Fatigue strength test device for electric forklift frame
By integrating bending loading, torsional loading, and high-frequency electromagnetic vibration simulation into an electric forklift frame fatigue strength testing device, the problems of functional separation and test result deviation in existing devices have been solved, achieving efficient and accurate fatigue testing under complex working conditions.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511904631.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-06
AI Technical Summary
Existing electric forklift frame fatigue testing devices have separate functions, incomplete working condition simulation, and large deviations between test results and actual conditions. They cannot reproduce the high-frequency electromagnetic vibration and mechanical load coupling effect during motor operation, resulting in insufficient test coverage.
A test device integrating bending loading, torsional loading and high-frequency electromagnetic vibration simulation functions was designed. It achieves composite working condition testing through the same base. The electromagnetic vibration module and the elastic telescopic column are designed in a coordinated manner to simulate the coupling of high-frequency electromagnetic vibration and mechanical load generated by motor operation.
The test cycle was shortened, the repeatability error was reduced, the test results were closer to the actual use scenario, and more reliable frame fatigue strength assessment data were provided.
Smart Images
Figure CN121475733A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of frame fatigue strength test equipment, in particular to a kind of electric fork truck frame fatigue strength test device. BACKGROUND
[0002] The information disclosed in the background of the present application is only intended to increase the understanding of the overall background of the present application, and is not necessarily regarded as acknowledging or implying in any form that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.
[0003] Electric fork truck is more and more widely used in the field of warehousing and logistics due to its low noise and zero emission advantages, and the frame, as the core component of carrying battery, motor and working load, its fatigue strength directly determines the service life and safety performance of the fork truck. The current mainstream frame fatigue test device lacks specific load simulation structure, which easily causes large deviation between test results and actual working conditions. The existing electric fork truck frame fatigue test device is generally functionally separated, and the bending fatigue detection and torsional fatigue strength detection are mostly realized by independent racks, which need to disassemble and assemble the frame several times to complete different working condition tests, not only prolonging the test period, but also causing errors due to repeated positioning; At the same time, high-frequency electromagnetic vibration will be generated when the motor of electric fork truck runs, and this vibration coupled with mechanical load will aggravate the fatigue damage of frame, but the existing device cannot reproduce this key failure inducement, resulting in insufficient test coverage. Therefore, the existing electric fork truck frame fatigue test device cannot meet the actual needs of electric fork truck frame fatigue test in adaptability and functionality, and a modular integrated test device is urgently needed to solve the above problems. SUMMARY
[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide an electric fork truck frame fatigue strength test device, which aims to solve the problems of functional separation, incomplete working condition simulation and large test error of the existing electric fork truck frame fatigue strength test device.
[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: An electric fork truck frame fatigue strength test device, comprising a base, a vertical support column is provided on the base, a horizontal guide rail beam is provided at the top of the vertical support column, a bending load driving device movable horizontally is installed on the horizontal guide rail beam, for simulating the full load lifting working condition of the fork truck; A front axle support seat and a rear axle support seat are respectively installed on the front and rear sides of the base, and the front axle support seat and the rear axle support seat each comprise a support module; The support module comprises a transversely arranged mounting cylinder seat, a transverse rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the mounting cylinder seat, an opening is arranged in the middle of the top side of the mounting cylinder seat, a transition mounting plate is fixed on the transverse rotating shaft and fitted in the opening, a fixing table for fixing the frame of the electric vehicle is rotatably arranged on the transition mounting plate along the longitudinal direction; A slidable elastic telescopic column is arranged between the fixing table and the top of the mounting cylinder seat, and corresponding electromagnetic vibration modules are respectively arranged on the transition mounting plate and the fixing table, which are used to cooperate with the elastic telescopic column to generate high-frequency vibration, and simulate the electromagnetic vibration generated by the operation of the motor. A corresponding positioning clamp is slidably arranged on the fixing table of the front axle support seat along the longitudinal direction, and a corresponding positioning clamp is fixedly arranged on the fixing table of the rear axle support seat, and the input end of the transverse rotating shaft of the rear axle support seat is further connected with a torsion loading driving device for simulating the torsional deformation of the frame when the frame is jolted.
[0006] Preferably, the electromagnetic vibration module comprises an annular electromagnetic coil fixedly arranged on the transition mounting plate and a permanent magnet array fixedly arranged on the bottom side of the fixing table, and the annular electromagnetic coil is used to generate an alternating magnetic field interacting with the permanent magnet array.
[0007] Preferably, the elastic telescopic column comprises a telescopic rod and a spring, one end of the telescopic rod is fixed on the top of the mounting cylinder seat or the fixing table, and the other end of the telescopic rod is slidably arranged on the fixing table or the top of the mounting cylinder seat.
[0008] Preferably, the telescopic rod is fixedly arranged on the bottom side of the fixing table, a first sliding block is arranged at the bottom end of the telescopic rod, and a first sliding groove adapted to the sliding block is arranged on the top of the mounting cylinder seat.
[0009] Preferably, the positioning clamp comprises a claw frame and a clamp telescopic cylinder arranged on the claw frame. A second sliding block is arranged on the bottom of the claw frame of the front axle support seat, and a second sliding groove adapted to the second sliding block is arranged on the top of the fixing table.
[0010] Preferably, the transverse guide rail beam comprises a lead screw and a guide rod, a third sliding block is arranged on the lead screw and the guide rod, the input end of the lead screw is connected with the output end of the rotating driving device, and the bending loading driving device is fixedly arranged on the bottom side of the third sliding block.
[0011] Preferably, the end of the transverse rotating shaft is provided with a flange plate connected with the output end of the torsion loading driving device, and the torsion loading driving device is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the vertical support column.
[0012] The present application at least has the following advantages: The application integrates bending load, torsion load and high-frequency electromagnetic vibration simulation functions through the same base, breaks the limitation of the separation of bending and torsion tests of the existing device, and completes the composite working condition test without multiple disassembly and assembly of the frame. The front axle support seat and the rear axle support seat are designed in cooperation, so that the bending load simulation is full-load lifting, the torsion deformation simulation is bumping road conditions, and the electromagnetic vibration simulation is motor operation, which can be carried out synchronously or step by step, thereby shortening the test cycle and avoiding the test error caused by repeated positioning.
[0013] In view of the key failure inducement that the high-frequency electromagnetic vibration and mechanical load coupling generated by the motor operation of the electric fork truck aggravate the frame fatigue, the application realizes the precise simulation of the coupling effect through the cooperative design of the electromagnetic vibration module and the elastic telescopic column. The alternating magnetic field driving force generated by the annular electromagnetic coil and the permanent magnet array cooperates with the spring buffer and sliding guide of the elastic telescopic column, so that the high-frequency vibration can be stably output, and the vibration frequency and amplitude are adjustable, which can adapt to the electromagnetic vibration characteristics of different types of motors. Combined with the bending and torsion load modules, the device can fully reproduce the complex stress environment of the fork truck during operation, so that the test result is closer to the actual use scene, and more reliable data support is provided for the frame fatigue strength evaluation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the positive structure of the application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the application; Figure 3 It is Figure 1 It is an enlarged structure schematic diagram of position A in the middle; Figure 4 It is Figure 2 It is an enlarged structure schematic diagram of position B in the middle; Figure 5 It is Figure 2 It is an enlarged structure schematic diagram of position C in the middle.
[0015] The reference signs are as follows: 100, base; 200, vertical support column; 300, horizontal guide rail beam; 310, rotation driving device; 320, lead screw; 330, guide rod; 340, third sliding block; 400, bending load driving device; 500, support module; 510, mounting cylinder seat; 520, horizontal rotation shaft; 521, torsion load driving device; 530, transition mounting plate; 531, rotation seat; 540, vertical rotation shaft; 550, fixed table; 560, positioning clamp; 570, permanent magnet array; 571, annular electromagnetic coil; 580, telescopic rod; 581, spring; 582, first sliding block; 590, claw frame; 591, second sliding groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] The application will be further described below in combination with specific embodiments and drawings.
[0017] Figures 1 to 5 An electric forklift frame fatigue strength testing device is presented, including a base 100, on which a vertical support column 200 is provided. A transverse guide beam 300 is provided at the top of the vertical support column 200. A laterally movable bending loading drive device 400 is installed on the transverse guide beam 300 to simulate the fully loaded lifting condition of the forklift. The position adjustment of the bending loading drive device 400 is specifically achieved through the following structure: the transverse guide beam 300 includes a lead screw 320 and a guide rod 330. A third slider 340 is installed on the lead screw 320 and the guide rod 330. The input end of the lead screw 320 is connected to the output end of a rotation drive device 310, which can be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor. The bending loading drive device 400 is fixedly mounted on the bottom side of the third slider 340. The lead screw 320 and guide rod 330 mechanism of the transverse guide beam 300 drive the bending loading drive device 400 to move laterally, accurately aligning it with the lifting load application point of the frame, and simulating the bending fatigue stress during full-load lifting through vertical cyclic load.
[0018] A set of front axle support seats and a set of rear axle support seats are respectively installed on the front and rear sides of the base 100. Both the front axle support seats and the rear axle support seats include support modules 500. The support module 500 includes a horizontally arranged mounting cylinder seat 510. A horizontal rotating shaft 520 is rotatably installed inside the mounting cylinder seat 510. An opening is provided in the middle of the top side of the mounting cylinder seat 510. A transition mounting plate 530 that fits into the opening is fixed on the horizontal rotating shaft 520. A fixing platform 550 for fixing the electric vehicle frame is rotatably installed on the transition mounting plate 530 along the longitudinal direction with a longitudinal rotating shaft 540. The electric forklift frame is fixed by the corresponding fixing platform 550. A set of slidable elastic telescopic columns is installed between the top of the fixed platform 550 and the mounting cylinder 510, laying the foundation for the fixed platform 550 to create a high-frequency vibration environment. Corresponding electromagnetic vibration modules are installed on the transition mounting plate 530 and the fixed platform 550, which are used to cooperate with the elastic telescopic columns to generate high-frequency vibration, and to simulate the electromagnetic vibration generated by the operation of the motor.
[0019] As can be seen, this testing device integrates bending loading, torsional loading, and vibration functions through a single base 100, avoiding multiple disassembly and assembly of the chassis, shortening the testing cycle, reducing positioning errors, and solving the problem of separate bending and torsional tests in existing devices. On the one hand, the bending loading drive device 400 simulates the bending load of a fully loaded lift, while the torsional loading drive device 521 and the electromagnetic vibration module simulate the torsional deformation under bumpy road conditions. On the other hand, through the collaboration of the electromagnetic vibration module and the elastic telescopic column, it can also reproduce the high-frequency electromagnetic vibration during motor operation, solving the problem of testing errors caused by the lack of testing environments with motor vibration in existing devices. In addition, the modular layout facilitates later maintenance and functional expansion, significantly improving the practicality and ease of operation and maintenance of the device.
[0020] The specific structure of the elastic telescopic column can be as follows: it includes a telescopic rod 580 and a spring 581. One end of the telescopic rod 580 is fixed to the top of the mounting base 510 or the fixed platform 550, and the other end is slidably mounted on the fixed platform 550 or the top of the mounting base 510. In this embodiment, the top of the telescopic rod 580 is fixedly disposed on the bottom side of the fixed platform 550, and a first slider 582 is provided at the bottom end of the telescopic rod 580. The top of the mounting base 510 is provided with a first sliding groove adapted to the slider; the spring 581 is sleeved on the telescopic rod 580.
[0021] The front axle support base has a corresponding positioning fixture 560 slidably mounted on its fixed platform 550 along the longitudinal direction to accommodate the frame deformation displacement during torsion testing. The rear axle support base has a corresponding positioning fixture 560 fixedly mounted on its fixed platform 550, and the input end of the transverse rotation shaft 520 of the rear axle support base is also connected to a torsion loading drive device 521 to simulate torsional deformation of the frame during bumpy rides. The torsion loading drive devices 521 on the two rear axle support bases can be selectively activated according to test requirements to meet the fatigue strength test requirements of simulating more complex working conditions.
[0022] The front and rear axle support seats provide the frame with lateral freedom for torsion via mounting base 510 and lateral pivot 520. A rotating seat 531 is provided on the transition mounting plate 530 to cooperate with the mounting of the longitudinal pivot 540, thereby achieving longitudinal swing freedom of the fixed platform 550. The multi-stage rotation structure ensures that the loading direction is consistent with the actual force direction of the frame. Based on the above, the torsion loading drive device 521 drives the lateral pivot 520 of the rear axle support seat to rotate cyclically. Since the front axle of the frame is relatively fixed and has front and rear degrees of freedom, it can cooperate with the rear side sliding on the front side during torsion. Thus, when the rear axle torsions, it can simulate the torsional deformation and fatigue damage of the frame under bumpy road conditions.
[0023] The end of the horizontal rotating shaft 520 is provided with a flange for connecting to the output end of the torsional loading drive device 521. The torsional loading drive device 521 is preferably a hydraulic motor and is installed and fixed on the side wall of the vertical support column 200.
[0024] The electromagnetic vibration module includes a ring-shaped electromagnetic coil 571 mounted on a transition mounting plate 530 and a permanent magnet array 570 mounted on the bottom side of a fixed platform 550. The ring-shaped electromagnetic coil 571 generates an alternating magnetic field that interacts with the permanent magnet array 570. Specifically, an alternating current is passed through the ring-shaped electromagnetic coil 571 to generate an alternating magnetic field, which produces a periodic electromagnetic force with the permanent magnet array 570 at the bottom of the fixed platform 550. This force, combined with the elastic force of the spring 581 of the elastic telescopic column and the sliding of the slider, causes the fixed platform 550 to drive the vehicle frame to generate high-frequency vibration, replicating the electromagnetic vibration during motor operation, thereby achieving a coupled simulation of electromagnetic vibration and mechanical load.
[0025] The positioning clamp 560 is used to clamp and fix the electric vehicle frame. Existing technology can be used. In this embodiment, the positioning clamp 560 includes a claw frame 590 and a clamp telescopic cylinder installed on the claw frame 590. The clamp telescopic cylinder can be a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder. The bottom of the claw frame 590 of the front axle support is provided with a second slider, and the top of the fixing platform 550 is provided with a second slide groove 591 that is adapted to the second slider.
[0026] The working process of this experimental device is as follows: Frame installation and positioning: According to the wheelbase of the electric forklift to be tested, adjust the longitudinal position of the front axle support positioning fixture 560, place the front axle and rear axle of the frame into the positioning fixture 560 of the corresponding fixed platform 550, start the fixture telescopic cylinder, and clamp the frame through the jaw bracket 590 to complete the fixing. Bending fatigue test start: Start the rotation drive device 310, drive the lead screw 320 to rotate, and drive the third slider 340 to move laterally along the guide rod 330, so that the bending loading drive device 400 is precisely aligned with the lifting load application point of the frame; then the bending loading drive device 400 applies a vertical cyclic load, which is continuously applied to the frame to simulate the bending fatigue process when fully loaded and lifted. Torsional fatigue test start: The torsional loading drive device 521 is started synchronously or in stages. The transverse rotating shaft 520 of the rear axle support seat is driven to rotate in both directions through the flange, causing the frame to undergo torsional deformation, simulating the torsional fatigue process under bumpy road conditions, and working in conjunction with bending loading to achieve composite working condition testing. Electromagnetic vibration coupling simulation: The electromagnetic vibration module is activated, and an alternating current of a preset frequency is supplied to the ring electromagnetic coil 571 to generate an alternating magnetic field. The magnetic field interacts with the permanent magnet array 570 at the bottom of the fixed platform 550 to generate a periodic electromagnetic driving force. With the spring 581 of the elastic telescopic column buffering and the sliding of the slider, the fixed platform 550 drives the frame to generate high-frequency vibration, which reproduces the electromagnetic vibration when the motor is running and realizes the coupled fatigue test of mechanical load and electromagnetic vibration. During the test, data such as stress, strain, and vibration response of key parts of the frame are collected in real time. When the preset test cycle is reached or the frame shows signs of fatigue failure, the drive modules and vibration modules are shut down in sequence, the positioning clamp 560 is released, the frame is removed, and the entire fatigue strength test is completed.
[0027] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.
[0028] The terms "upper," "lower," "outer," "inner," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish relative positional relationships and are not necessarily qualitative. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.
[0029] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A fatigue strength testing device for an electric forklift frame, comprising a base, a vertical support column on the base, a transverse guide beam at the top of the vertical support column, and a laterally movable bending loading drive device mounted on the transverse guide beam for simulating a fully loaded lifting condition of a forklift; characterized in that: The front axle support and the rear axle support are respectively installed on the front and rear sides of the base, and both the front axle support and the rear axle support include a support module. The support module includes a horizontally arranged mounting cylinder, a horizontal rotating shaft rotatably mounted inside the mounting cylinder, an opening in the middle of the top side of the mounting cylinder, a transition mounting plate that fits into the opening fixed on the horizontal rotating shaft, and a fixing platform for fixing the electric vehicle frame that is rotatably mounted on the transition mounting plate along the longitudinal direction in conjunction with a longitudinal rotating shaft. A slidable elastic telescopic column is installed between the top of the fixed platform and the mounting cylinder. Corresponding electromagnetic vibration modules are installed on the transition mounting plate and the fixed platform respectively, which are used to cooperate with the elastic telescopic column to generate high-frequency vibration to simulate the electromagnetic vibration generated by the operation of the motor. The front axle support base has a corresponding positioning fixture slidably mounted on its fixed platform along the longitudinal direction; the rear axle support base has a corresponding positioning fixture fixedly mounted on its fixed platform, and the input end of the transverse rotation shaft of the rear axle support base is also connected to a torsional loading drive device to simulate the torsional deformation of the vehicle frame when it is bumpy.
2. The electric forklift frame fatigue strength testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic vibration module includes a ring-shaped electromagnetic coil mounted on a transition mounting plate and a permanent magnet array mounted on the bottom side of a fixed platform. The ring-shaped electromagnetic coil is used to generate an alternating magnetic field that interacts with the permanent magnet array.
3. The electric forklift frame fatigue strength testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic telescopic column includes a telescopic rod and its spring. One end of the telescopic rod is fixed to the top of the mounting base or the fixed platform, and the other end is slidably mounted on the fixed platform or the top of the mounting base.
4. The electric forklift frame fatigue strength testing device as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the telescopic rod is fixedly mounted on the bottom side of the fixed platform, and a first slider is provided at the bottom end of the telescopic rod. The top of the mounting cylinder is provided with a first sliding groove that matches the slider. The spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod.
5. The electric forklift frame fatigue strength testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning fixture includes a jaw frame and a fixture telescopic cylinder mounted on the jaw frame; The front axle support has a second slider at the bottom of the claw bracket, and the top of the fixed platform has a second groove that matches the second slider.
6. The electric forklift frame fatigue strength testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse guide beam includes a lead screw and a guide rod, and a third slider is mounted on the lead screw and guide rod. The input end of the lead screw is connected to the output end of the rotation drive device, and the bending loading drive device is fixed on the bottom side of the third slider.
7. The electric forklift frame fatigue strength testing device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The end of the horizontal rotating shaft is provided with a flange for connecting to the output end of the torsional loading drive device, which is installed and fixed on the side wall of the vertical support column.