Novel supramolecular assembly material with nitrogen fertilizer slow release and controlled release functions and preparation method of novel supramolecular assembly material

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel supramolecular assembly material with nitrogen fertilizer slow release and controlled release functions and a preparation method of the novel supramolecular assembly material, and belongs to the technical field of nitrogen fertilizer synergistic materials. The supramolecular assembly material is prepared from a composite plant source inhibitor, a functionalized hydrogen bond molecule donor, a novel composite dispersing agent and a high-efficiency cosolvent, the composite plant source inhibitor is composed of cyclopentanone, a coumarin derivative and a flavonoid compound. The functionalized hydrogen bond molecular donor is composed of citrulline, N-acetyl urea and ethyl carbamate; the novel composite dispersing agent is prepared from a naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, sodium polyepoxysuccinate and nano silicon dioxide; the efficient cosolvent is prepared from acetic acid, acetonitrile and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole acetate. The supramolecular assembly material is a supramolecular crystal formed by two or more molecules through intermolecular hydrogen bond interaction, and has excellent stability and controllability. After being mixed with a nitrogen fertilizer, the nitrogen fertilizer can be obviously prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of nitrogen fertilizer enhancement materials, specifically relating to a novel supramolecular assembly material with nitrogen fertilizer slow-release and controlled-release functions and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous growth of nitrogen fertilizer application in my country, its total consumption has reached nearly one-third of the global total, making it the world's largest nitrogen fertilizer consumer. However, high input has not brought high efficiency; the problems of low nitrogen fertilizer utilization and high loss rate are becoming increasingly prominent. This contradiction not only causes a double waste of resources and the economy but also translates into severe environmental pressures, including nitrate accumulation in groundwater, eutrophication of water bodies, and greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, exploring how to effectively regulate the nitrogen transformation process in soil to achieve efficient nitrogen fertilizer utilization is a key scientific challenge currently facing soil nitrogen research.

[0003] Plant-derived inhibitors have shown great potential in enhancing the effectiveness and slow-release of nitrogen fertilizers. These inhibitors are bifunctional substances extracted from natural plants that inhibit the activity of urease and nitrifying bacteria in the soil. Compared to traditional chemically synthesized inhibitors, plant-derived inhibitors have advantages such as being environmentally friendly and biodegradable, effectively reducing negative impacts on the ecological environment. However, the only drawback of plant-derived inhibitors is that they are liquid and volatile, leading to numerous inconveniences in storage and transportation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a novel supramolecular assembly material with nitrogen fertilizer slow-release and controlled-release functions and its preparation method, so as to solve the problems faced by plant-derived inhibitors in the preservation and transportation process.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a novel supramolecular assembly material with nitrogen fertilizer slow-release and controlled-release functions. By weight, the supramolecular assembly material consists of 32-48 parts of composite plant-derived inhibitor, 42-46 parts of functionalized hydrogen bond donor, 2-8 parts of novel composite dispersant, and 12-16 parts of high-efficiency cosolvent. The compound plant-derived inhibitor is based on cyclopentanone, and is compounded with coumarin derivatives and flavonoid compounds in a mass ratio of 1:0.3-0.6. The functionalized hydrogen bond donor is based on citrulline and doped with N-acetylurea and ethyl carbamate in a mass ratio of 1:0.2-0.4. The novel composite dispersant is prepared from naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, sodium polyepoxysuccinate, and nano-silica. The high-efficiency cosolvent acetic acid is prepared with acetonitrile and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole acetate.

[0006] Further, the naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde condensate and sodium polyepoxysuccinate are compounded in a mass ratio of 1:0.3-0.5, and then 0.1%-0.3% of nano-silicon dioxide is added.

[0007] Further, the high-efficiency cosolvent is prepared by compounding acetic acid and acetonitrile in a mass ratio of 1:0.4-0.6, and then adding 0.5%-1% of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole acetate.

[0008] Further, the coumarin derivative is 7-hydroxycoumarin, and the flavonoid compound is rutin.

[0009] Further, a preparation method of a novel supramolecular assembly material with nitrogen fertilizer slow-release and controlled-release functions comprises the following steps: S1, first, a composite plant source inhibitor is added to a reaction kettle, 50% of a novel composite dispersant is slowly added under low-speed stirring at a rotation speed of 200-250 r / min to form a preliminary dispersion system, and then the reaction kettle is placed in an ultrasonic device for ultrasonic treatment while maintaining stirring at a rotation speed of 150-180 r / min; the remaining 50% of the novel composite dispersant is added dropwise, and uniform stirring is continued to obtain a premix phase A; S2, a functionalized hydrogen bond molecular donor and a high-efficiency cosolvent are added to a ball mill and ground for 20-25 minutes, and then the grinding is continued at an increased speed after being heated for 15-20 minutes to obtain a premix phase B; S3, the premix phase A and the premix phase B are added to the reaction kettle in a volume ratio of 1:1, first stirring under low-frequency ultrasonic conditions, and then switching to high-frequency ultrasonic conditions for uniform stirring to obtain a mixed system; S4, the mixed system is placed in a microwave reactor for activation reaction in a first stage and a second stage to obtain a reaction system; S5, after the activation reaction is completed, the reaction system is placed in a vacuum cooling device with a vacuum degree of 0.08-0.09 MPa, first cooled to 40-45°C, kept for 10-12 minutes, then continuously cooled to 25-30°C, and then chitosan solution is added and stirred for 5-8 minutes, and finally vacuum dried for 15-20 minutes to obtain a supramolecular assembly material.

[0010] Further, in step S1, the 50% of the novel composite dispersant is added dropwise and stirred for 15-20 minutes; the power of the ultrasonic device is 300-350 W, the frequency is 20-25 kHz, and the ultrasonic treatment time is 5-8 minutes; and the remaining 50% of the novel composite dispersant is added dropwise and stirred for 10-12 minutes.

[0011] Further, in step S2, the initial grinding temperature of the functionalized hydrogen bond molecule donor and the high-efficiency cosolvent in the ball mill is 30-35 DEG C, the rotating speed is 300-350 r / min; the temperature after heating is 40-45 DEG C, and the rotating speed is increased to 400-450 r / min.

[0012] Further, in step S3, the low frequency is 20 kHz, the ultrasonic power is 250-300 W, and under the low frequency condition, the stirring speed is 150-180 r / min for 10-12 minutes; the high frequency is 40 kHz, the ultrasonic power is 350-400 W, and under the high frequency condition, the stirring speed is 220-250 r / min, and the stirring is continued for 8-10 minutes.

[0013] Further, in step S4, the microwave power of the first stage is 400-450 W, the temperature is 50-55 DEG C, and the reaction time is 30-35 minutes; the microwave power of the second stage is 500-550 W, the temperature is 65-70 DEG C, and the reaction time is 20-25 minutes.

[0014] Further, in step S5, the vacuum degree of the vacuum cooling device is 0.08-0.09 MPa, and the cooling rate is 5 DEG C / min; then, the cooling is continued at a rate of 3 DEG C / min to 25-30 DEG C; the mass ratio of the glycan solution is 1%-2%; the temperature of vacuum drying is 50-55 DEG C, and the vacuum degree is 0.09-0.1 MPa.

[0015] Further, the supramolecular assembly material is used for enhancing the nitrogen fertilizer holding period and improving the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate.

[0016] Further, the supramolecular assembly material is mixed with nitrogen fertilizer for application.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present application are: 1. In this invention, cyclopentanone inhibits the ability of urease to catalyze the decomposition of urea by binding to the sulfhydryl group of the urease active site; coumarin derivatives can bind to cytochrome P450 enzymes in nitrifying bacteria, interfering with their electron transfer process and thus inhibiting nitrification; while flavonoids can form complexes with metal ions (such as Fe³⁺ and Mn²⁺) in the soil, reducing the activation effect of metal ions on nitrogen fertilizer conversion-related enzymatic reactions. Simultaneously, the phenolic hydroxyl groups in their molecular structure can form hydrogen bonds with other components, enhancing the structural stability of the supramolecular assembly material. When the three components of this invention work synergistically, cyclopentanone mainly targets urease, coumarin derivatives primarily inhibit nitrifying bacteria, and flavonoids assist in stabilizing the structure and weakening the catalytic effect of metal ions, forming a synergistic mechanism of "dual inhibition + structural stability," regulating the nitrogen conversion process from multiple targets. Compared to cyclopentanone alone, the compound plant-derived inhibitors show an 8%-12% increase in inhibition rate against urease and a 10%-15% increase in inhibition rate against nitrification, with a longer duration of inhibition of 5-7 days, effectively addressing the issues of single inhibitors having limited target sites and short durations of action. Furthermore, coumarin derivatives and flavonoids, both derived from natural plants, are highly biodegradable. When combined with cyclopentanone, they further reduce environmental toxicity. Acute toxicity tests showed a low LC50 against soil springtails. 50 The value has increased to 1.8-2.3 times that of the original monocyclopentanone, significantly improving environmental safety.

[0018] 2. In this invention, citrulline molecules contain multiple amino and carboxyl groups, which can act as multidentate hydrogen bond donors, forming strong hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl and carbonyl groups in plant-derived inhibitors to construct a stable supramolecular framework. The acetyl groups in modified urea increase steric hindrance, slowing the nitrogen release rate, while their amino groups can still form hydrogen bonds with other components, preserving the stability of the supramolecular assembly structure. The ester groups in ethyl carbamate molecules can form secondary hydrogen bonds with the amino groups of citrulline, further filling the gaps in the supramolecular framework and reducing nitrogen leakage channels. The hydrogen bond network constructed synergistically by these three components ensures the structural stability of the supramolecular assembly material and, through steric hindrance and secondary hydrogen bonds, achieves slow nitrogen release, solving the problem of excessively rapid nitrogen release rates with traditional hydrogen bond donors. The supramolecular assembly material formed by functionalized hydrogen bond donors reduces the initial nitrogen release rate by 20%-25%, and controls the cumulative nitrogen release rate in the soil to 40%-45% within 15 days. Compared with materials using citrulline as a single hydrogen bond donor, the nitrogen retention period is extended by 8-10 days, effectively improving nitrogen fertilizer utilization. Moreover, the introduction of modified urea and urethane improves the thermal stability of the supramolecular assembly material, increasing the thermal decomposition temperature from 180℃ in the original single citrulline system to 210-220℃. It can still maintain stable slow-release performance under high temperature conditions, reducing the rapid loss of nitrogen due to temperature rise.

[0019] 3、In the application, the naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde condensate has good dispersibility, can reduce the agglomeration force between particles of each raw material, and makes the particles in the premixing phase uniformly dispersed; the sodium polyepoxysuccinate not only has a dispersing effect, but also can complex with metal ions through the carboxyl and ether bond in the molecule, reducing the interference of heavy metal ions in the soil on the performance of the supramolecular assembly material; the nano-silicon dioxide has a large specific surface area, can be adsorbed on the surface of the raw material particles to form a space barrier layer, further preventing particle agglomeration, and the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the nano-silicon dioxide can form hydrogen bonds with other components to enhance the stability of the premixing phase.

[0020] 4、In the application, the dissolution rate of the high-efficiency cosolvent for the raw material is increased by 25%-30%, the grinding efficiency of the raw material is increased by 15%-20% during the ball milling process, the ball milling time is shortened, and the energy consumption for preparation is reduced. The catalytic effect of the ionic liquid shortens the formation time of the supramolecular assembly by 8-10 hours, and the formed supramolecular assembly crystal is more complete, and the crystal particle size distribution is more uniform (the particle size deviation is controlled within 5%-8%). Compared with the traditional cosolvent system, the mechanical properties (such as compressive strength) of the supramolecular assembly material are increased by 10%-15%, and the breakage rate during transportation and application is reduced.

[0021] 5、The method for preparing the new supramolecular assembly material provided by the application prepares the new supramolecular assembly material through intramolecular hydrogen bond interaction. The material can be used as a new bifunctional inhibitor mixed with a fertilizer, or directly used as a fertilizer in the case of low-dose fertilization. The material has low dosage and long duration, can effectively inhibit the activities of urease and nitrifying bacteria in the soil, and prolong the retention period of nitrogen fertilizer. In addition, the material can realize slow release of the plant source inhibitor, ensure the slow-release characteristics of the nitrogen fertilizer in the farmland, achieve the purpose of slow and controlled release of nitrogen, thereby improving the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, reducing the dosage of nitrogen fertilizer, and improving the crop yield. The application also significantly improves the stability and mechanical properties of the plant source inhibitor, all components are environmentally safe, and the risk of environmental pollution is effectively reduced.

[0022] 6、The new supramolecular assembly material of the application is a kind of frontier functional material, which provides a new idea for solving the problems in the preservation and transportation process due to its unique structure and excellent performance. The supramolecular assembly material is a supramolecular crystal formed by two or more molecules through intermolecular hydrogen bond interaction, and has excellent stability and controllability. After being mixed with a nitrogen fertilizer, the material can significantly prolong the retention period of the nitrogen fertilizer, realize slow and controlled release of nitrogen, and then improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, reduce the dosage of nitrogen fertilizer, and improve the crop yield.

[0023] Additional advantages, objects, and features of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following detailed description, and it is intended that any such advantages, objects, and features of the present application be within the scope of the claimed application. The objectives and other advantages of the application will be realized and attained by the application particularly pointed out as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effects of the application clearer, the application provides the following drawings for illustration: Figure 1 IC of the supramolecular assembly material of the application for different concentration gradient compounds at different times 50 Result graph. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] As Figure 1 shown, the application provides a preparation method of a novel supramolecular assembly material with nitrogen fertilizer slow-release and controlled-release functions.

[0026] Example 1 S1, 40 parts of a composite plant source inhibitor (36.8 parts of cyclopentanone, 2 parts of 7-hydroxycoumarin and 1.2 parts of rutin) are added to a reaction kettle, 2.45 parts of a new composite dispersant (1.75 parts of naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde condensate, 0.65 parts of sodium polyepoxysuccinate and 2% of nano silicon dioxide by mass fraction) are slowly added under low-speed stirring at 230 r / min for 15 minutes to form a preliminary dispersion system, then the reaction kettle is placed in an ultrasonic device, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out under the conditions of power 300 W and frequency 25 kHz for 5 minutes, while keeping the stirring speed at 160 r / min uniform, then the remaining 2.45 parts of the new composite dispersant (1.75 parts of naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde condensate, 0.65 parts of sodium polyepoxysuccinate and 2% of nano silicon dioxide by mass fraction) are continuously added, and stirring is continued for 10 minutes to obtain premix phase A; S2, 44 parts of a functionalized hydrogen bond molecular donor (40 parts of citrulline, 3 parts of N-acetyl urea and 1 part of ethyl carbamate) and 13 parts of a high-efficiency cosolvent (8 parts of acetic acid, 4.8 parts of acetonitrile, and 1% of 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazole acetate by mass fraction) are added to a ball mill, first ground at 30℃ and 350 r / min for 25 minutes, then heated to 40℃ and 450 r / min for 15 minutes to obtain premix phase B; S3, premix phase A and premix phase B are added to the reaction kettle at a volume ratio of 1:1, first stirred at a stirring speed of 150 r / min under the conditions of ultrasonic frequency 20 kHz and ultrasonic power 250 W for 12 minutes, then switched to ultrasonic frequency 40 kHz and ultrasonic power 350 W, and the stirring speed is increased to 250 r / min, and stirring is continued for 8 minutes to obtain a mixed system.

[0027] S4, the mixed system was placed in a microwave reactor, first at a microwave power of 400 W and a temperature of 50°C for 35 minutes, then the microwave power was increased to 550 W and the temperature was increased to 65°C, and the reaction was continued for 20 minutes to obtain a reaction system; S5, after the activation reaction was completed, the reaction system was placed in a vacuum cooling device with a vacuum degree of 0.08 MPa, first cooled to 40°C at a rate of 5°C / min, and then continued to cool to 25°C at a rate of 3°C / min, and then added 1.5% chitosan solution (mass concentration 2.5%) and stirred for 8 minutes, and finally vacuum dried at 55°C and 0.1 MPa for 15 minutes to obtain a supramolecular assembly material.

[0028] Example 2 S1, 48 parts of composite plant source inhibitor (40.2 parts of cyclopentanone, 6 parts of 7-hydroxy coumarin and 1.8 parts of rutin) were added to the reaction kettle, 4 parts of new composite dispersant (2 parts of naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, 1.9 parts of sodium polyepoxysuccinate and 2% nano silicon dioxide) were slowly added under low speed stirring at 230 r / min for 15 minutes to form a preliminary dispersion system, then the reaction kettle was placed in an ultrasonic device, and ultrasonic treatment was carried out under the conditions of power 300 W and frequency 25 kHz for 5 minutes, while keeping the stirring speed uniform at 160 r / min, then the remaining 4 parts of new composite dispersant (2 parts of naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, 1.9 parts of sodium polyepoxysuccinate and 2% nano silicon dioxide) were continuously added, and stirring was continued for 10 minutes to obtain premix phase A; S2, 42 parts of functional hydrogen bond molecular donor (38 parts of citrulline, 3.5 parts of N-acetyl urea and 0.5 parts of ethyl carbamate) and 12 parts of high-efficiency cosolvent (7 parts of acetic acid, 4.2 parts of acetonitrile, and 0.5% 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazole acetate) were added to a ball mill, first ground at 30°C and 350 r / min for 25 minutes, then heated to 40°C and 450 r / min for 15 minutes to obtain premix phase B; S3, premix phase A and premix phase B were added to the reaction kettle at a volume ratio of 1:1, first stirred at a speed of 150 r / min under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 20 kHz and 250 W for 12 minutes, then switched to ultrasonic power of 40 kHz and 350 W, and the stirring speed was increased to 250 r / min, and the stirring was continued for 8 minutes to obtain a mixed system.

[0029] S4, the mixed system was placed in a microwave reactor, first at a microwave power of 400 W and a temperature of 50°C for 35 minutes, then the microwave power was increased to 550 W and the temperature was increased to 65°C, and the reaction was continued for 20 minutes to obtain a reaction system; S5, after the activation reaction is ended, the reaction system is placed in the vacuum cooling equipment with the vacuum degree of 0.08 MPa, is cooled to 40 DEG C at first with the rate of 5 DEG C / min, keeps warm for 12 minutes, then continues to cool to 25 DEG C at the rate of 3 DEG C / min, adds the chitosan solution (mass concentration 2.5%) with the mass ratio of 1.5%, stirs for 8 minutes, finally is dried at 55 DEG C, 0.1 MPa vacuum for 15 minutes, and the supramolecular assembly material is obtained.

[0030] The difference between example 2 and example 1 is that the proportions of the composite plant source inhibitor, the functional hydrogen bond molecule donor, the new composite dispersant and the high-efficiency cosolvent are different, but they are all within the protection scope of the application, and the obtained supramolecular assembly material also has excellent effect.

[0031] Example 3 S1, 32 parts of composite plant source inhibitor (27.5 parts of cyclopentanone, 3 parts of 7-hydroxycoumarin and 1.5 parts of rutin) are added to the reaction kettle, 1.5 parts of new composite dispersant (0.97 parts of naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde condensate, 0.48 parts of polyepoxysuccinic acid sodium and 3% of nano silicon dioxide by mass) are slowly added under low-speed stirring at 230 r / min, and stirred for 15 minutes to form a preliminary dispersion system, then the reaction kettle is placed in the ultrasonic device, and is ultrasonically treated under the conditions of power 300 W and frequency 25 kHz for 5 minutes, while keeping the stirring speed at 160 r / min, then the remaining 1.5 parts of new composite dispersant (0.97 parts of naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde condensate, 0.48 parts of polyepoxysuccinic acid sodium and 3% of nano silicon dioxide by mass) are continuously added, and stirred for 10 minutes to obtain premix phase A; S2, 46 parts of functional hydrogen bond molecule donor (42 parts of citrulline, 3 parts of N-acetyl urea and 1 part of ethyl carbamate) and 15.5 parts of high-efficiency cosolvent (9.6 parts of acetic acid, 5.76 parts of acetonitrile, and 1% of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole acetate by mass) are added to the ball mill, first ground at 30 DEG C and 350 r / min for 25 minutes, then heated to 40 DEG C and 450 r / min for 15 minutes to obtain premix phase B; S3, premix phase A and premix phase B are added to the reaction kettle at a volume ratio of 1:1, first stirred at 150 r / min under the conditions of 20 kHz and 250 W ultrasonic power for 12 minutes, then switched to 40 kHz and 350 W ultrasonic power, and the stirring speed is increased to 250 r / min, and continues to stir for 8 minutes to obtain a mixed system.

[0032] S4, the mixed system is placed in the microwave reactor, first reacts at 400 W microwave power and 50 DEG C for 35 minutes, then the microwave power is increased to 550 W, the temperature is increased to 65 DEG C, and the reaction is continued for 20 minutes to obtain a reaction system; S5. After the activation reaction is completed, the reaction system is placed in a vacuum cooling device with a vacuum degree of 0.08 MPa. First, it is cooled to 40°C at a rate of 5°C / min and kept at that temperature for 12 minutes. Then, it is cooled to 25°C at a rate of 3°C / min. 1.5% (by mass) of chitosan solution (mass concentration 2.5%) is added and stirred for 8 minutes. Finally, it is dried at 55°C and 0.1 MPa vacuum for 15 minutes to obtain supramolecular assembly material.

[0033] The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that the proportions of the composite plant-derived inhibitor, functionalized hydrogen bond molecule donor, novel composite dispersant, and highly efficient cosolvent are different, but all are within the protection scope of this invention, and the resulting supramolecular assembly material also has excellent effects.

[0034] The supramolecular assembly material (CCO supramolecular assembly) prepared in this invention was compared with DCD, NBPT, and traditional CCO in terms of urease inhibition effect (Table 1) and nitration inhibition effect (Table 2). The results are as follows: Table 1 Comparison of urease inhibition effects As shown in Table 1, the novel supramolecular assembly material (CCO-CO(NH)2) is comparable in effect to traditional urease inhibitors and plant-derived inhibitors CCO, further confirming that the urease inhibitory performance of CCO is not affected after it forms a supramolecular assembly with other substances.

[0035] Table 2 Comparison of nitrification inhibition effects As shown in Table 2, the novel supramolecular assembly material (CCO-CO(NH)2) is comparable to the effects of traditional nitrification inhibitors and plant-derived inhibitors CCO, further confirming that the nitrification inhibition performance of CCO is not affected after it forms a supramolecular assembly with other substances.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the IC50 of the supramolecular assembly compound CCO-CO(NH)2 prepared in this invention is... 50 It can reach 0.049mM (3h).

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made to it in form and detail without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel supramolecular assembly material with nitrogen fertilizer slow and controlled release function, characterized in that: The supramolecular assembly material is prepared from 32-48 parts of the composite plant source inhibitor, 42-46 parts of the functionalized hydrogen bond molecule donor, 2-8 parts of the new composite dispersant, and 12-16 parts of the high-efficiency cosolvent. The composite plant source inhibitor is based on cyclopentanone, and is compounded with coumarin derivatives and flavonoid compounds at a mass ratio of 1:0.3-0.

6. The functionalized hydrogen bond molecule donor is based on citrulline, and is doped with N-acetyl urea and ethyl carbamate at a mass ratio of 1:0.2-0.

4. The new composite dispersant is prepared from naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, sodium polyepoxysuccinate, and nano-silicon dioxide. The high-efficiency cosolvent is prepared from acetic acid, acetonitrile, and 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazole acetate.

2. The novel supramolecular assembly material with nitrogen fertilizer slow-release and controlled-release function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate and the sodium polyepoxysuccinate are compounded at a mass ratio of 1:0.3-0.5, and then 0.1%-0.3% of nano-silicon dioxide is added.

3. The novel supramolecular assembly material with nitrogen fertilizer slow-release and controlled-release function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-efficiency cosolvent is prepared from acetic acid and acetonitrile at a mass ratio of 1:0.4-0.6, and then 0.5%-1% of 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazole acetate is added.

4. The novel supramolecular assembly material with nitrogen fertilizer slow-release and controlled-release function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The coumarin derivative is 7-hydroxycoumarin, and the flavonoid compound is rutin.

5. A method for preparing a novel supramolecular assembly material with slow and controlled release of nitrogen fertilizer function, prepared from the novel supramolecular assembly material with slow and controlled release of nitrogen fertilizer function according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. The composite plant source inhibitor is first added to a reaction kettle, and 50% of the new composite dispersant is slowly added dropwise under low-speed stirring at a rotation speed of 200-250 r / min to form a preliminary dispersion system, and then the reaction kettle is placed in an ultrasonic device for ultrasonic treatment while maintaining stirring at a rotation speed of 150-180 r / min; the remaining 50% of the new composite dispersant is added dropwise, and uniform stirring is continued to obtain a premix phase A; S2. The functionalized hydrogen bond molecule donor and the high-efficiency cosolvent are added to a ball mill and ground for 20-25 minutes, and then the temperature is increased and the speed is increased for continued grinding for 15-20 minutes to obtain a premix phase B; S3. The premix phase A and the premix phase B are added to the reaction kettle at a volume ratio of 1:1, and stirring is first performed under low-frequency ultrasonic conditions, and then high-frequency ultrasonic conditions are switched to continue uniform stirring to obtain a mixed system; S4. The mixed system is placed in a microwave reactor for activation reaction in a first stage and a second stage to obtain a reaction system; S5. After the activation reaction is completed, the reaction system is placed in a vacuum cooling device with a vacuum degree of 0.08-0.09 MPa, and is first cooled to 40-45℃, and is kept at this temperature for 10-12 minutes, and then is continuously cooled to 25-30℃, and chitosan solution is added and stirred for 5-8 minutes, and finally vacuum drying is performed for 15-20 minutes to obtain the supramolecular assembly material.

6. The method for preparing a novel supramolecular assembly material with nitrogen fertilizer slow and controlled release function according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S1, the 50% of the new composite dispersant is stirred for 15-20 minutes after being added dropwise; the power of the ultrasonic device is 300-350 W, the frequency is 20-25 kHz, and the ultrasonic treatment time is 5-8 minutes; and the remaining 50% of the new composite dispersant is stirred for 10-12 minutes after being added dropwise.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing the compound of formula (I) with the compound of formula (II) to form a mixture; (2) adding the mixture into the water to form the new type of supermolecular assembly material with nitrogen fertilizer slow-release and controlled-release function. In step S2, the initial grinding temperature of the functionalized hydrogen bond molecule donor and the high-efficiency cosolvent in the ball mill is 30-35℃, and the rotation speed is 300-350r / min; the temperature after heating is 40-45℃, and the rotation speed is increased to 400-450r / min.

8. The method of claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing the compound of formula (I) with the compound of formula (II) to form a mixture; (2) adding the mixture into the water to form the new type of supermolecular assembly material with nitrogen fertilizer slow-release and controlled-release function. In step S3, the low frequency is 20kHz, the ultrasonic power is 250-300W, and the stirring speed is 150-180r / min under the low frequency condition for 10-12 minutes; the high frequency is 40kHz, the ultrasonic power is 350-400W, and the stirring speed is 220-250r / min under the high frequency condition for 8-10 minutes.

9. The method for preparing a novel supramolecular assembly material with nitrogen fertilizer slow-release and controlled-release functions according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S4, the microwave power of the first stage is 400-450W, the temperature is 50-55℃, and the reaction time is 30-35 minutes; the microwave power of the second stage is 500-550W, the temperature is 65-70℃, and the reaction time is 20-25 minutes.

10. The method of claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing the compound of formula (I) with the compound of formula (II) to form a mixture; (2) adding the mixture to the water to form a solution; (3) adding the solution to the soil to form the new type of supermolecular assembly material with nitrogen fertilizer slow-release and controlled-release function. In step S5, the vacuum degree of the vacuum cooling equipment is 0.08-0.09MPa, and the cooling rate is 5℃ / min; then continue to cool to 25-30℃ at a rate of 3℃ / min; the mass fraction of the glycan solution is 1%-2%; the vacuum drying temperature is 50-55℃, and the vacuum degree is 0.09-0.1MPa.

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