Colored smoke generating agent containing nanometer material

Abstract

The invention discloses a color smoke generating agent containing a nanometer material, and belongs to the technical field of pyrotechnic compositions, and the color smoke generating agent comprises the following components by weight: 25-40% of an oxidizing agent; 20%-30% of a reducing agent; 25%-40% of an organic dye; 2%-10% of a nanoscale functional additive; the nanoscale functional additive can be selected from one or a mixture of any two or more of nanoscale silicon dioxide (SiO2), nanoscale aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and nanoscale perlite powder. The invention is used for solving the problems of low smoke generation speed, small smoke column diameter and unsaturated smoke color of the existing colored smoke generation agent.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of pyrotechnic composition, and particularly relates to a color smoke generator containing nanomaterials. BACKGROUND

[0002] The color smoke generator generally contains an oxidation / reduction pair and an organic dye in powder form. The organic dye is sublimated to produce smoke through the reaction between the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent. Various smoke products made of the color smoke generator are widely used in military training, celebration performance, signal indication and other fields.

[0003] The patent document with the publication number CN116867756A discloses a smoke generating composition. The smoke generating composition selects an organic dye with a sublimation temperature lower than a decomposition temperature to reduce toxins generated during decomposition of the organic dye. However, the color smoke generator has the following disadvantages: 1. Slow smoke generating speed: The combustion reaction rate of the traditional formula is not intense enough, resulting in insufficient smoke production per unit time and a long time required from ignition to the formation of thick smoke.

[0004] 2. Small diameter of smoke column: The smoke production rate and gas generation amount are limited, resulting in weak smoke diffusion ability, small smoke column and poor visual effect, especially when observed from a long distance.

[0005] 3. Low color saturation and dull color: Some dyes are decomposed and carbonized due to high combustion temperature, or faded due to side reactions with other components of the composition, resulting in low color saturation and dull color of the final smoke. SUMMARY

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a color smoke generator containing nanomaterials to solve the problems of slow smoke generating speed, small diameter of smoke column and unsaturated color of smoke of the existing color smoke generator.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows: A color smoke generator containing nanomaterials, characterized in that, relative to the total weight of the composition, it contains: 25% to 40% of an oxidizing agent; 20% to 30% of a reducing agent; 25% to 40% of an organic dye; 2% to 10% of a nanoscale functional additive. The nanoscale functional additive can be selected from one or a mixture of two or more of nanoscale silicon dioxide (SiO2), nanoscale aluminum trioxide (Al2O3) and nanoscale perlite powder.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the oxidizing agent is one or a mixture of two of potassium chlorate and potassium nitrate.

[0009] The nanomaterial-containing color smoke agent according to claim 2, wherein the reducing agent is one or more of lactose, sucrose, sulfur and flour.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the organic dye is one or more of solvent red, solvent blue, solvent yellow and solvent green.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the composition further comprises a binder, and the content of the binder is 2% to 6% relative to the total mass of the composition.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the binder is one of phenol formaldehyde resin and shellac.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the particle size of the nanoscale functional additive ranges from 10 nm to 100 nm.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the particle size of the organic dye is not more than 200 μm.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the decomposition temperature of the organic dye is higher than 400℃.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: by introducing the nanoscale functional additive, the combustion performance and smoke effect of the color smoke agent are fundamentally improved. The nanomaterial has a large specific surface area and high surface activity, and can be used as an efficient combustion catalyst and reaction promoter. They are uniformly dispersed in the agent, greatly increasing the contact area between the reaction components, significantly accelerating the mass transfer and reaction rate between solid-solid phases, making the combustion more intense and rapid, so as to produce a large amount of smoke in an instant. The intense combustion reaction produces a large amount of high-temperature gas, which rapidly expands and carries the gasified dye particles out, forming strong initial kinetic energy and thermal lifting force. This makes the diffusion volume of the smoke in the air significantly increase, forming a thick and full smoke column, and the visual effect is extremely shocking. The addition of the nanoscale additive promotes the completeness and uniformity of the combustion, avoiding the local overheating phenomenon. This reduces the thermal decomposition and carbonization damage to the heat-sensitive organic dye molecules, so that more dyes can evaporate and condense into smoke in the form of complete molecules, thereby presenting a more pure, more saturated and more bright color. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with examples, and the description in this part is only exemplary and explanatory, and should not have any limiting effect on the protection scope of the present application. EXAMPLE

[0018] A color smoke generator containing nanomaterials, characterized in that it comprises, relative to the total weight of the composition: Oxidant: 25% to 40%; the oxidant is one or both of potassium chlorate and potassium nitrate; Reducing agent: 20% to 30%; the reducing agent is one or more of lactose, sucrose, sulfur, and flour; Organic dye: 25% to 40%; the organic dye is one or more of solvent red, solvent blue, solvent yellow, and solvent green.

[0019] Nanoscale functional additive: 2% to 10%; the nanoscale functional additive can be selected from one or a mixture of two or more of nanoscale silicon dioxide (SiO2), nanoscale aluminum trioxide (Al2O3), and nanoscale perlite powder; the particle size range of the nanoscale functional additive is 10 nm to 100 nm.

[0020] Binder, the content of which is 2% to 6% relative to the total mass of the composition; the binder is one of phenolic resin and shellac. Embodiment

[0021] A red color smoke generator is prepared by mixing the following components in mass percentage: Potassium chlorate: 35% Flour: 17% Sulfur: 5% Solvent red: 38% Phenolic resin: 2% Nanoscale silicon dioxide: 3% Preparation method: grind each component through a 100-mesh sieve, then place it in a mixer to mix thoroughly, and then wrap, press, or directly fill and use. Embodiment

[0022] A blue color smoke generator is prepared by mixing the following components in mass percentage: Potassium nitrate: 32% Lactose: 18% Solvent blue: 37% Shellac: 5% Nanoscale aluminum trioxide: 8% The preparation method is the same as that of Embodiment 2. Embodiment

[0023] A yellow-green color smoke generator is prepared by mixing the following components in mass percentage: Potassium chlorate: 30% Potassium nitrate: 8% Sucrose: 18% Solvent yellow: 35% Phenolic resin: 4% Nano-sized perlite powder: 5% The preparation method is the same as that of Example 2.

[0024] Comparative example The same formulation as that of Example 2 is used, but no nano-sized silicon dioxide is added.

[0025] Effect test: the smokes produced by the smokes of Examples 2-4 and the comparative example are tested under the same conditions. The results show that the ignition delay time of the smokes of Examples 2-4 is shortened by about 30%-40%, the smoke column volume is increased by about 35%-50% compared with the comparative example, and the color brightness and saturation of the smoke are significantly improved, and the color is more pure and has no grayish black tone.

[0026] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprise", "comprise", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that processes, methods, articles or devices that include a series of elements not only include those elements, but also include other elements not explicitly listed, or inherent to such processes, methods, articles or devices.

[0027] The principles and implementation modes of the present application are described by using specific examples in this document, and the above examples are only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea.

[0028] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that, due to the limitation of language expression, there are infinite specific structures, and for ordinary skilled persons in the technical field, some improvements, decorations or changes can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and the above technical features can also be combined in an appropriate way; these improvements, decorations, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical scheme to other occasions without improvement, shall be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A colored smoke generating composition comprising nanomaterials, characterized in that, Comprise, relative to the total weight of the composition: Oxidizing agent: 25% ~ 40%; Reducing agent: 20% ~ 30%; Organic dye: 25% ~ 40%; Nano functional additive: 2% ~ 10%; the nano functional additive can be one or a mixture of two or more of nano silica (SiO2), nano alumina (Al2O3), and nano perlite powder.

2. The nanomaterial-containing colored smoke generating agent according to claim 1, wherein The oxidizing agent is one or a mixture of two of potassium chlorate and potassium nitrate.

3. The nanomaterial-containing colored smoke generating agent according to claim 2, wherein The reducing agent is one or more of lactose, sucrose, sulfur, and flour.

4. The nanomaterial-containing colored smoke generating agent according to claim 3, wherein The organic dye is one or more of solvent red, solvent blue, solvent yellow, and solvent green.

5. The nanomaterial-containing colored smoke generating agent according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Also includes a binder, the binder content is 2% ~ 6% compared to the total mass of the composition.

6. The colored smoke generator containing nanomaterials according to claim 5, characterized in that, The binder is one of phenolic resin and shellac.

7. The nanomaterial-containing colored smoke generating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or 6, wherein the nanomaterial is a metal oxide. The particle size of the nano functional additive ranges from 10nm to 100nm.

8. The nanomaterial-containing colored smoke generating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or 6, wherein, The particle size of the organic dye is not more than 200μm.

9. The nanomaterial-containing colored smoke generating composition according to any one of claims 8, wherein the nanomaterial is selected from the group consisting of carbon nanotubes, carbon nanohorns, fullerenes, graphene, and combinations thereof. The decomposition temperature of the organic dye is higher than 400℃.