Automatic adjusting device for radial air inlet angle of axial flow air compressor

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic adjusting device for a radial air inlet angle of an axial flow compressor, and belongs to the field of axial flow compressors. Comprising a large rotation module, a small rotation module, a telescopic adjustment module and a flow deflector rotation module. The large rotary module comprises a device base and an annular gear ring fixed on the device base; the small rotary module drives a circumferential angle positioning gear on the small rotary module to be meshed with the annular gear ring through a steering engine, so that the small rotary module can do circular motion along the large rotary module; the telescopic adjusting module is installed on the small rotation module and drives a telescopic plate to do radial reciprocating motion through gear-rack transmission so as to adjust the radial action range of the flow deflector. The flow deflector rotating module is installed at the tail end of the telescopic plate and drives the flow deflector to rotate through at least one air cylinder so as to change the flow area of the air inlet channel. According to the method, the core problem that local and dynamic air inlet distortion cannot be dealt with in the traditional technology is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of axial compressors, and specifically relates to an automatic adjustment device for the radial inlet angle of an axial compressor. Background Technology

[0002] As the "core power heart" of power systems such as aero-engines and gas turbines, the intake state of axial compressors directly determines the overall operating efficiency, stability margin, and service life of the machine. In actual operating scenarios, these types of equipment often face complex and ever-changing operating conditions: aero-engines are affected by airflow disturbances and attitude changes during high-altitude flight; gas turbines encounter fluctuations in intake parameters in power plants or industrial settings; and marine power systems are affected by uneven airflow and salt spray interference in the marine environment. All of these can easily lead to an imbalance in the radial intake state of axial compressors—at best, this can cause airflow separation and a decrease in pressure ratio; at worst, it can induce surge, stall, or even cause blade wear and component burnout, becoming a key bottleneck restricting the reliable operation of high-end power equipment.

[0003] Current methods for controlling the intake of axial compressors in the industry have significant limitations: traditional control devices mostly adopt fixed structures or manual adjustment modes, which cannot respond dynamically to operating conditions. For example, some compressors rely on preset static guide components, which are difficult to adapt quickly to sudden changes in operating conditions. Although some control devices have a certain degree of flexibility, they have problems such as poor adaptability (only able to match specific compressor specifications), low adjustment accuracy (unable to accurately control the intake angle and flow area), and lag response (difficult to keep up with changes in operating conditions in real time). Furthermore, they lack effective support for the linkage between "intake control and compressor performance," which often results in compressors being in a state of "performance compromise"—either sacrificing efficiency to maintain stability or taking on high failure risks to pursue efficiency, making it difficult to meet the dual requirements of "high efficiency + reliability" for modern power equipment.

[0004] Against this backdrop, there is an urgent need for an automatic radial intake angle adjustment device that can adapt to the actual operating environment and achieve dynamic and precise control, thus breaking through the existing technical bottlenecks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved: To avoid the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automatic radial intake angle adjustment device for axial compressors. It provides a global reference through a large rotary module, achieves precise positioning through a small rotary module, and performs fine local operations through its attached telescopic adjustment module and guide vane rotation module. Ultimately, it solves the core problem that traditional technologies cannot cope with localized and dynamic intake distortion.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: an automatic adjustment device for radial air inlet angle of an axial compressor, comprising a large rotary module, a small rotary module, a telescopic adjustment module, and a guide vane rotation module; The large rotary module includes a device base 1 and an annular gear ring 2 fixed thereon, which provides a static installation reference and an annular motion track for the entire device. The small rotary module is driven by the servo motor 10 to engage with the ring gear 2, thereby enabling it to move in a circle along the large rotary module and achieve circumferential positioning of the air intake control point. The telescopic adjustment module is installed on the small rotary module and drives the telescopic plate 9 to perform radial reciprocating motion through gear-rack transmission in order to adjust the radial range of the guide vane 3. The guide vane rotation module is installed at the end of the telescopic plate 9 and drives the guide vane 3 to rotate through at least one cylinder 8 to change the flow area of ​​the air intake channel. The four modules work together to achieve precise three-dimensional control of the axial compressor at different circumferential positions, radial depths, and angles, in order to adapt to dynamically changing intake conditions and effectively suppress local intake distortion.

[0007] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the outer wall of the annular gear ring 2 of the large rotary module is also provided with a rotary positioning groove 4; the small rotary module further includes a rotary wheel 11 and an arc-shaped positioning block 14; the rotary wheel 11 is embedded in the rotary positioning groove 4 and rolls to provide guidance for the movement of the small rotary module; the arc-shaped positioning block 14 is in contact with the side wall of the annular gear ring 2 to limit the radial displacement of the small rotary module.

[0008] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the small rotary module includes a support frame 7, a servo motor 10, a circumferential angle positioning gear 5, a rotary wheel 11, and an arc-shaped positioning block 14; The support frame 7 serves as the main load-bearing structure and is used to install the telescopic adjustment module and the guide vane rotation module; The servo motor 10 is fixedly mounted on the support frame 7, and its output shaft drives the circumferential angle positioning gear 5. The circumferential angle positioning gear 5 meshes with the ring gear 2 of the large rotary module to provide the driving force for circumferential movement. The rotary wheel 11 is rotatably mounted inside the support frame 7 via a servo motor, providing guidance for the circular motion of the support frame 7 and reducing frictional resistance; The arc-shaped positioning block 14 is fixed to the inner side of the support frame 7, and its inner arc surface is in close contact with the outer wall of the annular toothed ring 2. The servo motor 10, circumferential angle positioning gear 5, rotary wheel 11 and arc-shaped positioning block 14 together constitute a motion system integrating driving, transmission, guidance and limiting, ensuring that the small rotary module achieves high-precision and high-stability circular motion on the large rotary module.

[0009] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the telescopic adjustment module adopts a double gear-double rack symmetrical synchronous drive layout; specifically, racks are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the telescopic plate 9, and respectively mesh with two telescopic drive gears 6 driven by a servo motor, forming a force-closed rigid transmission system, which has both transmission and radial guidance functions.

[0010] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the guide vane rotation module includes two cylinders 8, a guide vane 3, and a slide groove 12; wherein the cylinder body of the first cylinder is fixed to the end of the telescopic plate 9, and a slider is installed at the bottom of the cylinder body of the second cylinder, which slides in cooperation with the slide groove 12; the ends of the telescopic rods of the two cylinders are connected to different positions of the guide vane 3 through hinges, and the guide vane 3 is rotated in coordination by controlling the telescopic stroke of the two cylinders.

[0011] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the device base 1 is made of high-strength cast iron and subjected to aging treatment, and the bottom is provided with anchor bolt mounting holes; the annular gear ring 2 is made of No. 45 steel and subjected to tempering and high-frequency quenching treatment on the tooth surface. A further technical solution of the present invention is that the rotary wheel 11 is made of polyurethane; the circumferential angle positioning gear 5 and the telescopic drive gear 6 are made of 20CrMnTi and have undergone carburizing and quenching treatment.

[0012] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the servo motor 10 is equipped with an encoder for real-time feedback of motor speed and position information; the cylinder 8 is a double-acting cylinder.

[0013] A method for automatically adjusting the radial inlet angle of an axial compressor using the aforementioned device includes the following steps: The flow field parameters are monitored in real time by a sensor array installed at the compressor inlet, and the current total pressure distortion index is calculated. The electronic control unit (ECU) receives sensor data and generates coordinated control commands that include the target's circumferential position, the target's radial extension length, and the target's guide vane angle based on the deviation between the real-time flow field and the preset safety threshold. The ECU distributes commands to each module to initiate coordinated control, as follows: S1: Under the drive of the servo motor, the small rotary module drives the telescopic adjustment module and the guide vane rotation module to move to the target circumferential position; S2: The telescopic adjustment module drives the telescopic plate to move to the target radial extension length; S3: The guide vane rotation module drives the guide vane to rotate to the target guide vane angle; Through the above steps, after detecting intake distortion, adjustments are completed within 0.1 seconds, achieving rapid and precise suppression of local intake distortion. A further technical solution of the present invention is that the method can reduce the Mach number non-uniformity factor under circumferential intake 90° distortion conditions from 0.53 to 0.18, and improve the uniformity by more than 66.0%.

[0014] Beneficial effects The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The automatic radial inlet angle adjustment device for axial compressors provided by this invention, through the innovative design and synergistic cooperation of four major modules, brings significant technological progress and multiple beneficial effects, specifically reflected in the following aspects: 1. A revolutionary breakthrough has been achieved from "overall coarse adjustment" to "local fine adjustment", which significantly improves the flow field quality and stability margin of the compressor.

[0015] Existing technologies can only perform synchronous overall adjustment of all guide vanes, failing to address complex localized intake distortion. This invention, through an architecture of "large static track + small mobile platform," enables the control mechanism to move rapidly and precisely position itself to any circumferential distortion sector, achieving "point-to-point" localized flow control. Numerical simulation data shows that this device can significantly reduce the Mach number non-uniformity factor under 90° circumferential intake distortion conditions from 0.53 to 0.18, improving uniformity by over 66%, thereby effectively suppressing flow separation and significantly reducing the risk of compressor surge and stall.

[0016] 2. This invention is not merely an improvement on a single function, but rather integrates control capabilities across three degrees of freedom: circumferential positioning, radial extension / retraction, and angular rotation. This three-dimensional control mode allows the device to flexibly match the optimal control strategy based on the specific characteristics of the distortion (position, range, intensity), achieving precise shaping of the intake airflow field. This not only solves the problem of poor adaptability of traditional devices but also broadly adapts to the control needs of compressors in various complex operating conditions across different fields such as aviation, shipbuilding, and power plants.

[0017] 3. This invention employs a high-precision servo motor (with encoder feedback) and fast-response pneumatic components, combined with an optimized mechanical structure (such as dual gear-rack symmetrical drive and low-friction rotary wheel guidance), resulting in a rapid and precise system response. From monitoring distortion to completing the adjustment, the entire process can be completed within 0.1 seconds, ensuring the timeliness and effectiveness of control and enabling the compressor to easily cope with rapidly changing intake conditions.

[0018] 4. The small rotary module of this invention adopts a triple protection mechanism of "gear drive + roller guide + lateral limiting block" to effectively suppress vibration and offset during movement. The symmetrical layout of the telescopic adjustment module with "double gear-double rack" forms a force-closed rigid system, fundamentally eliminating the risks of off-center loading and jamming. This high-rigidity and high-stability design enables the device to maintain high-precision operation for a long time, even under strong compressor vibration and aerodynamic load environments, resulting in a long service life and low failure rate. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a device for automatically adjusting the radial inlet angle of an axial compressor, as described in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic adjustment module and the guide vane rotation module of an automatic radial air intake angle adjustment device for an axial compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a small rotary module structure for an automatic radial inlet angle adjustment device for an axial compressor, as described in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the grid calculation for an axial compressor in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the Mach number distribution of an axial compressor under uniform air intake conditions in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the Mach number distribution of the axial compressor under 90° circumferential intake distortion conditions in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the Mach number distribution of the axial compressor after using this device under the condition of 90° circumferential air intake distortion in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-device base, 2-ring gear, 3-guide vane, 4-rotation positioning groove, 5-circumferential angle positioning gear, 6-telescopic drive gear, 7-support frame, 8-cylinder, 9-telescopic plate, 10-servo motor, 11-rotating wheel, 12-cylinder slide groove, 13-telescopic plate positioning groove, 14-arc-shaped positioning block. Detailed Implementation The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0022] Currently, there are two main technical approaches in the industry for controlling the intake state of axial compressors: Fixed or integrally synchronized guide vane mechanisms (such as the technology disclosed in prior art CN104632702A): This type of technology drives all guide vanes to rotate synchronously through a set of linkage mechanisms (such as a rotary table or spatial linkage) to achieve overall adjustment of the intake angle. However, this approach has a fundamental limitation: it cannot specifically compensate for local distortions at different locations along the circumference of the intake duct. When non-uniform "hot spots" or "distorted sectors" appear in the flow field, the overall synchronized adjustment is like "flooding," which not only fails to effectively suppress local flow separation but may even worsen the flow state in other normal areas due to the global nature of the adjustment.

[0023] High-precision heavy-duty rotary platform technologies (such as those disclosed in prior art documents CN116652367A and CN216471882U): These technologies provide large-size, high-rigidity rotary motion solutions, but their design intent and application scenarios (such as rocket welding and lifting equipment) are quite different from active airflow control. They focus on load-bearing capacity and static precision, lacking integrated actuators that are dynamically coupled with the compressor flow field and can achieve precise adjustment of radial extension and guide vane angles. Therefore, they cannot be directly applied to solve intake distortion problems.

[0024] Furthermore, existing regulating devices mostly employ hydraulic or pure electric drives, which present problems such as oil leakage risks, complex maintenance, or limited output force, making it difficult to achieve rapid, reliable, and precise response under the harsh operating conditions of compressors. Addressing the need for precise intake state control in actual operation of axial compressors, this device relies on the coordinated operation of four core modules to achieve efficient and precise control of the radial intake angle: the large rotary module serves as the foundation of the device, providing stable installation support and constructing the core motion track; the small rotary module, driven by a servo motor, flexibly adjusts the circumferential position of related components such as the telescopic adjustment module and the guide vane rotation module, achieving precise positioning of the intake control point; the telescopic adjustment module achieves reciprocating motion through gear and rack transmission, changing the radial range of the guide vanes as needed to adapt to the intake requirements under different compressor operating conditions; finally, the guide vane rotation module, driven by a cylinder, precisely controls the rotation angle of the guide vanes—by changing the flow area of ​​the intake channel, real-time adjustment of radial intake states of different intensities and forms is achieved.

[0025] This axial compressor radial intake automatic adjustment device boasts multiple technical advantages: high adjustment precision, accurately controlling the intake angle and channel flow area to ensure control stability; comprehensive control scenarios, covering various intake angle forms and intensity levels to meet complex operating conditions; fast response speed, supporting dynamic real-time adjustment during compressor operation without interruption; minimal airflow interference, with a structural design that avoids additional disturbance to the intake airflow and does not affect the compressor's original flow field characteristics; and wide adaptability, compatible with axial compressors of different operating conditions and specifications, offering strong versatility. Furthermore, the device employs a "servo motor + pneumatic" collaborative drive scheme, completely avoiding the oil leakage risk of traditional hydraulic drive devices. This reduces the difficulty of daily disassembly and maintenance, and decreases long-term consumable and maintenance costs, ultimately providing reliable intake control guarantees for the efficient operation and stable output of the axial compressor.

[0026] The specific structure is as follows: This invention proposes an automatic adjustment device for the radial inlet angle of an axial compressor, including a large rotary module, a small rotary module, a telescopic adjustment module, and a guide vane rotation module; The large rotary module includes a device base 1 and an annular gear ring 2 fixed thereon, which provides a static installation reference and an annular motion track for the entire device. The small rotary module is driven by the servo motor 10 to engage with the ring gear 2, thereby enabling it to move in a circle along the large rotary module and achieve circumferential positioning of the air intake control point. The telescopic adjustment module is installed on the small rotary module and drives the telescopic plate 9 to perform radial reciprocating motion through gear-rack transmission in order to adjust the radial range of the guide vane 3. The guide vane rotation module is installed at the end of the telescopic plate 9 and drives the guide vane 3 to rotate through at least one cylinder 8 to change the flow area of ​​the air intake channel. The four modules work together to achieve precise three-dimensional control of the axial compressor at different circumferential positions, radial depths, and angles, in order to adapt to dynamically changing intake conditions and effectively suppress local intake distortion.

[0027] Preferably, the outer wall of the annular gear ring 2 of the large rotary module is further provided with a rotary positioning groove 4; the small rotary module also includes a rotary wheel 11 and an arc-shaped positioning block 14; the rotary wheel 11 is embedded in the rotary positioning groove 4 and rolls to provide guidance for the movement of the small rotary module; the arc-shaped positioning block 14 is in contact with the side wall of the annular gear ring 2 to limit the radial displacement of the small rotary module.

[0028] Preferably, the small rotary module includes a support frame 7, a servo motor 10, a circumferential angle positioning gear 5, a rotary wheel 11, and an arc-shaped positioning block 14; The support frame 7 serves as the main load-bearing structure and is used to install the telescopic adjustment module and the guide vane rotation module; The servo motor 10 is fixedly mounted on the support frame 7, and its output shaft drives the circumferential angle positioning gear 5. The circumferential angle positioning gear 5 meshes with the ring gear 2 of the large rotary module to provide the driving force for circumferential movement. The rotary wheel 11 is rotatably mounted inside the support frame 7 via a servo motor, providing guidance for the circular motion of the support frame 7 and reducing frictional resistance; The arc-shaped positioning block 14 is fixed to the inner side of the support frame 7, and its inner arc surface is in close contact with the outer wall of the annular toothed ring 2. The servo motor 10, circumferential angle positioning gear 5, rotary wheel 11 and arc-shaped positioning block 14 together constitute a motion system integrating driving, transmission, guidance and limiting, ensuring that the small rotary module achieves high-precision and high-stability circular motion on the large rotary module.

[0029] Preferably, the telescopic adjustment module adopts a dual-gear-dual-rack symmetrical synchronous drive layout; specifically, racks are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the telescopic plate 9, and respectively mesh with two telescopic drive gears 6 driven by a servo motor, forming a force-closed rigid transmission system, which has both transmission and radial guidance functions.

[0030] Preferably, the guide vane rotation module includes two cylinders 8, a guide vane 3, and a slide groove 12; wherein the cylinder body of the first cylinder is fixed to the end of the telescopic plate 9, and a slider is installed at the bottom of the cylinder body of the second cylinder, which slides in cooperation with the slide groove 12; the ends of the telescopic rods of the two cylinders are connected to different positions of the guide vane 3 through hinges, and the guide vane 3 is rotated in coordination by controlling the telescopic stroke of the two cylinders.

[0031] The present invention also proposes a method for automatically adjusting the radial inlet angle of an axial compressor using the aforementioned device, comprising the following steps: The flow field parameters are monitored in real time by a sensor array installed at the compressor inlet, and the current total pressure distortion index is calculated. The electronic control unit (ECU) receives sensor data and generates coordinated control commands that include the target's circumferential position, the target's radial extension length, and the target's guide vane angle based on the deviation between the real-time flow field and the preset safety threshold. The ECU distributes commands to each module to initiate coordinated control, as follows: S1: Under the drive of the servo motor, the small rotary module drives the telescopic adjustment module and the guide vane rotation module to move to the target circumferential position; S2: The telescopic adjustment module drives the telescopic plate to move to the target radial extension length; S3: The guide vane rotation module drives the guide vane to rotate to the target guide vane angle; Through the above steps, after detecting intake distortion, adjustments are completed within 0.1 seconds, achieving rapid and precise suppression of local intake distortion.

[0032] The above technical solution will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples: In one embodiment, refer to Figure 1-3 As shown, this embodiment of an automatic radial inlet angle adjustment device for an axial compressor includes: Large Rotary Module: This module mainly consists of a base and a ring gear. The base is made of high-strength cast iron and undergoes aging treatment to eliminate internal stress, ensuring good rigidity and stability. Anchor bolt mounting holes are provided at the bottom of the base, allowing the device to be fixed to the ground and preventing displacement during operation. The ring gear is made of 45# steel, undergoing tempering and precision machining. The tooth surface is high-frequency quenched to improve hardness and wear resistance. The ring gear is installed inside the base via an interference fit (press fitting). A rotation positioning groove is also provided on the outer wall of the large gear to guide the movement of the smaller rotary module.

[0033] Function: The base provides a stable mounting platform for the entire simulation device, bearing the weight of all other modules and ensuring the overall structural stability of the device. The ring gear serves as the motion track for the small rotary module, meshing with the pinion gear within the module to provide the transmission basis for its circular motion. Simultaneously, the rotary positioning groove of the large gear ring, in conjunction with the rotary wheel of the small rotary module, achieves precise guidance of the module's motion trajectory.

[0034] The small rotary module comprises a support frame, a circumferential angle positioning gear, a servo motor, a rotary wheel, and an arc-shaped positioning block. The support frame is constructed from aluminum alloy profiles, making it lightweight yet strong, and easy to install and adjust. The bottom of the support frame engages with the ring gear of the large rotary module via the circumferential angle positioning gear. The positioning gear is made of 20CrMnTi material, carburized and quenched, resulting in high tooth surface hardness and contact fatigue strength. Driven by the servo motor, which is mounted on the support frame, the circumferential angle positioning gear meshes with the large ring gear to ensure smooth circumferential movement. The servo motor is also equipped with an encoder, providing real-time feedback on the motor's speed and position for precise control. The rotary wheel is made of polyurethane, offering excellent wear resistance and cushioning performance. Mounted on the bottom of the support frame via a bracket, the rotary wheel engages with the rotary positioning groove on the outer wall of the large ring gear, allowing it to roll along the groove and reduce frictional resistance during support frame movement. The arc-shaped positioning block is made of wear-resistant cast iron and is installed on the inner side of the support frame. It fits tightly against the outer wall of the ring gear, which can further limit the radial displacement of the support frame and ensure that the support frame always maintains the correct relative position with the ring gear during the movement, thereby improving the movement accuracy.

[0035] Function: The servo motor drives the circumferential angle positioning gear to rotate along the ring gear, which in turn drives the support frame to move synchronously in a circular motion along the ring gear. This achieves overall position adjustment of the small rotary module itself, as well as the connected telescopic adjustment module and guide vane rotation module. It can control the radial air intake state of the corresponding area for different circumferential positions of the axial compressor. The rotary wheel and the rotary positioning groove of the ring gear are precisely engaged, providing stable guidance for the movement of the support frame, reducing frictional resistance and ensuring the smoothness of the movement. The arc-shaped positioning block further plays a dual role of positioning and limiting, effectively suppressing the risk of radial offset during the movement of the support frame, and ultimately ensuring the positional accuracy and operational controllability of the small rotary module on the large rotary module.

[0036] Telescopic Adjustment Module: Located on the top layer of the support frame, the telescopic adjustment module mainly consists of a telescopic plate, telescopic drive gears, racks, and servos. The telescopic plate is directly formed from aluminum alloy sheet and undergoes surface anti-corrosion treatment, effectively reducing weight while ensuring strength and corrosion resistance. Straight racks are installed on both sides of the telescopic plate using countersunk screws and locating pins to ensure the relative positional accuracy of the racks and the telescopic plate, preventing rack misalignment or loosening during long-term operation. The two straight racks precisely mesh with the telescopic drive gears on both sides. When the servo drives the gears, the gears drive the racks on both sides to move synchronously through tooth surface transmission, thereby pulling the telescopic plate to achieve reciprocating telescopic extension and retraction. The meshing of the racks and gears also serves a guiding function, limiting the lateral displacement of the telescopic plate during movement and ensuring the straightness and stability of the telescopic trajectory. The rotation of the two telescopic drive gears is achieved through servos, which feature high control precision and stable operation. The servos are installed on the bottom layer of the support frame and connected to the two gears on the top layer via drive shafts, providing power for the gear rotation.

[0037] Function: The control system can independently drive two servo motors, which in turn drive the corresponding gears to rotate. Through the precise meshing of the gears and rack, the telescopic plate is further driven to smoothly reciprocate along a preset guide mechanism. By adjusting the extension length of the telescopic plate, the radial position of the guide vane rotation module within the axial compressor can be precisely changed, thereby enabling the regulation of the intake state in different radial regions of the axial compressor and adapting to the radial intake adjustment requirements under different operating conditions.

[0038] The guide vane rotation module, located at the end of the telescopic plate, consists of two cylinders, one guide vane, and a sliding groove. The cylinders are double-acting cylinders, characterized by high output force and smooth operation. One cylinder's body is fixed to the end of the telescopic plate via a bracket, while the bottom of the other cylinder's body is fitted with a slider made of wear-resistant alloy. The sliding groove is fixed at a corresponding position at the end of the telescopic plate, allowing the slider to slide freely within the groove, ensuring smooth reciprocating motion of the cylinder. The guide vane is made of thin steel plate with a smooth surface treatment to reduce resistance to airflow. The ends of the telescopic rods of both cylinders are connected to different positions on the guide vane via hinges, driving the rotation of the guide vane.

[0039] Function: When the rotation angle of the guide vane needs adjustment, the pneumatic control system controls the movement of two cylinders. The extension or retraction rods of the two cylinders extend or retract, and the cylinder with a slider at the bottom automatically slides along the groove. Through the coordinated operation of the two cylinders, the guide vane is rotated, thereby changing the angle between the guide vane and the intake channel, adjusting the flow area of ​​the intake channel, and ultimately achieving the control of different degrees of radial air intake. By precisely controlling the extension and retraction of the two cylinders, high-precision adjustment of the guide vane rotation angle can be achieved, adapting to the dynamic control requirements of axial compressor operation.

[0040] Installation process of the device: 1) Pre-treatment: Clean the mounting boss of the compressor intake casing, remove burrs and oil stains, and check that the flatness of the boss is ≤0.2mm; 2) Large slewing module installation: Fix the module to the boss using a flange, use a dial indicator to check coaxiality, adjust the bolts to ensure the error is ≤0.5mm, tighten the bolts and perform anti-loosening treatment to ensure that the core slewing frame is aligned with the engine axis, providing a guarantee for precise circumferential control; 3) Integrated module installation: Assemble the small slewing module, telescopic adjustment module, and guide vane rotation module into an integrated unit, hoist it onto the ring gear of the large slewing module, and adjust the meshing clearance between the traveling wheel set and the gear (0.1~0.2mm). This integrated unit is the final actuator for performing fine flow field adjustment; 4) Electronic control and sensor installation: Fix the electronic control unit (ECU) in a non-high temperature area of ​​the engine casing (ambient temperature ≤80℃), and lay sensor cables (using high temperature shielded cables). The cable routing should avoid high temperature areas and moving parts, and the fixing spacing should be ≤300mm. 5) Air circuit connection: Connect the cylinder to the engine auxiliary air source system, install the filter pressure reducing valve (pressure adjusted to 0.6MPa) and one-way valve, and conduct an airtightness test to provide a stable and clean power source for actuators such as the guide vane adjustment cylinder.

[0041] The debugging process of the device is as follows: Single module debugging: 1) Large slewing module: The laser collimator and dial indicator are used to adjust and precisely calibrate the axis of the core slewing frame so that it is aligned with the engine axis, providing a precise spatial reference for all subsequent circumferential control actions.

[0042] 2) Small rotary module: Using a high-precision laser tracker, multiple points are selected on the circular track, movement commands are issued and the actual position is recorded. The circumferential positioning error is less than or equal to ±0.1 degrees and the repeatability positioning error is less than or equal to ±0.05 degrees, which meets the requirements of high-precision design. 3) Telescopic Adjustment Module: This module tests the reciprocating motion of the telescopic plate by adjusting commands, checking the stroke accuracy and guide rail smoothness. Throughout the entire range, the deviation between the commanded position and the actual position is less than 0.5mm, and during movement, the radial and tangential offset of the telescopic plate is less than 0.2mm. 4) Guide vane module: Individually controls the rotation of each guide vane, detecting angular accuracy and cylinder response speed. Throughout the entire range, the static error between the actual guide vane angle and the command value is no greater than ±0.5 degrees. Regarding cylinder response speed, the entire process time from command issuance to the guide vane reaching the target position within a ±1 degree error band is measured, with an average response time no greater than 80 milliseconds and no overshoot or oscillation.

[0043] System integration testing: First, communication was established with the host system (FADEC) to verify the real-time performance of command reception and data feedback (delay ≤10ms). Then, the normal operating conditions of the axial compressor were simulated to test the coordinated adjustment performance of the four modules, record the response time and control accuracy, and verify its control accuracy under steady state. Finally, the inlet distortion condition of the axial compressor was simulated, and a distorted flow field was generated through the grid to test the anti-distortion adjustment effect of the device.

[0044] The functional testing and verification workflow of the device is as follows: The device achieves active control of the compressor's radial air intake through a closed-loop logic of monitoring-decision-execution: 1) Monitoring: The total pressure and static pressure sensor array at the compressor inlet monitors the flow field parameters in real time and calculates key indicators such as the current total pressure distortion index.

[0045] 2) Decision-making: The electronic control unit (ECU) receives sensor data and communicates with the host computer (FADEC). The control algorithm built into the ECU generates optimized control commands based on the deviation between the real-time flow field and the preset safety threshold.

[0046] 3) Execution: The ECU distributes commands to each execution module, initiating coordinated control: First, the small rotary module, driven by a servo motor, moves the telescopic adjustment module and the guide vane rotation module along the annular gear ring of the large rotary module, locking the distorted sector; then, the telescopic adjustment module adjusts its intervention depth according to the commands. Finally, the guide vane rotation module synchronously changes its angle of attack for rectification. The entire control process is highly coordinated, ensuring that after detecting intake distortion, the adjustment of parameters such as the guide vane angle is completed within 0.1 seconds, quickly restoring stable flow at the compressor inlet.

[0047] Performance testing: This embodiment takes a high-speed axial flow compressor as the research object and uses a full-channel numerical simulation scheme to evaluate the implementation effect of the device. The numerical simulation grid is as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0048] Non-uniformity factor It is a dimensionless parameter used to quantitatively describe the degree to which the spatial distribution of physical parameters in the flow field of turbomachinery deviates from a uniform state. Its core idea is to intuitively reflect the strength of the non-uniformity of the flow field by quantifying the "degree of deviation of local parameters from the reference standard". The larger the value, the more dispersed the distribution of flow field parameters and the more significant the non-uniformity. The smaller the value, the more ideal and uniform the flow field. Taking the Mach number distribution of an axial compressor under different operating conditions in numerical simulation as an example, the calculation formula is as follows: Area-weighted average Mach number The calculation formula is: (1.1) Mach number non-uniformity factor The calculation formula is: (2) Discretization of the average Mach number obtained from numerical simulation The calculation formula is: (3) Discretization of Mach number inhomogeneity factor for numerical simulation The calculation formula is: (4) To verify the effectiveness of this device, three sets of tests were set up. The first set showed the compressor flow field calculation results under uniform air intake conditions; the second set showed the compressor flow field calculation results under 90° circumferential air intake distortion conditions; and the third set showed the flow field calculation results after using this device under 90° circumferential air intake distortion conditions. Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the Mach number distribution diagrams for the three sets of tests under the design conditions are as follows: To verify the device's effect on suppressing intake distortion, three sets of comparative tests were set up, with their Mach number non-uniformity factors being... The test results are shown in Table 1. Distortion-free baseline group. = 0.12, 90° circumferential distortion group = 0.53, after enabling this device = 0.18. The results show that, through the coordinated operation of different modules, this device can adaptively adjust the compressor intake angle within 0.1s after intake distortion occurs, thereby improving the Mach number uniformity under distortion conditions by 66.0%, effectively reducing the interference of intake distortion on the compressor flow field, and effectively suppressing axial compressor stall and surge phenomena.

[0049] Table 1. Test results of Mach number non-uniformity factor

[0050] The advantages of this invention are as follows: (1) This device adopts a two-level architecture of "large static track + small mobile platform". Through the triple mechanism of gear drive, roller guide and lateral limit, the control mechanism can move with high precision and high rigidity in the circumferential direction, providing a stable mechanical foundation for the whole-domain air intake control.

[0051] (2) An innovative double-gear-double-rack symmetrical synchronous drive layout is adopted to form a force-closed rigid system. This design has both transmission and guidance functions, fundamentally eliminating the risk of off-center loading and ensuring extremely high linear accuracy and stability of radial extension and contraction.

[0052] (3) The guide vane rotation adopts a drive mechanism consisting of a double cylinder and a slide-slider. This design can automatically decouple motion interference, and by precisely controlling the cylinder stroke, the guide vane tilt angle can be adjusted steplessly and with high resolution.

[0053] (4) This device can improve the uniformity of Mach number under distorted conditions by 66.0%, effectively reduce the interference of intake distortion on the compressor flow field, and effectively suppress the stall and surge phenomenon of axial compressor.

[0054] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for automatic adjustment of the radial intake angle of an axial compressor, characterized in that, It comprises a large rotary module, a small rotary module, a telescopic adjustment module and a guide vane rotary module. The large rotary module comprises a device base (1) and an annular gear ring (2) fixed thereon, which is used to provide a static installation reference and an annular movement track for the whole device. The small rotary module drives the circumferential angle positioning gear (5) on it to mesh with the annular gear ring (2) through a steering engine (10), so that it can make circumferential movement along the large rotary module to realize circumferential positioning of the air intake control point. The telescopic adjustment module is installed on the small rotary module and drives the telescopic plate (9) to make radial reciprocating movement through gear-rack transmission to adjust the radial action range of the guide vane (3). The guide vane rotary module is installed at the end of the telescopic plate (9) and drives the guide vane (3) to rotate through at least one air cylinder (8) to change the flow area of the air intake passage. The four modules work together to realize three-dimensional coordinated and accurate control of the axial flow compressor at different circumferential positions, different radial depths and different angles to adapt to the dynamically changing air intake conditions and effectively suppress local air intake distortion.

2. The device for automatic adjustment of the radial inlet angle of an axial compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular gear ring (2) of the large rotary module is further provided with a rotary positioning groove (4); the small rotary module further comprises a rotary wheel (11) and an arc-shaped positioning block (14); the rotary wheel (11) is embedded in the rotary positioning groove (4) and rolls to provide guidance for the movement of the small rotary module; and the arc-shaped positioning block (14) is attached to the side wall of the annular gear ring (2) to limit the radial displacement of the small rotary module.

3. The device for automatic adjustment of the radial inlet angle of an axial compressor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The small rotary module comprises a support frame (7), a steering engine (10), a circumferential angle positioning gear (5), a rotary wheel (11) and an arc-shaped positioning block (14). The support frame (7) is used as a bearing body to install the telescopic adjustment module and the guide vane rotary module. The steering engine (10) is fixedly installed on the support frame (7) and its output shaft is connected with the circumferential angle positioning gear (5) to provide driving force for circumferential movement. The rotary wheel (11) is rotatably installed on the inner side of the support frame (7) to provide guidance for the circumferential movement of the support frame (7) and reduce friction resistance. The arc-shaped positioning block (14) is fixed to the inner side of the support frame (7) and its inner arc surface is tightly attached to the outer wall of the annular gear ring (2). The steering engine (10), the circumferential angle positioning gear (5), the rotary wheel (11) and the arc-shaped positioning block (14) jointly constitute a movement system integrated with driving, transmission, guidance and limiting to ensure that the small rotary module realizes high-precision and high-stability circumferential movement on the large rotary module.

4. The device for automatic adjustment of the radial inlet angle of an axial compressor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The telescopic adjustment module adopts a double-gear-double-rack symmetrical synchronous driving layout; specifically, racks are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the telescopic plate (9) and are respectively meshed with two telescopic drive gears (6) driven by the steering engine to constitute a force-closed rigid transmission system, which has both transmission and radial guidance functions.

5. A device for automatic adjustment of the radial inlet angle of an axial compressor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide vane rotating module comprises two air cylinders (8), a guide vane (3) and a sliding groove (12); the cylinder body of the first air cylinder is fixed at the end of the telescopic plate (9), the cylinder body of the second air cylinder is provided with a sliding block at the bottom, and the sliding block is in sliding fit with the sliding groove (12); the telescopic rods of the two air cylinders are connected with different positions of the guide vane (3) through hinges at the ends, and the guide vane (3) is driven to rotate by controlling the telescopic strokes of the two air cylinders.

6. A device for automatic adjustment of the radial inlet angle of an axial compressor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The device base (1) is made of high-strength cast iron and is subjected to aging treatment, and is provided with foundation bolt mounting holes at the bottom; the annular gear ring (2) is made of 45 steel and is subjected to quenching and tempering and gear face high-frequency quenching treatment.

7. A device for automatic adjustment of the radial inlet angle of an axial compressor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating wheel (11) is made of polyurethane material; the circumferential angle positioning gear (5) and the telescopic drive gear (6) are made of 20CrMnTi material and are subjected to carburizing and quenching treatment.

8. The device for automatic adjustment of the radial inlet angle of an axial compressor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steering engine (10) is provided with an encoder for real-time feedback of motor speed and position information; the air cylinder (8) is a double-acting air cylinder.

9. A method for automatically adjusting the radial intake angle of an axial compressor using the apparatus of any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: Real-time monitoring of flow field parameters through a sensor array arranged at the inlet of the compressor, and calculation of the current total pressure distortion index; An electronic control unit (ECU) receives sensor data, generates a coordinated control instruction containing a target circumferential position, a target radial extension length and a target guide vane angle according to the deviation of the real-time flow field from the preset safety threshold; The ECU distributes the instruction to each module and starts coordinated control, with the following steps: S1: The small rotating module moves to the target circumferential position under the drive of the steering engine, driving the telescopic adjustment module and the guide vane rotating module to move; S2: The telescopic adjustment module drives the telescopic plate to move to the target radial extension length; S3: The guide vane rotating module drives the guide vane to rotate to the target guide vane angle; Through the above steps, after detecting the inlet distortion, the adjustment is completed within 0.1 seconds, realizing rapid and accurate suppression of local inlet distortion.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein: The method can reduce the Mach number unevenness factor from 0.53 to 0.18 under the condition of 90° circumferential inlet distortion, and the uniformity is improved by more than 66.0%.

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