Potato planter

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of agricultural planting technology, especially potato side sowing machine, which aims to solve the problem of lack of fixation, covering, pressing and film covering process of existing potato in the ditch side wall, which needs manual operation. It includes a frame and a bearing plate arranged on the frame. A front mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the bearing plate near the traction connecting ear. The front mechanism includes two conical wheels and a ditching disc, which is used to form a V-shaped ditch on the ridge in the field. The inside of the bearing plate is provided with a seeding mechanism, which includes a spiral pipe connected to the top of the storage tank. The seeding mechanism is also provided with a power assisting mechanism, which uses magnetic force to drive the gas into the spiral pipe through the gas tank and the piston plate, so that the seed potato can be embedded in the side wall of the V-shaped ditch. The bottom of the bearing plate is provided with a burying mechanism behind the seeding mechanism. The side sowing machine is mainly used for planting potato seed potatoes on the side wall of the ditch, and completing the subsequent burying and film covering operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural planting technology, and in particular to a potato side-planting machine. Background Technology

[0002] As an important food crop, the yield and quality of potatoes are directly affected by the various stages of their cultivation, including ridging, furrowing, sowing, covering with soil, and mulching. Traditional planting methods rely heavily on manual labor or single-function machinery to complete these steps, resulting in high labor intensity, low efficiency, and inconsistent sowing quality.

[0003] Most existing potato planting machinery uses a method of directly placing seed potatoes into the furrow bottom. This method has some inherent drawbacks: Seed potatoes lack fixation on the sidewalls of ditches and are prone to rolling due to soil slippage or mechanical vibration, resulting in uneven plant spacing, affecting the uniformity of plants in the field, which is not conducive to subsequent management and mechanized harvesting. In addition, the processes of covering soil, compacting, and mulching after planting often require additional machinery or manual intervention, and the work process is not continuous, increasing planting costs and working time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing seed potato planting machines, which require manual operation for processes such as fixing, covering, compacting, and mulching on the sidewalls of the trench.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A potato side-planter includes a frame, the bottom of which is fixed with multiple bearing plates by bolts, and the bottom of each of the multiple bearing plates is provided with multiple support wheels via support legs; The bottom of the support plate is equipped with a front-mounted mechanism for ridging and digging V-shaped ditches in the field before sowing, so that potatoes can be placed into the ditches later. The front-mounted mechanism includes two conical wheels and a ditching disc. The support plate is equipped with a sowing mechanism for sowing potatoes onto the side wall of the V-shaped ditch, preventing the potatoes from rolling to the bottom of the V-shaped ditch. The sowing mechanism includes a spiral tube fixed through the support plate and an assisting mechanism, with the discharge end of the spiral tube facing the side wall of the V-shaped ditch. The assisting mechanism is used to inject gas into the spiral tube to provide driving force for the potatoes to roll in the spiral tube. The bottom of the support plate is also provided with a burying mechanism for burying potatoes after planting is completed. The burying mechanism includes a V-shaped plate set below the support plate, and the V-shaped plate is located on the side of the planting mechanism away from the front mechanism. It also includes a mulching mechanism for covering the ridges with plastic film after the burial operation is completed, thereby increasing soil temperature and maintaining soil moisture. The mulching mechanism includes a plastic film roll and two pressing discs.

[0006] In one possible design, the front mechanism further includes two support arms I fixed to the bottom of the support plate, with the same rotating shaft I rotatably passing between the two support arms I. Two conical wheels are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft I, with the smaller diameter ends of the two conical wheels close to each other. Through the cooperation of the two conical wheels and the rotating shaft I, two support arms II are fixed to the bottom of the support plate, with the same rotating shaft II rotatably passing between the two support arms II. The grooving disc is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft II, and the grooving disc consists of multiple V-shaped rods arranged in a ring around the rotating shaft II. The rotating shaft I and the rotating shaft II are connected by a synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt.

[0007] In one possible design, the seeding mechanism further includes a storage box fixed to the top of the support plate. The storage box has a clearance opening on the side near the spiral tube. The top of the support plate is rotatably connected to a drive shaft via a base. A motor for driving the drive shaft is fixed to the top of the support plate. The drive shaft is connected to the rotating shaft II via a synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt. A feeding disc is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the drive shaft. Multiple feeding arc platforms are fixed on the outer wall of the feeding disc, and the feeding arc platforms extend into the clearance opening. The outer wall of the feeding disc has multiple grooves, and the grooves cooperate with the feeding arc platforms. A collection box is fixed to the top of the support plate via an L-shaped support plate. The bottom inner wall of the groove has a slope. The top of the spiral tube extends into the collection box.

[0008] In one possible design, the assist mechanism includes an air box fixed to the bottom of a support plate. A piston plate is slidably connected within the air box. A sliding rod is fixed to the side of the piston plate near the material feeding disc. The end of the sliding rod near the material feeding disc slides through one inner wall of the air box and is fixed to a fixed plate. A tension spring is fixed between the side of the piston plate near the material feeding disc and one inner wall of the air box via a spring seat, and the tension spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding rod. An exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the side of the air box away from the material feeding disc. The bottom end of the exhaust pipe extends fixedly into a spiral tube and is tangent to the spiral tube. A magnet I is fixedly embedded in the fixed plate near the material feeding disc. Multiple magnets II are fixedly embedded in the material feeding disc in a ring shape on the side of the material feeding disc near the air box. The magnets II and magnets I generate a repulsive force, and the angle between the magnets II and the groove is in the range of 5°-10°. An air inlet pipe is fixed to the bottom of the air box. Both the air inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe are equipped with one-way valves.

[0009] In one possible design, the burial mechanism further includes multiple vertical cylinders fixed to the bottom of the support plate, each of the multiple vertical cylinders having a sliding rod slidably connected inside, the top of each of the multiple sliding rods having a spring fixed to it via a spring seat, the top of each of the multiple springs being fixedly connected to the top inner wall of the vertical cylinder via a spring seat, and the bottom of each of the multiple sliding rods having the same V-shaped plate fixed to it.

[0010] In one possible design, the film covering mechanism further includes two support arms III fixed to the bottom of the support plate. A circular shaft rotatably passes through each of the two support arms III. The film roll is fixedly installed between the two circular shafts by bolts, and the film roll rotates via the circular shafts. One of the circular shafts is connected to the drive shaft via a synchronous pulley and synchronous belt. Two support arms IV are fixed to the bottom of the support plate. A rotating shaft III rotatably passes through each of the two support arms IV. The ends of the two pressing discs that are far apart from each other are fixedly connected to one end of the corresponding rotating shaft III. Protective covers are fixed to the far apart sides of the two support arms IV. A driven shaft rotatably passes through each of the two protective covers. The driven shaft is connected to the adjacent circular shaft via a synchronous pulley and synchronous belt, and the driven shaft is connected to the adjacent rotating shaft III via a universal joint.

[0011] In one possible design, a conical disc is fixed to the side of the pressing disc away from the rotating shaft III.

[0012] In one possible design, a limiting inclined plate is fixed to the top inner wall of the V-shaped plate, and one end of the limiting inclined plate near the feeding disc extends from the side of the V-shaped plate near the feeding disc. The bottom end of the spiral tube is fixedly inserted through the limiting inclined plate, and multiple balls are rolled and embedded on the side of the fixed disc near the feeding disc.

[0013] In one possible design, a barrier is fixed to the side of the feeding arc platform away from the collection box.

[0014] In one possible design, a Z-shaped plate is fixed to the side of the protective cover away from the V-shaped plate, and a vertical plate is fixed to the bottom of the protective cover. A rotating shaft IV is rotatably connected between the Z-shaped plate and the vertical plate. A rotating cylinder is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft IV, and multiple soil-lifting plates are fixed to the outer wall of the rotating cylinder. A worm gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft IV. A worm rotatably passes through the protective cover. A bevel gear is fixed to the top of the worm and the outer wall of the driven shaft, and the two bevel gears mesh with each other to drive the worm to rotate through the driven shaft. A protective box is fixed to one side of the vertical plate. One end of the rotating shaft IV rotatably passes through the protective box, and the worm gear is located inside the protective box. The bottom end of the worm rotatably extends into the protective box, and the worm meshes with the worm gear.

[0015] Beneficial effects: In this invention, by setting up a sowing mechanism, seed potatoes are quantitatively taken out from the storage box using the feeding arc and groove on the feeding plate, and guided to the spiral tube through the collection box. The seed potatoes move along the spiral slide in the spiral tube, and their movement trajectory is changed. At the outlet, they are obliquely thrown out with a certain centrifugal force and tangential speed, accurately embedding into the side wall of the V-shaped ditch, rather than falling directly into the bottom of the ditch. This side-sowing method makes the seed potatoes located on the side of the ridge, with a moderate thickness of soil covering them, which is conducive to seedling emergence and tuber enlargement. In this invention, by setting up an assist mechanism, the repulsive force between magnet I and magnet II when the feeding disc rotates is used to periodically push the piston plate, which pushes the gas in the gas box into the spiral tube through the exhaust pipe. The exhaust pipe is tangential to the spiral tube, and the ejected gas flows along the inside of the spiral tube, providing an additional driving force for the falling seed potato. This ensures that the seed potato has enough kinetic energy to stably embed itself into the soil sidewall from the spiral tube outlet, solving the problem that the seed potato cannot effectively embed itself into the soil due to insufficient speed caused by friction or insufficient gravity inside the spiral tube, thus ensuring the reliability of planting. In this invention, by setting up a mulching mechanism, the mulch film is covered immediately after the soil is covered. The mulch film roll is actively unwound by a drive shaft, which avoids the mulch film from tearing due to pulling. Two pressing discs arranged in an "eight" shape can press the two sides of the mulch film into the soil to complete the initial fixation of the mulch film. This mechanism is carried out simultaneously with the sowing and burying processes, realizing the integrated operation of the planting process and improving work efficiency. In this invention, by setting a conical disc on the pressing disc, while pressing the mulch film, the conical disc can squeeze and shape both sides of the ridge, making the ridge more compact and regular, preventing collapse, and providing a more stable soil environment for potato growth. In this invention, by setting up a soil-lifting plate driven by a driven shaft, after the pressing plate presses the mulch film, the soil-lifting plate rotates accordingly, pushing the adjacent soil to the edge of the mulch film that has been pressed, thus performing secondary compaction on the mulch film, making the mulch film coverage more secure and the windproof effect better. This design integrates the pressing and covering functions of the mulch film into one, with a compact structure and complete functions. In this invention, the frame moves forward under traction, and the front mechanism first completes ridging and digging of V-shaped trenches; the sowing mechanism quantitatively picks seeds and, through the cooperation of the spiral tube and the assist mechanism, shoots the seed potatoes obliquely into the side wall of the V-shaped trench at a certain speed; the limiting inclined plate temporarily supports the seed potatoes; the burying mechanism then uses the V-shaped plate to push soil to cover them; finally, the film covering mechanism lays the film, presses the film, and compacts the soil. The whole process is completed in one go, which not only accurately sows the seed potatoes on the side of the ridge, improving their growth environment, but also integrates the subsequent soil covering and film covering processes, significantly improving the efficiency and standardization of planting operations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the potato side-planting machine provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the support plate of the potato side-planting machine provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the support plate and storage box of the potato side-planting machine provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the conical wheel, furrowing disc, and drive shaft of the potato side-planter provided by the present invention. Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the storage box, feeding plate, and collection box of the potato side-planting machine provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the feeding disc, feeding arc platform, and groove of the potato side-planting machine provided by the present invention. Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the collection box, spiral tube, and limiting inclined plate of the potato side-planting machine provided by the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional exploded cross-sectional view of the air box, piston plate, and fixed plate of the potato side-planter provided by the present invention. Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the slide bar, vertical cylinder, and limiting inclined plate of the potato side-planter provided by the present invention; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mulch film roll and pressing disc of the potato side-planting machine provided by the present invention; Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the support arm III and the mulch roll of the potato side-planter provided by the present invention. Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the driven shaft, rotating shaft III, and universal joint of the potato side-planter provided by the present invention; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating cylinder and protective box of the potato side-planter provided by the present invention; Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the rotating shaft IV, worm gear, and worm wheel of the potato side-planter provided by the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Bearing plate; 3. Support wheel; 4. Support arm I; 5. Rotating shaft I; 6. Conical wheel; 7. Support arm II; 8. Rotating shaft II; 9. Grooving disc; 10. Drive shaft; 11. Feeding disc; 12. Storage box; 13. Clearing opening; 14. Feeding arc platform; 15. Barrier; 16. Groove; 17. L-shaped support plate; 18. Collection box; 19. Spiral tube; 20. Limiting inclined plate; 21. Air box; 22. Piston plate; 23. Sliding rod; 24. Tension spring; 25. Fixed disc; 26. 1. Magnet I; 27. Magnet II; 28. Ball bearing; 29. ​​Inlet pipe; 30. Exhaust pipe; 31. Vertical cylinder; 32. Slide rod; 33. Spring; 34. V-shaped plate; 35. Support arm III; 36. Mulch film roll; 37. Support arm IV; 38. Protective cover; 39. Driven shaft; 40. Rotating shaft III; 41. Universal joint; 42. Pressing plate; 43. Conical plate; 44. Vertical plate; 45. Z-shaped plate; 46. Rotating shaft IV; 47. Rotating cylinder; 48. Soil lifting plate; 49. Worm gear; 50. Worm; 51. Protective box. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0019] In one embodiment: Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This potato side-planter relates to the field of agricultural planting technology and mainly includes a frame 1, which is the mounting base of the entire equipment. A connecting lug is welded to one side of the frame 1. This connecting lug is a component used to connect with the tractor traction device, which enables traction of the frame 1 and allows the entire equipment to move in the field. Multiple bearing plates 2 are fixed to the bottom of the frame 1 by bolts. These bearing plates 2 provide mounting platforms for other working mechanisms. Multiple support wheels 3 are rotatably mounted on the bottom of each bearing plate 2 via support legs. The support wheels 3 adopt an anti-slip wheel design, and their surface has prominent anti-slip teeth or patterns, which can increase the adhesion with the ground and ensure that the bearing plate 2 and the mechanism on it can move smoothly in the soft farmland soil under the action of traction, preventing slippage.

[0020] Reference Figures 2-4At the bottom of the bearing plate 2, near the connecting ear, i.e., at the front of the machine, a front-mounted mechanism is installed. The function of this mechanism is to prepare the land before planting, forming ridges and furrows suitable for potato side-planting. The front-mounted mechanism includes two conical wheels 6 and a furrowing disc 9. The two conical wheels 6 are rotatably mounted between two support arms 14 via a pivot I5. The support arms 14 are fixed to the bottom of the bearing plate 2. The two conical wheels 6 are installed with their smaller diameter ends close to each other, giving the entire assembly a shape that is narrow in the middle and wide at both sides. When the bearing plate 2 is pulled forward, the two conical wheels 6 in contact with the soil rotate, and their conical surfaces squeeze and pile the soil to both sides, thus forming a raised ridge behind the machine. The furrowing disc 9 is rotatably mounted between two support arms 27 via a rotating shaft 28. The support arms 27 are also fixed to the bottom of the bearing plate 2 and located behind the conical wheel 6. The furrowing disc 9 has a special structure. It is not a solid disc, but is composed of multiple V-shaped rods arranged in a ring around the rotating shaft 28, similar to a hollow cage structure. When the rotating shaft 28 drives the furrowing disc 9 to rotate, these V-shaped rods will cut into the top of the ridge formed by the conical wheel 6 and, with the rotation, push away the soil, thus forming a continuous V-shaped ditch in the center of the top of the ridge. The rotating shaft 15 and the rotating shaft 28 are connected by a synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt. When the machine moves forward and drives the conical wheel 6 and the furrowing disc 9 to rotate, the rotation of the two is synchronous, ensuring the coordination of the ridge-raising and furrow-opening actions.

[0021] Reference Figures 2-5Inside and above the support plate 2, a planting mechanism is installed. Its core function is to accurately place potato seed tubers onto the sidewalls of the V-shaped trenches formed in the aforementioned steps. The planting mechanism includes a storage box 12 fixedly installed on the top of the support plate 2 for storing the potato seed tubers to be planted. A clearance opening 13 is provided on one side of the storage box 12. A drive shaft 10 is rotatably connected to the top of the support plate 2 via a base. The drive shaft 10 is driven to rotate by a motor. A dustproof cover (not shown in the figure) is provided outside the drive shaft 10, the feeding disc 11, and the transmission synchronous belt. The cover is sealed to the storage box 12 and the support plate 2, leaving only the clearance opening 13 to communicate with the inside of the storage box 12 to prevent external dust from entering the transmission area. The drive shaft 10 is driven by the synchronous pulley and the synchronous belt to the rotating shaft II 8. The drive shaft 10 is connected so that its rotation is linked to the operation of the front mechanism. A feeding disc 11 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the drive shaft 10. A part of the feeding disc 11 extends downward through the bearing plate 2. Multiple feeding arc platforms 14 are fixed on the outer wall of the feeding disc 11. The positions of these feeding arc platforms 14 correspond to the clearance openings 13 on the storage box 12 and extend into the clearance openings 13. When the feeding disc 11 rotates clockwise under the drive of the motor, the feeding arc platforms 14 will enter the storage box 12 from the clearance openings 13 and scoop up the potatoes in the storage box 12 like a spoon. In order to prevent the potatoes from slipping from the side as they rise with the feeding arc platforms 14, a baffle 15 is fixed on the side of each feeding arc platform 14 away from the collection box 18. The baffle 15 serves to limit and protect the potatoes.

[0022] Reference Figure 3 and Figures 5-7On the outer wall of the feeding disc 11, there are also multiple grooves 16. The position and number of these grooves 16 are matched with the feeding arc platform 14. Specifically, when the feeding arc platform 14 rotates to its highest point with the feeding disc 11, the potatoes will roll off the feeding arc platform 14 under the action of gravity and fall into the corresponding groove 16. The bottom inner wall of the groove 16 is designed with a slope, which allows the potatoes falling into the groove 16 to continue rolling along the slope. An L-shaped support plate 17 is fixed to the top of the bearing plate 2, and a collection box 18 is fixed to the top of the L-shaped support plate 17. The entrance position of the collection box 18 is matched with the movement trajectory of the groove 16 on the feeding disc 11. When the groove 16 carrying potatoes rotates to the position corresponding to the entrance of the collection box 18, the potatoes will roll down the slope at the bottom of the groove 16. Inside the collection box 18, a spiral tube 19 is connected to the bottom of the collection box 18. The top of the spiral tube 19 extends into the collection box 18 to receive potatoes, and its bottom end is fixed through the support plate 2. The discharge end faces the side wall of the V-shaped ditch. The spiral tube 19 is equipped with a spiral slide. When the potato enters the spiral tube 19, it will roll down along the spiral slide. In this process, the trajectory of the potato is forcibly changed. Its original vertical downward gravitational potential energy is converted into kinetic energy along the spiral line, so that the potato can obtain tangential velocity and move outward under the combined action of centrifugal force. When the potato is thrown out from the outlet of the spiral tube 19, it no longer falls vertically, but rushes obliquely towards the side wall of the V-shaped ditch at a certain angle and speed, so that it can be embedded in the soft soil side wall and achieve side planting.

[0023] Reference Figure 3 and Figures 5-8To ensure that the potatoes have sufficient kinetic energy to stably embed themselves into the soil sidewall when they exit the spiral tube 19, the planting mechanism also includes an assist mechanism. This assist mechanism includes an air box 21 fixed to the bottom of the support plate 2. The air box 21 contains a sealed chamber with a piston plate 22 slidably connected inside. The piston plate 22 divides the air box 21 into two chambers. A sliding rod 23 is fixedly connected to the side of the piston plate 22 near the feeding disc 11. The other end of the sliding rod 23 slidably extends out of the sidewall of the air box 21 and is fixed to a fixing plate 25. A tension spring 24 is fixedly connected between the piston plate 22 and the inner wall of the air box 21 near the feeding disc 11 via a spring seat. This tension spring 24 is sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod 23. The function of the tension spring 24 is to provide a pulling force for the piston plate 22 to return to its original position towards the feeding disc 11. To ensure the rapid and reliable return action of the piston plate 22, the tension spring 24 is made of high fatigue strength special spring steel, and its preload is... The elastic coefficient is calculated to ensure its stability and service life under high-frequency working conditions. In addition, a self-lubricating bushing can be set at the sliding fit between the sliding rod 23 and the air box 21 to reduce frictional resistance. An exhaust pipe 30 is fixedly connected to the side of the air box 21 away from the feeding disc 11, that is, the other side of the piston plate 22. The bottom end of the exhaust pipe 30 extends downward and is fixedly connected to the inside of the spiral tube 19. The connection between the exhaust pipe 30 and the spiral tube 19 is tangential, so that the gas ejected from the exhaust pipe 30 will flow along the spiral trajectory inside the spiral tube 19, which is consistent with the direction of potato movement, thereby providing a forward thrust for the falling potato. An air inlet pipe 29 is also fixedly connected to the bottom of the air box 21 to draw in air from the outside when the piston plate 22 is reset. One-way valves are set inside the air inlet pipe 29 and the exhaust pipe 30. The one-way valve in the air inlet pipe 29 only allows external air to enter the air box 21, and the one-way valve in the exhaust pipe 30 only allows the gas in the air box 21 to be discharged to the spiral tube 19.

[0024] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8The driving source of the assist mechanism comes from the rotation of the feeding disc 11. A magnet I 26 is fixedly embedded on the side of the fixed disc 25 near the feeding disc 11. Multiple magnets II 27 are fixedly embedded in a ring along the circumference on the side of the feeding disc 11 near the air box 21. The polarities of magnets I 26 and II 27 are set so that their opposing surfaces generate a repulsive force. There is a specific angular relationship between the installation position of magnet II 27 on the feeding disc 11 and the groove 16. This angle ranges from 5° to 10°, and in this embodiment, it is set to 6°. The purpose of this angle design is that when a potato carried by the groove 16 is about to enter the inlet of the spiral tube 19, or is descending inside the spiral tube 19 and about to reach the outlet, a magnet II 27 rotates to a position directly opposite magnet I 26 on the fixed disc 25. At this time, the strong repulsive force generated between the two will push the fixed disc 25, which in turn pushes the piston plate 22 away from the feeding disc 11 via the sliding rod 23. The chamber near the exhaust pipe 30 in the compressed air box 21 stretches the tension spring 24 during this process. As the piston plate 22 moves, the gas in this chamber in the air box 21 is compressed and injected into the spiral tube 19 at high speed through the exhaust pipe 30, providing a strong airflow thrust to the falling potato and accelerating it. When the feeding disc 11 continues to rotate, after magnet II 27 moves away from the position directly opposite magnet I 26, the repulsive force disappears, and the stretched tension spring 24 contracts, pulling the piston plate 22, sliding rod 23 and fixed plate 25 to quickly reset. During the reset process of piston plate 22, the volume of the chamber near piston plate 22 in the air box 21 increases, forming a negative pressure. External air is then drawn in through the intake pipe 29 to prepare for the next exhaust. Through this periodic pulse jet assistance, it can be ensured that each potato ejected from the spiral tube 19 outlet has sufficient speed and force to be firmly embedded in the side wall of the V-shaped ditch and will not roll to the bottom of the ditch due to insufficient speed.

[0025] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 8 In addition, in order to reduce the friction between the fixed disk 25 and the rotating feed disk 11, a number of rolling balls 28 are also rolled and embedded on the side of the fixed disk 25 near the feed disk 11, which transforms sliding friction into rolling friction and improves the sensitivity and service life of the mechanism.

[0026] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 9At the bottom of the support plate 2, behind the sowing mechanism, a burying mechanism is installed to cover the sown V-shaped furrows with soil. The burying mechanism includes a V-shaped plate 34 with a V-shaped cross-section and its opening direction aligned with the direction of the ridge. This plate is used to push the soil from both sides back into the V-shaped furrow. The V-shaped plate 34 is connected to the bottom of the support plate 2 via multiple connecting components. These connecting components include vertical cylinders 31 fixed to the bottom of the support plate 2. Each vertical cylinder 31 has a sliding rod 32 slidably connected inside it. The bottom end of the sliding rod 32 is fixedly connected to the V-shaped plate 34. Between the top end of the sliding rod 32 and the top inner wall of the vertical cylinder 31, a spring 33 is fixedly connected via a spring seat. When the spring 33 is in a compressed state, its elastic force pushes the sliding rod 32 downward, thus ensuring that the V-shaped plate 34 always has a downward tendency and can adhere tightly to the ground. Specifically, when the machine moves forward, the V-shaped plate 34 inserts into the outer wall of the planted ridge, pushing the soil turned up on both sides of the ditch back into the ditch, covering the potatoes embedded in the side wall. Due to the action of the spring 33, the V-shaped plate 34 can automatically adjust its height according to the undulation of the terrain, always maintaining close contact with the ridge, ensuring the uniformity and consistency of the soil covering.

[0027] Reference Figure 9 On the inner top wall of the V-shaped plate 34, a limiting inclined plate 20 is fixed. One end of the limiting inclined plate 20 extends from one side of the V-shaped plate 34, and the bottom end of the spiral tube 19 is fixedly inserted through this limiting inclined plate 20. The function of the limiting inclined plate 20 is to provide temporary support and lift for the potato during the short period of time between when the potato is ejected from the spiral tube 19 and embedded in the side wall of the V-shaped trench and before the V-shaped plate 34 moves over to cover it with soil. This can prevent the potato from rolling off the soft side wall due to gravity or vibration before the soil is covered, ensuring the accuracy of the planting position. When the V-shaped plate 34 moves forward and begins to cover the soil, the limiting inclined plate 20 will gradually detach from the potato, and the potato will be buried by the subsequent soil.

[0028] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 9At the bottom of the bearing plate 2, behind the burying mechanism, a film covering mechanism is set up for covering the ridges after sowing and soil covering. The film covering mechanism includes two support arms Ⅲ35 fixed to the bottom of the bearing plate 2. Two round shafts rotate through the two support arms Ⅲ35. A film roll 36 is fixed between the two round shafts by bolts. One of the round shafts is connected to the drive shaft 10 through a synchronous pulley and synchronous belt. Thus, the rotation of the film roll 36 is controlled by the drive shaft 10. When the machine starts the film covering operation, the machine first pulls out a section of film from the film roll 36 manually and presses its starting end with soil at the starting end of the ridge. As the machine moves forward, the drive shaft 10 drives the round shaft and the film roll 36 to rotate slowly through the synchronous belt, realizing the active unwinding of the film and avoiding the film tearing or stretching deformation caused by passive pulling.

[0029] Reference Figure 2 and Figures 9-12 At the bottom of the support plate 2, two support arms IV 37 are fixed. Each support arm IV 37 has a rotating shaft III 40 that rotatably passes through it. Two pressing discs 42 are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the corresponding rotating shaft III 40, and the two pressing discs 42 are set at an angle, forming an "eight" shape when viewed from the rear. This angled installation allows the pressing discs 42 to press the mulch film onto the ground from both sides, pressing the edges of the mulch film into the soil. On the outside of each support arm IV 37, a protective cover 38 is a sealed shell. A driven shaft 39 rotatably passes through the protective cover 38. This driven shaft 39... The synchronous pulley and synchronous belt are connected to the circular shaft driving the film roll 36. The driven shaft 39 and the rotating shaft III 40 are connected by a universal joint 41. The universal joint 41 can adapt to the angle change caused by the inclined installation and smoothly transmit the rotational power of the driven shaft 39 to the rotating shaft III 40, thereby driving the pressing plate 42 to rotate. When the machine is working, the power of the drive shaft 10 is transmitted to the film roll 36 and the pressing plate 42 at the same time, so that the film laying and pressing actions are carried out synchronously. The laid film covers the ridge surface and is pressed into the soil on both sides by the rotating pressing plate 42 to achieve initial fixation.

[0030] Reference Figure 12 To further enhance the effect of mulching and maintain the ridge shape, a conical disc 43 is fixed on the side of the pressing disc 42 away from the rotating shaft III 40. The diameter of the conical disc 43 is smaller than that of the pressing disc 42, and its conical surface faces the ridge side. When the pressing disc 42 rotates to press the film, the conical disc 43 also rotates. Its conical surface will squeeze the side wall of the ridge, which plays a role in compaction and shaping, making the ridge more solid and preventing collapse.

[0031] In another embodiment: Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 13 and Figure 14After the membrane is pressed, a soil-lifting and compaction mechanism is installed to more firmly bury both sides of the membrane in the soil and prevent it from being blown away by the wind. A Z-shaped plate 45 is fixed on the side of the protective cover 38 away from the V-shaped plate 34, and a vertical plate 44 is fixed at the bottom of the protective cover 38. A rotating shaft IV 46 is rotatably connected between the Z-shaped plate 45 and the vertical plate 44. A rotating cylinder 47 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft IV 46. Multiple soil-lifting plates 48 are fixed along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the rotating cylinder 47. When the rotating shaft IV 46 drives the rotating cylinder 47 to rotate, the soil-lifting plates 48 scoop up the soil on both sides and throw it backward and inward, so that it accurately covers the edge of the membrane that has been pressed into the soil by the pressing plate 42, thereby achieving secondary compaction of the membrane. One end of the rotating shaft IV 46 passes through the protective box 51 and is fixedly sleeved on its outer wall. A worm gear 49 is provided, and a worm 50 rotates through it inside the protective cover 38. The top of the worm 50 and the outer wall of the driven shaft 39 are both fixed with bevel gears, which mesh with each other. The bottom end of the worm 50 extends downward and rotates into the protective box 51 fixed on one side of the vertical plate 44, where it meshes with the worm gear 49 located in the protective box 51. During operation, the rotation of the driven shaft 39 is transmitted to the worm 50 through a pair of bevel gears. The worm 50 then drives the worm gear 49 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating shaft IV 46, the rotating cylinder 47, and the soil-lifting plate 48 to rotate together. The rotating soil-lifting plate 48 will push the soil on both sides and cover the edge of the mulch film that has been pressed into the soil by the pressing plate 42, thus compacting the mulch film a second time, making the mulch film cover more tightly and firmly, and effectively resisting wind damage.

[0032] In addition, considering the harsh environment of field operations, operators clean the exposed parts (such as V-shaped plates, conical wheels, furrowing discs, etc.) after each shift of operation, and regularly check the lubrication of each transmission component and the sealing of the dust cover to ensure the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0033] To achieve precise coordination among the various processes, the potato side-planter also includes a controller (not shown in the figure). The controller is preferably a PLC controller or a microcontroller, fixed at a suitable position on the frame 1 or the support plate 2. The controller is electrically connected to the motor and various sensors that may be installed (such as speed sensors for detecting the machine's forward speed, photoelectric sensors for detecting the rotational position of the feeding disc, etc.). Based on a preset program and / or sensor feedback signals, the controller precisely controls the start, stop, and speed of the motor. Then, through synchronous belts, gears, and other transmission chains, it coordinates the driving of the pre-planting mechanism, planting mechanism, burying mechanism, and mulching mechanism to work collaboratively according to a predetermined rhythm, ensuring precise synchronization of actions such as ridging and furrowing, quantitative seed collection, pulse assistance, and soil and film covering, ultimately achieving targeted side-planting of seed potatoes.

[0034] The method of using a potato side-planter includes the following steps: Before operation, the frame 1 is first connected to a tractor or other traction implement by the connecting lug welded on one side of the frame 1. The support wheel 3 at the bottom of the bearing plate 2 is a non-slip wheel, which provides support and walking ability for the entire implement to move in the soft farmland. The traction force drives the frame 1 and the various working mechanisms fixed on it to move forward. S2. When the operation begins, the front mechanism on the side of the bottom of the bearing plate 2 near the connecting ear first enters the working state. As the machine moves forward, the two conical wheels 6 in contact with the soil rotate around the rotating shaft I5. The smaller diameter ends of the two conical wheels 6 approach each other, and their conical surfaces squeeze and pile the soil to both sides during rotation, forming a continuous ridge behind the machine. At the same time, the rotating shaft II8, which is connected to the rotating shaft I5 through the synchronous wheel and synchronous belt, drives the furrowing disc 9 to rotate synchronously. The furrowing disc 9 is composed of multiple V-shaped rods arranged in a ring. The rotating furrowing disc 9 cuts into the top of the ridge formed by the conical wheels 6, and its V-shaped rods push aside the soil, digging a continuous V-shaped trench in the center of the top of the ridge, preparing for subsequent lateral sowing. S3. While the front-end mechanism is ridging and furrowing, the sowing mechanism starts operating. The motor fixed to the top of the support plate 2 drives the drive shaft 10 to rotate. The drive shaft 10 is linked with the rotating shaft II 8 through a synchronous pulley and synchronous belt to ensure that the sowing rhythm matches the furrowing speed. The drive shaft 10 drives the feeding disc 11 on it to rotate clockwise. The feeding arc platform 14 on the outer wall of the feeding disc 11 extends into the relief opening 13 of the storage box 12. During the rotation, it scoops up the potatoes in the storage box 12. A baffle 15 on one side prevents potatoes from sliding sideways during the upward process. When the feeding arc platform 14 carrying potatoes rotates to the highest position, the potatoes roll down under the action of gravity and fall into the groove 16 correspondingly provided on the outer wall of the feeding disc 11. The bottom inner wall of the groove 16 is provided with an inclined surface. As the feeding disc 11 continues to rotate, when the groove 16 is aligned with the inlet of the collection box 18 fixed on the support plate 2, the potatoes roll down the inclined surface into the collection box 18 and then enter the spiral tube 19 connected to the bottom of the collection box 18. S4. After the potato enters the spiral tube 19, it rolls downwards along the internal spiral slide. This process converts part of the potato's gravitational potential energy from its vertical fall into centrifugal force and tangential velocity along the spiral path, changing its direction of motion from vertically downwards to obliquely downwards towards the side wall of the V-shaped ditch. At the critical moment when the potato is about to be ejected from the outlet of the spiral tube 19, the assist mechanism intervenes. Multiple magnets II 27 are annularly embedded on the side of the feeding disc 11 near the air box 21. When the groove 16 carrying the potato is in contact with the collection box... Position 18 is offset from the corresponding position, meaning that just as the potato is about to be ejected, magnet II 27 rotates to a position directly opposite magnet I 26 fixed on the fixed plate 25 at the end of the sliding rod 23. Since the opposing surfaces of magnet I 26 and magnet II 27 are set to have the same poles, a repulsive force is generated. This repulsive force pushes the fixed plate 25, which in turn pushes the piston plate 22 in the air box 21 to move away from the feeding plate 11 through the sliding rod 23, compressing the air in one side of the chamber of the air box 21. As the piston plate 22 moves, it pulls... The tension spring 24, which is sleeved on the sliding rod 23, causes the compressed air to instantly open the one-way valve inside the exhaust pipe 30 and be ejected through the exhaust pipe 30. The bottom end of the exhaust pipe 30 is tangential to the spiral tube 19. The ejected high-speed airflow flows downward along the spiral trajectory of the spiral tube 19, applying an additional thrust to the potato falling inside the tube, giving it sufficient kinetic energy. With the help of the airflow, the potato is ejected from the outlet of the spiral tube 19 at a high speed and accurately embedded in the side of the V-shaped trench dug by the front mechanism. Lateral sowing is achieved in the soil of the wall. When the magnet II 27 rotates away from the feeding disc 11, the repulsive force disappears, the stretched spring 24 contracts, and pulls the piston plate 22, sliding rod 23 and fixed disc 25 to reset. When the piston plate 22 resets, a negative pressure is formed in the other chamber of the air box 21, and external air is drawn in through the air inlet pipe 29 and the internal one-way valve to store energy for the next exhaust. The ball bearings 28 embedded on the fixed disc 25 contact its side when the feeding disc 11 rotates, changing the sliding friction into rolling friction and reducing the motion resistance. S5. After the potatoes are embedded in the side wall of the ditch, the burying stage begins. The burying mechanism located behind the planting mechanism starts to work. The core component of this mechanism, the V-shaped plate 34, is slidably connected to the vertical cylinder 31 fixed at the bottom of the bearing plate 2 through multiple sliding rods 32. A spring 33 is provided between the top of the sliding rod 32 and the top inner wall of the vertical cylinder 31. The elastic force of the spring 33 makes the V-shaped plate 34 always have a downward tendency to move closely to the ridge surface. As the machine moves forward, the V-shaped plate 34 inserts into the outer wall of the planted ridge, pushing the soil on both sides of the ditch back into the ditch, covering the potatoes embedded in the side wall and the ditch. During this process, the limiting inclined plate 20 fixed to the top inner wall of the V-shaped plate 34 plays a temporary supporting role for the potatoes that have just popped out of the spiral tube 19 and have not yet been buried by the soil, preventing them from rolling off the side wall until the V-shaped plate 34 pushes forward to cover the soil, thus ensuring the accuracy of the planting position. S6. After the soil covering operation is completed, the last process is mulching. The mulching mechanism located at the rear of the machine starts to work. The drive shaft 10 drives the round shaft on the support arm Ⅲ35 to rotate through the synchronous wheel and synchronous belt, which in turn drives the mulch film roll to be actively unrolled. The ends of the mulch film are buried in the soil in advance by the manual. As the machine moves forward, the mulch film is laid smoothly on the ridge after soil covering. At the same time, the driven shaft 39, which is driven by the round shaft through the synchronous belt, obtains rotational power. The driven shaft 39 drives the rotating shaft Ⅲ40 to rotate through the universal joint 41, which drives the two pressing discs 42, which are set in a figure-eight shape and are inclined, to rotate. The rotating pressing discs 42 press the two sides of the mulch film into the soil to achieve the initial fixation of the mulch film. The conical discs 43 fixed on the side of the pressing discs 42 squeeze the side wall of the ridge while pressing the film, making the ridge more compact. S7. To further reinforce the mulch film, the bevel gear at the top of the driven shaft 39 meshes with the bevel gear at the top of the worm 50, transmitting power to the worm 50. The worm 50 drives the worm wheel 49, which meshes with it, to rotate. The worm wheel 49 drives the rotating shaft IV 46 and the rotating cylinder 47 and the soil lifting plate 48 fixed on it to rotate. The rotating soil lifting plate 48 moves the soil on both sides and covers the edge of the mulch film that has been pressed into the soil by the pressing plate 42, thus compacting the mulch film a second time and completing the entire mulching process.

[0035] The accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The dimensions and shapes of the components shown are not actual limitations but are merely schematic representations. In actual implementation, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific needs and actual conditions.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A potato side-planter, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that, The bottom of the frame (1) is fixed with multiple bearing plates (2) by bolts, and the bottom of each of the multiple bearing plates (2) is provided with multiple support wheels (3) through support legs. The bottom of the bearing plate (2) is provided with a front-mounted mechanism for ridging and digging V-shaped ditches in the field before sowing, so that potatoes can be placed into the ditches later. The front-mounted mechanism includes two conical wheels (6) and a ditching disc (9). The bearing plate (2) is provided with a sowing mechanism for sowing potatoes onto the side wall of the V-shaped ditch. The sowing mechanism includes a spiral tube (19) that is fixed through the bearing plate (2) and an assisting mechanism. The discharge end of the spiral tube (19) faces the side wall of the V-shaped ditch. The assisting mechanism is used to inject gas into the spiral tube (19) to provide driving force for the potatoes to roll in the spiral tube (19). The bottom of the support plate (2) is also provided with a burying mechanism for burying potatoes after planting. The burying mechanism includes a V-shaped plate (34) set below the support plate (2), and the V-shaped plate (34) is located on the side of the planting mechanism away from the front mechanism. It also includes a mulching mechanism for covering the ridges with mulch after the burial operation is completed, thereby increasing soil temperature and maintaining soil moisture. The mulching mechanism includes a mulch roll (36) and two pressing discs (42).

2. The potato side-planter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front mechanism also includes two support arms I (4) fixed to the bottom of the bearing plate (2). The two support arms I (4) are rotatably connected by the same rotating shaft I (5). The two conical wheels (6) are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft I (5). The smaller diameter ends of the two conical wheels (6) are close to each other. Through the cooperation of the two conical wheels (6) and the rotating shaft I (5), the bottom of the bearing plate (2) is fixed with two support arms II (7). The two support arms II (7) are rotatably connected by the same rotating shaft II (8). The grooving disc (9) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft II (8). The grooving disc (9) is composed of multiple V-shaped rods arranged in a ring around the rotating shaft II (8). The rotating shaft I (5) and the rotating shaft II (8) are connected by a synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt.

3. The potato side-planter according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sowing mechanism also includes a storage box (12) fixed to the top of the support plate (2). The storage box (12) has a relief opening (13) on the side near the spiral tube (19). The top of the support plate (2) is rotatably connected to a drive shaft (10) via a base. The top of the support plate (2) is fixed with a motor for driving the drive shaft (10) to rotate. The drive shaft (10) is connected to the rotating shaft II (8) via a synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt. A feeding disc is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the drive shaft (10). 11) The outer wall of the feeding disc (11) is fixed with a plurality of feeding arc platforms (14), and the feeding arc platforms (14) extend into the relief opening (13). The outer wall of the feeding disc (11) is provided with a plurality of grooves (16), and the grooves (16) cooperate with the feeding arc platforms (14). The top of the bearing plate (2) is fixed with a collection box (18) through an L-shaped support plate (17). The bottom inner wall of the groove (16) is provided with an inclined surface. The top end of the spiral tube (19) is fixedly extended into the collection box (18).

4. The potato side-planter according to claim 3, characterized in that, The assist mechanism includes an air box (21) fixed to the bottom of the support plate (2). A piston plate (22) is slidably connected inside the air box (21). A sliding rod (23) is fixed to the side of the piston plate (22) near the feeding disc (11). The end of the sliding rod (23) near the feeding disc (11) slides through the inner wall of one side of the air box (21) and is fixed to a fixing plate (25). A tension spring (24) is fixed between the side of the piston plate (22) near the feeding disc (11) and the inner wall of one side of the air box (21) through a spring seat. The tension spring (24) is sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding rod (23). A drain is fixedly connected to the side of the air box (21) away from the feeding disc (11). The bottom end of the exhaust pipe (30) is fixedly extended into the spiral tube (19), and the bottom end of the exhaust pipe (30) is tangent to the spiral tube (19). The fixed plate (25) is fixedly embedded with a magnet I (26) on the side near the feeding plate (11). The feeding plate (11) is fixedly embedded with multiple magnets II (27) in a ring shape on the side near the air box (21). The magnets II (27) and magnets I (26) generate a repulsive force, and the angle between magnets II (27) and groove (16) is in the range of 5°-10°. The bottom of the air box (21) is fixed with an air inlet pipe (29). Both the air inlet pipe (29) and the exhaust pipe (30) are equipped with one-way valves.

5. The potato side-planter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The burial mechanism also includes multiple vertical cylinders (31) fixed to the bottom of the bearing plate (2). Each of the multiple vertical cylinders (31) is slidably connected with a sliding rod (32). The top of each of the multiple sliding rods (32) is fixed with a spring (33) through a spring seat. The top of each of the multiple springs (33) is fixedly connected to the top inner wall of the vertical cylinder (31) through a spring seat. The bottom of each of the multiple sliding rods (32) is fixed with the same V-shaped plate (34).

6. The potato side-planter according to claim 5, characterized in that, The film covering mechanism also includes two support arms III (35) fixed to the bottom of the support plate (2). A circular shaft rotatably passes through each of the two support arms III (35). The film roll (36) is fixedly installed between the two circular shafts by bolts, and the circular shafts drive the film roll (36) to rotate. One of the circular shafts is connected to the drive shaft (10) via a synchronous pulley and synchronous belt. Two support arms IV (37) are fixed to the bottom of the support plate (2). A circular shaft rotatably passes through each of the two support arms IV (37). A rotating shaft III (40) is inserted through it. The ends of the two pressing discs (42) that are far apart from each other are fixedly connected to one end of the corresponding rotating shaft III (40). The two support arms IV (37) are fixed with protective covers (38) on the sides that are far apart from each other. A driven shaft (39) is rotatably inserted inside the two protective covers (38). The driven shaft (39) is connected to the adjacent round shaft through a synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt. The driven shaft (39) is connected to the adjacent rotating shaft III (40) through a universal joint (41).

7. The potato side-planter according to claim 6, characterized in that, A conical disc (43) is fixed on the side of the pressing disc (42) away from the rotating shaft III (40).

8. The potato side-planter according to claim 7, characterized in that, A limiting inclined plate (20) is fixed to the top inner wall of the V-shaped plate (34). The end of the limiting inclined plate (20) near the feeding disc (11) extends from the side of the V-shaped plate (34) near the feeding disc (11). The bottom end of the spiral tube (19) is fixed through the limiting inclined plate (20). A plurality of balls (28) are rolled and embedded on the side of the fixed disc (25) near the feeding disc (11).

9. The potato side-planter according to claim 8, characterized in that, The feeding arc platform (14) is fixed with a barrier (15) on the side away from the collection box (18).

10. The potato side-planter according to claim 9, characterized in that, A Z-shaped plate (45) is fixed to the side of the protective cover (38) away from the V-shaped plate (34). A vertical plate (44) is fixed to the bottom of the protective cover (38). A rotating shaft IV (46) is rotatably connected between the Z-shaped plate (45) and the vertical plate (44). A rotating cylinder (47) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft IV (46). Multiple soil-lifting plates (48) are fixed to the outer wall of the rotating cylinder (47). A worm gear (49) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft IV (46). A worm gear rotates through the protective cover (38). The top of the worm (50) and the outer wall of the driven shaft (39) are both fixed with bevel gears, and the two bevel gears mesh with each other to drive the worm (50) to rotate through the driven shaft (39). A protective box (51) is fixed on one side of the vertical plate (44). One end of the rotating shaft IV (46) rotates through the protective box (51), and the worm wheel (49) is located inside the protective box (51). The bottom end of the worm (50) rotates and extends into the protective box (51). The worm (50) meshes with the worm wheel (49).

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