Mobile crushing and packaging treatment device for dry wastes with medium and low radioactivity and treatment method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a movable medium-low radioactivity dry waste crushing and packaging treatment device which comprises an anti-radiation box body, crushing equipment is arranged at the upper end of one side in the anti-radiation box body, and the output end of the crushing equipment communicates with a first three-way distributor; a crushing device is arranged in the anti-radiation box body, a compacting device is arranged in the anti-radiation box body and located below the crushing device, a Z-shaped elevator is arranged in the anti-radiation box body and located on one side of the crushing device, the output end of the Z-shaped elevator is communicated with a second three-way distributor, a metering, mixing and packaging device is arranged on one side of the Z-shaped elevator, and a second three-way distributor is arranged on the other side of the Z-shaped elevator. According to the device, pretreatment of medium-low-radioactivity dry waste in different workshops of a nuclear power plant is achieved, pretreatment of medium-low-radioactivity waste generated in daily operation of the nuclear power plant is achieved, a combustible waste pretreatment waste bag is formed, the combustible waste pretreatment waste bag can meet the feeding requirements of a plasma melting furnace, a combustible waste incinerator and the like, and the whole device has good sealing performance; and leakage of nuclear waste can be avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of nuclear waste treatment, in particular to a mobile medium and low radioactive dry waste crushing and packaging treatment device and a treatment method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In order to meet the increasing energy demand of society and reduce the impact of power generation on the environment, actively promoting nuclear power construction is an important energy policy in China at present. However, radioactive waste is inevitably generated during nuclear power generation, and its safe treatment and minimization are of great concern to the world.

[0003] At present, the solid waste generated by the operation of nuclear power plants mainly includes waste resin, waste filter core, concentrated liquid, miscellaneous dry waste and waste oil / waste solvent, etc., which are mainly treated by sorting and compaction, cement solidification and temporary storage decay. However, this process has the inherent disadvantage of high waste volume increase ratio, which is not conducive to the minimization of radioactive waste.

[0004] Plasma melting furnace, combustible waste incinerator and other new technologies have been developed in recent years, which have small equipment size, fast processing speed, wide types of waste that can be treated, high volume reduction ratio, stable melting products, relatively low investment and operation cost, and are one of the most promising technologies in the field of radioactive waste treatment. However, this technology has high requirements for the pretreatment of solid waste, and has strict requirements on the size, weight and component ratio of the combustion material.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a safe, efficient and low-risk medium and low radioactive dry waste treatment device that can reduce the risk of leakage, which can treat waste into combustible waste pretreatment waste packages that meet the requirements of new technologies. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a mobile medium and low radioactive dry waste crushing and packaging treatment device and a treatment method thereof, to solve the problem that the plasma melting furnace, combustible waste incinerator and other new technologies have high requirements for the pretreatment of solid waste, and have strict requirements on the size, weight and component ratio of the combustion material, and it is urgent to develop a safe, efficient and low-risk medium and low radioactive dry waste treatment device that can reduce the risk of leakage, which can treat waste into combustible waste pretreatment waste packages that meet the requirements of new technologies.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme: A mobile low-level radioactive dry waste crushing and packaging device, comprising a radiation-proof box body, a crushing device is arranged at the upper end of the inner side of the radiation-proof box body, a first three-way distributor is connected to the output end of the crushing device, a compaction device is arranged at the lower side of the crushing device in the radiation-proof box body, one output end of the first three-way distributor is connected to the compaction device, a Z-type elevator is arranged at one side of the crushing device in the radiation-proof box body, the other output end of the first three-way distributor is connected to one input end of the Z-type elevator, the output end of the compaction device is connected to the other input end of the Z-type elevator, a second three-way distributor is connected to the output end of the Z-type elevator, a metering and mixing packaging device is arranged at one side of the Z-type elevator, and the two output ends of the second three-way distributor are respectively connected to the two input ends of the metering and mixing packaging device, and a sealing door is arranged at the corresponding position of the input end of the crushing device and the output end of the metering and mixing packaging device on the side wall of the radiation-proof box body.

[0008] Preferably, the sealing door comprises a door frame, a door plate is slidably connected in the door frame, a sealing ring is arranged between the inner side of the door frame and the door plate, a flange is arranged on the outer side of the door frame, the flange is sealingly connected to the radiation-proof box body through bolts, a cylinder is arranged at the upper end of the door frame, and the action end of the cylinder is connected to the door plate.

[0009] Preferably, a crusher cover is connected to the upper end of the crushing device and the feeding port, the upper end of the crusher cover is sealingly connected to the sealing door through a flange, and a screen is arranged at the output end of the crushing device.

[0010] Preferably, the first three-way distributor and the second three-way distributor both comprise a three-way shell, the three-way shell is an inverted Y-shaped structure with one inlet and two outlets, a guide plate is rotatably connected in the three-way shell through a rotating shaft, a distributing cylinder is arranged in the three-way shell, and a crank connecting rod is connected between the action end of the distributing cylinder and the guide plate.

[0011] Preferably, the compaction device comprises a compaction machine body, a compaction roller is rotatably connected in the compaction machine body through a bearing assembly, a compaction motor is arranged on one side of the outer side of the compaction machine body, the power output end of the compaction motor is connected to the compaction roller through a shaft coupling, a cutting tool is arranged in the compaction machine body and on the outer side of the compaction roller, a compaction feeding port is arranged at the upper end of the compaction machine body, and a compaction discharging port is arranged on the side wall of the compaction machine body.

[0012] Preferably, the Z-type elevator is provided with two feeding ports, and the two feeding ports of the Z-type elevator are respectively connected with one discharge port of the first three-way distributor and a discharge port of the compaction device.

[0013] Preferably, the two feeding ports of the metering mixing and packaging device are respectively provided with two temporary hoppers, and two weighing devices are correspondingly arranged below the two temporary hoppers.

[0014] A mobile type processing method for crushing and packaging low and intermediate level dry waste, comprising the following contents: Manual classification: classifying the low and intermediate level waste of nuclear power plants, and the specific classification includes soft waste (cotton, paper, PE) and hard waste (PVC, rubber), and the working state of the first three-way distributor and the second three-way distributor is adjusted according to the classification of low and intermediate level waste. The soft waste includes the following processing steps: 1. The soft waste is fed through the sealing door; 2. The soft waste after feeding is crushed in the interior of the crushing device; 3. The crushed soft waste is input into the interior of the compaction device through the first three-way distributor for compaction; 4. The compacted soft waste is lifted by the Z-type elevator and input into one side of the metering mixing and packaging device through the second three-way distributor; 5. The soft waste after processing is output externally through the belt conveyor; The hard waste includes the following processing steps: 1. The hard waste is fed through the sealing door; 2. The hard waste after feeding is crushed in the interior of the crushing device; 3. The crushed hard waste is input into the interior of the Z-type elevator through the first three-way distributor for lifting; 4. The hard waste is lifted by the Z-type elevator and input into the other side of the metering mixing and packaging device through the second three-way distributor; 5. The hard waste after processing is output externally through the belt conveyor.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages that the device is mainly a low and medium radioactive dry waste crushing and packaging treatment device, and under the traction and movement of a tractor and a trailer, the device can realize the pretreatment of low and medium radioactive dry waste in different plants of a nuclear power plant, the pretreatment of low and medium radioactive waste generated in daily operation of the nuclear power plant, and the formation of combustible waste pretreatment waste packages, so that the low and medium radioactive waste can meet the feeding requirements of a plasma melting furnace, a combustible waste incinerator and the like, and the whole device has good sealing performance and can avoid leakage of the nuclear waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a main structure front view schematic diagram of the application; Figure 2 It is a main structure left view schematic diagram of the application; Figure 3 It is a main structure top view schematic diagram of the application; Figure 4 It is a sealing door structure schematic diagram of the application; Figure 5 It is a crushing equipment structure schematic diagram of the application; Figure 6 It is a structure schematic diagram of a No. 1 three-way distributor and a No. 2 three-way distributor of the application; Figure 7 It is a compaction equipment structure schematic diagram of the application.

[0017] In the figure: 1-tractor, 2-traction structure, 3-radiation-proof box body, 4-sealing door, 401-door frame, 402-door plate, 403-flange, 404-sealing ring, 405-cylinder, 5-crushing equipment, 6-compaction equipment, 601-compaction machine body, 602-bearing assembly, 603-compaction roller, 604-compaction motor, 605-cutting tool, 606-compaction feeding port, 607-compaction discharging port, 7-Z-type elevator, 8-No. 1 three-way distributor, 801-three-way shell, 802-guide plate, 803-distributing cylinder, 804-crank connecting rod, 9-No. 2 three-way distributor, 10-metering, mixing, packaging equipment, 11-crushing machine cover, 12-screen, 13-temporary storage hopper, 14-weighing device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0019] Please refer to Figures 1-7The application provides a mobile low-level radioactive dry waste crushing and packing device, which comprises a radiation-proof box body 3, a crushing device 5 arranged on the upper end of the inner side of the radiation-proof box body 3, a first three-way distributor 8 connected with the output end of the crushing device 5, a compaction device 6 arranged below the crushing device 5 in the radiation-proof box body 3, one output end of the first three-way distributor 8 connected with the compaction device 6, a Z-type elevator 7 arranged on one side of the crushing device 5 in the radiation-proof box body 3, another output end of the first three-way distributor 8 connected with one input end of the Z-type elevator 7, the output end of the compaction device 6 connected with another input end of the Z-type elevator 7, a second three-way distributor 9 connected with the output end of the Z-type elevator 7, a metering, mixing and packing device 10 arranged on one side of the Z-type elevator 7, and two output ends of the second three-way distributor 9 connected with two input ends of the metering, mixing and packing device 10 respectively, and the radiation-proof box body 3 is provided with a sealing door 4 corresponding to the input end of the crushing device 5 and the output end of the metering, mixing and packing device 10 on the side walls.

[0020] In use, the whole pulverizing and packing treatment device is connected with the tractor 1 through the traction structure 2, the tractor 1 serves as a power supply source, provides electric energy for the whole pulverizing and packing treatment device through the traction structure 2, provides power for the movement of the whole pulverizing and packing treatment device through the tractor 1, the radiation protection box 3 is arranged to provide radiation protection for the various structures inside, the whole device has good sealing property, and can avoid the leakage of nuclear waste; the sealing door 4 is arranged on the radiation protection box 3 and has two places, which are respectively a nuclear waste waste feeding port and a combustible waste pretreatment waste bag discharging port of the broken and packed combustible waste, the feeding port is connected with the crushing equipment 5, and is used for preventing a large amount of radioactive dust from escaping out when the waste bag is broken in the crushing equipment 5; the first three-way distributor 8 is used for changing the conveying path of the material, the soft waste such as cotton, paper and PE is conveyed to the compacting equipment 6 from the crushing equipment 5 through the first three-way distributor 8, and the hard waste such as PVC and rubber is conveyed to the subsequent Z-type elevator 7 from the crushing equipment 5 through the first three-way distributor 8; the compacting equipment 6 is used for sending the broken soft waste conveyed through the first three-way distributor 8 to the subsequent Z-type elevator 7 connected therewith after compaction; the Z-type elevator 7 has two feeding ports, one of which is connected with the outlet of the first three-way distributor 8, and the other of which is connected with the outlet of the compacting equipment 6, and the received waste is conveyed to the subsequent second three-way distributor 9 connected therewith; the second three-way distributor 9 is used for changing the conveying path of the material, the compacted soft waste such as cotton, paper and PE is conveyed to one side of the metering and mixing and packing equipment 10 from the Z-type elevator 7 through the second three-way distributor 9, and the hard waste such as PVC and rubber is conveyed to the other side of the metering and mixing and packing equipment 10 from the Z-type elevator 7 through the second three-way distributor 9; the metering and mixing and packing equipment 10 is used for metering, mixing and packing the two kinds of waste such as the compacted soft waste such as cotton, paper and PE and the hard waste such as PVC and rubber conveyed from the front end, the packing weight is set as 1 kg, 95 % of the compacted soft waste such as cotton, paper and PE and 5 % of the hard waste such as PVC and rubber are contained, the packing weight and the proportion can be changed according to the feeding requirements of the plasma melting furnace and the combustible waste incinerator, and the combustible waste pretreatment waste bag formed by packing is collected.

[0021] The sealing door 4 comprises a door frame 401, the inside of the door frame 401 is slidingly connected with a door plate 402, a sealing ring 404 is arranged between the inside of the door frame 401 and the door plate 402, a flange 403 is arranged on the outside of the door frame 401, the flange 403 is sealingly connected with the radiation-proof box 3 through bolts, a cylinder 405 is arranged at the middle position of the upper end of the door frame 401, the action end of the cylinder 405 is connected with the door plate 402, the door frame 401 is made of 304 material and is the main structure of the sealing door 4, the door plate 402 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material to reduce the weight, the door frame 401 is sealingly connected with the radiation-proof frame 3 through the flange 403, the door plate 402 is driven by the cylinder 405 to move in the inside of the door frame 401, so that the sealing door 4 is controlled to be opened and closed, the sealing ring 404 is arranged between the door frame 401 and the door plate 402 to ensure the sealing between the door frame 401 and the door plate 402.

[0022] The upper end of the crushing device 5 is connected with a crusher cover 11 in communication with the feeding port thereof, the upper end of the crusher cover 11 is sealingly connected with the sealing door 4 through a flange to ensure the sealing property, the output end of the crushing device 5 is provided with a screen 12, the screen 12 is densely provided with holes with a diameter of 50 mm, which is used to ensure that the size of the crushed waste is not greater than 5*5 cm.

[0023] The first three-way distributor 8 and the second three-way distributor 9 both comprise a three-way shell 801, the three-way shell 801 is an inverted Y-shaped structure with one inlet and two outlets, a guide plate 802 is rotatably connected in the inside of the three-way shell 801 through a rotating shaft, a distributing cylinder 803 is arranged in the inside of the three-way shell 801, a crank connecting rod 804 is connected between the action end of the distributing cylinder 803 and the guide plate 802, the distributing cylinder 803 drives the crank connecting rod 804 to act, so that the guide plate 802 is adjusted in the inside of the three-way shell 801, thereby realizing the reverse transportation of the waste.

[0024] The compaction device 6 comprises a compaction body 601, the inside of the compaction body 601 is rotationally connected with a compaction roller 603 through a bearing assembly 602, one side of the outside of the compaction body 601 is provided with a compaction motor 604, the power output end of the compaction motor 604 is connected with the compaction roller 603 through a shaft coupling, the inside of the compaction body 601 and outside of the compaction roller 603 are provided with a cutting tool 605, the upper end of the compaction body 601 is provided with a compaction feeding port 606, the side wall of the compaction body 601 is provided with a compaction discharging port 607, the compaction body 601 is connected with a No. 1 three-way distributor 8 through the compaction feeding port 606, and is connected with the discharging port of a Z-type elevator 7 through the compaction discharging port 607; the compaction motor 604 drives the compaction roller 603 to compact the waste through the bearing assembly 602, and the cutting tool 605 is used to cut the long strip compacted out, so that the size of the packaged material of a metering and mixing packaging device 10 can meet the requirements.

[0025] The Z-type elevator 7 is provided with two feeding ports, the two feeding ports of the Z-type elevator 7 are respectively connected with one discharging port of the No. 1 three-way distributor 8 and the discharging port of the compaction device 6, and the waste is lifted into the inside of the metering and mixing packaging device 10 through the Z-type elevator 7.

[0026] Two feeding ports of the metering and mixing packaging device 10 are respectively provided with two temporary storage hoppers 13, two temporary storage hoppers 13 are correspondingly provided below with two weighing devices 14, the waste conveyed is classified and temporarily stored soft waste and hard waste through a No. 2 three-way distributor 9, each temporary storage hopper 13 can store 100L of waste at most, and adopts a closed design to avoid material scattering, and the two temporary storage hoppers 13 are provided below with the weighing devices 14 to weigh and mix the soft waste and the hard waste.

[0027] The preferred mobile type low and medium radioactive dry waste crushing and packaging treatment method comprises the following contents: Manual classification: the low and medium radioactive waste of the nuclear power plant is classified, and the specific classification comprises: soft waste cotton, paper, PE and hard waste PVC, rubber, and the treatment device adjusts the working state of the No. 1 three-way distributor 8 and the No. 2 three-way distributor 9 according to the low and medium radioactive waste classification, The soft waste comprises the following treatment steps: 1. The soft waste is fed through the sealing door 4; 2. The soft waste after feeding is crushed in the inside of the crushing device 5; 3. The soft waste after crushing is input into the inside of the compaction device 6 through the No. 1 three-way distributor 8 to be compacted; 4. The compacted soft waste is lifted by the Z-type elevator 7 and input to one side of the metering mixing and packing device 10 through the second three-way distributor 9; 5. The processed soft waste is output externally by the belt conveyor; The first three-way distributor 8 is switched to the compacting machine channel, the second three-way distributor 9 is switched to the metering mixing and packing machine 10 one side temporary storage hopper 13, and when working, the inlet sealing door 4 door plate 402 is first opened by the air cylinder 405, the waste package is thrown into the crushing device 5, the outlet sealing door 4 door plate 402 is closed by the air cylinder 405, the crushing device 5 is started to crush, the Z-type elevator 7 and the compacting device 6 are started to run synchronously, the crushed material is input to the compacting device 6 through the first three-way distributor 8, the compacted waste is lifted by the Z-type elevator 7 and the second three-way distributor 9 and input to the metering mixing and packing device 10 one side temporary storage hopper 13, and the front end equipment of the metering mixing and packing machine 10 is stopped to run after processing. The hard waste includes the following processing steps: 1. The hard waste is input through the sealing door 4; 2. The input hard waste is crushed in the crushing device 5; 3. The crushed hard waste is input to the inside of the Z-type elevator 7 through the first three-way distributor 8; 4. The hard waste is lifted by the Z-type elevator 7 and input to the other side of the metering mixing and packing device 10 through the second three-way distributor 9; 5. The processed hard waste is output externally by the belt conveyor.

[0028] The first three-way distributor 8 is switched to the Z-type elevator 7 channel, the second three-way distributor 9 is switched to the metering mixing and packing device 10 other side temporary storage hopper 13, then the inlet sealing door 4 door plate 402 is opened by the air cylinder 405, the waste package is thrown into the crusher 5, the outlet sealing door 4 door plate 402 is closed by the air cylinder 405, the crushing device 5 is started to crush, and the Z-type elevator 7 is started to run, the crushed material is input to the Z-type elevator 7 through the first three-way distributor 8, then enters the metering mixing and packing device 10 other side temporary storage hopper 13 through the second three-way distributor 9, and the front end equipment of the metering mixing and packing device 10 is stopped to run after processing.

[0029] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mobile device for shredding and packaging dry low and intermediate level waste, characterized in that: The application relates to a radiation-proof box (3), which is internally provided with a crushing device (5) at the upper end of one side, a three-way distributor (8) is connected to the output end of the crushing device (5), a compacting device (6) is arranged internally below the crushing device (5), one output end of the three-way distributor (8) is connected to the compacting device (6), a Z-type lifting machine (7) is arranged internally at one side of the crushing device (5), the other output end of the three-way distributor (8) is connected to one input end of the Z-type lifting machine (7), the output end of the compacting device (6) is connected to the other input end of the Z-type lifting machine (7), the output end of the Z-type lifting machine (7) is connected to a second three-way distributor (9), a metering, mixing and packaging device (10) is arranged at one side of the Z-type lifting machine (7), two output ends of the second three-way distributor (9) are respectively connected to two input ends of the metering, mixing and packaging device (10), and sealing doors (4) are arranged on the side walls of the radiation-proof box (3) at positions corresponding to the input end of the crushing device (5) and the output end of the metering, mixing and packaging device (10).

2. A mobile device for shredding and packaging dry low and intermediate level waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing door (4) comprises a door frame (401), a door plate (402) is slidably connected to the inside of the door frame (401), a sealing ring (404) is arranged between the inside of the door frame (401) and the door plate (402), a flange (403) is arranged on the outside of the door frame (401), the flange (403) is sealingly connected to the radiation-proof box (3) through bolts, a pneumatic cylinder (405) is arranged at the upper end of the door frame (401), and the action end of the pneumatic cylinder (405) is connected to the door plate (402).

3. A mobile device for shredding and packaging dry low-level waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A crusher cover (11) is connected to the upper end of the crushing device (5) and the feeding port of the crushing device (5), the upper end of the crusher cover (11) is sealingly connected to the sealing door (4) through a flange, and a screen (12) is arranged at the output end of the crushing device (5).

4. The mobile device for crushing and packing dry low-level radioactive waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-way distributor (8) and the second three-way distributor (9) both comprise a three-way shell (801), the three-way shell (801) is an inverted Y-shaped structure with one inlet and two outlets, a guide plate (802) is rotatably connected to the inside of the three-way shell (801) through a rotating shaft, a distributing pneumatic cylinder (803) is arranged in the three-way shell (801), and a crank connecting rod (804) is connected between the action end of the distributing pneumatic cylinder (803) and the guide plate (802).

5. The mobile device for crushing and packing dry low-level radioactive waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compaction equipment (6) comprises a compaction body (601), a compaction roller (603) is rotatably connected to the inside of the compaction body (601) through a bearing assembly (602), a compaction motor (604) is arranged on one side of the outside of the compaction body (601), the power output end of the compaction motor (604) is connected with the compaction roller (603) through a shaft coupling, a cutting tool (605) is arranged on the inside of the compaction body (601) and outside the compaction roller (603), a compaction feeding port (606) is arranged on the upper end of the compaction body (601), and a compaction discharging port (607) is arranged on the side wall of the compaction body (601).

6. The mobile device for crushing and packing dry low-level radioactive waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Z-shaped elevator (7) is provided with two feeding ports, and the two feeding ports of the Z-shaped elevator (7) are respectively connected with one discharging port of the first three-way distributor (8) and the discharging port of the compaction equipment (6).

7. The mobile device for crushing and packing dry low-level radioactive waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two feeding ports of the metering mixing and packaging equipment (10) are respectively provided with two temporary hoppers (13), and two weighing devices (14) are correspondingly arranged below the two temporary hoppers (13).

8. A mobile low and intermediate level dry waste crushing and packing treatment method, characterized in that a mobile low and intermediate level dry waste crushing and packing treatment device according to claim 1 is used. The following contents are included: Manual classification: classify the low-level radioactive waste in the daily operation of the nuclear power plant, and the specific classification includes: soft waste (cotton, paper, PE) and hard waste (PVC, rubber), and the treatment device adjusts the working state of the first three-way distributor (8) and the second three-way distributor (9) according to the classification of the low-level radioactive waste; The soft waste includes the following treatment steps:

1. The soft waste is fed through the sealing door (4); 2. The soft waste after feeding is crushed in the inside of the crushing equipment (5); 3. The crushed soft waste is input into the inside of the compaction equipment (6) through the first three-way distributor (8) for compaction; 4. The compacted soft waste is lifted through the Z-shaped elevator (7) and input into one side of the metering mixing and packaging equipment (10) through the second three-way distributor (9); 5. The soft waste after treatment is output externally through the belt conveyor; The hard waste includes the following treatment steps:

1. The hard waste is fed through the sealing door (4); 2. The hard waste after feeding is crushed in the inside of the crushing equipment (5); 3. The crushed hard waste is input into the inside of the Z-shaped elevator (7) through the first three-way distributor (8) for lifting; 4. The hard waste is lifted through the Z-shaped elevator (7) and input into the other side of the metering mixing and packaging equipment (10) through the second three-way distributor (9); 5. The hard waste after treatment is output externally through the belt conveyor.

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