A multi-stage blood filtering device for kidney dialysis with optimized flow channel

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of kidney dialysis medical equipment, in particular to a kidney dialysis blood multi-stage filtering device with optimized flow channels, which comprises a device body; three groups of filtering cylinders are driven in linkage by a micro motor, a rotating shaft, a driving gear and a transmission gear ring, the driving gear and the transmission gear ring are sequentially reduced from top to bottom, the three groups of filtering cylinders rotate at different rotating speeds, the internal filtering units are driven to work efficiently, the filtering unit apertures are sequentially reduced from top to bottom, the filtering unit apertures are respectively set as pretreatment filtering units, precision filtering units and deep adsorption filtering units, a grading purification system is formed, different molecular weight toxins can be targetedly removed, the linkage structure of a pawl, a ratchet ring, a connecting rotating rod and a return spring can dynamically adjust the angle of the filtering units according to the changes of blood flow and pollution degree, the occurrence risk of low proteinemia of patients can be effectively reduced, the device can be flexibly adapted to the disease differences of different patients, individualized precise treatment can be realized, and the kidney dialysis treatment effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of kidney dialysis medical equipment technology, and in particular to a multi-stage blood filtration device for kidney dialysis with optimized flow channels. Background Technology

[0002] Kidney dialysis is a core treatment for maintaining the lives of patients with acute and chronic renal failure. As a core component of kidney dialysis equipment, the performance of the hemofiltration device directly determines the treatment effect and patient safety. Currently, existing kidney dialysis hemofiltration devices generally suffer from the following key drawbacks, making it difficult to meet the needs of precise clinical treatment: Existing hemofiltration devices for renal dialysis suffer from poor flow channel design, resulting in disordered blood flow paths, dead spaces, and eddies. This leads to excessive pressure loss, affecting blood circulation and increasing the risk of hemolysis. Furthermore, it causes uneven stress on the filter membrane, resulting in severe local wear and shortening its lifespan. Defective bottom structures in some devices further exacerbate blood flow resistance and reduce filtration efficiency. Moreover, the lack of coordinated multi-stage filtration, with each filtration unit operating independently, prevents dynamic adjustment of filtration intensity and flow channel diameter based on blood contamination levels and flow rate changes. This leads to incomplete removal of small molecule toxins (urea, creatinine), medium molecule toxins (β2-microglobulin), and large molecule protein-bound toxins, and increases the risk of abnormal albumin loss, thus increasing the risk of hypoalbuminemia. Additionally, the filtration precision is difficult to flexibly adapt to the different needs of different patients. Therefore, a multi-stage hemofiltration device for renal dialysis with optimized flow channels is proposed to address these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the prior art, and to propose a multi-stage filtration device for kidney dialysis blood with optimized flow channels.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A flow channel optimized multi-stage filtration device for kidney dialysis blood includes a device body, an exhaust assembly at the top of the device body, a liquid inlet assembly at the upper section of the device body, and a filtration assembly at the middle section of the device body. The filter assembly includes a central fixed ring rotatably connected to the inner wall of the upper section of the device body. A micro motor is fixedly installed on the bottom left side of the central fixed ring. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the micro motor. Three sets of drive gears are fixedly connected at equal intervals on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. A transmission gear ring meshes with the outer wall of each set of drive gears. A filter cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of each set of transmission gear rings. A mounting ring frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of each set of filter cylinders. A filter unit is rotatably connected to the inner wall of each set of mounting ring frames. A connecting rod is rotatably connected to the top of each set of mounting ring frames. A fixing block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lower section of each set of connecting rods. A return spring is fixedly connected to one end of the back of each set of fixing blocks. A ratchet is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper section of each set of connecting rods. A limit ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the middle section of each set of filter units. A ratchet ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of each set of limit rings.

[0005] In the aforementioned multi-stage filtration device for renal dialysis blood with optimized flow channels, the exhaust assembly includes a limiting slide cylinder. An annular groove is formed on the outer wall of the upper section of the limiting slide cylinder. A fixed slide ring is slidably connected to the annular groove. An end cap is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed slide ring. A top plate is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the end cap. A connecting spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting spring. A sealing plate is fixedly connected to the connecting rod. A float is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing plate. A fixed rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the float. An upper diverter plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed rod.

[0006] In the aforementioned flow channel optimized multi-stage filtration device for renal dialysis blood, the inlet assembly includes a connecting ring fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper and lower ends of the device body. The upper and lower sections of the left side of the device body are respectively connected to an inlet port and an outlet port. The outer wall of the connecting ring of the upper section is threadedly connected to an upper end cap, and the inner wall of the upper end cap is connected to a blood inlet. The outer wall of the connecting ring of the lower section is threadedly connected to a lower end cap, and the bottom of the lower end cap is connected to a blood outlet.

[0007] In the aforementioned multi-stage filtration device for kidney dialysis blood with optimized flow channels, a sealing ring is fitted at the connection between the device body and the upper section connecting ring, and a sealing guide ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper section of the device body.

[0008] In the aforementioned multi-stage filtration device for kidney dialysis blood with optimized flow channels, a lower fixing ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lower section of the device body, a limiting protrusion is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the device body, a limiting slip ring is slidably connected to the outer wall of the limiting protrusion, and a buffer spring is provided at the top of the limiting slip ring.

[0009] In the aforementioned multi-stage filtration device for renal dialysis blood with optimized flow channels, the drive gear and transmission gear ring decrease in size from top to bottom, and the upper and lower adjacent filter cylinders are rotatably connected to each other. A fixing ring is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of each set of filter cylinders, and a retaining ring is fixedly connected to the upper section of each set of filter cylinders. Adjacent fixing rings and retaining rings are interlocked with each other.

[0010] In the aforementioned multi-stage filtration device for renal dialysis blood with optimized flow channels, the limiting slide is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper end cap, and multiple sets of vent holes are equidistantly opened on the upper circumference of the limiting slide. The end cap is slidably connected to the outer wall of the upper section of the limiting slide. The sealing disc and the float are slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting slide. The upper diversion disc is slidably connected to the inner wall of the upper section of the device body. Multiple diversion grooves are equidistantly opened on the upper circumference of the device body.

[0011] In the aforementioned multi-stage filtration device for kidney dialysis blood with optimized flow channels, the outer wall of the connecting ring is provided with threads, the inner walls of the upper and lower end caps are provided with threaded grooves, the connecting ring is threadedly connected to the upper and lower end caps respectively, and the bottom of the lower end cap is configured as a funnel shape.

[0012] In the aforementioned multi-stage filtration device for kidney dialysis blood with optimized flow channels, the inner side of the sealing ring is set as an inclined surface, and the sealing guide ring is set at the bottom of the upper flow distribution plate.

[0013] In the above-mentioned multi-stage filtration device for renal dialysis blood with optimized flow channels, the outer wall of each set of pawls abuts against the outer wall of the ratchet ring, and the return springs of each set are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter cylinder. The pore size of the filter unit decreases from top to bottom, and they are respectively set as a pretreatment filter unit, a precision filter unit, and a deep adsorption filter unit.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: 1. This invention utilizes three sets of filter cartridges driven by a micro motor, rotating shaft, drive gear, and transmission gear ring. The drive gear and transmission gear ring decrease in size from top to bottom, allowing the three sets of filter cartridges to rotate at different speeds. This drives the internal filtration units to work efficiently. The pore size of the filtration units decreases from top to bottom, and they are respectively set as a pretreatment filtration unit, a precision filtration unit, and a deep adsorption filtration unit, forming a graded purification system. This system can specifically remove toxins of different molecular weights. The device uses a linkage structure of pawl, ratchet ring, connecting rod, and return spring to dynamically adjust the angle of the filtration units according to changes in blood flow and pollution levels. This effectively reduces the risk of hypoalbuminemia in patients and can flexibly adapt to the differences in the conditions of different patients, achieving personalized and precise treatment and improving the effectiveness of kidney dialysis treatment.

[0015] 2. This invention utilizes multiple equidistant flow channels on the upper circumference of the device body, combined with the guiding effect of the flow distribution plate and sealing guide ring, to evenly distribute blood to the filter assembly. This avoids flow channel disturbance caused by direct impact of blood on the filter structure, effectively eliminating dead space and eddies in the blood flow process. The upper and lower adjacent filter cylinders in the filter assembly are interlocked by fixing rings and retaining rings to ensure the stability of the filter cylinders during rotation, ensuring smooth blood flow between the filter cylinders, avoiding increased local resistance due to structural misalignment, and reducing the maintenance and operating costs of medical equipment.

[0016] 3. This invention utilizes a linked structure of a float, sealing disc, and connecting spring to automatically expel air carried in the blood, preventing residual air from affecting the filtration effect or causing clinical risks. Furthermore, it automatically seals after the air is expelled, preventing blood leakage and improving the safety of the device's operation. The micro-motor is selected from low-noise, low-vibration, and low-temperature-rise models suitable for medical applications, ensuring stable and reliable operation and long-term continuous operation to meet the long-term operational requirements of kidney dialysis treatment. Simultaneously, its compact size does not occupy excessive internal space, avoiding interference with blood flow. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the oblique side structure proposed in this invention; Figure 3 The present invention proposes Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 4 The present invention proposes Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 5 The present invention proposes Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point C; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the inclined tilting structure proposed in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the oblique side structure proposed in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure at the ratchet ring proposed in this invention; Figure 9 This is a partial structural diagram of the fixing ring proposed in this invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Device body; 2. Connecting ring; 3. Liquid inlet; 4. Liquid outlet; 5. Upper end cap; 6. Blood inlet; 7. Limiting slide; 8. Fixing slip ring; 9. End cap; 10. Top plate; 11. Connecting spring; 12. Connecting rod; 13. Sealing plate; 14. Float; 15. Fixing rod; 16. Sealing ring; 17. Upper diverting plate; 18. Sealing guide ring; 19. Middle fixing ring; 20. Micro motor; 21. 21. Shaft; 22. Drive gear; 23. Transmission gear ring; 24. Filter cartridge; 25. Mounting ring frame; 26. Filter unit; 27. Limiting ring; 28. Ratchet ring; 29. ​​Connecting rod; 30. Fixing block; 31. Return spring; 32. Pawl; 33. Lower fixing ring; 34. Buffer spring; 35. Limiting protrusion; 36. Limiting slip ring; 37. Lower end cover; 38. Blood outlet; 39. Fixing ring; 40. Snap ring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1: As Figure 1-9 As shown, this invention discloses a multi-stage filtration device for hemodialysis blood with optimized flow channels, comprising a device body 1. An exhaust assembly is located at the top of the device body 1, a liquid inlet assembly is located in the upper section of the device body 1, and a filtration assembly is located in the middle section of the device body 1. The filtration assembly includes a central fixing ring 19 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the upper section of the device body 1. A micro motor 20 is fixedly mounted on the bottom left side of the central fixing ring 19. A rotating shaft 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the micro motor 20. Three sets of drive gears 22 are equidistantly fixed to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 21. Each set of drive gears 22 has a transmission gear ring 23 meshing on its outer wall. Each of the three filter cartridges 24 is fixedly connected to its inner wall. Each filter cartridge 24 has a mounting ring 25 fixedly connected to its bottom inner wall. Each mounting ring 25 has a filter unit 26 rotatably connected to its inner wall. Each mounting ring 25 has a connecting rod 29 rotatably connected to its top. Each connecting rod 29 has a fixing block 30 fixedly connected to its lower outer wall. Each fixing block 30 has a return spring 31 fixedly connected to one end of its back. Each connecting rod 29 has a ratchet 32 ​​fixedly connected to its upper outer wall. Each filter unit 26 has a limit ring 27 fixedly connected to its middle outer wall. Each limit ring 27 has a ratchet ring 28 fixedly connected to its outer wall. In this embodiment, the middle fixed ring 19 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the upper section of the device body 1. The micro motor 20 fixedly installed at the bottom left side is started. The micro motor 20 is a Mingzhi BLR16 DC brushless motor. The rotating shaft 21 fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the micro motor 20 rotates continuously, driving the three sets of drive gears 22 fixed at equal intervals on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 21 to rotate synchronously. Each set of drive gears 22 has a transmission gear ring 23 meshing on its outer wall. The drive gears 22 and transmission gear rings 23 decrease in size from top to bottom. Therefore, the three sets of transmission gear rings 23 will rotate at different speeds, thereby driving the filter cylinders 24 fixedly connected to the inner wall of each set of transmission gear rings 23 to rotate synchronously. The upper and lower adjacent filter cylinders 24 are rotatably connected to each other. The fixed ring 39 fixed on the bottom outer wall of each set of filter cylinders 24 is engaged with the retaining ring 40 fixed on the upper section of the bottom adjacent filter cylinder 24 to ensure the stability of the filter cylinder 24 when rotating and avoid deviation. At the same time, it ensures the smooth flow of blood between the filter cylinders 24, further optimizes the flow channel, and reduces pressure loss.

[0021] Furthermore, a lower fixing ring 33 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lower section of the device body 1, a limiting protrusion 35 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the device body 1, a limiting slip ring 36 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the limiting protrusion 35, and a buffer spring 34 is provided on the top of the limiting slip ring 36; the drive gear 22 and the transmission gear ring 23 decrease in size from top to bottom, and the filter cylinders 24 adjacent at the upper and lower ends are rotatably connected to each other, a fixing ring 39 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom of each filter cylinder 24, and a retaining ring 40 is fixedly connected to the upper section of each filter cylinder 24, and the adjacent fixing rings 39 and retaining rings 40 are engaged with each other; the outer wall of each set of ratchet 32 ​​abuts against the outer wall of the ratchet ring 28, and each set of return springs 31 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter cylinder 24, and the aperture of the filter unit 26 decreases in size from top to bottom, and is respectively set as a pretreatment filter unit, a precision filter unit and a deep adsorption filter unit.

[0022] Furthermore, the purified blood after multi-stage filtration flows into the lower section of the device body 1. The lower fixing ring 33 fixed to the inner wall of the lower section of the device body 1 further guides the blood flow and prevents blood from stagnating in the lower section of the device. The limiting protrusion 35 fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the device body 1 has a buffer spring 34 on the top of the limiting slip ring 36 slidably connected to its outer wall, which can buffer the impact force of the filtered blood and reduce the eddy current of the blood at the bottom of the device, further reducing pressure loss. Finally, the dialysis blood gathers into the funnel-shaped structure of the lower end cover 37 and is discharged from the device through the blood outlet 38 connected to the bottom of the lower end cover 37, entering the subsequent kidney dialysis circulation system. If it is necessary to replenish dialysis fluid or discharge waste fluid during the treatment process, it can be done through the inlet port 3 and outlet port 4 connected to the upper and lower sections on the left side of the device body 1, respectively, to achieve the coordinated operation of filtration and dialysis.

[0023] Example 2: Compared with Example 1, another embodiment of the present invention is as follows: The exhaust assembly includes a limiting slide cylinder 7. An annular groove is provided on the outer wall of the upper section of the limiting slide cylinder 7. A fixed slide ring 8 is slidably connected to the annular groove. An end cap 9 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed slide ring 8. A top plate 10 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the end cap 9. A connecting spring 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate 10. A connecting rod 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting spring 11. A sealing plate 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting rod 12. A float 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing plate 13. A fixed rod 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the float 14. An upper diverter plate 17 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed rod 15.

[0024] In this embodiment, when blood enters the device initially, it carries some air. If the air remains, it will affect the filtration effect and may cause clinical risks. At this time, the exhaust assembly is activated. The limiting slide 7 is fixed to the inner wall of the upper end cover 5. Multiple sets of exhaust holes equidistantly opened on the upper circumference of the slide 7 provide a channel for air to be discharged. After the blood enters, the float 14 floats upward under the buoyancy of the gas in the blood, which drives the fixedly connected sealing disc 13 and fixing rod 15 to rise synchronously. The sealing disc 13 compresses the connecting spring 11 upward. When the sealing disc 13 rises to below the exhaust hole on the upper section of the limiting slide 7, the air carried in the blood is discharged from the device through the exhaust hole.

[0025] Furthermore, the limiting slide 7 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper end cover 5, and multiple sets of exhaust holes are equidistantly opened on the upper circumference of the limiting slide 7. The end cap 9 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the upper section of the limiting slide 7. The sealing disc 13 and the float 14 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting slide 7. The upper diversion disc 17 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the upper section of the device body 1. Multiple diversion grooves are equidistantly opened on the upper circumference of the device body 1.

[0026] Furthermore, once the air is expelled and the blood level stabilizes, the float 14 achieves buoyancy balance, the connecting spring 11 resets, and pushes the sealing plate 13 downward to seal the vent hole, preventing blood from leaking out of the vent hole. At the same time, the upper diversion plate 17 remains stable under the action of the fixed rod 15, continuously playing a diversion and guiding role.

[0027] Example 3: Comparing Examples 1 and 2, another embodiment of the present invention is as follows: The liquid inlet assembly includes a connecting ring 2 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper and lower ends of the device body 1. The upper and lower sections on the left side of the device body 1 are respectively connected to a liquid inlet port 3 and a liquid outlet port 4. The outer wall of the upper connecting ring 2 is threadedly connected to an upper end cap 5, and the inner wall of the upper end cap 5 is connected to a blood inlet 6. The outer wall of the lower connecting ring 2 is threadedly connected to a lower end cap 37, and the bottom of the lower end cap 37 is connected to a blood outlet 38. A sealing ring 16 is sleeved at the connection between the device body 1 and the upper connecting ring 2. A sealing guide ring 18 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper section of the device body 1. In this embodiment, the upper end cap 5 is threadedly connected to the connecting ring 2 of the upper section of the device body 1 through the inner wall thread groove, and the lower end cap 37 is fixed to the connecting ring 2 of the lower section of the device body 1 through the same threaded connection. At this time, the sealing ring 16 at the connection between the device body 1 and the upper section connecting ring 2 is tightly fitted, and the inner side of the sealing ring 16 is set as a slope to enhance the sealing effect and prevent blood leakage. At the same time, the bottom of the lower end cap 37 is set as a funnel shape to provide guidance for the convergence and discharge of filtered blood and reduce flow resistance. During debugging, the end cap 9 is rotated, and it slides in the annular groove of the upper section of the limiting slide cylinder 7 through the fixed slip ring 8 to ensure smooth connection between the end cap 9 and the limiting slide cylinder 7.

[0028] Furthermore, the outer wall of the connecting ring 2 is provided with threads, and the inner walls of the upper end cover 5 and the lower end cover 37 are provided with threaded grooves. The connecting ring 2 is threadedly connected to the upper end cover 5 and the lower end cover 37 respectively. The bottom of the lower end cover 37 is set in a funnel shape. The inner side of the sealing ring 16 is set with a slope, and the sealing guide ring 18 is set at the bottom of the upper diverter plate 17.

[0029] Furthermore, during kidney dialysis treatment, the blood to be filtered enters the device body 1 through the blood inlet 6 connected to the inner wall of the upper end cover 5. After entering, the blood first comes into contact with the upper diversion plate 17 of the exhaust assembly. The multi-component diversion channels equidistantly arranged on the upper section of the device body 1, together with the sliding guide effect of the upper diversion plate 17, realize the initial diversion of blood, avoid blood directly impacting the filter assembly and causing flow channel disturbance, and guide the blood to flow evenly to the filter assembly in the middle section of the device body 1, laying the foundation for multi-stage filtration. At this time, the sealing guide ring 18 fixed on the inner wall of the upper section of the device body 1 further regulates the blood flow direction, prevents the blood from forming eddies and dead spaces in the upper section of the device, reduces pressure loss, and reduces the risk of hemolysis.

[0030] Working principle: Before the device is started, the upper end cover 5 is threaded to the connecting ring 2 of the upper section of the device body 1 through the inner wall thread groove. The lower end cover 37 is fixed to the connecting ring 2 of the lower section of the device body 1 through the same thread connection. At this time, the sealing ring 16 at the connection between the device body 1 and the upper section connecting ring 2 is tightly fitted. The inner side of the sealing ring 16 is set as a slope to enhance the sealing effect and prevent blood leakage. At the same time, the bottom of the lower end cover 37 is set as a funnel shape to provide guidance for the convergence and discharge of filtered blood and reduce flow resistance. During debugging, the end cap 9 is rotated and it slides in the annular groove of the upper section of the limiting slide cylinder 7 through the fixed slip ring 8 to ensure smooth connection between the end cap 9 and the limiting slide cylinder 7. During kidney dialysis treatment, the blood to be filtered enters the device body 1 through the blood inlet 6 connected to the inner wall of the upper end cover 5. After entering, the blood first comes into contact with the upper diversion plate 17 of the exhaust assembly. The multi-component diversion channels equidistantly arranged on the upper section of the device body 1, together with the sliding guide effect of the upper diversion plate 17, realize the initial diversion of blood, avoid blood directly impacting the filter assembly and causing flow channel disturbance, and guide the blood to flow evenly to the filter assembly in the middle section of the device body 1, laying the foundation for multi-stage filtration. At this time, the sealing guide ring 18 fixed on the inner wall of the upper section of the device body 1 further regulates the blood flow direction, prevents the blood from forming eddies and dead spaces in the upper section of the device, reduces pressure loss, and reduces the risk of hemolysis. When blood initially enters the device, it carries some air. If the air remains, it will affect the filtration effect and may cause clinical risks. At this time, the exhaust assembly is activated. The limiting slide 7 is fixed to the inner wall of the upper end cover 5. Multiple sets of exhaust holes equidistantly opened on the upper circumference of the slide 7 provide a channel for air to be discharged. After the blood enters, the float 14 floats upward under the buoyancy of the gas in the blood, which drives the fixedly connected sealing plate 13 and fixing rod 15 to rise synchronously. The sealing plate 13 compresses the connecting spring 11 upward. When the sealing plate 13 rises to below the exhaust hole of the upper section of the limiting slide 7, the air carried in the blood is discharged from the device through the exhaust hole. After the air is discharged, the blood level is stable, the buoyancy of the float 14 is balanced, the connecting spring 11 is reset, and the sealing plate 13 is pushed downward to seal the exhaust hole and prevent blood from leaking from the exhaust hole. At the same time, the upper diversion plate 17 remains stable under the action of the fixing rod 15 and continues to play a diversion and guiding role. After pre-guidance and degassing, the blood flows smoothly into the filter assembly in the middle section of the device body 1. The middle fixed ring 19 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the upper section of the device body 1. The micro motor 20 fixedly installed at the bottom left side starts. The micro motor 20 is a Mingzhi BLR16 DC brushless motor. The rotating shaft 21 fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the micro motor 20 rotates continuously, driving the three sets of drive gears 22 fixed at equal intervals on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 21 to rotate synchronously. Each set of drive gears 22 has a transmission gear ring 23 meshing on its outer wall. The drive gears 22 and transmission gear rings 23 decrease in size from top to bottom. Therefore, the three sets of transmission gear rings 23 will rotate at different speeds, thereby driving the filter cylinder 24 fixedly connected to the inner wall of each set of transmission gear rings 23 to rotate synchronously. The upper and lower adjacent filter cylinders 24 are rotatably connected to each other. The fixing ring 39 fixed on the bottom outer wall of each filter cylinder 24 is engaged with the retaining ring 40 fixed on the upper section of the adjacent bottom filter cylinder 24 to ensure the stability of the filter cylinder 24 when rotating and avoid displacement. At the same time, it ensures the smooth flow of blood between the filter cylinders 24, further optimizes the flow channel and reduces pressure loss. Each filter cartridge 24 has a fixed mounting ring 25 at the bottom of its inner wall. The filter units 26 connected to the inner wall of the ring have pore sizes that decrease from top to bottom. These are a pretreatment filter unit, a precision filter unit, and a deep adsorption filter unit, which achieves graded purification of blood. The upper pretreatment filter unit first filters out large molecular impurities in the blood, such as blood cell fragments and fibrin clots, to prevent impurities from clogging the lower precision filter structure. The middle precision filter unit focuses on removing medium molecular toxins, such as β2-microglobulin, while also intercepting some large molecular protein-bound toxins. The lower deep adsorption filter unit thoroughly removes small molecular toxins, such as urea and creatinine, while retaining albumin to the maximum extent to reduce the risk of hypoalbuminemia in patients. Each set of mounting rings 25 is rotatably connected to the top of the connecting rod 29. The lower section of the outer wall of the fixed block 30 is fixedly connected to one end of the back of the return spring 31, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter cylinder 24. The pawl 32 fixed to the upper section of the outer wall of the connecting rod 29 abuts against the outer wall of the ratchet ring 28 on the limiting ring 27 fixed to the middle section of the outer wall of the filter unit 26. When the blood flow changes or the degree of blood contamination is different, the blood impact force on the filter unit 26 changes, which will drive the ratchet ring 28 to rotate slightly. Under the action of the ratchet ring 28, the pawl 32 drives the connecting rod 29 to rotate, compressing or stretching the return spring 31, thereby adjusting the angle of the filter unit 26, changing the contact area between the blood and the filter unit 26, dynamically adjusting the filtration intensity and flow channel diameter, adapting to the needs of different patients, and ensuring filtration accuracy. After being filtered through multiple stages, the purified blood flows into the lower section of the device body 1. The lower fixing ring 33, fixed to the inner wall of the lower section of the device body 1, further guides the blood flow and prevents blood from stagnating in the lower section of the device. The limiting protrusion 35, fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the device body 1, has a buffer spring 34 on top of the limiting slip ring 36 that slides on its outer wall. This buffers the impact force of the filtered blood and reduces the eddy currents in the blood at the bottom of the device, further reducing pressure loss. Finally, the dialyzed blood gathers into the funnel-shaped structure of the lower end cover 37 and is discharged from the device through the blood outlet 38 connected to the bottom of the lower end cover 37, entering the subsequent kidney dialysis circulation system. If it is necessary to replenish dialysis fluid or discharge waste fluid during treatment, this can be done through the inlet port 3 and outlet port 4 connected to the upper and lower sections on the left side of the device body 1, respectively, to achieve synergistic filtration and dialysis.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flow-optimized multi-stage blood filtration device for renal dialysis, comprising a device body (1), characterized in that, The device body (1) is provided with an exhaust assembly at the top, an inlet assembly at the upper section of the device body (1), and a filter assembly at the middle section of the device body (1). The filter assembly includes a central fixing ring (19) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the upper section of the device body (1). A micro motor (20) is fixedly installed on the bottom left side of the central fixing ring (19). A rotating shaft (21) is fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the micro motor (20). Three sets of drive gears (22) are fixedly connected at equal intervals on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (21). A transmission gear ring (23) meshes with the outer wall of each set of drive gears (22). A filter cylinder (24) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of each set of transmission gear rings (23). A mounting ring frame (25) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of each set of filter cylinders (24). Each set of mounting rings (25) has a filter unit (26) rotatably connected to its inner wall. Each set of mounting rings (25) has a connecting rod (29) rotatably connected to its top. Each set of connecting rods (29) has a fixing block (30) fixedly connected to its lower outer wall. Each set of fixing blocks (30) has a return spring (31) fixedly connected to one end of its back side. Each set of connecting rods (29) has a pawl (32) fixedly connected to its upper outer wall. Each set of filter units (26) has a limit ring (27) fixedly connected to its middle outer wall. Each set of limit rings (27) has a ratchet ring (28) fixedly connected to its outer wall.

2. The multi-stage blood filtration device for renal dialysis with optimized flow channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust assembly includes a limiting slide cylinder (7). The upper section of the limiting slide cylinder (7) has an annular groove on its outer wall. A fixed slide ring (8) is slidably connected to the annular groove. An end cap (9) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed slide ring (8). A top plate (10) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the end cap (9). A connecting spring (11) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate (10). A connecting rod (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting spring (11). A sealing plate (13) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (12). A float (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing plate (13). A fixing rod (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the float (14). An upper diverter plate (17) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing rod (15).

3. The multi-stage blood filtration device for renal dialysis with optimized flow channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid inlet assembly includes a connecting ring (2) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper and lower ends of the device body (1). The upper and lower sections of the left side of the device body (1) are respectively connected to a liquid inlet (3) and a liquid outlet (4). The outer wall of the connecting ring (2) of the upper section is threaded with an upper end cap (5). The inner wall of the upper end cap (5) is connected to a blood inlet (6). The outer wall of the connecting ring (2) of the lower section is threaded with a lower end cap (37). The bottom of the lower end cap (37) is connected to a blood outlet (38).

4. The multi-stage blood filtration device for renal dialysis with optimized flow channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing ring (16) is fitted at the connection between the device body (1) and the upper connecting ring (2), and a sealing guide ring (18) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper section of the device body (1).

5. A multi-stage hemofiltration device for kidney dialysis with optimized flow channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower section of the device body (1) is fixedly connected to a lower fixing ring (33), the bottom inner wall of the device body (1) is fixedly connected to a limiting protrusion (35), the outer wall of the limiting protrusion (35) is slidably connected to a limiting slip ring (36), and a buffer spring (34) is provided on the top of the limiting slip ring (36).

6. The multi-stage hemofiltration device for renal dialysis with optimized flow channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive gear (22) and transmission gear ring (23) decrease in size from top to bottom, and the filter cylinders (24) adjacent at the upper and lower ends are rotatably connected to each other. Each set of filter cylinders (24) has a fixed ring (39) fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall, and each set of filter cylinders (24) has a retaining ring (40) fixedly connected to the upper section. The adjacent fixed rings (39) and retaining rings (40) are interlocked.

7. A multi-stage hemofiltration device for kidney dialysis with optimized flow channels according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting slide (7) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper end cover (5), and multiple sets of exhaust holes are equidistantly opened on the upper circumference of the limiting slide (7). The end cap (9) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the upper section of the limiting slide (7). The sealing disc (13) and the float (14) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting slide (7). The upper diversion disc (17) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the upper section of the device body (1). Multiple diversion grooves are equidistantly opened on the upper circumference of the device body (1).

8. A multi-stage hemofiltration device for kidney dialysis with optimized flow channels according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the connecting ring (2) is provided with threads, and the inner walls of the upper end cover (5) and the lower end cover (37) are provided with threaded grooves. The connecting ring (2) is threadedly connected to the upper end cover (5) and the lower end cover (37) respectively. The bottom of the lower end cover (37) is set in a funnel shape.

9. A multi-stage hemofiltration device for kidney dialysis with optimized flow channels according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner side of the sealing ring (16) is set as an inclined surface, and the sealing guide ring (18) is set at the bottom of the upper diverter plate (17).

10. A multi-stage hemofiltration device for renal dialysis with optimized flow channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of each group of pawls (32) abuts against the outer wall of the ratchet ring (28), and the return springs (31) of each group are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter cylinder (24). The aperture of the filter unit (26) decreases from top to bottom, and is respectively set as a pretreatment filter unit, a precision filter unit and a deep adsorption filter unit.

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