Self-adaptive resonance adjusting device and method for through-the-earth transmitting antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless detonating devices. The invention discloses a self-adaptive resonance adjusting device for a through-the-earth transmitting antenna. The self-adaptive resonance adjusting device comprises a through-the-earth antenna; an adjustable capacitor array and an antenna measuring unit are arranged in the tuning capacitance box, the adjustable capacitor array is connected with the through-the-earth antenna and used for achieving continuous adjustment of a capacitance value within an nF-level range so as to tune an electromagnetic wave signal of the through-the-earth antenna, and the antenna measuring unit is arranged at the output end of the adjustable capacitor array and used for measuring the electromagnetic wave signal of the through-the-earth antenna. The impedance sensor is used for measuring the real impedance of a resonant circuit of the through-the-earth antenna to obtain an output end digital signal; an antenna driver and a tuning controller are arranged in the driving cabinet, and the antenna driver is connected with the adjustable capacitor array and used for outputting a radio frequency driving signal to the adjustable capacitor array; the tuning controller is connected with the adjustable capacitor array and the antenna measuring unit and is configured to receive the output end digital signal sent by the antenna measuring unit to the tuning controller and adjust the capacitance of the adjustable capacitor array in response to the output end digital signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless detonation device technology, and more specifically, to an adaptive resonance adjustment device and method for a ground-penetrating transmitting antenna. Background Technology

[0002] Trans-ground communication (TBC) is a special wireless communication technology that enables signals to penetrate the earth's surface for transmission, playing an irreplaceable role in fields such as mine safety and emergency rescue. Its transmitting system typically employs a loop antenna, which must form an LC resonant circuit with a tuning capacitor and operate in a resonant state to effectively couple sufficient energy into the earth's medium.

[0003] The key to achieving antenna resonance lies in precisely adjusting the matching tuning capacitor. However, current tuning methods for ground-penetrating antennas have significant shortcomings. The core problem is that the tuning process heavily relies on manual operation, resulting in low efficiency and insufficient real-time performance.

[0004] Currently, the main tuning method is done manually: First, professional technicians bring external measuring equipment such as network analyzers to the antenna installation site to measure the impedance characteristics of the antenna circuit at a specific operating frequency; then, based on the measurement results, the technicians manually adjust the capacitance value of the tuning capacitor based on their experience, and repeatedly measure and adjust until the antenna circuit reaches or approaches the resonance state.

[0005] This artificial tuning method has the following inherent drawbacks: The process is cumbersome and slow to respond: The complete "measurement-judgment-adjustment-remeasurement" process is entirely done manually, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, making it impossible to achieve a rapid response. When the antenna's resonant point drifts due to environmental factors (such as changes in temperature and humidity), it is difficult to track and retune in real time, affecting the continuous stability of the communication system.

[0006] High level of expertise required, low efficiency: The accuracy and speed of tuning are highly dependent on the operator's skill level and experience; different technicians may produce significantly different tuning results. This makes tuning difficult to standardize, resulting in overall low efficiency and hindering large-scale field applications.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the field for an adaptive resonance adjustment device and method for ground-penetrating transmitting antennas to overcome the dependence on manual operation and fundamentally improve the efficiency and real-time performance of ground-penetrating antenna tuning. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The main objective of this application is to provide an adaptive resonance adjustment device and method for ground-penetrating transmitting antennas, so as to solve the technical problem of dependence on manual operation.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of this application proposes an adaptive resonance adjustment device for a ground-penetrating transmitting antenna, comprising: Ground-penetrating antenna; The tuning capacitor box contains an adjustable capacitor array and an antenna measurement unit. The adjustable capacitor array is connected to the ground-penetrating antenna to achieve continuous adjustment of the capacitance value in the nF range, so as to tune the electromagnetic wave signal of the ground-penetrating antenna. The antenna measurement unit is set at the output end of the adjustable capacitor array to measure the true impedance of the resonant circuit of the ground-penetrating antenna in order to obtain the digital signal at the output end. The drive cabinet houses the antenna driver and tuning controller. The antenna driver is connected to the adjustable capacitor array and is used to output a radio frequency drive signal to the adjustable capacitor array; The tuning controller is connected to both the adjustable capacitor array and the antenna measurement unit, and is configured as follows: The system receives the output digital signal sent to it by the antenna measurement unit and adjusts the capacitance of the adjustable capacitor array in response to the output digital signal.

[0010] In some feasible embodiments, the ground-penetrating antenna is a loop antenna.

[0011] In some feasible embodiments, the adjustable capacitor array includes multiple small high-voltage capacitors, which are combined in series and parallel using an adjustable capacitor array architecture.

[0012] In some possible implementations, the adjustable capacitor array is continuously adjusted in nF increments of 0.1nF.

[0013] In some feasible embodiments, the switching device for the tuning capacitor of the adjustable capacitor array employs a non-mechanical contact method.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the antenna measurement unit is also connected to the input terminal of the adjustable capacitor array connected to the antenna driver, for measuring the radio frequency drive signal output by the antenna driver to obtain the input digital signal of the antenna driver output state.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the tuning controller is further configured to: The system receives the input digital signal sent to it by the antenna measurement unit, determines the reflected power or standing wave ratio based on the input digital signal, and confirms whether the capacitor adjustment is effective based on the change in the reflected power or the standing wave ratio in response to the capacitor adjustment of the adjustable capacitor array.

[0016] In some feasible embodiments, the characteristic feature is that both the external wiring points of the tuning capacitor box and the drive cabinet are provided with waterproof structures.

[0017] Secondly, this application provides an adaptive resonance adjustment method for a ground-penetrating transmitting antenna, applied to the aforementioned adaptive resonance adjustment device for a ground-penetrating transmitting antenna, comprising: Start the antenna driver; The operating parameters of the ground-penetrating antenna are sent to the tunable capacitor array using a tuning controller. Using an antenna measurement unit, the input and output terminals of the adjustable capacitor array are measured to obtain the input digital signal and the output digital signal. The input terminal represents the input terminal of the adjustable capacitor array relative to the antenna driver, the input digital signal represents the radio frequency drive signal, and the output digital signal represents the true impedance of the resonant circuit. The tuning controller responds to the input digital signal and the output digital signal by issuing initial execution parameters to the adjustable capacitor array; The antenna measurement unit measures the parameters of the ground-penetrating antenna after it is connected to the initial execution parameters, and obtains the input digital signal and output digital signal corresponding to the ground-penetrating antenna parameters. The tuning controller responds to the input and output digital signals corresponding to the parameters of the ground-penetrating antenna and issues the current execution parameters to the adjustable capacitor array. If the current execution parameters issued by the adjustable capacitor array meet the requirements of the ground-penetrating antenna adjustment state, the ground-penetrating antenna tuning is completed; otherwise, the ground-penetrating antenna parameters after the ground-penetrating antenna is connected to the current execution parameters are measured using the antenna measurement unit and sent to the tuning controller.

[0018] In some implementable embodiments, the step of the tuning controller issuing initial execution parameters to the adjustable capacitor array in response to the input digital signal and the output digital signal includes: The tuning controller calculates a first capacitor adjustment command based on the digital signal at the output terminal to make the resonant circuit of the ground-penetrating antenna reach a resonant state. The tuning controller calculates at least one of the reflected power and standing wave ratio based on the input digital signal, and performs a safety assessment and correction on the first capacitor adjustment command based on the calculation result, generating a second capacitor adjustment command containing safety constraints. The tuning controller sends the second capacitor adjustment command as the initial execution parameter to the adjustable capacitor array.

[0019] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application may include the following beneficial effects: In this application, an adaptive resonance adjustment device for a ground-penetrating transmitting antenna solves the aforementioned problems by constructing a closed-loop tuning system. Specifically, the antenna measurement unit integrated within the tuning capacitor box automatically and in real-time measures the true impedance of the ground-penetrating antenna resonant circuit and sends it as an output digital signal to the tuning controller within the drive cabinet. Upon receiving this signal, the tuning controller analyzes and processes it, and accordingly issues control commands to drive the adjustable capacitor array to continuously adjust its capacitance value until the antenna reaches resonance. This technical solution replaces manual on-site measurement with automatic measurement by the antenna measurement unit, and replaces manual judgment and operation with automatic control by the tuning controller, thus completely eliminating reliance on professional personnel and their on-site operation. It automates the tuning process and fundamentally solves the problems of low efficiency and poor real-time performance caused by reliance on manual labor in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the application and to make other features, objects, and advantages of the application more apparent. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation of the application. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an adaptive resonance adjustment device for a ground-penetrating transmitting antenna provided in this application; Figure 2 A flowchart of an adaptive resonance adjustment method for a ground-penetrating transmitting antenna provided in this application; Figure 3 A logic diagram of an adaptive resonance adjustment method for a ground-penetrating transmitting antenna provided in this application. Detailed Implementation To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0022] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0023] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," "linked," and "socketing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] Trans-ground communication (TBC) is a special wireless communication technology whose electromagnetic waves can penetrate media such as strata and rock layers to enable information transmission between the ground and underground (such as mines, tunnels, and civil defense projects) or underground spaces. This technology plays an irreplaceable and important role in fields such as mine safety production, emergency rescue, and underground infrastructure maintenance.

[0026] Currently, the tuning method for ground-penetrating transmitting antennas mainly involves adjusting the antenna tuning capacitor to achieve a tuning state. Typical solutions include manual tuning, suitable for small-sized antennas. Some solutions employ a motor-driven air variable capacitor tuning system, reducing reliance on manual labor. However, this method requires a large, fixed high-voltage air variable capacitor cabinet and a large electric actuator for coordinated operation, making it suitable for tuning large, fixed antennas.

[0027] The existing technology has the following shortcomings: Poor real-time performance and adaptability, and low antenna tuning efficiency: Manual measurement and tuning techniques rely on professionals using external instruments and equipment to measure the impedance characteristics of the antenna on-site, and manually adjust the tuning capacitor to bring the transmitting antenna into a tuning state. This process results in slow response speed, insufficient real-time performance, and low efficiency in the antenna tuning process.

[0028] Poor adaptability to industrial and mining environments: Manual measurement and tuning techniques for transmitting antennas heavily rely on the measurement skills of specialized technicians. High-precision measurements can accurately bring the antenna to or near its tuning state. However, in industrial and mining sites, engineers often lack the necessary measuring equipment for antenna measurements, and even when they can, the accuracy is low, making antenna tuning very difficult. Furthermore, the environment in industrial and mining sites often hinders the use of external measuring instruments, further increasing the difficulty of antenna tuning.

[0029] Complex and bulky structure, lacking mobility: The antenna tuning system based on a motor-driven air variable capacitor is a "closed-loop" automatic control system. It requires an antenna parameter measurement system as the "feedback" of the system, and a large fixed high-voltage air variable capacitor cabinet and a large electric actuator as the "actuator" of the system. This system is suitable for fixed large antenna tuning application scenarios. Due to physical limitations, the applicable nF-level high-voltage air variable capacitor is huge. Adjusting this capacitor must be done by a motor actuator, which is complex in structure, huge in size, and completely unable to move, with no mobility at all.

[0030] In view of this, this application proposes an adaptive resonance adjustment device and method for ground-penetrating transmitting antennas to overcome the following shortcomings of the prior art: 1. Improve the real-time performance and adaptability of antenna tuning: Compared with manual measurement and adjustment methods and antenna tuning systems based on motor-driven air variable capacitors, this application uses a small high-voltage capacitor array to form a continuously adjustable capacitor array. At the same time, the switching device of the tuning capacitor adopts a non-mechanical contact method, which enables the adjustable capacitor to have fast response performance. In addition, the coordinated cooperation between the tuning controller and the antenna measurement device makes the transmitting antenna tuning of this application real-time and adaptive.

[0031] 2. Enhance adaptability to adverse environments: The adjustable capacitor array and antenna measurement unit described in this invention are arranged inside a tuning capacitor box, which has a dustproof and waterproof rating of IP65 or higher. Tuning of the adjustable capacitors is automated, requiring no manual intervention. Multiple parameter measurements of the ground-penetrating antenna are performed by a highly integrated antenna measurement unit, eliminating the need for external field equipment. The cable interfaces between the tuning capacitor box and the ground-penetrating antenna, and between the tuning capacitor box and the drive cabinet, have a dustproof and waterproof rating of IP65 or higher, ensuring stable and reliable cable connections between the tuning capacitor box and the ground-penetrating antenna, and between the tuning capacitor box and the drive cabinet, thus ensuring smooth electrical connections between all systems.

[0032] 3. A miniaturized new architecture significantly improves portability: Compared to the two antenna tuning methods mentioned above, which are based on motor-driven air variable capacitors, this application uses an adjustable capacitor array architecture within the tuning capacitor box. The selected capacitors are high-voltage and high-current-resistance polymer materials. To achieve continuous adjustability of the adjustable capacitor array, the capacitor electrical connections are constructed using a series-parallel combination. An algorithm controls the electronic switches to achieve continuous adjustment of the capacitor array capacitance value within the nF range. The aforementioned adjustable capacitor array and antenna measurement unit are all encapsulated within the tuning capacitor box. Its small size allows for easy assembly, disassembly, and transportation by a single person. This application improves the mobility of the ground-penetrating transmitting antenna tuning system, facilitating deployment and transportation in the field.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides an adaptive resonance adjustment device and method for a ground-penetrating transmitting antenna, including a ground-penetrating antenna, a tuning capacitor box, and a drive cabinet.

[0034] Among them, the ground-penetrating antenna is used to generate magnetic wave signals that penetrate media such as strata and rock layers to realize information transmission between the ground and underground (such as mines, tunnels, and civil defense projects) or underground spaces. Preferably, the ground-penetrating antenna is a loop antenna.

[0035] The tuning capacitor box contains an adjustable capacitor array and an antenna measurement unit.

[0036] The adjustable capacitor array is connected to the ground-penetrating antenna to achieve continuous adjustment of the capacitance value within the nF range, so as to tune the electromagnetic wave signal of the ground-penetrating antenna. The antenna measurement unit is set at the output end of the adjustable capacitor array to measure the true impedance of the resonant circuit of the ground-penetrating antenna to obtain the digital signal at the output end.

[0037] The drive cabinet contains antenna drivers and tuning controllers.

[0038] The antenna driver is connected to the adjustable capacitor array and is used to output a radio frequency drive signal to the adjustable capacitor array. The tuning controller is connected to the adjustable capacitor array and the antenna measurement unit respectively, and is configured to receive the output digital signal sent to it by the antenna measurement unit, and adjust the capacitance of the adjustable capacitor array in response to the output digital signal.

[0039] Specifically, the adjustable capacitor array includes multiple small high-voltage capacitors, which are combined in series and parallel using an adjustable capacitor array architecture. The small high-voltage capacitors are preferably made of high-voltage and high-current-resistance polymer materials to meet the requirements of high-power applications in through-ground communication. These small high-voltage capacitors are existing capacitors, and this application does not improve their structure.

[0040] Preferably, the adjustable capacitor array allows for continuous adjustment of capacitance values ​​in nF increments of 0.1nF. In other words, to achieve continuous adjustment of capacitance values ​​within the nF range, these basic small high-voltage capacitors are combined using an adjustable capacitor array architecture. The core of this architecture is a series-parallel circuit topology. Multiple basic small high-voltage capacitors are connected in parallel to increase the capacitance value, and then connected in series to improve the overall voltage withstand level, thus constructing a basic capacitor set that covers the target capacitance value and voltage withstand requirements.

[0041] More specifically, the antenna measurement unit is also connected to the input terminal of the adjustable capacitor array connected to the antenna driver, and is used to measure the radio frequency drive signal output by the antenna driver in order to obtain the input digital signal of the output state of the antenna driver.

[0042] It should be noted that, when the antenna measurement unit is also connected to the input terminal of the adjustable capacitor array connected to the antenna driver, the tuning controller is further configured to: The system receives the input digital signal sent to it by the antenna measurement unit, determines the reflected power or standing wave ratio based on the input digital signal, and confirms whether the capacitor adjustment is effective based on the change in the reflected power or the standing wave ratio in response to the capacitor adjustment of the adjustable capacitor array.

[0043] For example, the adjustable capacitor array employs a series-parallel combined architecture, designed to simultaneously meet the dual requirements of continuously adjustable capacitance and withstand high operating voltages. A specific example of its configuration is as follows: Construction of basic units (parallel connection to increase capacitance value): First, connect multiple small high-voltage capacitors (for example, four polymer material capacitors with a capacitance of 0.4nF and a voltage rating of V) in parallel to form a capacitor bank. The equivalent capacitance of this capacitor bank is 1.6nF, and the voltage rating remains V.

[0044] Array expansion (series-connected voltage boosting): Then, multiple capacitor groups (e.g., four capacitor groups with an equivalent capacitance of 1.6nF) are connected in series to form a complete capacitor array. The equivalent capacitance of this array is 1.6nF / 4 = 0.4nF, while the overall voltage rating is increased to 4V.

[0045] Achieving adjustability (electronic switch network): To achieve adjustable capacitance, a high-speed electronic switch (such as a MOSFET) driven by the tuning controller is connected in series with each small high-voltage capacitor. By controlling the on and off states of these switches, the number of capacitors connected in the parallel group can be dynamically changed, thereby altering the equivalent capacitance of the capacitor bank.

[0046] Adjustment example If the switches corresponding to the four small high-voltage capacitors in a capacitor bank are all turned off, the capacitor bank is disconnected from the circuit.

[0047] If only one switch is turned on, the equivalent capacitance of the capacitor bank is 0.4nF.

[0048] If all four switches are turned on, the equivalent capacitance of the capacitor bank is 1.6nF.

[0049] Since the four capacitor banks are connected in series, the final equivalent capacitance value of the entire array is determined by the equivalent capacitance values ​​of each capacitor bank, allowing switching between multiple discrete values. Fine-grained step-by-step adjustment can be achieved by optimizing the capacitance value of the base capacitors (e.g., using binary weighting).

[0050] It should be noted that the switching device for the tuning capacitors in the adjustable capacitor array employs a non-mechanical contact method. Each basic capacitor or capacitor group is connected in series with an electronic switch (such as a MOSFET or solid-state relay) driven by the tuning controller. The tuning controller controls the on and off of these electronic switches through an algorithm, thereby dynamically connecting or disconnecting different combinations of basic capacitors from the antenna resonant circuit. By configuring the capacitance values ​​of the basic capacitors using binary weighting (such as 0.1nF, 0.2nF, 0.4nF...), the array can synthesize the required equivalent capacitance in fine steps (such as 0.1nF), achieving continuous adjustability.

[0051] For example, the tuning controller, by controlling the on and off of the electronic switch through an algorithm, can be configured as follows: In step S1, the tuning controller first sets the adjustable capacitor array to a preset safe initial capacitance value (such as the intermediate value or the minimum value). Then, the tuning controller synchronously reads the reflected power (or standing wave ratio) at the input of the adjustable capacitor array and the loop current at the output of the adjustable capacitor array (this current value reflects the true impedance characteristics of the antenna loop) through the antenna measurement unit.

[0052] In step S2, the tuning controller sequentially changes the electronic switch combination of the adjustable capacitor array according to a predetermined scanning strategy (e.g., from the minimum capacitance value to the maximum capacitance value, or the bisection method, the golden section method, etc.), thereby adjusting the capacitance value of the adjustable capacitor array in a stepwise manner.

[0053] The adjustable capacitor array and its associated electronic switch network are integrated and packaged within a miniaturized tuning capacitor box. This integrated packaging design, combined with the non-mechanical, fast-response characteristics of the electronic switches, makes the component compact, robust, and reliable, achieving the core benefits of miniaturization, portability, and rapid adaptive tuning.

[0054] In one embodiment, both the external wiring points of the tuning capacitor box and the drive cabinet are equipped with waterproof structures.

[0055] Specifically, the cable interface between the tuning capacitor box and the ground-penetrating antenna, as well as the cable interface between the tuning capacitor box and the drive cabinet, all use industrial connectors with an IP65 or higher protection rating, and are equipped with sealing waterproof rings to ensure airtightness. Example

[0056] This application provides an adaptive resonance adjustment device for a ground-penetrating transmitting antenna, mainly comprising an adjustable capacitor array and an antenna measurement unit within a tuning capacitor box, a tuning controller and an antenna driver within a drive cabinet, and connecting cables between the tuning capacitor box, the antenna, and the drive cabinet. The adjustable capacitor array has an antenna driver input terminal and a ground-penetrating antenna output terminal. The antenna measurement unit has sensors installed at both the antenna driver input terminal and the ground-penetrating antenna output terminal of the adjustable capacitor array. The tuning controller within the drive cabinet is mainly connected to the antenna measurement unit and the adjustable capacitor array within the tuning capacitor box via a cable between the tuning capacitor box and the drive cabinet. The ground-penetrating antenna is mainly connected to the adjustable capacitor array within the tuning capacitor box and the measurement sensors of the antenna measurement unit via a cable between the tuning capacitor box and the ground-penetrating antenna.

[0057] The technical principle of this application is as follows: This application requires the ground-penetrating transmitting antenna to be erected on-site. Each ground-penetrating antenna needs to be equipped with a tuning capacitor box, which is connected to the drive cabinet. To activate the adaptive resonance adjustment device of the ground-penetrating antenna, the drive cabinet must first be powered on, and the initialization parameters of the transmitting antenna must be input. After the initialization parameters are input, the ground-penetrating antenna automatically enters the adaptive tuning state until tuning is complete. The tuning state of the ground-penetrating antenna ensures that the transmitting antenna's transmission power remains at maximum, ensuring smooth ground-penetrating communication.

[0058] Because ground-penetrating antennas operate in the low-frequency band, their compact configuration, designed for small size and portability, results in high inductance and Q values. Therefore, the tuning capacitors matched with these antennas must possess both large capacitance and high voltage withstand capability. Consequently, the adjustable capacitor array in this application uses polymer capacitors with moderate volume. To accommodate the transient high voltage during antenna tuning, individual capacitors must withstand voltages in the kV range. Simultaneously, the capacitor bank employs a series-parallel electrical connection to ensure the adjustable capacitor array can withstand kV voltages while achieving continuous nF-level capacitance adjustment in 0.1nF steps, ensuring the ground-penetrating antenna approaches the tuning state as closely as possible.

[0059] The control of the adjustable capacitor array of the ground-penetrating antenna is accomplished collaboratively by the tuning controller in the drive cabinet and the antenna measurement unit in the tuning capacitor box. The tuning controller in the drive cabinet can receive measurement data from the antenna measurement unit in the tuning capacitor box and can send capacitor configuration commands to the adjustable capacitor array. The antenna measurement unit in the tuning capacitor box can measure the antenna parameters before and after the ground-penetrating antenna is connected to the adjustable capacitor array, and synchronously convert these two types of antenna parameters into digital signals, which are then sent to the tuning controller in the drive cabinet.

[0060] In summary, the adaptive resonance adjustment device for a ground-penetrating transmitting antenna, consisting of a tuning controller, an antenna measurement unit, and an adjustable capacitor array, forms a control closed loop. Based on this adaptive resonance adjustment device for a ground-penetrating transmitting antenna, adaptive resonance tuning of the ground-penetrating antenna is realized.

[0061] In summary, this application provides an adaptive resonance adjustment device for a ground-penetrating transmitting antenna, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. Effectively improves the real-time performance and adaptability of ground-penetrating antenna tuning. After inputting the operating parameters into the transmitting system, the tuning process of the ground-penetrating antenna can be completed automatically; After each tuning configuration of the ground-penetrating antenna is completed, the antenna measurement unit will enter the measurement state. After multiple automatic tunings, the optimal tuning state of the ground-penetrating antenna circuit is found and the automatic tuning is completed, and then the signal transmission standby can be entered.

[0062] 2. Adaptability to harsh environments has been greatly improved: The measurement of antenna parameters and the adjustment of tuning capacitors are automated, eliminating the need for on-site manual intervention and other external measuring equipment.

[0063] All parts and connecting devices of the adaptive resonance adjustment device used for ground-penetrating transmitting antennas have a high dustproof and waterproof rating, and can work normally in the harsh environment of the engineering site.

[0064] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in a second aspect, this application provides an adaptive resonance adjustment method for a ground-penetrating transmitting antenna, applied to the aforementioned adaptive resonance adjustment device for a ground-penetrating transmitting antenna, comprising: S100, Start antenna driver; S200 uses a tuning controller to send the operating parameters of the ground-penetrating antenna to the tunable capacitor array. Step S200 is an initialization process. S300, using the antenna measurement unit, measures the input and output terminals of the adjustable capacitor array to obtain the input digital signal and the output digital signal, wherein the input terminal represents the input terminal of the adjustable capacitor array relative to the antenna driver, the input digital signal represents the radio frequency drive signal, and the output digital signal represents the true impedance of the resonant circuit; S400, the tuning controller, in response to the input digital signal and the output digital signal, issues initial execution parameters to the adjustable capacitor array; S500, the antenna measurement unit measures the parameters of the ground-penetrating antenna after it is connected to the initial execution parameters, and obtains the input digital signal and output digital signal corresponding to the ground-penetrating antenna parameters; S600, the tuning controller responds to the input digital signal and output digital signal corresponding to the ground-penetrating antenna parameters and issues the current execution parameters to the adjustable capacitor array; S700, if the current execution parameters issued by the adjustable capacitor array meet the requirements of the ground-penetrating antenna adjustment state, the ground-penetrating antenna tuning is completed; otherwise, the ground-penetrating antenna parameters after the ground-penetrating antenna is connected to the current execution parameters are measured again using the antenna measurement unit and sent to the tuning controller.

[0065] In one embodiment, step S400, the step of the tuning controller issuing initial execution parameters to the adjustable capacitor array in response to the input digital signal and the output digital signal, includes: S401, the tuning controller calculates a first capacitor adjustment command based on the output digital signal to make the resonant circuit of the ground-penetrating antenna reach a resonant state.

[0066] Specifically, the tuning controller receives and processes the digital signal from the output of the antenna measurement unit. This digital signal contains parameters characterizing the true impedance of the ground-penetrating antenna resonant circuit (such as the magnitude and phase angle of the impedance, or the directly calculated resistance component R and reactance component X). The goal of the tuning controller is to find a state in which the antenna circuit exhibits pure resistivity (i.e., the reactance component X is zero) and the resistance component R approaches the ideal value.

[0067] The tuning controller internally stores or calculates the inductive reactance characteristics of the antenna circuit in real time. It determines whether the circuit is inductive or capacitive by comparing the total reactance value (the sum of inductive and capacitive reactance) calculated from the current output digital signal with the deviation from the zero point.

[0068] If the total reactance is inductive, the tuning controller determines that the capacitance of the adjustable capacitor array needs to be increased for compensation; if it is capacitive, the capacitance needs to be decreased. Based on the magnitude of the reactance deviation, the tuning controller uses an internal control algorithm (such as gradient descent) to calculate the target capacitance value required to bring the reactance to zero. This calculation instruction is the first capacitance adjustment instruction.

[0069] S402, the tuning controller calculates at least one of the reflected power and standing wave ratio based on the input digital signal, and performs a safety assessment and correction on the first capacitor adjustment command based on the calculation result, generating a second capacitor adjustment command containing safety constraints.

[0070] Specifically, the tuning controller synchronously receives and processes the input digital signal, which contains amplitude and phase information of the incident and reflected waves. Based on this, the tuning controller calculates key safety parameters such as the reflection coefficient, reflected power, or standing wave ratio.

[0071] It's important to note that reflection coefficient and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) are key physical quantities for evaluating the impedance matching status of an RF system. The magnitude of the reflection coefficient directly reflects the amount of energy reflected back from the load end (i.e., the resonant circuit composed of the adjustable capacitor array and the ground-penetrating antenna); the smaller the value, the better the matching between the resonant circuit and the preceding circuitry (such as the antenna driver), and the less energy is reflected. VSWR is a commonly used indicator to measure this mismatch, and it is positively correlated with the magnitude of the reflection coefficient. A VSWR value greater than or equal to 1, and the closer the value is to 1, the more ideal the impedance matching between the load impedance and the transmission line, the higher the energy transmission efficiency, and the lower the reflected power. Therefore, by monitoring the VSWR, the tuning controller can effectively assess the current matching status and operational safety.

[0072] S403, the tuning controller sends the second capacitor adjustment command as the initial execution parameter to the adjustable capacitor array.

[0073] Specifically, the tuning controller uses the generated second capacitor adjustment command as the initial execution parameter, converts it into a specific logic level signal through the drive circuit, and sends it to the control terminal of the electronic switches (such as MOSFETs) of the adjustable capacitor array. The combination of turning these switches on and off adjusts the equivalent capacitance value of the adjustable capacitor array to the value specified by the second capacitor adjustment command, thereby ensuring system safety while pursuing resonance. Furthermore, during repeated adjustments, the tuning controller responds to the input and output digital signals corresponding to the ground-penetrating antenna parameters, issuing current execution parameters to the adjustable capacitor array, rather than the initial execution parameters.

[0074] It should be noted that the description of an adaptive resonance adjustment method for a ground-penetrating transmitting antenna can be found in the description of an adaptive resonance adjustment device for a ground-penetrating transmitting antenna, and will not be repeated here.

[0075] In one embodiment, the initial execution parameters directly affect the convergence speed and system stability of the tuning; however, currently, the initial execution parameters are mostly based on experience or preset values. Therefore, for step S400, the following is also included: The initial parameters are obtained by acquiring the output digital signal and the input digital signal, as well as the environmental parameters. The environmental parameters include temperature and humidity, which can be collected by temperature and humidity sensors. The placement of the temperature and humidity sensors can be set as needed.

[0076] The initial parameters are input into the lightweight target inference model to obtain the target initial parameters; The tuning controller sends the target initial parameters to the adjustable capacitor array.

[0077] It should be noted that the target inference model can employ lightweight frameworks such as TensorFlow Lite to ensure efficient operation within the tuning controller. Furthermore, the target inference model includes a hybrid architecture combining supervised learning and reinforcement learning. The supervised learning part uses gradient boosting trees or neural networks to establish a mapping relationship from features to the optimal capacitance value, while the reinforcement learning part models the tuning process as a Markov decision process using the Q-learning algorithm, optimizing the tuning strategy with minimizing reflection power as the reward function. In other words, the supervised learning part is responsible for the accurate prediction of the capacitance value, while the reinforcement learning part optimizes the long-term tuning strategy.

[0078] Specifically, a number of complete tuning records are extracted from historical operating data, such as 1000 sets of complete tuning records. Each set contains all historical training parameters that will affect the result during the tuning process, as well as fields such as the final optimal capacitance value. Next, feature extraction is performed on the historical training parameters, and the model is trained. It should be noted that conventional training methods are used for model training, and this application does not impose any limitations.

[0079] After training, a target inference model is obtained. The current initial parameters are input into the lightweight target inference model. The target inference model then infers the most suitable target initial parameters, which represent the optimal solution closest to or equivalent to the current initial parameters. Next, the target initial parameters are converted into instructions and sent to the adjustable capacitor array. The adjustable capacitor array then adjusts its capacitors according to the target initial parameters. This way, even if the current capacitor adjustment is not optimal in the actual environment, the optimal capacitor adjustment parameters can be quickly locked in subsequent capacitor adjustments. The lightweight target inference model refers to converting the trained model into TensorFlow Lite (TensorFlow Lite is an open-source deep learning inference framework developed by Google for embedded and mobile devices. Its core function is to convert trained TensorFlow models into a lightweight format, enabling them to run efficiently on devices with limited computing resources, memory, and power consumption) format and encapsulating it as an inference module for the tuning controller. This application does not limit the design of API interface specifications for the inference module, defining input data formats and output instruction protocols, or other common operations.

[0080] The above method enables rapid tuning convergence, allowing the ground-penetrating antenna to stabilize at the fastest speed.

[0081] Furthermore, once the ground-penetrating antenna has stabilized, if environmental parameter changes exceed or equal to a set threshold, the weight of the environmental parameters is increased, and then the target inference model is used to infer the initial parameters of the current target. These initial parameters are then used to adjust the adjustable capacitor array. This is particularly suitable for areas with significant diurnal temperature variations, such as in the field.

[0082] For example, in the input feature preprocessing stage of the target inference model, when the change of environmental parameters exceeds a set threshold (such as temperature change ≥5°C or humidity change ≥20%), the system dynamically adjusts the weight of environmental parameters in the feature vector.

[0083] It should be noted that when training the target inference model, the features are divided into two parts: environmental parameters and non-environmental parameters. Training of these two parts of features occurs simultaneously with the normal training of the target inference model. In other words, training the target inference model includes two types of inference: one uses multiple parameters and assigns weights, and the second is a partitioned weighted inference mode, which assigns dynamic weights to two feature subsets (one for environmental parameters and the other for non-environmental parameters). The advantage of this approach is that it creates two inference modes. The first standard mode comprehensively considers all parameter features during initial tuning and achieves rapid convergence through complete weight allocation. However, after convergence, the impact on the adjustable capacitor array mainly falls on the environmental parameters. Therefore, the second partitioned weighted mode is specifically designed for sudden environmental changes after stable operation, dividing the feature vector into two subsets: environmental parameters and non-environmental parameters. In this way, when the environment changes abruptly, it is equivalent to calculating only two parameters and their corresponding weights, which can significantly improve computing power. When the change in environmental parameters exceeds a threshold, such as 5°C, the system starts a split-processing mode: the environmental parameters are calculated in real time through a lightweight target inference model and given a higher weight, such as changing from 0.3 to 0.7. For changes in weights, a table corresponding to changes in environmental parameters and weights can be pre-set based on experience. When the environmental parameters change, the table can be consulted to find out how much the weights should be adjusted. Non-environmental parameters directly call the cached value of the previous stable state, and only perform minor compensation in the correction stage.

[0084] For example, a mine's underground communication system operates at night, with the ambient temperature continuously decreasing from 25°C in the evening. The system's preset temperature change threshold is 5°C, and the weighting adjustment rule is as follows: for every 5°C change in temperature, the weight of environmental parameters increases by 0.2, up to a maximum of 0.8. Initially, the weight of environmental parameters is 0.3, and the weight of non-environmental parameters is 0.7.

[0085] As the temperature begins to drop from 25℃, the system continuously monitors temperature changes. When the temperature drops to 20℃ (a change of 5℃), the system triggers its first tuning adjustment. At this point, the weight table is consulted, and the environmental parameter weight increases from 0.3 to 0.5. The system then initiates a branched calculation mode: the current temperature value of 20℃ is input into the lightweight inference model, which determines that the capacitor needs to be increased by 1.2nF; simultaneously, the non-environmental parameter cache value is retrieved, and calculations show a need for a fine-tuning of 0.3nF. Based on the weight allocation, the final capacitor adjustment is (1.2 × 0.5 + 0.3 × 0.5) = 0.75nF.

[0086] As the temperature continued to drop, reaching 15℃ (a total change of 10℃), the system responded again. The environmental parameter weight was further increased to 0.7. The lightweight model calculated, based on the current temperature of 15℃, that an additional 1.5nF of capacitor was needed, with a minor adjustment of 0.2nF for non-environmental parameters. The total adjustment amount was (1.5 × 0.7 + 0.2 × 0.3) = 1.11nF. This process demonstrates the system's gradual adjustment strategy, ensuring timely response while avoiding over-adjustment.

[0087] This graded response mechanism ensures that the system remains in optimal condition throughout the entire process of the temperature dropping from 25°C to 10°C.

[0088] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0089] like Figure 3 As shown, in Figure 3In the process, the antenna driver is activated, and the tuning controller transmits antenna operating parameters to the tunable capacitor array. Next, the antenna measurement unit measures the antenna parameters. Using the measured antenna parameters, the tuning controller provides the initial execution parameters for the tunable capacitor array and sends them to the array. Subsequently, the antenna measurement unit measures the antenna parameters after the tuning capacitor (the capacitor in the tunable capacitor array) is connected to the antenna. The tuning controller responds to the input and output digital signals corresponding to the antenna parameters and provides the execution parameters for the tunable capacitor array. Once the antenna tuning state is determined, the antenna tuning is complete; otherwise, the antenna measurement unit remeasures the antenna parameters after the tuning capacitor is connected. Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that the various units or steps described above can be implemented using general-purpose computing devices. They can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. Optionally, they can be implemented using computer-executable program code, thus allowing them to be stored in a storage device for execution by the computing device, or they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, this application is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0090] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An adaptive resonance adjustment device for a ground penetrating transmit antenna, characterized by, The application relates to a self-adaptive resonance adjustment device for a through-the-earth transmitting antenna. The device comprises a through-the-earth antenna, a tuning capacitor box, a driving cabinet and a waterproof structure. The tuning capacitor box is internally provided with an adjustable capacitor array and an antenna measurement unit, wherein the adjustable capacitor array is connected with the through-the-earth antenna and is used for realizing continuous adjustment of a capacitor value in the range of nF level so as to tune an electromagnetic wave signal of the through-the-earth antenna; the antenna measurement unit is arranged at an output end of the adjustable capacitor array and is used for measuring real impedance of a resonance loop of the through-the-earth antenna to obtain an output end digital signal. The driving cabinet is internally provided with an antenna driver and a tuning controller, wherein the antenna driver is connected with the adjustable capacitor array and is used for outputting a radio frequency driving signal to the adjustable capacitor array; the tuning controller is connected with the adjustable capacitor array and the antenna measurement unit respectively and is configured to receive the output end digital signal sent by the antenna measurement unit and to adjust the capacitor of the adjustable capacitor array in response to the output end digital signal. The through-the-earth antenna is a loop antenna. The adjustable capacitor array comprises a plurality of small high-voltage-resistant capacitors which are combined in a way of series-parallel connection by using an adjustable capacitor array architecture. The adjustable capacitor array is continuously adjusted in the range of nF level with a step of 0.1 nF. The switching device of the tuning capacitor of the adjustable capacitor array adopts a non-mechanical contact mode.

2. The adaptive resonance adjustment apparatus for a ground penetrating transmit antenna of claim 1, wherein, The antenna measurement unit is also connected with an input end of the adjustable capacitor array and the antenna driver and is used for measuring the radio frequency driving signal output by the antenna driver to obtain an input end digital signal of an output state of the antenna driver.

3. The adaptive resonance adjustment apparatus for a ground penetrating transmit antenna of claim 1, wherein, The tuning controller is also configured to receive the input end digital signal sent by the antenna measurement unit, to determine reflected power or a standing wave ratio according to the input end digital signal, and to confirm whether the capacitor adjustment of the adjustable capacitor array is effective according to changes of the reflected power or the standing wave ratio in response to the capacitor adjustment.

4. The adaptive resonance adjustment apparatus for a ground penetrating transmit antenna of claim 3, wherein, The waterproof structure is arranged at external wiring positions of the tuning capacitor box and the driving cabinet.

5. The adaptive resonance adjustment apparatus for a ground penetrating transmit antenna of claim 1, wherein, The application is applied to the self-adaptive resonance adjustment device for the through-the-earth transmitting antenna and comprises the following steps.

6. The adaptive resonance adjustment apparatus for a ground penetrating transmit antenna of claim 1, wherein, An antenna driver is started.

7. The adaptive resonance adjustment apparatus for a ground penetrating transmit antenna of claim 6, wherein, A tuning controller is used to send operation parameters of a through-the-earth antenna to an adjustable capacitor array. An antenna measurement unit is used to measure input and output ends of the adjustable capacitor array to obtain input end digital signals and output end digital signals, wherein the input end represents an input end of the adjustable capacitor array relative to the antenna driver, the input end digital signals represent radio frequency driving signals, and the output end digital signals represent real impedance of a resonance loop.

8. The adaptive resonance adjustment apparatus for a through-the-earth transmitting antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein The tuning controller responds to the input end digital signals and the output end digital signals to send initial execution parameters to the adjustable capacitor array.

9. A method for adaptive resonance adjustment of a ground penetrating transmit antenna, characterized by, The antenna measurement unit measures through-the-earth antenna parameters of the through-the-earth antenna after the through-the-earth antenna is connected to the initial execution parameters to obtain input end digital signals and output end digital signals corresponding to the through-the-earth antenna parameters. The application has the advantages that the through-the-earth antenna is connected with the adjustable capacitor array, the antenna measurement unit and the antenna driver, the antenna driver is connected with the adjustable capacitor array and is used for outputting the radio frequency driving signal to the adjustable capacitor array, the tuning controller is connected with the adjustable capacitor array and the antenna measurement unit respectively and is configured to receive the output end digital signal sent by the antenna measurement unit and to adjust the capacitor of the adjustable capacitor array in response to the output end digital signal, the antenna measurement unit is also connected with the input end of the adjustable capacitor array and the antenna driver and is used for measuring the radio frequency driving signal output by the antenna driver to obtain the input end digital signal of the output state of the antenna driver, the tuning controller is also configured to receive the input end digital signal sent by the antenna measurement unit, to determine the reflected power or the standing wave ratio according to the input end digital signal, and to confirm whether the capacitor adjustment of the adjustable capacitor array is effective according to changes of the reflected power or the standing wave ratio in response to the capacitor adjustment, and the waterproof structure is arranged at the external wiring positions of the tuning capacitor box and the driving cabinet. ​ ​ ​ ​ The tuning controller sends an initial execution parameter of the adjustable capacitance array to the adjustable capacitance array in response to the input digital signal and the output digital signal corresponding to the through-the-earth antenna parameter; If the initial execution parameter of the adjustable capacitance array meets the requirement of the through-the-earth antenna adjustment state, the through-the-earth antenna tuning is completed, otherwise, the through-the-earth antenna parameter of the through-the-earth antenna after the adjustable capacitance array is adjusted to the initial execution parameter is measured again by the antenna measurement unit and sent to the tuning controller.

10. The method for adaptive resonance adjustment of a through-the-earth transmit antenna of claim 9, wherein, The step of the tuning controller sending the initial execution parameter of the adjustable capacitance array to the adjustable capacitance array in response to the input digital signal and the output digital signal, comprises: The tuning controller calculates a first capacitance adjustment instruction for making the resonant circuit of the through-the-earth antenna reach the resonant state based on the output digital signal; The tuning controller calculates at least one of the reflected power and the standing wave ratio based on the input digital signal, and generates a second capacitance adjustment instruction containing safety constraints by performing safety evaluation and correction on the first capacitance adjustment instruction according to the calculation result; The tuning controller sends the second capacitance adjustment instruction as the initial execution parameter to the adjustable capacitance array.

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