Solar cell, cell assembly and photovoltaic system

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar cell, a cell module and a photovoltaic system. A collection grid line of the solar cell extends along a first direction; in the first direction, an interval exists between every two adjacent collection grid lines, and non-like-polarity series connection areas are formed; the bus grid line comprises a plurality of first parts extending in the second direction and at least one second part extending in the first direction; the first part comprises edge main grids, the second part comprises connecting grid lines, and the connecting grid lines are arranged at intervals and connected with the edge main grids; the second direction intersects with the first direction; the insulating glue section comprises collecting insulating glue and confluence insulating glue, the collecting insulating glue covers a part of structure of the collecting grid line, and the confluence insulating glue covers a part of structure of the confluence grid line; wherein in the second direction, the solar cell is divided into an edge region and a middle region; the area of at least one section for collecting the insulation paste in the edge area is larger than that of at least one section for collecting the insulation paste in the middle area.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solar energy, in particular to a solar cell, a cell module and a photovoltaic system. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a kind of efficient, clean energy conversion device, solar cell is widely used in various photovoltaic power generation systems. Solar cell includes silicon substrate and electrode arranged on the silicon substrate, electrode and silicon substrate ohmic contact, responsible for effectively collecting the carrier generated by silicon material under sunlight, and then converting into usable electric energy. Among them, by setting insulating glue on the grid line to avoid short circuit of grid line. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a kind of solar cell, cell module and photovoltaic system to improve the insulation performance of insulating glue.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present application, a solar cell is provided, comprising:

[0005] a silicon substrate;

[0006] an electrode arranged on the silicon substrate, the electrode comprising a collection grid line and a bus grid line, the collection grid line extending along a first direction; and in the first direction, there is a gap between the adjacent two collection grid lines, the gap is used to form a non-polarity series connection area, and the extension direction of the series connection area is a second direction; the bus grid line comprises a plurality of first parts extending along the second direction and at least one second part extending along the first direction; the first part comprises an edge main grid, and the second part comprises a connection grid line, which is arranged in a spaced manner and connected with the edge main grid; the second direction intersects the first direction;

[0007] an insulating glue segment, the insulating glue segment comprising a collection insulating glue and a bus insulating glue, the collection insulating glue covering part of the structure of the collection grid line, and the bus insulating glue covering part of the structure of the bus grid line;

[0008] wherein, along the second direction, the solar cell is divided into an edge area and a middle area; the area of at least one segment of the collection insulating glue located in the edge area is greater than the area of at least one segment of the collection insulating glue located in the middle area.

[0009] Optionally, in the edge area, the collection insulating glue covers at least the end of the collection grid line close to the series connection area; the collection insulating glue comprises an insulating glue head and an insulating glue tail, the insulating glue head is close to the series connection area, the insulating glue tail is away from the series connection area, and the width of the insulating glue head is greater than the width of the insulating glue tail;

[0010] The collection insulating adhesive is located in the middle region and only includes the insulating adhesive head.

[0011] Optionally, the width of the insulating adhesive head is dmax, and the width of the insulating adhesive tail is dmin, wherein 2 > dmax / dmin > 1.

[0012] Optionally, the silicon substrate has first regions and second regions arranged alternately, and the first regions and the second regions are different in polarity; wherein the first regions and the second regions extend along a first direction, and the first regions and the second regions are arranged alternately along a second direction.

[0013] The collection gate line includes a first collection gate line arranged in the first region and a second collection gate line arranged in the second region.

[0014] The stringing region includes a first stringing region and a second stringing region, the second collection gate line is interrupted at the first stringing region, the first collection gate line is provided with a first soldering segment at the first stringing region, and the first soldering segment is used for connecting with a first solder strip; the first collection gate line is interrupted at the second stringing region, the second collection gate line is provided with a second soldering segment at the second stringing region, and the second soldering segment is used for connecting with a second solder strip.

[0015] The collection insulating adhesive includes a first insulating adhesive segment and a second insulating adhesive segment, the first insulating adhesive segment covers at least an end of the first collection gate line close to the second stringing region; the first insulating adhesive segment includes a first insulating adhesive head and a first insulating adhesive tail, the first insulating adhesive head is close to the second stringing region, and the first insulating adhesive tail is away from the second stringing region; and / or

[0016] The second insulating adhesive segment covers at least an end of the second collection gate line close to the first stringing region; the second insulating adhesive segment includes a second insulating adhesive head and a second insulating adhesive tail, the second insulating adhesive head is close to the first stringing region, and the second insulating adhesive tail is away from the first stringing region.

[0017] Optionally, in the edge region, between the first stringing region and the second stringing region, the first insulating adhesive tail and the second insulating adhesive tail are connected or overlapped in the projection in the first direction.

[0018] Optionally, in the middle region, between the first stringing region and the second stringing region, the first insulating adhesive tail and the second insulating adhesive tail are separated in the projection in the first direction.

[0019] Optionally, a soldering segment is arranged in the stringing region.

[0020] In the first direction, the ratio of the distance d between the two end portions of the collecting insulating adhesive located on both sides of the series connection region and the width w of the welding section is d / w, and the value range of d / w is (0.5, 2.5).

[0021] Optionally, the value range of d / w is (0.8, 1.5).

[0022] Optionally, in the second direction, the ratio of the distance l between the edges of two adjacent insulating adhesive sections and the distance p between the collecting grid lines of the same polarity is l / p, and the value range of l / p is (0.1, 0.95).

[0023] Optionally, the value range of l / p is (0.2, 0.85).

[0024] Optionally, in the edge region, the busbar insulating adhesive includes vertical insulating adhesive, which covers the end portions of the collecting grid lines of different polarity adjacent to the edge main grid.

[0025] Optionally, in the middle region, the busbar insulating adhesive covers the part of the busbar grid line passing through the series connection region.

[0026] Optionally, in the edge region, the busbar insulating adhesive includes a first section of busbar insulating adhesive and a second section of busbar insulating adhesive.

[0027] The first section of busbar insulating adhesive covers the part of the busbar grid line passing through the series connection region, and the second section of busbar insulating adhesive is located inside the first section of busbar insulating adhesive.

[0028] Optionally, in the edge region, the collecting insulating adhesive covers the collecting grid lines located on both sides of the connecting grid line.

[0029] And in the first direction, the collecting insulating adhesive and the busbar insulating adhesive are arranged in sequence.

[0030] Optionally, the width of the collecting insulating adhesive is smaller than the width of the busbar insulating adhesive.

[0031] According to another aspect of the present application, a solar cell assembly is provided, comprising the solar cell according to any of the embodiments of the present application.

[0032] According to another aspect of the present application, a photovoltaic system is provided, comprising the solar cell assembly according to any of the embodiments of the present application.

[0033] This invention investigates the causes of short circuits in solar cells and finds that the collection grid lines in the edge region are more prone to short circuits compared to the central region. Therefore, in embodiments of this invention, the area of ​​at least one section of collecting insulating adhesive in the edge region is larger than the area of ​​at least one section of collecting insulating adhesive in the central region. A larger insulating adhesive section results in better insulation performance and requires more insulating adhesive; conversely, a smaller insulating adhesive section results in lower insulation performance and requires less insulating adhesive, leading to lower costs. The insulating adhesive section arrangement provided in this invention provides both better insulation performance in the edge region and reduced insulating adhesive usage in the central region, thereby lowering material costs.

[0034] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar cell provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram of the central region 109;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another solar cell structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another solar cell structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another solar cell structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another solar cell structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0044] This invention provides a solar cell. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar cell provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram of region 109 in the middle area. See also... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The solar cell includes:

[0045] Silicon substrate 100;

[0046] An electrode 200 disposed on a silicon substrate 100 includes a collection gate line 210 and a bus gate line 220. The collection gate line 210 extends along a first direction X. In the first direction X, there is a gap between adjacent collection gate lines 210, the gap being used to form a non-polarity series connection region 300, the extension direction of the series connection region 300 being a second direction Y. The bus gate line 220 includes a first portion extending along the second direction Y and at least one second portion extending along the first direction X. The first portion includes an edge main gate 2201, and the second portion includes connecting gate lines 2202, the connecting gate lines 2202 being spaced apart and connected to the edge main gate 2201. The second direction Y intersects the first direction X.

[0047] Insulating adhesive segment 400 includes collecting insulating adhesive 410 and busbar insulating adhesive 420. The collecting insulating adhesive 410 covers part of the structure of the collecting grid line 210, and the busbar insulating adhesive 420 covers part of the structure of the busbar grid line 220.

[0048] Along the second direction Y, the solar cell is divided into an edge region 101 and a central region 103; the area of ​​at least one section of the insulating adhesive 410 located in the edge region 101 is larger than the area of ​​at least one section of the insulating adhesive 410 located in the central region 103.

[0049] The silicon substrate 100 is the foundation of the solar cell, typically comprising a silicon substrate and various functional layers stacked on it. In other words, the silicon substrate 100 is the entire solar cell except for the metallized electrode pattern. The functional layers include doped layers, which in turn include p-type and n-type doped layers. These doped layers can be disposed on one or both sides of the silicon substrate, forming a pn junction to generate a photovoltaic effect. When light shines on the solar cell 100, photons excite electrons to transition from the valence band to the conduction band, forming electron-hole pairs. These charge carriers separate at the pn junction due to the electric field, generating a current. Electrodes (including collection grid lines 210) are disposed on the silicon substrate 100 to collect the charge carriers (electrons or holes) generated on the silicon substrate.

[0050] The collection grid lines 210 are segmented, and in the first direction X, two adjacent collection grid lines 210 are positioned on either side of the series connection area 300. The welding area 300 is used for welding solder strips; solder strip misalignment may cause the solder strip to short-circuit with adjacent non-polarity collection grid lines 210 or busbar lines 220. The insulating adhesive segment 400 forms an insulating coating on the collection grid lines 210 or busbar lines 220, preventing short circuits between them and the solder strips.

[0051] Furthermore, the edge solder strips of the solar cells are cut off during the fabrication process to facilitate series connection of the solar cells. However, solder strip debris is generated during the cutting process. This debris falls into the edge region 101. If the solder strip debris falls between exposed collection grid lines 210 of different polarities, it may cause a short circuit between the collection grid lines 210 and the exposed busbars 220. The addition of insulating adhesive segments 400 can form an insulating coating on the collection grid lines 210 or busbars 220, preventing them from short-circuiting with other lines.

[0052] Therefore, compared to the central region 103 of the solar cell, the collection grid lines 210 in the edge region 101 are more prone to short circuits. Thus, in this embodiment of the invention, the area of ​​at least one segment of collecting insulating adhesive 410 in the edge region 101 is larger than the area of ​​at least one segment of collecting insulating adhesive 410 in the central region 103. Specifically, the larger the area of ​​an insulating adhesive segment 400, the better its insulation performance and the more insulating adhesive is used; conversely, the smaller the area of ​​an insulating adhesive segment 400, the lower its insulation performance and the less insulating adhesive is used, resulting in lower costs. The arrangement of the insulating adhesive segment 400 provided in this embodiment of the invention, on the one hand, facilitates better insulation performance in the edge region 101; on the other hand, it helps reduce the amount of insulating adhesive used in the central region 103, thereby reducing material costs.

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another solar cell structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 3 In one embodiment, optionally, located in the edge region 101, the collecting insulating adhesive 410 at least covers the end of the collecting grid line 210 near the serial connection region 300; the collecting insulating adhesive 410 includes an insulating adhesive head 401 and an insulating adhesive tail 402, the insulating adhesive head 401 being close to the serial connection region 300, the insulating adhesive tail 402 being away from the serial connection region 300, and the width dmax of the insulating adhesive head 401 being greater than the width dmin of the insulating adhesive tail 402;

[0054] Located in the central area 103, the collection of insulating adhesive 410 only includes the insulating adhesive head 401.

[0055] The series connection area 300 is used to set the solder strip, and the setting of the insulating adhesive segment 400 helps to avoid short circuits between the solder strip in the series connection area 300 and the non-polarity collection grid line 210. In this embodiment of the invention, the edge area 101 is set with dmax > dmin. The advantages of this setting are that, firstly, the width of the insulating adhesive head 401 is larger, which can better cover the collection grid line 210 and prevent the insulating adhesive head 401 from shifting and exposing the collection grid line 210; secondly, the width of the insulating adhesive tail 402 is smaller, which can not only avoid the influence of solder strip debris on the collection grid line 210, but also help to save insulating adhesive material, thereby reducing costs. At the same time, the middle area 103 is not easily affected by solder strip debris. In this embodiment of the invention, only the insulating adhesive head 401 is set in the middle area 103, which helps to prevent the insulating adhesive head 401 from shifting and exposing the collection grid line 210.

[0056] In summary, the insulating adhesive head 401 is the area closest to the solder strip in the series connection area 300, making it more prone to short circuits with the solder strip. In this embodiment of the invention, the width of the insulating adhesive head 401 in the edge area 101 is greater than the width of the insulating adhesive tail 402, and the insulating adhesive head 401 is provided in the middle area 103 without the insulating adhesive tail 402. This is beneficial to improving the insulation effect of the insulating adhesive segment 400 and ensuring lower costs.

[0057] See also Figure 3 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the width of the insulating adhesive head 401 is dmax, and the width of the insulating adhesive tail 402 is dmin, where 2 > dmax / dmin > 1. For example, dmax / dmin = 1.1, dmax / dmin = 1.2, dmax / dmin = 1.3, dmax / dmin = 1.4, dmax / dmin = 1.5, dmax / dmin = 1.6, dmax / dmin = 1.7, dmax / dmin = 1.8, or dmax / dmin = 1.9. A larger dmax / dmin ratio results in a larger insulating adhesive head 401, which is more conducive to improving the insulation effect of the insulating adhesive segment 400; a smaller dmax / dmin ratio results in a smaller insulating adhesive head 401, which is more conducive to reducing costs. The embodiment of the present invention sets 2 > dmax / dmin > 1, which is beneficial to balancing insulation effect and cost reduction.

[0058] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another solar cell structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 4 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the silicon substrate 100 has an alternately disposed first region and a second region, the first region and the second region having different polarities; wherein, both the first region and the second region extend along a first direction X, and the first region and the second region are alternately disposed along a second direction Y;

[0059] The collection grid line 210 includes a first collection grid line 211 disposed in a first region and a second collection grid line 212 disposed in a second region;

[0060] The serial connection area 300 includes a first serial connection area 310 and a second serial connection area 320. The second collection grid line 212 is interrupted at the first serial connection area 310. The first collection grid line 211 is provided with a first welding section 311 at the first serial connection area 310. The first welding section 311 is used to connect with the first welding strip. The first collection grid line 211 is interrupted at the second serial connection area 320. The second collection grid line 212 is provided with a second welding section 321 at the second serial connection area 320. The second welding section 321 is used to connect with the second welding strip.

[0061] The insulating adhesive collection 410 includes a first insulating adhesive segment 411 and a second insulating adhesive segment 412. The first insulating adhesive segment 411 at least covers the end of the first collection grid line 211 near the second serial connection area 320. The first insulating adhesive segment 411 includes a first insulating adhesive head 4111 and a first insulating adhesive tail 4112. The first insulating adhesive head 4111 is close to the second serial connection area 320, and the first insulating adhesive tail 4112 is away from the second serial connection area 320.

[0062] The second insulating adhesive segment 412 at least covers the end of the second collecting grid line 212 near the first serial connection area 310; the second insulating adhesive segment 412 includes a second insulating adhesive head 4121 and a second insulating adhesive tail 4122, the second insulating adhesive head 4121 being close to the first serial connection area 310, and the second insulating adhesive tail 4122 being away from the first serial connection area 310.

[0063] The silicon substrate 100 typically includes a silicon substrate and various functional layers stacked on the silicon substrate; that is, the silicon substrate 100 is the part of the solar cell excluding the metallized electrode pattern. The functional layers include doped layers, specifically a first doped layer and a second doped layer. The first doped layer is disposed in a first region, and the second doped layer is disposed in a second region. The first and second regions are arranged alternately along a second direction Y; that is, the first and second doped layers are alternately arranged along the second direction Y on the silicon substrate, and the first collection gate line 211 and the second collection gate line 212 are alternately arranged along the second direction Y. The first and second doped layers have opposite polarities; the first doped layer can be a P-type doped layer and the second doped layer an N-type doped layer, or vice versa. The first and second polarity doped layers form regions with different electrical characteristics, supporting the formation of the PN junction and the separation of charge carriers.

[0064] Optionally, p-type and n-type doped layers can be disposed on one or both sides of the silicon substrate to form a pn junction, generating a photovoltaic effect. When light shines on the solar cell 100, photons can excite electrons to jump from the valence band to the conduction band, forming electron-hole pairs. These charge carriers separate at the pn junction due to the electric field, generating a current. A first collection gate line 211 and a second collection gate line 212 are disposed on the silicon substrate 100 to collect the charge carriers (electrons or holes) generated on the silicon substrate.

[0065] The first collecting grid line 211 is segmented, and in the first direction X, two adjacent first collecting grid lines 211 are located on both sides of the second serial connection area 320. The second serial connection area 320 is used to set the second welding section 321 and the second welding strip. The first insulating adhesive section 411 covers part of the structure of the first collecting grid line 211. The setting of the first insulating adhesive section 411 helps to prevent short circuits between the second welding strip and the first collecting grid line 211 within the second serial connection area 320. Similarly, the second collecting grid line 212 is segmented, and in the first direction X, two adjacent second collecting grid lines 212 are located on both sides of the first serial connection area 310. The first serial connection area 310 is used to set the first welding section 311 and the first welding strip. The second insulating adhesive section 412 covers part of the structure of the second collecting grid line 212. The setting of the second insulating adhesive section 412 helps to prevent short circuits between the first welding strip and the second collecting grid line 212 within the first serial connection area 310.

[0066] See also Figure 4 In another embodiment, optionally, located in the edge region 101, between the first serialization region 310 and the second serialization region 320, the projection of the first insulating adhesive tail 402 and the projection of the second insulating adhesive tail 402 in the first direction X are connected or overlapped.

[0067] Specifically, regarding the first insulating adhesive segment 411, compared to the first insulating adhesive tail 4112, the first insulating adhesive head 4111 is closer to the second serial connection area 320. Therefore, the first insulating adhesive head 4111 is more effective in preventing a short circuit between the second solder strip and the first collecting grid line 211 within the second serial connection area 320, while the first insulating adhesive tail 4112 is less effective in preventing a short circuit between the second solder strip and the first collecting grid line 211 within the second serial connection area 320. Similarly, regarding the second insulating adhesive segment 421, compared to the second insulating adhesive tail 4122, the second insulating adhesive head 4121 is closer to the first serial connection area 310. Therefore, the second insulating adhesive head 4121 is more effective in preventing a short circuit between the first solder strip and the second collecting grid line 212 within the first serial connection area 310, while the second insulating adhesive tail 4122 is less effective in preventing a short circuit between the first solder strip and the second collecting grid line 212 within the first serial connection area 310.

[0068] In this embodiment of the invention, the first insulating adhesive tail 4112 and the second insulating adhesive tail 4122 are connected or overlapped in the projection of the first insulating adhesive tail 4112 and the second insulating adhesive tail 4122 in the first direction X. This is equivalent to making the lengths of the first insulating adhesive tail 4112 and the second insulating adhesive tail 4122 larger, which helps to ensure the insulation performance.

[0069] See also Figure 4Optionally, located in the central region 103, between the first series connection region 310 and the second series connection region 320, the projections of the first insulating adhesive tail 4112 and the second insulating adhesive tail 4122 in the first direction X are separate. This arrangement is equivalent to having only the second insulating adhesive head 4111 and the second insulating adhesive head 4121 in the central region 103, resulting in a larger distance between the first insulating adhesive tail 4112 and the second insulating adhesive tail 4122. This helps to reduce the material cost of the insulating adhesive while ensuring insulation performance.

[0070] Optionally, between the first series connection area 310 and the second series connection area 320, the length of the first insulating adhesive segment 411 is L11, and the length of the first collecting grid line 211 is L01, where 0.1 ≤ L11 / L01 ≤ 1. A smaller value for L11 / L01 indicates a shorter length of the first insulating adhesive segment 411, which is more conducive to saving insulating adhesive costs; a larger value for L11 / L01 indicates a longer length of the first insulating adhesive segment 411, which is more conducive to improving insulation performance. By comparing the length of the first insulating adhesive segment 411 with the length of the first collecting grid line 211, the length of the first insulating adhesive segment 411 is determined, allowing the length of the first insulating adhesive segment 411 to be adjusted according to the length of the first collecting grid line 211, thereby improving the accuracy of the length setting of the first insulating adhesive segment 411.

[0071] Between the first series connection area 310 and the second series connection area 320, the length of the second insulating adhesive segment 412 is L12, and the length of the second collecting grid line 212 is L02, where 0.1 ≤ L12 / L02 ≤ 1. A smaller value for L12 / L02 indicates a shorter length of the second insulating adhesive segment 412, which is more conducive to saving insulating adhesive costs; a larger value for L12 / L02 indicates a longer length of the second insulating adhesive segment 412, which is more conducive to improving insulation performance. By comparing the length of the second insulating adhesive segment 412 with the length of the second collecting grid line 212, the length of the second insulating adhesive segment 412 is determined, allowing the length of the second insulating adhesive segment 412 to be adjusted according to the length of the second collecting grid line 212, thereby improving the accuracy of the length setting of the second insulating adhesive segment 412.

[0072] Furthermore, between the first serial connection area 310 and the second serial connection area 320, the lengths of the first collection grid line 211 and the second collection grid line 212 are generally equal, as are the lengths of the first insulating adhesive segment 411 and the second insulating adhesive segment 412. When L11 / L01=L12 / L02=0.1, it indicates that the length of the first insulating adhesive segment 411 and the length of the second insulating adhesive segment 412 are the shortest. At this time, the tail of the first insulating adhesive 412 and the tail of the second insulating adhesive 422 are separate, which can be applied to scenarios with high insulation performance requirements. This setting is used in the inner region 103. When L11 / L01=L12 / L02=0.5, it indicates that the length of the first insulating adhesive segment 411 and the length of the second insulating adhesive segment 412 are in the middle. At this time, the tail of the first insulating adhesive 412 and the tail of the second insulating adhesive 422 alternate. This setting can be applied to scenarios with low insulation performance requirements. This setting is used in the inner region 103. When L11 / L01=L12 / L02=1, it indicates that the length of the first insulating adhesive segment 411 and the length of the second insulating adhesive segment 412 are the longest. At this time, the tail of the first insulating adhesive 412 and the tail of the second insulating adhesive 422 intersect. This setting can be used in the edge region 101.

[0073] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another solar cell structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 5 Optionally, based on the above embodiments, a welding section 301 is provided in the serial connection area 300;

[0074] Along the first direction X, the ratio of the distance d between the ends of the two collecting insulating adhesives 410 located on both sides of the series connection area 300 to the width w of the welding section 301 is d / w, and the value of d / w ranges from (0.5 to 2.5).

[0075] This invention further defines the arrangement of the insulating adhesive segments 400. In some embodiments, the spacing of the insulating adhesive segments 400 is limited in the first direction X. Specifically, the width w of the welding segment 301 is used as the limiting reference for the end distance d of the insulating adhesive segments 400, and the ratio d / w of the width w and distance d is limited to a range of (0.5, 2.5). Limiting the range of d / w ensures that the end distance d of the insulating adhesive segments 400 is sufficiently small to avoid short circuits between the solder strip and the collecting grid line 210; simultaneously, it ensures that the end distance d of the insulating adhesive segments 400 is sufficiently large to save on the amount of insulating adhesive material used at the ends of the insulating adhesive segments 400. Therefore, this invention can balance the insulating performance of the insulating adhesive with cost reduction.

[0076] Optionally, the value range of d / w is (0.8, 1.5), i.e., 0.8 < d / w < 1.5. Where the width w of the welding section 301 remains constant, a smaller d / w indicates a closer distance between the insulating adhesive sections 400, resulting in better insulation performance; a larger d / w indicates a greater distance between the insulating adhesive sections 400, requiring less insulating adhesive. Within the range of (0.8, 1.5), d / w can better balance the insulation performance of the insulating adhesive section 400 with cost reduction. Where the distance d of the insulating adhesive sections 400 remains constant, a smaller d / w indicates a wider welding section 301, which is beneficial for electron collection by the collection grid line 210, reducing electron transmission loss, increasing the fill factor FF, and ensuring reliable welding of the solder strip with the welding section 301, thereby increasing power generation; a larger d / w indicates a smaller width of the welding section 301, resulting in lower slurry costs for the welding section 301. Within this range, both the electron collection capability of the welding section 301 and cost reduction can be better balanced. Specifically, when d / w = 1, it indicates that the width of the welding section 301 and the distance of the insulating adhesive section 400 are equal; when d / w < 1, it indicates that the distance of the insulating adhesive section 400 is less than the width of the welding section 301; and when d / w > 1, it indicates that the distance of the insulating adhesive section 400 is greater than the width of the welding section 301. In practical applications, d / w can be adjusted within the range of (0.8, 1.5) to determine the distance of the insulating adhesive section 400 and the width of the welding section 301 as needed.

[0077] See also Figure 5 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, along the second direction Y, the ratio of the distance l between the edges of two adjacent insulating adhesive segments 400 to the spacing p of the collection grid lines 210 of the same polarity is l / p, and the value range of l / p is (0.1, 0.95).

[0078] This configuration limits the width of the insulating adhesive segment 400 in the second direction Y. Specifically, the spacing p of the collecting grid lines 210 is used as the limiting reference for the edge distance l of the insulating adhesive segment 400, and the value range of the ratio l / p of distance l and spacing p is limited to (0.1, 0.95). Limiting the value range of l / p ensures that the width of the insulating adhesive segment 400 is large enough to prevent the collecting grid lines 210 from being exposed due to offset, thus ensuring insulation performance; simultaneously, it ensures that the width of the insulating adhesive segment 400 is small enough to save on the amount of insulating adhesive material used in the width of the segment 400. Therefore, this embodiment of the invention can balance the insulation performance of the insulating adhesive with cost reduction.

[0079] Optionally, the value range of l / p is (0.2, 0.85), i.e., 0.2 < l / p < 0.85. Wherein, with the collection grid line spacing p remaining constant, a smaller l / p indicates a smaller distance l between the edges of the insulating adhesive segments 400 and a larger width of the insulating adhesive segments 400 along the second direction Y, which is beneficial for reliable insulation when the collection grid lines 210 deviate; a larger l / p indicates a larger distance l between the edges of the insulating adhesive segments 400 and a smaller width of the insulating adhesive segments 400 along the second direction Y, which is beneficial for reducing the cost of insulating adhesive materials. Within the value range of (0.2, 0.85), l / p can better balance the insulation performance of the insulating adhesive segments 400 and reduce costs.

[0080] In some other embodiments, the area of ​​the bus insulating adhesive 420 located in the edge region 101 is larger than the area of ​​the bus insulating adhesive 420 located in the central region 103. This will be described in detail below, but it is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0081] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another solar cell structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 6 In one embodiment, the collecting insulating adhesive 410 may optionally include a vertical insulating adhesive 413 that covers the ends of the non-isopolar collecting grid lines 210 adjacent to the edge main grid 2201.

[0082] Specifically, the busbar 220 includes a first busbar 221 and a second busbar 222. The edge main gate 2201 is connected to the collection gate 210 of the same polarity. This can mean that the edge main gate 2201 of the first busbar 221 is connected to the first collection gate 211; or it can mean that the edge main gate 2201 of the second busbar 222 is connected to the second collection gate 212. Vertical insulating adhesive 413 covers the ends of the non-polarity collection gates 210 adjacent to the edge main gate 2201. This can mean that the vertical insulating adhesive 413 covers the ends of the second collection gate 212 adjacent to the edge main gate 2201 of the first busbar 221; or it can mean that the vertical insulating adhesive 413 covers the ends of the first collection gate 211 adjacent to the edge main gate 2201 of the second busbar 222.

[0083] Among them, the end of the non-polarity collection grid line 210 is the closest to the edge main grid 2201 and is most susceptible to short circuits caused by foreign debris. In this embodiment of the invention, vertical insulating adhesive 413 is provided to cover the end of the non-polarity collection grid line 210 adjacent to the edge main grid 2201, which helps to avoid short circuits between the non-polarity collection grid line 210 and the edge main grid 2201.

[0084] In other embodiments, optionally, the area of ​​at least one section of busbar insulating adhesive 420 located in the edge region 101 is larger than the area of ​​at least one section of busbar insulating adhesive 420 located in the central region 103. This arrangement, on the one hand, facilitates better insulation performance in the edge region 101; on the other hand, it facilitates reducing the amount of insulating adhesive used in the central region 103, thereby reducing material costs.

[0085] See also Figure 6 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, in the central region 103, the bus insulating adhesive 420 covers the portion of the bus grid 220 that passes through the series connection region 300.

[0086] The first busbar 221 passes through the second cascading region 320, and the second busbar passes through the first cascading region 310. The busbar insulating adhesive 420 covers the portion of the busbar 220 that passes through the cascading region 300, specifically covering the portion of the connecting wire 2202 of the first busbar 221 that passes through the second cascading region 320, and covering the portion of the connecting wire 2202 of the second busbar 222 that passes through the first cascading region 310. This arrangement ensures good insulation between the first busbar 221 and the second solder strip of the second cascading region 320; and also ensures good insulation between the second busbar 222 and the first solder strip of the first cascading region 310.

[0087] See also Figure 6 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, in the edge region 101, the busbar insulating adhesive 420 includes a first section of busbar insulating adhesive 421 and a second section of busbar insulating adhesive 422;

[0088] The first section of bus insulation adhesive 421 covers the portion of the bus grid line 220 that passes through the series connection area 300, and the second section of bus insulation adhesive 422 is located inside the first section of bus insulation adhesive 421.

[0089] The first busbar 221 passes through the second cascading region 320, and the second busbar passes through the first cascading region 310. The first section of busbar insulating adhesive 421 covers the portion of the busbar 220 that passes through the cascading region 300, specifically covering the portion of the connecting wire 2202 of the first busbar 221 that passes through the second cascading region 320, and covering the portion of the connecting wire 2202 of the second busbar 222 that passes through the first cascading region 310. This arrangement ensures good insulation between the first busbar 221 and the second solder strip of the second cascading region 320; and also ensures good insulation between the second busbar 222 and the first solder strip of the first cascading region 310.

[0090] Meanwhile, compared to the busbar insulating adhesive 420 located in the central region 103, the second section of busbar insulating adhesive 422 increases the area of ​​the busbar insulating adhesive 420, thereby enhancing insulation performance. This is because the edge solder strips of the solar cells are cut off during the manufacturing process to facilitate series connection of the solar cells. However, solder strip debris is generated during the cutting process. If solder strip debris falls between the first collecting grid line 211 and the second busbar line 222, it will cause a short circuit between the first collecting grid line 211 and the second busbar line 222; if solder strip debris falls between the second collecting grid line 212 and the first busbar line 221, it will cause a short circuit between the second collecting grid line 212 and the first busbar line 221. However, the central region 103 is farther from the edge region 101, so the risk of solder strip debris falling is smaller.

[0091] In this embodiment of the invention, the area of ​​the busbar insulating adhesive 420 in the edge region 101 is larger than the area of ​​the busbar insulating adhesive 420 in the middle region 403, which can reduce the cost of insulating adhesive while ensuring the insulating performance of the adhesive.

[0092] See also Figure 6 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, in the edge region 101, collecting insulating adhesive 410 covers the collecting grid line 210 located on both sides of the connecting grid line 2202 of the bus grid line 220.

[0093] Furthermore, along the first direction X, the collecting insulating adhesive 410 and the bus insulating adhesive 420 are sequentially arranged.

[0094] Specifically, the collecting insulating adhesive also includes parallel insulating adhesive 414, which covers the collecting grid lines 210 located on both sides of the connecting grid lines 2202 of the busbar 220. This arrangement helps to prevent short circuits between the busbar 220 and the non-polarity collecting grid lines 210 caused by foreign debris falling during the fabrication of the solar cell, thereby improving the insulating performance of the insulating adhesive.

[0095] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, by setting the parallel insulating adhesive 414 on both sides of the busbar insulating adhesive 420 in the first direction X, the length of the busbar insulating adhesive 420 can be reduced, thereby helping to reduce the material cost of the insulating adhesive while ensuring insulation performance.

[0096] See also Figure 6 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the width of the collecting insulating adhesive 410 is smaller than the width of the bus insulating adhesive 420.

[0097] Understandably, the busbar 220 is wider than the collecting grid 210. Correspondingly, the busbar insulating adhesive 420 needs to be wider to prevent it from shifting and exposing the busbar 220, thereby improving insulation performance.

[0098] This invention also provides a battery assembly that includes a solar cell as provided in any embodiment of this invention and has corresponding beneficial effects.

[0099] Specifically, the battery module may include multiple solar cells, which can be connected in series to form a battery string. The battery strings can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a series-parallel combination to achieve current output. For example, the connection between the individual cells can be achieved by welding ribbons, or the connection between the battery strings can be achieved by busbars.

[0100] The battery module may also include a metal frame, a backsheet, photovoltaic glass, and an encapsulating film. The encapsulating film can be filled between the light-facing side of the solar cell and the photovoltaic glass, the back-facing side and the backsheet, and adjacent cells. As a filler, it can be a transparent colloid with good light transmittance and aging resistance. For example, the encapsulating film can be EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) film or POE (ethylene-α-olefin copolymer) film. The specific choice can be made according to the actual situation and is not limited here.

[0101] Photovoltaic glass can be applied to the encapsulating film on the light-facing side of a solar cell. This photovoltaic glass can be ultra-clear glass, possessing high light transmittance, high transparency, and superior physical, mechanical, and optical properties. For example, ultra-clear glass can achieve a light transmittance of over 92%, protecting the solar cell while minimizing impact on its efficiency. Simultaneously, the encapsulating film bonds the photovoltaic glass and the solar cell together, providing sealing, insulation, and waterproofing / moisture protection for the solar cell.

[0102] The backsheet can be attached to the encapsulating film on the back side of the solar cell. The backsheet protects and supports the solar cell, providing reliable insulation, water resistance, and aging resistance. Multiple backsheet options are available, typically including tempered glass, acrylic glass, and aluminum alloy TPT composite encapsulating film, etc. The specific choice depends on the specific circumstances and is not limited here. The backsheet, solar cell, encapsulating film, and photovoltaic glass can be mounted on a metal frame. The metal frame serves as the main external support structure for the entire battery module, providing stable support and installation. For example, the battery module can be installed at the desired location using the metal frame.

[0103] This invention also provides a photovoltaic system, which includes the battery module as provided in any embodiment of this invention and has corresponding beneficial effects.

[0104] Specifically, photovoltaic (PV) systems can be applied in PV power plants, such as ground-mounted, rooftop, and floating power plants, as well as in equipment or devices that utilize solar energy to generate electricity, such as user-installed solar power supplies, solar streetlights, solar-powered cars, and solar-powered buildings. Of course, it's understandable that the application scenarios for PV systems are not limited to these; that is, PV systems can be applied in all areas that require solar energy for power generation. Taking a PV power grid as an example, a PV system can include PV arrays, combiner boxes, and inverters. A PV array can be a combination of multiple battery modules; for example, multiple battery modules can form multiple PV arrays. The PV arrays are connected to combiner boxes, which collect the current generated by the PV arrays. The collected current then flows through an inverter, converting it into AC power required by the mains grid before being connected to the grid to achieve solar power supply.

[0105] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0106] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A solar cell, characterized in that, include: Silicon substrate; An electrode disposed on the silicon substrate, the electrode including a collection gate line and a bus gate line, the collection gate line extending along a first direction; In the first direction, there is a gap between two adjacent collecting grid lines, the gap being used to form a non-isopolar concatenation region, the concatenation region extending in the second direction; the bus grid line includes a plurality of first portions extending in the second direction and at least one second portion extending in the first direction; the first portions include edge main grids, the second portions include connecting grid lines, the connecting grid lines being spaced apart and connected to the edge main grids; the second direction intersects the first direction; An insulating adhesive segment, comprising collecting insulating adhesive and busbar insulating adhesive, wherein the collecting insulating adhesive covers a portion of the structure of the collecting grid line and the busbar insulating adhesive covers a portion of the structure of the busbar grid line; Along the second direction, the solar cell is divided into an edge region and a central region; the area of ​​at least one segment of the collecting insulating adhesive located in the edge region is greater than the area of ​​at least one segment of the collecting insulating adhesive located in the central region.

2. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Located in the edge region, the collecting insulating adhesive at least covers the end of the collecting grid line near the series connection region; the collecting insulating adhesive includes an insulating adhesive head and an insulating adhesive tail, the insulating adhesive head is close to the series connection region, the insulating adhesive tail is away from the series connection region, and the width of the insulating adhesive head is greater than the width of the insulating adhesive tail. Located in the central region, the collection of insulating adhesive includes only the head of the insulating adhesive.

3. The solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The width of the head of the insulating adhesive is dmax, and the width of the tail of the insulating adhesive is dmin, where 2 > dmax / dmin > 1.

4. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silicon substrate has an alternately arranged first region and a second region, the first region and the second region having opposite polarities; wherein, the first region and the second region both extend along a first direction, and the first region and the second region are alternately arranged along a second direction; The collection grid includes a first collection grid disposed in the first region and a second collection grid disposed in the second region; The serial connection area includes a first serial connection area and a second serial connection area. The second collection grid line is interrupted at the first serial connection area. The first collection grid line is provided with a first welding segment at the first serial connection area. The first welding segment is used to connect with the first welding strip. The first collection grid line is interrupted at the second serial connection area. The second collection grid line is provided with a second welding segment at the second serial connection area. The second welding segment is used to connect with the second welding strip. The collecting insulating adhesive includes a first insulating adhesive segment and a second insulating adhesive segment. The first insulating adhesive segment at least covers the end of the first collecting grid line near the second serial connection area. The first insulating adhesive segment includes a first insulating adhesive head and a first insulating adhesive tail, with the first insulating adhesive head near the second serial connection area and the first insulating adhesive tail away from the second serial connection area; and / or The second insulating adhesive segment at least covers the end of the second collecting grid line near the first serial connection area; the second insulating adhesive segment includes a second insulating adhesive head and a second insulating adhesive tail, the second insulating adhesive head being close to the first serial connection area and the second insulating adhesive tail being away from the first serial connection area.

5. The solar cell according to claim 4, characterized in that, Located in the edge region, between the first serialization region and the second serialization region, the projections of the first insulating adhesive tail and the second insulating adhesive tail in the first direction are connected or overlap.

6. The solar cell according to claim 4, characterized in that, Located in the central region, between the first serial connection region and the second serial connection region, the projections of the first insulating adhesive tail and the second insulating adhesive tail in the first direction are separate.

7. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, A welding section is provided within the series connection area; Along the first direction, the ratio of the distance d between the two ends of the collecting insulating adhesive located on both sides of the series connection area to the width w of the welding segment is d / w, and the value of d / w ranges from (0.5, 2.5).

8. The solar cell according to claim 7, characterized in that, The value range of d / w is (0.8, 1.5).

9. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the second direction, the ratio of the distance l between the edges of two adjacent insulating segments to the spacing p of the collection grid lines of the same polarity is l / p, and the value of l / p ranges from (0.1 to 0.95).

10. The solar cell according to claim 9, characterized in that, The value range of l / p is (0.2, 0.85).

11. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the edge region, the bus insulating adhesive includes vertical insulating adhesive that covers the ends of the non-isopolar collection grid lines adjacent to the edge main grid.

12. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the central region, the bus insulating adhesive covers the portion of the bus grid that passes through the series connection area.

13. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the edge region, the busbar insulating adhesive includes a first section of busbar insulating adhesive and a second section of busbar insulating adhesive; The first section of bus insulating adhesive covers the portion of the bus grid line that passes through the series connection area, and the second section of bus insulating adhesive is located inside the first section of bus insulating adhesive.

14. The solar cell according to claim 13, characterized in that, In the edge region, the collecting insulating adhesive covers the collecting grid lines located on both sides of the connecting grid lines; Furthermore, along the first direction, the collecting insulating adhesive and the busbar insulating adhesive are arranged sequentially.

15. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the collecting insulating adhesive is smaller than the width of the busbar insulating adhesive.

16. A battery assembly, characterized in that, include: The solar cell as described in any one of claims 1-15.

17. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that, include: The battery assembly as described in claim 16.

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