Sampling device for waste treatment atmospheric non-point source emission quantification

Abstract

The invention discloses a sampling device for waste treatment atmosphere non-point source emission quantification, and belongs to the technical field of gas sampling equipment.The sampling device comprises a sampling ship body, the sampling ship body comprises a cuboid frame with three faces enclosed, hollow quadrangular frames are installed at the two ends of the cuboid frame, and ventilation openings are formed in one ends of the two hollow quadrangular frames; the two hollow quadrangular frames are respectively used as a gas outlet and a gas inlet, the gas inlet is communicated with a gas pump, the gas pump is communicated with a gas inlet corrugated pipe, the sampling ship body is detachably connected with a floating body, the two hollow quadrangular frames are respectively communicated with a Teflon gas pipe, the other ends of the Teflon gas pipes are respectively communicated with different interfaces of a gas path exchange valve, and the gas path exchange valve is communicated with a gas analyzer. Continuous automatic online monitoring of solid and liquid atmospheric surface sources can be realized by loading and unloading the floating body, the defects of limited environment, low time resolution, low automation degree and the like when a traditional gas sampling device is used on the water surface are overcome, and the sampling efficiency, precision and reliability are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of gas sampling equipment, specifically relating to a sampling device for quantitative sampling of atmospheric surface source emissions from waste treatment. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing global concern over climate change, countries have set targets. To achieve these targets, accurate monitoring and management of carbon fluxes, especially greenhouse gas emissions, are essential. Standardized gas sampling is a fundamental component of implementing an MRV (Measurable, Reportable, and Verifiable) system. For sampling emissions from land or urban air sources, conventional gas sampling devices can be used, supplemented by methods such as airships or hot air balloons. However, for open source emissions such as wastewater treatment plants, landfills, and farms, sampling becomes extremely difficult when personnel cannot directly access typical emission sites, severely impacting the acquisition of localized emission factor data and the reliability of MRV data.

[0003] In various waste treatment facilities, biochemical conversion processes not only consume energy but also generate greenhouse gases such as methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Currently, due to the lack of localized emission factors for different regions and process conditions, many carbon emission calculations still rely on default values, leading to discrepancies between the results and actual emissions. This device can collect representative gas samples in complex open environments, providing a crucial data source for establishing accurate local emission factors, thereby supporting data quality in all aspects of measurement, reporting, and verification within the MRV system. By acquiring localized, highly representative gas samples, related facilities can improve the accuracy and reliability of emission data, optimize carbon footprint assessment, and provide a scientific basis for national and regional carbon accounting and emission reduction policy formulation.

[0004] To address this issue, some researchers have proposed their own solutions. CN114813258A discloses a gas sampling device for an aeration tank and its usage method. The device consists of a float that floats on the water surface and a sampling cylinder. A baffle is located at the bottom of the device and is spring-loaded to the float. It is sealed before use and opened during operation. An air bag is placed inside the cylinder, and a pump is used to transfer the air bag to the sampling bag. During use, the device is simply fixed to the edge of the sampling tank. Similarly, CN218629484U discloses a device for measuring the gas emission flux of an aeration tank.

[0005] While the above patents can be used for gas sampling on liquid surfaces under certain operating conditions, they generally suffer from the following shortcomings: First, the sampling process still relies on manual operation, resulting in low automation and an inability to achieve continuous online monitoring. Second, the time resolution is low, only able to obtain gas concentrations at discrete time points, failing to capture dynamic flux changes. Third, environmental adaptability is poor, limited to fixed locations or calm water surfaces, making it difficult to operate stably in flowing water, solid stacks, or complex weather conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sampling device for quantitative analysis of atmospheric surface source emissions from waste treatment, thereby solving the problems of environmental limitations, low temporal resolution, and low automation when existing sampling equipment is used on water surfaces.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A sampling device for quantitatively measuring atmospheric area source emissions from waste treatment includes a sampling hull. The sampling hull comprises a rectangular frame enclosed on three sides. Two detachable hollow quadrangular prism frames are symmetrically installed at both ends of the rectangular frame. Each of the two hollow quadrangular prism frames has a vent at the end away from the rectangular frame. One vent is an outlet connected to an outlet pipe, and the other vent is an inlet connected to an air pump. The other end of the air pump is connected to an inlet bellows. The end of the inlet bellows away from the air pump is located outside the sampling area. Floats are detachably connected to both sides of the sampling hull. Each of the two hollow quadrangular prism frames is connected to a Teflon gas pipe. A gas exchange valve is also provided. The other end of the Teflon gas pipe is connected to different interfaces of the gas exchange valve. The outlet port of the gas exchange valve is also connected to a gas analyzer.

[0008] Furthermore, the sampling vessel is made of aluminum.

[0009] Furthermore, the gas exchange valve is a three-way solenoid valve, and the three-body solenoid valve is signal-connected to a gas circuit controller.

[0010] Furthermore, the float is a hollow cuboid or cylinder, and the material of the float is aluminum, PVC, or stainless steel.

[0011] Furthermore, the sampling vessel is connected to a tow rope.

[0012] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In this invention, an air pump is installed at one end of the sampling vessel, and the other end of the air pump is connected to an air inlet bellows. The air inlet end of the bellows is extended to a position far from the sampling area to collect background gas far from the emission source. Then, two Teflon gas pipes connected to the two quadrangular prism frames are connected to different interfaces on the gas exchange valve, forming two gas paths. The entire device is placed flat on the surface of the liquid or solid pile in the water to be sampled. During liquid surface observation, because the sampling vessel is made of metal, the entire device has a certain weight. Under the combined action of gravity and buoyancy, the sampling vessel remains stably on the liquid surface with a certain draft. At this time, the sampling vessel is completely liquid-sealed. Using an external towing rope, the entire device is transferred to the target sampling position and secured with the towing rope. During solid pile sampling, the float can be removed, and the vessel can be directly inserted into the pile surface to achieve sealing. During observation, the air pump is started, and the external background gas enters the vessel at a constant flow rate through the air inlet end of the bellows far from the emission source. By setting a fixed switching time for the gas exchange valve through the gas path controller, two Teflon gas pipes deliver gas samples from the ship's inlet and outlet sections to the gas analyzer via the gas exchange valve, thereby achieving continuous monitoring and sampling. Based on structural optimization, this device overcomes the shortcomings of traditional gas sampling devices, such as environmental limitations, low time resolution, and low automation when used on the water surface, significantly improving sampling efficiency, accuracy, and reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, wherein: Figure 1 This is a top view of the sampling vessel hull of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the sampling hull of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rectangular frame structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; The diagram is labeled as follows: 1- Sampling hull, 2- Cuboid frame, 3- Hollow quadrangular prism frame, 4- Vent, 41- Exhaust pipe, 42- Air pump, 5- Float, 6- Teflon pipe, 7- Gas exchange valve, 8- Gas analyzer. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0015] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0016] It should be noted that the labels and letters in the following figures represent similar items, therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0017] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are only used for the purpose of simplifying the description of this invention and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0018] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0020] Refer to the instruction manual. Figure 1-3 , A sampling device for quantitatively measuring atmospheric area source emissions from waste treatment includes a sampling hull. The sampling hull comprises a rectangular frame enclosed on three sides. Two detachable hollow quadrangular prism frames are symmetrically installed at both ends of the rectangular frame. Each of the two hollow quadrangular prism frames has a vent at the end away from the rectangular frame. One vent is an outlet connected to an outlet pipe, and the other vent is an inlet connected to an air pump. The other end of the air pump is connected to an inlet bellows. The end of the inlet bellows away from the air pump is located outside the sampling area. Floats are detachably connected to both sides of the sampling hull. Each of the two hollow quadrangular prism frames is connected to a Teflon gas pipe. A gas exchange valve is also provided. The other end of the Teflon gas pipe is connected to different interfaces of the gas exchange valve. The outlet port of the gas exchange valve is also connected to a gas analyzer.

[0021] Furthermore, the sampling vessel is made of aluminum.

[0022] Furthermore, the gas exchange valve is a three-way solenoid valve, and the three-body solenoid valve is signal-connected to a gas circuit controller.

[0023] Furthermore, the float is a hollow cuboid or cylinder, and the material of the float is aluminum, PVC, or stainless steel.

[0024] Furthermore, the sampling vessel is connected to a tow rope.

[0025] This embodiment is used in accordance with the following steps during implementation: 1) First, install the air pump at the air inlet of the sampling vessel. Then, extend the air inlet end of the bellows connected to the air pump to a position away from the sampling area to continuously pump in background air. Next, connect the two Teflon tubing connected to the two quadrangular prism frames to different interfaces on the gas exchange valve, forming two gas paths to collect the gas entering and exiting the vessel, thus completing the assembly of the gas sampling device. A float can be installed to collect gases from liquid surfaces, but no float is needed for solid material surfaces.

[0026] Specifically, the float is a hollow cuboid or cylinder, and its material can be changed according to requirements: aluminum or PVC is used for static and uniform aeration liquid surfaces, while stainless steel can be selected for non-uniform, strongly aerated liquid surfaces. The float can be removed for observation on a solid surface.

[0027] 2) Place the gas sampling device flat on the water or solid surface to be sampled. If placed in water, since the sampling vessel is made of metal, the entire device has a certain weight. Under the combined action of gravity and buoyancy, the vessel will remain stably on the liquid surface and have a certain draft. At this time, the sampling vessel will be completely liquid-sealed. If placed on a solid surface, the device will be stably placed under its own weight.

[0028] 3) When observing the liquid surface, a traction rope can be connected to transfer the gas sampling device to the target sampling position using an external traction rope, and the traction rope can be fixed to maintain stable observation.

[0029] 4) Then turn on the power to the gas pump and set the fixed switching time of the gas exchange valve through the gas circuit controller to facilitate the introduction of gas from different gas circuits into the gas analyzer for continuous monitoring and sampling.

[0030] This invention can be applied to gas sampling on open water surfaces and solid pile surfaces, including wastewater treatment plants and livestock farms. When used for greenhouse gas emission flux measurement, the total greenhouse gas emissions and emission flux of the target sampling area can be calculated using the following formula:

[0031] Where F represents the greenhouse gas emission flux in the target area, in kg / m³. 2 ·s; This refers to the flow rate of air pumped in by the air pump, measured in meters per second (m³). 3 / s; M is the molar mass of the gas, in kg / mol; R is the ideal gas constant, 8.314 J / (mol·K); T is the absolute temperature of the environment at the time of sampling, in K; , The greenhouse gas concentrations (ppm) at the air inlet (air pump side) and air outlet are respectively. The sampled area is the bottom surface area of ​​the ship's hull, in meters (m²). 2 .

[0032] Theoretically, when obtaining a continuously changing instantaneous flux F(t), in the time interval (0, T) m The total emissions E can be obtained from the instantaneous flux:

[0033] Where E represents the target area in time period T m The total greenhouse gas emissions within the area are expressed in kg; S represents the area of ​​the region to be measured, in m². 2 .

[0034] In actual measurements, the flux data F calculated from the continuous concentration data of the device is a high-frequency discrete time series. The total emission can be obtained by multiplying the average flux by the duration of each flux monitoring.

[0035] in, The time for acquiring each flux data point is the sum of the measurement times for the inlet and outlet pipes, expressed in seconds.

[0036] Here is a calculation example using methane (M = 0.016 kg / mol): Ambient temperature T: 293.15 K (i.e., 20 °C) Ambient pressure P: 101325 Pa (standard atmosphere) Table 1

[0037] Table 1 shows the measured data of methane emissions monitoring in the biological treatment tank of a wastewater treatment plant using this invention. Samples from three different sampling points within the same tank were tested, and the accuracy of the results was good. This invention enables real-time online detection of methane emissions, providing crucial data for quantitative calculation of methane emissions. This invention can effectively sample and detect the gas emission flux in open tanks.

[0038] The above description constitutes an embodiment of the present invention. The foregoing descriptions are preferred embodiments of the present invention. Unless there is a clear contradiction or a prerequisite for a particular preferred embodiment, the preferred embodiments can be arbitrarily combined and used. The embodiments and specific parameters described are merely for clearly illustrating the verification process of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention is still determined by its claims. Similarly, any equivalent structural changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention should also be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sampling device for quantifying atmospheric emissions from waste handling sources, characterized in that, The utility model provides a kind of sampling ship body (1), the sampling ship body (1) includes three-face enclosed cuboid frame (2), detachable hollow quadrangular prism frame (3) is symmetrically installed to both ends of cuboid frame (2), two hollow quadrangular prism frame (3) are away from the end of cuboid frame (2) and are provided with air vent (4), one end air vent (4) is gas outlet, the gas outlet is communicated with gas pipe (41), the other end air vent is gas inlet, the gas pump (42) is communicated with the gas inlet, the other end of the gas pump (42) is communicated with intake bellows, the end of intake bellows away from the gas pump (42) is located outside sampling area, detachable connection is carried out between the both sides of sampling ship body (1) and float (5), each communication is carried out in two hollow quadrangular prism frame (3) one Teflon gas pipe (6), and gas path exchange valve (7) is further provided, the other end of Teflon gas pipe (6) is respectively communicated with different interfaces of gas path exchange valve (7), and the gas outlet port of gas path exchange valve (7) is further communicated with gas analyzer (8).

2. A sampling device for quantifying atmospheric emissions from waste treatment facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that The material of the sampling ship body (1) is aluminum.

3. A sampling device for quantifying atmospheric emissions from waste treatment facilities according to claim 1, wherein The gas path exchange valve (7) is a three-way electromagnetic valve, and the three-way electromagnetic valve is signal connected with a gas path controller.

4. A device for sampling waste management atmospheric point source emissions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The float (5) is a hollow cuboid or a hollow cylinder, and the material of the float (5) is aluminum or PVC or stainless steel.

5. A device for sampling waste management atmospheric point source emissions according to claim 1, wherein, The sampling ship body (1) is connected with a traction rope.

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