Method and device for determining optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of multi-type frequency modulation resources

Abstract

The invention provides a method and device for determining an optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of multi-type frequency modulation resources, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a primary frequency modulation simulation model which corresponds to a target regional power grid and comprises the multi-type frequency modulation resources, and the multi-type frequency modulation resources comprise at least one of thermal power, hydroelectric power, wind power, photovoltaic power and energy storage; based on the frequency modulation effect and frequency modulation cost of the multi-type frequency modulation resources, constructing a primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model of the multi-type frequency modulation resources, the primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model comprising a primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization objective function and constraint conditions; and performing simulation based on the dead zone combination of the multi-type frequency modulation resources and the primary frequency modulation simulation model to obtain a simulation result, and solving the primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model based on the simulation result to obtain an optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of the multi-type frequency modulation resources. According to the invention, overall optimization of the frequency modulation cost and the frequency modulation effect of primary frequency modulation of the regional power system can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system frequency regulation control technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for determining the optimal primary frequency regulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency regulation resources. Background Technology

[0002] The dead zone of primary frequency regulation is an important parameter affecting the frequency regulation characteristics of a system. In actual power systems, most power disturbances are of general amplitude. The power of frequency regulating units will not reach the limit during most power disturbance regulation processes, but the effect of the dead zone is significant for disturbances of various amplitudes.

[0003] Currently, some standards have given clear requirements for the dead zone of different types of units. The primary frequency regulation dead zone range of thermal power is ±0~±0.033 Hz, that of hydropower is ±0~±0.05 Hz, that of wind power is ±0.03~±0.1 Hz, that of photovoltaic power is ±0.02~±0.06 Hz, and that of energy storage is ±0.03~±0.05 Hz.

[0004] However, the allowable range for dead-band settings specified in the standard is still relatively large, and different dead-band parameter settings for various types of FM resources can significantly affect the FM performance. To optimize the primary FM dead-band settings for various types of FM resources, a series of methods have qualitatively set the FM priority of various types of FM resources through analysis of FM cost and FM performance, and set specific dead-band parameters based on typical values. However, current research lacks quantitative collaborative optimization of the primary FM dead-band for various types of resources. Therefore, an effective solution is urgently needed to address the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a method and apparatus for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone for multiple types of frequency modulation resources.

[0006] This invention provides a method for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone for multiple types of frequency modulation resources, including: Obtain a primary frequency regulation simulation model of the target area power grid that includes multiple types of frequency regulation resources, wherein the multiple types of frequency regulation resources include at least one of thermal power, hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic power and energy storage; Based on the frequency modulation effect and frequency modulation cost of the various types of frequency modulation resources, a primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model is constructed for the various types of frequency modulation resources. The primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model includes a primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization objective function and constraints. Simulations are performed based on the dead-zone combination of the various types of frequency modulation resources and the primary frequency modulation simulation model to obtain simulation results. Based on the simulation results, the primary frequency modulation dead-zone optimization model is solved to obtain the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of the various types of frequency modulation resources.

[0007] According to the present invention, a method for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency modulation resources, wherein the method comprises constructing a primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model for the multiple types of frequency modulation resources based on the frequency modulation effect and frequency modulation cost of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources, including: Based on the frequency modulation effect, the frequency modulation cost, power disturbance, each operating scenario and the probability of each operating scenario, the objective function for optimizing the dead zone of the first frequency modulation is constructed. The constraints are constructed based on the maximum frequency deviation and the steady-state frequency deviation.

[0008] According to the present invention, a method for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency modulation resources is provided, wherein the objective function for optimizing the primary frequency modulation dead zone is: Where, m j Let p be the probability of the j-th typical operating scenario. k Let λ be the probability of the k-th power disturbance occurring. i Let ΔP be the unit frequency modulation cost coefficient for the i-th type of frequency modulation resource. j,k,i Let be the frequency modulation offset power of the ith frequency modulation resource after the ith power disturbance occurs in the ith typical operating scenario, T be the primary frequency modulation time scale, ρ be the frequency economic weighting coefficient, and r be the frequency modulation offset power of the ith frequency modulation resource after the ith power disturbance occurs in the ith typical operating scenario. k Let Δf be the risk coefficient for the k-th power disturbance. j,k The frequency deviation of the system after the k-th power disturbance occurs under the j-th typical operating scenario.

[0009] According to the present invention, a method for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency modulation resources is provided, wherein the constraints include maximum frequency deviation constraints and steady-state frequency deviation constraints. The maximum frequency deviation constraint is: max|Δf(t)|≤f1 The steady-state frequency deviation constraint is: |Δf ∞ |≤f2 Where Δf(t) is the maximum frequency deviation at time t, f1 is the maximum frequency deviation limit, and Δf ∞ f1 represents the steady-state frequency deviation of the system, and f2 represents the steady-state frequency deviation limit.

[0010] According to the present invention, a method for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency modulation resources, before performing simulation based on the dead zone combination of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources and the primary frequency modulation simulation model to obtain the simulation results, further includes: The dead-time combination in the multi-type frequency modulation resources is set as follows: Where, ε TP For the primary frequency regulation dead zone of thermal power plants; ε HG For the primary frequency regulation dead zone of hydropower; ε WP For wind power primary frequency regulation dead zone; ε PV For photovoltaic primary frequency regulation dead zone; ε ES For energy storage, the primary frequency regulation dead zone; N i (i=1,2,3,4,5) represents the discrete number of primary frequency modulation dead zone variables for each type of frequency modulation resource; ε ~,~ Discrete values ​​are assigned to the primary frequency modulation dead zone for each type of frequency modulation resource.

[0011] According to the present invention, a method for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency modulation resources includes: performing simulation based on the dead zone combination of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources and the primary frequency modulation simulation model to obtain simulation results; and solving the primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model based on the simulation results to obtain the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources, comprising: For any of the dead-zone combinations, based on the primary frequency modulation simulation model, simulations are performed on the dead-zone combinations under different simulation scenarios to obtain the simulation results of the dead-zone combinations in each simulation scenario. The simulation scenarios include operating scenarios and power disturbances. Based on the simulation results of the dead zone combination in each of the simulation scenarios and the first-order frequency modulation dead zone optimization model, the superposition target value corresponding to the dead zone combination is calculated. Based on the superposition target value corresponding to each dead zone combination, the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of the multi-type frequency modulation resources is determined from each dead zone combination.

[0012] The present invention also provides a device for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency modulation resources, comprising: The acquisition module is configured to acquire a primary frequency regulation simulation model of the target area power grid, which includes multiple types of frequency regulation resources, including at least one of thermal power, hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic power and energy storage. The construction module is configured to construct a primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model for the multiple types of frequency modulation resources based on the frequency modulation effect and frequency modulation cost. The primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model includes a primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization objective function and constraints. The solution module is configured to perform simulation based on the dead zone combination of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources and the primary frequency modulation simulation model, obtain simulation results, and solve the primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model based on the simulation results to obtain the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources.

[0013] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources as described above.

[0014] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements a method for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency modulation resources as described above.

[0015] The present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements a method for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency modulation resources as described above.

[0016] This invention provides a method and apparatus for determining the optimal primary frequency regulation dead zone for multiple types of frequency regulation resources. The method involves obtaining a primary frequency regulation simulation model of the target regional power grid, encompassing multiple types of frequency regulation resources, including at least one of thermal power, hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic power, and energy storage. Based on the frequency regulation effects and costs of these resources, an optimization model for the primary frequency regulation dead zone is constructed, comprising an objective function and constraints. Simulations are performed using the dead zone combinations of the multiple frequency regulation resources and the primary frequency regulation simulation model to obtain simulation results. The optimization model is then solved based on these simulation results to obtain the optimal primary frequency regulation dead zone for the multiple types of frequency regulation resources. This invention, through quantitative and collaborative optimization of the primary frequency regulation dead zone of multiple resource types, enables the overall optimization of frequency regulation costs and effects in the primary frequency regulation of a regional power system. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone for multiple types of frequency modulation resources provided by this invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the process for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 A comparison chart of frequency modulation cost and frequency modulation effect provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 A comparison graph of the average frequency curves under typical power disturbances provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the device for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency modulation resources provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0025] The following is combined with Figures 1-6 The present invention describes a method and apparatus for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency modulation resources.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone for multiple types of frequency modulation resources provided by this invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes steps 101 to 103.

[0027] Step 101: Obtain the primary frequency regulation simulation model of the target area power grid, which includes multiple types of frequency regulation resources.

[0028] The multi-type frequency regulation resources include at least one of thermal power, hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic power, energy storage, and any other resources that can be frequency regulated.

[0029] Specifically, the target area power grid refers to the regional power grid where the optimal primary frequency regulation dead zone needs to be determined.

[0030] In practical applications, a primary frequency regulation simulation model of a regional power grid containing multiple types of frequency regulation resources can be obtained. This primary frequency regulation simulation model takes power disturbance as input and can output the system frequency curve and the primary frequency regulation power curve of each type of frequency regulation resource.

[0031] It should be noted that the primary frequency regulation simulation model can be obtained by modeling based on the primary frequency regulation simulation modeling method corresponding to the regional power grid, and this invention does not impose any limitations on it.

[0032] Step 102: Based on the frequency modulation effect and frequency modulation cost of the multi-type frequency modulation resources, construct a primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model for the multi-type frequency modulation resources. The primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model includes a primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization objective function and constraints.

[0033] Specifically, based on the obtained primary frequency modulation simulation model, a primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model that comprehensively considers the frequency modulation effect and frequency modulation cost of multiple types of frequency modulation resources can be established.

[0034] When the primary frequency regulation deadband settings for multiple types of frequency regulation resources are all large, the frequency regulation resources operate less frequently, resulting in lower frequency regulation costs, but the system's frequency regulation performance is poor. Conversely, if only frequency regulation performance is considered, a smaller deadband is better, but an excessively small deadband will cause the frequency regulation units to operate frequently, significantly impacting unit lifespan and leading to excessively high frequency regulation costs. Therefore, the optimization objective of the primary frequency regulation deadband optimization model should comprehensively consider both the total primary frequency regulation cost (frequency regulation cost) and the overall frequency regulation performance of the system.

[0035] Evaluation metrics for frequency modulation (FM) performance may include at least one of the following: rate of change of frequency, maximum frequency deviation, steady-state frequency deviation, and frequency deviation integral. The rate of change of frequency and maximum frequency deviation reflect the transient characteristics of the frequency, while the steady-state frequency deviation reflects the steady-state characteristics.

[0036] To comprehensively reflect both transient and steady-state characteristics of frequency, the frequency deviation integral can be selected as an evaluation index. Both transient changes and steady-state deviations of frequency can be reflected in this evaluation index, achieving a more comprehensive evaluation result than other evaluation indices.

[0037] Step 103: Perform simulation based on the dead zone combination of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources and the primary frequency modulation simulation model to obtain simulation results, and solve the primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model based on the simulation results to obtain the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources.

[0038] Specifically, a dead zone is a combination of dead zones.

[0039] In practical applications, based on the primary frequency modulation simulation model containing multiple types of frequency modulation resources and the primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model containing multiple types of frequency modulation resources, the primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization problem of multiple types of frequency modulation resources can be solved based on the primary frequency modulation simulation model containing multiple types of frequency modulation resources and the dead zone combination of multiple types of frequency modulation resources, so as to obtain the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency modulation resources.

[0040] Specifically, the model parameters of the primary frequency modulation simulation model can be modified based on different dead-zone combinations of various types of frequency modulation resources. Then, the primary frequency modulation simulation model with different power disturbance injection parameters can be simulated to obtain different simulation results. Based on the simulation results, the primary frequency modulation dead-zone optimization model can be solved to obtain the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone for various types of frequency modulation resources.

[0041] The present invention provides a method for determining the optimal primary frequency regulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency regulation resources. This method involves obtaining a primary frequency regulation simulation model of the target regional power grid, comprising at least one of thermal power, hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic power, and energy storage. Based on the frequency regulation effect and cost of these multiple types of resources, an optimization model for the primary frequency regulation dead zone is constructed. This optimization model includes an objective function and constraints for optimizing the primary frequency regulation dead zone. Simulations are performed based on the dead zone combination of the multiple types of frequency regulation resources and the primary frequency regulation simulation model to obtain simulation results. The optimization model is then solved based on these simulation results to obtain the optimal primary frequency regulation dead zone for the multiple types of frequency regulation resources. In other words, through quantitative and coordinated optimization of the primary frequency regulation dead zones of multiple types of resources, the overall optimal frequency regulation cost and effect of primary frequency regulation in the regional power system can be achieved.

[0042] In one or more optional embodiments of the present invention, the step of constructing a primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model for the multiple types of frequency modulation resources based on the frequency modulation effect and frequency modulation cost of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources includes: Based on the frequency modulation effect, the frequency modulation cost, power disturbance, each operating scenario and the probability of each operating scenario, the objective function for optimizing the dead zone of the first frequency modulation is constructed. The constraints are constructed based on the maximum frequency deviation and the steady-state frequency deviation.

[0043] Specifically, the optimization objective of the primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model should comprehensively consider the total cost of primary frequency modulation (frequency modulation cost) and the overall frequency modulation effect of the system.

[0044] Meanwhile, the optimization objective (objective function for primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization) of the primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model should also consider power disturbances of different magnitudes in the actual system. For small-power disturbances occurring frequently in the system, the risk of the system frequency exceeding the limit is very small, and the focus should be on the frequency modulation cost in small disturbance scenarios. However, for large-power disturbances occurring infrequently in the system, the risk of the system frequency exceeding the limit is greater, and the focus should be on the system frequency modulation effect, while the frequency modulation cost should be a secondary factor.

[0045] To improve the adaptability of the primary frequency regulation dead zone optimization results under multiple operating scenarios, the optimization objective should also consider various typical operating scenarios of the system and their probability distribution (the probability of each operating scenario), which can be obtained by analyzing historical operating data through clustering algorithms in actual power systems.

[0046] Based on the above analysis, the objective function for optimizing the dead zone of primary frequency modulation (FM) resources, taking into account both FM cost and FM effect, can be: Where, m j Let p be the probability of the j-th typical operating scenario. k Let λ be the probability of the k-th power disturbance occurring. i Let ΔP be the unit frequency modulation cost coefficient for the i-th type of frequency modulation resource. j,k,i Let be the frequency modulation offset power of the ith frequency modulation resource after the ith power disturbance occurs in the ith typical operating scenario, T be the primary frequency modulation time scale, ρ be the frequency economic weighting coefficient, and r be the frequency modulation offset power of the ith frequency modulation resource after the ith power disturbance occurs in the ith typical operating scenario. k Let Δf be the risk coefficient for the k-th power disturbance. j,k The frequency deviation of the system after the k-th power disturbance occurs under the j-th typical operating scenario.

[0047] In addition, the frequency modulation time scale can be set to 15 seconds (s).

[0048] At the control level, the optimization of the dead zone in primary frequency modulation for multiple types of frequency modulation resources needs to ensure the safety of the optimization results under high-power disturbances, i.e., constraints are imposed on the maximum frequency deviation, steady-state frequency deviation, and maximum frequency change rate. Considering the stability of system operation, the dead zone parameter is generally not set to 0. Since the maximum frequency change rate in the primary frequency modulation process usually occurs at the instant of power disturbance, the dead zone setting has no impact on the maximum frequency change rate. The constraints only need to consider the maximum frequency deviation constraint and the steady-state frequency deviation constraint; that is, the constraints include both the maximum frequency deviation constraint and the steady-state frequency deviation constraint.

[0049] Specifically, the maximum frequency deviation constraint is: max|Δf(t)|≤f1 The steady-state frequency deviation constraint is: |Δf ∞ |≤f2 Where Δf(t) is the maximum frequency deviation at time t, f1 is the maximum frequency deviation limit, and Δf ∞ f1 represents the steady-state frequency deviation of the system, and f2 represents the steady-state frequency deviation limit.

[0050] It should be noted that, at the model level, the participation of various types of frequency modulation resources in primary frequency modulation may be subject to capacity constraints or energy constraints, which are implicitly included in the primary frequency modulation simulation model and do not need to be specified separately.

[0051] Typical parameter values ​​for the primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model can be found in Tables 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.

[0052] Table 1. System power disturbance parameter values

[0053] Table 2. Values ​​of Unit Frequency Modulation Cost Coefficient and Frequency Economic Weight Coefficient for Various Types of Frequency Modulation Resources

[0054] Table 3. Values ​​of System Frequency Constraint Coefficients

[0055] Table 4 Typical Operating Scenario Parameters of the System

[0056] Table 5 Discrete values ​​of primary frequency modulation dead zone for various types of frequency modulation resources

[0057] Where: λ TP λ is the unit frequency regulation cost coefficient for thermal power units. HG λ is the unit frequency regulation cost coefficient for hydropower units. WP λ is the unit frequency regulation cost coefficient for wind turbine generators. PV λ is the unit frequency regulation cost coefficient for photovoltaics; ES This is the unit frequency regulation cost coefficient for energy storage.

[0058] If the actual parameter values ​​of the regional power grid differ significantly from the typical values, it is necessary to obtain the corresponding data from Table 1-5 of the actual regional power grid to determine the relevant parameter values.

[0059] In this embodiment of the invention, the objective function for optimizing the dead zone of primary frequency modulation is constructed by considering frequency modulation effect, frequency modulation cost, power disturbance, various operating scenarios and their probabilities. This ensures the accuracy and reliability of the objective function for optimizing the dead zone of primary frequency modulation. Constraints are constructed from the maximum frequency deviation and steady-state frequency deviation. While ensuring the constraint effect and safety, constraints on the maximum frequency change rate are avoided, thus reducing the amount of data processing.

[0060] In one or more optional embodiments of the present invention, before performing simulation based on the dead-zone combination of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources and the primary frequency modulation simulation model to obtain the simulation results, the method further includes: The dead-time combination in the multi-type frequency modulation resources is set as follows: Where, ε TP For the primary frequency regulation dead zone of thermal power plants; ε HG For the primary frequency regulation dead zone of hydropower; ε WP For wind power primary frequency regulation dead zone; ε PV For photovoltaic primary frequency regulation dead zone; ε ES For energy storage, the primary frequency regulation dead zone; N i (i=1,2,3,4,5) represents the discrete number of primary frequency modulation dead zone variables for each type of frequency modulation resource; ε ~,~ Discrete values ​​are assigned to the primary frequency modulation dead zone for each type of frequency modulation resource.

[0061] In practical applications, the dead-zone settings for various types of frequency regulation resources need to meet standard requirements. According to GB / T 40595-2021 "Technical Specifications and Test Guidelines for Primary Frequency Regulation of Grid-Connected Power Sources," the dead-zone range for thermal power is ±0~±0.033Hz, hydropower is ±0~±0.05Hz, wind power is ±0.03~±0.1Hz, photovoltaic power is ±0.02~±0.06Hz, and energy storage is ±0.03~±0.05Hz. Based on the accuracy limitations of actual site frequency measurement devices and the engineering practicality of dead-zone settings, the dead-zone of various types of frequency regulation resources can be set as a discrete variable, i.e.: In this embodiment of the invention, based on standard requirements, accuracy limitations, and the engineering practicality of dead zone settings, dead zone combinations of discrete variables are set. This ensures the rationality of the dead zone combination settings, which is beneficial to ensuring the accuracy of subsequent simulation results, thereby improving the reliability and accuracy of the finally determined optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone.

[0062] In one or more optional embodiments of the present invention, the step of performing simulation based on the dead-zone combination of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources and the primary frequency modulation simulation model to obtain simulation results, and solving the primary frequency modulation dead-zone optimization model based on the simulation results to obtain the optimal primary frequency modulation dead-zone of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources, includes: For any of the dead-zone combinations, based on the primary frequency modulation simulation model, simulations are performed on the dead-zone combinations under different simulation scenarios to obtain the simulation results of the dead-zone combinations in each simulation scenario. The simulation scenarios include operating scenarios and power disturbances. Based on the simulation results of the dead zone combination in each of the simulation scenarios and the first-order frequency modulation dead zone optimization model, the superposition target value corresponding to the dead zone combination is calculated. Based on the superposition target value corresponding to each dead zone combination, the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of the multi-type frequency modulation resources is determined from each dead zone combination.

[0063] Specifically, see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the process for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone provided by the present invention. The optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone can be determined according to the following process.

[0064] Traversal A combination of dead zones, where N q This represents the number of dead zone combinations corresponding to the q-th type of frequency modulation resource.

[0065] Initialize the parameters, let j=1, k=1, l=1, S l =0, where j represents the j-th typical operating scenario, k represents the k-th power disturbance, l represents the l-th dead zone combination, and S l The target value is represented by the l-th dead zone combination.

[0066] Modify the model parameters (for the primary frequency modulation simulation model) based on the l-th dead zone combination.

[0067] Modify the model parameters (of the primary frequency modulation simulation model) according to the j-th typical (operational) scenario.

[0068] Apply the k-th power perturbation to the primary frequency modulation simulation model with adjusted parameters, run the simulation, and obtain the simulation results.

[0069] Based on the simulation results, calculate S l Calculate S l The formula is as follows: Determine if k=k N Whether it is true or not, where k N This represents the number of power disturbances.

[0070] If not, then let k = k + 1, return to the step of applying the kth power perturbation and running the simulation, and continue execution.

[0071] If so, let j = j + 1, k = 1, and determine if j > j. N Whether it is true or not, where j N This represents the number of typical operating scenarios.

[0072] If j > j N If the condition is not met, return to the step of modifying the model parameters according to the j-th typical scenario and continue execution.

[0073] If j > j N If established, then S l+1=0, l=l+1, j=1, and determine if l> Whether it is valid or not.

[0074] If not, return to the step of modifying the model parameters according to the l-th dead zone combination and continue execution.

[0075] If so, then record S. l .

[0076] After iterating through all cases, we get {S1, S2, ..., ...} }, where l N = Characterizes the number of dead zone combinations.

[0077] Furthermore, let {S1,S2,……, The index of the minimum value in} is l0. The l0th dead zone combination is the optimal dead zone combination, which is the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency modulation resources.

[0078] In this embodiment of the invention, the dead zone combination with the smallest target value is determined as the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency modulation resources, which can ensure the optimality of the primary frequency modulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency modulation resources.

[0079] For example, a simulation model is built on a MATLAB or Simulink simulation platform, in which the installed capacity of thermal power units accounts for 20%, hydropower 10%, wind power 30%, photovoltaic 30%, and energy storage 10%. The primary frequency regulation strategy for wind power, photovoltaic, and energy storage participating in frequency regulation is the classic droop control, with the droop rate set to 0.04.

[0080] Under this example, the optimal dead zones obtained by solving the optimization model are set as follows: thermal power ±0.033Hz, hydropower ±0.02Hz, wind power ±0.05Hz, photovoltaic ±0.02Hz, and energy storage ±0.03Hz. A typical dead zone setting in a real-world system is: thermal power ±0.033Hz, hydropower ±0.05Hz, wind power ±0.05Hz, photovoltaic ±0.05Hz, and energy storage ±0.05Hz.

[0081] Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of frequency modulation cost and frequency modulation effect provided by the present invention. The comparison of frequency modulation cost and frequency modulation effect in this example is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, smaller values ​​are preferred. Blue represents the optimal dead zone, and red represents the typical dead zone. The first set of bars represents the frequency modulation cost, the second set of bars represents the frequency modulation effect, and the third set of bars represents the overall objective.

[0082] Figure 4 A comparison diagram of the average frequency curves under typical power disturbances provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 4As shown, the blue line represents the optimal dead zone, the red line represents the typical dead zone, the horizontal axis is time t in seconds, and the vertical axis is the maximum frequency deviation Δf in Hz.

[0083] The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the method for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency modulation resources provided by this invention.

[0084] The following describes the apparatus for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency modulation resources provided by the present invention. The apparatus for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency modulation resources described below can be referred to in correspondence with the method for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency modulation resources described above.

[0085] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the device for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency modulation resources provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the device includes: The acquisition module 501 is configured to acquire a primary frequency regulation simulation model of the target area power grid, which includes multiple types of frequency regulation resources, including at least one of thermal power, hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic power and energy storage. The construction module 502 is configured to construct a primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model for the multiple types of frequency modulation resources based on the frequency modulation effect and frequency modulation cost of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources. The primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model includes a primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization objective function and constraints. The solution module 503 is configured to perform simulation based on the dead zone combination of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources and the primary frequency modulation simulation model, obtain simulation results, and solve the primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model based on the simulation results to obtain the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources.

[0086] The present invention provides a device for determining the optimal primary frequency regulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency regulation resources. This device acquires a primary frequency regulation simulation model of the target regional power grid, which includes at least one of thermal power, hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic power, and energy storage. Based on the frequency regulation effect and cost of these multiple types of resources, it constructs a primary frequency regulation dead zone optimization model, which includes an objective function and constraints. Simulations are performed based on the dead zone combination of the multiple types of resources and the primary frequency regulation simulation model to obtain simulation results. The optimization model is then solved based on these simulation results to obtain the optimal primary frequency regulation dead zone for the multiple types of resources. In other words, through quantitative and coordinated optimization of the primary frequency regulation dead zones of multiple types of resources, the overall optimal frequency regulation cost and effect of primary frequency regulation in the regional power system can be achieved.

[0087] In one or more optional embodiments of the present invention, the construction module 502 is specifically configured as follows: Based on the frequency modulation effect, the frequency modulation cost, power disturbance, each operating scenario and the probability of each operating scenario, the objective function for optimizing the dead zone of the first frequency modulation is constructed. The constraints are constructed based on the maximum frequency deviation and the steady-state frequency deviation.

[0088] In one or more optional embodiments of the present invention, the objective function for optimizing the primary frequency modulation dead zone is: Where, m j Let p be the probability of the j-th typical operating scenario. k Let λ be the probability of the k-th power disturbance occurring. i Let ΔP be the unit frequency modulation cost coefficient for the i-th type of frequency modulation resource. j,k,i Let be the frequency modulation offset power of the ith frequency modulation resource after the ith power disturbance occurs in the ith typical operating scenario, T be the primary frequency modulation time scale, ρ be the frequency economic weighting coefficient, and r be the frequency modulation offset power of the ith frequency modulation resource after the ith power disturbance occurs in the ith typical operating scenario. k Let Δf be the risk coefficient for the k-th power disturbance. j,k The frequency deviation of the system after the k-th power disturbance occurs under the j-th typical operating scenario.

[0089] In one or more optional embodiments of the present invention, the constraints include maximum frequency deviation constraints and steady-state frequency deviation constraints; The maximum frequency deviation constraint is: max|Δf(t)|≤f1 The steady-state frequency deviation constraint is: |Δf ∞ |≤f2 Where Δf(t) is the maximum frequency deviation at time t, f1 is the maximum frequency deviation limit, and Δf ∞ f1 represents the steady-state frequency deviation of the system, and f2 represents the steady-state frequency deviation limit.

[0090] In one or more optional embodiments of the present invention, the device for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of the multi-type frequency modulation resources further includes a setting module configured to: The dead-time combination in the multi-type frequency modulation resources is set as follows: Where, ε TP For the primary frequency regulation dead zone of thermal power plants; ε HG For the primary frequency regulation dead zone of hydropower; ε WP For wind power primary frequency regulation dead zone; εPV For photovoltaic primary frequency regulation dead zone; ε ES For energy storage, the primary frequency regulation dead zone; N i (i=1,2,3,4,5) represents the discrete number of primary frequency modulation dead zone variables for each type of frequency modulation resource; ε ~,~ Discrete values ​​are assigned to the primary frequency modulation dead zone for each type of frequency modulation resource.

[0091] In one or more optional embodiments of the present invention, the solving module 503 is specifically configured to include: For any of the dead-zone combinations, based on the primary frequency modulation simulation model, simulations are performed on the dead-zone combinations under different simulation scenarios to obtain the simulation results of the dead-zone combinations in each simulation scenario. The simulation scenarios include operating scenarios and power disturbances. Based on the simulation results of the dead zone combination in each of the simulation scenarios and the first-order frequency modulation dead zone optimization model, the superposition target value corresponding to the dead zone combination is calculated. Based on the superposition target value corresponding to each dead zone combination, the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of the multi-type frequency modulation resources is determined from each dead zone combination.

[0092] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 610, a communications interface 620, a memory 630, and a communications bus 640, wherein the processor 610, the communications interface 620, and the memory 630 communicate with each other through the communications bus 640. The processor 610 can call logic instructions in the memory 630 to execute a method for determining the optimal primary frequency regulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency regulation resources. This method includes: acquiring a primary frequency regulation simulation model of the target area power grid containing multiple types of frequency regulation resources, wherein the multiple types of frequency regulation resources include at least one of thermal power, hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic power, and energy storage; constructing a primary frequency regulation dead zone optimization model for the multiple types of frequency regulation resources based on their frequency regulation effects and costs, wherein the primary frequency regulation dead zone optimization model includes a primary frequency regulation dead zone optimization objective function and constraints; performing simulation based on the dead zone combination of the multiple types of frequency regulation resources and the primary frequency regulation simulation model to obtain simulation results, and solving the primary frequency regulation dead zone optimization model based on the simulation results to obtain the optimal primary frequency regulation dead zone of the multiple types of frequency regulation resources.

[0093] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 630 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0094] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the method for determining the optimal primary frequency regulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency regulation resources provided by the above methods. The method includes: obtaining a primary frequency regulation simulation model of a target area power grid containing multiple types of frequency regulation resources, wherein the multiple types of frequency regulation resources include at least one of thermal power, hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic power, and energy storage; constructing a primary frequency regulation dead zone optimization model of the multiple types of frequency regulation resources based on the frequency regulation effect and frequency regulation cost of the multiple types of frequency regulation resources, wherein the primary frequency regulation dead zone optimization model includes a primary frequency regulation dead zone optimization objective function and constraints; performing simulation based on the dead zone combination of the multiple types of frequency regulation resources and the primary frequency regulation simulation model to obtain simulation results, and solving the primary frequency regulation dead zone optimization model based on the simulation results to obtain the optimal primary frequency regulation dead zone of the multiple types of frequency regulation resources.

[0095] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements a method for determining the optimal primary frequency regulation dead zone of multiple types of frequency regulation resources provided by the methods described above. This method includes: obtaining a primary frequency regulation simulation model of a target area power grid containing multiple types of frequency regulation resources, wherein the multiple types of frequency regulation resources include at least one of thermal power, hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic power, and energy storage; constructing a primary frequency regulation dead zone optimization model for the multiple types of frequency regulation resources based on their frequency regulation effects and costs, wherein the primary frequency regulation dead zone optimization model includes a primary frequency regulation dead zone optimization objective function and constraints; performing simulation based on the dead zone combination of the multiple types of frequency regulation resources and the primary frequency regulation simulation model to obtain simulation results, and solving the primary frequency regulation dead zone optimization model based on the simulation results to obtain the optimal primary frequency regulation dead zone of the multiple types of frequency regulation resources.

[0096] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0097] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0098] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone for multiple types of frequency modulation resources, characterized in that, The method comprises the steps of: obtaining a primary frequency modulation simulation model corresponding to a target regional power grid and containing multiple types of frequency modulation resources, wherein the multiple types of frequency modulation resources comprise at least one of thermal power, hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic power and energy storage; constructing a primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources based on frequency modulation effects and frequency modulation costs of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources, wherein the primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model comprises a primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization objective function and a constraint condition; performing simulation based on a dead zone combination of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources and the primary frequency modulation simulation model to obtain a simulation result, and solving the primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model based on the simulation result to obtain an optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step of constructing the primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources based on the frequency modulation effects and the frequency modulation costs of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources comprises the steps of: constructing the primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization objective function based on the frequency modulation effects, the frequency modulation costs, power disturbance, each operating scenario and the probability of each operating scenario; constructing the constraint condition based on maximum frequency deviation and steady-state frequency deviation.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization objective function is: wherein, m j is the probability of the jth typical operating scenario, p k is the occurrence probability of the kth power disturbance, λ i is the unit frequency modulation cost coefficient of the ith frequency modulation resource, ΔP j,k,i is the frequency modulation offset power of the ith frequency modulation resource after the kth power disturbance in the jth typical operating scenario, T is the time scale of one frequency modulation, p is the frequency economic weight coefficient, r k is the risk coefficient of the kth power disturbance, Δf j,k is the system frequency deviation after the kth power disturbance in the jth typical operating scenario.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein, The constraint condition comprises a maximum frequency deviation constraint and a steady-state frequency deviation constraint; The maximum frequency deviation constraint is: max|Δf(t)|≤f1 The steady-state frequency deviation constraint is: |Δf ∞ |≤f2 Wherein, Δf(t) is the maximum frequency deviation at time t, f1 is the maximum frequency deviation limit, Δf ∞ is the system steady-state frequency deviation, and f2 is the steady-state frequency deviation limit.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, Before the step of performing simulation based on the dead zone combination of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources and the primary frequency modulation simulation model to obtain a simulation result, the method further comprises the step of: setting the dead zone combination in the multiple types of frequency modulation resources, wherein the dead zone combination in the multiple types of frequency modulation resources is: Wherein: ε TP is the dead zone of thermal power primary frequency modulation; ε HG is the dead zone of hydropower primary frequency modulation; ε WP is the dead zone of wind power primary frequency modulation; ε PV is the dead zone of photovoltaic primary frequency modulation; ε ES is the dead zone of energy storage primary frequency modulation; N i is the discrete number of the dead zone variable of the primary frequency modulation of each type of frequency modulation resource (i=1, 2, 3, 4, 5); ε ~,~ is the discrete value of the dead zone of the primary frequency modulation of each type of frequency modulation resource.

6. The method of claim 1-5, wherein, The step of performing simulation based on the dead zone combination of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources and the primary frequency modulation simulation model to obtain a simulation result, and solving the primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model based on the simulation result to obtain an optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources comprises the steps of: for any dead zone combination, performing simulation on the dead zone combination under different simulation scenarios based on the primary frequency modulation simulation model to obtain simulation results of the dead zone combination in each simulation scenario, wherein the simulation scenarios comprise operating scenarios and power disturbance; calculating a superposition target value corresponding to the dead zone combination based on the simulation results of the dead zone combination in each simulation scenario and the primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model; determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources from each dead zone combination based on the superposition target value corresponding to each dead zone combination.

7. A device for determining optimal primary frequency modulation dead zone for multiple types of frequency modulation resources, characterized in that, The method comprises the steps of: an obtaining module configured to obtain a primary frequency modulation simulation model corresponding to a target regional power grid and containing multiple types of frequency modulation resources, wherein the multiple types of frequency modulation resources comprise at least one of thermal power, hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic power and energy storage; a constructing module configured to construct a primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources based on frequency modulation effects and frequency modulation costs of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources, wherein the primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model comprises a primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization objective function and a constraint condition; The solving module is configured to perform simulation based on the dead zone combination of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources and the primary frequency modulation simulation model, obtain a simulation result, and solve the primary frequency modulation dead zone optimization model based on the simulation result to obtain optimal primary frequency modulation dead zones of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, The processor executes the computer program to implement the method for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zones of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources according to any one of claims 1 to 6. 9.A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the method for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zones of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the method for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zones of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the method for determining the optimal primary frequency modulation dead zones of the multiple types of frequency modulation resources according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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