Water rock weathering carbon sink rapid detection method and system based on spectrum technology

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of spectral analysis, and provides a water rock weathering carbon sink rapid detection method and system based on a spectrum technology, and the method comprises the following steps: distributing points in a research area according to gridding, and selecting representative sampling points to obtain water and rock samples; performing field spectral measurement and laboratory chemical analysis on the water body sample; removing impurities and grinding the rock sample for spectrum and chemical analysis; preprocessing the spectrum detection data of the two types of samples to extract a comprehensive characteristic spectrum wave band, and calculating the weathered carbon sink quantity through a quantitative relation model based on the comprehensive characteristic spectrum wave band to obtain a detection result; according to the method, water and rock spectrum information is integrated, the rapid detection characteristic of a spectrum technology is utilized, and an advanced data processing and modeling method is combined, so that efficient, comprehensive and accurate detection of water rock weathering carbon sinks is realized, reliable data support is provided for deeply researching a carbon circulation mechanism in a water rock weathering process, and the method is suitable for popularization and application. And the requirements of field on-site rapid detection and large-area detection are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of spectral analysis technology, specifically a rapid detection method and system for carbon sinks in water rocks based on spectral technology. Background Technology

[0002] In current global climate change research, accurately quantifying carbon sinks from water and rock weathering is crucial for understanding carbon cycle mechanisms. However, while traditional chemical analysis methods can accurately determine carbon-related chemical components in water or rocks, they require complex sample pretreatment steps, such as digestion and extraction, which can take several days or even weeks, making it difficult to meet the needs of rapid detection. Moreover, this method can only obtain data on a single chemical component and cannot simultaneously reflect the comprehensive characteristics of the water-rock system, nor can it fully capture the complex material transformations and dynamic changes in carbon sinks during weathering.

[0003] Furthermore, some studies focus on a single factor, such as only detecting carbon content in rock weathering or water bodies. When studying only rock weathering, the important role of water as a weathering medium and carbon transport carrier is ignored, making it impossible to accurately assess the carbon sink effect under the interaction between water and rocks. Simply detecting carbon content in water bodies makes it difficult to correlate the impact of rock weathering on carbon input to water bodies, leading to significant biases in the estimation of weathering carbon sinks.

[0004] Meanwhile, traditional physical detection methods, such as gravimetric and volumetric methods, are not only inefficient but also susceptible to interference from external environmental factors, resulting in poor stability of detection results. Some advanced instruments, such as mass spectrometers, have high detection accuracy, but they are expensive and complex to operate, requiring professional personnel to conduct them in a laboratory environment, making it difficult to achieve rapid on-site detection in the field and limiting their application in large-area carbon sequestration detection.

[0005] To this end, those skilled in the art have proposed a rapid detection method and system for carbon sinks in water bodies and rocks based on spectral technology. The aim is to integrate the spectral information of water bodies and rocks, utilize the rapid detection characteristics of spectral technology, and combine advanced data processing and modeling methods to achieve efficient, comprehensive, and accurate detection of carbon sinks in water bodies and rocks, providing reliable data support for in-depth research on the carbon cycle mechanism in the process of water body and rock weathering. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a rapid detection method and system for carbon sinks in water bodies based on spectral technology, thereby resolving the issues raised in the background section.

[0007] According to the first aspect of this disclosure, a rapid detection method for water rock weathering carbon sinks based on spectroscopic technology is proposed, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Select representative sampling points in the study area according to the grid-based sampling principle to obtain water samples and rock samples;

[0009] S2. The water sample is divided into two parts: on-site spectral measurement and laboratory chemical analysis; the rock sample is ground into powder with a particle size of less than 74 μm after removing impurities, for use in spectral measurement and chemical analysis.

[0010] S3. Perform spectral detection on the water sample and the rock sample respectively to obtain water spectral data and rock spectral data;

[0011] S4. After preprocessing the water body spectral data and the rock spectral data, extract the comprehensive characteristic spectral bands;

[0012] S5. Based on the comprehensive characteristic spectral bands, the weathered carbon sink is calculated using a quantitative relationship model between spectral characteristics and weathered carbon sink, and the detection results are obtained.

[0013] Preferably, representative sampling points are selected in the study area according to a grid-based sampling principle to obtain water samples and rock samples, including:

[0014] Water samples were obtained by collecting 500ml of water at a depth of 0.5m below the water surface using a sterile sampling bottle, with three parallel samples collected at each point;

[0015] A rock sample was obtained by tapping 100g of rock from a fresh section with a geological hammer and recording the geographical location and lithological information.

[0016] Preferably, the spectral detection of the water sample is performed by placing the fiber optic probe vertically 1 cm above the water sample and parallel to the surface of the water sample, measuring each water sample 3 times, and taking the average value as the water spectral data;

[0017] The rock samples were subjected to spectral detection by spreading rock powder in a standard sample cell and using diffuse reflectance measurement mode. The fiber optic probe was at a 45° angle to the sample cell surface and a distance of 5 cm. Each rock sample was measured 3 times, and the average value was taken as the rock spectral data.

[0018] Preferably, the preprocessing of the water spectral data and the rock spectral data includes sequentially performing radiometric calibration, Savitzky-Golay filtering for smoothing and denoising, and normalization.

[0019] The preprocessed water spectral data and the rock spectral data are merged to obtain merged spectral data;

[0020] Principal component analysis is used to transform the original high-dimensional spectral data into a set of low-dimensional data represented by principal components by performing eigenvalue decomposition on the covariance matrix of the merged spectral data. The contribution rate of each principal component is calculated, and the original spectral bands corresponding to the principal components whose cumulative contribution rate reaches a preset threshold are selected as the comprehensive feature spectral bands.

[0021] Preferably, the step of calculating the weathered carbon sink based on the comprehensive characteristic spectral bands using a quantitative relationship model between spectral characteristics and weathered carbon sink to obtain the detection result includes:

[0022] Principal component analysis was used to obtain... Each comprehensive characteristic spectral band, for Each sample, whose comprehensive characteristic spectral band data constitute a matrix , dimension Each row represents a sample. Each column represents a different characteristic spectral band value;

[0023] Parameters of a quantitative relationship model are estimated using the least squares method. ;

[0024] Use the following formula to calculate the predicted weathered carbon sink:

[0025]

[0026] in, The predicted amount of weathered carbon sequestration, i.e., the test results; For the sample number Data values ​​for each comprehensive characteristic spectral band.

[0027] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a rapid detection system for carbon sinks in water bodies based on spectral technology is proposed, comprising:

[0028] The sampling module is used to select representative sampling points in the study area according to the grid-based distribution principle to collect water and rock samples.

[0029] The sample processing module is used to process the collected water and rock samples;

[0030] The spectral detection module is used to perform spectral detection on the processed water and rock samples using spectral detection equipment to obtain water spectral data and rock spectral data, respectively.

[0031] The feature extraction module is used to preprocess water spectral data and rock spectral data, and to extract comprehensive feature spectral bands from the preprocessed data using principal component analysis.

[0032] The carbon sink calculation module is used to calculate the weathered carbon sink based on the extracted comprehensive characteristic spectral bands and through a quantitative relationship model between spectral features and weathered carbon sink, enabling rapid detection of weathered carbon sinks in water bodies and obtaining detection results.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. By comprehensively considering the spectral characteristics of water and rocks, this invention more fully reflects the complex process of water and rock weathering carbon sinks in the actual environment. Through spectral technology, spectral data of samples can be obtained quickly, and the detection results of weathering carbon sinks can be obtained rapidly, which greatly improves the detection efficiency.

[0035] 2. This invention can not only obtain the detection results of weathered carbon sink, but also obtain other relevant information about water bodies and rocks through spectral data, providing rich data support for further research on the characteristics of water bodies and rocks and their interaction with the environment. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the rapid detection method for water rock weathering carbon sinks according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the rapid detection system for carbon sinks caused by rock weathering in water bodies according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0039] Example 1: As shown in the attached document Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a rapid detection method for water rock weathering carbon sinks based on spectral technology, comprising the following steps:

[0040] S1. In the study area, representative sampling points were selected according to the grid layout principle to obtain water samples and rock samples; 500ml water samples were collected in sterile sampling bottles at a depth of 0.5m below the water surface, and 3 parallel samples were collected at each point to obtain water samples;

[0041] A rock sample was obtained by tapping 100g of rock from a fresh section with a geological hammer and recording the geographical location and lithological information.

[0042] Representative sampling points were selected in the study area according to the grid-based sampling principle to ensure that the collected water and rock samples could comprehensively and accurately reflect the characteristics of the study area, making the test results more reliable and scientific, and reducing errors caused by sampling deviations.

[0043] S2. The water sample is divided into two parts: on-site spectral measurement and laboratory chemical analysis; the rock sample is ground into powder with a particle size of less than 74 μm after removing impurities, for use in spectral measurement and chemical analysis.

[0044] Water samples are rationally allocated: one portion is used for in-situ spectroscopic measurements to obtain timely spectral information of the water under natural conditions; the other portion is used for laboratory chemical analysis, enabling more precise determination of chemical composition. Rock samples undergo impurity removal and grinding to achieve suitable particle sizes, facilitating both spectroscopic measurements and chemical analysis and ensuring measurement accuracy. In-situ spectroscopic measurements reflect the real-time spectral characteristics of the water body, while laboratory chemical analysis provides accurate chemical composition data; the combination of both contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the water body's characteristics. The processing of rock samples lays the foundation for obtaining high-quality spectral data and accurate chemical analysis results.

[0045] S3. Perform spectral detection on the water sample and the rock sample respectively to obtain water spectral data and rock spectral data;

[0046] The water samples were subjected to spectral detection by placing an optical fiber probe vertically 1 cm above the water sample and parallel to the surface of the water sample. Each water sample was measured 3 times, and the average value was taken as the water spectral data.

[0047] The rock samples were subjected to spectral detection by spreading rock powder in a standard sample cell and using diffuse reflectance measurement mode. The fiber optic probe was at a 45° angle to the sample cell surface and a distance of 5 cm. Each rock sample was measured 3 times, and the average value was taken as the rock spectral data.

[0048] Water and rock samples were analyzed using spectral detection equipment to obtain spectral data for both water and rocks. This data contains information about the optical properties of the samples and serves as an important basis for subsequent analysis, providing rich spectral information for studying the characteristics of water and rocks.

[0049] S4. After preprocessing the water body spectral data and the rock spectral data, extract the comprehensive characteristic spectral bands; the preprocessing includes radiometric calibration, Savitzky-Golay filtering for smoothing and denoising, and normalization in sequence;

[0050] The preprocessed water spectral data and the rock spectral data are merged to obtain merged spectral data;

[0051] Principal component analysis is used to transform the original high-dimensional spectral data into a set of low-dimensional data represented by principal components by performing eigenvalue decomposition on the covariance matrix of the merged spectral data. The contribution rate of each principal component is calculated, and the original spectral bands corresponding to the principal components whose cumulative contribution rate reaches a preset threshold are selected as the comprehensive feature spectral bands.

[0052] Preprocessing spectral data improves data quality; extracting comprehensive characteristic spectral bands allows for the selection of key information from large amounts of spectral data, simplifies data structure, and highlights features related to weathered carbon sinks. Preprocessed data is more accurate and reliable, facilitating subsequent analysis and calculations. The extracted comprehensive characteristic spectral bands reduce data redundancy, improve computational efficiency, and enhance the correlation between data and weathered carbon sinks.

[0053] S5. Based on the comprehensive characteristic spectral bands, the weathered carbon sink is calculated using a quantitative relationship model between spectral characteristics and weathered carbon sink, and the detection results are obtained.

[0054] Principal component analysis was used to obtain... Each comprehensive characteristic spectral band, for Each sample, whose comprehensive characteristic spectral band data constitute a matrix , dimension Each row represents a sample. Each column represents a different characteristic spectral band value;

[0055] Parameters of a quantitative relationship model are estimated using the least squares method. ;

[0056] Use the following formula to calculate the predicted weathered carbon sink:

[0057]

[0058] in, The predicted amount of weathered carbon sequestration, i.e., the test results; For the sample number Data values ​​for each comprehensive characteristic spectral band.

[0059] By utilizing the established quantitative relationship model between spectral characteristics and weathered carbon sink, the comprehensive characteristic spectral bands are substituted into the model for calculation, thereby obtaining the detection results of weathered carbon sink. This enables rapid and quantitative detection of weathered carbon sink through spectral technology, providing a powerful technical means for studying the impact of water rock weathering on the carbon cycle.

[0060] Example 2: As shown in the attached document Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides a rapid detection system for water rock weathering carbon sinks based on spectral technology, comprising:

[0061] The sampling module is used to select representative sampling points in the study area according to the grid-based distribution principle to collect water and rock samples.

[0062] The sample processing module is used to process the collected water and rock samples;

[0063] The spectral detection module is used to perform spectral detection on the processed water and rock samples using spectral detection equipment to obtain water spectral data and rock spectral data, respectively.

[0064] The feature extraction module is used to preprocess water spectral data and rock spectral data, and to extract comprehensive feature spectral bands from the preprocessed data using principal component analysis.

[0065] The carbon sink calculation module is used to calculate the weathered carbon sink based on the extracted comprehensive characteristic spectral bands and through a quantitative relationship model between spectral features and weathered carbon sink, enabling rapid detection of weathered carbon sinks in water bodies and obtaining detection results.

[0066] As can be seen from the above, existing technologies may mostly focus on the impact of a single factor, either rock or water, on weathered carbon sinks. This proposed method, however, considers the spectral characteristics of both water and rock, providing a more comprehensive reflection of the complex process of weathered carbon sinks in real-world environments. This represents an innovation in research perspective and methodology. Utilizing spectral technology for rapid detection is more convenient and efficient than traditional chemical analysis methods, and it can acquire more information about the optical properties of the sample. Furthermore, by preprocessing and extracting features from the spectral data, comprehensive characteristic spectral bands are obtained, and a quantitative relationship model between the corresponding spectral features and the amount of weathered carbon sinks is established. This method, which combines data processing with model building, can more accurately calculate the amount of weathered carbon sinks.

[0067] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application. Other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0068] It should be understood that numerous specific implementation decisions can be made during the development of any actual implementation method, and in any engineering or design project. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those of ordinary skill in the art who benefit from this disclosure, the development effort will be a routine work of design, manufacturing, and production without requiring much experimentation.

[0069] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid detection method for water rock weathering carbon sinks based on spectroscopic technology, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Select representative sampling points in the study area according to the grid-based sampling principle to obtain water samples and rock samples; S2. The water sample is divided into two parts: on-site spectral measurement and laboratory chemical analysis; the rock sample is ground into powder with a particle size of less than 74 μm after removing impurities, for use in spectral measurement and chemical analysis. S3. Perform spectral detection on the water sample and the rock sample respectively to obtain water spectral data and rock spectral data; S4. After preprocessing the water body spectral data and the rock spectral data, extract the comprehensive characteristic spectral bands; S5. Based on the comprehensive characteristic spectral bands, the weathered carbon sink is calculated using a quantitative relationship model between spectral characteristics and weathered carbon sink, and the detection results are obtained.

2. The rapid detection method for water rock weathering carbon sinks based on spectroscopic technology as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The study area was selected using a grid-based sampling method, with representative sampling points chosen to obtain water and rock samples, including: Water samples were obtained by collecting 500ml of water at a depth of 0.5m below the water surface using a sterile sampling bottle, with three parallel samples collected at each point; A rock sample was obtained by tapping 100g of rock from a fresh section with a geological hammer and recording the geographical location and lithological information.

3. The rapid detection method for water rock weathering carbon sinks based on spectroscopic technology as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water sample was subjected to spectral detection by placing a fiber optic probe vertically 1 cm above the water sample and parallel to the water sample surface. Each water sample was measured 3 times, and the average value was taken as the water spectral data. The rock samples were subjected to spectral detection by spreading rock powder in a standard sample cell and using diffuse reflectance measurement mode. The fiber optic probe was at a 45° angle to the sample cell surface and a distance of 5 cm. Each rock sample was measured 3 times, and the average value was taken as the rock spectral data.

4. The rapid detection method for water rock weathering carbon sinks based on spectroscopic technology as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water spectral data and the rock spectral data are preprocessed, and the preprocessing includes radiometric calibration, Savitzky-Golay filtering for smoothing and denoising, and normalization in sequence. The preprocessed water spectral data and the rock spectral data are merged to obtain merged spectral data; Principal component analysis is used to transform the original high-dimensional spectral data into a set of low-dimensional data represented by principal components by performing eigenvalue decomposition on the covariance matrix of the merged spectral data. The contribution rate of each principal component is calculated, and the original spectral bands corresponding to the principal components whose cumulative contribution rate reaches a preset threshold are selected as the comprehensive feature spectral bands.

5. The rapid detection method for water rock weathering carbon sinks based on spectroscopic technology as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the comprehensive characteristic spectral bands, the weathered carbon sink is calculated using a quantitative relationship model between spectral characteristics and weathered carbon sink, yielding the detection results, including: Principal component analysis was used to obtain... Each comprehensive characteristic spectral band, for Each sample, whose comprehensive characteristic spectral band data constitute a matrix , dimension Each row represents a sample. Each column represents a different characteristic spectral band value; Parameters of a quantitative relationship model are estimated using the least squares method. ; Use the following formula to calculate the predicted weathered carbon sink: in, The predicted amount of weathered carbon sequestration, i.e., the test results; For the sample number Data values ​​for each comprehensive characteristic spectral band.

6. A rapid detection system for carbon sequestration from rock weathering in water bodies based on spectral technology, characterized in that, include: The sampling module is used to select representative sampling points in the study area according to the grid-based distribution principle to collect water and rock samples. The sample processing module is used to process the collected water and rock samples; The spectral detection module is used to perform spectral detection on the processed water and rock samples using spectral detection equipment to obtain water spectral data and rock spectral data, respectively. The feature extraction module is used to preprocess water spectral data and rock spectral data, and to extract comprehensive feature spectral bands from the preprocessed data using principal component analysis. The carbon sink calculation module is used to calculate the weathered carbon sink based on the extracted comprehensive characteristic spectral bands and through a quantitative relationship model between spectral features and weathered carbon sink, enabling rapid detection of weathered carbon sinks in water bodies and obtaining detection results.

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