Human body model for knee joint replacement simulation operation
By designing a knee replacement surgery simulation model that includes a drive motor and detachable connectors, the problems of lack of practical operation and variability in existing models are solved, and anthropomorphic motion simulation is achieved, improving learning effectiveness and training fit.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511659200.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing knee replacement surgery learning models lack practical operation, cannot make anthropomorphic movement judgments, and the vertical three-dimensional structure differs from the supine position during actual surgery, resulting in poor training effects.
A human body model for simulating knee replacement surgery was designed, comprising a base, a knee joint model, a drive motor, an electric telescopic rod, and a support mechanism. The model simulates the bending and extension movements of the knee joint through motor drive and detachable connectors, supporting both vertical and lying positions to achieve a simulation that more closely resembles actual surgery.
This model can achieve human-like knee joint movement simulation, improve learning effectiveness, reduce the difference between simulated surgery and actual surgery, and enhance the fit and flexibility of training.
Smart Images
Figure CN121305973A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the field of human body models, in particular to a human body model for simulating knee joint replacement surgery. BACKGROUND
[0002] In human body structure, the parts often damaged are joints, such as shoulder joint, knee joint and elbow joint. Among them, the knee joint is the largest and most complex joint in the human body, and it is also the joint with the most opportunities for damage. As a trauma doctor, in order to facilitate diagnosis and treatment of the disease, he needs to be very familiar with the knee joint. Therefore, the trauma doctor needs to constantly observe the knee joint teaching model when he is a beginner.
[0003] At present, knee joint replacement is a common treatment for late-stage osteoarthritis. The current methods for learning artificial knee joint replacement are usually theoretical teaching, video broadcasting or simulated surgery. The first two lack practical operation, and students often know the phenomenon but not the reason, which cannot achieve the learning effect; and the existing human body model is mostly a vertical static structure, which cannot be used to judge the success of the surgery after the simulated surgery is completed, and due to the use of vertical structure, there is a difference between the actual operation and the flat state. SUMMARY
[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a human body model for simulating knee joint replacement surgery to improve the scene deficiency and lack of anthropomorphic judgment of the current human body model for simulating knee joint replacement surgery. TECHNICAL SCHEME
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application is realized by the following technical scheme: a human body model for simulating knee joint replacement surgery, comprising a base and a knee joint model, a drive motor is fixedly arranged at the midpoint of the bottom end face of the inside of the base, a drive shaft is fixedly arranged at the output end of the drive motor, an installation seat is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the drive shaft, an electric telescopic rod is fixedly arranged on one side of the outer wall of the installation seat, a support mechanism is fixedly arranged at the midpoint of the upper end face of the installation seat, the support mechanism comprises a first support rod and a second support rod, and the first support rod and the second support rod are connected by a folding assembly to realize 90° overturning; The folding assembly comprises a first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the second support rod, a connecting rod is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the first rotating shaft, a connecting block is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the connecting rod, the connecting block is fixedly connected with the bottom end face of the first support rod, an installation block is fixedly arranged on one side of the outer wall of the first support rod, a sliding groove is formed on one side of the outer wall of the installation block, a screw rod is rotatably arranged in the sliding groove, and a fixed plate is threadedly connected with the outer side of the screw rod; The auxiliary fixing mechanism is provided with a fixed block, a turnover block is rotatably arranged on one side of the fixed block, and a fastening bolt is threadedly connected to the rear end of the fixed block.
[0006] Preferably, a micro motor is fixedly arranged at the midpoint of the upper end surface of the mounting block, and the output end of the micro motor is fixedly connected to one end of the screw rod.
[0007] Preferably, the knee joint model comprises a femur, a fibula and a tibia, the platform inner side and the platform outer side of the tibia are respectively detachably provided with menisci, the menisci are matched with femoral condyles of the femur, and the end surfaces of the femur and the tibia are detachably connected through cruciate ligaments; the outer sides of the femur and the tibia are also movably connected through medial collateral ligaments, the tibia and the fibula are connected through a movable piece, and the fibula is detachably connected with the femur through a lateral collateral ligament.
[0008] Preferably, the outer sides of the femur and the tibia are also provided with patellar ligaments, a patella is arranged between the patellar ligaments and the femur, the patellofemoral surface of the patella is matched with the patellar surface configuration of the femur, and the movable piece is a magnetic attraction block.
[0009] Preferably, an annular groove is arranged between the inner wall of the base and the outer side of the mounting seat, and the electric telescopic rod is embedded in the annular groove.
[0010] Preferably, a groove is formed in the upper end surface of the second support rod, the first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on one side in the groove, and the length of the connecting rod is less than the length of the groove.
[0011] Preferably, when the first support rod and the second support rod are spliced into a vertical shape, the connecting rod and the connecting block are both embedded in the groove.
[0012] The present application provides a human body model for simulating knee joint replacement surgery, which has the following beneficial effects: The application provides a knee joint replacement simulation human body model, which is installed between a fixing plate and an auxiliary fixing mechanism, and the human body model can realize the flexion and extension movement of the knee joint in the human body model through the lifting movement of the fixing plate, so that the smoothness of the flexion and extension movement can be used to judge the success of the simulation operation after the knee joint replacement simulation operation is completed; meanwhile, the human body model can be divided into two use states, one is a vertical display state, which can be convenient for the flexion and extension state of the human body standing and walking, and the other is a lying display state, which can realize the simulation use more close to the clinical operation, ensure that the scene of the simulation operation is more close, and avoid the problem of poor training effect caused by too large difference between the simulation operation and the actual scene; and the whole knee joint human body model can be rotated and adjusted according to the needs, so that the use requirements in different directions can be met, and the human body model is more convenient and fast to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic view of the shaft side structure of the application; Figure 2 It is a schematic view of the folding structure of the application; Figure 1 Figure 3 It is a schematic view of the local enlarged structure of the application; Figure 2 Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the structure of the application from another perspective; Figure 2 It is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A of the application; Figure 5 Figure 3 It is a schematic view of the knee joint model structure of the application; Figure 6 It is a schematic view of the knee joint model structure of the application; Figure 7 It is a schematic view of the structure of the application from another perspective. Figure 6
[0014] Among them, 1, micro motor; 2, sliding groove; 3, knee joint model; 301, femur; 302, medial collateral ligament; 303, meniscus; 304, fibula; 305, tibia; 306, lateral collateral ligament; 4, auxiliary fixing mechanism; 401, turnover block; 403, fastening bolt; 404, fixed block; 5, electric telescopic rod; 6, base; 7, annular groove; 8, mounting seat; 9, supporting mechanism; 901, No. 1 supporting rod; 902, No. 2 supporting rod; 10, fixing plate; 11, mounting block; 12, screw rod; 13, driving shaft; 14, driving motor; 15, No. 1 rotating shaft; 16, groove; 17, connecting rod; 18, connecting block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example
[0016] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a human model for simulating knee replacement surgery, including a base 6 and a knee joint model 3. A drive motor 14 is fixedly installed at the midpoint of the bottom surface inside the base 6. A drive shaft 13 is fixedly installed at the output end of the drive motor 14, and a mounting seat 8 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the drive shaft 13. An electric telescopic rod 5 is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the mounting seat 8. A support mechanism 9 is fixedly installed at the midpoint of the upper surface of the mounting seat 8. An auxiliary fixing mechanism 4 is fixedly installed at the upper output end of the electric telescopic rod 5. The auxiliary fixing mechanism 4 includes a fixing block 404. A flipping block 401 is rotatably installed on one side of the fixing block 404, and a fastening bolt 403 is threaded onto the rear end of the fixing block 404. The upper and lower ends of the knee joint model 3 are respectively connected to the fixing plate 10 and the flipping block 401. Specifically, when the drive motor 14 starts, the drive shaft 13 connected to the output end of the drive motor 14 rotates. After the drive shaft 13 rotates, it drives the mounting base 8 connected to the upper end to rotate as well. Since the electric telescopic rod 5 is installed on the outer wall of the mounting base 8, it drives the electric telescopic rod 5 to rotate as well, thereby realizing the angle rotation adjustment function. The flip block 401 is installed on one side of the fixed block 404 for flipping. When flipping is required, the fastening bolt 403 connected by the outer thread is twisted outward so that it no longer exerts a squeezing and fixing effect on the flip block 401. At this time, the flip block 401 can be flipped. After the flipping is completed, the fastening bolt 403 can be tightened to complete the restriction effect.
[0017] Reference Figures 1-5 The support mechanism 9 includes a first support rod 901 and a second support rod 902. The first support rod 901 and the second support rod 902 are connected by a folding assembly to achieve a 90° rotation. The folding assembly includes a first rotating shaft 15, which is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the second support rod 902. A connecting rod 17 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the first rotating shaft 15. A connecting block 18 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the connecting rod 17 and is fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the first support rod 901. An installation block 11 is fixedly mounted on one side of the outer wall of the first support rod 901. A groove 2 is opened on one side of the outer wall of the installation block 11, and a screw 12 is rotatably mounted inside the groove 2. A fixing plate 10 is threaded onto the outside of the screw 12.
[0018] Specifically, when it is necessary to flip support rod 901 and support rod 902, support rod 901 flips to one side. During the flipping process, support rod 901 drives the connecting block 18 connected to one side to flip as well. Since the connecting block 18 is fixed on the connecting rod 17, and the connecting rod 17 is rotatably mounted on support rod 902 via the first rotating shaft 15, support rod 901 will flip along with the connecting block 18, the connecting rod 17, and the first rotating shaft 15 during the flipping process. Furthermore, since support rod 901 is restricted by the outer wall of support rod 902 after flipping, it can only be flipped up to 90°.
[0019] Reference Figure 1 A micro motor 1 is fixedly installed at the midpoint of the upper surface of the mounting block 11. The output end of the micro motor 1 is fixedly connected to one end of the screw 12. The fixing plate 10 is embedded in the slide groove 2 and slides up and down. Specifically, after the micro motor 1 starts and drives the screw 12 to rotate, the fixing plate 10 of the outer threaded sleeve block can move up and down. Since the fixing plate 10 is slidably set inside the slide groove 2 and its outer wall is in contact with the inner wall of the slide groove 2, it cannot rotate, so it can only move up and down.
[0020] Reference Figures 6-7 The knee joint model 3 includes a femur 301, a fibula 304, and a tibia 305. Menisci 303 are detachably mounted on the medial and lateral sides of the tibial plateau of the tibia 305. The menisci 303 conform to the femoral condyle of the femur 301. The end faces of the femur 301 and the tibia 305 are detachably connected by cruciate ligaments. The lateral sides of the femur 301 and the tibia 305 are also movably connected by the medial collateral ligament 302. The tibia 305 and the fibula 304 are connected by a movable component. The fibula 304 is also detachably connected to the femur 301 by the lateral collateral ligament 306. A patellar ligament is also provided on the lateral sides of the femur 301 and the tibia 305. A patella is located between the patellar ligament and the femur 301, and the patellar articular surface of the patella matches the patellar surface configuration of the femur 301. The movable component is a magnetic block. Specifically, it facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the femur 301 and tibia 305. The tibia 305 and fibula 304 are connected by a movable component to facilitate their disassembly and assembly. The patella is movably mounted on the femur 301 via the patellar ligament to facilitate its disassembly and assembly. In other words, the femur 301, tibia 305, fibula 304, and patella are connected by a detachable connection, facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the model. This allows it to more closely resemble the specific configuration of the knee joint structures that need to be replaced or separated during knee replacement surgery in simulated procedures.
[0021] Reference Figure 1An annular groove 7 is provided between the inner wall of the base 6 and the outer side of the mounting base 8, and the electric telescopic rod 5 is embedded in the annular groove 7; this helps to ensure that the electric telescopic rod 5 is not disturbed during rotation and ensures smooth angle adjustment.
[0022] Reference Figure 1 When the first support rod 901 and the second support rod 902 are spliced into a vertical shape, the connecting rod 17 and the connecting block 18 are both embedded in the groove 16; this ensures the integrity of the first support rod 901 and the second support rod 902 after splicing, resulting in better overall performance.
[0023] Working principle: When in use, the micro motor at the top of the model can be controlled to drive the screw at the output end to rotate. When the screw rotates, it causes the fixed plate, which is threaded on the outside and slidably set inside the groove, to move up and down. Since one end of the knee joint model is connected to the fixed plate and the other end is connected to the auxiliary fixing mechanism, the auxiliary fixing mechanism will not flip under the locking effect of the fastening bolts. Thus, when the fixed plate moves up and down, it causes the knee joint model to form a bending and extension movement similar to the human knee joint. Furthermore, since there is a drive motor at the lower end of the mounting base, the drive motor can drive the mounting base to rotate in a circle after starting, thereby changing the position of the knee joint model and making it convenient to adjust the angle as needed. Secondly, when a knee replacement surgery simulation is needed, the patient usually needs to lie on the operating table. To ensure a close fit, the electric telescopic rod is used to push the auxiliary fixation mechanism upward. Before activating the electric telescopic rod, the fastening bolts are loosened. As the auxiliary fixation mechanism moves upward, the knee joint model is confined between the fixation plate and the flipping block, which applies a pushing force to the first support rod during the upward movement. This causes the first support rod to flip up to 90° along the folding assembly, ultimately allowing the entire knee joint model to be used in a flat position. The knee joint model with multiple detachable components can then be used to simulate the replacement surgery.
[0024] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A human model for simulating knee replacement surgery, comprising a base (6) and a knee joint model (3), characterized in that: A drive motor (14) is fixedly installed at the midpoint of the bottom surface inside the base (6). A drive shaft (13) is fixedly installed at the output end of the drive motor (14), and a mounting seat (8) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the drive shaft (13). An electric telescopic rod (5) is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the mounting seat (8). A support mechanism (9) is fixedly installed at the midpoint of the upper surface of the mounting seat (8). The support mechanism (9) includes a first support rod (901) and a second support rod (902). The first support rod (901) and the second support rod (902) are connected by a folding component to achieve a 90° rotation. The folding assembly includes a first rotating shaft (15), which is rotatably mounted on the upper end of a second support rod (902), and a connecting rod (17) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the first rotating shaft (15). A connecting block (18) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the connecting rod (17), and the connecting block (18) is fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the first support rod (901). An installation block (11) is fixedly mounted on one side of the outer wall of the first support rod (901). A groove (2) is opened on one side of the outer wall of the installation block (11), and a screw (12) is rotatably mounted inside the groove (2). A fixing plate (10) is threaded onto the outside of the screw (12). An auxiliary fixing mechanism (4) is fixedly installed at the upper output end of the electric telescopic rod (5). The auxiliary fixing mechanism (4) includes a fixing block (404). A flipping block (401) is rotatably installed on one side of the fixing block (404), and a fastening bolt (403) is threaded onto the rear end of the fixing block (404). The upper and lower ends of the knee joint model (3) are connected to the fixing plate (10) and the flipping block (401) respectively.
2. The human model for simulating knee replacement surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A micro motor (1) is fixedly installed at the midpoint of the upper surface of the mounting block (11). The output end of the micro motor (1) is fixedly connected to one end of the screw (12). The fixing plate (10) is embedded in the sliding groove (2) and slides up and down.
3. The human model for simulating knee replacement surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knee joint model (3) includes a femur (301), a fibula (304), and a tibia (305). The tibia (305) has a meniscus (303) detachably installed on the medial and lateral sides of its platform. The meniscus (303) fits into the femoral condyle of the femur (301). The end faces of the femur (301) and the tibia (305) are detachably connected by cruciate ligaments. The lateral sides of the femur (301) and the tibia (305) are also movably connected by medial collateral ligaments (302). The tibia (305) and the fibula (304) are connected by a movable component. The fibula (304) is also detachably connected to the femur (301) by lateral collateral ligaments (306).
4. The human model for simulating knee replacement surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The patellar ligament is provided on the outer side of the femur (301) and tibia (305), wherein the patella is provided between the patellar ligament and the femur (301), and the patellar articular surface of the patella matches the patellar surface configuration of the femur (301). The movable component is a magnetic block.
5. The human model for simulating knee replacement surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular groove (7) is provided between the inner wall of the base (6) and the outer side of the mounting base (8), and the electric telescopic rod (5) is embedded in the annular groove (7).
6. The human model for simulating knee replacement surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end face of the second support rod (902) is provided with a groove (16), the first rotating shaft (15) is rotatably disposed inside the groove (16) on one side, and the length of the connecting rod (17) is less than the length of the groove (16).
7. The human model for simulating knee replacement surgery according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the first support rod (901) and the second support rod (902) are spliced into a vertical shape, the connecting rod (17) and the connecting block (18) are both embedded in the groove (16).