Liquid elastic vibration isolator with rubber elastic sheet

Abstract

The liquid elastic vibration isolator integrally comprises a liquid cavity surrounded by a vulcanized body, the upper portion of the liquid cavity is sealed by an upper cover plate, the interior of the liquid cavity is divided into an upper liquid cavity body and a lower liquid cavity body through a flow channel body, the flow channel body is provided with a liquid channel for communicating the upper liquid cavity body with the lower liquid cavity body, and a lower cover plate is assembled below the vulcanized body. A rubber elastic piece is arranged between the runner body and the lower cover plate, a lower liquid cavity is defined by the rubber elastic piece and the vulcanized body, and an air cavity is defined by the rubber elastic piece and the lower cover plate. In the initial state, the rubber elastic piece is in a bowl shape with the center protruding upwards, an upper protruding arc is formed at the center protruding position, the outer periphery of the upper protruding arc is concaved downwards to form a lower concave ring, the outer periphery of the lower concave ring protrudes upwards to form an upper protruding ring, the outer periphery of the upper protruding ring is a horizontal annular straight edge, and any adjacent shapes are in smooth transition connection. The size of the liquid cavity and the size of the air cavity are changed by changing the shape of the rubber elastic piece, and then the load transmitted to the machine body is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a liquid spring vibration isolator, specifically to a liquid spring vibration isolator with rubber spring sheets. Background Technology

[0002] Helicopters, with their superior low-altitude, low-speed maneuverability and unique vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) and hovering capabilities, play an irreplaceable role in military fields such as near-ground weapon attacks, reconnaissance patrols, and military transport. However, severe vibration has always been a major pain point and challenge for the helicopter industry. Severe airframe vibration not only seriously affects the work efficiency and comfort of the crew, but also reduces the effectiveness of weapon systems, shortens the structural lifespan of the helicopter airframe, and increases maintenance costs. Statistics show that approximately 40% of major aircraft accidents are related to vibration.

[0003] With the development of vibration control technology, the vibration level of helicopters has been reduced to some extent over the years. The vibration level of helicopter cabins has decreased from the initial 0.5g to nearly 0.05g in modern helicopters, but it is still much higher than the 0.02g vibration level of jet aircraft.

[0004] Rotor vibration load is the main source of vibration in helicopter fuselage. The main gearbox is located at the necessary path for the transmission of rotor vibration load to the fuselage. The main vibration reduction and isolation system can reduce the transmission of harmful vibration energy from the rotor to the fuselage, reduce the transmission rate of rotor vibration to the fuselage, and thus effectively reduce the vibration level of the helicopter.

[0005] However, the existing main vibration reduction and isolation system still cannot meet the vibration reduction requirements of helicopters, so improvements are still needed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention addresses the problem of poor vibration reduction performance in current main vibration damping and isolation systems by proposing a liquid spring isolator with a rubber spring, which adjusts the size of the liquid cavity above the rubber spring and the air cavity below the rubber spring by deforming the rubber spring.

[0007] The technical means adopted by this invention to solve the above problems is as follows: a liquid-elastic vibration isolator with a rubber spring. The liquid-elastic vibration isolator includes a liquid cavity surrounded by a vulcanized body. The liquid cavity is sealed by an upper cover plate. The interior is divided into an upper liquid cavity and a lower liquid cavity by a flow channel body. A liquid channel body is provided on the flow channel body to connect the upper liquid cavity and the lower liquid cavity. A lower cover plate is assembled below the vulcanized body, and a rubber spring is provided between the flow channel body and the lower cover plate. The rubber spring and the vulcanized body form the lower liquid cavity, and the rubber spring and the lower cover plate form an air cavity. The lower cavity is divided by the rubber spring to form an adjustable air cavity, and the volumetric stiffness of the rubber spring can be adjusted according to the requirements.

[0008] Furthermore, in its initial state, the rubber spring is bowl-shaped with an upward convexity at the center. An upward convex arc is formed at the center, and a downward concave ring is formed around the outer perimeter of the upward convex arc. An upward convex ring is formed around the outer perimeter of the downward concave ring, and a horizontal annular straight edge is formed around the outer perimeter of the upward convex ring. All adjacent shapes are smoothly connected. This combination of different shapes at different positions improves the lifespan of the rubber spring.

[0009] Furthermore, the arcs on the upper and lower surfaces of the convex ring are concentric, as are the arcs on the upper and lower surfaces of the concave ring, and the arcs on the upper and lower surfaces of the convex ring. This simplifies the molding process of the rubber spring.

[0010] Furthermore, the differences between the radius R1' at the upper surface of the convex arc and the radius R1 at the lower surface, the differences between the radius R2 at the lower surface of the concave ring and the radius R2' at the upper surface, the differences between the radius R3' at the upper surface of the convex ring and the radius R3 at the lower surface, and the rubber thickness T at the straight edge are all equal. This ensures that the rubber spring has a uniform thickness throughout the cavity, thereby improving its lifespan.

[0011] Furthermore, the arc length A2 at the upper surface of the concave ring is greater than the arc length A1 at the lower surface of the convex ring, which in turn is greater than the arc length A3 at the lower surface of the convex ring. This is to ensure that the rubber spring can better cooperate with fluid movement when subjected to force.

[0012] Furthermore, the distance D1 between the center of the upper convex arc and the center of the lower concave ring is smaller than the distance D2 between the center of the lower concave ring and the center of the upper convex ring, in order to better form the shape of the rubber spring.

[0013] Furthermore, a T-shaped ring is provided at the edge of the rubber spring for embedding between the vulcanized body and the lower cover plate. The T-shaped ring and the straight edge together form a T-shaped structure. The rubber spring is fixed by the T-shaped ring.

[0014] Furthermore, a lower groove is provided on the lower surface of the vulcanized body, and an upper groove is provided on the upper surface of the lower cover plate. The sum of the total height B1' of the lower groove on the outer side and the total height B2' of the upper groove on the outer side is less than the total height H of the rubber at the T-ring; the width C of the upper and lower grooves is greater than the width W of the rubber at the T-ring. This facilitates the assembly of the T-ring into the upper and lower grooves and allows the rubber to fill the space of the upper and lower grooves, achieving a sealing effect.

[0015] Furthermore, the rubber height H1 of the T-ring below the straight edge is greater than the height B1 of the upper groove on the inner side, and the rubber height H2 of the T-ring above the straight edge is greater than the height B2 of the lower groove on the inner side. This ensures a good seal while also blocking the free ends of the T-ring, preventing the rubber spring from falling off.

[0016] Furthermore, (B1'+B2')-(B1+B2) < rubber thickness T at the straight edge. This further ensures the sealing effect while preventing the rubber spring from falling off.

[0017] Furthermore, the lower cover plate is provided with air inlet and outlet ports that communicate with the air cavity. By filling or deflating the air inlet and outlet ports, the volumetric stiffness of the rubber spring can be adjusted to achieve a better vibration isolation effect.

[0018] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided between the vulcanized body and the lower cover plate, and the sealing ring is located on the outside of the T-ring. This further ensures the sealing performance between the lower liquid chamber and the air chamber.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The present invention provides a rubber spring between the vulcanized body and the lower cover plate, and an air cavity between the liquid chambers of the liquid spring vibration isolator. When rotor vibration occurs, the shape of the rubber spring can be changed to change the size of the liquid chamber and the air cavity, thereby adjusting the elastic force and inertial force of the liquid spring vibration isolator and minimizing the load transmitted to the fuselage.

[0020] 2. This invention designs the rubber spring sheet in shape as a combination of an upper convex arc, a lower concave ring, an upper convex ring, and a straight edge. This allows the rubber spring sheet to deform and move smoothly with the fluid at its free position, regardless of whether it is squeezed by the viscous liquid above or the compressed air below. This prevents wrinkles from forming and avoids excessive stress at any one location. It can smoothly guide the flow of fluid, thereby significantly improving the lifespan of the rubber spring sheet.

[0021] 3. The rubber spring of the present invention is provided with a T-ring at the end, and the rubber spring is fixed between the vulcanized body and the lower cover plate by the T-ring. This facilitates replacement without affecting the use and reduces the maintenance cost of the liquid spring vibration isolator. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid spring vibration damper structure in Example 1; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rubber spring structure in Example 1; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the rubber spring in Example 1; Figure 4 Here is a schematic diagram of the cover plate structure for an embodiment. Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cover plate in an embodiment; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the inner tube structure in Example 1; Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the inner tube in Example 1; 1. Vulcanized body, 11. Outer cylinder, 12. Rubber spring, 13. Inner cylinder, 131. Lower groove, 2. Upper cover plate, 3. Lower cover plate, 31. Air inlet / outlet, 32. Upper groove, 33. Sealing groove, 4. Rubber spring, 41. Upper convex arc, 42. Lower concave ring, 43. Upper convex ring, 44. Straight edge, 45. T-ring, 5. Flow channel body, 51. Liquid channel, 61. Upper liquid cavity, 62. Lower liquid cavity, 63. Air cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are for illustrative purposes only, representing schematic diagrams rather than actual physical objects, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings. Example 1

[0024] A type of liquid spring vibration isolator with rubber springs, such as Figure 1 As shown, the liquid spring vibration isolator consists of an upper cover plate 2, a vulcanized body 1, a rubber spring sheet 4, and a lower cover plate 3 from top to bottom. The vulcanized body 1 has a flow channel body 5 press-fitted inside, which divides the internal chamber into an upper liquid chamber 61 and a lower liquid chamber 62. The flow channel body 5 has a liquid channel 51 that connects the upper liquid chamber 61 and the lower liquid chamber 62. The rubber spring sheet 4 and the lower cover plate 3 form an air cavity 63. The vulcanized body 1 is a structure in which the outer cylinder 11 and the inner cylinder 13 are vulcanized into one piece by a rubber spring 12. The rubber spring sheet 4 is assembled between the inner cylinder 13 and the lower cover plate 3.

[0025] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the lower cover plate 3 is provided with an air inlet / outlet 31 that communicates with the air cavity 63. Air can be injected or released into the air cavity 63 through the air inlet / outlet 31 to change the stiffness of the rubber spring 4. This ensures that when the liquid spring isolator is subjected to the maximum load, the air cavity 63 can still maintain sufficient pressure to drive the rubber spring to move, thereby achieving a better vibration isolation effect.

[0026] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the overall structure of the rubber spring 4 is a concave bowl shape, with an upwardly convex arc 41 at the center. Around the upwardly convex arc 41 is a downwardly concave ring 42, and around the concave ring 42 is an upwardly convex ring 43. Around the upper convex ring 43 is a horizontal annular straight edge 44. During operation, the liquid flows from the lower liquid chamber 62 to the upper liquid chamber 61 through the liquid channel 51. The rubber spring 4 needs to compensate for the liquid volume lost in the lower liquid chamber 62. The overall concave structure can compensate for more of the liquid volume. Moreover, the rubber spring 4 mainly bears the squeezing force from the gas below. The convex-concave-convex structure formed by the upper convex arc 41, the lower concave ring 42, and the upper convex ring 43 can guide the deformation of the rubber spring 4, allowing it to deform according to a preset state. Furthermore, during the non-operational process of the liquid-elastic vibration isolator, the rubber spring 4 is subjected to the squeezing force of the liquid above. While the concave ring 42 is displaced downwards, it slowly deforms the convex shape on both sides, increasing the arc length of the concave arc. Conversely, during the operation of the liquid-elastic vibration isolator, the compressed gas in the air cavity 63 exerts a squeezing force on the rubber spring 4. While the convex arc 41 and the convex ring 43 are displaced upwards, they slowly deform the edge of the concave ring 42, increasing the arc length of the convex arc. In this deformation, the convex arc or concave ring edge gradually deforms along the shape-joining position. Moreover, when the liquid-elastic vibration isolator is in operation, during the entire deformation process of the rubber spring 4, the convex arc 41, the concave ring 42, and the convex ring 43 can maintain a portion of their original shape, preventing them from completely transforming from convex to concave or vice versa, thus avoiding excessive deformation and wrinkling of the rubber spring 4. This significantly improves the lifespan of the rubber spring 4.

[0027] like Figure 3 As shown, the differences between the arc radius R1' of the upper convex arc 41 on the upper surface and the arc radius R1 on the lower surface, the differences between the arc radius R2' of the lower concave ring 42 on the upper surface and the arc radius R2 on the lower surface, the differences between the arc radius R3' of the upper convex ring 43 on the upper surface and the arc radius R3 on the lower surface, and the thickness T of the rubber at the straight edge 44 have the following relationships: R1'-R1=R2-R2'=R3'-R3=T. Moreover, R1 and R1' are concentric, R2 and R2' are concentric, and R3 and R3' are concentric, making the rubber thickness equal at all points, avoiding the formation of weak points on the rubber spring 4, extending the service life of the rubber, and the concentric structure is more convenient for molding.

[0028] Furthermore, the arc length A2 at the upper surface of the concave ring 42 > the arc length A1 at the lower surface of the convex arc 41 > the arc length A3 at the lower surface of the convex ring 43, forming a smaller convex shape at the center, a larger concave shape at its edge, and a smaller convex shape at the outermost edge. This makes the overall arc length of the convex shape and the arc length of the concave shape closer, so that the rubber sheet 4 has a sufficient deformation area when subjected to liquid impact from above or air compression from below, and will not cause a certain shape to completely disappear. The outermost convex ring 43 is connected and fixed to the straight edge 44 at one end, and the displacement and deformation range are limited. The minimum arc length is set to reserve a larger size for other shapes. At the same time, the distance D1 between the center of the upper convex arc 41 and the center of the lower concave ring 42 is smaller than the distance D2 between the center of the lower concave ring 42 and the center of the upper convex ring 43, so as to form a larger downward slope between the lower concave ring 42 and the upper convex ring 43, so that the rubber spring sheet 4 as a whole forms a larger concave shape, in order to make more volume compensation.

[0029] like Figures 4-7 As shown, the upper surface of the lower cover plate 3 is provided with an annular upper groove 32, and the lower surface of the inner cylinder 13 is provided with a lower groove 131. After assembly, the upper groove 32 and the lower groove 131 are at the same radial position, correspondingly, as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a T-shaped ring 45 is provided at the edge of the rubber spring 4. The T-shaped ring 45 and the straight edge 44 together form a T-shaped structure. After assembly, the T-shaped ring 45 is embedded in the upper groove 32 and the lower groove 131. The straight edge 44 is clamped by the inner cylinder 13 and the lower cover plate 3 to fix the rubber spring 4. The lower cover plate 3 is provided with an annular sealing groove 33 at the outer position of the upper groove 32. A sealing ring is provided in the sealing groove 33 to seal and isolate the inside and outside of the liquid spring isolator.

[0030] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, the sum of the height B1' of the outer side of the upper groove 32 and the height B2' of the outer side of the lower groove 131 is less than the total rubber height H at the T-ring 45, while the width C of the upper groove 32 and the lower groove 131 is greater than the rubber width W at the T-ring 45. In this way, the two protruding parts of the T-ring 45 can be easily inserted into the upper groove 32 and the lower groove 131, and the extra part in the overall height can fill the extra space in the width of the upper groove 32 and the lower groove 131, ensuring the sealing effect. Meanwhile, the heights H2 and H1 of the upper and lower ends of the T-ring 45 extending beyond the straight edge 44 are higher than the heights B2 and B1 of the lower groove 131 near the inner side, respectively. Moreover, (B1'+B2')-(B1+B2)< the rubber thickness T at the straight edge 44, causing the upper and lower ends of the T-ring to press against the top of the lower groove 131 and the bottom of the upper groove 32, respectively, and be squeezed by the lower groove 131 and the upper groove 32. The straight edge 44 is also squeezed by the inner cylinder 13 and the lower cover plate 3. While ensuring the sealing of the lower liquid cavity 62 and the air cavity 63, the rubber spring 4 receives sufficient clamping force and will not fall off due to the squeezing of liquid or air during operation. Furthermore, this method of molding the rubber spring 4 separately and assembling it into the inner cylinder 13 and the lower cover plate 3 makes the replacement of the rubber spring 4 very simple and convenient, and allows for the selection of a suitable shape of rubber spring 4 according to the usage requirements of the liquid spring isolator. Meanwhile, by using a shape-matching clamping method to fix the rubber spring 4, the consistency of the shape of the rubber spring 4 can be ensured, the performance of each part is stable, there are no structural weak points, and the service life of the rubber spring 4 is greatly extended.

[0031] The above embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the protection scope of the invention, which should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A liquid spring damper with rubber spring pieces, characterized by: The liquid elastomer damper comprises a liquid cavity surrounded by a vulcanization body (1), an upper cover plate (2) sealing the liquid cavity, an internal flow channel body (5) separating the liquid cavity into an upper liquid cavity (61) and a lower liquid cavity (62), a liquid passage (51) being arranged on the flow channel body (5) to connect the upper liquid cavity (61) and the lower liquid cavity (62), a lower cover plate (3) being assembled below the vulcanization body (1), a rubber elastic sheet (4) being arranged between the flow channel body (1) and the lower cover plate (3), the rubber elastic sheet (4) and the vulcanization body (1) surrounding the lower liquid cavity (62), and the rubber elastic sheet (4) and the lower cover plate (3) surrounding an air cavity (63).

2. The rubber-padded liquid spring vibration isolator of claim 1, wherein: In the initial state, the rubber elastic sheet (4) is in a bowl shape with a center upward protrusion, an upper convex arc (41) being formed at the center protrusion, a lower concave ring (42) being formed at the outer periphery of the upper convex arc (41), an upper convex ring (43) being formed at the outer periphery of the lower concave ring (42), and a horizontal annular straight edge being formed at the outer periphery of the upper convex ring, and the adjacent shapes are smoothly connected.

3. The rubber-padded liquid spring vibration isolator of claim 2, wherein: The upper surface arc of the upper convex arc (41) is concentric with the lower surface arc, the upper surface arc of the lower concave ring (42) is concentric with the lower surface arc, and the upper surface arc of the upper convex ring (43) is concentric with the lower surface arc.

4. The rubber-padded liquid spring vibration isolator of claim 3, wherein: The difference between the radius R1' of the upper surface of the upper convex arc (41) and the radius R1 of the lower surface, the difference between the radius R2' of the upper surface of the lower concave ring (42) and the radius R2 of the lower surface, the difference between the radius R3' of the upper surface of the upper convex ring (43) and the radius R3 of the lower surface, and the rubber thickness T at the straight edge (44) are all equal.

5. The rubber-padded liquid spring vibration isolator of claim 3, wherein: The arc length A2 of the upper surface of the lower concave ring (42) is greater than the arc length A1 of the lower surface of the upper convex arc (41), and the arc length A3 of the lower surface of the upper convex ring (43) is the smallest.

6. The rubber-padded liquid spring vibration isolator of claim 3, wherein: The distance D1 between the center of the upper convex arc (41) and the center of the lower concave ring (42) is less than the distance D2 between the center of the lower concave ring (41) and the center of the upper convex ring (43).

7. The rubber-padded liquid spring vibration isolator of claim 1, wherein: A T-shaped ring (45) is arranged at the edge of the rubber elastic sheet (4) for embedding between the vulcanization body (1) and the lower cover plate (3), and the T-shaped ring (45) and the straight edge (44) form a T-shaped structure.

8. The rubber-padded liquid spring vibration isolator of claim 7, wherein: A lower groove (131) is arranged at the lower surface of the vulcanization body (1), an upper groove (32) is arranged at the upper surface of the lower cover plate (3), the sum of the total height B1' of the lower groove (131) at the outer side and the total height B2' of the upper groove (32) at the outer side is less than the total rubber height H of the T-shaped ring (45), and the width C of the upper groove (32) and the lower groove (131) is greater than the rubber width W of the T-shaped ring (45).

9. The rubber-padded liquid spring vibration isolator of claim 8, wherein: The rubber height H1 of the T-shaped ring (45) below the straight edge (44) is greater than the height B1 of the upper groove (32) at the inner side, the rubber height H2 of the T-shaped ring (45) above the straight edge (44) is greater than the height B2 of the lower groove (131) at the inner side, and (B1'+B2')-(B1+B2) is less than the rubber thickness T of the straight edge (44).

10. The rubber-padded liquid spring vibration isolator of claim 1, wherein: The lower cover plate (3) is provided with an air inlet and outlet (31) communicating with the air cavity (63).

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