A fully automatic gear pushing device for machining longitudinal keyways in internal holes

Abstract

This invention relates to a machining equipment for longitudinal keyways in internal holes, and more particularly to a fully automated machine capable of machining longitudinal keyways in internal holes. A fully automated tooth-pushing machine for machining longitudinal keyways in internal holes includes a machine base, a self-adjusting pusher body, and a reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism. The workpiece to be machined, the self-adjusting pusher body, and the reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism are sequentially arranged on the machine base. The self-adjusting pusher body includes a pusher head mechanism and a pressing-rotating feed mechanism. One end of the pusher head mechanism extends into the workpiece to be machined, and the other end is connected to the pressing-rotating feed mechanism. The pressing-rotating feed mechanism controls each extension and retraction of the pusher head mechanism, achieving automatic feeding of the tooth-pushing depth. One end of the reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism is connected to the sliding part of the self-adjusting pusher body. This invention has a high degree of automation; after successful debugging, the operator only needs to perform simple tasks such as changing parts and periodically replacing the pusher blades, greatly improving production efficiency and releasing production capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a processing equipment for longitudinal keyways in internal holes, and more particularly to a fully automated processing equipment for longitudinal keyways in internal holes. Background Technology

[0002] The mainstream machining method for simple internal longitudinal keyways is planing with a dedicated push cutter. Its main structure consists of a push cutter body with adjustable extension driven by a conical push rod and a telescopic mechanism controlled by a large handwheel and screw. During machining, it often requires two people to work together. One person is responsible for rotating the handwheel to control the feed and retraction of the push cutter, and the other person is responsible for adjusting the extension of the push cutter body. The overall machining efficiency is not high and the utilization rate of human resources is low. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fully automatic tooth-pushing device for machining longitudinal keyways in internal holes, so as to improve the machining efficiency of longitudinal keyways in internal holes and reduce the manpower required for machining.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a fully automatic tooth-pushing device for machining longitudinal keyways in internal holes, comprising a device base, a self-adjusting pusher body, and a reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism; the workpiece to be machined, the self-adjusting pusher body, and the reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism are sequentially arranged on the device base; the self-adjusting pusher body includes a pusher head mechanism and a pressing rotary feed mechanism, one end of the pusher head mechanism extends into the workpiece to machine the longitudinal keyway in the internal hole, and the other end of the pusher head mechanism is connected to the pressing rotary feed mechanism, which controls each extension and retraction of the pusher head mechanism to achieve automatic feeding of the tooth-pushing depth; one end of the reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism is connected to the sliding part of the self-adjusting pusher body, causing the self-adjusting pusher body to reciprocate and extend on the device base.

[0005] Preferably, the pusher head mechanism includes a pusher blade, a pusher cover, a spring, a pusher housing, and a pusher mandrel; one end of the pusher blade is provided with a protrusion, which is made to abut against the radial direction of the pusher mandrel by the pusher cover and the spring, and the other end extends out of the pusher housing to process the longitudinal keyway of the inner hole of the workpiece to be processed; the pusher mandrel is installed in the pusher housing, and the two are axially aligned, and a mandrel gear is installed at the root of the pusher mandrel, and the axial movement of the pusher mandrel is realized by the rotation of the mandrel gear; the cross section of the pusher mandrel in its axial movement range is trapezoidal.

[0006] Preferably, the pressing and rotating feed mechanism includes a pressing rotary, a reversing axial gear, an accelerating gear, and a cylinder cover; the reversing axial gear includes two layers of gears, the outer inner gear meshes with the gear on the pressing rotary, and the inner gear consists of two non-full-tooth gears, an inner ring and an outer ring, with the same number of teeth, meshing with the small gear of the accelerating gear, and the large gear of the accelerating gear meshes with the spindle gear of the pusher head mechanism; both the reversing axial gear and the accelerating gear are installed inside the cylinder cover.

[0007] Preferably, the pressing rotator includes a gear shaft, a ratchet rotating sleeve, a movable limiting pin, a pressing cylinder, and a spring; one end of the gear shaft is provided with a gear, and the other end is inserted into the ratchet rotating sleeve and limited by a nut; the ratchet rotating sleeve has a "Z"-shaped guide groove, and its vertical guide groove is aligned with the axial direction of the ratchet rotating sleeve; the end of the ratchet rotating sleeve away from the ratchet is inserted into the pressing cylinder and limited to the pressing cylinder by the movable limiting pin; the spring is placed inside the pressing cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the vertical guide groove of the ratchet rotating sleeve is provided with a ramp, the depth of the ramp near the ratchet end is greater than the depth of the ramp away from the ratchet end; and a step is provided at the end near the ratchet end.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a rocker arm and a spring mounted on the cylinder cover, with one end of the rocker arm abutting against the ratchet of the ratchet rotating sleeve and the other end connected to the spring.

[0010] Preferably, the reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism includes a base, a motion shaft, a drive shaft, a coupling, and a power unit; the bottom of the base is mounted on the equipment base, and the top is provided with a mounting groove for mounting the motion shaft and the drive shaft; one end of the motion shaft is connected to the sliding part of the self-adjusting pusher body, and the other end is connected to the power unit in sequence through the drive shaft and the coupling; the power unit provides power to the reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, the power unit includes a reversing speed control box and a motor; the reversing speed control box includes a worm, a reversing planetary gear, an acceleration gear A and an acceleration gear B, one end of the worm is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the other end meshes with the reversing planetary gear, the reversing planetary gear drives the acceleration gear A to achieve alternating forward and reverse rotation, and the acceleration gear A adjusts the rotation angle through the acceleration gear B and finally outputs to the drive shaft.

[0012] Preferably, a baffle is provided on the equipment base. The baffle is located between the self-adjusting pusher body and the reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism, close to the pressing and rotating feed mechanism, to realize the auxiliary feed of the pusher blade extension of the self-adjusting pusher body.

[0013] Design principle: After the equipment is reset, the parts to be pushed into the keyway are installed on the equipment. After the motor is started, the various gears and worm gears on the equipment are used to convert the single rotational feed of the motor into a customized action of automatic feed and automatic length adjustment of the pusher, thereby realizing the automatic completion of the pusher operation.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: high degree of automation. After successful debugging, the operator only needs to perform simple tasks such as replacing parts and periodically replacing push blades, which greatly improves production efficiency and releases production capacity. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention (the top view is a side view; the middle view is a top view; and the bottom view is an isometric view).

[0016] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the self-adjusting pusher body structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the pusher head mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the pusher head mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the pressing and rotating feed mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention (half-section of the cylinder cover).

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal gear set structure of the pressing and rotating feed mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention (a, isometric view; b, side view; c, AA sectional view).

[0022] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the installation of the directional alien gear in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the acceleration gear installation in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the pressing and rotating device assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the pressing and rotating device structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the ratchet rotating sleeve structure and working principle of the core component of the pressing rotator structure in this embodiment of the invention;

[0027] Figure 13 This is an exploded view of the reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 14 This is an exploded view of the reversing speed control box structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the internal gear set structure of the variable speed control box in an embodiment of the present invention (a, isometric view; b, top view; c, BB section view; d, AA section view).

[0030] Figure 1-2In the middle, 1. the part to be processed; 2. the self-adjusting pusher body; 3. the reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism; 4. the equipment base; 5. the positioning pin;

[0031] Figure 3 In the middle section, 2-1, pusher head mechanism; 2-2, press-rotary feed mechanism;

[0032] Figure 4-5 In the middle section, 2-1-1, fastening screw; 2-1-2, pusher cap; 2-1-3, spring; 2-1-4, pusher blade; 2-1-5, pusher housing; 2-1-6, pusher spindle; 2-1-7, key; 2-1-8, spindle gear; 2-1-9, tightening nut; 2-1-10, cylinder cover;

[0033] Figure 6-7 In the middle, 2-2-1, nut; 2-2-2, pusher housing; 2-2-3, bolt; 2-2-4, cylinder cover; 2-2-5, pressing rotator; 2-2-6, reversing planetary gear; 2-2-7, bolt; 2-2-8, acceleration gear; 2-2-9, gear; 2-1-8, spindle gear;

[0034] Figure 8 In the middle section, 2-1-5, pusher housing; 2-2-6, directional planetary gear; 2-2-10, tightening nut; 2-2-11, thrust roller bearing;

[0035] Figure 9 In the middle section, 2-1-5, pusher housing; 2-2-8, acceleration gear; 2-2-11, thrust roller bearing; 2-2-4, cylinder cover; 2-2-10, tightening nut;

[0036] Figure 10 In the middle section, 2-2-11, thrust roller bearing; 2-2-10, tightening nut; 2-2-5, pressing rotator; 2-2-14, rocker arm; 2-2-12, spring; 2-2-4, cylinder cover; 2-2-13, pusher housing;

[0037] Figure 11 In the middle, 2-5-1, rubber anti-collision pad; 2-5-2, spring washer; 2-5-3, pressing cylinder; 2-5-4, movable limit pin; 2-5-5, spring; 2-5-6, nut; 2-5-7, ratchet rotating sleeve; 2-5-8, gear shaft;

[0038] Figure 13 In the middle section, 3-1, connecting joint; 3-2, motion shaft; 3-3, drive shaft; 3-4, base; 3-5, coupling; 3-6, reversing speed control box; 3-7, motor;

[0039] Figure 14-15In the diagram, 3-6-1, connecting bolt; 3-6-2, nut A; 3-6-3, thrust roller bearing A; 3-6-4, directional planetary gear; 3-6-5, nut B; 3-6-6, thrust roller bearing B; 3-6-7, accelerator gear A; 3-6-8, nut C; 3-6-9, thrust roller bearing C; 3-6-10, accelerator gear B; 3-6-11, housing; 3-6-12, cover plate; 3-6-13, thrust roller bearing D; 3-6-14, connecting nut; 3-6-15, thrust roller bearing E; 3-6-16, nut C; 3-6-17, worm gear; 3-6-18, nut D. Detailed Implementation

[0040] It should be noted that the terms "left," "right," "upper," and "lower" are used to describe the situation as shown in the accompanying drawings or in the usual usage, and those skilled in the art should understand them in accordance with the technical solution of this invention.

[0041] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-15 The present invention will be further described in detail as follows: A fully automatic tooth-pushing device for machining longitudinal keyways in internal holes, such as... Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes a device base 4, a self-adjusting pusher body 2, and a reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism 3; the workpiece to be processed 1, the self-adjusting pusher body 2, and the reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism 3 are sequentially arranged on the device base 4; the self-adjusting pusher body includes a pusher head mechanism 2-1 and a pressing rotary feed mechanism 2-2. One end of the pusher head mechanism 2-1 extends into the workpiece to be processed to process the longitudinal keyway of the inner hole. The other end of the pusher head mechanism 2-1 is connected to the pressing rotary feed mechanism 2-2. The pressing rotary feed mechanism 2-2 controls each extension and retraction of the pusher head mechanism 2-1 to realize automatic feeding of the pusher depth; one end of the reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism 3 is connected to the sliding part of the self-adjusting pusher body 2, so that the self-adjusting pusher body 2 reciprocates and extends on the device base 4.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of this example, Figure 1-2 As shown, the part to be processed is Y-shaped, with its two ends connected to the equipment base 4 via positioning pins 5, and the other end being the end for processing the longitudinal keyway of the inner hole.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of this example, Figure 4-5As shown, the pusher head mechanism 2-1 includes a pusher blade 2-1-4, a pusher cover 2-1-2, a spring 2-1-3, a pusher housing 2-1-5, and a pusher spindle 2-1-6. One end of the pusher blade 2-1-4 is provided with a protrusion, which is made to abut against the radial direction of the pusher spindle 2-1-6 by the pusher cover 2-1-2 and the spring 2-1-3, and the other end extends out of the pusher housing 2-1-5 to process the longitudinal keyway of the inner hole of the part to be processed. In this embodiment, a through hole for inserting the pusher blade 2-1-4 is radially formed in the pusher housing 2-1-5. When the pusher blade 2-1-4 is inserted into the through hole, the spring 2-1-3 is placed on the protrusion, and the pusher cap 2-1-2 is installed onto the pusher housing 2-1-5 by the fastening screw 2-1-1, thereby installing the pusher blade 2-1-4 into the pusher housing 2-1-5. The pusher spindle 2-1-6 is installed inside the pusher housing 2-1-5, and the two are axially aligned. A spindle gear 2-1-8 is installed at the root of the pusher spindle, and the pusher blade 2-1-4 is inserted through the spindle gear 2-1-8. Rotation enables axial movement of the pusher spindle 2-1-6. In this embodiment, the spindle gear 2-1-8 is connected to the pusher spindle 2-1-6 via a key 2-1-7, and the root of the pusher spindle is mounted on the cylinder cover 2-1-10 via a tightening nut 2-1-9. The cross-section of the pusher spindle 2-1-6 within its axial movement range is trapezoidal. In this embodiment, there are four pusher blades 2-1-4, evenly distributed around the circumference of the pusher housing 2-1-5. The cross-section of the pusher spindle 2-1-6 is an isosceles trapezoid, and its axial movement controls the extension amount of the pusher blades.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment of this example, Figure 6-9 As shown, the pressing and rotating feed mechanism 2-2 includes a pusher housing 2-2-2, a cylinder cover 2-2-4, a pressing and rotating mechanism 2-2-5, a reversing axial gear 2-2-6, an accelerating gear 2-2-8, and a cylinder cover 2-2-4. The reversing axial gear 2-2-6 includes two layers of gears. The outer inner gear meshes with the gear 2-2-9 on the pressing and rotating mechanism. The inner gear consists of two non-full-tooth gears, an inner ring and an outer ring, with the same number of teeth, and meshes with the accelerating gear 2-2-8. The small gear of 2-8 meshes with the large gear of the acceleration gear 2-2-8 and the spindle gear 2-1-8 of the pusher head mechanism; the pusher housing 2-2-2 and the cylinder cover 2-2-4 are connected and fixed together by bolts 2-2-3, nuts 2-2-1 and bolts 2-2-7; the directional planetary gear 2-2-6 and the acceleration gear 2-2-8 are both limited in the cavity formed by the thrust roller bearing 2-2-11 and the tightening nut 2-2-10.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment of this example, Figure 10-11As shown, the pressing and rotating device 2-2-5 includes a gear shaft 2-5-8, a ratchet rotating sleeve 2-5-7, a movable limiting pin 2-5-4, a pressing cylinder 2-5-3, and a spring 2-5-5. One end of the gear shaft 2-5-8 is equipped with a gear 2-2-9, which is mounted on the cylinder cover 2-2-4 via a thrust roller bearing 2-2-11 and a tightening nut 2-2-10. The other end is inserted into the ratchet rotating sleeve 2-5-7 and secured by a nut 2-5-6. Limiting is performed; a "Z"-shaped guide groove is opened on the ratchet rotating sleeve 2-5-7, and its vertical guide groove is aligned with the axial direction of the ratchet rotating sleeve. The end of the ratchet rotating sleeve away from the ratchet is inserted into the pressing cylinder 2-5-3, and is limited to the pressing cylinder by the movable limiting pin 2-5-4 and the spring washer 2-5-2; a rubber anti-collision pad 2-5-1 is installed on the end of the pressing cylinder 2-5-3 away from the ratchet rotating sleeve 2-5-7, and the spring 2-5-5 is placed inside the pressing cylinder 2-5-3.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment of this example, Figure 12 As shown, a ramp is provided in the vertical guide groove of the ratchet rotating sleeve 2-5-7, and the depth of the ramp near the ratchet end is greater than the depth of the ramp away from the ratchet end; and a step is provided at the end near the ratchet end.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, it also includes a rocker arm 2-2-14 and a spring 2-2-12 mounted on the cylinder cover. One end of the rocker arm 2-2-14 abuts against the ratchet of the ratchet rotating sleeve 2-5-7, and the other end is connected to the spring 2-2-12.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment of this example, Figure 13-15 As shown, the reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism includes a base 3-4, a motion shaft 3-2, a drive shaft 3-3, a coupling 3-5, and a power unit. The bottom of the base 3-4 is mounted on the equipment base 4, and the top is provided with a mounting groove for mounting the motion shaft 3-2 and the drive shaft 3-3. One end of the motion shaft is connected to the sliding part of the self-adjusting pusher body through a connecting joint 3-1. In this embodiment, the sliding part is the pusher housing 2-2-13. Figure 10 As shown, it has sliding grooves at both ends, which are slidably connected to the slide rails on the equipment base 4, and the other end is connected to the power unit in sequence through the drive shaft and coupling; the power unit provides power for the reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the power unit includes a reversing gearbox 3-6 and a motor 3-7. The reversing gearbox 3-6 includes a worm gear 3-6-17, a reversing planetary gear 3-6-4, an acceleration gear A 3-6-7, and an acceleration gear B 3-6-10. One end of the worm gear 3-6-17 is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the other end meshes with the reversing planetary gear. The reversing planetary gear drives the acceleration gear A to achieve alternating forward and reverse rotation. The acceleration gear A adjusts its rotation angle through the acceleration gear B and ultimately outputs power to the drive shaft. Specifically, as shown... Figure 14-15 As shown, housing 3-6-11 is connected and fixed to cover plate 3-6-12 by connecting bolt 3-6-1 and connecting nut 3-6-14. Variable direction planetary gear 3-6-4 is installed between housing 3-6-11 and cover plate 3-6-12 by nut A3-6-2, thrust roller bearing A3-6-3, thrust roller bearing E3-6-15, and nut C3-6-16. Accelerator gear A3-6-7 is installed on housing 3-6-11 by nut B3-6-5 and thrust roller bearing B3-6-6. Accelerator gear B3-6-10 is installed on housing 3-6-11 by nut C3-6-8 and thrust roller bearing C3-6-9. The other end of worm gear 3-6-17 is installed on the outside of cover plate 3-6-12 by thrust roller bearing D3-6-13 and nut D3-6-18.

[0050] Overall structure and principle of the equipment: see attached document Figure 1-2 The fully automatic tooth-pushing equipment mainly consists of three major components: a base, a self-adjusting pusher body, and a reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism. The base serves to position and clamp the parts, as well as provide a mounting body for the self-adjusting pusher body and the reciprocating feed mechanism. The reciprocating feed mechanism converts the rotation of the motor into the reciprocating extension and retraction of the telescopic rod, thereby driving the pusher body to process the keyway inside the part. The self-adjusting pusher body uses a built-in pressing and rotating mechanism to adjust the extension amount of the pusher body with each extension and retraction movement, thereby achieving automatic feeding of the tooth-pushing depth. Ultimately, it achieves fully automatic tooth-pushing processing after the motor is started.

[0051] Working principle of the self-adjusting pusher body: (Refer to appendix) Figure 3 The self-adjusting pusher body mainly consists of a pusher head mechanism and a pressing and rotating feed mechanism. (See attached diagram.) Figure 4-5 The pusher head mechanism mainly consists of fastening screws, pusher cap, spring, pusher blade, pusher housing, pusher spindle, and cylinder cover. The pusher spindle and pusher housing are precision-machined with a bore and shaft, and the tail is threaded. A gear is mounted at the root of the pusher spindle; the rotation of the gear drives the threaded shaft to achieve axial movement of the pusher spindle. (See attached diagram.) Figure 5The pusher blade engages with a precision groove on the pusher housing and is pre-tightly fixed to the conical surface of the pusher spindle by a pressure cap and spring. When the pusher spindle moves to the left (see attached diagram), the conical surface pushes the pusher blade out; when the pusher spindle moves to the right, the spring pushes the pusher blade back in. (See attached diagram) Figure 6 The pressing and rotating feed mechanism mainly consists of a pressing rotary unit, a reversing planetary gear, and an acceleration gear. Detailed structure of the gear system is shown in the appendix. Figure 7 The reversible alien gear has two layers of gears. The outer inner gear is connected to the gear on the pressing and rotating device. The rotation of the gear on the pressing and rotating device will drive the reversible alien gear to rotate. The inner gear of the reversible alien gear consists of two non-full-tooth gears, an inner ring and an outer ring, with the same number of teeth. They mesh with the gears on the pusher spindle. In this way, even when the reversible alien gear rotates in only one direction, the pusher spindle can be controlled to rotate first in the forward direction and then in the reverse direction, with the rotation degree being equal (because the number of teeth on the inner and outer rings of the reversible alien gear is equal). This allows the pusher blade to extend and retract reciprocally.

[0052] Working principle of the pressing rotator: The pressing rotator is the core component of the entire self-adjusting pusher body. (Refer to the attached document.) Figure 10-11 The pressing and rotating mechanism mainly consists of a pressing cylinder, a movable limit pin, a ratchet rotating sleeve, a gear shaft (including a thrust roller bearing and a tightening nut), a rocker arm, and other parts. After assembly, the pressing and rotating mechanism is installed on the pusher body housing. The gear meshes with the reversing planetary gear. (Refer to the attached diagram.) Figure 11-12 Each push of the pressing cylinder forces the movable limiting pin to move relative to the ratchet rotating sleeve. The vertical guide groove on the rotating sleeve is a slope that is higher at the top and lower at the bottom, and there is a step at the root to restrict it. This ensures that the pin can move straight up along the guide groove, and can only rotate diagonally down along the inclined guide groove. Thus, each press drives the ratchet rotating sleeve to rotate half a turn through the limiting pin. After releasing, the spring inside the pressing rotator drives the pressing sleeve to return to its vertical position (the pin moves along the straight guide rail, passes through the slope, and falls back into the annular guide groove). Ultimately, this achieves the function of making the gear on the pressing device rotate half a turn with each press.

[0053] Working principle of reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism: see attached document Figure 13 The reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism mainly consists of a connecting joint, a motion shaft, a drive shaft, a base, a coupling, a reversing speed control box, and a motor. The reversing speed control box converts the unidirectional rotational motion of the motor into alternating forward and reverse rotation, thereby driving the drive shaft to alternately rotate forward and reverse. The rectangular thread structure on the drive shaft controls the motion shaft to achieve reciprocating extension and retraction, which in turn drives the pusher body to reciprocate through the connecting joint.

[0054] The reversing speed control box is the core component of the entire reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism. (See attached diagram.) Figure 14-15The main gear set of the variable speed control box consists of a worm, a variable planetary gear and two acceleration gears. The worm directly transmits the rotational motion of the motor, thereby driving the variable planetary gear to rotate. The variable planetary gear drives the acceleration gear A to achieve alternating forward and reverse rotation. The rotation angle is then adjusted by the acceleration gear B and finally output to the drive shaft.

[0055] The device converts the rotation of the motor into the reciprocating feed motion of the motion shaft through a reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism, thereby realizing the main feed and push function of pusher and tooth pusher. At the same time, during each push, the pressing rotator on the pusher body is squeezed by the baffle on the base, thereby controlling the pusher to extend and realizing the auxiliary feed of pusher extension, ultimately achieving fully automatic tooth pusher.

[0056] How to use the equipment:

[0057] The equipment is easy to use. Before pushing the teeth, check whether the tooth pusher extends to the minimum value and check whether the equipment has been reset. The reset can be adjusted by adjusting the forward and reverse rotation of the servo motor. After confirming that the equipment has been reset, install the part to be pushed into the keyway on the equipment and start the motor to complete the automatic tooth pushing operation.

[0058] Because the outer diameter of the rotating part of the incomplete tooth structure of the variable-direction alien gear is different, the speed of the output gear in the forward and reverse rotation is different. It can achieve sufficient power and slow speed when pushing the gear, and fast speed when pushing the tool, which is very suitable for the process requirements. The variable-direction speed control box selects the worm gear as the input interface to avoid the inertial reaction of the equipment to the motor, thereby protecting the motor.

[0059] When conditions permit, a stable servo motor can be used to replace the combination of the variable speed control box and the ordinary motor. The servo motor can be controlled by PLC to alternate between forward and reverse rotation, which can also achieve slow feed and fast push.

[0060] The variable alien gear structure in the self-adjusting pusher body ultimately realizes the movement mode of the pusher gradually extending from the initial position to the limit position and then returning to the initial position, which effectively avoids overcutting during machining.

Claims

1. A fully automatic gear-pushing device for machining longitudinal keyways in internal holes, characterized in that: The equipment includes a base, a self-adjusting pusher body, and a reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism. The workpiece to be processed, the self-adjusting pusher body, and the reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism are sequentially arranged on the base. The self-adjusting pusher body includes a pusher head mechanism and a pressing rotary feed mechanism. One end of the pusher head mechanism extends into the workpiece to process the longitudinal keyway of the inner hole. The other end of the pusher head mechanism is connected to the pressing rotary feed mechanism. The pressing rotary feed mechanism controls each extension and retraction of the pusher head mechanism to achieve automatic feeding of the pusher depth. One end of the reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism is connected to the sliding part of the self-adjusting pusher body, so that the self-adjusting pusher body reciprocates and extends on the equipment base; The pusher head mechanism includes a pusher blade, a pusher cover, a spring, a pusher housing, and a pusher spindle; One end of the pusher blade has a protrusion, which is pressed against the radial direction of the pusher mandrel by the pusher cap and spring. The other end extends out of the pusher housing to machine the longitudinal keyway in the inner hole of the workpiece. The pusher mandrel is installed in the pusher housing, and the two are axially aligned. A mandrel gear is installed at the root of the pusher mandrel, and the axial movement of the pusher mandrel is achieved by the rotation of the mandrel gear. The cross-section of the pusher mandrel within its axial movement range is trapezoidal. The pressing rotary feed mechanism includes a pressing rotary, a reversing axial gear, an accelerating gear, and a cylinder cover. The reversing axial gear consists of two layers of gears. The outer inner gear meshes with the gears on the pressing rotary, and the inner gear consists of two non-full-tooth gears with the same number of teeth, which mesh with the small gear of the accelerating gear. The large gear of the accelerating gear meshes with the spindle gear of the pusher head mechanism. Both the reversing axial gear and the accelerating gear are installed inside the cylinder cover. The pressing and rotating mechanism includes a gear shaft, a ratchet rotating sleeve, a movable limiting pin, a pressing cylinder, and a spring. One end of the gear shaft is equipped with a gear, and the other end is inserted into the ratchet rotating sleeve and limited by a nut. The ratchet rotating sleeve has a "Z"-shaped guide groove, and its vertical guide groove is aligned with the axial direction of the ratchet rotating sleeve. The end of the ratchet rotating sleeve away from the ratchet is inserted into the pressing cylinder and limited by the movable limiting pin. The spring is placed inside the pressing cylinder. The reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism includes a base, a motion shaft, a drive shaft, a coupling, and a power unit. The bottom of the base is mounted on the equipment base, and the top is provided with a mounting groove for mounting the motion shaft and the drive shaft. One end of the motion shaft is connected to the sliding part of the self-adjusting pusher body, and the other end is connected to the power unit in sequence through the drive shaft and the coupling. The power unit provides power to the reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism.

2. The fully automatic gear-pushing equipment for machining longitudinal keyways in internal holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical guide groove of the ratchet rotating sleeve is provided with a ramp, the depth of the ramp near the ratchet end is greater than the depth of the ramp away from the ratchet end; and a step is provided at the end near the ratchet end.

3. The fully automatic gear-pushing equipment for machining longitudinal keyways in internal holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a rocker arm and a spring mounted on the cylinder cover, with one end of the rocker arm abutting against the ratchet wheel of the ratchet rotating sleeve and the other end connected to the spring.

4. The fully automatic gear-pushing equipment for machining longitudinal keyways in internal holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power unit includes a reversing gearbox and a motor; the reversing gearbox includes a worm, a reversing planetary gear, an acceleration gear A and an acceleration gear B. One end of the worm is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the other end meshes with the reversing planetary gear. The reversing planetary gear drives the acceleration gear A to achieve alternating forward and reverse rotation. The acceleration gear A adjusts the rotation angle through the acceleration gear B and finally outputs to the drive shaft.

5. The fully automatic gear-pushing device for machining longitudinal keyways in internal holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A baffle is installed on the base of the equipment. The baffle is located between the self-adjusting pusher body and the reciprocating telescopic feed mechanism, close to the pressing and rotating feed mechanism, so as to realize the auxiliary feed of the pusher blade of the self-adjusting pusher body.

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