Fertilizer combination and fertilization method for citrus water and fertilizer integrated fertilization

Abstract

The invention discloses a fertilizer composition for citrus water and fertilizer integrated fertilization and a fertilization method. The fertilizer composition comprises a germination period fertilizer, a flowering period fertilizer, an expansion period fertilizer and a mature period fertilizer. The method greatly reduces the excessive use of pesticides, chemical fertilizers and other investments, and effectively prevents the citrus orchard from non-point source pollution; the method can effectively increase vegetative growth and reproductive growth of the citrus and is of great benefit for increasing production and income of the citrus; the number of workers can be greatly reduced, the labor intensity of the workers is reduced, and the labor productivity is improved by 83.33%-90%; compared with the traditional operation mode, the method has the characteristics of water saving, high efficiency and the like, and the water utilization efficiency can be improved by 50%-75%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural technology, specifically relating to a fertilizer combination and application method for citrus fertigation. Background Technology

[0002] In international agricultural production, small watershed management plays a crucial role in mitigating agricultural non-point source pollution, protecting water resources, and improving ecosystem service quality. Excessive application of fertilizers and pesticides leads to nutrient and pesticide residue loss, significantly impacting water quality within small watersheds. Studies show that by adopting optimal management practices, the impact of agricultural production on water quality within small watersheds in the United States can be mitigated. Furthermore, nitrogen and phosphorus compounds in fertilizers and pesticides, as well as chemical agents used as herbicides or insecticides, can pollute soil and water bodies, resulting in widespread water pollution, reduced biodiversity, and ecological damage.

[0003] Water resource protection can effectively improve agricultural production efficiency. Traditional agricultural water use methods often involve waste and ineffective utilization, such as the significant water loss caused by natural runoff irrigation. However, through scientific and rational water resource management and water-saving measures, irrigation efficiency can be improved, waste reduced, and crop yields increased. Water resource protection is also crucial for maintaining the ecological environment. Protecting the integrity of water sources, wetlands, and aquatic ecosystems can effectively improve water quality and reduce agricultural pollution of the water environment.

[0004] Traditional irrigation and fertilization methods suffer from water waste, low fertilizer utilization, and high labor intensity. Existing integrated water and fertilizer technology faces challenges such as complex equipment, high costs, and limited applicability. Integrated water and fertilizer technology is a new agricultural technology that combines irrigation and fertilization. Specifically, it utilizes a pressure system (or natural terrain drop) to mix soluble solid or liquid fertilizers with water, according to soil nutrient content and crop requirements. Water and fertilizer are supplied through a controllable pipeline system, ensuring uniform, timely, and quantitative drip irrigation that thoroughly irrigates the crop's root zone. This maintains loose and suitable moisture levels in the soil around the main root system. Furthermore, the technology is designed to meet the specific needs of different crops, soil conditions, nutrient content, and growth stages, providing water and nutrients directly to the crops in precise quantities and at specific times. Constructing integrated water and fertilizer facilities in citrus orchards and applying fertilizer using the "water application" method allows fertilizers to be quickly absorbed and utilized after application, which helps improve fertilizer utilization and reduce the amount of chemical fertilizers used.

[0005] However, there is currently a lack of specialized fertigation formulas for citrus, especially navel oranges. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a fertilizer combination and application method for integrated water and fertilizer application in citrus. This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A fertilizer blend for citrus fertigation, comprising: Fertilizer for budding, flowering, fruit enlargement, and maturity stages; The germination fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight. Ammonium sulfate 5-8 parts; monoammonium phosphate 1-2 parts; chelated iron 2-3 parts; potassium humate 2-3 parts; The flowering fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3-5 parts; calcium nitrate 1-1.5 parts; magnesium sulfate 1-1.5 parts; ammonium molybdate 0.5-1.5 parts; chelated boron 0.5-1 part; zinc sulfate 1.5-2.5 parts; sodium octaborate tetrahydrate 0.5-1 part; The fertilizer for the growth period comprises the following components in parts by weight. Potassium nitrate 4-6 parts; sugar alcohol calcium 1-1.3 parts; calcium nitrate 1-1.3 parts; chelated iron 0.5-1.5 parts; potassium silicate 0.5-1 part; potassium humate 0.5-1 part.

[0007] The mature fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight. Potassium sulfate 5-8 parts; potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1-3 parts; chelated magnesium 1-1.5 parts; ammonium sulfate 2-3 parts; amino acid organic fertilizer 1-2 parts.

[0008] The optional germination fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight. Ammonium sulfate 6 parts; monoammonium phosphate 1.5 parts; chelated iron 2 parts; potassium humate 2.5 parts; The flowering fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4 parts; calcium nitrate 1.3 parts; magnesium sulfate 1.2 parts; ammonium molybdate 1 part; chelated boron 0.5 parts; zinc sulfate 2 parts; sodium octaborate tetrahydrate 0.8 parts; The fertilizer for the growth period comprises the following components in parts by weight. Potassium nitrate 5 parts; sugar alcohol calcium 1.1 parts; calcium nitrate 1.2 parts; chelated iron 1 part; potassium silicate 0.5 parts; potassium humate 0.5 parts; The mature fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight. Potassium sulfate 6 parts; potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 parts; chelated magnesium 1.3 parts; ammonium sulfate 2.5 parts; amino acid organic fertilizer 1 part.

[0009] Optionally, the chelated iron is EDTA chelated iron, the chelated magnesium is EDTA chelated magnesium, and the chelated boron is EDTA chelated boron.

[0010] A method for fertigation of citrus fruits using integrated water and fertilizer, employing the aforementioned fertilizer combination for integrated water and fertilizer fertilization of citrus fruits; During the budding stage of citrus trees, fertilizer for the budding stage is dissolved in water and applied to the citrus trees through an integrated water and fertilizer system; During the flowering period of citrus trees, fertilizer for flowering is dissolved in water and applied to the citrus trees through an integrated water and fertilizer system; During the fruit enlargement period of citrus trees, fertilizer for the enlargement period is dissolved in water and applied to the citrus trees through an integrated water and fertilizer system. During the ripening period of citrus trees, fertilizer for ripening is dissolved in water and applied to the citrus trees through an integrated water and fertilizer system.

[0011] Optionally, the method of dissolving germination-stage fertilizer in water and applying it to citrus trees through an integrated water and fertilizer system specifically includes: The germination period is from February to March. After dissolving the fertilizer during the germination period in water, the EC value is controlled at 1.2 to 1.5 mS / cm, and the pH is adjusted to 5.8 to 6.2. Drip irrigation is then carried out. The drip irrigation flow rate is 1.5 to 2 L / plant, and the fertilizer is applied once every 7 to 10 days.

[0012] Optionally, the method of dissolving flowering fertilizer in water and applying it to citrus trees through an integrated water and fertilizer system includes: The flowering period is from April to May. After dissolving the fertilizer in water during the flowering period, the EC value is controlled at 1.5 to 1.8 mS / cm, and drip irrigation is carried out. It is applied once every 4 to 6 days, and the soil moisture content is maintained at 60-70% of field capacity.

[0013] Optionally, the method of dissolving fertilizer during the fruit enlargement period in water and applying it to citrus trees through an integrated water and fertilizer system specifically includes: The swelling period is from June to August; after dissolving the fertilizer during the swelling period in water, the EC value is controlled at 1.8 to 2.2 mS / cm, and drip irrigation is carried out; once every 7 days, the soil moisture content is maintained at 60-70% field capacity.

[0014] Optionally, the process of dissolving mature fertilizer in water and applying it to citrus trees through an integrated water and fertilizer system includes: The maturity period is from September to October; after dissolving the mature fertilizer in water, the EC value is controlled at 1.8 to 2.2 mS / cm, and drip irrigation is carried out; the drip irrigation frequency is once every 9 to 10 days, each time for 10 to 20 minutes.

[0015] This invention also proposes the application of the fertilizer combination used in citrus fertigation to improve the length of new shoots during the budding stage, the fruit setting rate during the flowering stage, the incidence of sunburn during the fruit enlargement stage, or the weight of single fruit at maturity. Optionally, the citrus fruit is a navel orange.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention significantly reduces the excessive use of inputs such as pesticides and fertilizers, effectively preventing non-point source pollution in citrus orchards; 2. This invention can effectively increase the vegetative and reproductive growth of citrus fruits, which is of great benefit to increasing citrus production and income. 3. This invention can significantly reduce the number of workers, lower the intensity of labor, and increase labor productivity by 83.33% to 90%; 4. Compared with traditional operating methods, the present invention has the characteristics of water saving and high efficiency, and water use efficiency can be improved by 50% to 75%. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] Furthermore, regarding the numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, are also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0019] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar to or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention.

[0020] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0021] Example 1 This embodiment provides a fertilizer combination for citrus fertigation, including fertilizers for the budding stage, flowering stage, fruit enlargement stage, and ripening stage; The germination fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: Ammonium sulfate 6 parts; monoammonium phosphate 1.5 parts; chelated iron 2 parts; potassium humate 2.5 parts; The flowering fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4 parts; calcium nitrate 1.3 parts; magnesium sulfate 1.2 parts; ammonium molybdate 1 part; chelated boron 0.5 parts; zinc sulfate 2 parts; sodium octaborate tetrahydrate 0.8 parts; The fertilizer for the growth period comprises the following components in parts by weight: Potassium nitrate 5 parts; sugar alcohol calcium 1.1 parts; calcium nitrate 1.2 parts; chelated iron 1 part; potassium silicate 0.5 parts; potassium humate 0.5 parts; The mature fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: Potassium sulfate 6 parts; potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 parts; chelated magnesium 1.3 parts; ammonium sulfate 2.5 parts; amino acid organic fertilizer 1 part. The amino acid organic fertilizer is Dafengshou Milefeng, a product provided by Dafengshou Agricultural Service Platform, a brand under Shenzhen Wugu Network Technology Co., Ltd., with a specification of 18L.

[0022] This embodiment demonstrates an integrated water and fertilizer application experiment conducted at the Yichang Base of the Yangtze River Biodiversity Research Center, National Engineering Research Center for Ecological Environment, China Three Gorges Corporation, located in the Three Gorges Dam area of ​​Yichang City, Hubei Province. The demonstration area covers 22 mu (approximately 1.8 hectares). The integrated water and fertilizer system used consists of a 380VAC power supply (3.5 kW total power), a 7-inch touchscreen LCD display, one standard EC detection module with an effective measurement range of 0–20 mS / cm and a measurement accuracy of 1.5% (FS), and one standard pH sensor with a measurement range of 0–14, a resolution of 0.01, and an accuracy of 0.1%. It is suitable for mains water pressures of 0.1–0.65 MPa. The fertilizer mixing channel is multi-channel (standard configuration: 2 channels, expandable to 3 channels), and the stock solution tank is equipped with a 500L mixing tank. The fertilizer absorption rate is 0–400L / h. Both the inlet and outlet water interfaces are PVC 50mm. The control system integrates 485-level Modbus RTU bus communication protocol and TCP / IP network Profinet communication protocol, facilitating integration with external devices; it features a full-color touchscreen human-machine interface with a fully Chinese operating interface and one-button operation design, simplifying user operation. It is configured with one flow meter for flow monitoring and can be expanded as needed; the operating ambient temperature is -20℃ to 50℃.

[0023] The monitoring system's ground cage is made of C20 concrete, with a width of 600mm, a length of 600mm, and a thickness of 800mm. The bottom of the reinforcing bars is 145mm from the ground concrete, and the top of the buried reinforcing bars has an M16 thread length of 85mm, both of which protrude from the concrete. The internal control modules and functions include the status of the water and fertilizer machine, working mode, water pump status, fertilizer pump status, irrigation interval, number of irrigation cycles, pre-flushing, post-flushing, target EC (us / cm), target pH, timed irrigation 1-2, fertilizer channels 1-4, and irrigation zones 1-5.

[0024] The fertilization process specifically includes: During the budding stage of citrus trees, fertilizer for the budding stage is dissolved in water and applied to the citrus trees through an integrated water and fertilizer system; During the flowering period of citrus trees, fertilizer for flowering is dissolved in water and applied to the citrus trees through an integrated water and fertilizer system; During the fruit enlargement period of citrus trees, fertilizer for the enlargement period is dissolved in water and applied to the citrus trees through an integrated water and fertilizer system. During the ripening period of citrus trees, fertilizer for ripening is dissolved in water and applied to the citrus trees through an integrated water and fertilizer system.

[0025] Optionally, the method of dissolving germination-stage fertilizer in water and applying it to citrus trees through an integrated water and fertilizer system specifically includes: The germination period is from February to March. After dissolving the fertilizer during the germination period in water, the EC value is controlled at 1.2-1.5 mS / cm, and the pH is adjusted to 5.8-6.2. Drip irrigation is then carried out. The drip irrigation flow rate is 2L / plant, and the fertilizer is applied once every 7-10 days.

[0026] Optionally, the method of dissolving flowering fertilizer in water and applying it to citrus trees through an integrated water and fertilizer system includes: The flowering period is from April to May. After dissolving the fertilizer in water during the flowering period, the EC value is controlled at 1.5 to 1.8 mS / cm, and drip irrigation is carried out. It is applied once every 4 to 6 days, and the soil moisture content is maintained at 60-70% of field capacity.

[0027] Optionally, the method of dissolving fertilizer during the fruit enlargement period in water and applying it to citrus trees through an integrated water and fertilizer system specifically includes: The swelling period is from June to August; after dissolving the fertilizer during the swelling period in water, the EC value is controlled at 1.8 to 2.2 mS / cm, and drip irrigation is carried out; once every 7 days, the soil moisture content is maintained at 60-70% field capacity.

[0028] Optionally, the process of dissolving mature fertilizer in water and applying it to citrus trees through an integrated water and fertilizer system includes: The maturity period is from September to October; after dissolving the mature fertilizer in water, the EC value is controlled at 1.8 to 2.2 mS / cm, and drip irrigation is carried out; the drip irrigation frequency is once every 10 days, for 15 minutes each time.

[0029] Comparative Example 1: A fixed ratio of water-soluble fertilizer was used for integrated water and fertilizer application. The fixed ratio of water-soluble fertilizer was "Bawotian" 20-20-20 water-soluble fertilizer.

[0030] Comparative Example 2 Apply compound fertilizer in furrows. The compound fertilizer is Stanley compound fertilizer 50kg, with N-P2O5-K2O ratio of 14-16-15, and the dosage is 1 kg / plant.

[0031] Comparative Example 3 Apply urea to the soil surface at a rate of 0.5 kg per plant.

[0032] Comparative Example 4 Apply potassium sulfate to the soil surface at a rate of 0.03 kg per plant.

[0033] Experimental results: Table 1. Comparison of new shoot length (cm) for different management methods for citrus varieties during the budding stage.

[0034] Table 1 shows that all three methods can promote the sprouting of new shoots in different citrus varieties. The average shoot lengths of the six varieties—Lunwan, Jinqiu, Newhall, Oita, Ehime, and Leibo—were 88.75cm, 83.25cm, 9101.00cm, 86.50cm, 96.50cm, and 90.00cm, respectively. This is beneficial for increasing the vegetative and reproductive growth of citrus and boosting citrus production. However, there are significant differences among the three methods in promoting new shoot length. The new shoot lengths of Lunwan, Jinqiu, Newhall, Oita, Ehime, and Leibo citrus varieties treated with integrated water and fertilizer application were higher than those treated with fixed water-soluble fertilizers, and significantly higher than those treated with trenching compound fertilizer and surface application of urea. Compared to fertigation with fixed water-soluble fertilizer, trenching compound fertilizer, and surface application of urea, the new shoot lengths of Lunwan fertigation were 21cm, 31cm, and 49cm, respectively, representing increases of 23%, 37%, and 75%. In Jinqiu fertigation, the new shoot lengths were 14cm, 26cm, and 49cm, respectively, representing increases of 15%, 33%, and 81%. In Newhall fertigation, the new shoot lengths were 21cm, 29cm, and 46cm, respectively, representing increases of 20%, 31%, and 59%. Compared to fertigation with fixed water-soluble fertilizer, trenching compound fertilizer, and surface application of urea, the new shoot lengths of Dafeng plants were 16cm, 19cm, and 43cm, respectively, representing increases of 18%, 22%, and 68%. In Ehime, the fertigation with fixed water-soluble fertilizer, trenching compound fertilizer, and surface application of urea resulted in new shoot lengths of 17cm, 22cm, and 47cm, respectively, representing increases of 17%, 23%, and 66%. In Leibo, the fertigation with fixed water-soluble fertilizer, trenching compound fertilizer, and surface application of urea resulted in new shoot lengths of 19cm, 23cm, and 42cm, respectively, representing increases of 21%, 26%, and 61%.

[0035] Table 2. Comparison of fruit set rate (%) for different water and fertilizer methods for citrus varieties during flowering period

[0036] Table 2 shows that all three application methods can improve the fruit set rate of different citrus varieties. The average fruit set rates of the six varieties—Lunwan, Jinqiu, Newhall, Oita, Ehime, and Leibo—were 89.05%, 87.18%, 89.10%, 85.35%, 89.63%, and 88.65%, respectively. Improved fruit set rate is a fundamental guarantee for increased citrus yield and is beneficial for citrus farmers to increase their income and achieve prosperity. There are also significant differences in the fruit set rate improvement among the three application methods. The fruit set rate of Lunwan, Jinqiu, Newhall, Oita, Ehime, and Leibo citrus varieties treated with integrated water and fertilizer application was higher than that treated with fixed water-soluble fertilizer, and significantly higher than that treated with trench application of compound fertilizer and surface application of urea. The combined water and fertilizer formula application method for Lunwan fertilizer increased fruit set rates by 4.3%, 6.4%, and 15.5% compared to the combined water and fertilizer formula application method using water-soluble fertilizer, trench application of compound fertilizer, and surface application of urea. The combined water and fertilizer formula application method for Jinqiu fertilizer increased fruit set rates by 2.9%, 5.0%, and 17.0% compared to the combined water and fertilizer formula application method using water-soluble fertilizer, trench application of compound fertilizer, and surface application of urea. The combined water and fertilizer formula application method for Newhall fertilizer increased fruit set rates by 8.2%, 11.4%, and 15.6% compared to the combined water and fertilizer formula application method using water-soluble fertilizer, trench application of compound fertilizer, and surface application of urea. The fruit setting rate of fertigation in Dafeng was 1.5%, 3.9%, and 17.6% higher than that of fixed water-soluble fertilizer application, trenching compound fertilizer application, and surface application of urea. In Ehime, the fruit setting rate of fertigation was 4.9%, 9.2%, and 22.6% higher than that of fixed water-soluble fertilizer application, trenching compound fertilizer application, and surface application of urea. In Leibo, the fruit setting rate of fertigation was 6.4%, 12.6%, and 20.4% higher than that of fixed water-soluble fertilizer application, trenching compound fertilizer application, and surface application of urea.

[0037] Table 3. Comparison of sunburn incidence rates (%) among different water and fertilizer application methods for citrus varieties during the fruit enlargement stage.

[0038] Table 3 shows that all three application methods can reduce the incidence of sunburn in different citrus varieties. The average sunburn incidence rates for the six varieties—Lunwan, Jinqiu, Newhall, Oita, Ehime, and Leibo—were 9.05%, 9.73%, 11.15%, 11.58%, 9.80%, and 9.30%, respectively. Reducing the incidence of sunburn effectively protects citrus quality, increases marketability, and directly increases the economic benefits for citrus growers. Significant differences also exist among the three application methods in reducing the incidence of sunburn. The sunburn incidence rates of Lunwan, Jinqiu, Newhall, Oita, Ehime, and Leibo citrus varieties treated with integrated water and fertilizer application were lower than those treated with fixed water-soluble fertilizers, and significantly lower than those treated with trench application of compound fertilizer and surface application of potassium sulfate alone. The incidence of sunburn was reduced by 3.4%, 5.7%, and 7.1% respectively in Lunwan (late autumn) compared to fertigation with fixed water-soluble fertilizer, trenching application of compound fertilizer, and surface application of potassium sulfate. In Jinqiu (early autumn), the incidence of sunburn was reduced by 5.0%, 7.4%, and 9.7% respectively in Zui (topdressing) compared to fertigation with fixed water-soluble fertilizer, trenching application of compound fertilizer, and surface application of potassium sulfate. In Newhall (early autumn), the incidence of sunburn was reduced by 6.0%, 7.6%, and 8.6% respectively in Newhall (early autumn) compared to fertigation with fixed water-soluble fertilizer, trenching application of compound fertilizer, and surface application of potassium sulfate. The incidence of sunburn was reduced by 4.4%, 7.8%, and 9.7% in Oita City compared to fertigation with fixed water-soluble fertilizer, trenching application of compound fertilizer, and surface application of potassium sulfate alone, respectively. In Ehime City, the incidence of sunburn was reduced by 4.3%, 4.9%, and 8.0% in Ehime City compared to fertigation with fixed water-soluble fertilizer, trenching application of compound fertilizer, and surface application of potassium sulfate alone, respectively. In Leibo City, the incidence of sunburn was reduced by 2.9%, 4.5%, and 6.6% in Leibo City compared to fertigation with fixed water-soluble fertilizer, trenching application of compound fertilizer, and surface application of potassium sulfate alone, respectively.

[0039] Table 4. Comparison of Single Fruit Weight (g) for Citrus Varieties Under Different Water and Fertilizer Application Methods at Maturity

[0040] Table 4 shows that all three fertilization methods can increase the weight of individual fruits in different citrus varieties. The average weight of individual fruits for the six varieties—Lunwan, Jinqiu, Newhall, Oita, Ehime, and Leibo—was 284.00g, 76.00g, 264.50g, 263.50g, 298.25g, and 286.25g, respectively. Increased fruit weight translates to higher overall citrus yield per acre, a key indicator for assessing citrus farmers' economic benefits, increasing their income, and achieving a moderately prosperous society. Significant differences exist among the three fertilization methods in increasing fruit weight. The individual fruit weight of Lunwan, Jinqiu, Newhall, Oita, Ehime, and Leibo citrus varieties treated with integrated water and fertilizer application was higher than that treated with fixed water-soluble fertilizer, and significantly higher than that treated with trench application of compound fertilizer and surface application of potassium sulfate alone. Compared with fixed water-soluble fertilizer application, trenching compound fertilizer application, and surface application of urea, the weight of single fruit increased by 11g, 17g, and 32g respectively in Lunwan, Lunwan, and Lunwan, with improvement rates of 3.8%, 6.0%, and 11.9%. Compared with fixed water-soluble fertilizer application, trenching compound fertilizer application, and surface application of urea, the weight of single fruit increased by 6g, 9g, and 21g respectively in Jinqiu, Jinqiu, and Jinqiu, with improvement rates of 7.6%, 11.8%, and 32.8%. Compared with fixed water-soluble fertilizer application, trenching compound fertilizer application, and surface application of urea, Newhall, Newhall, Newhall, Newhall, Newhall, and Newhall, the weight of single fruit increased by 17g, 43g, and 62g respectively in Newhall, Newhall, and Newhall, with improvement rates of 6.1%, 17.1%, and 26.6%. Compared to fixed water-soluble fertilizer application, trenching compound fertilizer application, and surface application of urea, the single fruit weight of fertigation formula application increased by 16g, 19g, and 55g respectively, with improvement rates of 5.9%, 7.1%, and 23.8%. In Aiyuan, the single fruit weight of fertigation formula application increased by 33g, 66g, and 104g respectively, with improvement rates of 10.4%, 23.3%, and 42.4%. In Leibo, the single fruit weight of fertigation formula application increased by 13g, 22g, and 52g respectively, with improvement rates of 4.4%, 7.7%, and 20.3%.

[0041] Table 5. Comparison of water resource utilization among different water and fertilizer methods for citrus varieties.

[0042] Table 5 shows that there are significant differences among the three operation methods in terms of water consumption per acre, irrigation water utilization coefficient, and actual water absorption. The fertigation operation is the most advantageous among the three methods, requiring the least amount of water per acre, only 30 cubic meters. 3 The irrigation water utilization coefficient is the highest, reaching 0.9, and the actual water absorption per acre can reach 27m³. 3Compared to sprinkler irrigation, water consumption is reduced by 30 cubic meters per acre. 3 Water use efficiency increased by 50%, irrigation water utilization coefficient increased by 0.3, representing a 50% increase, and actual water absorption decreased by 9m³. 3 Absorption rate increased by 25%; water consumption per acre decreased by 90m³ for larger-scale flood irrigation. 3 Water use efficiency increased by 75%, irrigation water utilization coefficient increased by 0.4 (an increase of 80%), and actual water absorption decreased by 33m³. 3 The absorption rate increased by 55%. Sprinkler irrigation is of medium quality, requiring 60 cubic meters of water per acre. 3 The irrigation water utilization coefficient is 0.6, and the actual water absorption per mu is 36m³. 3 Larger flood irrigation reduces water consumption by 60m³ per acre. 3 Water use efficiency increased by 50%, irrigation water utilization coefficient increased by 0.6 (an increase of 20%), and actual water absorption decreased by 24m³. 3 Absorption rate increased by 40%. Flood irrigation is the least efficient, requiring 120m³ of water per acre. 3 The irrigation water utilization coefficient is 0.5, and the actual water absorption per mu is 60m³. 3 .

[0043] Table 6. Comparison of manual application methods for different water and fertilizer applications for citrus varieties.

[0044] Table 6 shows that there are significant differences in labor requirements among the three operation methods. Integrated water and fertilizer management demonstrates an absolute advantage, requiring the fewest workers and achieving the highest labor productivity for the same area. Compared to trenching for compound fertilizer application, it saves 9 workers and increases labor productivity by 90%; compared to surface application of fertilizer, it reduces labor by 5 workers and increases labor productivity by 83.33%, which aligns with the requirements of agricultural modernization. Surface application of fertilizer reduces labor by 4 workers and increases labor productivity by 40% compared to trenching for compound fertilizer application.

[0045] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A fertilizer combination for citrus water and fertilizer integrated fertilization, characterized by, comprising the sprouting period fertilizer, the flowering period fertilizer, the swelling period fertilizer, the mature period fertilizer; the sprouting period fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: ammonium sulfate 5~8 parts; monoammonium phosphate 1~2 parts; chelated iron 2~3 parts; potassium humate 2~3 parts; the flowering period fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3~5 parts; calcium nitrate 1~1.5 parts; magnesium sulfate 1~1.5 parts; ammonium molybdate 0.5~1.5 parts; chelated boron 0.5~1 part; zinc sulfate 1.5~2.5 parts; sodium octaborate tetrahydrate 0.5~1 part; the swelling period fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: potassium nitrate 4~6 parts; calcium sugar alcohol 1~1.3 parts; calcium nitrate 1~1.3 parts; chelated iron 0.5~1.5 parts; potassium silicate 0.5~1 part; potassium fulvic acid 0.5~1 part; the mature period fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: potassium sulfate 5~8 parts; potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1~3 parts; chelated magnesium 1~1.5 parts; ammonium sulfate 2~3 parts; amino acid organic fertilizer: 1~2 parts.

2. The fertilizer composition for citrus water and fertilizer integrated fertilization according to claim 1, characterized in that, the sprouting period fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: ammonium sulfate 6 parts; monoammonium phosphate 1.5 parts; chelated iron 2 parts; potassium humate 2.5 parts; the flowering period fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4 parts; calcium nitrate 1.3 parts; magnesium sulfate 1.2 parts; ammonium molybdate 1 part; chelated boron 0.5 parts; zinc sulfate 2 parts; sodium octaborate tetrahydrate 0.8 parts; the swelling period fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: potassium nitrate 5 parts; calcium sugar alcohol 1.1 parts; calcium nitrate 1.2 parts; chelated iron 1 part; potassium silicate 0.5 parts; potassium fulvic acid 0.5 parts; the mature period fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: potassium sulfate 6 parts; potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 parts; chelated magnesium 1.3 parts; ammonium sulfate 2.5 parts; amino acid organic fertilizer: 1 part.

3. The fertilizer composition for citrus water and fertilizer integrated fertilization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chelated iron uses EDTA chelated iron, the chelated magnesium uses EDTA chelated magnesium, and the chelated boron is EDTA chelated boron.

4. A citrus water and fertilizer integrated fertilization method, characterized in that, The fertilizer combination of the citrus water and fertilizer integrated fertilization of any one of claims 1~3; In the sprouting period of citrus fruit trees, the sprouting period fertilizer is dissolved in water, and the water and fertilizer integrated facilities are used to fertilize the citrus fruit trees; In the flowering period of citrus fruit trees, the flowering period fertilizer is dissolved in water, and the water and fertilizer integrated facilities are used to fertilize the citrus fruit trees; In the swelling period of citrus fruit trees, the swelling period fertilizer is dissolved in water, and the water and fertilizer integrated facilities are used to fertilize the citrus fruit trees; In the mature period of citrus fruit trees, the mature period fertilizer is dissolved in water, and the water and fertilizer integrated facilities are used to fertilize the citrus fruit trees.

5. The citrus water and fertilizer integrated fertilization method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sprouting period fertilizer is dissolved in water, and the water and fertilizer integrated facilities are used to fertilize the citrus fruit trees, specifically including: The sprouting period is from February to March; after the sprouting period fertilizer is dissolved in water, the EC value is controlled at 1.2~1.5 mS / cm, the pH is adjusted to 5.8-6.2, and drip irrigation fertilization is carried out; the drip irrigation flow is 1.5~2 L / plant, and it is applied once every 7-10 days.

6. The citrus water and fertilizer integrated fertilization method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The flowering period fertilizer is dissolved in water, and the water and fertilizer integrated facilities are used to fertilize the citrus fruit trees, specifically including: The flowering period is from April to May; the fertilizer of the flowering period is dissolved in water, and the EC value is controlled at 1.5-1.8 mS / cm, and drip irrigation fertilization is carried out; once every 4-6 days, and the soil water content is maintained at 60-70% of the field water holding capacity.

7. The citrus water and fertilizer integrated fertilization method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fertilizer of the swelling period is dissolved in water, and the fertilizer is applied to the citrus trees through the water-fertilizer integrated facility, specifically including: The swelling period is from June to August; the fertilizer of the swelling period is dissolved in water, and the EC value is controlled at 1.8-2.2 mS / cm, and drip irrigation fertilization is carried out; once every 7 days, and the soil water content is maintained at 60-70% of the field water holding capacity.

8. The citrus water and fertilizer integrated fertilization method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fertilizer of the mature period is dissolved in water, and the fertilizer is applied to the citrus trees through the water-fertilizer integrated facility, specifically including: The mature period is from September to October; the fertilizer of the mature period is dissolved in water, and the EC value is controlled at 1.8-2.2 mS / cm, and drip irrigation fertilization is carried out; the drip irrigation frequency is once every 9-10 days, and each time is 10-20 minutes.

9. Application of the fertilizer combination for citrus water-fertilizer integrated fertilization in claims 1-3 in improving the new shoot length of the growth budding period, the fruit setting rate of the flowering period, the occurrence rate of sunburn of the swelling period, or the single fruit weight of the mature period.

10. Use according to claim 9, characterized in that, The citrus is navel orange.

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