Satellite remote sensing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a satellite remote sensing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium, comprising: receiving a user input perception detection request on the ground side, wherein the perception detection request comprises a perception service requirement and a target area; filtering a second communication satellite set from a first communication satellite set capable of covering the target area, wherein the communication satellites in the second communication satellite set have perception functions and exist idle beams not occupied by communication services; determining a satellite remote sensing strategy according to the perception service requirement and the perception parameters of the communication satellites in the second communication satellite set; and controlling the communication satellites in the second communication satellite set to utilize the idle beams to perform remote sensing detection on the target area by using the satellite remote sensing strategy to obtain a perception result. Thus, the satellite resources are fully utilized and the perception capability of the satellite system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a satellite remote sensing method, apparatus, electronic device, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product, and processor chip. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of communication technology, communication and sensing convergence has become an important direction for the evolution of mobile communication systems. A converged communication and sensing network, composed of space-based satellite networks and ground-based core networks, can combine the advantages of large capacity, low latency, and high performance of terrestrial communication with the wide coverage of satellite communication.

[0003] In related technologies, in order to meet the sensing requirements of mobile communication systems, it is necessary to launch dedicated sensing satellites to provide hardware support.

[0004] However, the solutions in the relevant technologies suffer from low satellite resource utilization and insufficient satellite sensing capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides satellite remote sensing methods, devices, electronic equipment, computer-readable storage media, and computer program products to at least address the problems of low satellite resource utilization and insufficient satellite sensing capabilities in related technologies.

[0006] This application provides a satellite remote sensing method, comprising: receiving a sensing and detection request input by a user on the ground side, wherein the sensing and detection request includes sensing service requirements and a target area; selecting a second set of communication satellites from a first set of communication satellites capable of covering the target area, wherein the communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites have sensing capabilities and have idle beams not occupied by communication services; determining a satellite remote sensing strategy based on the sensing service requirements; and using the satellite remote sensing strategy to control the communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites to perform remote sensing detection on the target area using the idle beams to obtain sensing results.

[0007] In an exemplary embodiment, the step of selecting a second set of communication satellites from a first set of communication satellites capable of covering the target area includes: querying the ephemeris of each communication satellite in the satellite system based on the geographical location of the target area to determine a first set of communication satellites capable of covering the target area; querying the functional information of each communication satellite in the first set of communication satellites to select multiple communication satellites with sensing capabilities in the first set of communication satellites as a third set of communication satellites; and reading the current service status of each communication satellite in the third set of communication satellites to select multiple communication satellites in the third set of communication satellites with idle beams not occupied by communication services as the second set of communication satellites.

[0008] In an exemplary embodiment, determining the satellite remote sensing strategy based on the sensing service requirements includes: determining sensing resolution requirements and sensing accuracy requirements based on the sensing service requirements; and determining the satellite remote sensing strategy based on the sensing resolution requirements and the sensing accuracy requirements. The satellite remote sensing strategy includes a single-transmit / multiple-receive strategy and a single-transmit / single-receive strategy. In the single-transmit / multiple-receive strategy, one satellite in the second communication satellite set transmits a remote sensing signal, and multiple satellites receive echo data. In the single-transmit / single-receive strategy, one satellite in the second communication satellite set transmits a remote sensing signal, and one satellite receives echo data.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment, the step of using the satellite remote sensing strategy to control the communication satellites in the second communication satellite set to perform remote sensing detection on the target area using the idle beam to obtain a sensing result includes: parsing the sensing service requirements; if it is determined that the sensing service requirements include sensing real-time or sensing range, causing the communication satellites in the second communication satellite set to transmit remote sensing signals through a wide beam; controlling multiple communication satellites in the second communication satellite set to perform remote sensing detection on the target area using the wide beam according to the satellite remote sensing strategy; calculating a first sensing result using at least one communication satellite in the second communication satellite set based on the echo data received by each communication satellite in the second communication satellite set, and transmitting the first sensing result to the ground side.

[0010] In an exemplary embodiment, after calculating a first sensing result based on echo data received by at least one communication satellite in the second communication satellite set from each communication satellite in the second communication satellite set, and transmitting the first sensing result to the ground side, the method further includes: dividing the target area into multiple grids based on the first sensing result, and determining the grid parameters of each grid, wherein the grid parameters include latitude and longitude boundaries and grid area; when the sensing service requirements include sensing accuracy, causing the communication satellites in the second communication satellite set to transmit remote sensing signals through narrow beams, wherein the coverage area of ​​the narrow beams is smaller than that of the wide beams; determining the target grid of interest among the multiple grids according to the sensing service requirements; controlling the multiple communication satellites in the second communication satellite set to perform remote sensing detection on the target grid using the narrow beams according to the satellite remote sensing strategy to obtain echo data, and transmitting the obtained echo data to a sensing server on the ground side; and calculating a second sensing result based on the echo data by the sensing server.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment, after filtering a second set of communication satellites from a first set of communication satellites capable of covering the target area, the method further includes: obtaining the communication status between multiple communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites; determining multiple communication links between the multiple communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites based on the communication status, wherein each communication link connects at least two communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites; reading the link parameters of each communication link; and determining whether to use the communication link for data transmission between the communication satellites based on the link parameters of each communication link.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment, the method further includes: upon receiving a perception detection request input by the user, obtaining the user's identity information; determining whether the user has perception detection permissions based on the user's identity information; if the user has perception detection permissions, forwarding the perception detection request to the core network corresponding to the target area; and selecting the corresponding network element interface through the core network according to the complexity and load requirements of the perception service requirements contained in the perception detection request.

[0013] This application also provides a satellite remote sensing device, including:

[0014] The request receiving module is used to receive a perception detection request input by a user on the ground side, wherein the perception detection request includes perception service requirements and target area;

[0015] The satellite determination module is used to filter a second set of communication satellites from a first set of communication satellites that can cover the target area, wherein the communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites have sensing capabilities and have idle beams that are not occupied by communication services.

[0016] The strategy module is used to determine satellite remote sensing strategies based on the aforementioned sensing service requirements;

[0017] The sensing module is used to control the communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites to perform remote sensing detection on the target area using the idle beams, in order to obtain sensing results.

[0018] This application also provides an electronic device, including: a memory for storing a computer program; and a processor for executing the computer program to implement the steps of any of the above-described satellite remote sensing methods.

[0019] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above-described satellite remote sensing methods.

[0020] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above-described satellite remote sensing methods.

[0021] This application also provides a processor chip, including a circuit system configured to perform the steps of any of the above-described satellite remote sensing methods.

[0022] The satellite remote sensing method described in this application first receives and parses ground users' sensing and detection requests through a standardized process, clarifying user needs and target areas. Then, from all satellites capable of covering the target area, a set of satellites with available resources for sensing and detection is precisely selected. This fully utilizes unused remote sensing beam resources on satellites, improving overall resource utilization. Secondly, it avoids using satellite resources for sensing and detection during peak communication periods, thus ensuring normal communication operations and maintaining network service quality. Next, a detailed remote sensing strategy is formulated based on user needs and satellite capabilities, ensuring optimal resource utilization and efficient execution of sensing tasks. Finally, the selected set of satellites is controlled to perform remote sensing and detection, using available beams to collect high-quality sensing data. Satellites in the second communication satellite set will use their available beams to probe the target area. Since these remote sensing beams have been pre-confirmed as not being occupied by communication services, they will not conflict with normal communication activities during the execution of sensing tasks, ensuring the stability of communication links and the integrity of sensing data. This achieves full utilization of satellite resources and improves the sensing capabilities of the satellite system. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a hardware structure block diagram of a server device for a satellite remote sensing method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is one of the flowcharts of a satellite remote sensing method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a second flowchart of a satellite remote sensing method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a third flowchart of a satellite remote sensing method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a satellite remote sensing method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 6 This is the fifth flowchart of a satellite remote sensing method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 7This is a flowchart of a satellite remote sensing method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 8 This is flowchart seven of a satellite remote sensing method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a timing diagram of a satellite remote sensing method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a structural block diagram of a satellite remote sensing device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0034] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. The terms "first," "second," etc., in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0035] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] The specific application environment architecture or specific hardware architecture on which the execution of satellite remote sensing methods depends is described here.

[0037] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a satellite remote sensing method is provided. Optionally, in this embodiment, the above-described satellite remote sensing method may be applied to, but is not limited to, applications such as... Figure 1 The diagram shows the architecture of a satellite communication system. This satellite communication system may include a satellite 101, a terminal 102, and a gateway station 103.

[0038] In this disclosure, satellite 101 is an entity used for transmitting or receiving signals, and there can be multiple satellites. This disclosure does not limit the specific technology or equipment form used in the satellites.

[0039] In this disclosure, terminal 102 refers to a processing device within the satellite coverage beam range for communicating with a satellite. For example, the terminal can be a car, smart car, mobile phone, wearable device, tablet computer, etc., equipped with satellite communication capabilities. This disclosure does not limit the specific technology or device form used in the terminal. It should be noted that... Figure 1 The example uses two terminals 102.

[0040] In one embodiment of this disclosure, gateway station 103 is connected to satellite 101.

[0041] In this embodiment, the gateway station 103 is a ground-based node in a satellite communication system used for transmitting and receiving data. This embodiment does not limit the specific technology or equipment form employed by the gateway station.

[0042] It is understood that the satellite communication system described in this disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in this disclosure. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in this disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0043] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in one or more embodiments of this specification are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties. Furthermore, the collection, use and processing of related data must comply with relevant laws, regulations and standards, and corresponding operation entry points are provided for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0044] This application provides a satellite remote sensing method applied to the aforementioned computer terminal. The method is described in detail below, taking into account the execution flow of the satellite remote sensing method. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following steps S200-230:

[0045] Step S200: Receive a sensing and detection request input from a user on the ground side.

[0046] Among them, the perception and detection request includes perception service requirements and target areas.

[0047] In one example, a sensing and detection request is received from a ground user terminal. These requests contain the user's specific needs for sensing services and information about the target area of ​​interest.

[0048] For example, a ground user initiates a request through a specific Application Function (AF). The AF encapsulates the request and passes it to the Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) via the Network Exposure Function (NEF). The GMLC is responsible for receiving and initially processing these request information, converting it into a format understandable within the system, and performing authorization verification. Once verification is successful, the GMLC forwards the request information to the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), which then initiates a resource scheduling process based on the request content.

[0049] Among them, AF (Awareness Request) is the interaction entry point between the user and the core network, receiving user perception requests and presenting the final perception results. NEF (Network Request Forwarding) enables request / result forwarding between AF and the core network, serving as the interface for external applications to access the core network. GMLC (Ground Memory Request Carrier) forwards perception requests, coordinates authorization, and selects the appropriate AMF (Adaptive Message Provider), acting as a relay node between the user side and the core network side. AMF (Around Message Provider) is the "control center" of the terrestrial core network, responsible for receiving perception requests, coordinating various network elements, and scheduling satellite and link resources.

[0050] A perception and detection request refers to a user's request initiated through a ground application, requesting the satellite system to perform a specific perception task. This request includes service requirements (such as resolution, accuracy, frame rate, etc.) and target areas (such as geographic coordinates, Tracking Area Code (TAC) grids, etc.). Perception service requirements are the specific data or services the user hopes to obtain from perception and detection, such as high-resolution images and target trajectories. The target area is the specific geographical location where the user wishes to conduct perception and detection, which can be represented by latitude and longitude coordinates, map grid codes, etc.

[0051] Step S210: Select a second set of communication satellites from the first set of communication satellites that can cover the target area.

[0052] Among them, the communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites have sensing capabilities and have idle beams that are not occupied by communication services.

[0053] In one example, from all satellites capable of covering the target area, a set of satellites with sensing capabilities and available resources for sensing and detection is selected.

[0054] For example, the AMF first obtains information on all satellites that may currently cover the target area through the Satellite Control Function (SCF), including the satellites' real-time positions, beam coverage, ephemeris, etc. Then, the AMF checks the communication load and remote sensing beam usage of these satellites, selects satellites with communication loads below a certain threshold and available beams, and forms a second set of communication satellites.

[0055] The SCF manages the operational status of the satellite constellation and receives instructions from the AMF to schedule the beam resources (wide / narrow beams) of the satellite-based gNodeB (S-gNB). The S-gNB is the data acquisition end for sensing tasks, performing wide / narrow beam scanning and receiving echo data, and is the execution carrier of the "sensing function" in the fusion of sensing and communication.

[0056] The first set of communication satellites refers to the entire constellation of satellites located above the target area, theoretically capable of providing communication services. The second set of communication satellites is a subset selected from the first set, consisting of satellites with sensing capabilities and currently available remote sensing beams not occupied by communication services. Sensing capabilities refer to the satellites' environmental awareness capabilities, such as radar echo capture and optical image acquisition, in addition to conventional communication functions. Available beams refer to the remote sensing beams of satellites that are not used by any communication services and can be used for sensing and detection tasks.

[0057] Step S220: Determine the satellite remote sensing strategy based on the sensing service requirements.

[0058] In one example, a detailed satellite remote sensing strategy, including beam scheduling and computing resource allocation, can be formulated based on the user's needs and the sensing capabilities of satellites in the second communications satellite set.

[0059] For example, after receiving a request from the AMF, the Sensing Function (SF) network element analyzes user needs and satellite parameters, such as sensing accuracy, beamwidth, and inter-satellite link status, to formulate an adaptive remote sensing strategy. The strategy may include details such as satellite beam pointing, transmit power, and scanning mode, and is then distributed to each satellite in the second communication satellite set via the AMF.

[0060] Among them, satellite remote sensing strategy is an operational guideline for performing sensing and detection tasks, covering decisions on beam scheduling, power control, and multi-satellite collaboration. Sensing parameters are data describing the characteristics of satellite sensing functions, such as the type of remote sensing beam (wide or narrow beam), frequency range, power level, and directionality.

[0061] Step S230: Using a satellite remote sensing strategy, control the communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites to use idle beams to perform remote sensing detection on the target area in order to obtain the sensing results.

[0062] In one example, based on a previously established remote sensing strategy, satellites in a second set of communication satellites are controlled to use their idle beams to perform remote sensing missions over a target area.

[0063] For example, according to the remote sensing strategy planned by SF, AMF sends control commands to satellites in the second communication satellite set via SCF (Satellite Control Function), including setting beam pointing, transmission frequency, power level, etc. After receiving the commands, the satellites adjust their remote sensing beams, scan the target area, collect sensing data, and upload it to ground computing nodes or onboard computing units for processing.

[0064] Remote sensing is a method of using sensors on satellites to observe the Earth's surface or atmosphere from a distance and collect data on surface features, the properties of objects, and other related information.

[0065] In this embodiment, a standardized process is first used to receive and parse the sensing and detection requests from ground users, clarifying user needs and target areas. Then, from all satellites capable of covering the target area, a set of satellites with available resources for sensing and detection is precisely selected. This fully utilizes unused remote sensing beam resources on the satellites, improving overall resource utilization. Secondly, it avoids using satellite resources for sensing and detection during peak communication periods, thus ensuring normal communication operations and maintaining network service quality. Next, a detailed remote sensing strategy is formulated based on user needs and satellite capabilities, ensuring optimal resource utilization and efficient execution of sensing tasks. Finally, the selected set of satellites is controlled to perform remote sensing and detection, using available beams to collect high-quality sensing data. Satellites in the second communication satellite set will use their available beams to probe the target area. Since these remote sensing beams have been pre-confirmed as not being occupied by communication services, they will not conflict with normal communication activities during the execution of sensing tasks, ensuring the stability of the communication link and the integrity of the sensing data. Furthermore, through multi-satellite collaborative detection, the system can collect sensing information from different angles and frequencies, improving the quality of sensing results.

[0066] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, step S210 involves selecting a second set of communication satellites from the first set of communication satellites capable of covering the target area. This includes steps S300-S320:

[0067] Step S300: Based on the geographical location of the target area, query the ephemeris of each communication satellite in the satellite system to determine the first set of communication satellites that can cover the target area.

[0068] In one example, based on the geographic coordinates of the target area specified by the ground user, the system queries the operational trajectory information (ephemeris) of each communication satellite in the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellation, and then filters out the set of satellites that can cover the target area based on this information.

[0069] For example, the AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) queries the SCF (Satellite Control Function) for the real-time location, future trajectory, and current beam coverage of each satellite in the constellation. The AMF compares the coordinates of the target area with the beam coverage of each satellite to determine which satellites are currently or will soon cover the target area, and groups these satellites into a first set of communication satellites.

[0070] Ephemeris is the satellite's orbital information, including its real-time position, velocity, and predicted position over a future period.

[0071] Step S310: Query the functional information of each communication satellite in the first communication satellite set, so as to select multiple communication satellites with sensing functions in the first communication satellite set as the third communication satellite set.

[0072] In one example, satellites that can both cover the target area and have sensing capabilities are selected from the first set of communication satellites to ensure that subsequent sensing and detection tasks can be performed.

[0073] For example, the AMF further queries the SCF to obtain functional information for each satellite in the first communication satellite set, including whether it is equipped with sensing equipment, the type and status of the sensing equipment, and the configuration information of the onboard base station. The AMF selects satellites with sensing capabilities and good equipment status and classifies them into the third communication satellite set.

[0074] The third set of communication satellites is a subset of satellites selected from the first set of communication satellites that both cover the target area and have usable sensing capabilities.

[0075] Step S320: Read the current service status of each communication satellite in the third communication satellite set, and filter out multiple communication satellites in the third communication satellite set that have idle beams not occupied by communication services as the second communication satellite set.

[0076] In one example, satellites with low communication load and available idle beam resources are further selected from the third set of communication satellites with sensing capabilities, so as to reserve the necessary resources for sensing and detection missions.

[0077] For example, the AMF reads the current service status of each satellite in the third communication satellite set through the SCF, including the communication service load and the usage of remote sensing beams. Based on the service status information, the AMF selects satellites with low communication service load and unused remote sensing beam resources as the second communication satellite set.

[0078] Among them, an idle beam is a beam that is not currently occupied by communication services and is in a state that can be used to perform sensing and detection tasks.

[0079] In this embodiment, firstly, accurate ephemeris lookup of the target area ensures the accuracy of resource scheduling and avoids unnecessary resource waste; secondly, querying functional information filters out satellites with sensing capabilities, providing hardware support for sensing and detection; finally, detailed service status reading helps identify satellites with sufficient idle resources, ensuring efficient execution of sensing and detection while maintaining the stability of communication services.

[0080] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, step S220 involves determining the satellite remote sensing strategy based on the sensing service requirements. This includes steps S400-S420:

[0081] Step S400: Determine the sensing resolution requirements and sensing accuracy requirements based on the sensing service requirements.

[0082] In one example, the perception business requirements include the user-provided perception resolution requirements and perception accuracy requirements.

[0083] Step S410: Determine the satellite remote sensing strategy based on the sensing resolution requirements and sensing accuracy requirements.

[0084] In one example, the requirement level is first determined based on the required sensing resolution and accuracy. For instance, if the request information contains resolution requirements (e.g., 15m / pixel) and accuracy requirements (e.g., "only need to monitor whether there are abnormal targets in a certain sea area"), and the requirement is compared with the preset quantization standard, it can be determined to be a low requirement, then the satellite's cooperative mode is determined to be single-transmit single-receive. If the request information contains resolution requirements (e.g., 3m / pixel) and accuracy requirements (e.g., "need to locate small targets in a certain area and capture their outlines"), and the requirement is compared with the quantization standard, it can be determined to be a high requirement, then the satellite's cooperative mode is determined to be single-transmit multi-receive. The specific quantization standard can be set according to actual needs, or it can be set to use single-transmit single-receive when the resolution requirement is high and the sensing accuracy requirement is low, and to use single-transmit multi-receive when the resolution requirement is low and the sensing accuracy requirement is high. There is no limitation here, and it can be set arbitrarily according to actual needs.

[0085] For example, SF analyzes the perception service requirements proposed by users in their perception and detection requests, such as resolution, target localization accuracy, and recognition accuracy. Determining the perception accuracy requirements requires consideration of the type of perception service (such as Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging (SAR) imaging, optical image acquisition, etc.), the specific requirements of the target (such as whether it is necessary to identify moving targets, whether high-resolution images are required, etc.), and the urgency and importance of the service.

[0086] Among them, the perception accuracy requirement is the specific accuracy indicator required in the user perception and detection service, reflecting the user's expectations for the quality of perception data.

[0087] In one example, if the required sensing resolution is greater than or equal to a first threshold and the required sensing accuracy is greater than or equal to a second threshold, the satellite remote sensing strategy is determined to be a single-transmission, multiple-receiver strategy.

[0088] The satellite remote sensing strategy includes a single-transmit, multiple-receive strategy and a single-transmit, single-receive strategy. In the single-transmit, multiple-receive strategy, one satellite in the second communication satellite set transmits a remote sensing signal, and multiple satellites receive the echo data. In the single-transmit, single-receive strategy, one satellite in the second communication satellite set transmits a remote sensing signal, and one satellite receives the echo data. In the single-transmit, multiple-receive strategy, one satellite in the second communication satellite set transmits a remote sensing beam, and multiple satellites receive the echo data. The single-transmit, multiple-receive strategy is a remote sensing strategy in which one satellite transmits a remote sensing beam, while multiple other satellites receive the echo data, jointly participating in the sensing and detection mission. It fully utilizes the collaborative advantages of distributed communication satellites, comprehensively analyzes the sensing capabilities of the satellites, and uses data received by multiple satellites to enhance the accuracy and reliability of the sensing data, thereby improving the quality and coverage of the sensing data. The single-transmit, single-receive strategy involves only one satellite transmitting the remote sensing beam and another satellite receiving the reflected signal. This strategy is suitable for scenarios with low requirements for sensing resolution or accuracy. Since only one satellite is selected to transmit the remote sensing beam and another satellite receives the echo data, this strategy can effectively utilize satellite resources and reduce the occupation of communication resources when resources are limited or sensing requirements are not high. At the same time, it simplifies the collaborative operation process between satellites and reduces the system complexity caused by the collaboration of multiple base stations.

[0089] In one example, if the user's proposed sensing resolution requirement reaches the first threshold and the user's proposed sensing accuracy requirement also reaches the second threshold, it means that the user has a high demand for sensing accuracy and the satellite system can also meet the high sensing accuracy requirement. In this case, SF will decide to use the single-transmit multiple-receive strategy for sensing detection.

[0090] For example, SF compares the sensing resolution requirement with a first threshold and the sensing accuracy requirement with a second threshold. If both conditions are met, SF generates a single-transmit, multiple-receive remote sensing strategy, that is, designates one satellite to transmit the remote sensing beam, while multiple satellites receive it, in order to improve the comprehensiveness and accuracy of data acquisition and reduce data loss due to single-point failure or signal blockage.

[0091] For example, the sensing resolution requirement in the sensing service requirements is compared with a first threshold, and the accuracy requirement in the sensing service requirements is compared with a second threshold. If the sensing resolution requirement is lower than the first threshold, or the sensing accuracy requirement is lower than the second threshold, it means that the sensing capability of the current satellite set is insufficient to meet the requirements of high-precision detection, or the accuracy requirement of the sensing task is low and does not require excessive resources. In this case, SF will determine to adopt a single-transmit, single-receive strategy, that is, select one satellite in the second communication satellite set to transmit the remote sensing beam, and another satellite to receive the echo data, simplifying the operation process.

[0092] In this embodiment, firstly, a comprehensive analysis of satellite sensing parameters ensures that the remote sensing strategy fully considers the system hardware capabilities, avoiding resource waste. Secondly, determining the sensing accuracy requirements bridges user expectations with system capabilities, improving user satisfaction. Finally, the implementation of the single-transmit, multi-receive strategy not only increases the reliability and robustness of the sensing data but also achieves wide-area coverage and data redundancy through multi-satellite collaboration, significantly improving the success rate and data quality of sensing missions. When sensing resolution or accuracy requirements are not high, the single-transmit, single-receive strategy ensures the execution of sensing tasks while avoiding resource waste.

[0093] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, in step S230, a satellite remote sensing strategy is used to control the communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites to perform remote sensing detection of the target area using idle beams to obtain sensing results. This includes steps S500-S520:

[0094] Step S500: Analyze the sensing service requirements. If the sensing service requirements include sensing real-time performance or sensing range, enable the communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites to transmit remote sensing signals through wide beams.

[0095] In one example, the system parses the user's sensing service requirements to identify whether there is a specific emphasis on real-time sensing and sensing range in the task. If the service requirements focus on real-time performance and coverage, the system will instruct a second set of communication satellites to use wide-beam detection.

[0096] For example, SF deeply analyzes the sensing service requirements proposed by users in their sensing and detection requests to identify whether users require rapid acquisition of sensing data over a large area (i.e., requirements for real-time sensing and sensing range). If such a requirement exists, SF will generate instructions instructing AMF to control satellites in the second communication satellite constellation via SCF to transmit wide remote sensing beams to cover the target area for rapid, large-area detection. The transmission of wide remote sensing beams will leverage the collaborative advantages of satellites within the constellation, improving detection efficiency and range through multi-satellite wide-beam scanning. By analyzing service requirements and using wide remote sensing beams strategically, the real-time performance and coverage of sensing and detection can be significantly improved. In scenarios requiring rapid response and broad coverage, such as disaster monitoring and environmental surveillance, wide remote sensing beams can quickly capture sensing data over large areas.

[0097] Among these, the sensing service requirements are specific needs raised by users in their sensing and detection requests, such as real-time performance, coverage area, and target positioning accuracy. Wide remote sensing beams are electromagnetic beams with a wide coverage area, suitable for preliminary detection over large areas to quickly acquire overview information about the region.

[0098] Step S510: According to the satellite remote sensing strategy, control multiple communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites to use wide beams to conduct remote sensing detection of the target area.

[0099] In one example, based on a pre-determined remote sensing strategy, the AMF controls satellites in the second communications satellite ensemble to use wide-beam remote sensing to remotely sense the target area in order to collect sensing data.

[0100] For example, the AMF receives a remote sensing strategy from the SF, which includes instructions to use a wide remote sensing beam. The AMF then sends control commands via the SCF to satellites in the second communications satellite ensemble, adjusting the satellites' transmission parameters to enable them to transmit wide remote sensing beams covering the target area. Upon receiving the commands, the satellites begin transmitting the specified type of remote sensing beam, scanning the target area and acquiring echo data.

[0101] Among them, the satellite remote sensing strategy is a detection plan formulated based on user perception needs and the current status of the satellite, which guides how to use satellite resources for perception and detection.

[0102] Step S520: The first sensing result is calculated by at least one communication satellite in the second communication satellite set based on the echo data received by each communication satellite in the second communication satellite set, and the first sensing result is transmitted to the ground side.

[0103] In one example, after receiving the echo data, at least one satellite in the second set of communication satellites (which may be a satellite specifically equipped with computing resources or any satellite that exchanges data via inter-satellite links (ISL)) will perform preliminary analysis on the collected data, calculate the first sensing result, and transmit it to the ground side for the user to view or further analyze.

[0104] For example, the echo data received by each satellite is aggregated into the satellite's computing module, or transmitted via inter-satellite link (ISL) to a satellite with greater computing power for centralized processing. The computing results, i.e., the first sensing results, may include, but are not limited to, preliminary images of the target area and rough location information of moving targets. The first sensing results are then transmitted via satellite-to-ground link to ground computing nodes or control centers for further processing on the ground side, such as further analysis and user display.

[0105] Among them, the satellite-based Sensing Function (S-SF) server is deployed on the communication satellite. It is responsible for on-board data processing during the coarse-precision sensing phase and is a key network element for achieving "satellite-ground collaborative computing and reducing satellite-ground transmission bandwidth consumption." Integrated into the LEO satellite's satellite-based User Plane Function (S-UPF), it communicates directly with the onboard base station (S-gNB) via an intra-satellite interface. The number of S-SFs corresponds one-to-one with the onboard base station (S-gNB); that is, each LEO satellite carrying an S-gNB has one S-SF deployed on its associated S-UPF. It can receive the raw wide-beam scan echo data reported by the corresponding S-gNB (and collaborating S-gNBs). The system performs noise reduction, phase correction, and imaging processing on the echo data reported by a single S-gNB to generate a coarse perception image of a single satellite (meeting the needs of large-scale monitoring). It can also perform multi-satellite data superposition and synthesis. For the "single transmit, multiple receive" mode, it receives echo data from multiple receiving S-gNBs, performs phase alignment and signal synthesis based on inter-satellite timestamp synchronization (adapting to ISL delay), and improves imaging resolution and signal-to-noise ratio.

[0106] Echo data refers to the signal data reflected back from the target area after the remote sensing beam emitted by the satellite interacts with obstacles. The initial sensing result is preliminary sensing information obtained through calculation based on the echo data collected by the wide remote sensing beam; this may include an overview image of the target area or coarse localization of moving targets. Inter-satellite links (ISL) are communication links between satellites used for rapid data exchange and collaborative operations.

[0107] In this embodiment, firstly, precise analysis of user perception needs ensures targeted resource scheduling. The use of wide beams improves the execution speed and coverage of the initial perception and detection phase. Subsequently, based on a customized satellite remote sensing strategy, the satellite is controlled to launch wide remote sensing beams, enabling rapid and extensive detection of the target area. Finally, the initial computational processing on the satellite reduces the burden on ground computing nodes and shortens the data transmission time, thus improving the overall performance of the perception service.

[0108] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, in step S520, after calculating the first sensing result based on the echo data received by each communication satellite in the second communication satellite set using at least one communication satellite in the second communication satellite set, and transmitting the first sensing result to the ground side, the method further includes: steps S600-S640:

[0109] Step S600: Divide the target area into multiple grids based on the first perception result, and determine the grid parameters of each grid.

[0110] The grid parameters include latitude and longitude boundaries and grid area.

[0111] In one example, based on the initial perception results, i.e. the first perception results, the system performs detailed grid division of the target area and defines specific parameters for each grid, including latitude and longitude boundaries and grid area, in preparation for subsequent precise detection.

[0112] For example, the sensing server analyzes the initial sensing results to identify areas that require further analysis or where targets may exist. Subsequently, the server divides the target area into multiple smaller grids based on its latitude and longitude information. Each grid covers a limited area and has clearly defined latitude and longitude boundaries and grid area parameters. The purpose of grid division is to refine the detection, enabling narrow remote sensing beams to scan specific areas more accurately.

[0113] Among them, grid parameters are data used to describe the features of each grid, including latitude and longitude boundaries and grid area, which are used to guide the accurate detection of narrow remote sensing beams.

[0114] Step S610: If the sensing service requirements are determined to include sensing accuracy, then the communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites transmit remote sensing signals through a narrow beam.

[0115] The coverage area of ​​a narrow beam is smaller than that of a wide beam.

[0116] In one example, when the sensing service requirements place particular emphasis on sensing accuracy, the system will control satellites in the second communications satellite ensemble to transmit remote sensing signals through narrow beams to improve the detection accuracy of specific areas of interest.

[0117] For example, the SF analyzes the sensing service requirements to determine if they include a need for high sensing accuracy. If so, the SF instructs the AMF to adjust the transmission mode of satellites in the second communications satellite array via the SCF, selecting to use a narrow remote sensing beam for detection. Narrow remote sensing beams have a smaller coverage area but higher resolution, making them more suitable for high-precision detection of specific targets or small areas. This adjustment may involve fine-tuning the beamwidth, frequency, and power, as well as coordinated adjustments between multiple satellites to ensure that the narrow beam accurately covers the user-specified grid. The use of narrow remote sensing beams can significantly improve the accuracy of sensing detection, especially in scenarios requiring detailed analysis of specific targets or small areas. Through the precise coverage of the narrow beam, the system can collect higher quality and more accurate sensing data.

[0118] Among them, the narrow remote sensing beam is an electromagnetic beam with limited coverage but higher resolution, which is suitable for high-precision detection of specific targets or small areas.

[0119] Step S620: Determine the target grid of interest from multiple grids based on perceived business needs.

[0120] In one example, based on the user's perceived business needs, the system filters out one or more target grids from multiple grids. These grids may contain targets of interest to the user or areas that require high-precision detection.

[0121] For example, SF further analyzes the perception business requirements to identify the user's perception accuracy requirements for specific targets or areas. Based on the preliminary information in the first perception results, the system determines which grids may contain potential targets or areas requiring high-precision analysis; these grids are marked as target grids. The determination of target grids may be based on image recognition technology, feature matching algorithms, or specific location information provided by the user.

[0122] Step S630: According to the satellite remote sensing strategy, control multiple communication satellites in the second communication satellite set to use narrow beams to remotely sense the target grid to obtain echo data, and transmit the obtained echo data to the ground-side sensing server.

[0123] In one example, according to a satellite remote sensing strategy, satellites in the second set of communication satellites use narrow remote sensing beams to perform high-precision detection of the target grid, collect echo data, and then transmit this data to a ground-side sensing server for further processing.

[0124] For example, based on the remote sensing strategy received from the SF, the AMF controls the satellites in the second communication satellite array via the SCF to adjust their transmission parameters, using a narrow remote sensing beam to scan the target grid and collect high-precision echo data. After data collection is complete, the satellites transmit the echo data to a ground-based sensing server via a satellite-to-ground link, where the server performs centralized processing and analysis.

[0125] Step S640: The second sensing result is calculated by the sensing server based on the echo data.

[0126] In one example, the perception server uses echo data received from satellites and advanced image processing and analysis algorithms to calculate a second perception result, providing more detailed target information.

[0127] For example, the perception server receives and stores echo data transmitted from satellites, and then uses suitable image processing algorithms, such as synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image processing, target recognition, and feature extraction, to perform in-depth analysis of the data, ultimately generating a second perception result, which may include more detailed information such as the target's precise location, size, and shape. The server feeds back the calculated second perception result to the user to meet the user's need for high-precision perception.

[0128] In this embodiment, gridding ensures that the narrow remote sensing beam can be concentrated on a specific area, improving detection efficiency and resource utilization. Secondly, the use of the narrow remote sensing beam significantly improves sensing accuracy, meeting the operational demand for high precision. Thirdly, the determination of the target grid optimizes resource allocation, ensuring targeted use of resources. Finally, centralized processing and analysis by the ground-side sensing server effectively utilizes ground computing resources, improving the speed and quality of sensing data processing and providing users with faster and more accurate sensing services. Through meticulous grid division, precise transmission of the narrow remote sensing beam, determination of the target grid, and collection and processing of high-precision echo data, a complete high-precision sensing and detection process is formed.

[0129] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, after selecting a second set of communication satellites from the first set of communication satellites capable of covering the target area in step S210, the method further includes: steps S700-S730:

[0130] Step S700: Obtain the communication status between multiple communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites.

[0131] In one example, the real-time communication status between satellites within the second set of communication satellites is obtained, including information such as the connection status of inter-satellite links (ISL), signal quality, and communication rate.

[0132] For example, the Network Control Function (NCF) is responsible for monitoring and managing inter-satellite links. It collects and stores communication status data between satellites in the second communication satellite ensemble. The AMF queries this data through the NCF, including but not limited to key metrics such as link bandwidth, latency, and packet loss rate, to assess the health and availability of inter-satellite communication.

[0133] Among them, communication status is real-time data reflecting the performance and availability of inter-satellite links, such as link bandwidth, latency, and packet loss rate.

[0134] Step S710: Determine the multiple communication links between multiple communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites based on the communication status.

[0135] Each communication link connects at least two communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites.

[0136] In one example, based on the acquired communication status, the system identifies multiple available inter-satellite links in the second set of communication satellites. These links enable inter-satellite communication, allowing for rapid data transmission and collaborative operations.

[0137] For example, the AMF and NCF collaborate to screen inter-satellite links with good performance, sufficient bandwidth, and low latency based on communication status data, identifying them as usable communication links. The AMF integrates the information from these links to form a link list, providing a basis for subsequent data transmission decisions.

[0138] A communication link is a stable communication path connecting two or more satellites for rapid data transmission.

[0139] Step S720: Read the link parameters of each communication link.

[0140] In one example, detailed parameters for each communication link identified in the previous step are read, including its technical specifications and current performance metrics.

[0141] For example, NCF provides link parameters for each communication link, including the link type (such as laser ISL, microwave ISL), link bandwidth, link delay, signal strength, bit error rate, and other key performance indicators. AMF reads these parameters and stores them in the link parameter database as the basis for subsequent link selection decisions.

[0142] Link parameters are technical indicators that describe the performance of inter-satellite links, such as bandwidth, latency, and signal strength, and are used to evaluate the communication capabilities and quality of the links.

[0143] Step S730: Determine whether to use the communication link for data transmission between communication satellites based on the link parameters of each communication link.

[0144] In one example, based on the link parameters of each communication link, the system assesses whether it is suitable for data transmission to ensure that the sensed data can maintain high quality and efficiency when transmitted between satellites.

[0145] For example, the AMF uses data from the link parameter database, combined with perceived business requirements such as data transmission rate and latency tolerance, to evaluate each communication link. If the link parameters meet the business requirements and system-defined performance indicators, such as sufficient link bandwidth, latency below a threshold, and controllable bit error rate, then the link is determined to be usable for data transmission. Otherwise, the link will be marked as unsuitable for use in the current scenario, and the system will search for other more suitable links.

[0146] In this embodiment, firstly, real-time monitoring of communication status ensures comprehensive and accurate data on link performance, providing a solid foundation for subsequent selection. Secondly, link identification and parameter reading create a link database containing all key information, enabling the system to understand the specific status of each inter-satellite link. Finally, based on the evaluation and selection of link parameters, the system can intelligently determine which links are most suitable for the current sensing service requirements, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of data transmission, reducing the risk of transmission delay and data loss, ensuring the efficient operation of the sensing system and optimizing the user experience.

[0147] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, the method further includes steps S800-S830:

[0148] Step S800: Upon receiving a perception detection request input by the user, obtain the user's identity information.

[0149] In one example, when the system receives a user-initiated perception detection request, the first step is to obtain the user's identity information for subsequent permission verification.

[0150] For example, a user submits a network awareness probe request through the application interface or a specific port. Upon receiving the request, the NEF (Network Exposure Function) immediately extracts the user's identity information, such as username, unique identifier, and login credentials. This typically involves interaction with an authentication server to ensure the accuracy and security of the information.

[0151] Step S810: Determine whether the user has perception and detection permissions based on the user's identity information.

[0152] In one example, the system uses the acquired user identity information to compare with the user permission database to determine whether the user has the permission to perform the requested perception detection task.

[0153] For example, NEF sends the user's identity information to the Unified Data Management (UDM) for permission verification. The UDM checks whether the user has been granted permission to perform awareness detection based on preset permission rules. If the user's identity information matches a record in the permission database, and the permission level is sufficient to cover the requested awareness service, the UDM will return a "permission granted" confirmation. Otherwise, it will return an "insufficient permissions" error message.

[0154] Step S820: If it is determined that the user has the permission to perform perception and detection, the perception and detection request is forwarded to the core network corresponding to the target area.

[0155] In one example, once user permissions are confirmed, NEF forwards the sensing and detection request to the core network, which is responsible for processing and scheduling satellite resources.

[0156] For example, after receiving the "authorization approved" confirmation from the UDM, the NEF sends the sensing and detection request to the core network, such as 5GC or 6GC, through a specific interface. The GMLC (Gateway Mobility Center) in the core network is responsible for receiving and processing these requests, and initiating subsequent resource scheduling and satellite control procedures based on the target area information in the request.

[0157] Step S830: The core network selects the corresponding network element interface based on the complexity and load requirements of the sensing service needs included in the sensing and detection request.

[0158] In one example, the core network selects the most suitable network element interface for task processing and resource scheduling based on the complexity of the perceived service requirements contained in the user request and the load requirements on system resources.

[0159] For example, GMLC analyzes sensing and detection requests and extracts detailed parameters of service requirements, such as resolution requirements, characteristics of the sensing target, and data transmission rate. Based on these parameters, GMLC determines the complexity and resource requirements of the task, and then selects specific network element interfaces that can meet these requirements. For example, for high-resolution sensing tasks, it may be necessary to select network element interfaces with high bandwidth and low latency characteristics to ensure timely data transmission and processing. AMF, based on strategies such as "sensing requirement complexity and network element load," can select two types of network element structures: 1. Location Management Function + Sensing Function, co-deployed (LMF+SF): Reuses the existing interfaces between LMF and 5GC (such as the NL1 interface), reducing satellite network modifications, with SF responsible for formulating sensing strategies. 2. SMF (Session Management Function, responsible for user plane data routing configuration): Subsequently, inter-satellite data links need to be established through SMF, and the routing of S-SF (onboard sensing function) needs to be configured.

[0160] Among them, the network element interface is the interface in the core network used to interact with other network functions or external systems. Different interfaces support different services and performance characteristics.

[0161] In this embodiment, firstly, by acquiring user identity information and verifying permissions, system security is ensured, preventing unauthorized access and resource abuse, and protecting system and data security. Secondly, forwarding sensing and detection requests to the core network enables task processing based on specialized network functions, improving the execution efficiency and data quality of sensing tasks. Finally, selecting appropriate network element interfaces ensures optimal matching between sensing service requirements and the network environment, improving system response speed and resource utilization efficiency, and providing users with a reliable, efficient, and secure sensing and detection service.

[0162] In one embodiment, such as Figure 9 As shown, the satellite remote sensing process is illustrated with an example, based on the satellite remote sensing methods described in the above embodiments:

[0163] Phase 1: Coarse-precision sensing (wide-beam scanning: rapid coverage of the target area), utilizing the satellite's idle wide-beam resources to quickly acquire coarse-precision sensing results over a large area, while simultaneously generating a TAC code grid (connecting to precise sensing).

[0164] S1, first the user initiates a coarse perception request. The execution entity is: User → AF → NEF → GMLC.

[0165] In one example, a user submits a "coarse perception request" (including service type such as SAR, perception accuracy / latency requirements, and target area) through AF; AF forwards the request to GMLC via NEF.

[0166] S2, Authentication, Authorization, and AMF Selection. Execution Entity: GMLC→UDM→GMLC→AMF.

[0167] In one example, GMLC initiates a "coarse perception authorization" (verifying the perception permissions of AF) to UDM; after authorization is successful, GMLC selects the AMF to adapt to the target area.

[0168] S3, Network Element Selection and Resource Query. Execution Entity: AMF→SF / SMF→SCF→S-gNB→NCF→S-gNB.

[0169] In one example, the AMF selects the SF responsible for policy formulation and the SMF responsible for routing. The AMF queries the "ephemeris and sensing capabilities of the target area S-gNB" through the SCF and selects the S-gNB to participate in the coordination; the AMF queries the inter-satellite link (ISL) status (connectivity, latency, bandwidth) of the selected S-gNB through the NCF.

[0170] S4, formulates coordination strategies and schedules resources. Execution entity: S-gNB→AMF→S-gNB→SMF→S-UPF.

[0171] In one example, the selected S-gNB determines the multi-satellite coordination scheme (such as "single transmit multiple receive"); the AMF issues "coarse perception strategy control instructions" to the S-gNB (including the S-gNB's "transmit / receive" role and wide beam parameters); the AMF establishes the N9 interface (inter-satellite data link) through the SMF and configures the sensing data forwarding route of the S-SF.

[0172] S5, wide-beam scanning and data acquisition. Execution unit: AMF→S-gNB→S-SF.

[0173] In one example, the AMF triggers the S-gNB to start "wide beam cooperative scanning" and simultaneously sends a sensing algorithm (such as a single-satellite SAR imaging algorithm) to the S-SF; the S-gNB receives the echo data and reports the data (the TAC code grid of the target area) to the S-SF through the N3 interface.

[0174] S6, On-board computing and result feedback. Execution entity: S-SF→AMF→GMLC→NEF→AF→User.

[0175] In one example, S-SF performs "single-station sensing calculation + multi-satellite collaborative overlay" to generate coarse sensing results; the coarse sensing results are fed back to AF via AMF, GMLC, and NEF.

[0176] S7, AF presents the user with a coarse perception result (including the TAC code grid of the target area).

[0177] The second stage: precise perception (narrow beam scanning: focusing on the TAC code region), based on the coarse perception TAC code grid, utilizes the high resolution characteristics of the narrow beam to obtain high-precision perception results of the target region.

[0178] S8, the user initiates a precise perception request. Execution entity: User → AF → GMLC.

[0179] In one example, a user submits a "precise perception request" (including the TAC code grid of the target area and higher precision requirements) through AF; AF forwards the request to GMLC.

[0180] S9, Authentication, Authorization, and AMF Reselection. Execution Entity: GMLC→UDM→GMLC→AMF.

[0181] In one example, GMLC initiates "precise perception authorization" to UDM; after authorization is granted, GMLC reselects the AMF that adapts to the TAC region.

[0182] S10, Network Element Reselection and Narrow Beam Resource Query. Execution Entity: AMF→SF / SMF→SCF→S-gNB→NCF→S-gNB.

[0183] In one example, the AMF reselects the SF and SMF with stronger computing power; the AMF queries the "narrow beam (spot beam) status of the TAC area covering the S-gNB" through the SCF; the AMF queries the ISL status of the selected S-gNB through the NCF (to ensure high-precision data transmission).

[0184] S11: Formulate precise strategies and schedule narrow beams. Execution entity: S-gNB → AMF → S-gNB.

[0185] In one example, the selected S-gNB determines the multi-satellite narrow beam cooperative scheme; the AMF issues "precise sensing strategy control instructions" (including narrow beam parameters) to the S-gNB.

[0186] S12, Narrow Beam Scanning and Data Reporting. Execution Entity: AMF → S-gNB → LMF / SF.

[0187] In one example, the AMF triggers the S-gNB to initiate a "narrow beam cooperative scan"; the S-gNB receives high-resolution echo data and reports it to the LMF / SF on the ground via the N2 interface.

[0188] S13, Ground Calculation and Result Feedback. Execution Entity: LMF / SF→AMF→GMLC→NEF→AF→User.

[0189] In one example, LMF / SF performs "high-precision sensing computation + collaborative overlay" (such as super-resolution imaging) to generate accurate sensing results; the accurate sensing results are fed back to AF via AMF, GMLC, and NEF.

[0190] S14, AF presents the user with high-precision perception results (such as the detailed features of the target and three-dimensional parameters).

[0191] When satellite resources are insufficient (e.g., no idle beams), inter-satellite links are unavailable, or an effective sensing strategy cannot be formulated, the core network will terminate the process and return a "request denial" to the user, ensuring the rationality of the process and the efficient use of resources.

[0192] This embodiment provides the entire process of satellite remote sensing methods, which can achieve layered sensing that combines rapid coverage with precise focusing, balancing sensing efficiency and accuracy, adapting to different sensing needs, reusing satellite communication resources such as S-gNB and S-UPF to carry sensing services, eliminating the need to deploy dedicated sensing satellites, and improving the utilization rate of satellite resources.

[0193] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods according to the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0194] Embodiments of this application also provide a satellite remote sensing device. Figure 10 This is a structural block diagram of a satellite remote sensing device according to an embodiment of this application. The device includes:

[0195] The request receiving module 1001 is used to receive a perception detection request input by a user on the ground side, wherein the perception detection request includes perception service requirements and target area.

[0196] The satellite determination module 1002 is used to select a second set of communication satellites from a first set of communication satellites that can cover the target area. The communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites have sensing capabilities and have idle beams that are not occupied by communication services.

[0197] Strategy module 1003 is used to determine satellite remote sensing strategies based on sensing service requirements.

[0198] The sensing module 1004 is used to control the communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites to use idle beams to remotely detect the target area using a satellite remote sensing strategy in order to obtain the sensing results.

[0199] In one exemplary embodiment, the apparatus is further configured to: query the ephemeris of each communication satellite in a satellite system based on the geographical location of the target area to determine a first set of communication satellites capable of covering the target area; query the functional information of each communication satellite in the first set of communication satellites to filter out multiple communication satellites with sensing capabilities from the first set of communication satellites as a third set of communication satellites; and read the current service status of each communication satellite in the third set of communication satellites to filter out multiple communication satellites in the third set of communication satellites that have idle beams not occupied by communication services as a second set of communication satellites.

[0200] In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus is further configured to: determine a satellite remote sensing strategy based on sensing service requirements, including: determining sensing resolution requirements and sensing accuracy requirements based on sensing service requirements; and determining a satellite remote sensing strategy based on the sensing resolution requirements and sensing accuracy requirements; wherein the satellite remote sensing strategy includes a single-transmit multiple-receive strategy and a single-transmit single-receive strategy, wherein the single-transmit multiple-receive strategy involves one satellite in the second set of communication satellites transmitting a remote sensing signal and multiple satellites receiving echo data; and the single-transmit single-receive strategy involves one satellite in the second set of communication satellites transmitting a remote sensing signal and one satellite receiving echo data.

[0201] In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus is further configured to: analyze sensing service requirements; and, if the sensing service requirements include sensing real-time performance or sensing range, enable communication satellites in the second communication satellite set to transmit remote sensing signals via wide beams, wherein: according to a satellite remote sensing strategy, control multiple communication satellites in the second communication satellite set to perform remote sensing detection of the target area using wide beams; calculate a first sensing result using at least one communication satellite in the second communication satellite set based on echo data received by each communication satellite in the second communication satellite set, and transmit the first sensing result to the ground side.

[0202] In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus is further configured to: divide the target area into multiple grids based on the first sensing result, and determine the grid parameters of each grid, wherein the grid parameters include latitude and longitude boundaries and grid area; when the sensing service requirements include sensing accuracy, cause the communication satellites in the second communication satellite set to transmit remote sensing signals through narrow beams, wherein the coverage area of ​​the narrow beams is smaller than that of the wide beams; determine the target grid of interest in the multiple grids according to the sensing service requirements; control the multiple communication satellites in the second communication satellite set to perform remote sensing detection on the target grids using narrow beams according to the satellite remote sensing strategy to obtain echo data, and transmit the obtained echo data to the ground-side sensing server; and calculate the second sensing result based on the echo data through the sensing server.

[0203] In one exemplary embodiment, the apparatus is further configured to: acquire the communication status among multiple communication satellites in a second communication satellite set; determine, based on the communication status, multiple communication links exist between the multiple communication satellites in the second communication satellite set, wherein each communication link connects at least two communication satellites in the second communication satellite set; read the link parameters of each communication link; and determine, based on the link parameters of each communication link, whether to use that communication link for data transmission between the communication satellites.

[0204] In one exemplary embodiment, the apparatus is further configured to: upon receiving a user-inputted sensing and detection request, obtain the user's identity information; determine whether the user has sensing and detection permissions based on the user's identity information; if the user has sensing and detection permissions, forward the sensing and detection request to the core network corresponding to the target area; and select the corresponding network element interface through the core network based on the complexity and load requirements of the sensing service needs contained in the sensing and detection request.

[0205] For a description of the features in the embodiments corresponding to the satellite remote sensing device, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the embodiments corresponding to the satellite remote sensing method, which will not be repeated here.

[0206] It should be noted that the above modules can be implemented by software or hardware. For the latter, they can be implemented in the following ways, but are not limited to: all the above modules are located in the same processor; or, the above modules are located in different processors in any combination.

[0207] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in any of the preceding claims.

[0208] In one exemplary embodiment, the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media capable of storing computer programs, such as a USB flash drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard disk, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0209] Embodiments of the present invention also provide an electronic device including a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program and the processor being configured to run the computer program to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0210] In one exemplary embodiment, the electronic device may further include a transmission device and an input / output device, wherein the transmission device is connected to the processor and the input / output device is connected to the processor.

[0211] Specific examples in this embodiment can be found in the examples described in the above embodiments and exemplary implementations, and will not be repeated here.

[0212] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the methods in various embodiments of the present application.

[0213] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a processor chip, including a circuit system configured to perform steps implementing the methods of various embodiments of the present application.

[0214] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using general-purpose computing devices. They can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. They can be implemented using computer-executable program code, and thus can be stored in a storage device for execution by a computing device. In some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a different order than those described herein, or they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0215] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A satellite remote sensing method, characterized in that, The method is applied to a satellite communication sensing fusion system, which includes a ground-side sensing server and a communication satellite-side sensing server. The communication satellite-side sensing server (S-SF) is integrated into the onboard user plane function (S-UPF) of the communication satellite, and communicates directly with the onboard base station via an intra-satellite interface. It possesses a user plane with sensing function (SF), capable of receiving wide-beam scanning echo data reported by the corresponding onboard base station and performing coarse-precision sensing calculations. The ground-side sensing server is integrated into the ground position management function (LMF), possessing both a user plane and a control plane with sensing function (SF). It issues coarse-precision sensing strategies to the communication satellite-side sensing server (S-SF) via the control plane and performs single-site sensing calculations and multi-satellite collaborative overlay through the communication satellite-side sensing server (S-SF). The method includes: Receive a sensing and detection request input from a user on the ground side, wherein the sensing and detection request includes sensing service requirements and a target area; A second set of communication satellites is selected from a first set of communication satellites capable of covering the target area, wherein the communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites have sensing capabilities and have idle beams not occupied by communication services. The ground-side sensing server determines the satellite remote sensing strategy based on the sensing service requirements and distributes the satellite remote sensing strategy to each communication satellite in the second communication satellite set. The satellite remote sensing strategy described above is used to control the communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites to perform remote sensing detection on the target area using the idle beams, in order to obtain the sensing results. In the coarse-precision sensing stage, where the sensing service requirements include sensing real-time performance or sensing range, multiple communication satellites in the second communication satellite set are controlled to remotely sense the target area using wide beams. The wide beam scanning echo data collected by the second communication satellite set is analyzed by the onboard sensing server S-SF of at least one of the communication satellites in the second communication satellite set, a first sensing result is calculated, and the first sensing result is transmitted to the sensing server on the ground side. The first sensing result includes the TAC code grid of the target area. In the precise perception stage, which requires sensing accuracy, the ground-side sensing server controls the communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites to use narrow remote sensing beams to detect the target grid based on the TAC code grid, thereby obtaining narrow remote sensing beam echo data. The ground-side sensing server then uses image processing algorithms to analyze the narrow remote sensing beam echo data, generate a second sensing result, and feeds the second sensing result back to the user.

2. The satellite remote sensing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of selecting a second set of communication satellites from a first set of communication satellites capable of covering the target area includes: Based on the geographical location of the target area, the ephemeris of each communication satellite in the satellite system is queried to determine the first set of communication satellites that can cover the target area; Query the functional information of each communication satellite in the first communication satellite set to filter out multiple communication satellites with sensing capabilities in the first communication satellite set as the third communication satellite set; The current service status of each communication satellite in the third communication satellite set is read to filter out multiple communication satellites in the third communication satellite set that have idle beams not occupied by communication services as the second communication satellite set.

3. The satellite remote sensing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the satellite remote sensing strategy based on the perceived service requirements includes: Based on the aforementioned sensing service requirements, the sensing resolution requirements and sensing accuracy requirements are determined. The satellite remote sensing strategy is determined based on the required sensing resolution and the required sensing accuracy. The satellite remote sensing strategies include a single-transmit multi-receiver strategy and a single-transmit single-receiver strategy. In the single-transmit multi-receiver strategy, one satellite in the second set of communication satellites transmits a remote sensing signal, and multiple satellites receive the echo data. In the single-transmit single-receiver strategy, one satellite in the second set of communication satellites transmits a remote sensing signal, and one satellite receives the echo data.

4. The satellite remote sensing method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The method of controlling communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites to perform remote sensing detection of the target area using the idle beams, in order to obtain sensing results, includes: Analyze the sensing service requirements, and if it is determined that the sensing service requirements include sensing real-time performance or sensing range, enable the communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites to transmit remote sensing signals through wide beams; According to the satellite remote sensing strategy, multiple communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites are controlled to perform remote sensing detection of the target area using the wide beam; The first sensing result is calculated by at least one of the communication satellites in the second communication satellite set based on the echo data received by each of the communication satellites in the second communication satellite set, and the first sensing result is transmitted to the ground side.

5. The satellite remote sensing method according to claim 4, characterized in that, After calculating a first sensing result based on echo data received from each communication satellite in the second communication satellite set using at least one communication satellite in the second communication satellite set, and transmitting the first sensing result to the ground side, the method further includes: Based on the first perception result, the target area is divided into multiple grids, and the grid parameters of each grid are determined, wherein the grid parameters include latitude and longitude boundaries and grid area; If the sensing service requirements include sensing accuracy, then the communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites transmit remote sensing signals through a narrow beam, wherein the coverage area of ​​the narrow beam is smaller than that of the wide beam. Based on the perceived service requirements, the target grid of interest is determined from the multiple grids; According to the satellite remote sensing strategy, multiple communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites are controlled to use the narrow beam to remotely detect the target grid and obtain echo data, and the obtained echo data is transmitted to the ground-side sensing server. The sensing server calculates a second sensing result based on the echo data.

6. The satellite remote sensing method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, After selecting a second set of communication satellites from a first set of communication satellites capable of covering the target area, the method further includes: Obtain the communication status between multiple communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites; Based on the communication status, multiple communication links are determined to exist between multiple communication satellites in the second communication satellite set, wherein each of the communication links connects at least two communication satellites in the second communication satellite set; Read the link parameters for each of the aforementioned communication links; Whether to use a particular communication link for data transmission between communication satellites is determined based on the link parameters of each communication link.

7. The satellite remote sensing method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The method further includes: Upon receiving a perception detection request input by the user, the user's identity information is obtained; Determine whether the user has perception and detection permissions based on the user's identity information; If it is determined that the user has the permission to perform perception and detection, the perception and detection request is forwarded to the core network corresponding to the target area; The core network selects the corresponding network element interface based on the complexity and load requirements of the sensing service needs included in the sensing and detection request.

8. A satellite remote sensing device, characterized in that, The device is applied to a satellite communication sensing fusion system, which includes a ground-side sensing server and a communication satellite-side sensing server. The communication satellite-side sensing server (S-SF) is integrated into the onboard user plane function (S-UPF) of the communication satellite, and communicates directly with the onboard base station via an intra-satellite interface. It possesses a user plane with sensing function (SF), capable of receiving wide-beam scanning echo data reported by the corresponding onboard base station and performing coarse-precision sensing calculations. The ground-side sensing server is integrated into the ground position management function (LMF), possessing both a user plane and a control plane with sensing function (SF). It issues coarse-precision sensing strategies to the communication satellite-side sensing server (S-SF) via the control plane and performs single-station sensing calculations and multi-satellite collaborative overlay through the communication satellite-side sensing server (S-SF). The device includes: The request receiving module is used to receive a perception detection request input by a user on the ground side, wherein the perception detection request includes perception service requirements and target area; The satellite determination module is used to filter a second set of communication satellites from a first set of communication satellites that can cover the target area, wherein the communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites have sensing capabilities and have idle beams that are not occupied by communication services. The strategy module is used to determine the satellite remote sensing strategy based on the sensing service requirements through the ground-side sensing server and to distribute the satellite remote sensing strategy to each communication satellite in the second communication satellite set; The sensing module is used to control the communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites to perform remote sensing detection of the target area using the idle beams, in order to obtain sensing results. In the coarse-precision sensing stage, where the sensing service requirements include sensing real-time performance or sensing range, multiple communication satellites in the second communication satellite set are controlled to remotely sense the target area using wide beams. The wide beam scanning echo data collected by the second communication satellite set is analyzed by the onboard sensing server S-SF of at least one of the communication satellites in the second communication satellite set, a first sensing result is calculated, and the first sensing result is transmitted to the sensing server on the ground side. The first sensing result includes the TAC code grid of the target area. In the precise perception stage, which requires sensing accuracy, the ground-side sensing server controls the communication satellites in the second set of communication satellites to use narrow remote sensing beams to detect the target grid based on the TAC code grid, thereby obtaining narrow remote sensing beam echo data. The ground-side sensing server then uses image processing algorithms to analyze the narrow remote sensing beam echo data, generate a second sensing result, and feeds the second sensing result back to the user.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor for executing the computer program to implement the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

11. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

12. A processor chip, comprising a circuit system, characterized in that, The circuit system is configured to perform the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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