Vibration constraint composite shape righting device and method for metal shell

Abstract

The invention provides a vibration constraint composite shape righting device and method for a metal shell, belongs to the technical field of part machining, and solves the problem that shape righting operation cannot be performed on the metal shell under the condition that the quality of the metal shell is guaranteed in the prior art. The mold comprises a male mold and a female mold, containing grooves used for containing metal shells are formed in the male mold and the female mold, wear-resistant coatings are arranged on the inner walls of the containing grooves, connecting plates are arranged on the outer walls of the male mold and the female mold, and anti-loosening screw assemblies movably penetrate through the connecting plates. The surface of the metal shell does not need to be directly mechanically touched in the vibration shape correction process, surface damage caused by external force scraping, extrusion and the like is avoided, and the surface quality and integrity of the shell can be kept easily. And meanwhile, the structure property change of the metal material cannot be caused, and it is ensured that the mechanical property of the shell after shape correction is not affected.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of part processing, and particularly relates to a vibration constraint composite straightening device and method for a metal shell part. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the metal processing industry, metal shell parts are widely used in many fields such as aerospace, automobile manufacturing, electronic equipment and the like. However, in the production and manufacturing process of the metal shell parts, residual stress is easily generated inside the shell parts due to influences of casting, forging, machining, welding and the like. The residual stress will cause poor dimensional stability of the shell parts in the subsequent use process, affect the dimensional accuracy and appearance quality of the shell parts, and even have many adverse effects on the fatigue performance, service life and the like of the workpiece.

[0003] At present, the stress deformation correction method for the metal shell parts mainly includes two categories of traditional stress relief method and new stress relief method. ① Natural aging method: it is a most traditional treatment method. That is, the workpiece is placed outdoors, and with changes of the surrounding environment (temperature, humidity) and time, atoms inside the workpiece slowly diffuse and move, and finally the atoms generating the residual stress inside are rearranged to disperse the internal stress. The method has the defects of long time period, at least several months or even half a year, low efficiency for batch production, and being easily affected by changes of the surrounding environment. ② Thermal aging method: namely, stress relief annealing. That is, the workpiece is heated to a certain temperature, kept warm for a period of time, and then slowly cooled to room temperature. Through annealing treatment, atoms in the material accelerate diffusion and rearrangement to generate plastic deformation, and finally the residual stress is released. The method has the defects of large energy consumption, long period and high cost. ③ Mechanical correction method: usually, external force greater than the internal working stress of the workpiece is applied to directly correct the deformed part. The method has the defects of easily leaving marks on the surface of the shell part, and being difficult to achieve accurate correction for the shell part with complex shape and high precision requirement, and possibly causing new stress concentration. ④ Vibration aging method: VSR for short, that is, the workpiece or structure is excited with a frequency close to the resonance frequency of the workpiece or structure for a necessary time to reduce and homogenize the residual stress. The method has the characteristics of mature engineering application, energy saving, low cost and remarkable effect, but the method has the defects of needing to additionally design test parameters for special single piece and first piece, and consuming time and effort. ⑤ Ultrasonic aging method: ultrasonic treatment is a technology for eliminating residual stress and improving the performance of a component by using ultrasonic waves to impact the stress concentration area of the workpiece. However, the method has the defect of limited thickness of the treated metal, and the effect of removing residual stress is not obvious for the welding residual stress of the relatively thick workpiece. Especially, the effect of removing residual stress is weakened along the direction of the thickness of the workpiece from the surface.

[0004] In view of the problem that the prior art cannot perform the straightening operation on the metal shell part while ensuring the quality of the metal shell part, the application designs a straightening device and method which can control the size of the metal shell body and remove residual stress while causing little damage to the workpiece. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above problems, the application aims to provide a vibration constraint composite straightening device and method for a metal shell part.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: A vibration constraint composite straightening device for a metal shell part, comprising a male die and a female die, wherein the male die and the female die are provided with a containing groove for placing the metal shell part, the inner wall of the containing groove is provided with a wear-resistant coating, the outer wall of the male die and the female die is provided with a connecting plate, and the connecting plate is movably penetrated by a locking screw assembly.

[0007] Preferably, the male die and the female die are both provided with a base.

[0008] Preferably, the base is provided with an annular groove.

[0009] A vibration constraint composite straightening method for a metal shell part, using the vibration constraint composite straightening device, the vibration constraint composite straightening method comprising: S1, determining the first-order resonance frequency of the metal shell part; processing the male die and the female die and processing mounting holes on the connecting plate of the male die and the female die; S2, setting the vibration parameters of the vibration platform, placing the male die on the vibration platform, placing the metal shell part to be processed in the male die, aligning and placing the female die on the male die and pressing the female die, and installing the locking screw assembly to fix the male die and the female die on the vibration platform; S3, starting the straightening by turning on the vibration platform; after the straightening is completed, turning off the vibration platform, and sequentially taking down the locking screw assembly, the female die, the metal shell part and the male die; S4, measuring the stress change and the inner and outer diameter size change of the metal shell part to determine whether the metal shell part meets the requirements; if the metal shell part does not meet the requirements, returning to step S2 to adjust the vibration parameters and performing the straightening on the metal shell part again.

[0010] Preferably, in step S1, after processing the male die and the female die, a wear-resistant coating is sprayed on the inner wall of the male die and the female die.

[0011] Preferably, the spraying step of the wear-resistant coating: the fluorocarbon paint and the curing agent are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, stirred for more than 10 min to ensure uniform mixing, then poured into the spray gun, the male die and the female die are placed on the rotary table, the rotary speed of the rotary table is set to 500 mm / min, and the spraying curing is carried out.

[0012] Preferably, in the step S3, an alcohol-containing wiping cloth is used to wipe the inner and outer surfaces of the treated metal shell part.

[0013] Preferably, the material of the male die and the female die is 40Cr or die steel.

[0014] Preferably, in the step S4, an X-ray stress meter is used to measure the stress change of the metal shell part; a micrometer, a profilometer and a three-coordinate detection device are used to measure the inner and outer diameter size changes of the metal shell part.

[0015] Preferably, the vibration parameters include power, frequency and time; wherein the power is 1-100%, the frequency is 1-600Hz, and the time is 0-24h.

[0016] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present application are: The vibration shaping process of the present application does not require direct mechanical contact with the surface of the metal shell part, avoiding surface damage caused by external force scratching, extrusion, etc., which is beneficial to maintaining the surface quality and integrity of the shell part. At the same time, the present application does not cause changes in the microstructure and properties of the metal material, ensuring that the mechanical properties of the shell part after shaping are not affected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 The three-dimensional structure schematic diagram provided for the embodiments of the present application.

[0019] The drawings show that: 1-male die; 2-female die; 3-anti-loose screw assembly; 4-connection plate; 5- accommodating groove; 6-base; 7-annular groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that if the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships in which the products of the application are usually placed, they are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0023] The following will be described in detail Figure 1 The present application will be described in detail.

[0024] Embodiment: A vibration constraint composite rectifying device for a metal shell piece, comprising a male die 1 and a female die 2, the male die 1 and the female die 2 are provided with a containing groove 5 for placing the metal shell piece, a wear-resistant coating is arranged on the inner wall of the containing groove 5, a connecting plate 4 is arranged on the outer wall of the male die 1 and the female die 2, and a locking screw assembly 3 is movably penetrated through the connecting plate 4.

[0025] The vibration rectifying process of the present application does not need to directly mechanically touch the surface of the metal shell piece, avoids surface damage caused by external force scraping, extrusion and the like, and is beneficial to maintaining the surface quality and integrity of the metal shell piece. At the same time, the present application does not cause changes in the organizational properties of the metal material, and ensures that the mechanical properties of the metal shell piece after rectification are not affected. The male die 1 and the female die 2 are folded to clamp the metal shell piece, the wear-resistant coating avoids direct contact of the metal shell piece with the male die 1 and the female die 2, and avoids scratching of the surface of the metal shell piece; the locking screw assembly 3 is penetrated through the connecting plate 4 to fix the male die 1 and the female die 2 on the vibration platform for rectifying operation, the locking screw assembly 3 can tightly combine the male die 1, the female die 2 and the vibration platform, and ensure that no thread loosening and horizontal sliding occur during vibration, and the energy transmission efficiency is improved.

[0026] The base 6 is arranged on the male die 1 and the female die 2. The base 6 on the male die 1 can keep the male die 1 stably placed on the vibration platform, and the base 6 on the female die 2 can keep the female die 2 normally pressed.

[0027] The annular groove 7 is arranged on the base 6. The annular groove 7 can be used to set the tool to facilitate the separation of the male die 1 and the female die 2.

[0028] A vibration constraint composite rectification method for a metal shell piece uses a vibration constraint composite rectification device, and the vibration constraint composite rectification method comprises the following steps: S1, determining the first-order resonance frequency of the metal shell piece; machining the male die 1 and the female die 2 and machining the mounting hole on the connecting plate 4 of the male die 1 and the female die 2; S2, setting the vibration parameters of the vibration platform, placing the male die 1 on the vibration platform, and placing the metal shell piece to be processed into the male die 1; aligning and placing the female die 2 on the male die 1 and pressing the female die 2, and installing the anti-loose screw rod assembly 3 to fix the male die 1 and the female die 2 on the vibration platform; S3, turning on the vibration platform to start rectification; after rectification is completed, turning off the vibration platform, and sequentially taking down the anti-loose screw rod assembly 3, the female die 2, the metal shell piece and the male die 1; S4, measuring the stress change and the inner and outer diameter size change of the metal shell piece to determine whether the metal shell piece meets the requirements; if the metal shell piece does not meet the requirements, returning to step S2 to adjust the vibration parameters and rectifying the metal shell piece again.

[0029] The method uses a high-strength metal mold to precisely clamp the metal shell piece, ensuring the stability and uniformity of the stress of the metal shell piece during the rectification process. Then, the mold clamping the metal shell piece is placed on the vibration platform, and a vibration with a specific frequency, amplitude and time length is applied by the vibration platform to promote the redistribution of the stress inside the metal shell piece, thereby effectively correcting the deformed part.

[0030] In step S1, after machining the male die 1 and the female die 2, a wear-resistant coating is sprayed on the inner wall of the male die 1 and the female die 2.

[0031] The spraying step of the wear-resistant coating: mix fluorocarbon paint and curing agent in a ratio of 1:1, stir for more than 10 minutes to ensure uniform mixing, then pour into the spray gun, place the male die 1 and the female die 2 on the rotary table, set the rotary speed of the rotary table to 500 mm / min, and perform spray curing.

[0032] In step S3, an alcohol-containing wiping cloth is used to wipe the inner and outer surfaces of the processed metal shell piece. The wiping cloth removes impurity particles generated during the rectification process to avoid affecting the subsequent detection operation.

[0033] The male mold 1 and female mold 2 are made of 40Cr or mold steel. The strength and elastic modulus of the male mold 1 and female mold 2 must be greater than those of the metal shell. The mold steel is Cr12 or Cr12MoV.

[0034] In step S4, an X-ray stress meter is used to measure the stress changes of the metal shell; a micrometer, profilometer, and coordinate measuring machine are used to measure the changes in the inner and outer diameters of the metal shell. The micrometer is used by attaching both ends to the inner and outer diameter surfaces of the metal shell, and then rotating it to find the extreme value of the dial indicator, which is the dimension. The profilometer is a white light profilometer; the metal shell is placed on a platform, light is shone on the inner and outer vertices of the metal shell, and the centering value on the control panel is read through mechanical fine-tuning. Then, based on the theoretical workpiece shape input in advance into the computer, the measurement and calculation are performed. The coordinate measuring machine collects the coordinate values ​​of points on the object's surface through contact or non-contact methods using a probe.

[0035] Vibration parameters include power, frequency, and time; power ranges from 1-100%, frequency from 1-600Hz, and time from 0-24h. The vibration platform includes control circuitry for precise adjustment of vibration parameters, a sensor feedback mechanism, and corresponding control software logic to ensure the generation of appropriate vibration signals based on the specific requirements of the metal casing.

[0036] In step S1, the vibration model of the metal shell is established and numerically simulated using finite source ANYSYS to determine the first-order resonance frequency of the metal shell.

[0037] The machining steps for male mold 1 and female mold 2 are as follows: 1. Prepare the ingot; 2. Rough turning, with an additional 2mm tolerance; 3. Stress-relief annealing, holding at 550-600℃ for about 6 hours, followed by furnace cooling; 4. Finish turning the inner and outer surfaces; 5. Drill threaded holes on the end face of the mold according to the size and position of the screw holes on the vibration platform; 6. Inspect the dimensions after cleaning. Male mold 1 and female mold 2 are machined with a precision of less than 0.1mm, and the ideal dimensions of the workpiece are ultimately controlled through stress-relief annealing.

[0038] Advantages of this application: (1) Composite correction method: It innovatively combines the clamping and positioning of high-strength metal molds with the vibration action of the vibration platform. Through the synergistic effect of mechanical constraints and dynamic stress adjustment, it achieves efficient correction of stress deformation of metal shells. Compared with single mechanical or thermal correction methods, this composite method can more comprehensively solve the stress deformation problem of metal shells and improve the correction effect and accuracy. (2) Customized mold design: Customized high-strength metal molds are designed and manufactured according to the specific characteristics of different metal shells. The shape, size and clamping structure of the mold can be perfectly matched with the shell, ensuring that all parts of the shell are evenly stressed during the vibration correction process, effectively avoiding secondary deformation or insufficient correction caused by improper clamping. (3) Great potential for further equipment optimization: By improving the advanced level of the vibration platform, precise vibration parameter control can be achieved. By equipping an advanced intelligent control system, the frequency, amplitude and duration of vibration can be precisely adjusted according to factors such as the material, shape and degree of deformation of the metal shell. By optimizing vibration parameters, precise stress release and structural adjustment can be achieved for different types of stress deformation problems, further improving the flexibility and applicability of the straightening process.

[0039] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration-constrained composite orthotic device for metal shell components, characterized in that, It includes a male mold (1) and a female mold (2). The male mold (1) and the female mold (2) are provided with a receiving groove (5) for placing metal shell parts. The inner wall of the receiving groove (5) is provided with a wear-resistant coating. The outer wall of the male mold (1) and the female mold (2) is provided with a connecting plate (4). The anti-loosening screw assembly (3) is movably passed through the connecting plate (4).

2. The vibration constraint composite orthotic device for metal shell components according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the male mold (1) and the female mold (2) are provided with a base (6).

3. The vibration constraint composite orthotic device for metal shell components according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base (6) is provided with an annular groove (7).

4. A vibration-constrained composite correction method for metal shell components, characterized in that, Using the vibration-constrained composite orthopedic device according to any one of claims 1-3, the vibration-constrained composite orthopedic method includes: S1. Determine the first-order resonant frequency of the metal shell; process the male mold (1) and female mold (2) and process mounting holes on the connecting plate (4) of the male mold (1) and female mold (2); S2. Set the vibration parameters of the vibration platform, place the male mold (1) on the vibration platform, place the metal shell to be processed into the male mold (1); align the female mold (2) on the male mold (1) and press the female mold (2) down, install the anti-loosening screw assembly (3) to install and fix the male mold (1) and female mold (2) on the vibration platform; S3. Turn on the vibration platform to start the straightening process; after the straightening is completed, turn off the vibration platform and remove the anti-loosening screw assembly (3), female mold (2), metal shell and male mold (1) in sequence. S4. Measure the stress change and inner and outer diameter changes of the metal shell to determine whether the metal shell meets the requirements; if the metal shell does not meet the requirements, return to step S2 to adjust the vibration parameters and reshape the metal shell.

5. The vibration constraint composite correction method for metal shell components according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S1, after processing the male mold (1) and the female mold (2), a wear-resistant coating is sprayed onto the inner walls of the male mold (1) and the female mold (2).

6. The vibration constraint composite correction method for metal shell components according to claim 5, characterized in that, The spraying steps of the wear-resistant coating are as follows: Mix the fluorocarbon paint and the curing agent in a 1:1 ratio, stir for more than 10 minutes to ensure uniform mixing, then pour it into the spray gun, place the male mold (1) and the female mold (2) on the turntable, set the rotation speed of the turntable to 500 mm / min, and perform spray curing.

7. The vibration constraint composite correction method for metal shell components according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S3, the inner and outer surfaces of the treated metal casing are wiped with an alcohol-containing cloth.

8. The vibration constraint composite correction method for metal shell components according to claim 4, characterized in that, The material of the male mold (1) and female mold (2) is 40Cr or mold steel.

9. The vibration constraint composite correction method for metal shell components according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S4, an X-ray stress meter is used to measure the stress change of the metal shell; a micrometer, a profilometer, and a coordinate measuring machine are used to measure the inner and outer diameter changes of the metal shell.

10. A vibration constraint composite correction method for metal shell components according to claim 4, characterized in that, Vibration parameters include power, frequency, and time; where power ranges from 1-100%, frequency from 1-600Hz, and time from 0-24h.

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