A method and device for counter-deformation of a welded structure

Abstract

This application provides an anti-deformation design method and apparatus for welded structures, relating to the field of superconducting magnet technology. The method includes: constructing a three-dimensional structural model of the weld seam; performing thermo-mechanical coupling analysis and stiffness analysis on the three-dimensional weld seam model to determine the inherent deformation caused by the welding process and the impact load deformation caused by service impact loads; determining anti-deformation parameters to compensate for the total deformation of the welded structure based on the inherent deformation and impact load deformation; and determining the geometric parameters of the welded structure based on the anti-deformation parameters. Therefore, this method suppresses deformation failure of the welded structure caused by the superposition of dynamic loads, extends the service life of the welded structure, and thus improves the operational reliability of the superconducting magnet cryogenic thermostat and even the entire high-speed maglev train.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of superconducting magnet technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for anti-deformation design of welded structures. Background Technology

[0002] The superconducting magnet cryostat, as a core component of high-speed maglev trains, primarily functions to maintain the stable operation of superconducting coils in ultra-low temperature (e.g., below -230℃), high vacuum, and strong magnetic field environments, thereby providing a solid guarantee for the efficient and safe operation of high-speed maglev trains.

[0003] However, because the welded structure of the superconducting magnet cryogenic thermostat needs to withstand dynamic loads generated by the coupling of multiple physical fields during service, the superposition of these dynamic loads makes the welded structure of the superconducting magnet cryogenic thermostat prone to deformation and failure, resulting in a significant shortening of its service life, which seriously threatens the operational reliability of the superconducting magnet cryogenic thermostat and even the entire high-speed maglev train. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides an anti-deformation design method and apparatus for welded structures. This method suppresses deformation failure of welded structures caused by the superposition of dynamic loads, extends the service life of welded structures, and thereby improves the operational reliability of superconducting magnet cryogenic thermostats and even the entire high-speed maglev train.

[0005] The embodiments of this application disclose the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, this application discloses an anti-deformation design method for welded structures, the method comprising: Construct a three-dimensional structural model of the weld seam of the welded structure; The three-dimensional structural model of the weld was subjected to thermo-mechanical coupling analysis and stiffness analysis to determine the inherent deformation caused by the welding process and the impact load deformation caused by the service impact load. Based on the inherent deformation and the impact load deformation, determine the reverse deformation parameter used to compensate for the total deformation of the welded structure; The geometric parameters of the welded structure are determined based on the inverse deformation parameters.

[0006] Optionally, the three-dimensional structural model of the weld can be constructed as follows: Based on the loading range of the thermal shock load, a thermo-mechanical coupling analysis is performed to obtain the maximum residual stress of the welded structure under the thermal shock load. Based on the maximum residual stress, loading factor, and yield strength of multiple candidate materials, the welded structure material is determined from the multiple candidate materials; Based on the welded structure material, a stiffness analysis is performed by applying a structural field impact load to obtain the deformation range of the welded structure under the structural field impact load. The wall thickness of the welding material is determined based on the deformation range, the loading factor, and the flatness requirements. Based on the welding structure material and the wall thickness of the welding material, a three-dimensional structural model of the weld is constructed.

[0007] Optionally, determining the inverse deformation parameter for compensating the total deformation of the welded structure based on the inherent deformation and the impact load deformation includes: The inherent deformation and the impact load deformation are vector-synthesized to determine the vector sum of the inverse deformation of the welded structure. The anti-deformation parameter used to compensate for the total deformation of the welded structure is determined based on the sum of the anti-deformation vector of the welded structure, the product of the loading factor and the thickness correction factor.

[0008] Optionally, the geometric parameters of the welded structure include the weld bevel angle; Determining the geometric parameters of the welded structure based on the inverse deformation parameter includes: The overall deformation of the welded structure is determined based on the aforementioned inverse deformation parameters. The weld bevel angle is determined based on the sum of the basic bevel angle and the first value; the first value is the product of the deformation sensitivity coefficient and the comprehensive deformation.

[0009] Optionally, the geometric parameters of the welded structure include the weld groove depth; Determining the geometric parameters of the welded structure based on the inverse deformation parameter includes: The weld groove depth is determined by multiplying the standard penetration depth by the second value; the second value is the sum of 1 and the third value, where the third value is the ratio of the product of the material correction factor and the comprehensive deformation to the wall thickness of the welded structure.

[0010] Optionally, the welded structure includes a weld zone and a heat-affected zone; Obtaining the maximum residual stress of the welded structure under the thermal shock load includes: The first maximum residual stress in the weld zone and the second maximum residual stress in the heat-affected zone under the same thermal shock load are obtained. The larger of the first maximum residual stress and the second maximum residual stress is determined as the maximum residual stress of the welded structure under the thermal shock load.

[0011] Optionally, determining the weldable structural material from the plurality of candidate materials based on the maximum residual stress, loading factor, and yield strength of the candidate materials includes: If, among the plurality of candidate materials, there exists a candidate material whose yield strength to loading factor ratio is greater than the maximum residual stress, then the welded structure material is determined to be one of the candidate materials.

[0012] In a second aspect, this application discloses an anti-deformation design device for a welded structure, the device comprising: a response result acquisition module, a deformation amount determination module, an anti-deformation design module for an anti-deformation welded structure, and an anti-deformation design module for a geometric welded structure; The model building module is used to build a three-dimensional structural model of the weld seam of the welded structure; The deformation determination module is used to perform thermo-mechanical coupling analysis and stiffness analysis on the three-dimensional structural model of the weld to determine the inherent deformation caused by the welding process and the impact load deformation caused by the service impact load. The reverse deformation parameter determination module is used to determine the reverse deformation parameter for compensating the total deformation of the welded structure based on the inherent deformation and the impact load deformation. The geometric parameter determination module is used to determine the geometric parameters of the welded structure based on the inverse deformation parameter.

[0013] Optionally, the building blocks of the three-dimensional weld structure model are as follows: The first building unit is used to perform thermo-mechanical coupling analysis based on the loading range of the thermal shock load to obtain the maximum residual stress of the welded structure under the thermal shock load. The second building unit is used to determine the weld structure material from the multiple candidate materials based on the maximum residual stress, the loading factor, and the yield strength of the multiple candidate materials; The third construction unit is used to perform stiffness analysis by loading structural field impact loads on the welded structure material to obtain the deformation range of the welded structure under structural field impact loads. The fourth construction unit is used to determine the wall thickness of the welding material based on the deformation range, the loading factor, and the flatness requirements. The fifth construction unit is used to construct a three-dimensional structural model of the weld seam based on the welding structure material and the wall thickness of the welding material.

[0014] Optionally, the anti-deformation parameter determination module is specifically used to: perform vector synthesis of the inherent deformation and the impact load deformation to determine the anti-deformation vector sum of the welded structure; and determine the anti-deformation parameter for compensating the total deformation of the welded structure based on the product of the anti-deformation vector sum of the welded structure, the loading factor, and the thickness correction factor.

[0015] Optionally, the geometric parameters of the welded structure include the weld bevel angle; the geometric parameter determination module is specifically used to: determine the comprehensive deformation of the welded structure based on the inverse deformation parameter; and determine the weld bevel angle based on the sum of the basic bevel angle and a first value; the first value is the product of the deformation sensitivity coefficient and the comprehensive deformation.

[0016] Optionally, the geometric parameters of the welded structure include the weld groove depth; the geometric parameter determination module is specifically used to: determine the weld groove depth based on the product of the standard penetration depth and a second value; the second value is the sum of 1 and a third value, and the third value is the ratio of the product of the material correction coefficient and the comprehensive deformation to the wall thickness of the welded structure.

[0017] Optionally, the welded structure includes a weld zone and a heat-affected zone; the first building unit is specifically used to: obtain the first maximum residual stress of the weld zone under the thermal shock load and the second maximum residual stress of the heat-affected zone under the thermal shock load; and determine the larger value between the first maximum residual stress and the second maximum residual stress as the maximum residual stress of the welded structure under the thermal shock load.

[0018] Optionally, the second building unit is specifically used to: if among the plurality of candidate materials, there exists a candidate material whose yield strength to loading factor ratio is greater than the maximum residual stress, then determine the welded structure material as one of the candidate materials.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects: This application provides an anti-deformation design method and apparatus for welded structures. The method includes: constructing a three-dimensional structural model of the weld seam of the welded structure; performing thermo-mechanical coupling analysis and stiffness analysis on the three-dimensional structural model of the weld seam to determine the inherent deformation caused by the welding process and the impact load deformation caused by the service impact load; determining the anti-deformation parameters for compensating the total deformation of the welded structure based on the inherent deformation and the impact load deformation; and determining the geometric parameters of the welded structure based on the anti-deformation parameters. Thus, this method, through thermo-mechanical coupling analysis and stiffness analysis, accurately quantifies the deformation caused by dynamic loads generated under the coupled effects of multiple physical fields such as thermal shock, electromagnetic field impact, and structural field impact, and sets suitable anti-deformation parameters and geometric parameters for the welded structure of the superconducting magnet cryogenic thermostat. This suppresses deformation failure of the welded structure caused by the superposition of dynamic loads, extends the service life of the welded structure, and thereby improves the operational reliability of the superconducting magnet cryogenic thermostat and even the entire high-speed maglev train. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating an anti-deformation design method for a welded structure provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an anti-deformation design device for a welded structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0022] As described above, the welded structure of the superconducting magnet cryogenic thermostat needs to withstand dynamic loads generated by the coupling of multiple physical fields during service. The superposition of these dynamic loads makes the welded structure of the superconducting magnet cryogenic thermostat prone to deformation and failure, resulting in a significant shortening of its service life and seriously threatening the operational reliability of the superconducting magnet cryogenic thermostat and even the entire high-speed maglev train.

[0023] Through research, the inventors proposed an anti-deformation design method and device for welded structures. This method uses thermo-mechanical coupling analysis and stiffness analysis to accurately quantify the deformation caused by dynamic loads generated under the coupling of multiple physical fields such as thermal shock, electromagnetic field shock, and structural field shock. It also sets appropriate anti-deformation parameters and geometric parameters for the welded structure of the superconducting magnet cryogenic thermostat, thereby suppressing the deformation failure of the welded structure caused by the superposition of dynamic loads, extending the service life of the welded structure, and thus improving the operational reliability of the superconducting magnet cryogenic thermostat and even the entire high-speed maglev train.

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] See Figure 1 This figure is a flowchart of a method for designing an anti-deformation welded structure according to an embodiment of this application. The method includes: S101: Construct a three-dimensional structural model of the weld seam of the welded structure.

[0026] Welded structures refer to the plate-shell-shaped load-bearing components in superconducting magnet cryogenic thermostats that are formed by welding processes and bear the main dynamic service loads.

[0027] The three-dimensional structural model of the weld seam of the welded structure is constructed through the following steps A1-A5: A1: Based on the loading range of the thermal shock load, perform thermo-mechanical coupling analysis to obtain the maximum residual stress of the welded structure under thermal shock load.

[0028] Thermal shock load refers to the thermodynamic load caused by the large and rapid temperature changes experienced by the structure of a superconducting magnet during its working cycle due to the superconducting coil entering or exiting the superconducting state.

[0029] First, establish a weld joint model (including the weld zone / heat-affected zone / base material) for analysis. For example, the dimensional parameters of the weld joint model could be: plate thickness of 15 mm and weld width of 8 mm. Furthermore, accurate material thermophysical properties need to be assigned to the weld joint model, including but not limited to: thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, coefficient of thermal expansion, elastic modulus, and yield strength.

[0030] Subsequently, based on the thermal shock load loading range, thermal shock loads are applied to the weld joint model to simulate rapid heating and cooling processes, thereby performing thermo-mechanical coupling analysis on the weld joint model and obtaining the maximum residual stress of the welded structure under thermal shock loads. The thermal shock load loading range refers to the temperature span experienced by the superconducting magnet from its superconducting operating state to its shutdown / maintenance state. For example, the thermal shock load loading range can be -230℃ (degrees Celsius) to 50℃, and the heating / cooling rate can be set to 50℃ / s (degrees Celsius per second).

[0031] In one specific implementation, the weld joint model includes the weld zone (melting and solidification zone), the heat-affected zone (the region whose microstructure and properties change due to thermal cycling), and the base metal zone (the unaffected matrix material). It is understandable that the weld joint model needs to be divided into these three zones because the materials in these three regions have different mechanical and thermophysical properties after welding, and their responses to temperature changes differ significantly. They must be considered separately to obtain accurate analysis results. Therefore, firstly, the first maximum residual stress in the weld zone and the second maximum residual stress in the heat-affected zone under thermal shock loading are obtained. Then, the larger of the first and second maximum residual stresses is determined as the maximum residual stress σ of the welded structure under thermal shock loading. max For example, if the first maximum residual stress is 780 MPa and the second maximum residual stress is 650 MPa, then the maximum residual stress of the welded structure under thermal shock load can be determined as σ. max =780MPa.

[0032] A2: Determine the welded structure material from multiple candidate materials based on the maximum residual stress, loading factor, and yield strength of multiple candidate materials.

[0033] The loading factor is a safety factor set to account for load fluctuations, calculation errors, and unforeseen operating conditions; its value is greater than 1. For example, the loading factor k = 1.15.

[0034] In one specific implementation, if among multiple candidate materials (e.g., 304 stainless steel, TC4 titanium alloy, a certain type of high-temperature alloy, etc.), there exists a candidate material whose yield strength to loading factor ratio is greater than the maximum residual stress determined in step A1, then the welded structural material is determined to be that candidate material. The yield strength is the critical stress value at which the base material begins to undergo plastic deformation under stress, and it is one of the core indicators of material mechanical properties.

[0035] A3: Based on the welded structure material, perform stiffness analysis by applying structural field impact loads to obtain the deformation range of the welded structure under structural field impact loads.

[0036] Structural field impact loads refer to the combined mechanical loads experienced by a superconducting magnet cryostat during operation. Structural field impact loads include: Lorentz force F... L (Also known as the self-field Lorentz force, it is generated by the internal force experienced by the current-carrying conductor of the internal superconducting coil in the strong magnetic field it generates, such as F) L =5×1 N / m 3 X / Y / Z triaxial electromagnetic wave power (generated by the high-speed relative motion between the onboard magnet and the ground track coil, including X-axis electromagnetic wave power, Y-axis electromagnetic wave power and Z-axis electromagnetic wave power, for example, the peak value of the X-axis electromagnetic wave power is 1kN / m). 2 The peak value of the electromagnetic wave force in the Y / Z direction is 0.8 kN / m. 2 Atmospheric pressure F D (Because the cryostat maintains a high vacuum inside, its outer casing will continuously bear the static pressure load generated by the external atmospheric pressure, such as F) D =1×1 N / m 2 ).

[0037] Specifically, based on the welded structure material, the above five composite loads are applied, and necessary boundary constraints (such as bottom fixation) are applied according to the actual installation situation, thereby performing stiffness analysis to obtain the deformation range of the welded structure under structural field impact load.

[0038] A4: Determine the wall thickness of the welding material based on the deformation range, loading factor, and flatness requirements.

[0039] For example, when the loading factor is 1.15 and the flatness requirement is 0.2mm / 100mm, if the wall thickness t=20mm, the analysis shows that the flatness deformation is 0.12mm / 100mm, which satisfies the condition "0.12<(0.2 / 1.5)", so the wall thickness can be determined to be 20mm.

[0040] A5: Construct a three-dimensional structural model of the weld seam based on the welding structure material and the wall thickness of the welding material.

[0041] For example, the dimensional parameters of the three-dimensional structural model of the weld can be: horizontal arm L branch1 =300mm, vertical arm L branch2 =200mm, wall thickness=20mm, weld size size =12mm. Furthermore, the welding parameters of the welding structure model are determined based on the weldability of the welding structure material. For example, for TC4 titanium alloy, vacuum electron beam welding can be used, with a heat input of 1.3 kJ / mm (kilojoules per millimeter), an interpass temperature ≤80℃, and a welding speed of 150 mm / min (millimeters per minute).

[0042] S102: Perform thermo-mechanical coupling analysis and stiffness analysis on the three-dimensional structural model of the weld to determine the inherent deformation caused by the welding process and the impact load deformation caused by the service impact load.

[0043] Inherent deformation refers to the permanent deformation remaining in a welded structure after manufacturing due to the non-uniformity of the welding thermal process. It includes at least transverse shrinkage, longitudinal shrinkage, and angular deformation components. This deformation exists before the structure bears service loads. Specifically, a transient analysis of the three-dimensional weld structure model is performed using an energy distribution model that accurately describes the heat source (e.g., the double-ellipsoidal Goldak heat source model) to simulate the entire welding process. After the analysis, the residual deformation that occurs after the structure cools to room temperature is the inherent deformation. For example, the transverse shrinkage δ can be extracted. x =0.82mm, longitudinal shrinkage δ y =0.35mm, angular deformation θ j =1.5°.

[0044] Impact load deformation refers to the elastic deformation component of a welded structure during service caused by working loads such as thermal shock, electromagnetic force, and mechanical pressure. This deformation, combined with the inherent deformation, constitutes the total deformation of the structure under service conditions.

[0045] In one specific implementation, the deformation of the impact load caused by the service impact load is determined as follows: the deformation of the impact load caused by the service impact load is determined based on the temperature cyclic stress, Lorentz force, X-axis electromagnetic wave dynamics, Y-axis electromagnetic wave dynamics, and atmospheric pressure.

[0046] S103: Determine the reverse deformation parameters used to compensate for the total deformation of the welded structure based on the inherent deformation and the impact load deformation.

[0047] First, the inherent deformation and the impact load deformation are vector-synthesized to determine the inverse deformation vector sum of the welded structure. The physical meaning of the inverse deformation vector sum is: the total deformation trend and direction expected to occur in the welded structure relative to its ideal design position after manufacturing and service. For example, the inverse deformation vector sum of the welded structure is: vec 总 =vec 焊接 +vec 冲击 =[-1.43;-0.93;-0.36]. The negative sign usually indicates the direction is opposite to the predicted deformation direction.

[0048] Subsequently, the anti-deformation parameters used to compensate for the total deformation of the welded structure are determined based on the product of the anti-deformation vector sum of the welded structure, the loading factor, and the thickness correction factor. The thickness correction factor is included because the influence of the structural wall thickness on deformation resistance and stress distribution needs to be considered. The greater the wall thickness, the higher the structural stiffness, requiring adjustment of the compensation amount to ensure effectiveness. Specifically, the formula for determining the anti-deformation parameters is shown in formula (1) below: D x / y / z =vec x / y / z ×Thickness correction factor×Loading factor (1) Where D is the inverse deformation parameter. For example, when the sum of the inverse deformation vectors is [-1.43; -0.93; -0.36], the loading factor is 1.8, and the thickness correction factor is 1.4, D... x =-1.43×1.4×1.8=-3.60mm; D y =-0.93×1.4×1.8=-2.34mm; D z =-0.36×1.4×1.8=-0.91mm.

[0049] Understandably, the reverse deformation parameter refers to the amount of reverse displacement that needs to be applied to the structural blank or assembly fixture before welding and manufacturing. Its purpose is to enable the structure to offset the inherent deformation and impact load deformation predicted in step S102 after welding and when it is subjected to service loads, thereby accurately achieving the design geometric target.

[0050] S104: Determine the geometric parameters of the welded structure based on the reverse deformation parameters.

[0051] In one specific implementation, the geometric parameters of the welded structure include the weld bevel angle. The bevel angle refers to the angle between the beveled surfaces machined from the edges of the two base materials to be welded. The weld bevel angle is determined as follows: First, based on the inverse deformation parameter, determine the overall deformation λ of the welded structure = (D... x 2 +D y 2 +D z 2 ) 1 / 2 Subsequently, the weld bevel angle θ is determined by summing the base bevel angle (related to welding standards and wall thickness) with the first value. pk The first value is the product of the deformation sensitivity coefficient (related to the target material and used to quantify the material's sensitivity to deformation compensation) and the total deformation.

[0052] For example, when the total deformation is λ = (D x 2 +D y 2+D z 2 ) 1 / 2 =4.39mm, with a foundation bevel angle of 60° and a deformation sensitivity coefficient (TC4 titanium alloy) of 0.6, θ pk =60+0.6×4.39=62.6°≈63°.

[0053] In one specific implementation, the geometric parameters of the welded structure include the weld groove depth. The weld groove depth refers to the vertical distance from the base metal surface to the root of the groove. The method for determining the weld groove depth is as follows: First, based on the inverse deformation parameter, determine the overall deformation λ of the welded structure = (D... x 2 +D y 2 +D z 2 ) 1 / 2 Subsequently, the weld groove depth h is determined by multiplying the standard penetration depth (related to wall thickness) by the second value; where the second value is the sum of 1 and the third value, and the third value is the ratio of the product of the material correction coefficient (related to the target material) and the comprehensive deformation to the wall thickness of the welded structure.

[0054] For example, when the standard penetration depth is 16.0 mm, the material correction factor (TC4 titanium alloy) is 0.8, the wall thickness of the welded structure is 20 mm, and the total deformation is λ = (Dx 2 +Dy 2 +Dz 2 ) 1 / 2 When the diameter is 4.39 mm, h = 16.0 × [1 + 0.8 × 0.2195] = 18.8 mm.

[0055] Based on the above calculations, a complete manufacturing scheme for the welding structure of a cryogenic thermostat with pre-compensation can be generated. See Table 1, which is a parameter diagram of a superconducting magnet cryogenic thermostat with anti-deformation provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0056] Table 1

[0057] It should be noted that after constructing a superconducting magnet cryostat with anti-deformation capability, strength and deformation checks, and fatigue life checks can also be performed on the superconducting magnet cryostat. Strength and deformation checks refer to verifying whether the post-weld residual stress and deformation under service conditions meet safety requirements (e.g., post-weld residual stress ≤ 350 MPa, deformation under service conditions < 0.5 mm). Fatigue life checks refer to performing cumulative damage analysis based on the number of load cycles throughout the entire life cycle (e.g., 300 days per year, twice per day, for a total of 10 years, approximately 180,000 cycles), ensuring that the fatigue damage values ​​of the weld heat-affected zone and the base material are both less than 1. If any of the above checks fails to meet the requirements, the process returns to the wall thickness determination level, the wall thickness is increased, and all subsequent analyses and parameter calculations are repeated until all checks pass.

[0058] In summary, this application discloses an anti-deformation design method for welded structures. This method uses thermo-mechanical coupling analysis and stiffness analysis to accurately quantify the deformation caused by dynamic loads generated under the coupling of multiple physical fields such as thermal shock, electromagnetic field shock, and structural field shock. It also sets appropriate anti-deformation parameters and geometric parameters for the welded structure of the superconducting magnet cryogenic thermostat, thereby suppressing the deformation failure of the welded structure caused by the superposition of dynamic loads, extending the service life of the welded structure, and thus improving the operational reliability of the superconducting magnet cryogenic thermostat and even the entire high-speed maglev train.

[0059] See Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of an anti-deformation design device for a welded structure provided in an embodiment of this application. The anti-deformation design device 200 for the welded structure includes: a model construction module 201, a deformation amount determination module 202, an anti-deformation amount parameter determination module 203, and a geometric parameter determination module 204.

[0060] Model building module 201 is used to build a three-dimensional structural model of the weld seam of the welded structure. The deformation determination module 202 is used to perform thermo-mechanical coupling analysis and stiffness analysis on the three-dimensional structural model of the weld to determine the inherent deformation caused by the welding process and the impact load deformation caused by the service impact load. The reverse deformation parameter determination module 203 is used to determine the reverse deformation parameter for compensating the total deformation of the welded structure based on the inherent deformation and the impact load deformation. The geometric parameter determination module 204 is used to determine the geometric parameters of the welded structure based on the inverse deformation parameter.

[0061] In one specific implementation, the building blocks of the three-dimensional weld structure model are as follows: The first building unit is used to perform thermo-mechanical coupling analysis based on the loading range of the thermal shock load to obtain the maximum residual stress of the welded structure under the thermal shock load. The second building unit is used to determine the weld structure material from the multiple candidate materials based on the maximum residual stress, the loading factor, and the yield strength of the multiple candidate materials; The third construction unit is used to perform stiffness analysis by loading structural field impact loads on the welded structure material to obtain the deformation range of the welded structure under structural field impact loads. The fourth construction unit is used to determine the wall thickness of the welding material based on the deformation range, the loading factor, and the flatness requirements. The fifth construction unit is used to construct a three-dimensional structural model of the weld seam based on the welding structure material and the wall thickness of the welding material.

[0062] In one specific implementation, the anti-deformation parameter determination module 203 is specifically used to: perform vector synthesis of the inherent deformation and the impact load deformation to determine the anti-deformation vector sum of the welded structure; and determine the anti-deformation parameter used to compensate for the total deformation of the welded structure based on the product of the anti-deformation vector sum of the welded structure, the loading factor, and the thickness correction factor.

[0063] In one specific implementation, the geometric parameters of the welded structure include the weld bevel angle; the geometric parameter determination module 205 is specifically used to: determine the comprehensive deformation of the welded structure based on the inverse deformation parameter; and determine the weld bevel angle based on the sum of the basic bevel angle and a first value; the first value is the product of the deformation sensitivity coefficient and the comprehensive deformation.

[0064] In one specific implementation, the geometric parameters of the welded structure include the weld groove depth; the geometric parameter determination module 205 is specifically used to: determine the weld groove depth based on the product of the standard penetration depth and a second value; the second value is the sum of 1 and a third value, and the third value is the ratio of the product of the material correction coefficient and the comprehensive deformation to the wall thickness of the welded structure.

[0065] In one specific implementation, the welded structure includes a weld zone and a heat-affected zone; the first construction unit is specifically used to: obtain the first maximum residual stress of the weld zone under the thermal shock load and the second maximum residual stress of the heat-affected zone under the thermal shock load; and determine the larger value of the first maximum residual stress and the second maximum residual stress as the maximum residual stress of the welded structure under the thermal shock load.

[0066] In one specific implementation, the second construction unit is specifically used to: if among the plurality of candidate materials, there exists a candidate material whose yield strength to loading factor ratio is greater than the maximum residual stress, then determine the welded structure material as the candidate material.

[0067] In summary, this application discloses an anti-deformation design device for welded structures. This device accurately quantifies the deformation caused by dynamic loads generated under the coupling of multiple physical fields such as thermal shock, electromagnetic field shock, and structural field shock through thermo-mechanical coupling analysis and stiffness analysis. It also sets appropriate anti-deformation parameters and geometric parameters for the welded structure of the superconducting magnet cryogenic thermostat, thereby suppressing the deformation failure of the welded structure caused by the superposition of dynamic loads, extending the service life of the welded structure, and thus improving the operational reliability of the superconducting magnet cryogenic thermostat and even the entire high-speed maglev train.

[0068] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the device and system embodiments, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the description of the method embodiments. The device and system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components indicated as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without creative effort.

[0069] The above description is merely one specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of designing a counter-deformation of a welded structure, characterized in that, The method includes: Construct a three-dimensional structural model of the weld seam of the welded structure; The three-dimensional structural model of the weld was subjected to thermo-mechanical coupling analysis and stiffness analysis to determine the inherent deformation caused by the welding process and the impact load deformation caused by the service impact load. Based on the inherent deformation and the impact load deformation, determine the reverse deformation parameter used to compensate for the total deformation of the welded structure; The geometric parameters of the welded structure are determined based on the inverse deformation parameters.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The construction method of the three-dimensional structural model of the weld is as follows: Based on the loading range of the thermal shock load, a thermo-mechanical coupling analysis is performed to obtain the maximum residual stress of the welded structure under the thermal shock load. Based on the maximum residual stress, loading factor, and yield strength of multiple candidate materials, the welded structure material is determined from the multiple candidate materials; Based on the welded structure material, a stiffness analysis is performed by applying a structural field impact load to obtain the deformation range of the welded structure under the structural field impact load. The wall thickness of the welding material is determined based on the deformation range, the loading factor, and the flatness requirements. Based on the welding structure material and the wall thickness of the welding material, a three-dimensional structural model of the weld is constructed.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The step of determining the inverse deformation parameter for compensating the total deformation of the welded structure based on the inherent deformation and the impact load deformation includes: The inherent deformation and the impact load deformation are vector-synthesized to determine the vector sum of the inverse deformation of the welded structure. The anti-deformation parameter used to compensate for the total deformation of the welded structure is determined based on the sum of the anti-deformation vector of the welded structure, the product of the loading factor and the thickness correction factor.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The geometric parameters of the welded structure include the weld bevel angle; Determining the geometric parameters of the welded structure based on the inverse deformation parameter includes: The overall deformation of the welded structure is determined based on the aforementioned inverse deformation parameters. The weld bevel angle is determined based on the sum of the basic bevel angle and the first value; the first value is the product of the deformation sensitivity coefficient and the comprehensive deformation.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The geometric parameters of the welded structure include the weld groove depth; Determining the geometric parameters of the welded structure based on the inverse deformation parameter includes: The weld groove depth is determined by multiplying the standard penetration depth by the second value. The second value is the sum of 1 and the third value, where the third value is the ratio of the product of the material correction factor and the comprehensive deformation to the wall thickness of the welded structure.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein, The welded structure includes a weld zone and a heat-affected zone; Obtaining the maximum residual stress of the welded structure under the thermal shock load includes: The first maximum residual stress in the weld zone and the second maximum residual stress in the heat-affected zone under the same thermal shock load are obtained. The larger of the first maximum residual stress and the second maximum residual stress is determined as the maximum residual stress of the welded structure under the thermal shock load.

7. The method of claim 2, wherein, The step of determining the weldable structural material from the multiple candidate materials based on the maximum residual stress, loading factor, and yield strength of the multiple candidate materials includes: If, among the plurality of candidate materials, there exists a candidate material whose yield strength to loading factor ratio is greater than the maximum residual stress, then the welded structure material is determined to be one of the candidate materials.

8. A design device for anti-deformation of a welded structure, characterized in that, The device includes: a model construction module, a deformation determination module, an inverse deformation parameter determination module, and a geometric parameter determination module; The model building module is used to build a three-dimensional structural model of the weld seam of the welded structure; The deformation determination module is used to perform thermo-mechanical coupling analysis and stiffness analysis on the three-dimensional structural model of the weld to determine the inherent deformation caused by the welding process and the impact load deformation caused by the service impact load. The reverse deformation parameter determination module is used to determine the reverse deformation parameter for compensating the total deformation of the welded structure based on the inherent deformation and the impact load deformation. The geometric parameter determination module is used to determine the geometric parameters of the welded structure based on the inverse deformation parameter.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The building blocks of the three-dimensional structural model of the weld are shown below: The first building unit is used to perform thermo-mechanical coupling analysis based on the loading range of the thermal shock load to obtain the maximum residual stress of the welded structure under the thermal shock load. The second building unit is used to determine the weld structure material from the multiple candidate materials based on the maximum residual stress, the loading factor, and the yield strength of the multiple candidate materials; The third construction unit is used to perform stiffness analysis by loading structural field impact loads on the welded structure material to obtain the deformation range of the welded structure under structural field impact loads. The fourth construction unit is used to determine the wall thickness of the welding material based on the deformation range, the loading factor, and the flatness requirements. The fifth construction unit is used to construct a three-dimensional structural model of the weld seam based on the welding structure material and the wall thickness of the welding material.

10. The apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The reverse deformation parameter determination module is specifically used to: perform vector synthesis of the inherent deformation and the impact load deformation to determine the reverse deformation vector sum of the welded structure; and determine the reverse deformation parameter used to compensate for the total deformation of the welded structure based on the product of the reverse deformation vector sum of the welded structure, the loading factor, and the thickness correction factor.

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