Air conditioning device for rural areas

Abstract

According to the rural air conditioning device, coal or biomass straw is adopted as fuel, the energy storage technology is combined, flue gas waste heat generated by a kitchen range device is efficiently recycled and stored, the stored energy is used for dragging an absorption type refrigerating device to be used for refrigerating and heating air, and an adopted regenerator can flexibly adjust the operation mode and is used for peak clipping and valley filling; the energy-saving kitchen range is used for refrigerating, heating or drying clothes, the power consumption is low, the comprehensive heat utilization efficiency of the kitchen range is greatly improved, the market application space is obvious, and the expected economic, social and environment-friendly benefits are remarkable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an air conditioning device for rural areas, and more specifically to an air conditioning device for rural areas that employs energy storage technology. Background Technology

[0002] Human beings' extensive use of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas has led to increasingly serious environmental problems such as the greenhouse effect and smog, posing a severe challenge to human survival and long-term sustainable development. In the face of increasingly serious climate problems, transforming the high-carbon economic development model and finding a low-carbon and sustainable development path has become an international consensus.

[0003] Rural energy is not only an important component of China's energy system but also a crucial aspect of rural modernization, playing a vital role in promoting social development. As the living standards of rural residents in my country have gradually improved, their energy demand has also continuously increased, with per capita energy consumption rising from 60 kg of standard coal equivalent in 1980 to 417 kg of standard coal equivalent in 2017. Simultaneously, the structure of rural residents' energy consumption has been continuously optimized. Between 2010 and 2017, the proportion of biomass energy consumption in total rural residents' energy consumption decreased from 40% to 18%, while electricity consumption increased from 5% to 15%, and coal consumption fluctuated around 30%. Therefore, how to utilize existing biomass fuel resources to improve and optimize the energy consumption structure of rural residents and enhance their living standards has become a problem worthy of in-depth research.

[0004] In order to address the challenges of energy supply and demand and climate change, many countries have put forward plans for energy conservation, emission reduction and climate change mitigation.

[0005] Currently, the thermal efficiency of household gas, coal, or straw-burning stoves in rural areas is not high. Taking gas stoves as an example, the thermal utilization efficiency of gas in domestic gas stoves is between 55% and 63%. When gas is used to heat cooking utensils such as steamers, kettles, and woks, and the stove uses an open flame heating method, the overall thermal utilization efficiency of the fuel is between 14% and 20%. If the gas stove uses a jacket or water jacket around the lower part of the cooking utensils to recover heat, the overall thermal utilization efficiency of the gas is around 35%.

[0006] Household air conditioners use Freon or its substitutes as the working fluid in the circulation system and employ the principles of gas compression refrigeration and heat pump heating. They are major electricity consumers in rural households, and many rural households in China do not have air conditioners installed at all, nor can they afford the resulting electricity bills.

[0007] Therefore, exploring ways to improve the thermal efficiency of rural stoves, find new ways to utilize coal or straw, develop low-cost, low-power, and high-efficiency air conditioning devices, and improve the quality of life for the rural population is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to find new ways to utilize coal or straw in rural areas and to develop a low-cost, low-power-consumption, and high-thermal-efficiency air conditioning device for rural use.

[0009] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following specific measures:

[0010] An air conditioning device for rural use includes a miniature thermal oil heater and an absorption chiller. The miniature thermal oil heater has a rated thermal power of ≤99.9KW. Its basic implementation process is as follows:

[0011] Air is sent into burner 4 by blower 2 and mixed with fuel 3 for combustion. The flame generated by combustion heats the cooker 16 in the flame space and is discharged. After the temperature is reduced by flue 10 and heat exchanger 5, it is discharged from the flue. The heat transfer oil from oil storage tank 6 is pressurized by No. 1 oil pump 7 and absorbs the heat of high temperature flue gas through heat exchanger 5. It is then sent back to oil storage tank 6. The heat transfer oil from oil storage tank 6 returns to No. 1 oil pump 7, thus forming a heat transfer oil heat recovery and heat storage circulation loop for the heat of fuel flue gas in rural household stoves.

[0012] An absorption chiller is provided. A suitable refrigerant pair is selected for the absorption chiller. This refrigerant pair is applicable to the fields of refrigeration and cryogenic technology, including but not limited to ammonia-water, lithium bromide-water, ammonia-sodium thiocyanate solution, or the refrigerant pair provided by CN202210567342.6 (dimethyl ether-ionic liquid refrigerant), or the refrigerant pair provided by CN202211615323.2 (R134a-DMETG solution), or the refrigerant pair provided by CN202310535508.0 (ammonia-ionic liquid refrigerant). Similar to the ammonia-water absorption chiller, its basic cycle principle is the same. The following explanation uses the ammonia-water absorption chiller as an example:

[0013] The absorption chiller includes a generator 20, a condenser 23, a throttling valve F10, an evaporator 24, an absorber 21, a solution pump 19, and a regulating valve F11;

[0014] The high-temperature heat transfer oil from the oil storage tank 6 is pressurized by the No. 1 oil pump 7 or the No. 2 oil pump 7-1 and then sent to the generator 20 to heat the concentrated solution of the refrigerant, i.e., the concentrated ammonia solution. Then it returns to the oil storage tank 6 through the return oil pipeline, thus forming a heat utilization loop of the heat-storing heat transfer oil in the oil storage tank 6.

[0015] The concentrated refrigerant solution (i.e., concentrated ammonia solution) formed in the absorber 21 is sent to the generator 20 via the solution pump 19. In the generator 20, the refrigerant vapor 22 (i.e., ammonia vapor) is generated by heating with high-temperature heat transfer oil. The vapor is then sent to the evaporator 24 via the condenser 23 and the expansion valve F10. The vapor absorbs the heat from the cooling unit 36 ​​and evaporates to produce gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant returns to the absorber 21 and comes into contact with the dilute refrigerant solution formed in the generator 20 via the regulating valve F11 to form a concentrated refrigerant solution, thus forming the refrigerant circulation process of the absorption chiller.

[0016] The cooling medium 25 of the condenser 23 and the cooling refrigerant 31 of the absorber 21 are either air or coolant. When the coolant is water or an aqueous solution, the booster 37 is a circulating pump. The heated coolant is cooled by a known cooling tower and then returned to the condenser 23 and the absorber 21. When the cooling of the condenser 23 and the absorber 21 is done with air, the booster 37 is a fan.

[0017] The coolant from the cooling unit 36 ​​is pressurized by the booster 37 and then enters the evaporator 24 to absorb the cooling energy released by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 24. The coolant, which has absorbed the cooling energy and whose temperature has dropped, returns to the cooling unit 36 ​​to provide cooling, thus forming a coolant circulation loop where the coolant is charged and then supplied to the cooling unit 36.

[0018] The cooling medium is air, water, or an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol, etc.; when the cooling medium is a gas, the booster 37 is a fan; when the cooling medium is a liquid, the booster 37 is a liquid circulation pump.

[0019] A phase change cold storage unit 27 is provided.

[0020] The cooling medium from the cooling unit 36 ​​is pressurized by the booster 37 and sent to the evaporator 24 to absorb the cold released by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 24. The cooling medium, which has absorbed the cold and whose temperature has dropped, then passes through the cooling medium channel 29 of the phase change cold storage 27 to release a portion of the cold to the phase change refrigerant 28 in the phase change cold storage 27. The phase change refrigerant 28 changes from liquid to solid and performs phase change cold storage. The other portion of the cold absorbed by the cooling medium from the evaporator 24 is sent to the cooling unit 36 ​​for cooling, thus forming a cooling medium circulation loop of charging the cooling medium, supplying cooling to the phase change cold storage 27, and then supplying cooling to the cooling unit 36.

[0021] The phase change regenerator 27 consists of a cavity space for encapsulating the phase change working fluid 28 and a cavity space for the cooling medium channel 29. It adopts a partitioned heat transfer and cooling method. The cavity of the phase change working fluid 28 in the phase change regenerator 27 is filled with sufficient expansion space 30 for the phase change working fluid to ensure that when the phase change working fluid completely transforms from liquid to solid, there will be no overpressure rupture caused by the inability to fully release the expansion amount. The cavity of the cooling medium channel 29 is connected to the inlet and outlet pipes.

[0022] The cooling unit 36 ​​is a household refrigerator or air conditioner.

[0023] The phase change regenerator 27 can determine the amount of phase change working fluid 28 based on more than half of the maximum cooling load over a certain period of time, ensuring the achievement of the set target.

[0024] The phase change accumulator 27 is made of a material resistant to the corrosion of the phase change working fluid, such as corrosion-resistant stainless steel.

[0025] Since the phase change accumulator 27 adopts a process in which the phase change working fluid is enclosed in the phase change accumulator, the phase change working fluid and the cooling medium working fluid do not come into contact. Therefore, the water in the phase change working fluid will not evaporate into the cooling medium, thus effectively avoiding frost formation on the cooling medium at the evaporator 24, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the defrosting circuit.

[0026] The control and usage methods of the phase change cold storage device 27 are as follows:

[0027] When the cooling load of the cooling unit 36 ​​increases sharply in a short period of time and the cooling capacity supplied by the evaporator 24 in the refrigerant circulation loop is insufficient, the cooling capacity stored in the phase change cold storage unit 27 can be released to supply the cooling unit 36, thereby alleviating the rapid increase in the cooling load demand of the cooling unit 36 ​​in a short period of time. There is no need to configure additional cooling equipment to meet the needs of the cooling unit 36, reducing the cost of adding refrigeration system and the corresponding power capacity expansion cost and power supply and distribution facility cost.

[0028] When the cooling load of the cooling unit 36 ​​changes frequently, the phase change cold storage 27 can absorb or release the cold energy to ensure that the absorption chiller is basically in full-load operation, thereby improving the stability of the device operation and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0029] When the cooling unit 36 ​​is in a low-load operation state, the absorption chiller is used to operate at almost full load. Part of the cold energy is stored in the phase change cold storage 27, and the other part of the cold energy is supplied to the user unit 36. When the phase change working fluid 28 in the phase change cold storage 27 is full of cold energy, the absorption chiller is stopped, and the cold energy stored in the phase change cold storage 27 is used to supply the cooling in a cooling carrier circulation mode, so as to avoid frequent start-up and shutdown of the absorption chiller and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0030] When power supply departments are forced to take staggered power consumption measures during peak electricity consumption periods, the phase change cold storage device 27 can store cold during the "off-peak" period of electricity load at night and use the stored cold capacity of the phase change cold storage device 27 to supply cooling during a certain period of the "peak" period of electricity load during the day. This avoids peak electricity consumption, reduces the pressure on the power grid caused by peak electricity consumption, balances the peak and valley loads of the power grid, and optimizes the allocation of power resources.

[0031] The solution pump 19 is an electrically driven solution circulation pump or a natural circulation bubble pump. The bubble pump essentially uses the high position difference between the generator 20 and the absorber 21 and the buoyancy of the bubbles in the riser pipe to drive the solution from the absorber 21 to the generator 20.

[0032] The cavity space of the phase change working medium 28 in the phase change cold storage 27 and the cavity space of the cold carrier channel 29 in the phase change cold storage 27 are provided with enhanced heat transfer measures.

[0033] The phase change working medium 28 includes, but is not limited to, water or eutectic salts. The phase change working medium must meet the requirements of the refrigeration process. Eutectic salt cold storage materials include aqueous solutions of NaCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2. Commonly used phase change working media and their corresponding phase change temperatures are as follows: water, 0℃; 12.7% Na2SO4 aqueous solution, -3.55℃; tetradecane to octadecane, -4.02℃; dodecane to tridecane, -9.7 to -5.4℃; diethylene glycol, -10 to -7℃; 22.4% NaCl aqueous solution, -21.2℃; etc.

[0034] A heater 33 is provided: the heat transfer oil from the oil storage tank 6 is sent to the heater 33 via the No. 1 oil pump 7 or the No. 2 oil pump 7-1 to heat the cold air 34 and form the heating air 35 for heating or drying clothes. The heat transfer oil from the heater 33 returns to the oil storage tank 6, thus forming a heat supply circulation loop of the heat transfer oil stored in the oil storage tank 6.

[0035] The fuel 3 mentioned is a solid fuel, such as coal or biomass straw fuel.

[0036] The cooking appliance 16 can be a wok, steamer, aluminum kettle, etc., which are in direct contact with the flame space 9 of the burner 4. Air 1 is sent into the burner 4 by the blower 2 and mixed with fuel 3 for combustion. The flame generated by combustion heats the cooking appliance 16 in the flame space 9. After the temperature is reduced by the flue 10 and heat exchanger 5, it is discharged as low-temperature flue gas.

[0037] It is equipped with a bypass flue 11 and a vent valve plate 12. When the power is off, the vent valve plate 12 on the bypass flue 11 or the furnace cover 17 on the burner 4 fire port is opened to release high-temperature flue gas and prevent the heat transfer oil in the heat exchanger 5 from overheating.

[0038] A slide gate type isolation valve is provided: A slide gate type isolation valve is provided between the flue 10 and the heat exchanger 5. When it is necessary to seal or shut down the burner, the slide gate type isolation valve is inserted to block the flow of high-temperature flue gas to the heat exchanger 5 and prevent the heat transfer oil in the heat exchanger 5 from overheating.

[0039] A settling tank 13 is provided: high-temperature flue gas from flue 10 is sent into the settling tank, which has a baffle 14 in the middle. The high-temperature flue gas expands through the large settling space 15 of the settling tank, reducing the flue gas velocity and making it easier for dust in the flue gas to settle down and fall into the lower part of the settling tank. The expanded flue gas rises from the bottom of the baffle 14 and is then sent into the heat exchanger 5 from the flue outlet. The dust accumulated in the lower part of the settling tank is cleaned regularly.

[0040] Preferably, the stove cover 17 is made of heat-resistant insulating material. When the cookware 17 is not in use and the oil storage tank 6 needs to be reheated, the cover can be used to seal the fire opening and reduce heat loss from the flue gas.

[0041] The system is equipped with a No. 1 filter 8 and a No. 2 filter 8-1 to filter solid impurity particles in the heat transfer oil at the inlet of the No. 1 oil pump 7 and the No. 2 oil pump 7-1.

[0042] In real life: a gas stove with a large flame in a household usually only needs 4KW to 7KW of heat power when stir-frying. A rice cooker with 1KW power can cook rice for 6 to 10 people. If you also consider using heat storage and heat transfer oil as a heat source for air heaters or to drive air conditioners, the instantaneous maximum heat power of all heat-using equipment is not high.

[0043] The oil storage tank 6 in the miniature thermal oil furnace plays the role of oil-gas separation, buffering and heat storage, so insulation measures are required. The preferred design temperature range for the outer surface of the insulation is 25 to 30°C.

[0044] The oil storage tank 6 can be horizontal or vertical. Preferably, the oil storage tank 6 is vertical, which facilitates the compact arrangement of the stove system.

[0045] The necessary exhaust valves are installed in this device.

[0046] The miniature thermal oil furnace of this device adopts a special thermal oil encapsulation process: after the oil circuit of the assembled miniature thermal oil furnace is purged, tested for air tightness, and tested for hydraulic pressure, the thermal oil in the assembled miniature thermal oil furnace is dehydrated and degassed in the manufacturing unit. After passing the test, the air remaining in the miniature thermal oil furnace is replaced with nitrogen and then sealed and insulated; or the assembled miniature thermal oil furnace system is first replaced with nitrogen, and then the dehydrated and degassed thermal oil is injected, sealed, and insulated.

[0047] The rated thermal power of the miniature thermal oil furnace in this device is ≤99.9KW, which is lower than the current national safety technical specifications (TSG11-2020 Boiler Safety Technical Specifications) and therefore does not fall under the category of pressure-bearing special equipment. Under the premise of ensuring safety, the material selection for the pressure-bearing components of the miniature thermal oil furnace in this household energy-efficient utilization system shall comply with the TSG11-2020 Boiler Safety Technical Specifications, and other parts shall be implemented accordingly.

[0048] Pipelines, instruments, valves, and automatic controls not described in this invention are supported by known technologies.

[0049] All parts not covered in this invention are the same as or can be implemented using existing technologies, meaning that existing mature and reliable reasonable improvement measures can be introduced into this system.

[0050] The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0051] 1. Significant energy-saving effect: Compared with traditional rural stoves that burn coal or straw, the comprehensive heat utilization efficiency of solid fuel in stoves can be increased by about 100% by combining mature boiler and heat transfer device design technology.

[0052] 2. Significant Energy Saving: The waste heat from the stove's high-temperature flue gas is stored and used as a heat source for an absorption chiller to power an air conditioner or refrigerator. Compared to air conditioners or refrigerators using gas compression refrigeration, the energy consumption of auxiliary equipment is essentially the same for both compression chillers and absorption chillers with similar capacity and parameters. Currently, the most advanced turbine compressors consume an average of 292 megajoules of energy to produce 1 gigajoule of cooling capacity. A comparison of the energy indicators of compression chillers and absorption chillers shows that the absorption chiller, which utilizes waste heat, saves approximately 260-300 megajoules of energy per gigajoule of cooling capacity compared to a compression chiller. Clearly, using the waste heat from household stove flue gas to power an absorption chiller for air conditioning or refrigerators offers significantly greater energy savings compared to gas compression refrigeration systems with the same cooling capacity.

[0053] 3. Improve people's livelihood and provide an efficient way to utilize straw: For the vast majority of the population in rural China, how to make reasonable use of straw has always been a major problem. This device provides an efficient way to utilize straw: the straw fuel is concentrated in the daytime for a period of time for combustion, and the heat generated is stored in the heat storage tank of the thermal oil furnace. At night, it serves as a heat source to drive the air conditioner at low cost and low power consumption, and the operation is flexible and convenient.

[0054] 4. Through the phase change cold storage technology of the present invention, the operating mode can be flexibly adjusted and peak shaving and valley filling can be achieved. For example, when the difference between peak and valley electricity prices is large, the operating cost of air conditioning can be effectively reduced by 40% to 50%.

[0055] 5. Wide range of applications: The technology of this invention has many applicable scenarios and can also be applied to the construction or renovation of stove fuel systems and air conditioning systems in hotels, restaurants, and catering establishments. It has a wide range of applications both domestically and internationally.

[0056] 6. Compared with the prior art, the present invention solves the problem of the difficulty in matching the refrigerant load and heat source load of industrial absorption chillers. By using the high-temperature heat transfer oil in the heat storage tank of the micro heat transfer oil furnace as a heat source, the present invention effectively solves the load matching problem between the absorption chiller and the heat storage unit, i.e., the micro heat transfer oil furnace, and applies the heat transfer system and refrigerant system of two industrial production systems to the household air conditioning system. Attached Figure Description

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process flow for an air conditioning unit used in rural areas.

[0058] Figure 1 In the middle: 1-Air, 2-Blower, 3-Fuel, 4-Burner, 5-Heat Exchanger, 6-Oil Storage Tank, 6-1-Oil Storage Tank Gas Space, 7-No. 1 Oil Pump, 7-1-No. 2 Oil Pump, 8-No. 1 Filter, 8-1-No. 2 Filter, 9-Flame Space, 10-Flue, 11-Bypass Flue, 12-Vent Valve Plate, 13-Ash Settling Tank, 14-Baffle Plate, 15-Ash Settling Space, 16-Cooking Utensils, 17-Furnace Lid, 18-Insulated Handle, 19-Solution Pump, 20-Generator, 21-Absorber, 22- -Refrigeration working fluid vapor, 23-Condenser, 24-Evaporator, 25-Cooling medium, 26-Cooling discharge medium, 27-Phase change refrigerant, 28-Phase change working fluid, 29-Cooling medium passage, 30-Phase change working fluid expansion space, 31-Refrigerant, 32-Heating medium, 33-Warm air blower, 34-Cold air, 35-Heating air, 36-Cooling unit, 37-Booster; F1 to F11, where: F7 is a three-way switching valve, F8 is a discharge valve, F9 is a vent valve, F10 is a throttle valve, and F11 is a regulating valve. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0060] Example 1:

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, a rural air conditioning unit is described in the following specific embodiment:

[0062] The device includes a miniature thermal oil furnace and an absorption chiller. The rated thermal power of the miniature thermal oil furnace is ≤99.9KW, and its basic implementation process is as follows:

[0063] Air is sent into burner 4 by blower 2 and mixed with fuel 3 for combustion. The flame generated by combustion heats the cooker 16 in the flame space and is discharged. After the temperature is reduced by flue 10 and heat exchanger 5, it is discharged from the flue. The heat transfer oil from oil storage tank 6 is pressurized by No. 1 oil pump 7 and absorbs the heat of high temperature flue gas through heat exchanger 5. It is then sent back to oil storage tank 6. The heat transfer oil from oil storage tank 6 returns to No. 1 oil pump 7, thus forming a heat transfer oil heat recovery and heat storage circulation loop for the heat of fuel flue gas in rural household stoves.

[0064] An absorption chiller is provided; an ammonia-water absorption chiller is selected. The following explanation uses an ammonia-water absorption chiller as an example:

[0065] The absorption chiller includes a generator 20, a condenser 23, a throttling valve F10, an evaporator 24, an absorber 21, a solution pump 19, and a regulating valve F11;

[0066] The high-temperature heat transfer oil from the oil storage tank 6 is pressurized by the No. 1 oil pump 7 or the No. 2 oil pump 7-1 and then sent to the generator 20 to heat the concentrated solution of the refrigerant, i.e., the concentrated ammonia solution. Then it returns to the oil storage tank 6 through the return oil pipeline, thus forming a heat utilization loop of the heat-storing heat transfer oil in the oil storage tank 6.

[0067] The concentrated refrigerant solution (i.e., concentrated ammonia solution) formed in the absorber 21 is sent to the generator 20 via the solution pump 19. In the generator 20, the refrigerant vapor 22 (i.e., ammonia vapor) is generated by heating with high-temperature heat transfer oil. The vapor is then sent to the evaporator 24 via the condenser 23 and the expansion valve F10. The vapor absorbs the heat from the cooling unit 36 ​​and evaporates to produce gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant returns to the absorber 21 and comes into contact with the dilute refrigerant solution formed in the generator 20 via the regulating valve F11 to form a concentrated refrigerant solution, thus forming the refrigerant circulation process of the absorption chiller.

[0068] The cooling medium 25 of the condenser 23 and the cooling refrigerant 31 of the absorber 21 are either air or coolant. When the coolant is water or an aqueous solution, the booster 37 is a circulating pump. The heated coolant is cooled by a known cooling tower and then returned to the condenser 23 and the absorber 21. When the cooling of the condenser 23 and the absorber 21 is done with air, the booster 37 is a fan.

[0069] The coolant from the cooling unit 36 ​​is pressurized by the booster 37 and then enters the evaporator 24 to absorb the cooling energy released by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 24. The coolant, which has absorbed the cooling energy and whose temperature has dropped, returns to the cooling unit 36 ​​to provide cooling, thus forming a coolant circulation loop where the coolant is charged and then supplied to the cooling unit 36.

[0070] The cooling medium is air, water, or an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol, etc.; when the cooling medium is a gas, the booster 37 is a fan; when the cooling medium is a liquid, the booster 37 is a liquid circulation pump.

[0071] A phase change cold storage unit 27 is provided.

[0072] The cooling medium from the cooling unit 36 ​​is pressurized by the booster 37 and sent to the evaporator 24 to absorb the cold released by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 24. The cooling medium, which has absorbed the cold and whose temperature has dropped, then passes through the cooling medium channel 29 of the phase change cold storage 27 to release a portion of the cold to the phase change refrigerant 28 in the phase change cold storage 27. The phase change refrigerant 28 changes from liquid to solid and performs phase change cold storage. The other portion of the cold absorbed by the cooling medium from the evaporator 24 is sent to the cooling unit 36 ​​for cooling, thus forming a cooling medium circulation loop of charging the cooling medium, supplying cooling to the phase change cold storage 27, and then supplying cooling to the cooling unit 36.

[0073] The phase change regenerator 27 consists of a cavity space for encapsulating the phase change working fluid 28 and a cavity space for the cooling medium channel 29. It adopts a partitioned heat transfer and cooling method. The cavity of the phase change working fluid 28 in the phase change regenerator 27 is filled with sufficient expansion space 30 for the phase change working fluid to ensure that when the phase change working fluid completely transforms from liquid to solid, there will be no overpressure rupture caused by the inability to fully release the expansion amount. The cavity of the cooling medium channel 29 is connected to the inlet and outlet pipes.

[0074] The cooling unit 36 ​​is a household refrigerator or air conditioner.

[0075] The phase change regenerator 27 can determine the amount of phase change working fluid 28 based on more than half of the maximum cooling load over a certain period of time, ensuring the achievement of the set target.

[0076] The phase change accumulator 27 is made of a material resistant to the corrosion of the phase change working fluid, such as corrosion-resistant stainless steel.

[0077] Since the phase change accumulator 27 adopts a process in which the phase change working fluid is enclosed in the phase change accumulator, the phase change working fluid and the cooling medium working fluid do not come into contact. Therefore, the water in the phase change working fluid will not evaporate into the cooling medium, thus effectively avoiding frost formation on the cooling medium at the evaporator 24, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the defrosting circuit.

[0078] The control and usage methods of the phase change cold storage device 27 are as follows:

[0079] When the cooling load of the cooling unit 36 ​​increases sharply in a short period of time and the cooling capacity supplied by the evaporator 24 in the refrigerant circulation loop is insufficient, the cooling capacity stored in the phase change cold storage unit 27 can be released to supply the cooling unit 36, thereby alleviating the rapid increase in the cooling load demand of the cooling unit 36 ​​in a short period of time. There is no need to configure additional cooling equipment to meet the needs of the cooling unit 36, reducing the cost of adding refrigeration system and the corresponding power capacity expansion cost and power supply and distribution facility cost.

[0080] When the cooling load of the cooling unit 36 ​​changes frequently, the phase change cold storage 27 can absorb or release the cold energy to ensure that the absorption chiller is basically in full-load operation, thereby improving the stability of the device operation and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0081] When the cooling unit 36 ​​is in a low-load operation state, the absorption chiller is used to operate at almost full load. Part of the cold energy is stored in the phase change cold storage 27, and the other part of the cold energy is supplied to the user unit 36. When the phase change working fluid 28 in the phase change cold storage 27 is full of cold energy, the absorption chiller is stopped, and the cold energy stored in the phase change cold storage 27 is used to supply the cooling in a cooling carrier circulation mode, so as to avoid frequent start-up and shutdown of the absorption chiller and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0082] When power supply departments are forced to take staggered power consumption measures during peak electricity consumption periods, the phase change cold storage device 27 can store cold during the "off-peak" period of electricity load at night and use the stored cold capacity of the phase change cold storage device 27 to supply cooling during a certain period of the "peak" period of electricity load during the day. This avoids peak electricity consumption, reduces the pressure on the power grid caused by peak electricity consumption, balances the peak and valley loads of the power grid, and optimizes the allocation of power resources.

[0083] The solution pump 19 is an electrically driven solution circulation pump or a natural circulation bubble pump. The bubble pump essentially uses the high position difference between the generator 20 and the absorber 21 and the buoyancy of the bubbles in the riser pipe to drive the solution from the absorber 21 to the generator 20.

[0084] The cavity space of the phase change working medium 28 in the phase change cold storage 27 and the cavity space of the cold carrier channel 29 in the phase change cold storage 27 are provided with enhanced heat transfer measures.

[0085] A heater 33 is provided: the heat transfer oil from the oil storage tank 6 is sent to the heater 33 via the No. 1 oil pump 7 or the No. 2 oil pump 7-1 to heat the cold air 34 and form the heating hot air 35 for heating or drying clothes. The heat transfer oil from the heater 33 returns to the oil storage tank 6, thus forming a heating circulation loop of heat transfer oil stored in the oil storage tank 6.

[0086] The fuel 3 mentioned is a solid fuel, such as coal or biomass straw fuel.

[0087] The cooking appliance 16 can be a wok, steamer, aluminum kettle, etc., which are in direct contact with the flame space 9 of the burner 4. Air 1 is sent into the burner 4 by the blower 2 and mixed with fuel 3 for combustion. The flame generated by combustion heats the cooking appliance 16 in the flame space 9. After the temperature is reduced by the flue 10 and heat exchanger 5, it is discharged as low-temperature flue gas.

[0088] It is equipped with a bypass flue 11 and a vent valve plate 12. When the power is off, the vent valve plate 12 on the bypass flue 11 or the furnace cover 17 on the burner 4 fire port is opened to release high-temperature flue gas and prevent the heat transfer oil in the heat exchanger 5 from overheating.

[0089] A slide gate type isolation valve is provided: A slide gate type isolation valve is provided between the flue 10 and the heat exchanger 5. When it is necessary to seal or shut down the burner, the slide gate type isolation valve is inserted to block the flow of high-temperature flue gas to the heat exchanger 5 and prevent the heat transfer oil in the heat exchanger 5 from overheating.

[0090] A settling tank 13 is provided: high-temperature flue gas from flue 10 is sent into the settling tank, which has a baffle 14 in the middle. The high-temperature flue gas expands through the large settling space 15 of the settling tank, reducing the flue gas velocity and making it easier for dust in the flue gas to settle down and fall into the lower part of the settling tank. The expanded flue gas rises from the bottom of the baffle 14 and is then sent into the heat exchanger 5 from the flue outlet. The dust accumulated in the lower part of the settling tank is cleaned regularly.

[0091] Preferably, the stove cover 17 is made of heat-resistant insulating material. When the cookware 17 is not in use and the oil storage tank 6 needs to be reheated, the cover can be used to seal the fire opening and reduce heat loss from the flue gas.

[0092] The system is equipped with a No. 1 filter 8 and a No. 2 filter 8-1 to filter solid impurity particles in the heat transfer oil at the inlet of the No. 1 oil pump 7 and the No. 2 oil pump 7-1.

[0093] In real life: a gas stove with a large flame in a household usually only needs 4KW to 7KW of heat power when stir-frying. A rice cooker with 1KW power can cook rice for 6 to 10 people. If you also consider using heat storage and heat transfer oil as a heat source for air heaters or to drive air conditioners, the instantaneous maximum heat power of all heat-using equipment is not high.

[0094] The oil storage tank 6 in the miniature thermal oil furnace plays the role of oil-gas separation, buffering, storage and heat storage. Therefore, it is necessary to take heat preservation measures. The design temperature range of the outer surface of the insulation is preferably 25 to 30℃.

[0095] Preferably, the oil storage tank 6 adopts a vertical structure, which facilitates the compact arrangement of the stove system.

[0096] The necessary exhaust valves are installed in this device.

[0097] The miniature thermal oil furnace of this device adopts a special thermal oil encapsulation process: after the oil circuit of the assembled miniature thermal oil furnace is purged, tested for air tightness, and tested for hydraulic pressure, the thermal oil in the assembled miniature thermal oil furnace is dehydrated and degassed in the manufacturing unit. After passing the test, the air remaining in the miniature thermal oil furnace is replaced with nitrogen and then sealed and insulated; or the assembled miniature thermal oil furnace system is first replaced with nitrogen, and then the dehydrated and degassed thermal oil is injected, sealed, and insulated.

[0098] The rated thermal power of the miniature thermal oil furnace in this device is ≤99.9KW, which is lower than the current national safety technical specifications (TSG11-2020 Boiler Safety Technical Specifications) and therefore does not fall under the category of pressure-bearing special equipment. Under the premise of ensuring safety, the material selection for the pressure-bearing components of the miniature thermal oil furnace in this household energy-efficient utilization system shall comply with the TSG11-2020 Boiler Safety Technical Specifications, and other parts shall be implemented accordingly.

[0099] Pipelines, instruments, valves, and automatic controls not described in this invention are supported by known technologies.

[0100] All parts not covered in this invention are the same as or can be implemented using existing technologies, meaning that existing mature and reliable reasonable improvement measures can be introduced into this system.

[0101] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, these are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A rural air conditioning device, characterized in that: the device comprises a micro heat conducting oil stove and an absorption refrigerator, the rated thermal power of the micro heat conducting oil stove is less than or equal to 99.9 KW, air is sent into the burner (4) through the air blower (2), mixed with the fuel (3) and combusted, the flue gas generated by the combustion is discharged after the temperature is reduced through the heat exchanger (5), the heat conducting oil from the oil tank (6) is pressurized by the first oil pump (7), sent into the oil tank (6) through the heat exchanger (5), and returned to the first oil pump (7) from the oil tank (6), thereby forming a heat conducting oil heat recovery and heat storage circulation loop of the heat of the fuel flue gas of the stove, the absorption refrigerator comprises a generator (20), a condenser (23), an evaporator (24), an absorber (21) and a solution pump (19), the high temperature heat conducting oil from the oil tank (6) is pressurized by the first oil pump (7) or the second oil pump (7-1) and then sent into the generator (20) to heat the concentrated solution of the refrigerant pair, and then returned to the oil tank (6), thereby forming a heat utilization circulation loop of the heat storage heat conducting oil in the oil tank (6), the concentrated solution of the refrigerant pair formed by the absorber (21) is sent into the generator (20) through the solution pump (19), the high temperature heat conducting oil heats the concentrated solution of the refrigerant pair in the generator (20) to generate the refrigerant vapor (22), the refrigerant vapor is sent into the evaporator (24) through the condenser (23), absorbs the heat of the cold carrier sent by the cold using unit (36), evaporates to generate gaseous refrigerant, and the gaseous refrigerant returns to the absorber (21) to contact the dilute solution of the refrigerant pair in the generator (20) to form the concentrated solution of the refrigerant pair, thereby forming a refrigerant circulation process of the absorption refrigerator, the condenser (23) and the absorber (21) are cooled by air or cooling liquid, the cold carrier from the cold using unit (36) is pressurized by the pressure booster (37) and then enters the evaporator (24) to absorb the cold released by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator (24), the cold carrier absorbing the cold and reducing the temperature returns to the cold using unit (36) to supply cold, thereby forming a cold carrier circulation loop of charging cold, supplying cold to the cold using unit (36) and supplying cold again.

2. The rural air conditioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a phase change cold accumulator (27) is arranged, the cold carrier from the cold using unit (36) is pressurized by the pressure booster (37) and then sent into the evaporator (24) to absorb the cold released by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator (24), the cold carrier absorbing the cold and reducing the temperature passes through the cold carrier channel (29) of the phase change cold accumulator (27) to release part of the cold to the phase change working medium (28) in the phase change cold accumulator (27), the phase change working medium (28) is phase changed to be solid from liquid to store cold, and the other part of the cold absorbed by the cold carrier from the evaporator (24) is sent into the cold using unit (36) to supply cold, thereby forming a cold carrier circulation loop of charging cold, supplying cold to the phase change cold accumulator (27) to store cold and supplying cold again to the cold using unit (36).

3. The rural air conditioning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ The control and use method of the phase change cold accumulator (27) is as follows: When the cold load of the cold unit (36) increases greatly in a short time and the cold amount supplied by the evaporator (24) in the refrigerant circulation loop is insufficient, the cold amount stored in the phase change cold accumulator (27) can be released to supply the cold unit (36), so as to relieve the demand of the cold unit (36) for the rapid growth of the cold load in a short time, without additionally configuring a cold supply device to meet the demand of the cold unit (36), thereby reducing the increase cost of the refrigeration system and the corresponding power increase cost and power supply and distribution facility cost; When the cold load of the cold unit (36) varies frequently, the phase change cold accumulator (27) can absorb or release the cold amount, so as to ensure that the absorption type refrigeration device is basically in a full load operation state, improve the stability of the device operation, and prolong the service life of the device; When the cold unit (36) is in a low load operation state, the absorption type refrigeration device is basically in a full load operation mode, a part of the cold amount is stored in the phase change cold accumulator (27), and another part of the cold amount is supplied to the user unit (36). When the phase change working medium (28) in the phase change cold accumulator (27) is full of cold amount, the absorption type refrigeration device is stopped, and the cold amount stored in the phase change cold accumulator (27) is used to supply the cold carrier circulation mode, so as to avoid the frequent start and stop of the absorption type refrigeration device and prolong the service life of the device. When the power supply department is forced to adopt the staggered power utilization measures during the power peak period, the phase change cold accumulator (27) can be used for cold storage during the "valley period" of the night power load, and the cold amount stored in the phase change cold accumulator (27) can be used for cold supply during a certain period of the "peak period" of the daytime power load, so as to avoid the power peak period, reduce the pressure on the power grid brought by the power peak period, balance the peak and valley loads of the power grid, and optimize the power resource allocation.

4. The air conditioning device for rural areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The solution pump (19) is a solution circulating pump driven by electricity or a bubble pump in natural circulation.

5. The air conditioning device for rural areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air conditioning device for rural areas is provided with a warm air blower (33). The heat transfer oil from the oil storage tank (6) is sent to the warm air blower (33) through the first oil pump (7) or the second oil pump (7-1), the cold air (34) sent by the warm air blower (33) is heated to form the heating hot air (35), and the heat transfer oil from the warm air blower (33) returns to the oil storage tank (6), thereby forming a heating circulation loop of the heat storage heat transfer oil in the oil storage tank (6).

6. The air conditioning device for rural areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cooking utensil (16) is provided: Air is sent to the combustor (4) through the air blower (2), mixed with the fuel (3) and combusted, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion heats the cooking utensil (16), and the temperature of the flue gas is reduced through the heat exchanger (5) to become low-temperature flue gas and be discharged.

7. The air conditioning device for rural areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A settling tank (13) is provided: The high-temperature flue gas in the flue (10) is sent to the settling tank, a partition (14) is arranged in the middle of the settling tank, the high-temperature flue gas enters the settling space (15) of the settling tank, is turned over from the lower part of the partition (14) and rises, and is then sent to the heat exchanger (5) from the flue.

8. The air conditioner for rural use according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bypass flue (11) and a vent valve plate (12) are provided, and when power is cut off, the vent valve plate (12) on the bypass flue (11) is opened to discharge high-temperature flue gas.

9. The air conditioner for rural use according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plug-type cutoff valve is provided between the flue (10) and the heat exchanger (5), and when the furnace needs to be shut down or stopped, the plug-type cutoff valve is inserted to block the flow of high-temperature flue gas to the heat exchanger (5).

10. The air conditioner for rural use according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The micro heat-conducting oil furnace adopts a heat-conducting oil packaging process: After the assembled micro heat-conducting oil furnace and its oil pipeline, valves, and auxiliary facilities pass the blowing, air tightness test, and liquid pressure test, the heat-conducting oil in the assembled micro heat-conducting oil furnace is dehydrated and degassed in the manufacturing unit, and after passing the test, the remaining air in the micro heat-conducting oil furnace is replaced by nitrogen, and the micro heat-conducting oil furnace is packaged and insulated; or the nitrogen replacement of the assembled micro heat-conducting oil furnace system is performed first, then the dehydrated and degassed heat-conducting oil is injected, and the micro heat-conducting oil furnace is packaged and insulated.

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