System and method for aligning sensors across chest of target patient

Abstract

There is provided an apparatus for positioning a front sensor and / or a rear sensor in a target region across a thorax of a target individual, the apparatus comprising: a rear positioning element comprising: a collar sized and shaped to fit at a base of a rear portion of a shoulder line and a neck of the target individual; and an elongate element having a first end region and a second end region, the first end region being connected to the collar, the second end region having a position marker disposed to correspond to a target anatomical feature of the spine of the target individual, the elongate element having a first end region and a second end region, the first end region being connected to the collar, the second end region having a position marker, the position marker being disposed to correspond to the target anatomical feature of the spine of the target individual; wherein, in use, the elongate element is positioned parallel to and above a long axis of the spine of the back of the target individual, and at least one anterior sensor and at least one posterior sensor are positioned on the thorax of the patient relative to the posterior positioning element, therefore, the target area is transmitted and / or sensed from the target area.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of application number 202080052533.8 (PCT application number PCT / IL2020 / 05051), filed on May 20, 2020, entitled “System and method for aligning sensors across a target patient’s chest”.

[0002] Related Applications

[0003] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 850,572, filed on May 21, 2019, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0004] TECHNICAL FIELD AND BACKGROUND

[0005] In some embodiments of the invention, the invention relates to alignment of sensors, more specifically but not exclusively to devices and methods for aligning sensors across a target patient’s chest.

[0006] Alignment of sensors can affect accurate measurement of a target tissue located inside a body of a target individual, for example, in a measurement system that transmits energy through a target tissue between two sensors located at different parts of the body, or using a single sensor (e.g., a transceiver that receives signals, transmits signals, and / or receives reflections of its own signals). Alignment of sensors for accurate measurement can be subject to errors in placing the sensors. SUMMARY

[0007] According to a first aspect, a device for positioning at least one front sensor and a back sensor across a target region of a thorax of a target individual, the device comprising: a back positioning element comprising: (i) a collar, the collar being sized and shaped to fit around a shoulder line and a back portion of a neck of the target individual; (ii) an elongated element having a first end region and a second end region, the first end region being connected to the collar, the second end region bearing a position marker configured to correspond to a target anatomical feature of a spine of the target individual; wherein, when in use, the elongated element is positioned parallel to and above a long axis of the spine of the back of the target individual, and at least one front sensor and at least one back sensor are positioned on the thorax of the patient relative to the back positioning element, thereby to transmit to and / or sense from the target region.

[0008] According to a second aspect, a method of positioning at least one front sensor and at least one back sensor across a target region of a thorax of a target individual, the method comprising: providing the device according to embodiments of the first aspect; positioning the collar of the back positioning element on the shoulder line and / or the base of the neck of the target individual; positioning the position marker of the elongated element of the back positioning element at a predefined anatomical marker position of a spine of the target individual; positioning the arcuate portion of the holding mechanism over a shoulder of the target individual such that the at least one front sensor and the at least one back sensor coupled to the holding mechanism are positioned across the thorax; and adjusting a position of a label element coupled to the elongated front portion of the holding mechanism at a predefined anatomical position of the thorax.

[0009] In further embodiments of the first and second aspects, the device further comprises: a holding mechanism designed for coupling to the back positioning mechanism, the holding mechanism comprising: (i) a generally arcuate portion for fitting over a shoulder of the target patient; (ii) an elongated front portion for connecting at least one front sensor to contact a thorax of the target individual; and (iii) an elongated back portion for connecting at least one back sensor to contact a back of the target individual; wherein when in use, the position of the holding mechanism is set relative to the positioned back positioning element, and by the holding mechanism, the at least one front sensor and the at least one back sensor are positioned on the thorax of the patient relative to the back positioning mechanism, thereby transmitting to and / or sensing from the target region.

[0010] In further embodiments of the first and second aspects, the device further comprises: a non-transitory memory having stored thereon a code which, when executed by at least one hardware processor of a computing device, causes the at least one hardware processor to: control activation of the at least one back sensor and the at least one front sensor, receive output of the at least one back sensor and the at least one front sensor, and calculate an estimated value of a content of a fluid within the target tissue of the target individual from the output of the at least one back sensor and the at least one front sensor.

[0011] In further embodiments of the first and second aspects, the back positioning element has an approximate Y shape, the collar has a shape approximating a short upper arm of the Y shape, and the elongated element of the back positioning element has a shape approximating a long arm of the Y shape.

[0012] In a further implementation form of the first and second aspects, the holding mechanism is shaped as a U-shape with a first arm shorter than a second arm, the front portion of the holding mechanism corresponds to the first arm of the U-shape, the back portion of the holding mechanism corresponds to the second arm, and the arc-shaped portion of the holding mechanism corresponds to a curve of the U-shape.

[0013] In a further implementation form of the first and second aspects, the back positioning element further comprises an adjustment mechanism that adjusts a distance between the holding mechanism and the elongated element of the back positioning element.

[0014] In a further implementation form of the first and second aspects, the adjustment mechanism comprises a plurality of stop station selectors arranged in a two-dimensional pattern, each of the stop station selectors being set at a predefined position of the holding mechanism to set a different distance of the holding mechanism with respect to the elongated element of the back positioning element.

[0015] In a further implementation form of the first and second aspects, each of the plurality of stop station selectors corresponds to a combination of at least one physical and / or anatomical patient parameter.

[0016] In a further implementation form of the first and second aspects, the adjustment mechanism adjusts the position of the holding mechanism in a two-dimensional plane substantially parallel to the back of the target individual.

[0017] In a further implementation form of the first and second aspects, the front element comprises at least one tag element configured to be used when the at least one tag element is positioned at a defined anatomical landmark position of the target individual, and the at least one front sensor is positioned with respect to the chest at a position corresponding to the target region.

[0018] In a further implementation form of the first and second aspects, the defined anatomical landmark position is selected from the group consisting of suprasternal notch, clavicle, and sternum.

[0019] In a further implementation form of the first and second aspects, the holding mechanism and the back positioning element are sized and shaped for positioning the at least one front sensor and the at least one back sensor across the target region located in at least one site selected from the group consisting of left lung, right lung, middle lobe of right lung, upper lobe of right lung, lower lobe of right lung, upper lobe of left lung, lower lobe of right lung, heart, trachea, and combinations thereof.

[0020] In a further implementation form of the first and second aspects, the device further comprises at least one front sensor positioning element coupled to the at least one front sensor to adjust a direction of the at least one front sensor to contact the chest of the target individual corresponding to the target region, the at least one front sensor positioning element being coupled to the front portion of the holding mechanism and / or at least one rear sensor positioning element coupled to the at least one rear sensor to adjust a direction of the at least one rear sensor to contact a back of the target individual corresponding to the target region, the at least one rear sensor positioning element being coupled to the rear portion of the holding mechanism.

[0021] In a further implementation form of the first and second aspects, the holding mechanism comprises a plurality of rigid regions connected by a plurality of spring-loaded hinges designed to adjust a distance between the at least one front sensor and the at least one rear sensor and to exert a spring force to push the at least one rear sensor and / or the at least one front sensor towards the thorax of the target individual.

[0022] In a further implementation form of the first and second aspects, the collar is sized and / or shaped to cover an arc of about 40 to 60 degrees of the back of the neck of the target individual.

[0023] In a further implementation form of the first and second aspects, the sensors are selected from the group consisting of electromagnetic (EM) emitters and / or receivers, ultrasonic emitters and / or receivers, radio frequency emitters (RF) and / or receivers, therapeutic elements, chemical injectors, and imaging elements.

[0024] In a further implementation form of the first and second aspects, the holding mechanism is made of a resilient material for increasing a distance between the at least one front sensor and the at least one rear sensor to accommodate the thorax and for forcing the at least one front sensor and the at least one rear sensor towards each other, wherein when in use, the holding mechanism exerts a force to the at least one front sensor and the at least one rear sensor against the thorax at a location corresponding to the target region.

[0025] In a further implementation form of the first and second aspects, the device is configured to position the at least one rear sensor between about 2 to 9 centimeters medially relative to a long axis of the spinal column and between about 8 to 30 centimeters inferior to a superior end of a vertebral process of the target patient.

[0026] In further implementations of the first and second aspects, the sensor is an electromagnetic transducer, and about 30% of an effective electromagnetic capture and / or transmission area of the electromagnetic transducer is located at the set position.

[0027] In further implementations of the first and second aspects, the apparatus further comprises: a plurality of additional sensors for calculating a distance between the front sensor and the rear sensor when the apparatus is in use.

[0028] In further implementations of the first and second aspects, the method further comprises: transmitting electromagnetic energy across the chest and through the target region of the target individual between the at least one front sensor and the at least one rear sensor; measuring the electromagnetic energy transmitted through the target region; and calculating a content of a fluid within the target region.

[0029] In further implementations of the first and second aspects, the method further comprises: selecting one of a plurality of stop stations corresponding to a combination of at least one anatomical and / or physical dimension of the thorax of the target individual, from one of the plurality of stop stations of the retention mechanism of the elongated element relative to the rear positioning element.

[0030] In further implementations of the first and second aspects, the retention mechanism is connected to the rear positioning element by a connector inserted into one of the plurality of stop stations.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and / or scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the application pertains. Although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present application, exemplary methods and / or materials are described below. In case of conflict, the patent specification, including definitions, will control. In addition, the materials, methods, and examples are illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting.

[0032] Implementation of the method and / or system of embodiments of the present application can involve performing or completing selected tasks manually, automatically, or a combination thereof. Moreover, according to actual instrumentation and equipment of embodiments of the method and / or system of the present application, some selected tasks could be implemented by hardware, by software or by firmware or combinations thereof.

[0033] For example, hardware for performing selected tasks according to embodiments of the application could be implemented as a chip or a circuit. As software, selected tasks according to embodiments of the application could be implemented as a plurality of software instructions being executed by a computer using any suitable operating system. In an exemplary embodiment of the application, one or more tasks according to exemplary embodiments of method and / or system as described herein are performed by a data processor, such as a computing platform for executing a plurality of instructions. Optionally, the data processor includes a volatile memory for storing instructions and / or data and / or a non-volatile storage, for example, a magnetic hard disk and / or removable media to store instructions and / or data. Optionally, a user input device is provided, such as a keyboard to input instructions and data to the data processor. Optionally, a display is provided, such as a liquid crystal display, for instance, for displaying information to the user. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Some embodiments of the application are herein described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings. With specific reference now to the drawings in detail, it is stressed that the particulars shown are by way of example and for purposes of illustrative discussion of embodiments of the application. In this regard, the description taken with the drawings makes apparent to those skilled in the art how embodiments of the application can be practiced.

[0035] In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a device for positioning front and / or back sensors across a thorax of a target individual, the device for transmitting energy to and / or receiving energy from a target region of the target individual, according to some embodiments of the application;

[0037] Figure 2 is an exemplary implementation of a device for positioning front and / or back sensors across a thorax of a target patient, according to some embodiments of the application;

[0038] Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of a separate holding mechanism, not connected to a back positioning element, according to some embodiments of the application;

[0039] Figure 4 is a side view schematic illustration of the device when not in use, according to some embodiments of the application;

[0040] Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of the device, wherein the holding mechanism is depicted at a maximal distance between the front sensor and the back sensor and / or in use, according to some embodiments of the application;

[0041] Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of a back positioning element, according to some embodiments of the application;

[0042] Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of a device according to some embodiments of the present application, wherein the holding mechanism is connected to the posterior positioning element via a connector;

[0043] Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of a holding mechanism of a device according to some embodiments of the present application, shown independently of the posterior positioning element;

[0044] Figures 9A to 9C is a schematic illustration and / or image of an example of a positioning device on a target individual according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0045] Figure 10 is a flowchart of a method for positioning an anterior sensor and / or a posterior sensor across a thorax of a target individual according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0046] Figure 11 is a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a collar for height positioning in a posterior positioning mechanism according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0047] Figure 12 is a schematic illustration of a close-up view of a collar for height positioning in a posterior positioning mechanism according to some embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, the present application relates to alignment of sensors, more specifically, but not limited to, systems and methods for aligning sensors across a thorax of a target patient.

[0049] One aspect of some embodiments of the present application relates to an apparatus for positioning a front sensor and / or a back sensor across a target region of a thorax of a target individual, for example, an electromagnetic (EM) transceiver (or other examples described herein) for sensing fluid in the lungs of a patient. The apparatus includes elements designed to be positioned at respective anatomical landmark locations. The apparatus is configured such that when the elements are positioned at the anatomical landmark locations, the front sensor and / or back sensor are properly positioned to sense the target region of the thorax. The apparatus includes a back positioning element comprising a collar designed to be applied to an anatomical location of a base of a posterior side of a shoulder line / neck, and an elongated element having a position marker at its bottom region (e.g., notch), designed for positioning on the spine of the target individual (at the back, e.g., at a particular vertebra), for example, parallel and / or on a long axis of the spine and / or on a selected anatomical feature of the spine, e.g., a particular vertebra. Optionally, a distance between the back sensor and the spinal anatomical feature closest to the back sensor is configured. When the back positioning element is configured in place, a selected holding mechanism coupled to the back positioning element is positioned at a predefined location, wherein a back sensor and / or a front sensor connected to the holding mechanism are positioned across the thorax of the patient corresponding to the target region. The holding mechanism can be approximately U-shaped, optionally comprising a substantially arcuate element designed to fit over the shoulder of the patient, an elongated front portion for connecting to a front sensor, and an elongated back portion for connecting to a back sensor. The sensors can be activated to transmit energy to and / or sense energy from the target region, for example, EM energy to the lungs to calculate fluid volume in the lungs. Alternatively, a holding mechanism is not used, and an operator can manually hold the sensors in place according to the relative positions of the sensors and the back positioning element. In another implementation, an operator places a marker (e.g., a sticker made using a marker) on the thorax of the patient according to the relative positions of the sensors and the back positioning element, and then uses a different securing mechanism and / or manually places the sensors on the marker.

[0050] Optionally, when the tag elements and / or collar and / or position markers on the elongated element of the back positioning element are placed at respective target anatomical locations (as described herein), the number of front sensors and / or back sensors is in the range of about 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, or other values or ranges using reference values or other values.

[0051] Optionally, the device includes a label element coupled to the front portion of the holding mechanism. The label element is configured so that, in use, the label element is positioned at the suprasternal notch of the patient, the front sensor is in the correct anatomical position of the patient for transmitting to and / or receiving signals from the target region.

[0052] Alternatively or additionally, the device includes two label elements (or other distance-measuring indicators or pointers) coupled to the front portion of the holding mechanism and / or the front sensor. The label elements are configured so that, when positioned simultaneously at the clavicle and the sternum, the front sensor is in the correct anatomical position of the patient for transmitting to and / or receiving signals from the target region. Optionally, the device is configured to exert a force that pushes the sensor towards the thorax of the patient, for example, a system of rigid elements connected by springs.

[0053] Optionally, the position of the holding mechanism relative to the rear positioning element is adjustable, optionally in a two-dimensional plane substantially parallel to the back of the target individual, to accommodate thoraxes of different sizes.

[0054] Optionally, the rear positioning element includes a collar designed to be positioned along the neck and / or one or both sides of the neck and / or the shoulder. The collar is shaped to fit in the target anatomical position. Optionally, the rear positioning element includes a collar shaped to fit in the target anatomical marker position of the shoulder line and / or the base of the back of the neck. The size and / or shape of the collar assembly can fit on both sides of the neck to help ensure that the collar fits symmetrically around the neck. The collar is optionally part of the rear positioning element that sets the vertical alignment of the sensor via the holding element and sets the height of the rear positioning element relative to the base of the back of the neck / shoulder line.

[0055] Label elements and / or position markers and / or collars (sometimes collectively referred to as positioning elements) located at the bottom of the elongated elements are designed to be applied to predefined anatomical locations on the thorax of the target individual (optionally, as described herein, according to visual and / or mechanical matching of the respective anatomical positioning elements to the anatomical marker locations along the base of the supra-sternal notch, the spine and the back of the neck, respectively). The positioning elements and the mechanical elements (i.e. the holding mechanism and the rear positioning elements connected to the sensors) are mechanically coupled such that when the positioning elements are at the appropriate anatomical locations, the sensors connected to the holding mechanism are located at the appropriate ideal locations on the thorax relative to the target area. When the positioning elements (i.e. one or more of: label elements and / or position markers and / or collars located at the bottom of the elongated elements) are in place, the front and / or rear sensors are in the correct position, the holding mechanism is in one or more slightly different orientations. The mechanical coupling of the holding mechanism and the rear positioning elements can be adjusted (e.g. distance and / or orientation) such that the sensor position is adjusted relative to the positioning elements.

[0056] As described herein, the holding elements can be adjusted such that the distance and / or relative position of the sensors can be changed. As described herein, the holding elements can exert a force to better connect the sensors to the thorax.

[0057] One aspect of some embodiments of the present application relates to a method of positioning an anterior sensor and / or a posterior sensor across a target region of a thorax of a target individual. The device can be provided as described herein. The posterior positioning element is positioned on the back of the patient according to the location of the collar positioned at the shoulder line and / or the base of the neck and the location marker at the base of the elongated element positioned at the target anatomical location of the spine. At the same time, due to the components of the device being connected, the elongated element of the posterior positioning mechanism of the device is parallel and above the long axis of the spine of the target individual. The arcuate portion of the holding mechanism is positioned above a shoulder of the target individual. The anterior sensor and / or posterior sensor are positioned across the thorax. The tag element coupled to the elongated anterior portion of the holding mechanism is positioned at the sternal notch, such that the anterior sensor coupled to the elongated anterior portion is further adjusted to be across the thorax of the target individual to reach the target location on the thorax of the individual. The sensor and / or therapy element can be activated to transmit energy to and / or receive energy from the target region, for example, electromagnetic (EM) energy is transmitted to the lungs and / or focused ultrasound for ablation and / or other options described herein. For example, the received signal can be processed, calculating the amount of fluid in the lungs. In another example, the signal can be calculated for adjusting the therapy element, for example, adjusting the focused ultrasound. The patient can be diagnosed and / or treated according to the processed signal, for example, treating pulmonary edema and / or applying energy through the sensor, for example, based on the diagnosis and / or by the energy transmitted by the sensor.

[0058] As used herein, the term sensor can be sometimes interchangeable with the term therapy application element and / or can sometimes include the term therapy application element.

[0059] At least some implementations of the devices and / or methods described herein address the technical problem of positioning a sensor across the thorax of a patient, selectively improving the accuracy of correctly positioning the sensor and / or therapy application element (e.g., for direct therapy, focused ultrasound, energy applicators of radiofrequency energy, radiation therapy and / or for applying, managing or extracting substances (e.g., via a syringe or transdermal application) and / or for imaging probes). Selectively, pressure is applied in contact with the thorax to push the sensor. The device can be repeatedly applied to different patients (selectively with different sizes) to accurately position the sensor. The device can be repeatedly applied to the same patient in different sessions, in order to accurately repeat positioning the sensor in the same location (within a tolerance range) in each session. This technical problem can involve quickly and / or easily and / or accurately positioning a sensor across the thorax to obtain measurements for patient therapy (and / or based on diagnosis and / or for monitoring therapy) to assess the amount of fluid in one or both lungs of the patient.

[0060] At least some implementations of the devices and / or methods described herein address medical problems of treating a patient, for example, based on electromagnetic radiation (or other energy, such as ultrasound or electrical current) transmission to tissue within the thorax, for example, fluid in the lungs or other tissue, treating a target area directly by applying energy (e.g., focused ultrasound, radiofrequency energy, radiation applicator) and / or selecting and / or guiding treatment based on sensor data obtained from the thorax of the patient. A medical problem can relate to improving accuracy of sensing data used to treat a patient. Another medical problem can relate to improving a process of obtaining sensing data. The medical problem is addressed by the device that is easily and accurately positioned at the thorax to collect medical data used to treat a patient.

[0061] At least some implementations of the devices and / or methods described herein address technical problems by a holding mechanism and a posterior positioning element designed to be set at one or more anatomical landmark locations of a patient in an accurate and / or repeatable manner. In at least some implementations, the device is set at a height of the back relative to a base of the posterior neck and laterally relative to the spine of the patient at the anterior relative to the suprasternal notch of the patient. Once the predefined elements of the device are positioned as described herein, the anterior and / or posterior sensors (e.g., electromagnetic transceivers) can be set at the correct position relative to the anatomical landmark locations to sense a target area within the body of the patient, for example, the lungs.

[0062] Before one or more embodiments of the application are explained in detail, it is to be understood that the application as disclosed can not necessarily be limited to the details of construction and the arrangement of components and / or the methods as set forth in the following description and / or illustrated in the drawings and / or the Examples and that the application can include other embodiments and / or be practiced or carried out in various ways.

[0063] Reference is now made to Figure 1 , Figure 1 is a block diagram of a device 100 (and / or system 100) for positioning an anterior and / or posterior sensor across a thorax of a target individual for transmitting energy to and / or receiving energy from a target area of the target individual, in accordance with some embodiments of the present application.

[0064] The device 100 includes a posterior positioning element 108, a collar 114, and a position marker at a bottom region of an elongated element 150 of the posterior positioning element 108, as described in further detail herein.

[0065] Optionally, the posterior positioning element 108 has a shape that is approximately a Y, the collar has a shape that is approximately a short upper arm of the Y, and the elongated element 150 of the posterior positioning element 108 has a shape that is approximately a long arm of the Y.

[0066] Optionally, the apparatus 100 includes a holding mechanism 102 coupled (e.g., using magnets, mechanically clamped to an integral component) to the rear positioning mechanism 108, as described herein.

[0067] The holding mechanism 102 is generally U-shaped, including a substantially arcuate portion 102A (for fitting over the shoulder of a target patient), an elongated front portion 102B for coupling at least one front sensor 104A to contact the chest of the target individual, and an elongated rear portion 102C for coupling at least one rear sensor 104B to contact the back of the target individual. Optionally, the position and / or orientation of the front sensor 104A and / or the rear sensor 104B is adjustable. Alternatively, the position and / or orientation of one sensor is fixed, and the position and / or orientation of the other sensor is adjustable, e.g., the front sensor is fixed and the rear sensor is adjustable, or the front sensor is adjustable and the rear sensor is fixed.

[0068] The front sensor positioning element 106A can couple the front sensor 104A to the front portion 102B. The front sensor positioning element 106A can be designed to adjust the distance and / or orientation of the front sensor 104A in one or more degrees of freedom (e.g., six), e.g., implemented as an expandable member and / or a gimbal. The rear sensor positioning element 106B can couple the rear sensor 104B to the rear portion 102C. The rear sensor positioning element 106B can be designed to adjust the distance and / or orientation of the rear sensor 104B in one or more degrees of freedom (e.g., six), e.g., implemented as an expandable member and / or a gimbal. The front sensor positioning element 106A and / or the rear sensor positioning element 106B can adjust the distance and / or orientation of the respective front sensor 104A and / or rear sensor 104B to conform to the shape of the surface of the thorax that it contacts.

[0069] Exemplary sensors 104A and / or 104B include electromagnetic transceivers and ultrasound emitters. Alternatively or additionally, the sensors 104A and / or 104B are interchangeable and / or can incorporate therapeutic elements. Exemplary sensors and / or therapeutic elements 104A-B include therapeutic application elements, energy applicators for direct therapy, ultrasound focused by ultrasound emitters, radiofrequency energy emitted by radiofrequency emitters, radiation therapy applicators by radiation elements, and / or for applying or administering or extracting substances, e.g., via injectors or transdermal administration, and / or for imaging probes.

[0070] Sensors 104A and / or 104B can be connected to holding mechanism 102 using manual and / or automatic extension arms (e.g., front and back sensor positioning elements 106A-B) to better conform to and / or fit a patient's thorax. The extension arms can optionally include a measuring element (e.g., a ruler, a sensor) allowing quantification of the extension to assess the effect of the extension on sensor positioning.

[0071] Sensors 104A and / or 104B can be extended from their respective housings to the subject's body to produce an effect of increased adhesion, for example, by being pushed by a spring.

[0072] Front portion 102B (or front sensor positioning element 106A) can include a label element 112. Label element 112 is configured to, when in use, further adjust the position of front sensor 104A (or front sensor positioning element 106A) relative to the chest to a position corresponding to the target region when the label element contacts the suprasternal notch of the target individual. Label element 112 facilitates correct further adjustment of the position of front sensor 104A.

[0073] Back positioning element 108 includes a collar 114 at its caudal region, designed to be applied to the anatomical location of the base of the shoulder line and / or the back of the neck; and / or an elongated element 150 with position markers 150A for positioning at a defined anatomical marker location parallel to the long axis of the spine of the back of the target individual. When in use, back positioning element 108 is configured to position the back portion 102C of the holding mechanism at a defined position relative to the target individual, front sensor 104A and / or back sensor 104B are correctly positioned to transmit energy to and / or sense energy from the target region. When in use, collar 114 sets the height of the back positioning element 108, and replaces the height of the back portion of the holding mechanism 102 and the back sensor 104B.

[0074] Position markers 150A can be implemented, for example, as notches, holes, markings and / or other visually visible and / or physically unique features of elongated element 150 of back positioning element 108.

[0075] Back positioning element 108 can include an adjustment mechanism 110 for adjusting the position of holding mechanism 102 relative to back positioning element 108, optionally in a two-dimensional plane substantially parallel to the back of the target individual (e.g., continuously and / or in steps). The adjustment is made to accommodate different sizes of thorax, to position the front sensor and / or the back sensor at the correct target region of different sizes of thorax. Adjustment mechanism 110 can be integrated within elongated element 150, as described herein.

[0076] The dimensions and shape of the holding mechanism 102 and the rear positioning element 108 are configured for positioning the front sensor 104A and / or the rear sensor 104 within the target area across one region, for example, the group consisting of: left lung, right lung, middle lobe of right lung, upper lobe of right lung, lower lobe of right lung, upper lobe of left lung, lower lobe of right lung, heart, trachea, and combinations thereof.

[0077] The device 100 can be used for achieving correct positioning of applicators, probes, sensors, etc. at any location of the thorax of the subject, including, for example, at the left side of the thorax of the subject.

[0078] The positioning of the device 100 on the thorax allows for positioning of external elements in relation to internal organs of the body of the subject. For example, in relation to the right lung, left lung, heart, trachea, etc. The positioning can be designed to avoid specific organs, for example, diaphragm, spine, clavicle, etc.

[0079] Variations of the device 100 include, for example, replacement and / or inclusion of applicators and / or treatment elements and / or probes in addition to front sensors and / or rear sensors, single sensor at the front side and / or at the back side, multiple sensors at the front side and / or at the back side.

[0080] Other additional optional components that can be connected to the device 100 are now described.

[0081] Optionally, the device 100 includes and / or is connected to a computing device 116, for example, one or more of: a server, a computing cloud, a mobile device, a desktop computer, a virtual machine, a virtual server, a computing cloud, a thin client, a smartphone, a tablet, a laptop, a wearable computer, glasses computer, and a watch computer. The computing device 116 can be integrated (all or some components and / or features) into the device 100. The computing device 116 can be implemented as an additional component of an existing workstation and / or other device, for example, for presenting a GUI created from processing of sensor data.

[0082] The computing device 116 can receive output of the sensors 104A and / or 104B (e.g., raw signals and / or processed signals, for example, digital signals converted from analog measurements produced by the sensors), optionally via one or more sensor interfaces 130, for example, a wired connection (e.g., a physical port, for example, a cable connecting the sensor and the port), a wireless connection (e.g., an antenna), a local bus, a port for connecting a data storage device, a network interface card, other physical interface implementations and / or a virtual interface (e.g., a software interface, a virtual private network (VPN) connection, an application programming interface (API), a software development kit (SDK).

[0083] The device 100 can be constructed of materials including, for example, plastics, metals, rubber components, nylon, silicone, PU polyurethane, polycarbonate, ABS, ABS (separated from PC), PC-ABS, and combinations of the foregoing, depending on considerations of mechanical properties such as rigidity, weight, durability, etc.

[0084] The computing device 116 can control the energy transmission of the sensor 104A and / or 104B, for example, by sending a signal via the sensor interface 130. The sensor interface can selectively include an electronic module for generating and / or receiving and / or processing analog or digital sensor signals.

[0085] The computing device 116 can include one or more computing features described herein executed by locally stored software (e.g., code 132A stored in memory 132 when executed by hardware processor 120) and / or can function as one or more servers (e.g., network servers, web servers, computing clouds, virtual servers) that provide services to one or more clients 140 and / or one or more servers 138 (e.g., reference Figure 1 one or more actions described herein), for example, central processing of remotely collected sensor data. Such services can be provided via network 136, for example, providing software as a service (SaaS) to client terminals 140, providing applications for local download to client terminals 140, as an add-on to a web browser and / or other sensor processing applications, and / or providing functionality to client terminals 140 using remote access sessions, for example, through a web browser, an application programming interface (API), and / or a software development kit (SDK).

[0086] Optionally, the computing device 116 controls the activation of the front sensor 104A and / or the rear sensor 104B and / or receives the output of the front sensor 104A and / or the rear sensor 104B and calculates an estimate of the fluid volume within the target tissue (e.g., lung) of the target individual from the output.

[0087] The hardware processor 120 can be implemented, for example, as a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a digital signal processor (DSP), and an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The processor 120 can include one or more processors (homogeneous or heterogeneous) that can be arranged to process in parallel, as a cluster, and / or as one or more multi-core processing units.

[0088] Memory 132 (also referred to herein as program memory and / or data storage device) stores code instructions for execution by hardware processor 120, e.g., random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), and / or storage, e.g., non-volatile memory, magnetic media, semiconductor storage, hard disk, removable storage, and optical media (e.g., DVD, CD-ROM). For example, memory 132 can store code 132A implementing one or more computing functions described herein.

[0089] Computing device 116 can include data storage 122 for storing data, e.g., signals received from sensors. Data storage 122 can be implemented as, e.g., memory, local hard disk, removable storage, optical disk, storage, and / or as a remote server and / or computing cloud (e.g., accessed over network 136).

[0090] Computing device 116 can include data interface 134, optionally a network interface for connecting to network 136, e.g., one or more of a network interface card, a wireless interface for connecting to a wireless network, a physical interface for connecting to a cable for network connection, a virtual interface implemented in software, network communication software providing a higher layer of network connectivity, and / or other implementations. Computing device 116 can use network 136 to access one or more remote servers 138, e.g., for obtaining updates to code 132A and / or for obtaining other data (e.g., patient medical data from a patient’s EMR).

[0091] It should be noted that sensor interface 130 and data interface 134 can be implemented as a single interface (e.g., a network interface, a single software interface) and / or as two separate interfaces, e.g., a software interface (e.g., as an API, a network port) and / or a hardware interface (e.g., two network interfaces) and / or a combination (e.g., a single network interface and two software interfaces, two virtual interfaces over a common physical interface, virtual networks over a common network port). The term / component sensor interface 130 can sometimes be interchangeable with the term data interface 134.

[0092] Computing device 116 can use network 134 (or another communication channel, e.g., over a direct link (e.g., cable, wireless) and / or an indirect link (e.g., via an intermediate computing device, e.g., a server and / or via a storage device) to communicate with one or more of the following: server 138, client terminal 140, and / or sensors and / or other devices, e.g., according to different architectural embodiments described herein.

[0093] The computing device 116 includes and / or is in communication with a user interface 118 that includes mechanisms designed to enable a user to input data (e.g., input patient identity) and / or to view data (e.g., analysis of signals collected by the sensors). For example, an exemplary user interface 116 includes one or more of a touchscreen, a display, a keyboard, a mouse, augmented reality glasses, virtual reality glasses, and voice-activated software using a speaker and a microphone. The user interface 116 can include a graphical user interface (GUI) presented on a display that is designed to enable a user to input data and / or view data.

[0094] Reference is now made to Figure 2 , Figure 2 is an exemplary embodiment of a device for positioning a front sensor 204A and / or a back sensor 204B across a thorax of a target patient, in accordance with some embodiments of the present application. The components of the device 200 can be based on, combined with, and / or replaced with the components of the device 100 described above with reference to Figure 1 The components of the device 100 described above with reference to

[0095] The device 200 includes a holding mechanism 202 that includes an arcuate portion 202A, an elongated front portion 202B, and an elongated back portion 202C, as described herein. The holding mechanism 202 is shaped as a U with a first arm shorter than a second arm. The front portion 202B of the holding mechanism 202 corresponds to the first arm of the U. The back portion 202C corresponds to the second arm. The arcuate portion 202A corresponds to the curve of the U.

[0096] An optional front sensor positioning element 206A couples the front sensor 204A to the front portion 202B. The front sensor positioning element 206A is configured to adjust the orientation of the front sensor 204A to contact the chest of the target individual corresponding to the target region, e.g., including a gimbal. An optional back sensor positioning element 206B couples the back sensor 204B to the back portion 202C. The back sensor positioning element 206B is configured to adjust the orientation of the back sensor 204B to contact the back of the target individual corresponding to the target region, e.g., including a gimbal.

[0097] Optionally, the front sensor positioning element 206A includes a tag element 212, as described herein.

[0098] The device 200 includes a back positioning element 208, as described herein, that includes an elongated element 250, an optional adjustment mechanism 210, and an optional collar 214.

[0099] The device 200 can include an optional extendable arm 280 as described herein to better conform to and / or accommodate the thorax of the patient.

[0100] Reference is now made to Figure 3 , Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of a separate holding mechanism 202 according to some embodiments of the application, which is not connected to the rear positioning element.

[0101] Reference is now made to Figure 4 , Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of a side view of the device when not in use. The holding mechanism 202 includes multiple rigid regions (e.g. curved portions 202A and / or elongated front portion 202B and / or elongated rear portion 202C) connected by multiple spring loaded hinges 252 designed to adjust a distance between the front sensor 204A and the rear sensor 204B and selectively exert a spring force to push the rear sensor 204B and / or the front sensor 204A towards the thorax of the target individual. Alternatively or additionally, the holding mechanism 202 is configured to be biased to urge the front sensor 204A and / or front sensor positioning element 206A, the rear sensor 204B and / or rear sensor positioning element 206B to close towards each other, for example, the holding mechanism 202 is made of a material having elastic properties, for example, a metal, a plastic combined with a spring and / or a rubber. In use, when the distance 254 is increased to accommodate the thorax, the holding mechanism 202 exerts a force to urge the front sensor 204A and / or front sensor positioning element 206A, the rear sensor 204B and / or rear sensor positioning element 206B to close towards each other, which urges the front sensor 204A against the chest and the rear sensor 204B against the back.

[0102] Alternatively or additionally, the front sensor positioning element 206A and / or the rear sensor positioning element 206B can include a mechanism (e.g. a spring, an inflatable member) for extending the respective sensor 204A-B from the housing towards the thorax to create the effect of increased contact force.

[0103] Optionally, the elongated front portion 202B and / or the elongated rear portion 202C include multiple rigid regions connected by hinges, optionally spring loaded. Such a design can better accommodate the shape and / or size of the thorax.

[0104] For example, other variations in structural design may include: fewer or more rigid areas, other mechanical structures that allow for changes in distance 254 and / or force, such as using tightening bands to apply force directly between sensors and / or through retaining mechanisms and / or using lead screws with similar clamp designs.

[0105] The force applied by the elements 202B-C of the holding mechanism 202 can be used to achieve proper contact with the thorax (e.g., effectively coupling energy into and / or out of the thorax, such as electromagnetic, electric, ultrasonic, etc.) and / or to achieve a stable application in which the device 200 is applied and held on the thorax.

[0106] Now for reference Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a device 200 according to some embodiments of the present invention, wherein the holding mechanism 202 is depicted in use at a maximum distance 254 and / or a distance 254 between the front sensor 204A and the rear sensor 204B. It should be noted that, in most cases, the maximum distance may not be reached in use.

[0107] Optionally, device 200 includes one or more elements for calculating a distance 254 between front sensor 204A and rear sensor 204B when the device is in use. Exemplary elements for calculating distance 254 include: automatically measuring circumferential distance directly from a sensor located in a holding mechanism, based on information obtained from an angular or linear measurement sensor (e.g., using a potentiometer-based optical encoder or an extendable arm located in a hinge of a multi-section hinge design described herein), the holding mechanism including an adjustable component (e.g., including an extension element) that allows the position and / or orientation of the sensor relative to the holding mechanism to be adjusted in a measurable manner.

[0108] Now for reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a rear positioning element 208 according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0109] The rear positioning element 208 includes an adjustment mechanism 210 for adjusting the rear portion of the retaining mechanism. Figure 6 The relative position between the retaining mechanism 202 (not shown in the image) and the rear positioning element 208. The retaining mechanism 202 can be connected to the adjusting mechanism 210 via a connector 258.

[0110] Adjustment mechanism 210 can be designed to adjust the position of the posterior portion of holding mechanism 202C within a dimension substantially parallel to the back of the target individual and / or within a two-dimensional plane substantially parallel to the back of the target individual. Alternatively, adjustment mechanism 210 is implemented as a plurality of stop station selectors 210A-D arranged in a two-dimensional pattern parallel to the back of the target individual, for example, shown as "A" 210A, "B" 210B, "C" 210C, and "D" 210D. It should be noted that connector 258 is depicted as being connected to a fifth stop station selector. Each stop station selector 210A-D (and stop station selectors not shown) is disposed at a predetermined position on elongated portion 250 of posterior positioning element 208 for setting a different relative position of the posterior portion of holding mechanism 202C relative to posterior positioning element 208. For example, the positions of the stop selectors can be selected to accommodate different patient populations having thicker (anteroposterior measurement) and / or longer (measured along the head-to-foot direction) thoracic cavities.

[0111] As described herein, the caudal region of posterior positioning element 208 (i.e., toward the head) is connected to a collar 214 disposed to fit the base of the back of the neck and / or the shoulder line of the target individual. Collar 214 is sized and / or shaped to fit the target anatomical location of the base of the back of the neck and / or the shoulder line. Alternatively, collar 214 is made of a substantially rigid material, for example, plastic and / or metal, as described in additional detail with reference to Figure 11 .

[0112] In use, posterior positioning element 208 is positioned on the back of the target individual by matching the position markers of elongated element 250 to the target anatomical locations on the spine and / or collar 214 to the target anatomical locations on the back of the neck. For vertical positioning, posterior positioning element 208 is applied to the back of the patient with the collar-like rigid and / or semi-rigid element 214 positioned on and against one or both sides of the neck and / or the shoulder line of the subject. Collar 214 is disposed for positioning posterior positioning element 208 relative to the base of the neck / shoulder line. For correct lateral positioning, elongated element 250 is aligned with the spine, optionally using a notched spinal alignment element to allow simultaneous positioning of the spine by touch and alignment of posterior positioning element 208. As an alternative to notching, alignment with the spine can be accomplished by a hole in posterior positioning element 208 in which a finger can fit to feel the spine and / or a pointer.

[0113] In other embodiments, lateral positioning of the posterior positioning element is accomplished using only a symmetrical collar element (e.g., using an upper portion element such as 1104) that centers the posterior positioning element when positioned at the anatomical marker location.

[0114] Another adjustable connector 256 is designed for connecting to the holding mechanism 202 to further stabilize the holding mechanism 202 relative to the posterior positioning element 208.

[0115] Reference is now made to Figure 7 , Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of a device 200 according to some embodiments of the application, wherein the holding mechanism 202 is connected to the posterior positioning element 208 via connectors 256 and 258. As described herein, the connectors 256 and 258 can be adjustable for adjusting the position and / or orientation of the holding mechanism 202 relative to the posterior positioning element 208. The connectors 256 and 258 can form a permanent connection or can also be detachable, for example, using a click mechanism.

[0116] Optionally, the posterior positioning element 208 can be detached from the holding mechanism 202 and / or can be detachable, and correct positioning of the sensors 204A-B can be achieved by separately applying the positioning mechanism 208 on the thorax of the target individual according to the anatomical landmarks described herein (e.g., the collar fixed to the base of the back of the neck), and by positioning the holding mechanism 202 relative to the posterior positioning element 208 to the posterior positioning element 208 and / or by visually aligning the markings on the holding mechanism 202 with the markings on the posterior positioning element 208 as described herein, by mechanically coupling the holding mechanism 202 to the posterior positioning element 208.

[0117] The phrase mechanical coupling as used herein can sometimes represent the use of elements (e.g., connectors) described herein, through which the posterior positioning element is used to set a position on the thorax, and the holding mechanism is positioned in a position relative to the posterior positioning element, for example, by mechanical connection and / or by alignment of elements, wherein the holding mechanism and posterior positioning element do not necessarily have physical contact.

[0118] The coupling of the posterior positioning element to the holding mechanism including the sensors optionally positions the posterior sensors relative to the posterior positioning element so as to achieve a specific predefined position of the posterior sensors relative to the anatomical landmark position.

[0119] Using the adjustment mechanism 210, the mechanical coupling can be adjusted to achieve different, determined and / or quantifiable positions of the sensors relative to the anatomical landmark position.

[0120] Reference is now made to Figure 8 , Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of a holding mechanism 202 of a device 200 according to some embodiments of the application, shown independently of the posterior positioning element. As described herein, the holding mechanism 202 can be connected to the posterior positioning element 208 via connectors 256 and 258. Figure 8As shown, the tag element 212 is mechanically coupled to the front sensor positioning element 206A (e.g., connected to the front side of the front sensor positioning element), which is connected to the front sensor 204A. As described herein, the tag element 212 is positioned so that, during use, when the tag element 212 is positioned at the substernal notch of the target individual, the front sensor 204A is positioned in the correct location to deliver energy to and / or receive energy from the target region of the patient.

[0121] Reference is now made to Figure 11 , Figure 11 is a schematic illustration of an exemplary implementation of a collar 1114 for height positioning in a rear positioning element, in accordance with some embodiments of the present application. The collar 1114 is attached to a portion of the rear positioning element, optionally to an upper (i.e., caudal direction) region thereof, as described herein. Schematic reference 1100A is a side view of a subject 1102 wearing the collar 1114. Schematic reference 1100B is a rear view of the subject 1102 wearing the collar 1114. The collar 1114 includes an upper portion 1104 made of a relatively more flexible material, while a lower portion 1106 is made of a relatively more rigid material. The upper portion 1104 is designed to fit the upper rear side of the neck, and the lower portion 1106 is designed to fit the base of the neck / shoulder.

[0122] The collar 1114 is designed as a height positioner based on anatomical markers of the shoulder line and / or the base of the neck, for defining a height relative to the anatomical markers. The collar 1114 includes a lower portion 1106 sized and shaped to rest on the shoulder of the subject. Optionally, the height of the attached rear positioning element is defined to within about 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 cm or other values. The upper portion 1104 is designed to optionally center the attached rear positioning element with respect to the neck. Optionally, the spine serves as a centering anatomical marker. Optionally, the upper portion 1104 is designed to at least partially encircle the neck on both sides, to an extent sufficient to center the rear positioning element, e.g., an arc of about 40-60 degrees, or about 80-100 degrees, or about 150-210 degrees, or about 215-300 degrees, or about 245-270 degrees, or about 245-315 degrees, or more than 40 degrees, or more than 50 degrees, or more than 90 degrees, or more than 120 degrees, centered on the middle of the rear side of the neck, extending around the circumference of the neck, or other range values. The upper portion 1104 is designed to conform to necks of different sizes, e.g., about 6-18 cm in diameter. Optionally, the upper portion 1104 has a semi-circular design, with at least one region of the collar having a rigidity of less than about 100 or 400 or 1000 kN x mm 2 or other values.

[0123] Reference is now made to Figure 12 , Figure 12 is a schematic illustration of a close-up view of a collar for height positioning in a posterior positioning element, according to some embodiments of the application. Collar 1214 is connected to the posterior positioning element, as described herein. Collar 1214 can be implemented as Figure 11 collar 1114 of FIG. 11a, Figure 1 collar 114 of FIG. 11b, Figure 2 collar 214 of FIG. 21 (and as shown in other figures), other implementations described herein and / or combinations thereof

[0124] Reference is now made to Figures 9A to 9C , Figures 9A to 9C is a schematic illustration and / or image of an example of a positioning device 200 on a target individual 970, according to some embodiments of the application. Device 200 is as described herein, for example, as described with reference to Figures 1 to 8 . Device 200 can be positioned on individual 970 as described herein, for example, as described with reference to Figure 10 . Notably, as described herein, cable 972 connects the device with a computing device. Figure 9A is a perspective view of patient 970 wearing device 200. Figure 9B is a front view. Figure 9C is a back view.

[0125] Reference is now made to Figure 10 , Figure 10 is a flowchart of a method for positioning anterior and / or posterior sensors across a thorax of a target individual, according to some embodiments of the application. Figure 10 The method of FIG. 10 can be used with devices described herein, for example, as described with reference to Figures 1 to 9A through 9c.

[0126] At 1002, a patient is selected, for example, for treatment by the sensor and / or for data collection by the sensor.

[0127] At 1004, a possible preset position relative to the holding mechanism and relative to the posterior positioning element can be selected, optionally using adjustment mechanisms. The selection can be made according to the size of the thorax.

[0128] The selection of the setting of the holding mechanism can be based on different data relating to characteristics of the target individual, for example, anatomical dimensions, weight, height, thorax dimensions, physical condition, age, illness and / or medical conditions, for example, conditions affecting the anatomy of the patient. For example, for taller subjects (for example, subjects over 155 cm), a plurality of stop stations are selected, for example, with reference to Figure 6The lower stop station 210C or 210D. In other examples, for subjects with a bust size greater than a threshold value, for example, a circumferential distance between sensors greater than another threshold value, the selectable stop station is the rightmost stop station 210B or 210D. The stop station can be automatically selected by code based on automatic (e.g., from an angle sensor of a hinge of a holding mechanism) or manual input of characteristics of the target individual.

[0129] In other embodiments, the holding mechanism can be of a fixed size (e.g., disposable), wherein different sizes of holding elements can be used, and the holding element can be selected for each target individual according to data related to characteristics of the target individual, for example, anatomical size, weight, height, thoracic size, body condition, age, illness, and / or medical condition, for example, a condition affecting the patient's anatomy.

[0130] At 1006, the posterior positioning element is positioned on the patient's back.

[0131] Optionally, a positioning marker at a bottom region of the elongated element of the posterior positioning element is positioned at a target position on the spine. When the positioning marker is in place, the elongated element is parallel to and above the long axis of the spine of the target individual. Alternatively or additionally, the collar of the posterior positioning element is positioned at the base of the back of the neck and / or shoulder line of the target individual.

[0132] At 1008, the holding mechanism is positioned above the thorax of the patient. The holding mechanism can be positioned on the left or right side of the patient.

[0133] The arcuate portion of the holding mechanism is positioned on the left or right shoulder of the target individual, such that the front and back sensors are positioned across the thorax.

[0134] In one example, the apparatus is configured to position the back sensor between about 2 and 9 centimeters medial to the long axis of the spine, and between about 8 and 30 centimeters below the upper end of the vertebral process of the target patient, for example, when the sensors are electromagnetic sensors and about 30% of the effective electromagnetic capture and / or transmission area of the electromagnetic sensor is in the set target area.

[0135] It should be noted that 1006 and 1008 can be performed substantially simultaneously and / or repeatedly and / or sequentially, for example, by connecting the holding mechanism to the connector of the posterior positioning element, first performing 1006, and then performing 1008.

[0136] At 1010, the position of the tag element of the holding mechanism is adjusted to the suprasternal notch, placing the front sensor in the correct anatomical position.

[0137] At 1012, energy (e.g., RF, EM, ultrasound) can be transmitted from the front and / or back sensors to a target region of a target individual, e.g., a lung, a lobe of a lung, an anatomical region of a lung, a heart, a trachea, and / or other locations. Energy can be transmitted for diagnosis and / or treatment (e.g., ablation).

[0138] At 1014, the front and / or back sensors measure energy transmitted through and / or reflected from the target region.

[0139] At 1016, one or more values are calculated based on the output of the sensors, e.g., the amount of fluid in the target region (e.g., lung, lung base), and / or instructions for adjusting the applied treatment energy.

[0140] At 1018, the target individual (i.e., patient) can be diagnosed and / or treated based on the calculated values, e.g., treatment to remove excess fluid in the lung and / or treatment by ablation energy.

[0141] It is expected that many related sensors will be developed during the life of this patent, and the term sensor is intended to include all such new technologies.

[0142] As used herein, the term "about" means ± 10 %.

[0143] The terms "comprising," "including," "containing," "having," and their variations, mean "including but not limited to."

[0144] The term "consisting of means "including and limited to."

[0145] The term "consisting essentially of means that the composition, method or structure can include additional ingredients, steps, and / or parts, but only if the additional ingredients, steps, and / or parts do not materially alter the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed composition, method or structure.

[0146] As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, the term "a compound" or "at least one compound" can include a plurality of compounds, including mixtures thereof.

[0147] In this application, various embodiments of the application can be presented in a range format. It should be understood that the description in range format is merely for convenience and brevity and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the application to a range. Therefore, the description of a range should be considered as an inclusion of all possible subranges and individual numbers within that range. For example, description of a range such as from 1 to 6 should be considered to include individual numbers within the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, as well as subranges like from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6 etc. This applies regardless of the breadth of the range.

[0148] Whenever numerical ranges are indicated in this document, any cited number (fractional or integral) within the indicated range is intended to be included. The phrases "ranging / ranges between" a first indicate number and a second indicate number and "ranging / ranges from" a first indicate number "to" a second indicate number are used herein interchangeably and are meant to include the first and second indicate numbers, as well as any numerical

[0149] As used herein the term "method" refers to manners, means, techniques and procedures for accomplishing a given task including, but not limited to, those manners, means, techniques and procedures either known to, or readily developed from known manners, means, techniques and procedures by practitioners of the chemical, pharmacological, biological, biochemical and medical arts.

[0150] As used herein the term "treatment" includes abrogating, substantially inhibiting, slowing or reversing the progression of a condition, substantially ameliorating a clinical or aesthetic symptom of a condition or substantially preventing the appearance of clinical or aesthetic symptoms of a condition.

[0151] It should be understood that certain features of the application described in the context of separate embodiments can also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features of the application described in the context of a single embodiment can also be provided separately or in any appropriate

[0152] All publications, patents and patent applications mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference. In addition, citation or identification of any reference in this application shall not be construed as an admission that such reference is available as prior art to the present application. To the extent that section headings are used, they should not be construed as necessarily limiting. In addition, any priority document(s) of this application is / are hereby incorporated by reference in its / their entirety.

Claims

1. A device for locating at least one front sensor and at least one rear sensor in a target region spanning the thorax of a target individual, characterized in that: The device includes: A rear positioning element, including: (i) A ring, the size and shape of which are used to fit at the base of a shoulder line and a rear part of a neck of the target individual; (ii) An elongated element having a first end region and a second end region, the first end region being connected to the collar, and the second end region having a location mark, the location mark being configured to correspond to a target anatomical feature of the spine of the target individual. When in use, the elongated element is positioned parallel to and above a long axis of the spine on the back of the target individual, and at least one front sensor and at least one rear sensor are positioned relative to the rear positioning element on the patient's thorax, thereby transmitting and / or sensing the target region.

2. The device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The device further includes: a retaining mechanism designed to be coupled to the rear positioning mechanism, the retaining mechanism comprising: (i) A generally curved portion for fitting above one shoulder of the target patient; (ii) an elongated front portion for connecting at least one front sensor to contact a chest of the target individual; and (iii) An elongated rear portion for connecting at least one rear sensor to contact a back of the target individual; When in use, the position of the holding mechanism is set relative to the positioned rear positioning element, and the at least one front sensor and the at least one rear sensor are positioned relative to the rear positioning mechanism on the patient's chest, thereby transmitting and / or sensing the target area.

3. The device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The device further includes: a non-transitory memory storing code that, when executed by at least one hardware processor of a computing device, causes the at least one hardware processor to: control the activation of the at least one rear sensor and the at least one front sensor, receive the outputs of the at least one rear sensor and the at least one front sensor, and calculate an estimate of the fluid content in the target tissue of the target individual based on the outputs of the at least one rear sensor and the at least one front sensor.

4. The device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rear positioning element has an approximate Y shape, the collar has a short upper arm shape approximate to the Y shape, and the elongated element of the rear positioning element has a long arm shape approximate to the Y shape.

5. The device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The retaining mechanism is shaped as a U-shape with a first arm shorter than a second arm, the front portion of the retaining mechanism corresponding to the first arm of the U-shape, the rear portion of the retaining mechanism corresponding to the second arm, and the arcuate portion of the retaining mechanism corresponding to the curve of the U-shape.

6. The device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The rear positioning element further includes: an adjustment mechanism for adjusting a distance between the holding mechanism and the elongated element of the rear positioning element.

7. The device as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism includes a plurality of stop station selectors arranged in a two-dimensional pattern, each of the stop station selectors being set at a predefined position of the holding mechanism to set a different distance of the holding mechanism relative to the elongated element of the rear positioning element.

8. The device as described in claim 7, characterized in that: Each of the plurality of stop station selectors corresponds to a combination of at least one physical and / or anatomical patient parameter.

9. The device as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism adjusts the position of the holding mechanism in a two-dimensional plane that is substantially parallel to the back of the target individual.

10. The device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The anterior component includes at least one tag element configured for use when the at least one tag element is positioned at a defined anatomical marker location on the target individual; and the at least one anterior sensor is positioned relative to the chest at a location corresponding to the target region.

11. The device as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that: The defined anatomical landmarks are selected from the group consisting of the suprasternal notch, clavicle, and sternum.

12. The device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The size and shape of the retaining mechanism and the rear positioning element are configured to position the at least one front sensor and the at least one rear sensor across the target region located within at least one location, the at least one location being selected from the group consisting of the left lung, right lung, right middle lobe, right upper lobe, right lower lobe, left upper lobe, right lower lobe, heart, trachea, and combinations thereof.

13. The device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The device further includes: at least one front sensor positioning element coupled to the at least one front sensor to adjust an orientation of the at least one front sensor to contact the chest of the target individual corresponding to the target region; the at least one front sensor positioning element being coupled to the front portion of the holding mechanism and / or at least one rear sensor positioning element being coupled to the at least one rear sensor to adjust an orientation of the at least one rear sensor to contact the back of the target individual corresponding to the target region; and the at least one rear sensor positioning element being coupled to the rear portion of the holding mechanism.

14. The device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The retaining mechanism includes multiple rigid regions connected by multiple spring-loaded hinges, which are designed to adjust a distance between the at least one front sensor and the at least one rear sensor and to apply a spring force to push the at least one rear sensor and / or the at least one front sensor toward the chest of the target individual.

15. The device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The size and / or shape of the collar is configured to be an arc of approximately 40 to 60 degrees covering the rear of the neck of the target individual.

16. The device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor is selected from the group consisting of electromagnetic (EM) transmitters and / or receivers, ultrasonic transmitters and / or receivers, radio frequency (RF) transmitters and / or receivers, therapeutic elements, chemical injectors, and imaging elements.

17. The device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The retaining mechanism is made of an elastic material that increases the distance between the at least one front sensor and the at least one rear sensor to accommodate the thorax and forces the at least one front sensor and the at least one rear sensor toward each other, wherein, when in use, the retaining mechanism applies force to the at least one front sensor and the at least one rear sensor abutting against the thorax at a position corresponding to the target area.

18. The device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The device is configured to position the at least one posterior sensor approximately 2 to 9 centimeters inside a long axis of the spine and approximately 8 to 30 centimeters below an upper end of a vertebral protrusion of the target patient.

19. The device as claimed in claim 18, characterized in that: The sensor is an electromagnetic transducer, and approximately 30% of the effective electromagnetic capture and / or transmission area of ​​the electromagnetic transducer is located at the set position.

20. The device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The device further includes: a plurality of additional sensors for calculating a distance between the front sensor and the rear sensor when using the device.

21. A method for positioning at least one front sensor and at least one rear sensor in a target region spanning the chest of a target individual, characterized in that: The method includes: Provide the device of claim 2; Position the collar of the rear positioning element on the shoulder line and / or the base of the neck of the target individual; The position mark of the elongated element of the post-positioning element is positioned at a predefined anatomical mark location on a spine of the target individual; Positioning the arcuate portion of the retaining mechanism above one shoulder of the target individual, such that at least one front sensor and at least one rear sensor coupled to the retaining mechanism are positioned across the thorax; and Adjust the position of a tag element coupled to the elongated front portion of the retaining mechanism at a predefined anatomical location on the chest.

22. The method as described in claim 21, characterized in that: The method further includes: transmitting electromagnetic energy across the chest and through the target region of the target individual between the at least one front sensor and the at least one rear sensor; measuring the electromagnetic energy transmitted through the target region; and calculating a fluid content within the target region.

23. The method as described in claim 21, characterized in that: The method further includes: selecting one of the plurality of stop stations of the holding mechanism relative to the elongated element of the rear positioning element, based on one of a plurality of stop stations corresponding to a combination of at least one anatomical and / or physical dimensions of the thorax of the target individual.

24. The method as described in claim 23, characterized in that: The retaining mechanism is connected to the rear positioning element via a connector that is inserted into one of the plurality of stop stations.

Images