Special diet for correcting micronutrient deficiency of old people and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a special diet for correcting micronutrient deficiency of old people, which relates to the technical field of food and comprises protein, fat, carbohydrate, compound vitamins, compound minerals and food additives. The energy supply ratio of protein is 20-50%, the energy supply ratio of carbohydrate is 40-60%, and the energy supply ratio of fat is lt; 10%; every 100kJ of diet contains more than or equal to 100mg of the compound vitamins, more than or equal to 150mg of the compound minerals and more than or equal to 200mg of the food additives. The special diet suitable for the old people is provided on the basis of the dietary nutrition status survey result of the old people and referring to the reference intake of dietary nutrients for Chinese residents (2013 edition), the special diet contains rich nutritional ingredients, can meet the requirements of the old people for nutrients, and is reasonable in content of all the components and suitable for being eaten by the old people. The food is suitable for correcting the micronutrient malnutrition condition of old people.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of food technology, and in particular to a special diet for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0003] Due to physiological changes, older adults have increased relative requirements for protein and micronutrients, but decreased intake and utilization, making them more susceptible to malnutrition than healthy adults. Furthermore, the dietary intake of vitamins B1, B2, niacin, vitamin C, vitamin E, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, copper, phosphorus, and selenium in older adults is far below the recommended intake levels (DRIs). Evidence suggests that malnutrition not only impairs the health of older adults but also increases their risk of fractures, infections, immune disorders, endocrine disorders, neurological disorders, and psychiatric disorders, leading to adverse clinical outcomes. Therefore, it is crucial to prioritize the nutritional status of older adults to reduce adverse clinical outcomes and the resulting socioeconomic burden caused by nutrition-related problems.

[0004] Over the past few decades, the use of micronutrient-related dietary supplements among the elderly has been growing rapidly. Currently available micronutrient supplements have several drawbacks: First, their formulations are largely based on data from overseas population studies and may not be entirely suitable for the nutritional needs of older adults in China. Second, they are often available in limited forms, primarily tablets or capsules. However, older adults, due to vision loss, swallowing difficulties, and other issues, are prone to potential risks such as accidental ingestion, missed doses, or aspiration. Third, they are often only recommended for specific populations and their primary purpose is to "reduce the risk of certain chronic diseases," rather than addressing micronutrient deficiencies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a special diet for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly and its preparation method, which can solve the above problems and provide a special diet that has good compliance and tolerability in the elderly and can correct micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] This invention provides a special diet for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly, characterized by comprising protein, fat, carbohydrates, complex vitamins, complex minerals, and food additives; wherein the protein provides 20%-50% of the energy, the carbohydrates provide 40%-60% of the energy, and the fat provides <10% of the energy; per 100kJ of dietary intake, the complex vitamins are ≥100mg, the complex minerals are ≥150mg, and the food additives are ≥200mg.

[0008] The special diet provided by the present invention for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly preferably contains proteins selected from one or more of whey protein concentrate and soy protein isolate.

[0009] The special diet provided by this invention for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly preferably contains carbohydrates selected from one or more of sucrose, maltodextrin, lactose, starch, glucose, and fructose.

[0010] The special diet provided by this invention for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly preferably includes a compound mineral selected from one or more of the following: calcium, magnesium 100mg, zinc, iron, selenium, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, zinc gluconate, sodium iron EDTA, and selenium-enriched yeast.

[0011] The special diet provided by this invention for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly preferably includes a complex vitamin selected from one or more of vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, vitamin D3, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, folic acid, sodium vitamin C, and β-carotene.

[0012] The special diet provided by the present invention for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly is preferably prepared as a powder, granules, or paste, mixed with a solvent to make a beverage, or made into a nutrition bar.

[0013] The method for preparing a special diet for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly provided by this invention includes the following steps:

[0014] S101: After grinding and sieving compound vitamins and compound minerals, they are premixed with carbohydrates in equal increments to prepare a premixed material.

[0015] S102: Mix the premix and the carbohydrates for 15-20 minutes, then add the protein, fat and carbohydrates in equal increments and continue mixing for 25-30 minutes. Add food additives and mix. Discharge the mixture to obtain the special diet for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly.

[0016] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0017] This invention provides a special diet for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly, comprising protein, fat, carbohydrates, multivitamins, multiminerals, and food additives; the protein provides 20%-50% of the energy, the carbohydrates provide 40%-60%, and the fat provides <10% of the energy; per 100kJ of dietary intake, the multivitamins provide ≥100mg, the multiminerals provide ≥150mg, and the food additives provide ≥200mg. This special diet for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly contains abundant nutrients, meeting the nutritional needs of the elderly, and the proportions of each component are reasonable. It is suitable for correcting micronutrient malnutrition in the elderly, thereby improving their quality of life, and is suitable for long-term consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The invention, its features, shape, and advantages will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals denote like parts throughout the drawings. The drawings are not intentionally drawn to scale; the focus is on illustrating the spirit of the invention.

[0019] Figure 1 This refers to the changes in blood and urine micronutrient levels in the elderly provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This refers to the change in skin fold thickness at the inferior angle of the scapula in the elderly, as provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This refers to the change in scores of the MNA-SF scale for the elderly provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but these are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0023] Example 1:

[0024] Example 1 of this invention provides a special diet for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly. A 20g serving contains 244KJ of energy and includes the following components: protein providing 20%-50% of energy, carbohydrates providing 40%-60% of energy, fat providing <10% of energy, complex vitamins ≥244mg, complex minerals ≥366mg, and food additives ≥488mg. Specifically, it includes calcium, magnesium 100mg, zinc, iron, selenium, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, vitamin D3, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and folic acid 264mg.

[0025] Soy protein and whey protein serve as protein sources, while maltodextrin and rice flour serve as carbohydrate sources, thereby increasing the consistency of the formula and giving the product a grain aroma that is preferred by the elderly.

[0026] The specific forms of micronutrient supplementation are calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, zinc gluconate, sodium iron EDTA, selenium-enriched yeast, sodium vitamin C, beta-carotene, and vitamin D3.

[0027] This diet can be made into powder, granules, or paste, mixed with solvents to make beverages, or made into nutrition bars for the preparation of nutritional formula diets and special diets.

[0028] Functional verification experiment of the special diet prepared in Example 1 to correct micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly:

[0029] A randomized controlled trial was conducted, recruiting 82 elderly volunteers aged 65 to 100 years. The trial protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Shanghai Nutrition Society (2017-001). All participants signed informed consent forms before the start of the study. This study has been registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (http: / / www.chictr.org.cn).

[0030] The trial lasted for 3 months (12 weeks); the control group took a placebo daily, while the intervention group took one packet of the special dietary food for the elderly prepared in Example 1 daily; the method of consumption was to add it to warm water, milk, juice, or porridge and take it orally, either during or after meals, or in divided doses; all volunteers underwent dietary nutrition, anthropometric measurements, blood biochemical indicators, blood micronutrients, and urinary vitamin load tests before and after the trial.

[0031] The results are as follows Figures 1-3 As shown:

[0032] Figure 1 In the table, A represents changes in plasma zinc levels; B represents changes in serum vitamin A levels; C represents changes in serum vitamin B1 levels; D represents changes in serum vitamin B2 levels; E represents changes in serum vitamin B12 levels; F represents changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels; G represents changes in serum folic acid levels; and H represents changes in urinary vitamin C levels. After consuming the special diet for the elderly prepared in Example 1 for 3 months, the nutritional status of the elderly was effectively improved in terms of blood zinc, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B12, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, folic acid, and urinary vitamin C.

[0033] Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that after consuming the special diet for the elderly prepared in Example 1 for 3 months, the thickness of the skinfold at the inferior angle of the scapula was effectively improved in the elderly.

[0034] Depend on Figure 3It can be seen that after consuming the special diet for the elderly prepared in Example 1 for 3 months, the overall nutritional status score of the elderly was effectively improved.

[0035] The special diet provided in Example 1 for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly can significantly correct malnutrition in the elderly, increase the thickness of the skinfold at the inferior angle of the scapula, increase the total nutritional status score, thereby improving the quality of life of the elderly, and is suitable for long-term consumption.

[0036] Example 2:

[0037] Example 2 of this invention provides a method for preparing a special diet to correct micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly, comprising the following steps:

[0038] S101: After grinding and sieving compound vitamins and compound minerals, they are premixed with carbohydrates in equal increments to prepare a premixed material.

[0039] S102: Mix the premix and carbohydrates for 15-20 minutes, then add protein, fat and carbohydrates in equal increments and continue mixing for 25-30 minutes. Add food additives and mix well. Discharge the mixture to obtain a special diet to correct micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly.

[0040] In summary, the present invention provides a special diet for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly. It is rich in nutrients, can meet the nutritional needs of the elderly, and has a reasonable content of each component. It is suitable for correcting micronutrient malnutrition in the elderly, thereby improving their quality of life, and is suitable for long-term consumption.

[0041] Those skilled in the art should understand that variations can be implemented by combining existing technology and the above embodiments, and will not be elaborated here. Such variations do not affect the essence of the present invention, and will not be elaborated here.

[0042] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and the devices and structures not described in detail should be understood as being implemented in a manner common to the art; any possible variations and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, or equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, do not affect the essential content of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special diet for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly, characterized in that, It includes protein, fat, carbohydrates, multivitamins, multiminerals, and food additives; the protein provides 20%-50% of the energy, the carbohydrates provide 40%-60% of the energy, and the fat provides <10% of the energy; per 100kJ of diet, the multivitamins are ≥100mg, the multiminerals are ≥150mg, and the food additives are ≥200mg.

2. The special diet for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The protein is selected from one or more of whey protein concentrate and soy protein isolate.

3. The special diet for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The carbohydrates are selected from one or more of sucrose, maltodextrin, lactose, starch, glucose, and fructose.

4. The special diet for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The compound minerals are selected from one or more of the following: calcium, magnesium 100mg, zinc, iron, selenium, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, zinc gluconate, sodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate, and selenium-enriched yeast.

5. The special diet for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The compound vitamin is selected from one or more of vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, vitamin D3, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, folic acid, sodium vitamin C, and beta-carotene.

6. The special diet for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly as described in any of claims 1-5, characterized in that, This diet can be made into powder, granules, paste, mixed with solvents to make beverages, or made into nutrition bars.

7. A method for preparing a special diet to correct micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly, used to prepare the special diet for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S101: After grinding and sieving compound vitamins and compound minerals, they are premixed with carbohydrates in equal increments to prepare a premixed material. S102: Mix the premix and the carbohydrates for 15-20 minutes, then add the protein, fat and carbohydrates in equal increments and continue mixing for 25-30 minutes. Add food additives and mix. Discharge the mixture to obtain the special diet for correcting micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly.

Images