Preparation method of lucid ganoderma coffee

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of food, in particular to a preparation method of ganoderma lucidum coffee, which comprises the following steps: respectively carrying out torrent oscillation wall breaking and low-temperature constant-temperature water extraction on ganoderma lucidum and coffee beans; wherein the lucid ganoderma extracting solution is subjected to ultrafiltration and nanofiltration multi-stage membrane separation and purification, and the coffee extracting solution is subjected to refined filtration; and respectively concentrating and drying at low temperature, compounding according to a ratio, adding auxiliary materials, granulating and drying to obtain the product. Through step-by-step low-temperature extraction and membrane refining, the active ingredient retention rate and the product purity are remarkably improved, the flavor is pure, the solubility is good, the process is stable and controllable, and the method is suitable for large-scale production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of food technology, specifically to a method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum coffee. Background Technology

[0002] Reishi mushroom is a precious food and medicinal material, rich in polysaccharides, triterpenes, nucleosides, and other bioactive components. It possesses various physiological functions, including enhancing immunity, anti-tumor activity, and antioxidant properties. Furthermore, certain trace elements in the minerals contained in reishi mushroom can stimulate the production of endorphins in the human body, resulting in a strong analgesic effect. Coffee, on the other hand, is a widely consumed beverage worldwide. Its caffeine and chlorogenic acid components have stimulating and antioxidant effects. Combining these two ingredients to develop a functional beverage can both provide the health benefits of coffee and improve the consumption compliance of reishi mushroom.

[0003] Currently, the preparation methods for Ganoderma lucidum coffee mainly fall into two categories: 1. Co-extraction method (e.g., CN115777818A): Ganoderma lucidum and coffee beans are mixed and then roasted, crushed, and extracted together. This method is simple, but the two are prone to component interactions during heat processing, leading to the loss of heat-sensitive active ingredients and making flavor control difficult. 2. Separate extraction followed by mixing method (e.g., CN1826935A): Ganoderma lucidum and coffee are extracted separately, concentrated, dried, and then mixed. Although this method avoids component interference, traditional extraction processes such as high-temperature water extraction are inefficient and time-consuming, resulting in insufficient retention of active ingredients, especially Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes, and coffee chlorogenic acid and flavor substances.

[0004] Therefore, existing technologies suffer from problems such as low extraction efficiency, poor retention of active ingredients, and insufficient flavor harmony. There is an urgent need to develop a Ganoderma lucidum coffee production method that is process-controllable, has a high component retention rate, a pure flavor, and is suitable for industrial production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a method for making Ganoderma lucidum coffee. The core of this method lies in independently processing Ganoderma lucidum and coffee bean raw materials using targeted low-temperature physical extraction and refining processes to obtain highly active and pure Ganoderma lucidum extract and coffee extract. Then, through scientific compounding and molding technology, a Ganoderma lucidum coffee product with high retention rate of active ingredients, pure flavor, and good solubility is obtained.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for making Ganoderma lucidum coffee, comprising the following steps: S1. Preparation of Ganoderma lucidum extract: Ganoderma lucidum raw material is subjected to turbulent shaking to break the cell wall, and then subjected to low temperature constant temperature water extraction at 30-55℃. The extract is separated and purified by ultrafiltration membrane and nanofiltration membrane in sequence, and then concentrated and dried by low temperature vacuum to obtain Ganoderma lucidum extract powder. S2. Preparation of coffee extract: Coffee beans are subjected to turbulent shaking to break up the cell walls, and then subjected to low-temperature constant temperature water extraction at 40-60℃. The extract is then subjected to solid-liquid separation, fine filtration, low-temperature vacuum concentration and drying to obtain coffee extract. S3. Compounding and molding: The Ganoderma lucidum extract powder and the coffee extract are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:10-1:50, food-grade excipients are added, and the mixture is granulated and dried to obtain the Ganoderma lucidum coffee product.

[0007] Furthermore, in S1 and S2, the conditions for the turbulent oscillation cell disruption treatment are: temperature 25-40℃, pressure 0.2-0.6MPa, and time 10-40 minutes.

[0008] Furthermore, in S1 and S2, the extraction solvent used in the low-temperature constant temperature extraction is water, and the material-to-liquid ratio is 1:10-1:30 g / ml.

[0009] Furthermore, in S1, the ultrafiltration membrane has a molecular weight cutoff of 10-100 kDa, and the nanofiltration membrane has a molecular weight cutoff of 200-1000 Da.

[0010] Furthermore, in S1 and S2, the conditions for the low-temperature vacuum concentration are: temperature 35-50℃, vacuum degree -0.08 to -0.1MPa.

[0011] Furthermore, in S1 and S2, the drying is one of spray drying, vacuum freeze drying, or vacuum negative pressure drying.

[0012] Furthermore, the inlet air temperature of the spray drying is 120-180℃, and the drying time is 1-3 hours; the pre-freezing temperature of the vacuum freeze drying is -40℃ to -80℃, and the drying time is 24-48 hours; the temperature of the vacuum negative pressure drying is 60-120℃, and the drying time is 1.5-3 hours.

[0013] Furthermore, in S1, after the turbulent shaking and cell wall breaking treatment, there is also a step of enzymatic hydrolysis to assist extraction of Ganoderma lucidum raw material. The enzymatic hydrolysis uses a complex enzyme of cellulase and pectinase, and is carried out for 30-40 minutes under the conditions of pH 4.0-6.0 and temperature 55-60℃.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S2, prior to the turbulent vibration cell-wall breaking treatment, the coffee beans are further subjected to a light to medium roast and ground to a particle size of 0.3-1.0 mm. Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. High extraction efficiency: The combination of turbulent oscillation and low-temperature extraction is optimized for different material characteristics, increasing the component dissolution rate by more than 20%.

[0015] 2. Good activity retention: The entire extraction process is carried out at ≤60℃ to avoid damage to heat-sensitive components, and the retention rate of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes and caffeic chlorogenic acid is increased by 25-40%.

[0016] 3. Pure and safe products: Multi-stage membrane separation removes impurities, pesticide residues and microorganisms, improving product purity and resulting in a harmonious flavor without any off-flavors.

[0017] 4. Controllable and scalable process: The parameters are clear, making it easy to automate and continuously produce, and the batch stability is good.

[0018] 5. Convenient to use: The finished product has good solubility and dissolves instantly in hot or cold water, making it convenient for daily consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of making a type of Ganoderma lucidum coffee. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: This embodiment of the invention discloses a method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum coffee, referring to... Figure 1 : S1. Preparation of Ganoderma lucidum extract: 1. Take dried Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies, pulverize them and pass them through a 20-mesh sieve. Weigh 1 kg, add it to a turbulent shaking cell wall breaking device, add 5 L of purified water, and treat it at 30℃ and 0.4 MPa for 20 minutes.

[0022] 2. Add purified water to a total material-to-liquid ratio of 1:25 (g / ml), and extract at a constant temperature of 45℃ for 2 hours.

[0023] 3. The crude extract obtained by plate and frame filtration is purified by ultrafiltration (0.3 MPa) with a 50 kDa membrane and nanofiltration (1.2 MPa) with a 300 Da membrane.

[0024] 4. The purified liquid was concentrated at 45℃ and -0.09MPa to a relative density of 1.15-1.20.

[0025] 5. The product is dried under vacuum (70℃) and pulverized through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain Ganoderma lucidum extract powder (polysaccharide content ≥35%).

[0026] S2. Preparation of coffee extract: 1. Lightly roast Arabica coffee beans and grind them to 0.5mm.

[0027] 2. Take 1 kg of coffee powder, add it to a turbulent shaking and oscillating device, add 10 L of purified water, and process it at 40℃ and 0.3 MPa for 15 minutes.

[0028] 3. Extract at 50℃ for 20 minutes, centrifuge (3000 rpm, 15 min) and filter through a 0.45 μm filter membrane.

[0029] 4. The filtrate was concentrated at 50℃ and -0.085MPa to a solid content of about 40%, and then spray-dried (air inlet 150℃) to obtain coffee extract powder.

[0030] S3, Compounding and Molding: 1. Weigh out 100g of Ganoderma lucidum extract powder and 900g of coffee extract powder, add 800g of maltodextrin and 5g of aspartame, and mix well.

[0031] 2. Wet granulation, fluidized bed drying at 60℃ until moisture content ≤5%, granulation to obtain Ganoderma lucidum coffee granules.

[0032] Example 2: Ganoderma lucidum coffee tablets (enzymatic hydrolysis-assisted + aroma restoration) S1. Preparation of Ganoderma lucidum extract (enzymatic hydrolysis-assisted): After the cell wall breaking step in Example 1, the pH was adjusted to 5.0, and 0.5% of a compound enzyme (cellulase: pectinase = 1:1) was added. The mixture was enzymatically hydrolyzed at 55°C for 40 minutes, and then extracted, separated by membrane, concentrated, and freeze-dried under vacuum (pre-frozen at -50°C and dried for 36 hours) as in Example 1 to obtain Ganoderma lucidum extract powder.

[0033] S2. Preparation of coffee extract (aroma refilling): The coffee extract was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the volatile aroma components were recovered by a condensation system before concentration.

[0034] After the extract is concentrated, it is spray-dried, and the recovered aroma condensate is atomized and sprayed into the outlet of the drying tower to obtain aroma-enhanced coffee extract powder.

[0035] S3, Compounding and Tableting: Ganoderma lucidum extract powder and coffee extract powder are mixed at a ratio of 1:20, and tableting excipients such as microcrystalline cellulose and magnesium stearate are added. The mixture is then directly compressed into tablets to obtain Ganoderma lucidum coffee lozenges.

[0036] Comparative Example 1: Refer to process CN1826935A S1 Ganoderma lucidum and coffee beans were extracted twice with 15 times the amount of water and refluxed at 100℃ for 1 hour each time.

[0037] The S2 extract was concentrated and spray-dried to obtain extract powder.

[0038] S3 is mixed with auxiliary materials in the same proportion and granulated to obtain Ganoderma lucidum coffee products.

[0039] The Ganoderma lucidum coffee products prepared in the examples and comparative examples were tested, and the results are shown in the table below: Table 1. Detection results of Ganoderma lucidum coffee prepared by different methods

[0040] Results analysis: The method of this invention is significantly superior to traditional processes in terms of retention of active ingredients, solubility, and flavor. It reduces extraction time by about one-third and energy consumption by about 20%. The process parameters of this invention are clear, the equipment is highly versatile, and it is suitable for upgrading existing food and health product production lines, with good prospects for industrial promotion.

[0041] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge regarding specific structures and characteristics is not elaborated upon here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of making a ganoderma coffee, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: S1, preparation of ganoderma extract: the ganoderma raw material is subjected to jet flow shock breakage treatment, and then low-temperature constant-temperature water extraction is carried out at 30-55℃, the extract is separated and purified by ultrafiltration membrane and nanofiltration membrane in turn, and then low-temperature vacuum concentration and drying are carried out to obtain ganoderma extract dry powder; S2, preparation of coffee extract: the coffee beans are subjected to jet flow shock breakage treatment, and then low-temperature constant-temperature water extraction is carried out at 40-60℃, the extract is subjected to solid-liquid separation, precision filtration, low-temperature vacuum concentration and drying to obtain coffee extract; S3, compounding and forming: the ganoderma extract dry powder and the coffee extract are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:10-1:50, food-grade auxiliary materials are added, and granulation and drying are carried out to obtain a ganoderma coffee product.

2. The method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum coffee according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1 and S2, the jet flow shock breakage treatment is carried out at a temperature of 25-40℃, a pressure of 0.2-0.6MPa and for 10-40 minutes.

3. The method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum coffee according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1 and S2, the low-temperature constant-temperature extraction uses water as the extraction solvent, and the solid-liquid ratio is 1:10-1:30g / ml.

4. The method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum coffee according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the ultrafiltration membrane has a molecular weight cut-off of 10-100kDa, and the nanofiltration membrane has a molecular weight cut-off of 200-1000Da.

5. The method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum coffee according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1 and S2, the low-temperature vacuum concentration is carried out at a temperature of 35-50℃ and a vacuum degree of -0.08 to -0.1MPa.

6. The method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum coffee according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1 and S2, the drying is one of spray drying, vacuum freeze drying or vacuum negative pressure drying.

7. The method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum coffee according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inlet air temperature of the spray drying is 120-180℃, and the drying time is 1-3 hours; the pre-freezing temperature of the vacuum freeze drying is -40℃ to -80℃, and the drying time is 24-48 hours; the temperature of the vacuum negative pressure drying is 60-120℃, and the drying time is 1.5-3 hours.

8. The method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum coffee according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, after the jet flow shock breakage treatment, a step of enzyme-assisted extraction of the ganoderma raw material is further included, the enzyme-assisted extraction uses a composite enzyme of cellulase and pectinase, and the enzyme-assisted extraction is carried out at pH 4.0-6.0 and a temperature of 55-60℃ for 30-40 minutes.

9. The method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum coffee according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, before the jet flow shock breakage treatment, a step of medium-shallow roasting of the coffee beans and grinding to a particle size of 0.3-1.0mm is further included.

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