Simulation training model for puncture under guidance of mammary gland ultrasonic examination

Abstract

The invention relates to a medical training model, in particular to a mammary gland ultrasound examination guided puncture simulation training model, comprising: a bionic matrix module which is formed by sequentially stacking two layers of gelatin, the concentration of the gelatin solution of each layer being different, and respectively simulating a fat layer and a gland layer; the focus simulation module comprises a cystic focus simulation unit and a real disease simulation unit; wherein the cystic focus simulation unit adopts a liquid or semi-flow medium, namely simulated human body liquid; wherein the solid lesion unit adopts a biological tissue block or a high-density gel block which is a biological tissue for simulating solid lesion; the focus simulation module is mixed in a gelatin solution before gelatin is solidified when a gland layer is simulated, and the focus simulation module is wrapped and fixed after the gelatin solution is solidified. The method has the advantages that a gradient bionic structure is simulated according to needs, 'image-hand feeling 'integrated focus simulation can be achieved, the cost is low, and the performance is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of breast ultrasound detection training model technology, and in particular to a breast ultrasound-guided puncture simulation training model. Background Technology

[0002] In medicine, when conducting ultrasound interventional simulation training on simulated breasts, the models currently used mainly include konjac gel models, animal tissue models, and high-fidelity polyurethane silicone models.

[0003] Konjac gel models are mainly used for puncture practice in areas such as the breast due to their low anatomical and physical simulation. However, their fundamental drawbacks are: poor mechanical simulation, brittle and hard texture, lack of real tissue elasticity, and inability to simulate the feel of biopsy cutting; in addition, their homogeneous and uniform structure cannot present the layered anatomy of breast fat and glands.

[0004] For animal tissue models: tissue characteristics vary greatly from person to person and cannot be standardized; there are also biosafety risks and ethical issues, and the preservation time is short; in addition, it is impossible to simulate specific human anatomical structures (such as mammary gland layering).

[0005] High-fidelity polyurethane silicone models are extremely expensive (thousands to tens of thousands of US dollars), have high puncture costs, and the lesions are usually prefabricated and fixed, which cannot be flexibly adjusted, limiting the diversity of training scenarios.

[0006] Based on this, a simulation model is designed that not only requires low cost and reusability, but also the ability to accurately simulate the ultrasound imaging characteristics and puncture feel of various typical lesions. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a simulation training model for breast ultrasound-guided puncture, which solves the problems that existing models cannot simulate the ultrasound imaging characteristics and puncture feel of various typical lesions, as well as the problems of high cost and non-reusability.

[0008] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a simulation training model for breast ultrasound-guided biopsy, comprising: The biomimetic matrix module is composed of two layers of gelatin stacked sequentially, with each layer having a different gelatin solution concentration to simulate the fat layer and gland layer, respectively; the outer surface of the biomimetic matrix module corresponds to the outer surface of the gelatin layer, which simulates the skin layer. The lesion simulation module includes a cystic lesion simulation unit and a solid lesion simulation unit. The cystic lesion simulation unit uses a liquid or semi-fluid medium to simulate human body fluids. The solid lesion unit uses biological tissue blocks or high-density gel blocks to simulate the biological tissue of solid lesions. The lesion simulation module is mixed in a gelatin solution before the gelatin solidifies in the simulated gland layer. After the gelatin solution solidifies, it encapsulates and fixes the lesion simulation module.

[0009] Furthermore, in the biomimetic matrix module: the concentration of the gelatin solution in the gelatin layer simulating the fat layer is 5%-15% by w / v, and the concentration of the gelatin solution in the gelatin layer simulating the gland layer is 20%-30%.

[0010] Furthermore, in the lesion simulation module: the liquid or semi-fluid medium used in the cystic lesion simulation unit refers to deionized water, ultrasound coupling agent, or viscous liquid; wherein, the viscous liquid is a mixture of petrolatum and ultrasound coupling agent.

[0011] Furthermore, in the lesion simulation module, the biological tissue block or high-density gel block used in the solid lesion unit refers to animal tissue block, high-concentration protein gel or composite gelatin block.

[0012] Furthermore, during the preparation of the gelatin layer in the biomimetic matrix module: S1. Preparation of the fat layer; First, pour an appropriate amount of gelatin powder into warm water and stir until fully dissolved. Then, add pigment to form a gelatin solution. A gelatin solution containing pigment is poured into a mold and allowed to stand for a period of time before solidifying to form a gelatin layer that simulates a fat layer. S2. A paper towel is laid on the upper surface of the gelatin layer simulating a fat layer; S3, Preparation of the fat layer; First, pour a certain amount of gelatin powder into warm water and stir until fully dissolved. Then, add pigment to form a gelatin solution. Pour the corresponding gelatin solution onto a paper towel, then place the lesion simulation module into the gelatin solution. After standing for a period of time, it solidifies to form a simulated gland layer. The simulated gland layer contains a lesion simulation module.

[0013] Furthermore, in S1, the lower surface of the gelatin layer that forms the simulated fat layer is the simulated skin layer.

[0014] Furthermore, during the preparation of the fat layer in S3: When placing the lesion simulation module of the cystic lesion simulation unit, a thin rubber glove or a small balloon is used to fill the lesion with ultrasound coupling agent and water and then sealed to simulate cystic nodules. A thin rubber glove or a small balloon is used to fill the lesion with a mixture of ultrasound coupling agent and hand cream and then sealed to simulate cystic-solid nodules. When placing the lesion simulation module into the solid lesion unit, small oval shapes of pig liver and pork are used to simulate solid nodules, while small particles of stone, Chinese medicinal herbs, and peach kernels are used to simulate calcifications.

[0015] The present invention has the following advantages: (1) Gradient biomimetic structure; Specifically, by controlling the spatial arrangement and combination of gelatin layers of different concentrations, a biomimetic matrix with specific acoustic impedance gradients and mechanical gradients (modulus) can be actively designed as needed; this is the basis for achieving highly realistic layered ultrasound images and differentiated puncture sensations. (2) It can simulate lesions in an integrated manner, combining "image-tactile" techniques; Specifically, instead of randomly embedding foreign objects, a systematic selection of media with distinct acoustic properties (water / coupling agent, viscous paste, real biological tissue) is made to establish a precise and fixed correspondence between the ultrasound imaging characteristics (anechoic, hypoechoic, isoechoic) and the tactile sensation of puncture (feeling of emptiness, feeling of resistance, feeling of cutting), thus enabling closed-loop training throughout the entire process from imaging diagnosis to interventional procedures. (3) Low cost and high performance; It is not a simple material replacement for commercial models, but provides a complete technical solution from material selection (gelatin), structural design (gradient layering) to preparation process (step casting, embedding), achieving the core training functions that were previously only possible with expensive models under extremely low cost constraints. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram for weighing gelatin raw materials; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a nodule simulated by the lesion simulation module; Figure 3 A diagram illustrating the process of pouring gelatin into a container to prepare it for dissolution; Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the stirring and dissolving of gelatin; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a breast model with black pigment added; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a glandular layer that does not contain pigment. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] This embodiment discloses a simulation training model for breast ultrasound-guided puncture, including a biomimetic matrix module and a lesion simulation module.

[0020] The following is an explanation of the biomimetic matrix module.

[0021] The biomimetic matrix module is composed of two layers of gelatin stacked sequentially, with each layer having a different gelatin solution concentration to simulate the fat layer and gland layer, respectively; the outer surface of the biomimetic matrix module corresponds to the outer surface of the gelatin layer, which simulates the skin layer.

[0022] Specifically, based on w / v, the concentration of gelatin solution for the gelatin layer simulating the fat layer is 5%-15%, and the concentration of gelatin solution for the gelatin layer simulating the gland layer is 20%-30%.

[0023] The lesion simulation module is explained below.

[0024] The lesion simulation module includes a cystic lesion simulation unit and a solid lesion simulation unit. The cystic lesion simulation unit uses a liquid or semi-fluid medium to simulate human body fluids. The solid lesion unit uses biological tissue blocks or high-density gel blocks to simulate the biological tissue of solid lesions. Furthermore, the lesion simulation module is mixed in a gelatin solution before the gelatin in the simulated gland layer solidifies, and the gelatin solution then encapsulates and fixes the lesion simulation module after solidification.

[0025] Specifically, in the lesion simulation module, if the liquid or semi-fluid medium used in the cystic lesion simulation unit refers to deionized water, ultrasound coupling agent, or viscous liquid, the viscous liquid being a mixture of petroleum jelly and ultrasound coupling agent. In the lesion simulation module, if the biological tissue block or high-density gel block used in the solid lesion unit refers to animal tissue block, high-concentration protein gel, or composite gelatin block.

[0026] The preparation of the gelatin layer in the biomimetic matrix module is described below.

[0027] See Figures 1-6 The preparation of the gelatin layer in the biomimetic matrix module includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of the fat layer; First, pour an appropriate amount of gelatin powder into warm water and stir until fully dissolved. Then, add pigment to form a gelatin solution. A gelatin solution containing pigment is poured into a mold and allowed to stand for a period of time before solidifying to form a gelatin layer that simulates a fat layer. The lower surface of the gelatin layer that forms the simulated fat layer is the simulated skin layer. S2. A paper towel is laid on the upper surface of the gelatin layer simulating a fat layer; S3, Preparation of the fat layer; First, pour a certain amount of gelatin powder into warm water and stir until fully dissolved. Then, add pigment to form a gelatin solution. Pour the corresponding gelatin solution onto a paper towel, then place the lesion simulation module into the gelatin solution. After standing for a period of time, it solidifies to form a simulated gland layer. It should be noted that when preparing the fat layer: (1) when placing the lesion simulation module of the cystic lesion simulation unit, a thin rubber glove or a small balloon is used to fill the lesion with ultrasound coupling agent and water and then sealed to simulate cystic nodules; a thin rubber glove or a small balloon is used to fill the lesion simulation module with a mixture of ultrasound coupling agent and hand cream and then sealed to simulate solid cystic nodules; (2) when placing the lesion simulation module of the solid lesion unit, small oval shapes of pig liver and pork are used to simulate solid nodules; small particles of stone, Chinese medicinal herb Qianghuo, and peach kernel are used to simulate calcifications.

[0028] (Example) The following specific examples illustrate the process (using the preparation method described above).

[0029] 1. Mixing and dissolving: Pour the gelatin powder into warm water at about 60℃ (a higher temperature helps the gelatin to dissolve fully), and stir continuously clockwise until the gelatin is completely dissolved. You can add an appropriate amount of blue, red or black pigment.

[0030] 2. Processing the prototype: Wash and dry the container that needs to be molded, and apply a layer of release agent (petroleum jelly, cooking oil) evenly to the surface to prevent sticking.

[0031] 3. Casting and Shaping: Pour the dissolved gelatin solution evenly and slowly along the container wall into the mold, then let it cool at room temperature for about 0.5 hours (the fat layer is thinner and sets faster). After the first layer has completely solidified, place a paper towel inside to simulate layering, then slowly pour in the second layer (glandular layer), and let it stand for about 1 hour until completely solidified. Specific layering steps (from bottom to top, solidifying layer by layer): First layer: Skin layer Note: No separate fabrication is required; the probe will naturally appear after contacting the model.

[0032] Second layer: Fat layer Formula: 15g gelatin, 100ml water. (Gelatin:water ≈ 3:20) Procedure: Slowly and evenly pour the gelatin liquid into the mold, avoiding the formation of air bubbles, to a depth of about 1-2 cm. Let it stand to solidify.

[0033] Third layer: Glandular layer (lesion implantation layer) Formula: 50g gelatin, 200ml water. (Gelatin:water ≈ 1:4).

[0034] Procedure: Pour gelatin liquid into the mold on top of the first layer, and place a paper towel inside to simulate layering, about 3-4 cm deep. Immediately implant the "lesion" (key step): Cystic nodules (can be used for puncture and aspiration): Use thin rubber gloves or small balloons filled with ultrasound coupling agent, water, or other liquids of different densities, paying attention to the tension of the cyst.

[0035] Solid nodules (can be used for biopsy): Pig liver, pork, etc., cut into small oval shapes.

[0036] Cystic-solid nodules (can be used for puncture, aspiration or biopsy): Use a thin rubber glove or a small balloon, filled with a mixture of ultrasound coupling agent and hand cream.

[0037] Calcification foci: stones, small particles such as the Chinese medicinal herbs Qianghuo and peach kernels.

[0038] The above embodiments only illustrate preferred implementation methods, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A simulation training model for breast ultrasound-guided biopsy, characterized in that: include: The biomimetic matrix module is composed of two layers of gelatin stacked sequentially, with each layer having a different gelatin solution concentration to simulate the fat layer and gland layer, respectively; the outer surface of the biomimetic matrix module corresponds to the outer surface of the gelatin layer, which simulates the skin layer. The lesion simulation module includes a cystic lesion simulation unit and a solid lesion simulation unit. The cystic lesion simulation unit uses a liquid or semi-fluid medium to simulate human body fluids. The solid lesion unit uses biological tissue blocks or high-density gel blocks to simulate the biological tissue of solid lesions. The lesion simulation module is mixed in a gelatin solution before the gelatin solidifies in the simulated gland layer. After the gelatin solution solidifies, it encapsulates and fixes the lesion simulation module.

2. The breast ultrasound-guided puncture simulation training model according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the aforementioned biomimetic matrix module: Based on w / v, the concentration of gelatin solution for simulating the gelatin layer of the fat layer is 5%-15%, and the concentration of gelatin solution for simulating the gelatin layer of the gland layer is 20%-30%.

3. The breast ultrasound-guided puncture simulation training model according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the aforementioned lesion simulation module: The liquid or semi-fluid medium used in the cystic lesion simulation unit refers to deionized water, ultrasound coupling agent, or viscous liquid; among which, the viscous liquid is a mixture of petrolatum and ultrasound coupling agent.

4. The breast ultrasound-guided puncture simulation training model according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the aforementioned lesion simulation module: The biological tissue blocks or high-density gel blocks used in solid lesion units refer to animal tissue blocks, high-concentration protein gels, or composite gelatin blocks.

5. A breast ultrasound-guided puncture simulation training model according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: When preparing the gelatin layer in the aforementioned biomimetic matrix module: S1. Preparation of the fat layer; First, pour an appropriate amount of gelatin powder into warm water and stir until fully dissolved. Then, add pigment to form a gelatin solution. A pigmented gelatin solution is poured into a mold and allowed to stand for a period of time before solidifying to form a gelatin layer that simulates a fat layer. S2. A paper towel is laid on the upper surface of the gelatin layer simulating a fat layer; S3, Preparation of the fat layer; First, pour a certain amount of gelatin powder into warm water and stir until fully dissolved. Then, add pigment to form a gelatin solution. Pour the corresponding gelatin solution onto a paper towel, then place the lesion simulation module into the gelatin solution. After standing for a period of time, it solidifies to form a simulated gland layer. The simulated gland layer contains a lesion simulation module.

6. The breast ultrasound-guided puncture simulation training model according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S1, the lower surface of the gelatin layer that forms the simulated fat layer is the simulated skin layer.

7. A breast ultrasound-guided puncture simulation training model according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: When preparing the fat layer in S3: When placing the lesion simulation module of the cystic lesion simulation unit, a thin rubber glove or a small balloon is used to fill the lesion with ultrasound coupling agent and water and then sealed to simulate cystic nodules. A thin rubber glove or a small balloon is used to fill the lesion with a mixture of ultrasound coupling agent and hand cream and then sealed to simulate cystic-solid nodules. When placing the lesion simulation module into the solid lesion unit, small oval shapes of pig liver and pork are used to simulate solid nodules, while small particles of stone, Chinese medicinal herbs, and peach kernels are used to simulate calcifications.

Images