Tritium blanket

Abstract

The invention discloses a tritium cladding, and the tritium cladding comprises a cladding with an inner cavity which is used for placing a neutron multiplier; the tritium breeding unit is filled with a neutron multiplication agent and a lithium breeding agent, and the tritium breeding unit is used for mixing the lithium breeding agent and the neutron multiplication agent to the maximum extent; the tritium extraction unit is used for extracting tritium from the cladding; and the heat dissipation unit is used for heat dissipation of the cladding. The propagation cylinder is arranged in the cladding, and the propagation material is also put into the propagation cylinder for tritium propagation, so that the mixing degree of the two propagation materials is improved, the reduction of the proportion of the propagation material caused by the occupation of the propagation cylinder in the space of the inner cavity can be reduced as much as possible, and the high proportion of the propagation material is ensured. Therefore, the tritium proliferation rate can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of magnetic confinement nuclear fusion technology, specifically to a tritium blanket. Background Technology

[0002] The blanket layer, responsible for tritium breeding and extraction, neutron shielding, high heat flux removal, and radiation protection, is a core component of a nuclear fusion reactor. It is a highly complex system with multiple coupled physics fields, bearing various complex loads such as high thermal loads, strong neutron irradiation, electromagnetic loads, and radiation damage. It also needs to ensure safe operation under various extreme conditions (such as earthquakes). Therefore, tritium breeding, tritium extraction, heat dissipation, and structural stability must be comprehensively considered in the blanket layer design.

[0003] Tritium multiplication rate is one of the important indicators for evaluating the performance of the blanket. Lithium microspheres are generally used as the multiplier, while beryllium microspheres or beryllium-titanium alloys are selected as the neutron multiplier. Good mixing degree between the multiplier and the neutron multiplier is beneficial to improving the tritium multiplication rate of the blanket. However, beryllium microspheres and lithium microspheres have differences in physical density, chemical properties, and allowable design values. Therefore, they should not be directly mixed and should be placed in separate areas.

[0004] Therefore, since the two materials cannot be directly mixed, the existing coating has a low proliferation rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is the low proliferation rate of existing coatings. The purpose is to provide a tritium coating to solve the above-mentioned problem.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A tritium cladding, comprising:

[0008] A cladding with an inner cavity for storing neutron multipliers;

[0009] A tritium breeding unit containing neutron multipliers and lithium breeding agents is used to maximize the mixing of lithium breeding agents and neutron multipliers.

[0010] A tritium extraction unit for extracting tritium from the blanket; and

[0011] Heat dissipation unit for cladding heat dissipation.

[0012] In one possible design, the cladding includes an inner cavity, a proliferation plate, and a proliferation tube;

[0013] The proliferation plates are arranged in parallel within the inner cavity, and the inner cavity is divided into several proliferation zones by the multiple proliferation plates.

[0014] Several proliferation tubes are provided and inserted through the proliferation plate. Correspondingly, the two ends of the proliferation tubes are connected to the inner wall of the cladding, and two adjacent proliferation plates are connected through the proliferation tubes.

[0015] Accordingly, multiple proliferation plates and multiple proliferation cylinders constitute a support structure for supporting the cladding;

[0016] Accordingly, the tritium proliferation unit includes a first subunit and a second subunit. The first subunit includes several proliferation plates and several internal proliferation zones, while the second subunit is located inside the proliferation tube.

[0017] In one possible design, several proliferation cylinders are divided into fixed cylinders that are welded to the cladding and movable cylinders that abut against the cladding. Several fixed cylinders are provided and evenly distributed on the cladding, while the remaining proliferation cylinders are used as movable cylinders.

[0018] In one possible design, the outer periphery of the proliferation tube is provided with a limiting structure for fixing the position of the proliferation plate. The limiting structure includes a limiting point and a limiting ring.

[0019] In one possible design, the proliferation tube includes a heat dissipation airflow channel on its outer side and a sleeve proliferation zone on its inner side.

[0020] The heat dissipation airflow channel is a narrow and elongated structure that extends along the length of the proliferation cylinder. The heat dissipation airflow channel is used for heat dissipation in the outer inner cavity proliferation area and the inner sleeve proliferation area of ​​the proliferation cylinder.

[0021] The tube amplification zone is equipped with several spaced partitions and a tritium extraction septum that runs through the tube amplification zone. The tritium extraction septum is used for tritium extraction and extends from one end of the tube amplification zone to the other end.

[0022] In one possible design, the propagation cylinder includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder;

[0023] The outer cylinder includes an annular end plate and a first cylinder body disposed on the outer periphery of the end plate and a second cylinder body disposed on the inner periphery of the end plate. An annular groove with one end closed and the other end open is formed between the first cylinder body and the second cylinder body. A beryllium alloy rod is inserted into the second cylinder body.

[0024] The inner cylinder is an annular cylinder with one end open and the other end closed. Its closed end is inserted into the annular groove from the open end of the annular groove. Correspondingly, the gap between the annular groove and the inner cylinder is used as a heat dissipation airflow channel. The open end of the outer cylinder and the open end of the inner cylinder are located at the same end and are constructed as the open end of the breeding cylinder.

[0025] The inner cavity of the inner cylinder serves as the tube proliferation zone, and the partition plate and tritium extraction septum are both located within the tube proliferation zone.

[0026] In one possible design, the tritium-raising septum is inserted into the sleeve proliferation zone and extends from one end of the sleeve proliferation zone to the other end; correspondingly, the sleeve proliferation zone is divided by the tritium-raising septum into a first cavity adjacent to the outer wall of the annular groove and a second cavity adjacent to the inner wall of the annular groove.

[0027] The tritium-lifting septum is provided with a flow hole near the closed end of the inner cylinder for connecting the first cavity and the second cavity, so as to form a tritium-lifting channel with the flow direction of the first cavity-flow hole-second cavity;

[0028] The first cavity is divided into several partitions and spaced apart. The first cavity is divided into several sub-regions by the partitions. A neutron multiplier and a lithium multiplier are placed in two adjacent sub-regions, respectively. A lithium multiplier is placed in the second cavity to increase the mixing degree of the neutron multiplier and the lithium multiplier.

[0029] In one possible design, the partition plate includes an annular plate and a retaining ring fitted around the outer periphery of the plate; the plate has several vent holes for the extraction gas to pass through, and the retaining ring is constructed as an elastic ring that elastically presses against the inner cylinder.

[0030] In one possible design, beryllium microspheres are placed in several inner cavity proliferation zones, and beryllium alloy plates are selected as proliferation plates.

[0031] In the tube-shaped amplification region, beryllium microspheres are placed in one of the two adjacent sub-regions of the first cavity, and lithium microspheres are placed in the other; lithium microspheres are placed in the second cavity.

[0032] A beryllium alloy rod is inserted into the second cylinder of the outer cylinder;

[0033] Accordingly, neutron multipliers include beryllium microspheres, beryllium alloy plates, and beryllium alloy rods, while lithium multipliers include lithium microspheres.

[0034] In one possible design, within the same internal cavity proliferation zone, the air inlet area is larger than the air outlet area.

[0035] In the sleeve breeding zone, the part of the inner cylinder open end located in the first cavity is used for air intake, and the part of the inner cylinder open end located in the second cavity is used for air exhaust, and the air intake area of ​​the inner cylinder open end is larger than the air exhaust area of ​​the inner cylinder open end.

[0036] In one possible design, the cladding includes a top cladding, a bottom cladding, side panels, and partitions;

[0037] The upper sealing plate is connected to the lower sealing plate through the side plate to form a single-sided open structure;

[0038] The partition is fixedly installed at the opening of the single-sided open structure to form a closed cladding with an inner cavity; and multiple partitions are provided and spaced apart, with the gaps between two adjacent partitions not communicating with each other and serving as functional cavities of the lumen module.

[0039] In one possible design, the partition includes a first partition, a second partition, a third partition, a fourth partition, a fifth partition, and a sixth partition arranged in parallel and at intervals, with the first partition located on the innermost side and forming an inner cavity of the cladding with the upper sealing plate, the lower sealing plate, and the side plate;

[0040] The gap between the first partition and the second partition serves as an intermediate cavity; the gap between the second partition and the third partition serves as an extraction gas inflow cavity; the gap between the third partition and the fourth partition serves as an extraction gas outflow cavity; the gap between the fourth partition and the fifth partition serves as a heat dissipation gas outflow cavity; and the gap between the fifth partition and the sixth partition serves as a heat dissipation gas inflow cavity.

[0041] The partition has several through holes extending inward from the outermost sixth partition. The through hole extending to the third partition is used as an extraction air inlet, the through hole extending to the fourth partition is used as an extraction air outlet, the through hole extending to the fifth partition is used as a heat dissipation air inlet, and the through hole extending to the sixth partition is used as a heat dissipation air outlet.

[0042] One end of the propagation tube is inserted into the partition and then passes through the fourth partition. Correspondingly, the first, second, third and fourth partitions are respectively provided with perforations adapted to the propagation tube.

[0043] In one possible design, the open end of the propagation tube is provided with an end cap, and inside the end cap, from the inside to the outside, there are an end cap, a tritium extraction end cap, and a plug. The end cap is provided with a tritium extraction inlet and a tritium extraction outlet located on both sides of the tritium extraction end cap, respectively. The tritium extraction septum is connected to the extraction gas inflow chamber through the inlet and the tritium extraction septum is connected to the extraction gas outflow chamber through the outlet.

[0044] In one possible design, the upper sealing plate is provided with an upper extraction air pipe and an upper heat dissipation air pipe; one end of the upper extraction air pipe is an air inlet extending to the partition, and the other end is a closed end extending into the inner cavity. Several air outlets are provided between the two ends of the upper extraction air pipe. Correspondingly, the air inlet of the upper extraction air pipe is connected to the extraction air inflow cavity, and each inner cavity proliferation zone is connected to at least one air outlet of the upper extraction air pipe; the upper heat dissipation air pipe is wound around the upper sealing plate and connects the heat dissipation air inflow cavity and the heat dissipation air outflow cavity.

[0045] The lower sealing plate is provided with a lower extraction air pipe and a lower heat dissipation air pipe; one end of the lower extraction air pipe is an air outlet extending to the partition, and the other end is a closed end extending into the inner cavity. Several air inlets are provided between the two ends of the lower extraction air pipe. Correspondingly, the air outlet of the lower extraction air pipe is connected to the extraction air outlet cavity. Each inner cavity proliferation zone is connected to at least one air inlet of the lower extraction air pipe, and the number of upper extraction air pipe outlets connected to the same inner cavity proliferation zone is greater than the number of lower extraction air pipe inlets; the lower heat dissipation air pipe is wound around the lower sealing plate and connects the heat dissipation air inlet cavity and the heat dissipation air outlet cavity;

[0046] The inner side of the side plate is provided with several central heat dissipation air pipes that surround the side plate and are spaced apart from top to bottom. The air inlet and outlet of the central heat dissipation air pipes are located on both sides of the side plate and are respectively connected to the heat dissipation air inflow cavity and the middle cavity. In two adjacent central heat dissipation air pipes, the positions of the air inlet and outlet are opposite to form opposing airflow.

[0047] In one possible design, the proliferation cylinder includes a heat dissipation airflow channel and a tritium extraction channel; the cladding includes an extraction gas inflow chamber, an extraction gas outflow chamber, an upper extraction gas pipe, a lower extraction gas pipe, a heat dissipation gas inflow chamber, a heat dissipation gas outflow chamber, an upper heat dissipation pipe, a middle heat dissipation pipe, and a lower heat dissipation pipe;

[0048] The tritium extraction unit consists of an extraction gas inlet chamber, an extraction gas outlet chamber, an upper extraction gas pipe, a lower extraction gas pipe, and a tritium extraction channel. The heat dissipation unit consists of an intermediate chamber, a heat dissipation gas inlet chamber, a heat dissipation gas outlet chamber, an upper heat dissipation pipe, a middle heat dissipation pipe, a lower heat dissipation pipe, and a heat dissipation channel.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0050] A propagation chamber is placed within the envelope, and propagation material is also placed inside the chamber for tritium propagation. This increases the mixing degree between the two propagation materials and minimizes the reduction in the proportion of propagation material caused by the propagation chamber occupying internal space, ensuring a high proportion of propagation material. Based on this, it helps to improve the tritium propagation rate.

[0051] The propagation cylinder, through structural improvements, is integrated with the heat dissipation unit for heat dissipation in the central cavity of the cladding and for tritium extraction. Furthermore, the propagation cylinder, in conjunction with the propagation plate, forms an internal support, enhancing the overall strength and stability of the cladding structure. Thus, while ensuring the tritium propagation rate, the tritium cladding achieves a balance between tritium propagation, extraction, and structural stability. Attached Figure Description

[0052] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an explosion involving a tritium envelope.

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the propagation tube.

[0055] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged end structure.

[0056] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the end of the tritium separator.

[0057] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the partition.

[0058] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the propagation tube.

[0059] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the propagation cylinders on the partition.

[0060] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cladding.

[0061] Figure 9 for Figure 7 Side view.

[0062] Figure 10 for Figure 8 A partially enlarged structural diagram.

[0063] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the upper sealing plate.

[0064] Figure 12 This is a structural schematic diagram of the lower sealing plate.

[0065] Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of the side panel.

[0066] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names:

[0067] 1. Upper sealing plate; 101. Upper extraction air pipe; 102. Upper heat dissipation air pipe; 2. Lower sealing plate; 201. Lower extraction air pipe; 202. Lower heat dissipation air pipe; 3. Side plate; 301. Middle heat dissipation air pipe; 4. Partition; 401. First partition; 402. Second partition; 403. Third partition; 404. Fourth partition; 405. Fifth partition; 406. Sixth partition; 407. Inner cavity; 408. Intermediate cavity; 409. Extraction air inlet cavity; 410. Extraction air outlet cavity ; 411, Cooling air outlet cavity; 412, Cooling air inlet cavity; 5, Proliferating plate; 6, Proliferating cylinder; 601, Cooling airflow channel; 602, Sleeve proliferating zone; 603, First cavity; 604, Second cavity; 7, Outer cylinder; 701, End plate; 702, First cylinder; 703, Second cylinder; 8, Inner cylinder; 9, Partition plate; 901, Plate body; 902, Retaining ring; 10, Tritium lifting septum; 11, End; 12, End cap; 13, Tritium lifting end cap; 14, Plug. Detailed Implementation

[0068] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0069] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details are not necessary to practice the invention. In other embodiments, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods have not been specifically described in order to avoid obscuring the invention.

[0070] Throughout this specification, references to "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Therefore, the phrases "an embodiment," "an example," "an example," or "an example" appearing in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments or examples in any suitable combination and / or sub-combination. Moreover, those skilled in the art will understand that the illustrations provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0071] In the description of this invention, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0072] Example 1:

[0073] like Figures 1-13 As shown, a tritium cladding includes:

[0074] The cladding has an inner cavity 407 for placing a neutron multiplier;

[0075] A tritium breeding unit containing neutron multipliers and lithium breeding agents is used to maximize the mixing of lithium breeding agents and neutron multipliers.

[0076] A tritium extraction unit for extracting tritium from the blanket; and

[0077] Heat dissipation unit for cladding heat dissipation.

[0078] Tritium envelopes have the functions of tritium proliferation, tritium extraction, and heat dissipation. Among these three, the core is tritium proliferation, that is, tritium extraction and heat dissipation are generated only when tritium proliferation occurs.

[0079] Tritium breeding primarily involves the nuclear reaction between tritium breeding materials and fusion neutrons. A key factor in increasing the tritium breeding rate is improving the mixing degree between the tritium breeding materials and fusion neutrons (i.e., the lithium breeding agent and neutron multiplier). Therefore, given a fixed space ratio within the blanket, a higher mixing degree results in a higher tritium breeding rate.

[0080] Specifically: the cladding includes the inner cavity 407, the proliferation plate 5, and the proliferation tube 6;

[0081] A plurality of proliferation plates 5 are provided and arranged parallel to each other in the inner cavity 407. Accordingly, the plurality of proliferation plates 5 divide the inner cavity 407 into a plurality of inner cavity proliferation areas.

[0082] A plurality of proliferation cylinders 6 are provided and pass through the proliferation plates 5. Correspondingly, the two ends of the proliferation cylinders 6 are respectively connected to the inner wall of the cladding, and two adjacent proliferation plates 5 are connected through the proliferation cylinders 6.

[0083] Accordingly, multiple proliferation plates 5 and multiple proliferation cylinders 6 constitute a support structure for supporting the cladding;

[0084] Accordingly, the tritium proliferation unit includes a first subunit and a second subunit. The first subunit includes several proliferation plates 5 and several internal proliferation zones, and the second subunit is located inside the proliferation tube 6.

[0085] Based on the above design scheme, the tritium cladding is constructed as a cavity structure with a sealed inner cavity 407. This cavity structure is formed by multiple fixedly connected plates, ensuring the overall strength and stability of the cladding structure. Simultaneously, the inner cavity 407 contains a neutron multiplier and serves as the inner cavity breeding region. If the entire inner cavity 407 is used as the inner cavity breeding region, although a high proportion of breeding material is ensured, the heat dissipation unit only acts on the outer wall of the cavity. While the edges of the inner cavity 407 can effectively dissipate heat, heat accumulation will occur in the center of the inner cavity 407, significantly reducing the overall heat dissipation performance of the cladding and making long-term stable operation difficult.

[0086] Therefore, a propagation cylinder 6 is incorporated into the cladding. The propagation cylinder 6 can be used for tritium propagation to maintain the proportion of propagating material in the inner cavity 407. It can also dissipate heat from the center of the inner cavity 407, maintaining tritium propagation and further utilizing thermal energy. This also helps prevent component damage caused by high cladding temperatures, ensuring the stability of the overall system. Similarly, the propagation cylinder 6 can also be used for tritium extraction, thereby extracting tritium from the center of the inner cavity 407 to the outside of the cladding, improving the tritium extraction rate in the cladding and solving the problem of some tritium being unextractable.

[0087] Furthermore, a multiplier plate 5 is installed in the inner cavity 407 to achieve partitioning, thereby constructing several inner cavity multiplier zones to place neutron multipliers, improve their mixing degree, and increase the tritium multiplication rate. At the same time, the multiplier plate 5 and the multiplier tube 6 are connected to form a support structure located in the inner cavity 407 of the cladding, further improving the strength and stability of the overall cladding structure and effectively enhancing the stability of the cladding under vibration loads.

[0088] Based on this, the propagation cylinder 6 is structurally improved to work in conjunction with the heat dissipation unit for heat dissipation in the middle of the inner cavity 407 of the cladding. Simultaneously, the propagation cylinder 6 can also be used for tritium propagation and extraction, minimizing the reduction in the proportion of propagated material caused by the propagation cylinder 6 occupying space in the inner cavity 407, ensuring a high proportion of propagated material; it also effectively extracts the tritium propagated in the middle of the inner cavity 407, improving the tritium extraction efficiency. Furthermore, the propagation cylinder 6, in conjunction with the propagation plate 5, forms an internal support, improving the overall strength and stability of the cladding structure. Thus, the tritium cladding achieves a balance in tritium propagation, extraction, and structural stability.

[0089] At the same time, according to the green technology patent classification system, nuclear fusion (IPC classification number G21B) related technologies are green technology patents and meet the requirements for priority patent examination.

[0090] Example 2:

[0091] Based on Example 1, this embodiment further explains the tritium coating by considering the structure of the proliferation tube 6:

[0092] like Figures 1-9 As shown, in one possible implementation, several proliferation cylinders 6 are divided into fixed cylinders that are welded to the cladding and movable cylinders that abut against the cladding. Several fixed cylinders are provided and evenly distributed on the cladding, and the remaining proliferation cylinders 6 are used as movable cylinders.

[0093] Based on the above design scheme, regarding the stability of the cladding structure, when the cladding expands and deforms under heat, the propagation cylinder 6 provides tensile force to achieve pull-back, thus stabilizing the cladding shape and ensuring normal operation. Since there are several propagation cylinders 6, only a portion of them are needed to provide the tensile force. Therefore, depending on the connection method with the cladding, the propagation cylinder 6 is divided into fixed cylinders and movable cylinders. The fixed cylinders are welded to the cladding to achieve connection and sealing; the movable cylinders simply abut against the cladding.

[0094] It is worth noting that the fixing cylinders can be arranged in any suitable way, but they should be evenly distributed on the cladding to ensure that the tensile force is applied evenly to the cladding and to avoid deformation or damage to the cladding due to uneven stress.

[0095] Optionally, the multiple propagation cylinders 6 are divided into multiple equally spaced layered structures, with the propagation cylinders 6 in adjacent layered structures staggered. This ensures resistance to vibration loads while improving the uniformity of heat dissipation.

[0096] Preferably, the outer periphery of the proliferation cylinder 6 is provided with a limiting structure for fixing the position of the proliferation plate 5, the limiting structure including a limiting point and a limiting ring.

[0097] Based on this, the proliferation plate 5 and the proliferation cylinder 6 are connected to form a support structure located in the inner cavity 407 of the cladding, which improves the strength and stability of the overall cladding structure. However, for a single proliferation plate 5, under the action of vibration load, its relative position may change, causing the volume of the proliferation area in the inner cavity 407 to change. Therefore, the proliferation cylinder 6 is provided with a limiting structure at its connection with the proliferation plate 5 to restrict the degree of freedom of the corresponding proliferation plate 5.

[0098] It is easy to understand that, apart from the limiting point and the limiting ring, the limiting structure can be constructed into any other suitable structure, and the present invention does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0099] In one possible implementation, the proliferation cylinder 6 includes a heat dissipation airflow channel 601 located on its outer side and a sleeve proliferation zone 602 located on its inner side.

[0100] The heat dissipation airflow channel 601 is a narrow and elongated structure that extends along the length of the proliferation cylinder 6. The heat dissipation airflow channel 601 is used for heat dissipation of the proliferation area 407 in the outer inner cavity of the proliferation cylinder 6 and the proliferation area 602 in the inner sleeve of the proliferation cylinder 6.

[0101] The sleeve proliferation zone 602 is provided with several spaced partitions 9 and a tritium extraction septum 10 that passes through the sleeve proliferation zone 602. The tritium extraction septum 10 is used for tritium extraction and extends from one end of the sleeve proliferation zone 602 to the other end.

[0102] Based on the above design, the breeding cylinder 6 completes the tritium breeding operation through the sleeve breeding zone 602. Simultaneously, the sleeve breeding zone 602 is divided by a partition plate 9 to allow for the spaced placement of beryllium and lithium microspheres, thereby increasing the mixing degree. A heat dissipation airflow channel 601 is used for heat dissipation, and is located on the outside of the breeding cylinder 6 to simultaneously act on the inner and outer spaces of the breeding cylinder 6, achieving heat dissipation from the middle of the inner cavity 407 and the breeding cylinder 6 itself.

[0103] The tritium extraction operation is completed by the tritium extraction septum 10, which extends from one end of the sleeve breeding zone 602 to the other end, effectively increasing the flow length of the extraction gas. On the one hand, this allows the extraction gas to diffuse fully within the sleeve breeding zone 602, and on the other hand, it allows the extraction gas to simultaneously purge through the beryllium microsphere region and the lithium microsphere region, thus achieving full tritium extraction.

[0104] Optionally, such as Figures 1-9 As shown, the propagation cylinder 6 includes an outer cylinder 7 and an inner cylinder 8;

[0105] The outer cylinder 7 includes an annular end plate 701 and a first cylinder 702 and a second cylinder 703 respectively disposed on the outer periphery of the end plate 701 and on the inner periphery of the end plate 701. The first cylinder 702 and the second cylinder 703 form an annular groove with one end closed and the other end open. A beryllium alloy rod is inserted into the second cylinder 703.

[0106] The inner cylinder 8 is constructed as an annular cylinder with one end open and the other end closed. Its closed end is inserted into the annular groove from the open end of the annular groove. Correspondingly, the gap between the annular groove and the inner cylinder 8 is used as a heat dissipation airflow channel 601. The open end of the outer cylinder 7 and the open end of the inner cylinder 8 are located at the same end and are constructed as the open end of the breeding cylinder 6.

[0107] The inner cavity of the inner cylinder 8 is used as the sleeve proliferation zone 602, and the partition plate 9 and the tritium lifting septum 10 are both set in the sleeve proliferation zone 602.

[0108] The operation of the propagation cylinder 6 will be further explained below with reference to a practically feasible structure. Preferably, the outer cylinder 7 and the inner cylinder 8 are concentric and spaced apart to ensure uniform gap width, improve the uniformity of heat dissipation in the heat dissipation airflow channel 601, and avoid uneven heating / cooling. The outer cylinder 7 is also equipped with propagation rods to increase the space ratio and further improve the tritium propagation rate.

[0109] The inner cylinder 8 divides the sleeve-type amplification zone 602 into multiple sub-cavities via partitions 9, thereby allowing for the spaced placement of beryllium and lithium microspheres to improve mixing. The tritium extraction chamber 10 is used for tritium extraction, improving the extraction efficiency. Specifically:

[0110] The tritium-raising septum 10 is inserted into the sleeve-grown area 602 and extends from one end of the sleeve-grown area 602 to the other end; correspondingly, the sleeve-grown area 602 is divided by the tritium-raising septum 10 into a first cavity 603 adjacent to the outer wall of the annular groove and a second cavity 604 adjacent to the inner wall of the annular groove.

[0111] The tritium-lifting septum 10 is provided with a flow hole near the closed end of the inner cylinder 8 for connecting the first cavity 603 and the second cavity 604, so as to form a tritium-lifting channel with the flow direction of the first cavity 603-flow hole-second cavity 604;

[0112] The partition 9 is provided in several intervals and is arranged in the first cavity 603; the first cavity 603 is divided into several sub-regions by the partition 9, and neutron multiplier and lithium multiplier are placed in two adjacent sub-regions respectively. The second cavity 604 contains lithium multiplier to increase the mixing degree of neutron multiplier and lithium multiplier.

[0113] Based on the above design, the tritium extraction separator 10 further divides the space of the sleeve breeding zone 602 into a first cavity 603 and a second cavity 604. After the division, on the one hand, a tritium extraction channel with an inlet area larger than the outlet area is formed, which prolongs the residence time of the tritium extraction gas in the breeding cylinder 6 and helps to achieve sufficient tritium extraction; on the other hand, multiple breeding material placement areas are formed, that is, breeding materials are placed in both the first cavity 603 and the second cavity 604. The first cavity 603, which has a larger volume, is also divided by a partition plate 9 to place neutron multipliers and lithium breeding agents at intervals, so as to increase the space ratio and improve the mixing degree, so as to maximize the tritium breeding in the breeding cylinder 6.

[0114] Therefore, while efficiently multiplying tritium, more tritium can be extracted, greatly increasing the amount of tritium output from the cladding and significantly improving the tritium production of the tritium cladding. Furthermore, the gaps between the beryllium and lithium microspheres result in poor local support for the cladding, especially under transient loads, causing them to move and impact the structural material, leading to structural damage to the cladding under transient loads. In other words, in addition to external vibrations, the microspheres within the cladding generate internal vibrations and impacts.

[0115] To address this, the inner cavity propagation zone is supported by the propagation plate 5 and the propagation cylinder 6, effectively mitigating internal impacts. For the propagation cylinder 6, stability is improved by modifying the structure of the partition plate 9. Specifically, in one possible implementation, the partition plate 9 includes an annular plate and a retaining ring 902 fitted around the outer periphery of the plate. The plate has several ventilation holes for the extraction gas to pass through, and the retaining ring 902 is constructed to elastically press against the inner cylinder 8.

[0116] Based on the above design, the plate is used to separate the proliferation zone 602 of the sleeve, and the plate ensures that the extraction gas can flow through through the vent. The outer periphery of the plate is provided with a groove that fits the retaining ring 902, and the retaining ring 902 is sleeved on the plate through the groove; the retaining ring 902 presses against the inner cylinder 8 with elasticity to prevent the balls in different zones from mixing, and at the same time compresses the balls to prevent the balls from moving under transient loads.

[0117] In one possible implementation, beryllium microspheres are placed in several inner cavity 407 breeding regions, and the breeding plate 5 is selected as a beryllium alloy plate;

[0118] In the sleeve-type amplification region 602, beryllium microspheres are placed in one of the two adjacent sub-regions of the first cavity, and lithium microspheres are placed in the other; lithium microspheres are placed in the second cavity;

[0119] A beryllium alloy rod is inserted into the second cylinder 703 of the outer cylinder 7;

[0120] Accordingly, neutron multipliers include beryllium microspheres, beryllium alloy plates, and beryllium alloy rods, while multipliers include lithium microspheres.

[0121] Based on the above design scheme, beryllium and its alloys are selected as neutron multipliers, and combined with structural improvements, the mixing degree of the above-mentioned multiplying materials is maximized to improve the tritium multiplication rate.

[0122] In existing technologies, during tritium extraction, the partial pressure of tritium drives its penetration into the beryllium microsphere region, leading to tritium retention and preventing its extraction. By using a breeding cylinder 6 to create a tritium extraction channel extending deep into the inner cavity 407, extraction gas is delivered into the blanket layer. This allows the extraction gas to purge both the neutron multiplier region and the lithium breeding agent region, achieving sufficient tritium extraction.

[0123] Furthermore, for the inner cavity breeding zone, the number, thickness, spacing, and other parameters of the breeding plates 5 can be adjusted according to the tritium breeding requirements to obtain different ratios of lithium breeder and neutron multiplier, achieving a good mixing degree of the breeding materials. Similarly, for the sleeve breeding zone 602, the number, spacing, and other parameters of the partition plates 9, as well as the size of the tritium partition cylinder 10, can be adjusted according to the tritium breeding requirements to obtain different ratios of lithium breeder and neutron multiplier, achieving a good mixing degree of the breeding materials.

[0124] In one possible implementation, within the same internal cavity 407 proliferation zone, the air inlet area is larger than the air outlet area.

[0125] In the sleeve breeding zone 602, the part of the open end of the inner cylinder 8 located in the first cavity is used for air intake, and the part of the open end of the inner cylinder 8 located in the second cavity is used for air exhaust, and the air intake area of ​​the open end of the inner cylinder 8 is larger than the air exhaust area of ​​the open end of the inner cylinder 8.

[0126] Based on the above design scheme, taking a certain inner cavity proliferation zone as an example, the area of ​​its air inlet is set to be larger than the area of ​​its air outlet, so that the intake volume of the extraction gas is greater than the output volume, and the extraction gas diffuses fully within the inner cavity proliferation zone, ensuring sufficient tritium extraction and helping to improve the tritium extraction effect. Similarly, the area of ​​the air inlet in the sleeve proliferation zone 602 is also larger than the area of ​​the air inlet of the tritium extraction diaphragm 10.

[0127] Example 3:

[0128] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further explains the tritium coating in conjunction with the coating structure:

[0129] like Figure 1 as well as Figures 8-13 As shown, in one possible implementation, the cladding includes an upper sealing plate 1, a lower sealing plate 2, a side plate 3, and a partition 4;

[0130] The upper sealing plate 1 is connected to the lower sealing plate 2 via the side plate 3 to form a single-sided open structure;

[0131] The partition 4 is fixedly installed at the opening of the single-sided open structure to form a closed cladding with an inner cavity 407; and multiple partitions 4 are provided and spaced apart, with the gaps between two adjacent partitions 4 not communicating with each other and serving as functional cavities of the lumen module.

[0132] Correspondingly, several proliferation plates 5 are spaced apart in the inner cavity 407 of the cladding; one end of the proliferation cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to the side plate 3, and the other end of the proliferation cylinder 6 passes through the proliferation plate 5 and is inserted into the partition plate 4.

[0133] Based on the above design, a cavity structure is formed by the upper sealing plate 1, the lower sealing plate 2, the side plate 3, and the partition plate 4. The plates are connected by any suitable fixing method, such as welding, to improve the structural stability of the cladding. Multiple partition plates 4 are set to form functional cavities. When the extracted gas and the heat dissipation gas flow into the cladding, they flow into different functional cavities before flowing into the cladding. After the operation is completed, they flow back into different functional cavities and out. In this way, the gas flow is guided and gas mixing is avoided.

[0134] As is easy to understand, the cladding is used in conjunction with the gas extraction equipment and heat dissipation equipment, and the partition 4 is also used as a connecting plate, so that the gas interface positions on the cladding are uniform, which facilitates uniform processing. Other plates have a flat appearance and do not require additional processing.

[0135] For the multiplication cylinder 6, one end is fixedly connected to the side plate 3, and the other end is connected to the partition plate 4. For the middle part of the multiplication cylinder 6, multiple multiplication plates 5 are arranged at intervals to achieve multi-point support, thereby improving the structural stability of the multiplication cylinder 6. Optionally, the multiplication plate 5 can be selected as a beryllium titanium alloy plate used as a neutron multiplier.

[0136] It is worth noting that welding is the preferred method for connecting the various plates in the cladding and the fixed cylinder in the propagation cylinder 6, which ensures the sealing of the connection while achieving a fixed connection.

[0137] In one possible implementation, such as Figures 8-10 As shown, the partition 4 includes a first partition 401, a second partition 402, a third partition 403, a fourth partition 404, a fifth partition 405 and a sixth partition 406 arranged in parallel and at intervals. The first partition 401 is located on the innermost side and forms a cladding cavity 407 with the upper sealing plate 1, the lower sealing plate 2 and the side plate 3.

[0138] The gap between the first partition 401 and the second partition 402 is used as an intermediate cavity 408; the gap between the second partition 402 and the third partition 403 is used as an extraction gas inflow cavity 409; the gap between the third partition 403 and the fourth partition 404 is used as an extraction gas outflow cavity 410; the gap between the fourth partition 404 and the fifth partition 405 is used as a heat dissipation gas outflow cavity 411; and the gap between the fifth partition 405 and the sixth partition 406 is used as a heat dissipation gas inflow cavity 412.

[0139] Correspondingly, the upper sealing plate 1 is provided with an upper extraction air pipe 101 and an upper heat dissipation air pipe 102. The two ends of the upper extraction air pipe 101 are respectively connected to the extraction air inflow chamber 409 and the extraction air outflow chamber 410, and the two ends of the upper heat dissipation air pipe 102 are respectively connected to the heat dissipation air inflow chamber 412 and the intermediate chamber 408.

[0140] The lower sealing plate 2 is provided with a lower extraction air pipe 201 and a lower heat dissipation air pipe 202. The two ends of the lower extraction air pipe 201 are respectively connected to the extraction air inlet chamber 409 and the extraction air outlet chamber 410. The two ends of the lower heat dissipation air pipe 202 are respectively connected to the heat dissipation air inlet chamber 412 and the intermediate chamber 408.

[0141] The inner side of the side plate 3 is provided with a central heat dissipation pipe 301, and the two ends of the central heat dissipation pipe 301 are respectively connected to the heat dissipation air inflow cavity 412 and the intermediate cavity 408.

[0142] The proliferation cylinder 6 includes a sleeve proliferation zone 602 and a heat dissipation airflow channel 601. The sleeve proliferation zone 602 is connected to the extraction gas inflow chamber 409 and the extraction gas outflow chamber 410 through the tritium extraction partition 10. The two ends of the heat dissipation airflow channel 601 are connected to the intermediate chamber 408 and the heat dissipation airflow outflow chamber 411, respectively.

[0143] Based on the above design, the inner cavity 407 is the largest cavity in the cladding. The inner cavity 407 is divided into multiple inner cavity proliferation zones by the supporting structure. Beryllium microspheres are placed in each inner cavity proliferation zone, which, together with the proliferation plate 5 used as a neutron multiplier, has a large space ratio, which helps to improve the proliferation rate of tritium.

[0144] For multiple partitions 4, the gap between two adjacent partitions 4 is constructed as a functional cavity. Four functional cavities are provided for the inflow and outflow of extractant gas and heat dissipation gas. For extractant gas, after flowing into the extractant gas outlet cavity 410, it flows into the cladding and the propagation cylinder 6 respectively. After tritium extraction, it flows into the extractant gas outlet cavity 410 and then out again; that is, tritium extraction in the cladding and tritium extraction in the propagation cylinder 6 are in a "parallel" relationship. For heat dissipation gas, an intermediate cavity 408 is provided to guide its flow. When heat dissipation gas flows into the heat dissipation gas inflow cavity 412, it flows into the lumen within the cladding, then converges into the intermediate cavity 408 and flows into the propagation cylinder 6, finally flowing into the heat dissipation gas outlet cavity 411 and out; that is, heat dissipation in the cladding and heat dissipation in the propagation cylinder 6 are in a "series" relationship, achieved through the intermediate cavity 408.

[0145] For tritium extraction, although there are two tritium extraction regions (i.e., the inner cavity 407407 proliferation region in the inner cavity 407 of the cladding and the proliferation chamber in the proliferation tube 6), there are no requirements for the amount of gas used in tritium extraction; and the structure related to tritium extraction is simpler, so the extraction gas can flow into the two tritium extraction regions at the same time to achieve a "parallel" relationship.

[0146] Conversely, for heat dissipation, if a "parallel" connection is also chosen, to achieve uniform heat dissipation, the gas volume needs to be calculated and distributed based on the internal heating condition of the tritium cladding. This leads to a more complex internal flow channel design, increasing the costs of design, production, manufacturing, and use. Conversely, achieving gas distribution becomes difficult. Furthermore, the external pressure head must be selected based on the amount of heat dissipation gas required. If the heat dissipation is in a "series" connection, the above problems can be effectively avoided, simplifying the internal flow channel design of the cladding, resulting in a simpler structure and easier selection of the external pressure head. For the cladding, the number of interfaces with the outside is also greatly reduced, leading to a simpler structure and improved sealing.

[0147] It is easy to understand that the flow of heat dissipation gas can flow into the cladding first and then into the proliferation cylinder 6, or flow into the proliferation cylinder 6 first and then into the cladding. The staff can flexibly adjust the flow sequence according to the heating status of the cladding.

[0148] It is worth noting that the two extraction gas chambers are located between the heat dissipation gas chambers, which dissipates heat from the extraction gas and helps to lower the temperature of the extraction gas.

[0149] Optionally, the partition 4 is provided with a plurality of through holes extending inward from the outermost sixth partition 406. The through holes extending to the third partition 403 are used as extraction air inlet holes, the through holes extending to the fourth partition 404 are used as extraction air outlet holes, the through holes extending to the fifth partition 405 are used as heat dissipation air inlet holes, and the through holes extending to the sixth partition 406 are used as heat dissipation air outlet holes.

[0150] The end of the propagation cylinder 6 inserted into the partition 4 is inserted into the fourth partition 404. Correspondingly, the first partition 401, the second partition 402, the third partition 403 and the fourth partition 404 are respectively provided with perforations adapted to the propagation cylinder 6.

[0151] Based on the above design, the partition 4 is provided with a boss extending into the partition 4. The boss is used for connection and for drilling to facilitate the flow of gas into or out of the corresponding functional cavity. While guiding the gas flow, the boss also prevents gas from mixing into other functional cavities. Correspondingly, the side plate 3 is perforated to facilitate the flow of heat dissipation air into or out of the upper and lower sealing plates.

[0152] It is easy to understand that those skilled in the art can select and combine parameters such as the number, size, and location of through holes according to the actual gas usage to better adapt to the working environment and fulfill the work requirements.

[0153] It is worth noting that the end of the propagation cylinder 6 is inserted into the fourth partition 404, realizing the connection between the propagation cylinder 6 and the partition 4. At the same time, the opening and gas interface at the end of the propagation cylinder 6 are used to achieve communication with the functional chamber, realizing the inflow and outflow of extraction gas and heat dissipation gas. Specifically: the open end of the propagation cylinder 6 is provided with an end head 11. The end head 11 is provided with an end cap 12, a tritium extraction end cap 13 and a plug 14 in sequence from the inside to the outside. The end head 11 is provided with a tritium extraction inlet and a tritium extraction outlet located on both sides of the tritium extraction end cap 13, respectively. The tritium extraction partition 10 is connected to the extraction gas inflow chamber 409 through the inlet and the extraction gas outflow chamber 410 through the outlet.

[0154] Based on the above design, tritium extraction and heat dissipation are accomplished through extraction gas and heat dissipation gas, respectively. Corresponding gas inlets should also be provided on the propagation cylinder 6 to facilitate gas inflow and outflow. To this end, the open end of the outer cylinder 7 (i.e., the opposite side of end plate 701) and the open end of the inner cylinder 8 are located at the same end of the propagation cylinder 6, thus centralizing the gas inlets. Simultaneously, in conjunction with the end cap 12 and the plug 14, the end of the propagation cylinder 6 is divided into sections to prevent mixing of the extraction gas and the heat dissipation gas.

[0155] The first cylinder 702 has an opening on its outer periphery that connects to the heat dissipation airflow channel 601, serving as an inlet for the heat dissipation air. An opening exists between the open end of the second cylinder 703 and the open end of the inner cylinder 8, serving as an outlet for the heat dissipation air. The end cap 12 has a vent hole for gas passage, allowing the extracted gas to diffuse sufficiently within the sleeve's growth zone 602. The tritium extraction end cap 13 is a closed structure, allowing unidirectional flow of the extracted gas. The plug 14 is used to seal the end of the sleeve's growth zone 602. The plug 14 seals all parts except for the heat dissipation air outlet.

[0156] Optionally, such as Figure 11 As shown, the upper sealing plate 1 is provided with an upper extraction air pipe 101 and an upper heat dissipation air pipe 102; one end of the upper extraction air pipe 101 is an air inlet extending to the partition plate 4, and the other end is a closed end extending into the inner cavity 407. Several air outlets are provided between the two ends of the upper extraction air pipe 101. Correspondingly, the air inlet of the upper extraction air pipe 101 is connected to the extraction air inflow cavity 409, and each inner cavity 407 proliferation area is connected to at least one air outlet of the upper extraction air pipe 101; the upper heat dissipation air pipe 102 is wound around the upper sealing plate 1 and is connected to the heat dissipation air inflow cavity 412 and the heat dissipation air outflow cavity 411.

[0157] Optionally, such as Figure 12As shown, the lower sealing plate 2 is provided with a lower extraction air pipe 201 and a lower heat dissipation air pipe 202; one end of the lower extraction air pipe 201 is an air outlet extending to the partition plate 4, and the other end is a closed end extending into the inner cavity 407. Several air inlets are provided between the two ends of the lower extraction air pipe 201. Correspondingly, the air outlet of the lower extraction air pipe 201 is connected to the extraction air outlet cavity 410. Each inner cavity 407 proliferation area is connected to at least one air inlet of the lower extraction air pipe 201, and the number of upper extraction air pipe 101 air outlets connected to the same inner cavity 407 proliferation area is greater than the number of lower extraction air pipe 201 air inlets; the lower heat dissipation air pipe 202 is wound around the lower sealing plate 2 and is connected to the heat dissipation air inlet cavity 412 and the heat dissipation air outlet cavity 411.

[0158] Based on the above design scheme, the upper sealing plate 1 and the lower sealing plate 2 have certain similarities in structure. Taking the upper sealing plate 1 as an example: considering that the inner cavity proliferation zones are arranged sequentially along the length direction of the upper sealing plate 1, the air outlets of the upper extraction air pipe 101 are spaced apart along its length direction to ensure that each inner cavity proliferation zone is supplied with air; the upper heat dissipation air pipe 102 is only used for heat dissipation of the cladding nearby. The upper heat dissipation air pipe 102 is preferably constructed as a curved pipe to expand the heat dissipation area and improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0159] The difference between the two is that, in the same inner cavity proliferation zone, the number of air outlets of the upper extraction trachea 101 is greater than the number of air inlets of the lower extraction trachea 201, so that the intake volume of extraction gas is greater than the output volume, and the extraction gas diffuses fully in the inner cavity proliferation zone, ensuring sufficient tritium extraction and helping to improve the tritium extraction effect.

[0160] To address this, the number of upper extraction tracheas 101 can be increased while the number of lower extraction tracheas 201 can be decreased; or, the number of air outlets of the upper extraction tracheas 101 can be increased while the number of air inlets of the lower extraction tracheas 201 can be decreased; or, both of the above solutions can be adopted simultaneously.

[0161] Optionally, such as Figure 13 As shown, the inner side of the side plate 3 is provided with a number of central heat dissipation air pipes 301 that surround the side plate 3 and are spaced apart from top to bottom. The air inlet and outlet of the central heat dissipation air pipes 301 are located on both sides of the side plate 3, and are respectively connected to the heat dissipation air inflow cavity 412 and the intermediate cavity 408. In two adjacent central heat dissipation air pipes 301, the positions of the air inlet and outlet are opposite to form opposing airflow.

[0162] Based on the above design, the side panel 3 achieves heat dissipation through the central heat dissipation pipe 301. The number of central heat dissipation pipes 301 is increased to ensure the coverage area and guarantee the heat dissipation effect. Furthermore, in two adjacent central heat dissipation pipes 301, the positions of the air inlet and outlet are opposite, and the air flow directions of two adjacent central heat dissipation pipes 301 are opposite to form a counter-current airflow, which makes the temperature of the partition 4 uniform, avoids temperature differences on both sides of the partition 4, and helps to extend the service life of the cladding.

[0163] In one possible implementation, the proliferation cylinder 6 includes a heat dissipation airflow channel 601 and a tritium extraction channel; the cladding includes an extraction gas inflow cavity 409, an extraction gas outflow cavity 410, an upper extraction gas pipe 101, a lower extraction gas pipe 201, a heat dissipation air inflow cavity 412, a heat dissipation gas outflow cavity 411, an upper heat dissipation pipe, a middle heat dissipation pipe, and a lower heat dissipation pipe.

[0164] The tritium extraction unit consists of an extraction gas inlet chamber 409, an extraction gas outlet chamber 410, an upper extraction gas pipe 101, a lower extraction gas pipe 201, and a tritium extraction channel. The heat dissipation unit consists of an intermediate chamber 408, a heat dissipation gas inlet chamber 412, a heat dissipation gas outlet chamber 411, an upper heat dissipation pipe, a middle heat dissipation pipe, a lower heat dissipation pipe, and a heat dissipation airflow channel 601.

[0165] The composition and working principle of the tritium extraction unit and the heat dissipation unit have been explained in conjunction with the cladding structure, and will not be repeated here.

[0166] It is worth noting that for the tritium extraction unit, each of its constituent lumens is constructed as a narrow flow channel to reduce the flow rate of the extraction gas. In conjunction with the fact that the inlet area of ​​the inner cavity proliferation zone and the sleeve proliferation zone 602 is larger than the outlet area, the extraction gas can be fully diffused in the inner cavity proliferation zone and the sleeve proliferation zone 602, so that the tritium extraction operation is more complete and thorough.

[0167] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tritium cladding, characterized in that, include: A cladding having an inner cavity (407) for placing a neutron multiplier; A tritium breeding unit containing neutron multipliers and lithium breeding agents is used to maximize the mixing of lithium breeding agents and neutron multipliers. A tritium extraction unit for extracting tritium from the blanket; and Heat dissipation unit for cladding heat dissipation.

2. The tritium cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cladding includes an inner cavity (407), a proliferation plate (5), and a proliferation tube (6); A plurality of proliferation plates (5) are provided and arranged in parallel to each other in the inner cavity (407). Accordingly, the multiple proliferation plates (5) divide the inner cavity (407) into a plurality of inner cavity proliferation areas. A number of proliferation tubes (6) are provided and are inserted through the proliferation plate (5). Correspondingly, the two ends of the proliferation tubes (6) are connected to the inner wall of the cladding, and two adjacent proliferation plates (5) are connected through the proliferation tubes (6). Accordingly, multiple proliferation plates (5) and multiple proliferation cylinders (6) constitute a support structure for supporting the cladding; Correspondingly, the tritium proliferation unit includes a first subunit and a second subunit. The first subunit includes several proliferation plates (5) and several internal proliferation zones, and the second subunit is located inside the proliferation tube (6).

3. The tritium cladding according to claim 2, characterized in that, Several proliferation cylinders (6) are divided into fixed cylinders that are welded to the cladding and movable cylinders that abut against the cladding. Several fixed cylinders are provided and evenly distributed on the cladding. The remaining proliferation cylinders (6) are used as movable cylinders.

4. The tritium cladding according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the proliferation tube (6) is provided with a limiting structure for fixing the position of the proliferation plate (5). The limiting structure includes a limiting point and a limiting ring.

5. The tritium cladding according to claim 2, characterized in that, The proliferation tube (6) includes a heat dissipation airflow channel (601) located on its outer side and a sleeve proliferation area (602) located on its inner side. The heat dissipation airflow channel (601) is a narrow structure extending along the length of the proliferation cylinder (6). The heat dissipation airflow channel (601) is used for heat dissipation of the outer inner cavity proliferation area and the inner sleeve proliferation area (602) of the proliferation cylinder (6). The casing amplification zone (602) is provided with several spaced partitions (9) and a tritium extraction septum (10) that passes through the casing amplification zone (602). The tritium extraction septum (10) is used for tritium extraction and extends from one end of the casing amplification zone (602) to the other end.

6. The tritium cladding according to claim 5, characterized in that, The propagation cylinder (6) includes an outer cylinder (7) and an inner cylinder (8); The outer cylinder (7) includes an annular end plate (701) and a first cylinder (702) and a second cylinder (703) respectively disposed on the outer periphery of the end plate (701) and the inner periphery of the end plate (701). The first cylinder (702) and the second cylinder (703) form an annular groove with one end closed and the other end open. A beryllium alloy rod is inserted into the second cylinder (703). The inner cylinder (8) is constructed as an annular cylinder with one end open and the other end closed. Its closed end is inserted into the annular groove from the open end of the annular groove. Correspondingly, the gap between the annular groove and the inner cylinder (8) is used as a heat dissipation airflow channel (601). The open end of the outer cylinder (7) and the open end of the inner cylinder (8) are located at the same end and are constructed as the open end of the breeding cylinder (6). The inner cavity of the inner cylinder (8) is used as the sleeve proliferation zone (602), and the partition plate (9) and the tritium extraction partition (10) are both set in the sleeve proliferation zone (602).

7. The tritium cladding according to claim 6, characterized in that, The tritium-raising septum (10) is inserted into the sleeve-grown area (602) and extends from one end of the sleeve-grown area (602) to the other end; accordingly, the sleeve-grown area (602) is divided by the tritium-raising septum (10) into a first cavity (603) adjacent to the outer wall of the annular groove and a second cavity (604) adjacent to the inner wall of the annular groove. The tritium-lifting septum (10) is provided with a flow hole near the closed end of the inner cylinder (8) for connecting the first cavity (603) and the second cavity (604) to form a tritium-lifting channel with the flow direction of the first cavity (603) - flow hole - second cavity (604); The partition (9) is provided in several places and is spaced apart in the first cavity (603); the first cavity (603) is divided into several sub-regions by the partition (9), and neutron multiplier and lithium multiplier are placed in two adjacent sub-regions respectively. The second cavity (604) contains lithium multiplier to increase the mixing degree of neutron multiplier and lithium multiplier.

8. The tritium cladding according to claim 6, characterized in that, The partition plate (9) includes an annular plate and a retaining ring (902) fitted on the outer periphery of the plate; the plate is provided with several ventilation holes for the extraction gas to pass through, and the retaining ring (902) is constructed as an elastic ring that elastically abuts against the inner cylinder (8).

9. The tritium cladding according to claim 6, characterized in that, In several inner cavity (407) proliferation zones, beryllium balls are placed in the inner cavity (407) proliferation zones, and the proliferation plate (5) is made of beryllium alloy plate; In the sleeve-grown area (602), beryllium microspheres are placed in one of the two adjacent sub-regions of the first cavity (603), and lithium microspheres are placed in the other; lithium microspheres are placed in the second cavity (604); A beryllium alloy rod is inserted into the second cylinder (703) of the outer cylinder (7); Accordingly, neutron multipliers include beryllium microspheres, beryllium alloy plates, and beryllium alloy rods, while lithium multipliers include lithium microspheres.

10. The tritium cladding according to claim 9, characterized in that, In the same internal cavity proliferation zone, the air inlet area is larger than the air outlet area; In the sleeve breeding zone (602), the part of the inner cylinder (8) open end located in the first cavity is used for air intake, and the part of the inner cylinder (8) open end located in the second cavity is used for air exhaust, and the air intake area of ​​the inner cylinder (8) open end is greater than the air exhaust area of ​​the inner cylinder (8) open end.

11. The tritium cladding according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The cladding includes an upper cladding plate (1), a lower cladding plate (2), side plates (3), and partitions (4); The upper sealing plate (1) is connected to the lower sealing plate (2) through the side plate (3) to form a single-sided open structure; The partition (4) is fixedly installed at the opening of the single-sided open structure to form a closed cladding with an inner cavity (407); and the partition (4) is provided in multiple and spaced apart, with the gap between two adjacent partitions (4) not connected to each other and used as a functional cavity of the lumen module.

12. The tritium cladding according to claim 11, characterized in that, The partition (4) includes a first partition (401), a second partition (402), a third partition (403), a fourth partition (404), a fifth partition (405), and a sixth partition (406) arranged in parallel and at intervals. The first partition (401) is located on the innermost side and forms a cladding cavity (407) with the upper sealing plate (1), the lower sealing plate (2), and the side plate (3). The gap between the first partition (401) and the second partition (402) is used as an intermediate cavity (408); the gap between the second partition (402) and the third partition (403) is used as an extraction gas inflow cavity (409); the gap between the third partition (403) and the fourth partition (404) is used as an extraction gas outflow cavity (410); the gap between the fourth partition (404) and the fifth partition (405) is used as a heat dissipation gas outflow cavity (411); and the gap between the fifth partition (405) and the sixth partition (406) is used as a heat dissipation gas inflow cavity (412). The partition (4) is provided with several through holes extending inward from the outermost sixth partition (406). The through hole extending to the third partition (403) is used as an extraction air inlet hole, the through hole extending to the fourth partition (404) is used as an extraction air outlet hole, the through hole extending to the fifth partition (405) is used as a heat dissipation air inlet hole, and the through hole extending to the sixth partition (406) is used as a heat dissipation air outlet hole. One end of the propagation tube (6) is inserted into the partition (4) and then passes through the fourth partition (404). Correspondingly, the first partition (401), the second partition (402), the third partition (403) and the fourth partition (404) are respectively provided with perforations adapted to the propagation tube (6).

13. The tritium cladding according to claim 12, characterized in that, The open end of the propagation tube (6) is provided with an end cap (11). The end cap (11) is provided with an end cap (12), a tritium extraction end cap (13) and a plug (14) from the inside to the outside. The end cap (11) is provided with a tritium extraction inlet and a tritium extraction outlet located on both sides of the tritium extraction end cap (13). The tritium extraction septum (10) is connected to the extraction gas inflow chamber (409) through the inlet and the extraction gas outflow chamber (410) through the outlet.

14. The tritium cladding according to claim 12, characterized in that, The upper sealing plate (1) is provided with an upper extraction air pipe (101) and an upper heat dissipation air pipe (102); one end of the upper extraction air pipe (101) is an air inlet extending to the partition plate (4), and the other end is a closed end extending into the inner cavity (407). Several air outlets are provided between the two ends of the upper extraction air pipe (101). Correspondingly, the air inlet of the upper extraction air pipe (101) is connected to the extraction air inflow cavity (409), and each inner cavity proliferation zone is connected to at least one air outlet of the upper extraction air pipe (101); the upper heat dissipation air pipe (102) is wrapped around the upper sealing plate (1) and is connected to the heat dissipation air inflow cavity (412) and the heat dissipation air outflow cavity (411). The lower sealing plate (2) is provided with a lower extraction air pipe (201) and a lower heat dissipation air pipe (202); one end of the lower extraction air pipe (201) is an air outlet extending to the partition plate (4), and the other end is a closed end extending into the inner cavity (407). Several air inlets are provided between the two ends of the lower extraction air pipe (201). Correspondingly, the air outlet of the lower extraction air pipe (201) is connected to the extraction air outlet cavity (410). Each inner cavity proliferation zone is connected to at least one air inlet of the lower extraction air pipe (201), and the number of air outlets of the upper extraction air pipe (101) connected to the same inner cavity proliferation zone is greater than the number of air inlets of the lower extraction air pipe (201); the lower heat dissipation air pipe (202) is wound around the lower sealing plate (2) and is connected to the heat dissipation air inlet cavity (412) and the heat dissipation air outlet cavity (411). The inner side of the side plate (3) is provided with several middle heat dissipation pipes (301) that surround the side plate (3) and are spaced apart from top to bottom. The air inlet and outlet of the middle heat dissipation pipe (301) are located on both sides of the side plate (3) and are respectively connected to the heat dissipation air inflow cavity (412) and the middle cavity (408). In two adjacent middle heat dissipation pipes (301), the positions of the air inlet and outlet are opposite to form opposing airflow.

15. The tritium cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The proliferation tube (6) includes a heat dissipation airflow channel (601) and a tritium extraction channel; the cladding includes an extraction gas inflow chamber (409), an extraction gas outflow chamber (410), an upper extraction gas pipe (101), a lower extraction gas pipe (201), a heat dissipation gas inflow chamber (412), a heat dissipation gas outflow chamber (411), an upper heat dissipation pipe, a middle heat dissipation pipe, and a lower heat dissipation pipe; The tritium extraction unit consists of an extraction gas inlet chamber (409), an extraction gas outlet chamber (410), an upper extraction gas pipe (101), a lower extraction gas pipe (201), and a tritium extraction channel. The heat dissipation unit consists of an intermediate chamber (408), a heat dissipation gas inlet chamber (412), a heat dissipation gas outlet chamber (411), an upper heat dissipation pipe, a middle heat dissipation pipe, a lower heat dissipation pipe, and a heat dissipation airflow channel (601).

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