Bandwidth dynamic allocation method, device, program product and storage medium

Abstract

A bandwidth dynamic allocation method, device, program product and storage medium, relating to the technical field of computer. The method collects the bandwidth usage data of the network export in real time, determines the residual bandwidth capacity of the export, calculates the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of each interface in combination with the interface weight parameter and the interface stability coefficient calculated based on the bandwidth usage fluctuation characteristics, so that the residual bandwidth of the network export can be reasonably allocated. At the same time, by introducing a dynamic additional bandwidth mechanism outside the fixed basic bandwidth, the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight is determined based on the bandwidth usage stability of the authenticated terminal and the current bandwidth usage state, so that the terminal is no longer limited by the preset fixed bandwidth upper limit and can obtain more bandwidth resources when the export bandwidth is sufficient, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of bandwidth resources.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of computer, in particular to a bandwidth dynamic allocation method, device, program product and storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of network communication, reasonable allocation and utilization of bandwidth resources are crucial for improving network efficiency and service quality. With the continuous expansion of network scale, the number of terminals accessing enterprise networks has grown rapidly, and how to efficiently manage and allocate bandwidth resources has become a pressing problem.

[0003] Currently, enterprise networks generally use a fixed bandwidth control mechanism to manage terminal network access. This mechanism sets a fixed upper limit for the bandwidth of each terminal in advance to prevent network congestion. However, in actual applications, the bandwidth usage rate of network egress often exhibits dynamic variation characteristics. When there is surplus egress bandwidth, the available bandwidth resources cannot be fully utilized due to the limitation of terminals within the pre-set fixed bandwidth range. Especially in the case of light network load and sufficient egress bandwidth, the bandwidth usage of terminals is still limited by the fixed upper limit, resulting in waste of bandwidth resources and reduction of bandwidth resource utilization efficiency. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a bandwidth dynamic allocation method, device, program product and storage medium.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a bandwidth dynamic allocation method, the method comprising:

[0006] collecting bandwidth usage data of network egress in real time, calculating egress bandwidth utilization rate based on the bandwidth usage data, and determining egress residual bandwidth capacity according to the egress bandwidth utilization rate;

[0007] obtaining interface weight parameters of interfaces to which each authenticated terminal accessing the network egress belongs, and collecting bandwidth usage fluctuation characteristics of all authenticated terminals under each interface within a pre-set time window, calculating interface stability coefficients of each interface based on the bandwidth usage fluctuation characteristics;

[0008] calculating allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of each interface according to the egress residual bandwidth capacity, the interface weight parameters and the interface stability coefficients;

[0009] calculating bandwidth usage stability based on historical bandwidth usage data of each authenticated terminal, and determining dynamic bandwidth allocation weight of each authenticated terminal in combination with current bandwidth usage state of each authenticated terminal and the bandwidth usage stability;

[0010] According to the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight, a dynamic additional bandwidth is obtained from the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of the interface to which the authentication terminal belongs, the fixed basic bandwidth of each authentication terminal is synthesized with the dynamic additional bandwidth to generate a target bandwidth allocation value of each authentication terminal, and bandwidth allocation is performed on each authentication terminal according to the target bandwidth allocation value.

[0011] By using the above technical solution, the residual bandwidth capacity of the network outlet can be accurately mastered by collecting the bandwidth usage data of the network outlet in real time and calculating the outlet bandwidth utilization rate. Further, by obtaining the weight parameter of the interface to which each authentication terminal belongs and calculating the interface stability coefficient in combination with the bandwidth usage fluctuation characteristics, the bandwidth resource is reasonably allocated from the network outlet to each interface. Then, the bandwidth usage stability is calculated based on the historical bandwidth usage data of the authentication terminal, and the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight is determined in combination with the current bandwidth usage state, so that the dynamic additional bandwidth can be accurately allocated in addition to the fixed basic bandwidth. Finally, by synthesizing the fixed basic bandwidth and the dynamic additional bandwidth, the terminal is no longer limited by the preset upper limit of the fixed bandwidth, and more bandwidth resources can be obtained when the outlet bandwidth is sufficient, thereby overcoming the problem that the existing fixed bandwidth control mechanism cannot fully utilize the residual bandwidth resources, and improving the utilization efficiency of the bandwidth resources.

[0012] Optionally, the outlet residual bandwidth capacity is determined according to the outlet bandwidth utilization rate, comprising:

[0013] The current theoretical residual bandwidth capacity is calculated based on the total bandwidth capacity of the network outlet and the current used bandwidth capacity, and the maximum value, the minimum value and the average value of the outlet bandwidth utilization rate are counted based on the outlet bandwidth utilization rate data collected continuously within a preset time window;

[0014] The bandwidth utilization rate fluctuation amplitude is calculated based on the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value, and the bandwidth usage stability level of the network outlet is judged according to the bandwidth utilization rate fluctuation amplitude;

[0015] When the bandwidth usage stability level is a high stability level, the current theoretical residual bandwidth capacity is positively compensated, and when the bandwidth usage stability level is a low stability level, the current theoretical residual bandwidth capacity is negatively compensated;

[0016] The deviation degree of the compensated outlet bandwidth utilization rate and the average value is obtained, and when the deviation degree exceeds a preset deviation threshold, the compensated residual bandwidth capacity is secondarily modified, and the modification amplitude is in a positive correlation with the deviation degree;

[0017] The outlet residual bandwidth capacity after compensation and modification is output.

[0018] Optionally, the bandwidth usage fluctuation characteristics of all authentication terminals under each interface within a preset time window are collected, and an interface stability coefficient of each interface is calculated based on the bandwidth usage fluctuation characteristics, including:

[0019] The bandwidth usage time series data of all authentication terminals under each interface within the preset time window are collected, and an abnormal bandwidth event is identified, when the deviation degree of the bandwidth usage values of a plurality of consecutive sampling points from the bandwidth usage mean value of a previous time period exceeds a preset abnormal threshold, the corresponding time period is marked as an abnormal bandwidth event;

[0020] The number of occurrences and the cumulative duration of abnormal bandwidth events of each interface are counted, an abnormal event proportion parameter is calculated, and an abnormal filtering weight is constructed based on the abnormal event proportion parameter;

[0021] The time period corresponding to the abnormal bandwidth event is removed or down-weighted from the bandwidth usage time series data, and an effective bandwidth usage sequence after filtering is obtained;

[0022] An effective coefficient of variation of the effective bandwidth usage sequence is calculated, and a stable duration coefficient is calculated based on the proportion of consecutive stable time periods in the effective bandwidth usage sequence;

[0023] The effective coefficient of variation, the abnormal filtering weight, and the stable duration coefficient are weighted and calculated to obtain an interface stability coefficient of each interface.

[0024] Optionally, the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of each interface is calculated according to the outlet residual bandwidth capacity, the interface weight parameter, and the interface stability coefficient, including:

[0025] The outlet residual bandwidth capacity is divided into a basic allocation pool and a stability compensation pool;

[0026] From the basic allocation pool, bandwidth is allocated in proportion according to the interface weight parameter of each interface to calculate a basic bandwidth quota of each interface;

[0027] The deviation value of the interface stability coefficient of each interface from a global average stability coefficient is calculated, the global average stability coefficient being the average value of the interface stability coefficients;

[0028] A stability compensation coefficient is constructed based on the deviation value, the stability compensation coefficient being obtained by nonlinear mapping of the deviation value;

[0029] From the stability compensation pool, compensation bandwidth is allocated according to the stability compensation coefficient of each interface, and the basic bandwidth quota of each interface is combined with the compensation bandwidth to obtain an allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of each interface.

[0030] Optionally, the bandwidth usage stability is calculated based on historical bandwidth usage data of each authentication terminal, and the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight of each authentication terminal is determined in combination with the current bandwidth usage state of each authentication terminal and the bandwidth usage stability, including:

[0031] The historical bandwidth usage data of each authentication terminal is acquired within a preset historical time period, and a bandwidth usage feature map of each authentication terminal is established based on the historical bandwidth usage data;

[0032] The peak feature points and valley feature points in the bandwidth usage feature map are extracted, and a feature point sequence is constructed;

[0033] The bandwidth usage stability is calculated based on the dispersion degree of the feature point sequence;

[0034] The current bandwidth usage state of each authentication terminal is collected, and a bandwidth resource allocation reference value is determined;

[0035] The bandwidth resource allocation reference value is adjusted according to the bandwidth usage stability, and the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight of each authentication terminal is generated.

[0036] Optionally, the historical bandwidth usage data of each authentication terminal is acquired within a preset historical time period, and a bandwidth usage feature map of each authentication terminal is established based on the historical bandwidth usage data, including:

[0037] Within a preset historical time period, the bandwidth usage data of each authentication terminal is continuously collected at a fixed sampling interval to form a bandwidth usage time series data set;

[0038] A two-dimensional bandwidth feature coordinate system with bandwidth usage as the vertical axis and time as the horizontal axis is constructed based on the bandwidth usage time series data set;

[0039] The bandwidth usage trajectory lines of each authentication terminal are plotted in the two-dimensional bandwidth feature coordinate system, and the bandwidth usage trajectory lines reflect the change trend of the bandwidth usage amount over time;

[0040] The adjacent peak feature points and valley feature points on each bandwidth usage trajectory line are connected to obtain the bandwidth usage feature map of each authentication terminal.

[0041] Optionally, the dynamic additional bandwidth is obtained from the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of the interface according to the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight, including:

[0042] The bandwidth demand prediction value of each authentication terminal is calculated based on the current bandwidth usage state and the bandwidth usage stability of each authentication terminal;

[0043] The reference allocation amount of the dynamic additional bandwidth is determined based on the product of the bandwidth demand prediction value and the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight;

[0044] The bandwidth allocation adjustment coefficient is a ratio of a sum of the reference allocation amounts of all authentication terminals under the same interface to an allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of the corresponding interface.

[0045] When the bandwidth allocation adjustment coefficient is greater than 1, the reference allocation amount of each terminal is proportionally reduced according to a proportion of the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight, to obtain a dynamic additional bandwidth of the corresponding authentication terminal.

[0046] When the bandwidth allocation adjustment coefficient is less than or equal to 1, the reference allocation amount is taken as the dynamic additional bandwidth of the corresponding authentication terminal.

[0047] In a second aspect of the present application, an electronic device for dynamic bandwidth allocation is provided, and the electronic device comprises one or more processors and a memory. The memory is coupled to the one or more processors, and the memory is configured to store computer program codes including computer instructions. The one or more processors are configured to invoke the computer instructions to enable the electronic device for dynamic bandwidth allocation to perform the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

[0048] In a third aspect of the present application, a computer program product including instructions is provided, which, when executed on an electronic device for dynamic bandwidth allocation, enables the electronic device to perform the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

[0049] In a fourth aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium including instructions is provided, which, when executed on an electronic device for dynamic bandwidth allocation, enables the electronic device to perform the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

[0050] In summary, the one or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0051] The application can accurately grasp the residual bandwidth capacity of the network export by collecting the bandwidth usage data of the network export in real time and calculating the export bandwidth utilization. Further, by obtaining the weight parameters of the interfaces to which the authentication terminals belong and combining the bandwidth usage fluctuation characteristics to calculate the interface stability coefficient, the bandwidth resource is reasonably allocated from the network export to each interface. Then, the bandwidth usage stability is calculated based on the historical bandwidth usage data of the authentication terminals, and the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight is determined in combination with the current bandwidth usage state, so that the dynamic additional bandwidth can be accurately allocated in addition to the fixed basic bandwidth. Finally, by synthesizing the fixed basic bandwidth and the dynamic additional bandwidth, the terminal is no longer limited by the preset fixed bandwidth upper limit, and can obtain more bandwidth resources when the export bandwidth is sufficient, thereby overcoming the problem that the existing fixed bandwidth control mechanism cannot fully utilize the residual bandwidth resources, and improving the utilization efficiency of the bandwidth resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0052] Figure 1 is a flow diagram of a bandwidth dynamic allocation method provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0053] Figure 2 is a bandwidth usage feature map of a single authentication terminal provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0054] Figure 3 is an exemplary hardware structure diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the specification, the technical solutions in the specification will be described clearly and completely in the following with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, not all the embodiments.

[0056] In the description of the embodiments of the application, the words such as "for example" or "for instance" are used to represent an example, illustration or description. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "for example" or "for instance" in the embodiments of the application should not be interpreted as more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Rather, the words such as "for example" or "for instance" are intended to present the relevant concept in a specific way.

[0057] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "a plurality of" means two or more. For example, a plurality of systems means two or more systems, and a plurality of screen terminals means two or more screen terminals. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only for the purpose of description and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implying that the indicated technical features are preferred over other technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. The terms "include", "contain", "have" and their variants mean "include but are not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 1 , a flowchart of a bandwidth dynamic allocation method is disclosed, which can be implemented by a computer program, a single-chip microcomputer, or a bandwidth dynamic allocation device. The computer program can be integrated into a computer device or run as an independent tool application. Specifically, the method includes steps 10 to 50, which are as follows:

[0059] Step 10: Real-time collection of bandwidth usage data at the network exit, calculation of exit bandwidth utilization based on the bandwidth usage data, and determination of the exit residual bandwidth capacity according to the exit bandwidth utilization.

[0060] The bandwidth usage data refers to the traffic data obtained by real-time sampling at the network exit, including but not limited to data throughput, packet forwarding rate, and other data indicators reflecting bandwidth usage.

[0061] The exit residual bandwidth capacity refers to the bandwidth capacity available for allocation after deducting the currently used bandwidth from the total bandwidth capacity at the network exit.

[0062] Specifically, in order to accurately grasp the resource usage status of the network exit, it is necessary to first collect the bandwidth usage data of the network exit in real time. The system continuously collects bandwidth usage data including uplink and downlink data traffic through the network exit at a preset sampling period (for example, every 1 second) by deploying a traffic collection module at the network exit. Based on the collected bandwidth usage data, the exit bandwidth utilization rate is calculated. In determining the exit residual bandwidth capacity, first, the current theoretical residual bandwidth capacity is calculated based on the total bandwidth capacity and the current used bandwidth capacity of the network exit. At the same time, the exit bandwidth utilization rate data is continuously collected within a preset time window (for example, 5 minutes), and the maximum value, minimum value and average value of the exit bandwidth utilization rate within the time window are counted. The bandwidth utilization rate fluctuation amplitude is calculated based on the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value, and the bandwidth usage stability level of the network exit is determined according to the fluctuation amplitude. For example, when the fluctuation amplitude is less than 20%, it is determined as a high stability level, and when it is greater than 50%, it is determined as a low stability level. When the bandwidth usage stability level is a high stability level, the current theoretical residual bandwidth capacity is positively compensated, that is, the amount of distributable residual bandwidth is appropriately increased; when the bandwidth usage stability level is a low stability level, it is negatively compensated, that is, the amount of distributable residual bandwidth is appropriately reduced. After compensation, the deviation degree of the compensated exit bandwidth utilization rate and the average value is obtained, and when the deviation degree exceeds a preset deviation threshold (for example, 30%), the compensated residual bandwidth capacity needs to be modified again, and the modification amplitude increases with the increase of the deviation degree. Finally, the exit residual bandwidth capacity after compensation and modification is output. In this way, not only can the amount of bandwidth resources available for distribution at the network exit be grasped in real time, but also the stability characteristics of bandwidth usage are considered, and the determination of residual bandwidth capacity is more accurate and reasonable through the compensation and modification mechanism.

[0063] As an optional embodiment, the step of determining the exit residual bandwidth capacity according to the exit bandwidth utilization rate can further include the following steps:

[0064] Step 101: Calculate the current theoretical residual bandwidth capacity based on the total bandwidth capacity and the current used bandwidth capacity of the network exit, and count the maximum value, minimum value and average value of the exit bandwidth utilization rate based on the continuously collected exit bandwidth utilization rate data within a preset time window.

[0065] Specifically, in order to obtain the initial residual bandwidth, first of all, the total bandwidth capacity of the network outlet and the current used bandwidth capacity need to be obtained. Among them, the total bandwidth capacity is the maximum bandwidth configuration value of the network outlet, and the current used bandwidth capacity is obtained by real-time collection of the traffic collection module at the outlet. Subtract the current used bandwidth capacity from the total bandwidth capacity to obtain the current theoretical residual bandwidth capacity. For example, when the total bandwidth capacity of the network outlet is 1000Mbps, and the current used bandwidth capacity is 600Mbps, the current theoretical residual bandwidth capacity is calculated to be 400Mbps. At the same time, in order to master the change characteristics of bandwidth usage, the system continuously collects outlet bandwidth utilization data in a preset time window (for example, 5 minutes) at a fixed sampling period (for example, 1 second), and statistically analyzes the collected data to obtain the maximum, minimum and average of the outlet bandwidth utilization in the time window. These statistical values will be used for subsequent bandwidth usage stability evaluation.

[0066] Step 102: Calculate the bandwidth utilization fluctuation amplitude based on the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value, and judge the bandwidth usage stability level of the network outlet according to the bandwidth utilization fluctuation amplitude.

[0067] Specifically, in order to evaluate the bandwidth usage stability of the network outlet, the system calculates the bandwidth utilization fluctuation amplitude based on the obtained maximum and minimum values of the outlet bandwidth utilization. The specific calculation method is: subtract the minimum value from the maximum value to obtain the difference, and divide the difference by the average value to obtain the fluctuation amplitude. For example, if in the preset time window, the maximum value of the outlet bandwidth utilization is 80%, the minimum value is 40%, and the average value is 60%, then the calculated fluctuation amplitude is (80%-40%) / 60%=66.7%. According to the calculated bandwidth utilization fluctuation amplitude, set multiple stability level thresholds, when the fluctuation amplitude is less than 20%, it is determined as high stability level, when the fluctuation amplitude is between 20%-50%, it is determined as medium stability level, and when the fluctuation amplitude is greater than 50%, it is determined as low stability level. In this way, the bandwidth usage stability of the network outlet can be accurately evaluated.

[0068] Step 103: When the bandwidth usage stability level is high, positively compensate the current theoretical residual bandwidth capacity, and when the bandwidth usage stability level is low, negatively compensate the current theoretical residual bandwidth capacity.

[0069] Specifically, based on the determined bandwidth use stability level, the current theoretical residual bandwidth capacity is adjusted accordingly. When it is determined to be a high stability level, it indicates that the bandwidth use of the network exit is relatively stable, and the fluctuation risk is small. At this time, positive compensation can be carried out, that is, a certain proportion is added to the current theoretical residual bandwidth capacity. Specifically, the compensation coefficient of the high stability level is set to 1.2, and the current theoretical residual bandwidth capacity is multiplied by the coefficient for positive compensation. When it is determined to be a low stability level, it indicates that the bandwidth use of the network exit fluctuates greatly, and a certain bandwidth margin needs to be reserved. At this time, negative compensation is carried out, and the compensation coefficient of the low stability level is set to 0.8. The current theoretical residual bandwidth capacity is multiplied by the coefficient for negative compensation. Through this compensation mechanism, bandwidth resources can be fully utilized, and the fluctuation risk of bandwidth use can be prevented.

[0070] Step 104: Obtain the deviation of the compensated exit bandwidth utilization rate from the average value, and when the deviation exceeds the preset deviation threshold, the compensated residual bandwidth capacity is secondarily modified, and the modification amplitude is positively correlated with the deviation.

[0071] Specifically, in order to avoid excessive deviation of the compensated bandwidth utilization rate, secondary modification is needed. First, the compensated exit bandwidth utilization rate is calculated, and the compensated residual bandwidth capacity is converted into the corresponding bandwidth utilization rate. Then, the deviation between the utilization rate and the obtained average value is calculated. The deviation calculation method is: the difference between the two is divided by the average value. When the calculated deviation exceeds the preset deviation threshold (for example, 30%), secondary modification is needed. The modification amplitude is positively correlated with the deviation, and is specifically realized by setting a modification coefficient. The calculation formula of the modification coefficient is: 1±(deviation-preset deviation threshold)×0.5, wherein the minus sign is taken when the deviation is positive, and the plus sign is taken when the deviation is negative. The compensated residual bandwidth capacity is multiplied by the modification coefficient to obtain the secondarily modified result.

[0072] Step 105: Output the exit residual bandwidth capacity after compensation and modification.

[0073] Specifically, the exit residual bandwidth capacity after compensation and modification is output as the final result. The system stores the result in the bandwidth resource management module for subsequent dynamic bandwidth allocation. At the same time, the intermediate parameters in the calculation process (such as bandwidth utilization rate statistical value, fluctuation amplitude, stability level, compensation coefficient, modification coefficient, etc.) are recorded to the system log for subsequent analysis and optimization. Through this multi-level bandwidth capacity calculation method, both the current bandwidth use condition and the statistical characteristics of historical data are considered, so that the finally determined exit residual bandwidth capacity is more accurate and reasonable.

[0074] Step 20: Obtain the interface weight parameters of the interfaces to which the authentication terminals accessing the network outlet belong, and collect the bandwidth usage fluctuation characteristics of all authentication terminals under each interface within a preset time window, and calculate the interface stability coefficients of each interface based on the bandwidth usage fluctuation characteristics.

[0075] The interface weight parameter refers to the priority weight value pre-configured for each interface in the network, which is used to distinguish the business importance and bandwidth allocation priority of different interfaces.

[0076] Specifically, in the network bandwidth allocation system, due to the differences in the types of services carried, the number of terminals, and the application scenarios, the demand degree and usage stability of bandwidth resources of different interfaces are significantly different. If a unified standard is used for bandwidth allocation, it will not be able to meet the differentiated business needs, so it is necessary to configure individualized bandwidth resources according to the importance and actual usage characteristics of the interfaces. The system first accesses the bandwidth management configuration database to obtain the interface weight parameters of the interfaces to which the authentication terminals accessing the network outlet belong. The interface weight parameter is a value pre-configured by the network administrator according to the business importance of different interfaces, which is used to reflect the priority degree of each interface in bandwidth resource allocation. For example, the interface carrying the core business system can be configured with a higher interface weight parameter such as 0.8 or 0.9, while the interface carrying general office applications is configured with a lower interface weight parameter such as 0.3 or 0.4. Through this weight mechanism, it can ensure that critical businesses obtain preferential bandwidth protection.

[0077] However, relying solely on the statically configured interface weight parameter cannot fully reflect the actual running status of the interface, because even if the interfaces have the same weight, the bandwidth usage behavior of the authentication terminals under them can be very different. Some terminals under some interfaces have relatively stable traffic, while some terminals under some interfaces frequently generate burst traffic. In order to more accurately evaluate the bandwidth usage characteristics of each interface, the system needs to collect the bandwidth usage fluctuation characteristics of all authentication terminals under each interface within a preset time window. The preset time window can be set to the last 5 minutes, 10 minutes, or 15 minutes. The system continuously tracks the real-time bandwidth usage of each authentication terminal under each interface through the traffic monitoring module, records the bandwidth usage values of each authentication terminal at each sampling time within the time window, and forms time series data reflecting the changes in terminal traffic.

[0078] The system statistically analyzes the bandwidth usage data of all authentication terminals under each interface, calculates the bandwidth usage variance or standard deviation of each terminal as the fluctuation index of the terminal, and the greater the variance or standard deviation value, the more intense the traffic fluctuation of the terminal. The system performs a weighted average on the fluctuation indexes of all authentication terminals under a certain interface to obtain the comprehensive bandwidth usage fluctuation characteristic value of the interface. On this basis, the system calculates the interface stability coefficient of each interface based on the bandwidth usage fluctuation characteristics. The specific calculation method is to subtract the comprehensive bandwidth usage fluctuation characteristic value of the interface from a preset reference stability value and then divide by the reference stability value, or to normalize the fluctuation characteristic value in the form of its inverse. The numerical range of the interface stability coefficient is usually set between 0 and 1, and the closer the value is to 1, the more stable the traffic under the interface, and the closer the value is to 0, the more intense the traffic fluctuation.

[0079] As an optional embodiment, the step of collecting the bandwidth usage fluctuation characteristics of all authentication terminals under each interface within a preset time window and calculating the interface stability coefficient of each interface based on the bandwidth usage fluctuation characteristics can further include the following steps:

[0080] Step 201: Collect the bandwidth usage time series data of all authentication terminals under each interface within a preset time window, and identify abnormal bandwidth events. When the deviation of the bandwidth usage values of consecutive multiple sampling points from the bandwidth usage mean value of the previous time period exceeds a preset abnormal threshold, the corresponding time period is marked as an abnormal bandwidth event.

[0081] Specifically, in the actual network environment, the bandwidth usage data of the authentication terminal may have short and sharp abnormal fluctuations due to network attacks, device failures or abnormal application behaviors. These abnormal fluctuations cannot truly reflect the normal stability characteristics of the interface, and if the abnormal data is included in the calculation, it will lead to distorted evaluation results. The system collects the bandwidth usage time series data of all authentication terminals under each interface within a preset time window. This time series data records the actual bandwidth usage value of each authentication terminal at each sampling time, and the sampling period is set to 1 second or 5 seconds. The system identifies abnormal bandwidth events from the collected bandwidth usage time series data. The specific method is to set the length of the preceding time period to the last 30 seconds or 60 seconds, and calculate the bandwidth usage mean of each authentication terminal in this preceding time period as the reference benchmark for normal usage. The system checks the bandwidth usage value of each subsequent sampling point one by one, calculates the deviation between the bandwidth usage value of this sampling point and the bandwidth usage mean of the preceding time period, and obtains the relative deviation by dividing the absolute difference by the mean. The system pre-sets the preset abnormal threshold to be more than 200% or more than 3 times the standard deviation of the deviation. When the deviation of the bandwidth usage value of a plurality of consecutive sampling points, for example, 3 or 5 consecutive sampling points, from the bandwidth usage mean of the preceding time period exceeds the preset abnormal threshold, the system marks the time period corresponding to these consecutive sampling points as an abnormal bandwidth event, and records the start time and end time of the abnormal event, providing a basis for subsequent data filtering.

[0082] Step 202: Count the number of abnormal bandwidth events and the cumulative duration of each interface, calculate the abnormal event proportion parameter, and construct the abnormal filtering weight based on the abnormal event proportion parameter.

[0083] Specifically, after identifying the abnormal bandwidth events, the system needs to quantitatively evaluate the influence degree of these abnormal events on the overall stability of the interface, because the frequency and duration of abnormal events directly reflect the reliability of the interface running environment. The system traverses all the abnormal bandwidth events identified by each interface within the preset time window, and counts the number of abnormal bandwidth events of each interface, which represents the frequency of abnormal fluctuations of the interface. At the same time, the system accumulates the duration of each abnormal bandwidth event to obtain the cumulative duration of abnormal bandwidth events of each interface, which reflects the total time proportion of the interface in the abnormal state. The system calculates the abnormal event proportion parameter based on the number of abnormal bandwidth events and the cumulative duration obtained by statistics, which is specifically to divide the cumulative duration of abnormal bandwidth events by the total duration of the preset time window to obtain the percentage of abnormal time period in the total observation time. For example, when the preset time window is 600 seconds and the cumulative duration of abnormal bandwidth events is 90 seconds, the abnormal event proportion parameter is 15%. The system constructs an abnormal filtering weight based on the abnormal event proportion parameter, and the construction method is to subtract the abnormal event proportion parameter from 1, so that the higher the abnormal event proportion parameter, the smaller the abnormal filtering weight. For example, when the abnormal event proportion parameter is 15%, the abnormal filtering weight is 0.85, and when the abnormal event proportion parameter is close to 0, the abnormal filtering weight is close to 1.

[0084] Step 203: Remove or weight the time period corresponding to the abnormal bandwidth event from the bandwidth usage time series data to obtain the filtered effective bandwidth usage sequence.

[0085] Specifically, in order to calculate the interface stability based on real and reliable data, the system needs to clean the bandwidth usage time series data to exclude the interference of abnormal bandwidth events. The system performs filtering processing operation on the bandwidth usage time series data of each interface according to the time period information of the marked abnormal bandwidth events. The filtering processing adopts the removal processing method, that is, all data points in the time period corresponding to the marked abnormal bandwidth event are completely deleted from the bandwidth usage time series data, and only the data points in the normal time period are retained. Or adopt the weight reduction processing method, that is, retain the data points in the abnormal time period but give them a lower weight coefficient, for example, set the weight of abnormal data points to 0.1 or 0.2, while the weight of normal data points remains 1, and in subsequent statistical calculation, the data points are weighted according to the weight. The system selects to use removal or weight reduction according to the actual application scenario, when the duration of abnormal events is short and the proportion is low, the removal method can obtain more pure effective data, while when the abnormal event proportion is high or the complete time axis information needs to be retained, the weight reduction method is more appropriate. After processing, the system obtains the filtered effective bandwidth usage sequence, which is mainly composed of bandwidth usage data of the interface in the normal and stable state, and can more truly reflect the normal operation characteristics of the interface.

[0086] Step 204: Calculate the effective coefficient of variation of the effective bandwidth usage sequence, and calculate the stable persistence coefficient based on the proportion of continuous stable time periods in the effective bandwidth usage sequence.

[0087] Specifically, based on the filtered effective bandwidth usage sequence, the system quantitatively evaluates the stability characteristics of the interface from multiple dimensions. The system first calculates the effective coefficient of variation of the effective bandwidth usage sequence. Specifically, it first calculates the standard deviation of all data points in the effective bandwidth usage sequence, and then divides the standard deviation by the average value of the sequence to obtain a normalized variation degree index. The smaller the value of the effective coefficient of variation, the smaller the fluctuation amplitude of the bandwidth usage relative to the average level, and the more stable the interface runs. The system also needs to evaluate the duration capability of the interface stable state, i.e. whether the interface can maintain a relatively stable bandwidth usage level for a long time. The system identifies the continuous stable time periods in the effective bandwidth usage sequence, sets the stable judgment threshold to require that the deviation of the bandwidth usage value of each sampling point in the continuous time period relative to the average value of the time period does not exceed 20% or 30%, and at the same time requires the minimum duration of the continuous time period to be at least 30 seconds or 60 seconds. The system traverses the effective bandwidth usage sequence, identifies all continuous stable time periods that meet the conditions, and counts the cumulative duration of these continuous stable time periods. The system calculates the stable persistence coefficient based on the proportion of continuous stable time periods in the effective bandwidth usage sequence, which is obtained by dividing the cumulative duration of the continuous stable time periods by the total duration of the effective bandwidth usage sequence. The higher the value of the stable persistence coefficient, the longer the interface can maintain a stable running state, and the stronger the anti-interference ability.

[0088] Step 205: Weighted calculation of the effective coefficient of variation, the abnormal filtering weight and the stable persistence coefficient to obtain the interface stability coefficient of each interface.

[0089] Specifically, the system comprehensively considers three parameters reflecting the interface stability from different angles, i.e., the effective variation coefficient, the abnormal filtering weight and the stable persistence coefficient, and obtains the interface stability coefficient of each interface through weighted calculation. Since the effective variation coefficient reflects the fluctuation amplitude and the smaller the value is, the more stable it is, the system first performs reverse conversion on it, i.e., dividing 1 by the sum of the effective variation coefficient plus 1, or subtracting the effective variation coefficient from the maximum threshold value and then normalizing, to obtain the converted stability score, so that the larger the value is, the more stable it represents. The system sets weight coefficients for the three parameters, for example, sets the weight of the converted effective variation coefficient as 0.4, sets the weight of the abnormal filtering weight as 0.3, and sets the weight of the stable persistence coefficient as 0.3, and the sum of the weight coefficients is 1. The system multiplies the converted effective variation coefficient by its corresponding weight, multiplies the abnormal filtering weight by its corresponding weight, and multiplies the stable persistence coefficient by its corresponding weight, and then sums the weighted results of the three to obtain the interface stability coefficient of each interface. The interface stability coefficient comprehensively reflects the fluctuation degree of the interface bandwidth usage, the influence of abnormal events and the persistence ability of the stable state, and the value range is between 0 and 1, and the closer the value is to 1, the more stable and reliable the interface is.

[0090] Step 30: calculating the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of each interface according to the export residual bandwidth capacity, the interface weight parameter and the interface stability coefficient.

[0091] Specifically, since the total bandwidth capacity of the network export is limited, after deducting the bandwidth allocated to the existing authenticated terminal, the remaining export residual bandwidth capacity needs to be scientifically allocated according to the importance and stability characteristics of each interface. If an average allocation method is used, the differences in business priority and interface running characteristics cannot be reflected, resulting in that the key business cannot be fully guaranteed and the low-priority business occupies too many resources. The system first obtains the export residual bandwidth capacity of the current network export, which is obtained by subtracting the sum of the bandwidth currently occupied by all authenticated terminals from the total bandwidth capacity of the network export, representing the total amount of bandwidth resources currently available for allocation. The system calculates the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of each interface according to the export residual bandwidth capacity, the interface weight parameter and the interface stability coefficient. The specific calculation process is that the system first multiplies the interface weight parameter of a certain interface with the interface stability coefficient of the interface to obtain the comprehensive weight index of the interface, which reflects the characteristics of both business importance and running stability. The system calculates the sum of the comprehensive weight indexes of all interfaces as a normalization base, and then divides the comprehensive weight index of a certain interface by the normalization base to obtain the allocation proportion coefficient of the interface in the export residual bandwidth capacity. The system multiplies the allocation proportion coefficient by the export residual bandwidth capacity to obtain the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of the interface.

[0092] As an optional embodiment, the step of calculating the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of each interface according to the export residual bandwidth capacity, the interface weight parameter and the interface stability coefficient can further comprise the following steps:

[0093] Step 301: dividing the export residual bandwidth capacity into a basic allocation pool and a stability compensation pool.

[0094] Specifically, in order to achieve a more refined bandwidth allocation strategy, the system adopts a double-pool allocation mechanism to divide the export residual bandwidth capacity into a basic allocation pool and a stability compensation pool. The system first obtains the current export residual bandwidth capacity, and then divides it according to a preset allocation ratio, for example, 70% or 80% of the export residual bandwidth capacity is allocated to the basic allocation pool, and the remaining 20% or 30% is allocated to the stability compensation pool. The basic allocation pool is used to ensure that each interface can obtain basic bandwidth resources according to the business priority, and to ensure that all interfaces can obtain a basic bandwidth quota matching their importance. The stability compensation pool is used as an adjustment mechanism to reward and compensate interfaces with excellent stability performance, or to provide additional buffer bandwidth for interfaces with poor stability performance to cope with possible traffic fluctuations. Through this double-pool division mechanism, the system can ensure basic business needs while differentially adjusting according to the actual running stability of the interfaces.

[0095] Step 302: from the basic allocation pool, allocate bandwidth according to the interface weight parameters of each interface in proportion to calculate the basic bandwidth quota of each interface.

[0096] Specifically, the system extracts all bandwidth resources from the basic allocation pool and allocates them in proportion according to the interface weight parameters of each interface. The specific calculation process is that the system first traverses all interfaces, calculates the sum of the interface weight parameters of each interface as a normalization base, which represents the overall weight level of all interfaces. Then the system calculates the proportion of the interface weight parameter of each interface in the normalization base to obtain the basic allocation proportion coefficient of the interface, for example, if the interface weight parameter of an interface is 0.8 and the sum of all interface weight parameters is 5.0, the basic allocation proportion coefficient of the interface is 0.16. The system multiplies the basic allocation proportion coefficient by the total bandwidth capacity of the basic allocation pool to obtain the basic bandwidth quota of the interface. Through this weight-proportional allocation method, interfaces with higher interface weight parameters will obtain more basic bandwidth quota from the basic allocation pool, while interfaces with lower interface weight parameters will obtain relatively less basic bandwidth quota, thereby realizing differentiated bandwidth allocation according to business priority at the basic level.

[0097] Step 303: calculating the deviation value of the interface stability coefficient of each interface from the global average stability coefficient, which is the average value of the interface stability coefficients.

[0098] Specifically, the system first calculates the global average stability coefficient. The specific method is to traverse all interfaces to obtain the interface stability coefficient of each interface, and then sum all interface stability coefficients and divide by the total number of interfaces to obtain the global average stability coefficient reflecting the overall network stability level. The global average stability coefficient serves as a reference benchmark for evaluating the stability performance of each interface, and the value is usually between 0 and 1. The system calculates the deviation value of the interface stability coefficient of each interface from the global average stability coefficient one by one. Specifically, the interface stability coefficient of a certain interface is subtracted from the global average stability coefficient. The deviation value can be positive, negative or zero. When the deviation value is positive, it indicates that the stability performance of the interface is better than the overall average level. When the deviation value is negative, it indicates that the stability performance of the interface is lower than the overall average level. When the deviation value is zero, it indicates that the stability performance of the interface is equal to the average level.

[0099] Step 304: Construct a stability compensation coefficient based on the deviation value, which is obtained by nonlinear mapping of the deviation value.

[0100] Specifically, since the deviation value can exist in both positive and negative directions and the numerical range is not fixed, directly using the deviation value for bandwidth allocation can lead to unreasonable calculation results. Therefore, the system obtains the stability compensation coefficient by nonlinear mapping of the deviation value. The nonlinear mapping adopts the form of Sigmoid function or hyperbolic tangent function, etc., which maps the deviation value to a fixed numerical interval, such as between 0 and 2, so that the mapped stability compensation coefficient can reflect the direction of deviation and has a reasonable numerical range. The nonlinear mapping can be realized by Sigmoid function: stability compensation coefficient = 1 + tanh(k * deviation value), where k is an adjustment coefficient, so that the compensation coefficient is smoothly mapped to the interval (0, 2). Through this nonlinear mapping mechanism, the system converts the stability deviation into a standardized compensation coefficient, providing a unified calculation basis for subsequent differentiated bandwidth compensation allocation from the stability compensation pool.

[0101] Step 305: From the stability compensation pool, allocate compensation bandwidth according to the stability compensation coefficient of each interface, and synthesize the basic bandwidth quota and the compensation bandwidth of each interface to obtain the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of each interface.

[0102] Specifically, the system first calculates the sum of the stability compensation coefficients of all interfaces as a normalization base, and then calculates the proportion of the stability compensation coefficient of each interface in the normalization base to obtain the compensation allocation proportion of the interface. The system multiplies the compensation allocation proportion by the total bandwidth capacity of the stability compensation pool to obtain the compensation bandwidth of the interface. For example, if the stability compensation coefficient of a certain interface is 1.20, the sum of the stability compensation coefficients of all interfaces is 8.0, and the total capacity of the stability compensation pool is 100 Mbps, then the compensation bandwidth of the interface is 15 Mbps. Interfaces with excellent stability will obtain more compensation bandwidth from the compensation pool due to their higher stability compensation coefficients, while interfaces with poor stability will obtain less compensation bandwidth. The system synthesizes the basic bandwidth quota of each interface with the compensation bandwidth, specifically by directly adding the basic bandwidth quota of a certain interface to the compensation bandwidth of the interface to obtain the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of the interface.

[0103] Step 40: Calculate the bandwidth usage stability based on the historical bandwidth usage data of each authentication terminal, and determine the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight of each authentication terminal based on the current bandwidth usage state and the bandwidth usage stability of each authentication terminal.

[0104] Specifically, after determining the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of each interface, the system needs to further accurately allocate bandwidth resources to each authentication terminal. Due to the significant differences in bandwidth usage behavior of different authentication terminals, some terminals maintain stable bandwidth demand for a long time while some terminals frequently experience burst traffic. A uniform allocation strategy cannot meet the differentiated needs. The system calculates the bandwidth usage stability based on the historical bandwidth usage data of each authentication terminal. Specifically, the bandwidth usage records of each authentication terminal in the past period of time, such as the last 24 hours or 7 days, are extracted, the standard deviation and the average value of the bandwidth usage data in the period are calculated, and then the average value is subtracted from the standard deviation and divided by the average value to obtain the normalized bandwidth usage stability. The closer the value is to 1, the more stable the bandwidth usage of the terminal is. The system also obtains the current bandwidth usage state of each authentication terminal, including the current real-time bandwidth occupancy and the currently allocated bandwidth quota, and obtains the bandwidth usage rate by calculating the ratio of the current bandwidth occupancy to the allocated quota. The system determines the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight of each authentication terminal based on the current bandwidth usage state and the bandwidth usage stability of each authentication terminal, specifically by multiplying the bandwidth usage rate by a preset coefficient such as 0.6, multiplying the bandwidth usage stability by another preset coefficient such as 0.4, and adding the two values to obtain the comprehensive score value of the terminal. The system calculates the sum of the comprehensive score values of all authentication terminals under the same interface as a normalization base, and then divides the comprehensive score value of a certain authentication terminal by the normalization base to obtain the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight of the authentication terminal, which represents the proportion of the share that the terminal should obtain in the allocable bandwidth of the interface.

[0105] As an optional embodiment, the step of calculating the bandwidth usage stability based on the historical bandwidth usage data of each authentication terminal, and determining the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight of each authentication terminal in combination with the current bandwidth usage state and the bandwidth usage stability of each authentication terminal, can further include the following steps:

[0106] Step 401: Obtain the historical bandwidth usage data of each authentication terminal within a preset historical time period, and establish the bandwidth usage feature map of each authentication terminal based on the historical bandwidth usage data.

[0107] Specifically, the conventional bandwidth usage stability calculation method usually only uses statistical indicators such as variance or standard deviation. Although this method can reflect the overall fluctuation of data, it cannot accurately depict the distribution characteristics and change rules of bandwidth usage in the time dimension, especially for bandwidth usage behaviors with periodic fluctuations or multi-peak distribution. The system obtains the historical bandwidth usage data of each authentication terminal within a preset historical time period, which can be set to the last 7 days, 14 days or 30 days. The system extracts the bandwidth usage records of each authentication terminal at each time within the time period from the bandwidth monitoring database, forming a complete historical bandwidth usage data sequence. The system establishes the bandwidth usage feature map of each authentication terminal based on the historical bandwidth usage data. The specific establishment method is to divide the historical time period into multiple time segments, for example, in units of hours or half hours, and count the average bandwidth usage of the authentication terminal in each time segment to form a bandwidth usage feature map reflecting the trend of bandwidth usage over time. This map can intuitively show the bandwidth usage mode of the authentication terminal in different time periods, including peak usage period, valley usage period and periodic change rules of bandwidth usage.

[0108] Step 402: Extract the bandwidth peak feature points and valley feature points in the bandwidth usage feature map, and construct a feature point sequence.

[0109] Specifically, all data points in the bandwidth usage feature map are traversed to identify the bandwidth peak feature points and the valley feature points. The identification condition of the bandwidth peak feature point is that the bandwidth usage of a data point is greater than the bandwidth usage of its adjacent data points, and the bandwidth usage of the data point exceeds a certain percentage of the overall average bandwidth usage, for example, 120% or 150%. The data point meeting the conditions is marked as a bandwidth peak feature point, which represents that the authentication terminal has a relatively high bandwidth usage demand at this time. The identification condition of the valley feature point is that the bandwidth usage of a data point is less than the bandwidth usage of its adjacent data points, and the bandwidth usage of the data point is lower than a certain percentage of the overall average bandwidth usage, for example, 80% or 50%. The data point meeting the conditions is marked as a valley feature point, which represents that the bandwidth usage demand at this time is low. The system arranges all the extracted bandwidth peak feature points and valley feature points in time sequence to construct a feature point sequence, which records the time position and corresponding bandwidth usage value of each feature point.

[0110] Step 403: Calculate the bandwidth usage stability based on the dispersion degree of the feature point sequence.

[0111] Specifically, the system calculates the bandwidth usage stability based on the dispersion degree of the feature point sequence, and the specific calculation method includes evaluation in multiple dimensions. First, the system calculates the numerical standard deviation of all peak feature points and the numerical standard deviation of all valley feature points in the feature point sequence. The greater the standard deviation, the greater the difference between the peak and valley, and the stronger the volatility. The system also calculates the average difference between the peak feature points and the valley feature points, which reflects the swing amplitude of the bandwidth usage between the peak and the valley. The greater the difference, the more intense the fluctuation. The system further analyzes the distribution density of the feature points in the time dimension, calculates the variance of the time interval between adjacent feature points, and the greater the variance, the more unstable the frequency of the feature points, sometimes appearing densely and sometimes not appearing for a long time. The system normalizes and weights the peak-valley numerical standard deviation, the peak-valley average difference, and the time interval variance to obtain a comprehensive dispersion degree index. Then, the maximum dispersion threshold is subtracted from the comprehensive dispersion degree index and then divided by the maximum dispersion threshold to obtain a bandwidth usage stability value between 0 and 1. The closer the value is to 1, the more stable the bandwidth usage.

[0112] Step 404: Collect the current bandwidth usage state of each authentication terminal to determine the bandwidth resource allocation reference value.

[0113] Specifically, the system collects the current bandwidth usage state of each authentication terminal, and the specific collected information includes the current real-time bandwidth occupancy, the current allocated bandwidth quota, and the current bandwidth usage duration. The real-time bandwidth flow value currently used by each authentication terminal is obtained, which represents the actual occupancy of the terminal at this moment. The system queries the bandwidth allocation record database to obtain the bandwidth quota currently allocated to the authentication terminal, which is the bandwidth upper limit reserved for the terminal by the previous allocation strategy. The system calculates the ratio of the current real-time bandwidth occupancy to the current allocated bandwidth quota to obtain the current bandwidth usage rate, which reflects the utilization degree of the allocated bandwidth resources by the terminal. The higher the usage rate, the more vigorous the bandwidth demand of the terminal. The system determines the bandwidth resource allocation benchmark value based on the current bandwidth usage rate, specifically by multiplying the current bandwidth usage rate by a preset benchmark coefficient such as 1.0 or 1.2 to obtain the initial allocation benchmark of the authentication terminal in this bandwidth allocation, which reflects the bandwidth demand degree based on the current usage state.

[0114] Step 405: Adjusting the bandwidth resource allocation benchmark value according to the bandwidth usage stability to generate the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight of each authentication terminal.

[0115] Specifically, the bandwidth resource allocation benchmark value and the bandwidth usage stability are fused and calculated. The system adopts a weighted product method, multiplies the bandwidth resource allocation benchmark value by a stability adjustment factor, which is calculated based on the bandwidth usage stability. For example, it can be set to 0.5 plus 0.5 times the bandwidth usage stability. In this way, when the bandwidth usage stability is 1, the adjustment factor is 1, and when the stability is 0, the adjustment factor is 0.5. The system multiplies the bandwidth resource allocation benchmark value by the stability adjustment factor to obtain the adjusted weight basis value of the authentication terminal. Since multiple authentication terminals under the same interface need to share the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of the interface, the system needs to normalize the weight basis value. Specifically, the sum of the weight basis values of all authentication terminals under the same interface is calculated, and then the weight basis value of a certain authentication terminal is divided by the sum to obtain the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight of the authentication terminal, which represents the proportion of the share that the terminal should obtain in the allocable bandwidth of the interface.

[0116] As an optional embodiment, the historical bandwidth usage data of each authentication terminal is obtained within a preset historical time period, and the step of establishing the bandwidth usage feature map of each authentication terminal based on the historical bandwidth usage data can further include the following steps:

[0117] Step 501: Within a preset historical time period, the bandwidth usage data of each authentication terminal is continuously collected at a fixed sampling interval to form a bandwidth usage time series data set.

[0118] Specifically, the system continuously collects bandwidth usage data of each authentication terminal within a preset historical time period. The preset historical time period is set according to the actual application scenario requirements, for example, it can be set to the last 7 days or the last 30 days. The system samples the bandwidth usage data of each authentication terminal according to a fixed sampling interval, which can be set to 1 minute, 5 minutes, 15 minutes or 1 hour, etc. At each sampling time, the system records the current real-time bandwidth occupancy of each authentication terminal, which is expressed in Mbps or Kbps, indicating the actual network bandwidth used by the authentication terminal at that time. The system arranges the multiple sampling point data collected continuously in chronological order to form a bandwidth usage time series data set. The bandwidth usage time series data set contains information of two dimensions of time stamp and corresponding bandwidth usage, the time stamp identifies the specific time of data collection, and the bandwidth usage records the actual bandwidth occupancy at that time.

[0119] Step 502: Construct a two-dimensional bandwidth feature coordinate system with bandwidth usage as the vertical axis and time as the horizontal axis based on the bandwidth usage time series data set.

[0120] Specifically, the system constructs a two-dimensional bandwidth feature coordinate system based on the bandwidth usage time series data set, which is used to visually display the bandwidth usage change rule of the authentication terminal. The two-dimensional bandwidth feature coordinate system adopts the form of Cartesian coordinate system, with the horizontal axis representing the time dimension and the vertical axis representing the bandwidth usage dimension. The starting point of the horizontal axis time scale is set to the starting time of the preset historical time period, and the ending point is set to the ending time of the preset historical time period. The time scale is uniformly divided according to the sampling interval, for example, when the sampling interval is 5 minutes and the historical time period is 7 days, the horizontal axis will contain 2016 time scale points. The range of the vertical axis bandwidth usage scale is set according to the minimum bandwidth usage and the maximum bandwidth usage in the time series data set. The system respectively extends a certain margin downward and upward based on the minimum value and the maximum value, for example, 10% to 20%, to ensure that all data points can be completely displayed within the coordinate system. The vertical axis scale can adopt linear scale or logarithmic scale, when the numerical range of bandwidth usage is large, logarithmic scale can more clearly display the bandwidth usage of different orders of magnitude. The system labels the units of the horizontal axis and the vertical axis in the coordinate system, the horizontal axis unit is time unit such as hour or day, and the vertical axis unit is bandwidth unit such as Mbps or Gbps.

[0121] Step 503: Draw the bandwidth usage trajectory line of each authentication terminal in the two-dimensional bandwidth feature coordinate system, which reflects the change trend of bandwidth usage with time.

[0122] Specifically, the system traverses each data point in the bandwidth usage time series dataset, each data point consisting of a timestamp and a corresponding bandwidth usage amount. The system maps the timestamp of the data point to the horizontal axis position of the coordinate system and maps the bandwidth usage amount to the vertical axis position of the coordinate system, thereby determining the spatial coordinate position of the data point in the coordinate system. The system sequentially connects adjacent data points with line segments in chronological order to form a continuous bandwidth usage trajectory line. The trajectory line reflects the trend of the bandwidth usage amount of the authentication terminal changing over time, with an upward trajectory line indicating an increase in the bandwidth usage amount, a downward trajectory line indicating a decrease in the bandwidth usage amount, and a flat trajectory line indicating that the bandwidth usage amount remains relatively stable. The system can use different line styles or colors to distinguish the trajectory lines of different authentication terminals, facilitating comparative analysis of the bandwidth usage of multiple authentication terminals in the same coordinate system. For data-intensive time periods, the system can perform smoothing processing on the trajectory line, using moving average or spline interpolation algorithms to reduce the jagged fluctuations of the trajectory line and make the overall trend of the trajectory line clearer.

[0123] Step 504: Connect the adjacent peak feature points and valley feature points on the bandwidth usage trajectory line to obtain the bandwidth usage feature map of each authentication terminal.

[0124] Specifically, first, identify the peak feature points and valley feature points on the bandwidth usage trajectory line. A peak feature point is a point on the trajectory line where the bandwidth usage amount reaches a local maximum, and a valley feature point is a point on the trajectory line where the bandwidth usage amount reaches a local minimum. The system uses a sliding window algorithm to identify feature points. Set a time window. If the bandwidth usage amount of a data point is greater than all other data points within the window, mark the point as a peak feature point. If the bandwidth usage amount of a data point is less than all other data points within the window, mark the point as a valley feature point. The system sequentially connects adjacent peak feature points and valley feature points in chronological order to form a feature connection line. The feature connection line highlights the fluctuation skeleton of the bandwidth usage, with the connection line between adjacent peak points reflecting the duration of the high bandwidth usage stage, the connection line between adjacent valley points reflecting the duration of the low bandwidth usage stage, and the connection line between a peak point and a valley point reflecting the amplitude of the bandwidth usage change. The system superimposes the original bandwidth usage trajectory line and the feature connection line to form a complete bandwidth usage feature map. The feature map retains the detailed change information of the original trajectory line and highlights the key fluctuation features through the feature connection line, facilitating subsequent analysis of the stability and periodicity of the bandwidth usage of each authentication terminal.

[0125] See Figure 2A bandwidth usage feature map of a single authentication terminal is provided in an embodiment of the present application, in which the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents bandwidth usage (e.g., Mbps). The bandwidth usage trajectory (blue solid line): is drawn according to the original bandwidth data collected at fixed intervals, reflecting the real-time and detailed changes in bandwidth usage. The peak / valley feature points (red / green dots): are local maximum (peak) and minimum (valley) values of bandwidth usage identified on the trajectory by an algorithm. The feature connection line (orange dotted line): connects adjacent peak and valley feature points in chronological order, forming the skeleton of the bandwidth usage pattern and highlighting the main fluctuation trend. By analyzing the dispersion degree of the sequence of feature points in the bandwidth usage feature map (such as the difference between peak and valley values, the numerical standard deviation between peak points, the variance of the time interval at which feature points appear, etc.), the stability of the bandwidth usage of the terminal can be quantitatively evaluated. For example, a terminal with a large peak-valley difference, a large numerical fluctuation of feature points, and irregular occurrence times has a low bandwidth usage stability. Conversely, it has a high stability.

[0126] Step 50: Obtain the dynamic additional bandwidth from the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of the interface according to the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight, synthesize the fixed basic bandwidth of each authentication terminal with the dynamic additional bandwidth, generate the target bandwidth allocation value of each authentication terminal, and allocate bandwidth to each authentication terminal according to the target bandwidth allocation value.

[0127] Specifically, the system first queries the total bandwidth capacity and the total amount of allocated fixed basic bandwidth of each interface, and the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of the interface is obtained by subtracting the two. The system obtains the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight of all authentication terminals under the interface, multiplies the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight of a certain authentication terminal by the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of the interface, and calculates the dynamic additional bandwidth value that the authentication terminal should obtain. The system reads the fixed basic bandwidth of the authentication terminal from the bandwidth configuration database, which is a pre-allocated guarantee bandwidth according to the business type or user level. The system adds the fixed basic bandwidth and the dynamic additional bandwidth to generate the target bandwidth allocation value of the authentication terminal, which contains both the guarantee part of the fixed bandwidth and the elastic part of the bandwidth dynamically adjusted according to the current usage status and historical stability. The system sends bandwidth configuration instructions to the switch or router through the network device control interface, the instructions carrying the identification information and the target bandwidth allocation value of the authentication terminal, and the network device updates the bandwidth limit parameters of the authentication terminal according to the instructions, sets the upper limit of the available bandwidth to the target bandwidth allocation value, thereby completing the bandwidth allocation.

[0128] As an optional embodiment, the step of obtaining the dynamic additional bandwidth from the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of the interface according to the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight can further include the following steps:

[0129] Step 601: Based on the current bandwidth usage state and bandwidth usage stability of each authentication terminal, the bandwidth demand prediction value of each authentication terminal is calculated.

[0130] Specifically, the system first acquires the current real-time bandwidth occupancy and the current bandwidth usage rate of each authentication terminal, and the current bandwidth usage rate is equal to the current real-time bandwidth occupancy divided by the total bandwidth capacity allocated to the terminal. The system takes the current real-time bandwidth occupancy as the basic data for demand prediction, and then judges the bandwidth resource shortage degree of the terminal according to the current bandwidth usage rate. When the bandwidth usage rate is higher than a preset high usage rate threshold, for example, 80%, it indicates that the authentication terminal has a strong demand for bandwidth, and the system compares the current real-time bandwidth occupancy with the average bandwidth occupancy of the terminal in the historical peak period, and takes the larger value as the reference benchmark for demand prediction. When the bandwidth usage rate is lower than a preset low usage rate threshold, for example, 40%, the system directly takes the current real-time bandwidth occupancy as the reference benchmark for demand prediction. The system further modifies the reference benchmark in combination with the bandwidth usage stability. For authentication terminals with high bandwidth usage stability, the bandwidth demand fluctuation is small, and the prediction reliability is high, so the system directly takes the reference benchmark as the bandwidth demand prediction value. For authentication terminals with low bandwidth usage stability, the bandwidth demand fluctuation is large, and there is a possibility of sudden increase, so the system increases a certain percentage of safety redundancy, for example, 10% to 20%, on the basis of the reference benchmark to obtain the bandwidth demand prediction value of the authentication terminal, thereby comprehensively considering the current usage state and historical stability to accurately predict the future bandwidth demand.

[0131] Step 602: Based on the product of the bandwidth demand prediction value and the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight, the reference allocation amount of the dynamic additional bandwidth is determined.

[0132] Specifically, the system performs a multiplication operation on the bandwidth demand prediction value of a certain authentication terminal and its dynamic bandwidth allocation weight to obtain the reference allocation amount initial value of the authentication terminal. The reference allocation amount initial value obtained after the multiplication is still a bandwidth value unit, for example, Mbps. The system performs a reasonableness check on the reference allocation amount initial value, checks whether the value exceeds the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of the interface, and if the reference allocation amount initial value of a certain authentication terminal is too large and exceeds the reasonable range, the system performs an upper limit truncation processing on it, and limits the value within a preset percentage range of the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of the interface, for example, not more than 50% or 60% of the allocable capacity. The system determines the value after the check and possible truncation processing as the reference allocation amount of the dynamic additional bandwidth of the authentication terminal, which comprehensively reflects the actual demand of the authentication terminal and its weight status in bandwidth allocation.

[0133] Step 603: The ratio of the sum of the reference allocation amounts of all authentication terminals under the same interface to the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of the corresponding interface is calculated as the bandwidth allocation adjustment coefficient.

[0134] Specifically, the system first traverses all authentication terminals under a certain interface, obtains the reference allocation amount of the dynamic additional bandwidth of each authentication terminal, accumulates and sums the reference allocation amounts to obtain the total reference allocation amount of all authentication terminals under the interface. The system queries the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of the interface from the interface configuration database, which is equal to the total bandwidth capacity of the interface minus the total amount of the already allocated fixed basic bandwidth. The system divides the total reference allocation amount by the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity to obtain the bandwidth allocation adjustment coefficient of the interface.

[0135] Step 604: When the bandwidth allocation adjustment coefficient is greater than 1, the reference allocation amount of each terminal is proportionally reduced according to the proportion of the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight to obtain the dynamic additional bandwidth corresponding to the authentication terminal.

[0136] Specifically, when the total bandwidth demand exceeds the allocable capacity, it is necessary to compress the allocation amount as a whole under the premise of maintaining the proportional fairness of the allocation of each terminal to ensure that the interface capacity limit is not exceeded. That is, when the bandwidth allocation adjustment coefficient is greater than 1, the proportional reduction process is started. The system calculates the reduction proportion coefficient, which is equal to the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity divided by the total reference allocation amount, that is, the inverse of the bandwidth allocation adjustment coefficient. Since the bandwidth allocation adjustment coefficient is greater than 1, the value of the reduction proportion coefficient is less than 1. The system traverses all authentication terminals under the interface, and multiplies the reference allocation amount of each authentication terminal by the reduction proportion coefficient to obtain the reduced dynamic additional bandwidth value. Since all authentication terminals use the same reduction proportion coefficient for reduction, the proportional relationship of the dynamic additional bandwidth between terminals remains consistent with the proportion of the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight, ensuring the fairness of the allocation. The system stores the reduced dynamic additional bandwidth value in the bandwidth allocation record of the corresponding authentication terminal, thereby realizing the proportional fair bandwidth allocation according to the weight under the interface capacity constraint.

[0137] Step 605: When the bandwidth allocation adjustment coefficient is less than or equal to 1, the reference allocation amount is taken as the dynamic additional bandwidth of the corresponding authentication terminal.

[0138] Specifically, when the total bandwidth demand does not exceed the allocable capacity, there is no need to compress and adjust to directly meet the reference allocation demand of each terminal, thereby maximizing the satisfaction of the actual bandwidth use needs of the authentication terminal. When the bandwidth allocation adjustment coefficient is less than or equal to 1, the system indicates that the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of the interface is sufficient to fully meet the reference allocation amount demand of all authentication terminals. The system traverses all authentication terminals under the interface, and directly takes the reference allocation amount determined in step 602 as the dynamic additional bandwidth of each authentication terminal without any reduction or adjustment processing.

[0139] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer storage medium, which can store a plurality of instructions, the instructions being suitable for being loaded by a processor and executing the bandwidth dynamic allocation method of the above embodiment, and the specific execution process can refer to the specific description of the above embodiment, which is not described here.

[0140] The following introduces an electronic device for bandwidth dynamic allocation provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 Fig. 1 is an exemplary hardware structure schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0141] In some embodiments, the electronic device for bandwidth dynamic allocation is a computer device or includes a computer device in the electronic device for bandwidth dynamic allocation. The computer device includes a processor, a memory and a network interface connected through a system bus. The processor of the computer device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for running the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is configured to store data. The network interface of the computer device is configured to communicate with other terminals or servers outside through a network connection. In some embodiments, the network interface can be a wired network interface, and in some embodiments, the network interface can also be a wireless network interface. The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0142] Those skilled in the art can understand that, Figure 3 The structure shown in Fig. 1 is only a block diagram of part of the structure related to the scheme of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the scheme of the present application is applied. The specific computer device can include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different component arrangement.

[0143] The above-described and above-embodied examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them; although the foregoing has been described in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

[0144] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated. The computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center through wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) manner. The computer readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. integrated with one or more available media. The available media can be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk) and the like.

[0145] Those of ordinary skill in the art understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program to instruct the relevant hardware, which can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The program can include the processes of the above method embodiments when executed. The aforementioned storage medium includes ROM or random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

Claims

1. A method of dynamically allocating bandwidth, characterized by, The method comprises: real-time collection of bandwidth usage data of a network egress, calculation of egress bandwidth utilization based on the bandwidth usage data, and determination of egress residual bandwidth capacity according to the egress bandwidth utilization; acquisition of interface weight parameters of interfaces to which authentication terminals accessing the network egress belong, collection of bandwidth usage fluctuation characteristics of all authentication terminals under each interface within a preset time window, and calculation of interface stability coefficients of each interface based on the bandwidth usage fluctuation characteristics; calculation of allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of each interface according to the egress residual bandwidth capacity, the interface weight parameters, and the interface stability coefficients; calculation of bandwidth usage stability of each authentication terminal based on historical bandwidth usage data of the authentication terminal, determination of dynamic bandwidth allocation weights of each authentication terminal in combination with current bandwidth usage states of the authentication terminal and the bandwidth usage stability, and bandwidth allocation to each authentication terminal according to target bandwidth allocation values of the authentication terminal generated by synthesizing fixed basic bandwidths of the authentication terminals and dynamic additional bandwidths obtained from the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of the interface to which the authentication terminal belongs; wherein the collection of bandwidth usage fluctuation characteristics of all authentication terminals under each interface within a preset time window and the calculation of interface stability coefficients of each interface based on the bandwidth usage fluctuation characteristics comprise: collection of bandwidth usage time series data of all authentication terminals under each interface within the preset time window, and identification of abnormal bandwidth events, when the deviation of bandwidth usage values of consecutive multiple sampling points from the bandwidth usage mean value of a previous time period exceeds a preset abnormal threshold, the corresponding time period is marked as an abnormal bandwidth event; statistical analysis of the number of abnormal bandwidth events and the cumulative duration of each interface, calculation of an abnormal event proportion parameter, and construction of an abnormal filtering weight based on the abnormal event proportion parameter; elimination or weight reduction of the time period corresponding to the abnormal bandwidth event from the bandwidth usage time series data to obtain filtered effective bandwidth usage sequence; calculation of an effective coefficient of variation of the effective bandwidth usage sequence, and calculation of a stable duration coefficient based on the proportion of consecutive stable time periods in the effective bandwidth usage sequence; weighted calculation of the effective coefficient of variation, the abnormal filtering weight, and the stable duration coefficient to obtain the interface stability coefficient of each interface. The determination of egress residual bandwidth capacity according to the egress bandwidth utilization comprises:

2. The bandwidth dynamic allocation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, calculation of a current theoretical residual bandwidth capacity based on the total bandwidth capacity and the current used bandwidth capacity of the network egress, and statistical analysis of the maximum value, the minimum value, and the average value of the egress bandwidth utilization based on the egress bandwidth utilization data collected continuously within a preset time window; calculation of a bandwidth utilization fluctuation amplitude based on the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value, and determination of a bandwidth usage stability level of the network egress according to the bandwidth utilization fluctuation amplitude; when the bandwidth usage stability level is a high stability level, the current theoretical residual bandwidth capacity is positively compensated, and when the bandwidth usage stability level is a low stability level, the current theoretical residual bandwidth capacity is negatively compensated. ​ Obtaining a deviation degree of the compensated outlet bandwidth utilization rate from the average value, and performing secondary correction on the compensated residual bandwidth capacity when the deviation degree exceeds a preset deviation threshold, wherein a correction amplitude is in a positive correlation with the deviation degree; Outputting the compensated and corrected outlet residual bandwidth capacity.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The calculation of the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of each interface according to the outlet residual bandwidth capacity, the interface weight parameter and the interface stability coefficient comprises: Dividing the outlet residual bandwidth capacity into a basic allocation pool and a stability compensation pool; Proportionally allocating bandwidth from the basic allocation pool according to the interface weight parameter of each interface to calculate a basic bandwidth quota of each interface; Calculating a deviation value of the interface stability coefficient of each interface from a global average stability coefficient, wherein the global average stability coefficient is an average value of the interface stability coefficients of all interfaces; Constructing a stability compensation coefficient based on the deviation value, wherein the stability compensation coefficient is obtained by nonlinear mapping of the deviation value; Allocating compensation bandwidth from the stability compensation pool according to the stability compensation coefficient of each interface, and synthesizing the basic bandwidth quota and the compensation bandwidth of each interface to obtain the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of each interface.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, Calculating bandwidth usage stability based on historical bandwidth usage data of each authentication terminal, and determining a dynamic bandwidth allocation weight of each authentication terminal in combination with a current bandwidth usage state of each authentication terminal and the bandwidth usage stability, comprising: Obtaining historical bandwidth usage data of each authentication terminal within a preset historical time period, and establishing a bandwidth usage feature map of each authentication terminal based on the historical bandwidth usage data; Extracting bandwidth peak feature points and valley feature points in the bandwidth usage feature map to construct a feature point sequence; Calculating bandwidth usage stability based on a discrete degree of the feature point sequence; Collecting a current bandwidth usage state of each authentication terminal to determine a bandwidth resource allocation reference value; Adjusting the bandwidth resource allocation reference value according to the bandwidth usage stability to generate a dynamic bandwidth allocation weight of each authentication terminal.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The obtaining of the historical bandwidth usage data of each authentication terminal within a preset historical time period and the establishment of a bandwidth usage feature map of each authentication terminal based on the historical bandwidth usage data comprise: Continuously collecting bandwidth usage data of each authentication terminal at a fixed sampling interval within a preset historical time period to form a bandwidth usage time series data set; Constructing a two-dimensional bandwidth feature coordinate system with bandwidth usage as the vertical axis and time as the horizontal axis based on the bandwidth usage time series data set; Drawing bandwidth usage trajectory lines of each authentication terminal in the two-dimensional bandwidth feature coordinate system, wherein the bandwidth usage trajectory lines reflect the change trend of bandwidth usage over time; Connecting adjacent peak feature points and valley feature points on each bandwidth usage trajectory line to obtain a bandwidth usage feature map of each authentication terminal.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The obtaining of a dynamic additional bandwidth from the allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of the interface according to the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight comprises: Calculating a bandwidth demand prediction value of each authentication terminal based on a current bandwidth usage state and bandwidth usage stability of each authentication terminal; A reference allocation amount of the dynamic additional bandwidth is determined based on a product of a bandwidth demand prediction value and a dynamic bandwidth allocation weight; A bandwidth allocation adjustment coefficient is calculated as a ratio of a sum of reference allocation amounts of all authentication terminals under the same interface to an allocable dynamic bandwidth capacity of the corresponding interface; When the bandwidth allocation adjustment coefficient is greater than 1, the reference allocation amounts of the terminals are proportionally reduced according to a proportion of the dynamic bandwidth allocation weight, to obtain a dynamic additional bandwidth of the corresponding authentication terminal; When the bandwidth allocation adjustment coefficient is less than or equal to 1, the reference allocation amount is taken as the dynamic additional bandwidth of the corresponding authentication terminal.

7. An electronic device for dynamic allocation of bandwidth, characterized in that The electronic device comprises one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled with the one or more processors; the memory is configured to store computer program codes, the computer program codes comprise computer instructions, and the one or more processors invoke the computer instructions to enable the electronic device to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-6.

8. A computer program product comprising instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program product is run on the electronic device with dynamic bandwidth allocation, the electronic device is enabled to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, characterized in that, When the instructions are run on the electronic device with dynamic bandwidth allocation, the electronic device is enabled to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-6.

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