Blood circulation simulation device for vascular interventional operation

Abstract

The invention discloses a blood circulation simulation device for a vascular intervention operation, and the device comprises a vein simulation pipeline which is provided with a vena cava, a pulmonary vein, and a vein capillary; the artery simulation pipeline is provided with an aorta, a pulmonary artery and an arterial capillary; the heart simulation pump is provided with a left atrium, a left ventricle, a right atrium and a right ventricle; the vena cava is communicated with the right atrium, the pulmonary vein is communicated with the left atrium, the aorta is communicated with the left ventricle, and the pulmonary artery is communicated with the right ventricle. Real blood vessels are simulated by arranging the vein simulation pipeline and the artery simulation pipeline, the left atrium, the left ventricle, the right atrium and the right ventricle of a real heart are simulated by arranging the heart simulation pump, the left atrium, the right atrium, the left ventricle and the right ventricle are alternately contracted in an air pressure control mode, and the contraction state of the heart is truly simulated; a real blood flow state is simulated in the vein simulation pipeline and the artery simulation pipeline, and a real interventional operation environment is provided for training and learning.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical teaching, in particular to a blood circulation simulation device for vascular intervention surgery. BACKGROUND

[0002] The blood circulation simulation device for vascular intervention surgery is a training and teaching device for simulating the blood flow in human body vessels to provide a real operation environment for vascular intervention surgery.

[0003] At present, the conventional blood circulation simulation device is usually composed of two groups of blood vessel lines and two ordinary pumps working periodically, such as piston pumps and diaphragm pumps. The two groups of blood vessel lines and the two groups of ordinary pumps constitute the pulmonary circulation and the systemic circulation to work independently, and the two pump groups work alternately to simulate the atrium and ventricle of the heart.

[0004] Therefore, the existing human blood circulation system composed of blood vessel lines and ordinary pumps is difficult to simulate the real heart pumping blood flow and the human blood circulation, which affects the reality of the operation environment for vascular intervention surgery, and thus it is difficult to achieve good training and teaching effect. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a blood circulation simulation device for vascular intervention surgery to solve the technical problem that the existing pump chamber is regular, it is difficult to simulate the real heart pumping blood flow and the human blood circulation, which affects the reality of the operation environment for vascular intervention surgery, and thus it is difficult to achieve good training and teaching effect.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application specifically provides the following technical solutions: A blood circulation simulation device for vascular intervention surgery, comprising: a vein simulation pipeline having a vena cava and a pulmonary vein, and a vein capillary is arranged at the end of each branch of the vena cava and the end of the pulmonary vein; an artery simulation pipeline having a aorta and a pulmonary artery, and an artery capillary is arranged at the end of each branch of the aorta and the end of the pulmonary artery, and the artery capillary is connected to the vein capillary in the corresponding organ; A heart-simulating pump has a left atrium and a left ventricle connected by a one-way valve, and a right atrium and a right ventricle connected by a one-way valve. The main end of the vena cava is connected to the right atrium, the pulmonary vein is connected to the left atrium, the aorta is connected to the left ventricle, and the pulmonary artery is connected to the right ventricle. The pulmonary vein and the pulmonary artery are connected through the venous capillary and the arterial capillary, and the terminal branches of the vena cava and the aorta are connected through the venous capillary and the arterial capillary. The left atrium and the right atrium contract synchronously at a fixed frequency, and the left ventricle and the right ventricle contract synchronously at a fixed frequency. The left atrium and the right atrium contract alternately with the left ventricle and the right ventricle to construct a pulmonary circulation system and a systemic circulation system to simulate human blood circulation.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heart simulation pump includes a housing and a simulated heart, the simulated heart being disposed inside the housing, and the left atrium, the left ventricle, the right atrium, and the right ventricle being formed inside the simulated heart; Furthermore, a first gap and a second gap are formed between the simulated heart and the outer shell. The first gap and the second gap are not connected. The first gap is located outside the left atrium and the right atrium, and the second gap is located outside the left ventricle and the right ventricle. The outer wall of the simulated heart is elastic. By periodically increasing or decreasing the pressure on the first gap and the second gap, the outer wall of the simulated heart is periodically squeezed to simulate heart contraction.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two cylinders are provided on the outer shell, one end of each cylinder is connected to the first gap and the second gap respectively, and a piston rod is provided inside the cylinder. The piston rod can reciprocate along the axis of the cylinder to periodically increase or decrease the pressure on the first gap and the second gap.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a crank-connecting rod mechanism is provided on the housing. The crank-connecting rod mechanism has a crankshaft portion and two connecting rod portions. The two connecting rod portions are rotatably mounted on the two piston rods respectively, and the two connecting rod portions are rotatably connected to the crankshaft portion so as to synchronously drive the two piston rods to periodically increase and decrease the pressure on the first gap and the second gap respectively, and the pressure increase and decrease states of the first gap and the second gap are opposite.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the crankshaft portion has two cranks and three straight shafts, the two cranks and the three straight shafts are sequentially connected, and the two cranks are respectively disposed on both sides of the straight shafts, and the two connecting rod portions are rotatably mounted on the two cranks respectively; A ratchet transmission mechanism is provided at the connection between the crank and the straight shaft. The straight shaft can drive the crank to rotate in one direction through the ratchet transmission mechanism. A spring rod is installed on the crank, and the other end of the spring rod is installed on the housing to assist in pushing the crank to accelerate its rotation independently when the crank rotates toward the piston rod.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ratchet transmission mechanism includes a ratchet disc and a pawl disc, the ratchet disc and the pawl disc are coaxially rotatably connected and close to each other, the pawls on the pawl disc are distributed on the outer periphery of the ratchet disc and cooperate with the ratchet disc, and a rubber pad is provided at the contact end of the pawl and the ratchet disc.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a motor is mounted on the housing, and the motor shaft is flexibly connected to a straight shaft located at the end of the crankshaft portion.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, both the simulated vein tubing and the simulated artery tubing are spliced ​​structures, consisting of multiple tubing components of different shapes joined together, wherein adjacent tubing components are connected by a fixing device and the ends of the tubing components are wrapped.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixture includes a sub-tube and a main tube, and the end of the fitting is inserted into the end of the sub-tube or the main tube for installation. The outer periphery of the sub-tube has multiple positioning holes, and the outer periphery of the mother tube has multiple positioning posts. Each of the multiple positioning posts corresponds to one of the multiple positioning holes, and the inner diameter of the positioning hole is equal to the outer diameter of the positioning post, so that after the positioning post is inserted and connected to the positioning hole, the connection between the sub-tube and the mother tube is smoothly aligned. The positioning post has a threaded post with a diameter smaller than that of the positioning post at its end. The threaded post is used to lock the daughter tube and the mother tube together by means of a washer and a nut.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a slot is provided at the connection end of the sub-pipe and the mother pipe with the fitting, and the distance from the slot wall to the channel of the sub-pipe and the mother pipe is equal to the thickness of the fitting, so that after the fitting is inserted into the slot, the inner wall of the fitting is smoothly aligned with the channel of the sub-pipe and the mother pipe.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention simulates real blood vessels by setting up simulated venous and simulated arterial tubing, and simulates the left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium, and right ventricle of a real heart by setting up a simulated heart pump. The left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, and right ventricle are alternately contracted by air pressure control to realistically simulate the heart's contraction state. This provides a realistic interventional surgery operation environment for training and learning, allowing for a realistic simulation of blood flow within the simulated venous and simulated arterial tubing. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vascular interventional surgery blood circulation simulation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the crank-connecting rod mechanism of the vascular interventional surgery blood circulation simulation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the ratchet transmission mechanism of the vascular interventional surgery blood circulation simulation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fixation device structure of the vascular interventional surgery blood circulation simulation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] The labels in the diagram represent the following: 1-Venal simulation tubing; 2-Arterial simulation tubing; 3-Heart simulation pump; 4-Crank-connecting rod mechanism; 5-Motor; 6-Fixer; 11-Vacuum vena cava; 12-Pulmonary vein; 13-Venous capillary; 21-Aorta; 22-Pulmonary artery; 23-Arterial capillary; 31-Outer shell; 32-Simulated heart; 33-First gap; 34-Second gap; 35-Cylinder block; 41-Crankshaft; 42-Connecting rod; 43-Ratchet drive mechanism; 44-Spring rod; 61-Daughter tube; 62-Mother tube; 63-Slot; 301-Left atrium; 302-Left ventricle; 303-Right atrium; 304-Right ventricle; 351-Piston rod; 411-Crank crank; 412-Straight shaft; 431-Ratchet disc; 432-Pawl disc; 433-Pawl; 434-Rubber pad; 611-Positioning hole; 621-Positioning post; 622-Threaded post. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a blood circulation simulation device for vascular interventional surgery, comprising: The venous simulation pipeline 1 has a vena cava 11 and a pulmonary vein 12, and venous capillaries 13 are provided at the ends of each branch of the vena cava 11 and the ends of the pulmonary veins. The arterial simulation pipeline 2 has an aorta 21 and a pulmonary artery 22, and arterial capillaries 23 are provided at the ends of each branch of the aorta 21 and the ends of the pulmonary artery 22, and the arterial capillaries 23 are connected to the venous capillaries 13 in the corresponding organs.

[0022] The venous simulation tubing 1 and the arterial simulation tubing 2 are used to simulate human blood vessels and are fixed using a stent or model that simulates the human body. The venous simulation tubing 1 and the arterial simulation tubing 2 can be tubing made of transparent material or tubing made of material that allows internal blood flow to be observed by imaging equipment. The main purpose is to facilitate observation, and tubing made of material that can be observed by imaging equipment can simulate the operating environment of interventional surgery.

[0023] The heart simulation pump 3 has a left atrium 301 and a left ventricle 302 connected by a one-way valve, and a right atrium 303 and a right ventricle 304 connected by a one-way valve. The main end of the vena cava 11 is connected to the right atrium 303, the pulmonary vein 12 is connected to the left atrium 301, the aorta 21 is connected to the left ventricle 302, and the pulmonary artery 22 is connected to the right ventricle 304. The pulmonary vein 12 and pulmonary artery 22 are connected through venous capillary 13 and arterial capillary 23, and the terminal branches of the vena cava 11 and aorta 21 are connected through venous capillary 13 and arterial capillary 23. The left atrium 301 and right atrium 303 contract synchronously at a fixed frequency, and the left ventricle 302 and right ventricle 304 contract synchronously at a fixed frequency. The left atrium 301 and right atrium 303 contract alternately with the left ventricle 302 and right ventricle 304 to construct the pulmonary circulation system and systemic circulation system to simulate human blood circulation.

[0024] The Heart Simulator Pump 3 is a fluid pump made based on the shape and structure of the heart. It is made of elastic material and can contract inward when external pressure is applied, simulating heart contraction. When the external pressure is removed, it can rebound and recover, simulating heart relaxation.

[0025] Furthermore, since the heart simulation pump 3 simulates the irregular internal chambers of the real heart through the left atrium 301, left ventricle 302, right atrium 303 and right ventricle 304, it simulates the real blood flow circulation in the venous simulation line 1 and the arterial simulation line 2 when it contracts and pumps blood, thereby improving the effect of simulation learning.

[0026] Compared to existing conventional pumps that simulate blood circulation, this invention aims to construct a pulmonary circulation system and a systemic circulation system by using a heart-simulating pump 3 that simulates the structure of the heart and a venous simulation pipeline 1 and an arterial simulation pipeline 2 that simulate the veins and arteries. The left atrium 301, left ventricle 302, right atrium 303 and right ventricle 304 of the heart-simulating pump 3 simulate the pumping capacity of the real heart, thereby achieving a simulation of real human blood circulation.

[0027] In this embodiment, "realistic" means closer to real human blood vessels, enhancing the realism of blood circulation simulation, but it does not mean completely identical to human blood vessels.

[0028] Specifically, the left ventricle 302 and right ventricle 304 of the simulated heart pump 3 contract. The left ventricle 302 contracts and pumps the simulated blood inside into the aorta 21, and then into the arterial capillary 23 through the branches of the aorta 21, thereby entering the venous capillary 13 and changing from arterial blood to venous blood. The right ventricle 303 contracts and pumps the venous blood into the pulmonary artery 22, and then into the arterial capillary 23 through the venous capillary 13, changing from venous blood to arterial blood. The left atrium 301 and right atrium 303 of the heart simulation pump 3 relax, while the left atrium 301 contracts to draw in converted arterial blood through the pulmonary vein 12 and arterial capillary 23; the right atrium 303 contracts to draw in converted venous blood through the vena cava 11 and venous capillary 13. Furthermore, the left atrium 301 contracts and pumps arterial blood into the left ventricle 302 through a one-way valve, while the right atrium 303 contracts and pumps venous blood into the right ventricle 304 through a one-way valve.

[0029] Furthermore, the aforementioned blood circulation follows the normal circulatory direction of the human body, and is divided into systemic circulation and pulmonary circulation. Systemic circulation is used to transport oxygenated blood to various organs, while pulmonary circulation is used to transport blood containing metabolites to the lungs to replenish oxygen.

[0030] Based on the above embodiments, a preferred embodiment of a heart simulation pump 3 is provided below.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the heart simulation pump 3 includes a housing 31 and a simulated heart 32. The simulated heart 32 is disposed inside the housing 31, and the left atrium 301, left ventricle 302, right atrium 303, and right ventricle 304 are formed inside the simulated heart 32. Furthermore, a first gap 33 and a second gap 34 are formed between the simulated heart 32 and the outer shell 31. The first gap 33 and the second gap 34 are not connected. The first gap 33 is located outside the left atrium 301 and the right atrium 303, and the second gap 34 is located outside the left ventricle 302 and the right ventricle 304. The outer wall of the simulated heart 32 is elastic. By periodically increasing or decreasing the pressure on the first gap 33 and the second gap 34, the outer wall of the simulated heart 32 is periodically squeezed to simulate heart contraction.

[0032] In this embodiment, the simulated heart pump 3 consists of a housing 31 and a simulated heart 32. The simulated heart 32 is made according to the structure of a human heart and, after being installed inside the housing 31, forms two non-communicating gaps, a first gap 33 and a second gap 34. The first gap 33 and the second gap 34 can independently control the internal pressure, thereby controlling the contraction of the ventricles and atria of the simulated heart 32 by increasing or decreasing the pressure. The ventricles and atria contract asynchronously; that is, when the atria contract, the ventricles relax, and when the ventricles contract, the atria relax, thus alternating their operation.

[0033] Since the ventricles and atria contract asynchronously, that is, the pumping mechanism in the blood circulation process requires the alternating contraction of the ventricles and atria, the following preferred embodiments are provided.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, two cylinders 35 are provided on the outer shell 31. One end of each cylinder 35 is connected to the first gap 33 and the second gap 34, respectively. A piston rod 351 is provided inside the cylinder 35. The piston rod 351 can reciprocate along the axis of the cylinder 35 to periodically increase or decrease the pressure on the first gap 33 and the second gap 34.

[0035] In this embodiment, two cylinders 35 connected to the first gap 33 and the second gap 34 are provided on the outer shell 31. A piston rod 351 is provided inside the cylinder 35. The piston rod 351 can adjust the pressure between itself and the first gap 33 and the second gap 34 by moving inside the cylinder 35, thereby realizing pressurization and depressurization.

[0036] Furthermore, since the first gap 33 and the second gap 34 alternately increase and decrease pressure, that is, the two cylinders 35 and the two piston rods 351 work synchronously, the following preferred embodiments are provided.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, a crank-connecting rod mechanism 4 is provided on the housing 31. The crank-connecting rod mechanism 4 has a crankshaft part 41 and two connecting rod parts 42. The two connecting rod parts 42 are rotatably mounted on two piston rods 351 respectively, and the two connecting rod parts 42 are rotatably connected to the crankshaft part 41 so as to synchronously drive the two piston rods 351 to periodically increase or decrease the pressure on the first gap 33 and the second gap 34 respectively.

[0038] In this embodiment, a crank-connecting rod mechanism 4 is used to synchronously control the operation of two piston rods 351. The crankshaft part 41 rotates at a fixed speed, and the connecting rod part 42 is rotatably connected to the piston rod 351. When the crankshaft part 41 rotates the connecting rod part 42, the connecting rod part 42 periodically drives the piston rod 351 to move within the cylinder 35, thereby increasing or decreasing the pressure of the first gap 33 and the second gap 34.

[0039] During the decompression process of the first gap 33 and the second gap 34, the first gap 33 and the second gap 34 are not pressurized at the same time to simulate the non-simultaneous contraction of the ventricles and atria of the heart.

[0040] In actual cardiac contraction and relaxation, the contraction time of the heart is shorter than the relaxation time. Based on this, the following preferred embodiments are provided.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the crankshaft section 41 has two cranks 411 and three straight shafts 412, which are sequentially connected. The two cranks 411 are respectively located on both sides of the straight shafts 412, and the two connecting rod sections 42 are rotatably mounted on the two cranks 411 respectively. A ratchet transmission mechanism 43 is provided at the connection between the crank 411 and the straight shaft 412. The straight shaft 412 can drive the crank 411 to rotate in one direction through the ratchet transmission mechanism 43. A spring rod 44 is installed on the crank 411. The other end of the spring rod 44 is installed on the housing 31 to assist in pushing the crank 411 to rotate independently and accelerate when the crank 411 rotates toward the piston rod 351.

[0042] In this embodiment, by setting a ratchet transmission mechanism 43 between the crank 411 and the straight shaft 412, the straight shaft 412 and the crank 411 can be interlocked in one direction, so that they can rotate at a fixed speed in one direction. The ratchet transmission mechanism 43 can isolate the two cranks 411, so that when the spring rod 44 rebounds, it can push the crank 411 to accelerate its rotation and form an interlock in the new position to continue rotating. That is, during the contraction period, the contraction speed is accelerated and the contraction time is shortened, simulating that the contraction time of the heart is shorter than the diastolic time, thus improving the realism of the blood circulation simulation.

[0043] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the ratchet transmission mechanism 43 includes a ratchet disc 431 and a pawl disc 432. The ratchet disc 431 and the pawl disc 432 are coaxially rotatably connected and close to each other. The pawls 433 on the pawl disc 432 are distributed on the outer periphery of the ratchet disc 431 and cooperate with the ratchet disc 431. A rubber pad 434 is provided at the contact end of the pawl 433 and the ratchet disc 431.

[0044] Ratchet disc 431 and pawl disc 432 are interlocked by pawl 433. When the straight shaft 412 rotates, ratchet disc 431 and pawl disc 432 are interlocked by pawl 433, driving crank 411 to rotate synchronously at the same speed. When spring rod 44 pushes crank 411, the relative speed of crank 411 increases, and the speed of ratchet disc 431 relative to pawl disc 432 increases, that is, forming a reverse relative rotation towards the interlock. Ratchet disc 431 rotates on pawl disc 432, and after the speed of ratchet disc 431 recovers, the pawl 433 of pawl disc 432 abuts against ratchet disc 431 again, driving it to rotate at a fixed speed.

[0045] Among them, the rubber pad 434 can effectively reduce the impact force of the ratchet 433 and the ratchet disc 431 abutting again, and reduce the probability of high-frequency contact damage.

[0046] Furthermore, because the spring rod 44 is compressed when the crank 411 moves away from the piston rod 351 and rebounds to reset when it moves closer to the piston rod 351, and during the reset process, the pressure inside the cylinder 35 gradually increases while the elastic force of the spring rod 44 gradually decreases, thus assisting the crank 411 to first accelerate its rotation and then gradually decelerate until it is driven by the ratchet transmission mechanism 43. The movement process conforms to the rapid contraction to slow contraction during the systolic phase of the heart, thereby improving the realism of the blood circulation simulation.

[0047] In addition, the drive of crank-connecting rod mechanism 4 is as follows Figure 2 As shown, a motor 5 is mounted on the housing 31, and the motor shaft of the motor 5 is flexibly connected to a straight shaft 412 located at the end of the crankshaft section 41.

[0048] In this embodiment, the crank-connecting rod mechanism 4 is started by the motor 5 through a soft connection, thereby reducing the probability of damaging the ratchet transmission mechanism 43 during startup.

[0049] The aforementioned "pressure increase and pressure decrease" refers to a pressure change process. Specifically, during the pressure increase process, the pressure in the first gap 33 is greater than the pressure within the atrium, and the pressure in the second gap 33 is greater than the pressure within the ventricle. Conversely, during the pressure decrease process, the pressure in the first gap 33 is less than the pressure within the atrium, and the pressure in the second gap 33 is less than the pressure within the ventricle. In other words, the movement of the piston rod 351 from the outside to the inside (gap) within the cylinder 35 constitutes the pressure increase process, while its movement from the inside to the outside constitutes the pressure decrease process.

[0050] Since blood circulation simulation is for interventional surgery training, the inner wall of the blood vessels should simulate the thrombosis, lesions, etc. present in the patient. Based on the above embodiments, the following is a preferred embodiment of a venous simulation tubing 1 and an arterial simulation tubing 2.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, both the venous simulation pipeline 1 and the arterial simulation pipeline 2 are spliced ​​structures, consisting of multiple pipe fittings of different shapes connected together. Adjacent pipe fittings are connected and their ends are wrapped by a fixing device 6.

[0052] In this embodiment, the venous simulation tubing 1 and the arterial simulation tubing 2 adopt a spliced ​​structure, thereby enabling the partial replacement of the venous simulation tubing 1 and the arterial simulation tubing 2. Different tubing components can be replaced based on different lesions, thereby improving the learning effect of blood circulation simulation.

[0053] Of course, the spliced ​​structure of the venous simulation line 1 and the arterial simulation line 2 requires the connection to be sealed and smooth to avoid affecting the interventional surgery operation. Based on this, the following preferred embodiments are provided.

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, the fixture 6 includes a sub-pipe 61 and a main pipe 62, and the end of the fitting is inserted into the end of the sub-pipe 61 or the main pipe 62 for installation. The outer periphery of the sub-tube 61 has multiple positioning holes 611, and the outer periphery of the mother tube 62 has multiple positioning posts 621. The multiple positioning posts 621 correspond one-to-one with the multiple positioning holes 611, and the inner diameter of the positioning hole 611 is equal to the outer diameter of the positioning post 621, so that the connection between the sub-tube 61 and the mother tube 62 is smoothly aligned after the positioning post 621 is inserted and connected to the positioning hole 611. Among them, a threaded post 622 with a diameter smaller than that of the positioning post 621 is formed at the end of the positioning post 621. The threaded post 622 is used to lock the daughter tube 61 and the mother tube 62 by means of a washer and a nut.

[0055] In this embodiment, the conduits of the venous simulation conduit 1 and the arterial simulation conduit 2 are connected by a sub-tube 61 and a mother tube 62. The sub-tube 61 and the mother tube 62 are connected by a positioning hole 611 and a positioning post 621, and then fixed by a gasket and a nut. This ensures a smooth joint after connection and minimizes the impact on interventional surgery.

[0056] In addition, such as Figure 4 As shown, slots 63 are provided at the connection ends of the sub-pipe 61 and the mother pipe 62 with the fitting. The distance from the groove wall of the slot 63 to the channel of the sub-pipe 61 and the mother pipe 62 is equal to the thickness of the fitting, so that after the fitting is inserted into the slot 63, the inner wall of the fitting is smoothly aligned with the channel of the sub-pipe 61 and the mother pipe 62.

[0057] In this embodiment, the daughter tube 61 and the mother tube 62 are connected to the end of the fitting through the slot 63. After the fitting is inserted into the slot 63, the inner walls of the daughter tube 61 and the mother tube 62 and the inner wall of the fitting are smoothly transitioned, reducing the impact on interventional surgery.

[0058] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. The scope of protection of this application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to this application within its substance and scope of protection, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be considered to fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A blood circulation simulation device for vascular interventional surgery, characterized in that, include: The venous simulation pipeline (1) has a vena cava (11) and a pulmonary vein (12), and venous capillaries (13) are provided at the ends of each branch of the vena cava (11) and the ends of the pulmonary veins. The arterial simulation pipeline (2) has an aorta (21) and a pulmonary artery (22), and arterial capillaries (23) are provided at the ends of each branch of the aorta (21) and the ends of the pulmonary artery (22), and the arterial capillaries (23) are connected to the venous capillaries (13) in the corresponding organs. The heart simulation pump (3) has a left atrium (301) and a left ventricle (302) connected by a one-way valve, and a right atrium (303) and a right ventricle (304) connected by a one-way valve. The main end of the vena cava (11) is connected to the right atrium (303), the pulmonary vein (12) is connected to the left atrium (301), the aorta (21) is connected to the left ventricle (302), and the pulmonary artery (22) is connected to the right ventricle (304). The pulmonary vein (12) and the pulmonary artery (22) are connected through the venous capillary (13) and the arterial capillary (23), and the ends of each branch of the vena cava (11) and the aorta (21) are connected through the venous capillary (13) and the arterial capillary (23). The left atrium (301) and the right atrium (303) contract synchronously at a fixed frequency, and the left ventricle (302) and the right ventricle (304) contract synchronously at a fixed frequency. The left atrium (301) and the right atrium (303) contract alternately with the left ventricle (302) and the right ventricle (304) to construct a pulmonary circulation system and a systemic circulation system to simulate human blood circulation.

2. The vascular interventional surgery blood circulation simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heart simulation pump (3) includes a housing (31) and a simulated heart (32), the simulated heart (32) being disposed inside the housing (31), and the left atrium (301), the left ventricle (302), the right atrium (303), and the right ventricle (304) being formed inside the simulated heart (32); Furthermore, a first gap (33) and a second gap (34) are formed between the simulated heart (32) and the outer shell (31). The first gap (33) and the second gap (34) are not connected. The first gap (33) is located outside the left atrium (301) and the right atrium (303), and the second gap (34) is located outside the left ventricle (302) and the right ventricle (304). The outer wall of the simulated heart (32) is elastic. By periodically increasing or decreasing the pressure on the first gap (33) and the second gap (34), the outer wall of the simulated heart (32) is periodically squeezed to simulate heart contraction.

3. The vascular interventional surgery blood circulation simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two cylinders (35) are provided on the outer shell (31). One end of each cylinder (35) is connected to the first gap (33) and the second gap (34) respectively. A piston rod (351) is provided inside the cylinder (35). The piston rod (351) can reciprocate along the axis of the cylinder (35) to periodically increase or decrease the pressure on the first gap (33) and the second gap (34).

4. The vascular interventional surgery blood circulation simulation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A crank-connecting rod mechanism (4) is provided on the housing (31). The crank-connecting rod mechanism (4) has a crankshaft part (41) and two connecting rod parts (42). The two connecting rod parts (42) are rotatably mounted on the two piston rods (351) respectively, and the two connecting rod parts (42) are rotatably connected to the crankshaft part (41) to synchronously drive the two piston rods (351) to periodically increase or decrease the pressure on the first gap (33) and the second gap (34) respectively, and the pressure increase or decrease states of the first gap (33) and the second gap (34) are opposite.

5. The vascular interventional surgery blood circulation simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The crankshaft section (41) has two cranks (411) and three straight shafts (412), the two cranks (411) and the three straight shafts (412) are connected in sequence, and the two cranks (411) are respectively disposed on both sides of the straight shafts (412), and the two connecting rod sections (42) are respectively rotatably mounted on the two cranks (411); A ratchet transmission mechanism (43) is provided at the connection between the crank (411) and the straight shaft (412). The straight shaft (412) can drive the crank (411) to rotate in one direction through the ratchet transmission mechanism (43). A spring rod (44) is installed on the crank (411). The other end of the spring rod (44) is installed on the housing (31) to assist in pushing the crank (411) to rotate independently and accelerate when the crank (411) rotates toward the piston rod (351).

6. The vascular interventional surgery blood circulation simulation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The ratchet transmission mechanism (43) includes a ratchet disc (431) and a pawl disc (432). The ratchet disc (431) and the pawl disc (432) are coaxially rotatably connected and close to each other. Pawls (433) on the pawl disc (432) are distributed on the outer periphery of the ratchet disc (431) and cooperate with the ratchet disc (431). A rubber pad (434) is provided at the contact end of the pawl (433) and the ratchet disc (431).

7. The vascular interventional surgery blood circulation simulation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A motor (5) is mounted on the housing (31), and the motor (5) is flexibly connected to a straight shaft (412) located at the end of the crankshaft (41).

8. The vascular interventional surgery blood circulation simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the simulated vein tubing (1) and the simulated artery tubing (2) are spliced ​​structures, consisting of multiple tubing components of different shapes joined together. The adjacent tubing components are connected by a fixator (6) and the ends of the tubing components are wrapped.

9. A vascular interventional surgery blood circulation simulation device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fixture (6) includes a sub-tube (61) and a main tube (62), and the end of the fitting is inserted into the end of the sub-tube (61) or the main tube (62) for installation; The outer periphery of the sub-tube (61) has a plurality of positioning holes (611), and the outer periphery of the mother tube (62) has a plurality of positioning posts (621). The plurality of positioning posts (621) correspond one-to-one with the plurality of positioning holes (611), and the inner diameter of the positioning hole (611) is equal to the outer diameter of the positioning post (621), so that after the positioning post (621) is inserted and connected to the positioning hole (611), the connection between the sub-tube (61) and the mother tube (62) is smoothly aligned. Wherein, a threaded post (622) with a diameter smaller than that of the positioning post (621) is formed at the end of the positioning post (621), and the threaded post (622) is used to lock the daughter tube (61) and the mother tube (62) by means of a washer and a nut.

10. A vascular interventional surgery blood circulation simulation device according to claim 9, characterized in that, A slot (63) is provided at the connection end of the sub-pipe (61) and the mother pipe (62) with the fitting. The distance from the groove wall of the slot (63) to the channel of the sub-pipe (61) and the mother pipe (62) is equal to the thickness of the fitting, so that after the fitting is inserted into the slot (63), the inner wall of the fitting is smoothly aligned with the channel of the sub-pipe (61) and the mother pipe (62).

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