fault respectively.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises: In the case that both the first ring network and the second ring network have a disconnection fault, a preset buffer retransmission optimization algorithm is used to compensate for packet loss in transmission of the target service data.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The ship communication system comprises a sending end; the sending end is provided with a buffer area; the preset buffer retransmission optimization algorithm is used to compensate for packet loss in transmission of the target service data, comprising: In the case that both the first ring network and the second ring network have a disconnection fault, the buffer area is started, and service data frames to be transmitted subsequently of the target service data are recorded through the buffer area; In the case that at least one of the first ring network and the second ring network recovers from the failure, all service data frames recorded in the buffer during the double-ring disconnection period are retransmitted to the receiving end in the original sending order.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The method further comprises: in the case that at least one of the first ring network and the second ring network recovers from the failure, confirming the connectivity of the ring network that recovers from the failure through the multi-generation tree protocol. The method further comprises: in the case that at least one of the first ring network and the second ring network recovers from the failure, confirming the connectivity of the ring network that recovers from the failure through the multi-generation tree protocol.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, The ship communication system comprises a first ring network and a second ring network that are redundant to each other; each ring network is composed of at least three devices with a switching network card function connected end to end; each ring network comprises a main path and a standby path; the device comprises: The first sending module is configured to, in the case that both the first ring network and the second ring network are normal, send target service data according to a preset hot redundancy elimination protocol through the main path of the first ring network and the main path of the second ring network respectively; The activation module is configured to, in the case that the first ring network or the second ring network has an intra-ring failure, activate the standby path of the ring network that has the intra-ring failure according to a multi-generation tree protocol; 11. The method of claim 8, wherein, The second sending module is configured to, in the case that the first ring network or the second ring network has an intra-ring failure, send the target service data according to the preset hot redundancy elimination protocol through the standby path of the ring network that has the intra-ring failure and the main path of the ring network that does not have the failure respectively.

12. A data transmission apparatus of a time-sensitive network-based ship communication system, characterized by, ​ ​ ​ ​

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