A processing device for boring pipe production
By employing a composite welding method combining ultrasonic vibration, vertical vibration, oscillation, and rotational motion, along with a central control unit and inert gas protection, the problem of uneven weld structure and defects in the welding of bored tubes has been solved, achieving high-quality and stable welding results.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANDONG BEILIAN MASCH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing boring tube welding methods suffer from uneven weld structure, which easily leads to internal defects such as porosity and cracks, resulting in unstable joint mechanical properties. Furthermore, the lack of real-time sensing and feedback adjustment capabilities results in low welding quality.
By employing the deep integration and linkage of ultrasonic vibration, vertical vibration, oscillation and rotational motion, combined with a multi-sensor closed-loop collaborative control system of the central control unit, the welding process can be perceived and adaptively controlled in real time. Furthermore, through inert gas protection and precise heat input management, the consistency and high quality of weld formation are ensured.
It significantly improves the uniformity and density of the weld structure, enhances the mechanical properties of the joint, reduces forming defects such as incomplete penetration and undercut, increases the product qualification rate, and ensures the stability and reliability of the welding process.
Smart Images
Figure CN122142527A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding equipment technology, specifically to a processing device for boring tube production. Background Technology
[0002] With the increasing demand for high-performance tubular components in high-end equipment manufacturing, aerospace, precision instruments and other fields, the manufacturing quality of bored tubes, as a structural component with high-precision inner holes and excellent mechanical properties, directly affects the reliability and lifespan of the entire machine. Welding is a key process in the production of bored tubes, especially the quality of circumferential welds, which determines the product's sealing performance, pressure resistance and fatigue strength. Currently, the welding of bored tubes mainly employs traditional laser welding or gas-shielded welding methods. Existing technologies typically use a fixed or simply linearly moving welding torch in conjunction with a rotating workpiece for circumferential welding. However, these methods present the following technical challenges when welding bored tubes with high precision and high quality requirements: Traditional welding methods involve concentrated heat input and rapid solidification of the molten pool, which easily leads to the formation of coarse columnar crystals and the accumulation of impurities at grain boundaries. This results in increased weld brittleness and decreased toughness. At the same time, insufficient gas escape from the molten pool easily leads to porosity, and the concentration of welding stress can easily cause hot cracks. These internal defects severely weaken the strength, plasticity, and fatigue life of the welded joint. During the welding process, the workpiece inevitably has minor deformations, misalignment, or material inhomogeneity. Most existing equipment uses preset fixed parameters for welding and lacks the ability to perceive and adjust key information such as the state of the weld pool and the relative position of the welding torch in real time. This results in uneven weld width and penetration, and even defects such as incomplete penetration or burn-through, leading to a low product qualification rate. Based on this, the present invention provides a processing apparatus for boring tube production to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention
[0003] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a processing device for boring tube production to solve the problem that the weld structure of existing welding devices is uneven, and internal defects such as porosity and cracks are prone to occur, resulting in unstable mechanical properties of the joint.
[0004] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A processing device for boring tube production, comprising a frame and a central control unit, and further comprising: Two symmetrically arranged rotary clamps, each with an array of ultrasonic transducers and clamping a boring tube blank; The movable support is mounted on the machine frame in a dual-axis movable manner. The movable support is equipped with a vibration excitation component, and the vibration excitation component is connected to a vibration support frame that vibrates in the vertical direction of the boring tube blank. The amplitude of the vibration support frame is dynamically adjustable. A three-axis acceleration sensor connected to the central control unit is fixed on the vibration support frame. A swing gun seat is rotatably connected to the vibration support frame, and a laser welding gun is rotatably connected to the swing gun seat. CCD image sensors connected to the central control unit are installed on the movable support and at positions corresponding to both sides of the laser welding gun. The reciprocating swing assembly is used to drive the swing gun base to reciprocate at ±20°. Intermittent reciprocating rotary assembly is used to drive the laser welding torch to reciprocate at ±210° on the oscillating torch holder; The laser welding gun is fixedly equipped with a jet seat, and the bottom surface of the jet seat is arrayed with gas nozzles. The angle between the gas nozzles and the axis of the laser welding gun is 35°. The jet seat is rotatably connected to a rotary joint.
[0005] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.
[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotary fixture includes a rotating seat rotatably connected to the frame and a rotary motor fixedly mounted on the frame. A first synchronous belt is drivenly connected to the output shaft of the rotary motor. The rotating seat is drivenly connected to the first synchronous belt. Three electric clamps are arranged in an array on the rotating seat. The rotary fixture has three ultrasonic transducers, which are respectively fixedly mounted on the three electric clamps. The vibration direction of the ultrasonic transducers is perpendicular to the axis of the boring tube blank.
[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, an axial screw drive module is fixedly installed on the frame, an axial sliding seat is drivenly connected to the axial screw drive module, the movable bracket is slidably connected to the axial sliding seat, and a radial push rod is installed between the two.
[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, it also includes a machine base, wherein the frame is fixedly installed on the machine base, and a laser welding machine and an inert gas storage tank are respectively installed on the machine base. The port of the laser welding machine is connected to the laser welding gun through a cable, and the outlet port of the inert gas storage tank is connected to a rotary joint through a flexible hose. The central control unit is installed on the end face of the machine base.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vibration excitation assembly includes a servo motor fixedly mounted on a movable support and a prism shaft rotatably connected to the movable support. A second synchronous belt is driven through the output shaft of the servo motor, and the prism shaft is driven through the second synchronous belt. A linear drive module is fixedly mounted on the movable support, and an adjustment frame is driven through the linear drive module. A semi-conical drive column is rotatably connected to the adjustment frame, and the semi-conical drive column is driven by the prism shaft. An elastic drive frame is slidably connected to the vibration support frame, and an elastic preload assembly is arrayed between the two. An inclined drive bar is fixedly mounted on the elastic drive frame, and the inclined drive bar is in contact with the semi-conical drive column. Three return springs are installed between the vibration support frame and the movable support.
[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the axial position of the semi-conical transmission column is fixedly provided with a prismatic hole that is slidably connected to the prismatic shaft. The cross-section of the prismatic shaft and the prismatic hole are both regular hexagonal. The cross-section of the semi-conical transmission column is an isosceles trapezoid with a transmission cone surface on it. The transmission cone surface is in contact with the inclined transmission bar. The central angle corresponding to the transmission cone surface is 175°. Both the transmission cone surface and the inclined transmission bar are provided with knurled patterns.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reciprocating oscillating assembly includes two first sector gears rotatably connected to the vibration support frame. A left hinge shaft and a right hinge shaft are fixedly installed on both sides of the oscillating gun base, respectively. The right hinge shaft is rotatably connected to the vibration support frame, and a centering torsion spring is provided at the rotatable connection between the two. An oscillating gear is fixedly installed on the left hinge shaft. The two first sector gears are alternately meshed with the oscillating gear. A vibration compensation platform is slidably connected to the movable support. A compensation spring is installed on the bottom surface of the vibration compensation platform. The other end of the compensation spring is fixedly connected to the movable support. A vibration compensation wheel is rotatably connected to the vibration compensation platform. A third synchronous belt is driven through the prism shaft. The vibration compensation wheel and the two first sector gears are all driven through the third synchronous belt.
[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the intermittent reciprocating rotary assembly includes a gear sleeve rotatably sleeved on the right hinge shaft. The gear sleeve is rotatably connected to the vibration bearing frame via a bearing. The gear sleeve is driven by a third synchronous belt. A rotary tube is rotatably mounted on the swing gun base. Synchronous bevel gears are mounted on both the rotary tube and the gear sleeve. The two synchronous bevel gears mesh orthogonally. Two second sector gears are rotatably connected to the swing gun base. A fourth synchronous belt is driven by the rotary tube. Both second sector gears are driven by the fourth synchronous belt. A reciprocating rotary gear is fixedly mounted on the laser welding gun. The two second sector gears alternately mesh with the reciprocating rotary gear.
[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the two first sector gears are respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the oscillating gear, and the two second sector gears are respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the reciprocating gear. The center angles corresponding to the effective meshing tooth segments on the first sector gears and the second sector gears are both 150°, and the effective meshing tooth segments on the two first sector gears and the two second sector gears are all staggered by 180°.
[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, an electric heating platform is fixedly mounted on the axial shift seat, and an infrared thermometer is fixedly mounted on the machine base facing the boring tube blank. The data terminal of the infrared thermometer and the electronic control terminal of the electric heating platform are both connected to the central control unit.
[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention deeply integrates and links ultrasonic vibration, vertical vibration of the welding torch, oscillation, and rotation. The ultrasonic transducer, clamped on the blank, applies high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration perpendicular to the axis, which is transmitted to the boring tube blank through an electric caliper and acts on the welding area. This effectively breaks dendrites and promotes the formation of equiaxed crystals, thereby refining the weld structure. At the same time, the vibration support frame performs vertical vibration with dynamically adjustable amplitude under the drive of the vibration excitation component. In conjunction with the ultrasonic vibration, it further enhances the stirring effect on the molten pool and accelerates the upward escape of gas and impurities. This dual vibration mode of ultrasonic and vertical vibration, combined with the ±20° reciprocating oscillation of the oscillating torch holder to expand the molten pool laterally, constitutes a three-dimensional dynamic material processing field. It breaks the single directionality of the solidification of the traditional welding molten pool in space, significantly improves the uniformity and density of the structure, and reliably ensures the mechanical properties of the joint.
[0016] 2. This invention achieves real-time perception and adaptive precise control of the welding process, ensuring the consistency of weld formation and process stability. Addressing parameter mismatch issues caused by workpiece deformation and seam deviation during welding, this invention constructs a multi-sensor closed-loop collaborative control system centered on a central control unit. CCD image sensors on both sides of the laser welding torch capture the weld position and molten pool morphology in real time, while a triaxial accelerometer on the vibration support frame monitors vibration parameters in real time. The central control unit dynamically analyzes the welding state. Based on this, the system can adjust the amplitude of the vibration excitation component, the displacement stroke of the radial push rod, and the rotational speed of the rotating fixture in real time, compensating and correcting the preset trajectory and amplitude. This high-speed linkage between visual and vibration perception and vibration, displacement, and rotational execution enables the welding torch to intelligently adapt to dynamic working conditions, always maintaining the optimal working posture and energy input. This effectively avoids forming defects such as incomplete penetration, undercut, and humps, significantly improving the product qualification rate of the welding process. This contrasts sharply with existing technologies that rely on fixed parameters.
[0017] 3. This invention provides comprehensive and dynamic inert gas protection and precise heat input management, ensuring superior welding quality from both environmental and heat source perspectives. To solve the problem of uneven shielding gas coverage in circumferential welding, this invention enables the laser welding torch to rotate ±210° while simultaneously rotating its bottom jet seat and the gas nozzles arranged in a 35° angle array, thus forming a closed-loop annular gas curtain that rotates with the welding torch. This achieves dynamic protection of the molten pool without dead angles and with uniformity, greatly reducing oxidation and nitriding contamination. At the same time, the electric heating stage and infrared thermometer form a temperature closed loop under the control of the central control unit, achieving precise preheating and constant temperature control of the billet, smoothing the welding temperature gradient, and reducing thermal stress and deformation. The synergy between the rotating gas curtain protection and the closed-loop temperature control, combined with the aforementioned composite vibration stirring and intelligent trajectory control, constitutes a full-chain high-quality welding solution from microstructure control and macro process stabilization to external environment optimization. Compared with the single and static protection and heating methods in existing technologies, this invention demonstrates a high degree of system integration and creativity. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a machining apparatus for producing bored tubes; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the axial shifter and radial push rod. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the movable support and laser welding gun; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point A; Figure 6 for Figure 4 A magnified view of the structure at point B in the middle; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the laser welding gun and the linear drive module; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C in the middle; Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the vibration bearing frame and the elastic transmission frame; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the toothed sleeve and the spiral tube. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air nozzle and the reciprocating gear.
[0019] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Frame; 2. Central control unit; 3. Ultrasonic transducer; 4. Bored tube blank; 5. Moving support; 6. Vibration support frame; 7. Triaxial accelerometer; 8. Swinging gun holder; 9. Laser welding gun; 10. CCD image sensor; 11. Air jet holder; 12. Gas nozzle; 13. Rotary joint; 14. Rotary seat; 15. Rotary motor; 16. Electric caliper; 17. Axial screw drive module; 18. Axial shifter; 19. Radial push rod; 20. Machine base; 21. Laser welding machine; 22. Inert gas storage tank; 23. Servo 24. Motor; 25. Prism shaft; 26. Linear drive module; 27. Adjustment frame; 28. Semi-conical transmission column; 29. Elastic transmission frame; 30. Elastic preload assembly; 31. Inclined transmission bar; 32. Return spring; 33. First sector gear; 34. Left hinge shaft; 35. Right hinge shaft; 36. Centering torsion spring; 37. Swing gear; 38. Vibration compensation table; 39. Compensation spring; 40. Vibration compensation wheel; 41. Gear sleeve; 42. Rotary tube; 43. Second sector gear; 44. Reciprocating rotary gear; 45. Heating table; 46. Infrared thermometer. Detailed Implementation
[0020] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0021] The present invention provides the following preferred embodiments, such as Figure 1-11 As shown, a processing apparatus for boring tubes includes a frame 1 and a central control unit 2, and also includes a machine base 20. The frame 1 is fixedly installed on the machine base 20, and a laser welding machine 21 and an inert gas storage tank 22 are respectively installed on the machine base 20. Also includes: Two symmetrically arranged rotary clamps, each with an array of ultrasonic transducers 3 and clamping a boring tube blank 4; Before starting work, two rotating clamps are used to align and butt the two bored tube blanks 4. The rotary fixture includes a rotating seat 14 rotatably connected to the frame 1 and a rotary motor 15 fixedly mounted on the frame 1. A first synchronous belt is driven to the output shaft of the rotary motor 15. The rotating seat 14 is driven to the first synchronous belt. Three electric clamps 16 are arranged in an array on the rotating seat 14. The rotary fixture has three ultrasonic transducers 3, which are fixedly mounted on the three electric clamps 16 respectively. The vibration direction of the ultrasonic transducers 3 is perpendicular to the axis of the boring tube blank 4.
[0022] Three electric calipers 16 are arranged in an array to achieve stable clamping from three points around the circumference of the boring tube blank 4, ensuring the coaxiality and seam accuracy when the boring tube blank 4 is joined. The rotary motor 15 drives the rotating seat 14 to rotate via the first synchronous belt, which can drive the boring tube blank 4 to rotate synchronously, and cooperate with the welding action to realize the continuous processing of the annular weld. The ultrasonic transducer 3 applies high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration perpendicular to the axis of the boring tube blank 4. Through stress propagation, it acts on the welding area, which can effectively break the dendrite growth in the molten pool and promote the formation of equiaxed crystals, thereby refining the weld structure and improving the mechanical properties and crack resistance of the weld. At the same time, the high-frequency vibration can cause gas and impurities in the molten pool to float to the surface and precipitate, reducing porosity and slag inclusion defects.
[0023] During the welding process, ultrasonic vibration can generate a micro-amplitude reciprocating shearing effect on the materials on both sides of the joint, which helps the joint surfaces to fit together microscopically and improves the interfacial diffusion bonding ability. In addition, vibration can disperse thermal stress during the welding process, reduce residual stress concentration, and improve the fatigue life of the welded joint.
[0024] The ultrasonic transducer 3 is linked with the central control unit 2. It can dynamically adjust the vibration parameters based on the real-time data of the CCD image sensor 10 and the triaxial accelerometer 7, so as to achieve the matching optimization of vibration mode with welding speed and heat input. It is especially suitable for the welding process of high-precision, heterogeneous materials or thin-walled bored tube blanks 4.
[0025] The combination of ultrasonic vibration with the ±20° oscillation of the swing gun holder 8 and the ±210° reciprocating rotation of the laser welding gun 9 forms a composite welding trajectory of ultrasound, oscillation, and rotation, which can realize multi-dimensional energy input and material stirring of the weld, further improving the weld formation and microstructure uniformity.
[0026] The movable support 5 is mounted on the frame 1 in a dual-axis movable manner; An axial screw drive module 17 is fixedly installed on the frame 1. An axial sliding seat 18 is connected to the axial screw drive module 17. The movable bracket 5 is slidably connected to the axial sliding seat 18, and a radial push rod 19 is installed between the two.
[0027] The movable bracket 5 is slidably connected to the axial shift seat 18 and cooperates with the radial push rod 19, which can drive the laser welding gun 9 to flexibly adjust its position along the radial direction of the blank and accurately align it with the weld area; The dual-axis moving structure is controlled by the central control unit 2, which can achieve precise adjustment of the welding torch position, adapt to the welding operation of boring tube blanks 4 of different specifications, improve the accuracy of the weld position, avoid welding defects caused by welding torch deviation, and enhance the versatility and welding accuracy of the device. The movable support 5 is equipped with a vibration excitation component, and the vibration excitation component is connected to a vibration support frame 6 that vibrates in the vertical direction of the boring tube blank 4. The amplitude of the vibration support frame 6 is dynamically adjustable, and a triaxial acceleration sensor 7 that is connected to the central control unit 2 is fixed on the vibration support frame 6. The vibration excitation assembly includes a servo motor 23 fixed on the movable support 5 and a prism shaft 24 rotatably connected to the movable support 5. A second synchronous belt is driven to the output shaft of the servo motor 23, and the prism shaft 24 is driven to the second synchronous belt. A linear drive module 25 is fixed on the movable support 5. An adjustment frame 26 is driven to the linear drive module 25. A semi-cone drive column 27 is rotatably connected to the adjustment frame 26. The semi-cone drive column 27 is driven by the prism shaft 24. An elastic drive frame 28 is slidably connected to the vibration bearing frame 6, and an elastic preload assembly 29 is arrayed between the two. The elastic pretensioning assembly 29 includes a T-shaped pretensioning rod fixed on the elastic transmission frame 28. The T-shaped pretensioning rod is slidably connected to the vibration bearing frame 6. A pretensioning spring is sleeved on the T-shaped pretensioning rod at a position corresponding to the position between the elastic transmission frame 28 and the vibration bearing frame 6. An inclined transmission bar 30 is fixedly installed on the elastic transmission frame 28. The inclined transmission bar 30 is in contact with the semi-conical transmission column 27. Three return springs 31 are installed between the vibration bearing frame 6 and the movable support 5.
[0028] The axial position of the semi-conical transmission column 27 is fixedly provided with a prism hole that is slidably connected to the prism shaft 24. The cross-sections of the prism shaft 24 and the prism hole are both regular hexagonal, and the cross-section of the semi-conical transmission column 27 is an isosceles trapezoid with a transmission cone surface on it. The transmission cone surface abuts against the inclined transmission bar 30. The central angle corresponding to the transmission cone surface is 175°. Both the transmission cone surface and the inclined transmission bar 30 are provided with knurled patterns. The servo motor 23 drives the regular hexagonal prism shaft 24 to rotate through the second synchronous belt. The prism shaft 24 slides with the regular hexagonal prism hole of the half-cone transmission column 27 to ensure stable power transmission while allowing the half-cone transmission column 27 to move axially along the prism shaft 24. The linear drive module 25 drives the adjustment frame 26 to move, which can change the contact position between the semi-cone transmission column 27 and the inclined transmission bar 30, thereby dynamically adjusting the vibration amplitude of the vibration bearing frame 6. With the real-time data feedback from the triaxial acceleration sensor 7, the central control unit 2 can accurately control the amplitude parameters to adapt to the needs of different welding stages. The transmission cone surface of the semi-conical transmission column 27 contacts the knurled pattern of the inclined transmission bar 30, increasing the transmission friction and avoiding vibration instability caused by relative sliding. The elastic pre-tightening component 29 and three return springs 31 between the elastic transmission frame 28 and the vibration bearing frame 6 ensure that the vibration bearing frame 6 quickly returns to its original position after vibration, forming a stable vertical vibration. A swing gun seat 8 is rotatably connected to the vibration support frame 6, and a laser welding gun 9 is rotatably connected to the swing gun seat 8. The port of the laser welding machine 21 is connected to the laser welding gun 9 via a cable. CCD image sensors 10 that are connected to the central control unit 2 are installed on the movable bracket 5 at positions corresponding to both sides of the laser welding gun 9. During operation, the central control unit 2 dynamically adjusts the amplitude of the vibration support frame 6 based on data feedback from two CCD image sensors 10 and a triaxial accelerometer 7, as well as the welding process. During welding, the central control unit 2 dynamically adjusts the displacement stroke of the radial push rod 19 based on the data feedback from the two CCD image sensors 10 and the triaxial accelerometer 7, and performs dynamic amplitude compensation between the preset amplitude and the real-time amplitude. The radial push rod 19 integrates an encoder connected to the central control unit 2 to precisely control the displacement stroke and displacement direction of the radial push rod 19; The CCD image sensors 10 on both sides of the laser welding gun 9 acquire images of the weld area in real time, accurately capturing the weld position and molten pool shape information. The triaxial accelerometer 7 monitors the vibration parameters of the vibration support frame 6 in real time, and the data from both are transmitted synchronously to the central control unit 2. Based on feedback data, the central control unit 2 dynamically adjusts the amplitude of the vibration excitation component to ensure that the amplitude is always within the optimal range during the welding process. At the same time, the encoder of the radial push rod 19 precisely controls the displacement stroke and direction to achieve dynamic compensation between the preset amplitude and the real-time amplitude and precise correction of the radial position of the welding torch. This closed-loop control mechanism can respond in real time to sudden situations such as blank deformation and vibration displacement during the welding process, adjust the welding torch status in a timely manner, avoid welding quality problems caused by parameter deviations, significantly improve the consistency and reliability of the weld, and reduce the cost of manual intervention. The reciprocating swing assembly is used to drive the swing gun base 8 to reciprocate at ±20°. The reciprocating swing assembly includes two first sector gears 32 rotatably connected to the vibration support frame 6. A left hinge shaft 33 and a right hinge shaft 34 are fixedly installed on both sides of the swing gun base 8. The right hinge shaft 34 is rotatably connected to the vibration support frame 6, and a centering torsion spring 35 is provided at the rotatable connection between the two. A swing gear 36 is fixedly installed on the left hinge shaft 33. The two first sector gears 32 are alternately meshed with the swing gear 36. The two first sector gears 32 are respectively set on the left and right sides of the oscillating gear 36; A vibration compensation platform 37 is slidably connected to the movable support 5. A compensation spring 38 is installed on the bottom surface of the vibration compensation platform 37. The other end of the compensation spring 38 is fixedly connected to the movable support 5. A vibration compensation wheel 39 is rotatably connected to the vibration compensation platform 37. A third synchronous belt is driven to the prism shaft 24. The vibration compensation wheel 39 and the two first sector gears 32 are all driven to the third synchronous belt.
[0029] The prism 24 drives the vibration compensation wheel 39 and the two first sector gears 32 to rotate via the third synchronous belt. The vibration compensation table 37 cooperates with the compensation spring 38 to offset part of the error caused by vibration transmission and ensure the stability of gear transmission. Two first sector gears 32 are respectively set on the left and right sides of the swing gear 36, and the effective meshing tooth segments are staggered by 180°. When rotating, they alternately mesh with the swing gear 36. With the reset action of the centering torsion spring 35, the swing gun base 8 is driven to achieve ±20° reciprocating swing. This oscillating motion causes the welding trajectory of the laser welding gun 9 to cover the weld area in a fan shape, increasing the effective coverage area of the molten pool, ensuring sufficient fusion on both sides of the weld, and avoiding incomplete penetration defects. The centering torsion spring 35 enables the swing gun holder 8 to quickly return to center during the non-engaging phase, ensuring the accuracy of the swing angle. The design of the vibration compensation wheel 39 and the compensation spring 38 reduces the impact of vibration on the gear transmission, improves the smoothness of the swing action, and further optimizes the forming quality of the weld. An intermittent reciprocating rotary assembly is used to drive the laser welding gun 9 to reciprocate at ±210° on the oscillating gun holder 8; The intermittent reciprocating rotary assembly includes a gear sleeve 40 rotatably mounted on the right hinge shaft 34. The gear sleeve 40 is rotatably connected to the vibration support frame 6 via a bearing. The gear sleeve 40 is connected to the third synchronous belt. A rotary tube 41 is rotatably mounted on the swing gun base 8. Synchronous bevel gears are mounted on both the rotary tube 41 and the gear sleeve 40. The two synchronous bevel gears mesh orthogonally. Two second sector gears 42 are rotatably connected to the swing gun base 8. A fourth synchronous belt is connected to the rotary tube 41. Both second sector gears 42 are connected to the fourth synchronous belt. A reciprocating rotary gear 43 is fixedly mounted on the laser welding gun 9. The two second sector gears 42 alternately mesh with the reciprocating rotary gear 43. Two second sector gears 42 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the reciprocating helical gear 43. The center angles corresponding to the effective meshing tooth segments on the first sector gear 32 and the second sector gear 42 are both 150°. The effective meshing tooth segments on the two first sector gears 32 and the effective meshing tooth segments on the two second sector gears 42 are all staggered by 180°. The third synchronous belt drives the gear sleeve 40 to rotate, and transmits power to the rotary tube 41 through two orthogonally meshing synchronous bevel gears. The rotary tube 41 drives the two second sector gears 42 to rotate via the fourth synchronous belt. Two second sector gears 42 are respectively set on the left and right sides of the reciprocating spiral gear 43. The effective meshing tooth segments are offset by 180° and the center angle is 150°. They alternately mesh with the reciprocating spiral gear 43, driving the laser welding gun 9 to achieve ±210° intermittent reciprocating rotation around its axis. A jet holder 11 is fixedly mounted on the laser welding gun 9. Gas nozzles 12 are arrayed on the bottom surface of the jet holder 11. The angle between the gas nozzles 12 and the axis of the laser welding gun 9 is 35°. A rotary joint 13 is rotatably connected to the jet holder 11. The outlet port of the inert gas storage tank 22 is connected to the rotary joint 13 through a flexible hose. The central control unit 2 is installed on the end face of the machine base 20.
[0030] An electric heating table 44 is fixedly mounted on the axial shifter 18, and an infrared thermometer 45 is fixedly mounted on the machine base 20 facing the boring tube blank 4. The data terminal of the infrared thermometer 45 and the electrical control terminal of the electric heating table 44 are both connected to the central control unit 2.
[0031] The gas nozzles 12, which are arrayed on the bottom surface of the jet holder 11, are at a 35° angle to the axis of the laser welding gun 9. The inert gas storage tank 22 delivers inert gas to the gas nozzles 12 through a flexible hose and a rotary joint 13, forming an annular protective airflow. This angle design allows the inert gas to precisely cover the laser welding area and the molten pool, effectively isolating the air and preventing the molten metal in the pool from reacting with oxygen, nitrogen, etc. to produce impurities such as oxides and nitrides. This avoids defects such as porosity and slag inclusions in the weld and improves the chemical stability and mechanical properties of the weld. The rotary joint 13 ensures that the inert gas delivery is not affected when the jet seat 11 rotates with the laser welding gun 9, thus guaranteeing the continuity and stability of the protective gas flow. The array-type gas nozzle 12 ensures uniform distribution of protective gas and a wider coverage area, further enhancing the protective effect and providing a guarantee for the formation of high-quality welds; The electric heating table 44 preheats the boring tube blank 4 before welding to reduce the temperature gradient during welding, reduce thermal stress, and prevent deformation or cracking of the blank due to excessive temperature difference. During the welding process, the electric heating table 44 continuously provides stable heat to maintain the billet temperature within a reasonable range, ensuring stable formation of the molten pool and improving the weld fusion quality; The infrared thermometer 45 monitors the billet temperature in real time and transmits the data to the central control unit 2. The central control unit 2 precisely adjusts the heating power of the electric heating table 44 according to the preset temperature parameters to achieve closed-loop control of the billet temperature. This temperature control system can adapt to boring tube blanks of different materials and thicknesses, avoiding blank burn-out due to excessively high temperature or welding defects due to excessively low temperature, ensuring the stability and consistency of the welding process, and further improving the quality and reliability of the finished boring tube.
[0032] Vertical vibrations provide activation and stress dissipation for micromaterials; The oscillation extends the transverse fusion range of the weld; When the laser welding torch 9 rotates around its own axis, the air jet seat 11, which is fixed to the torch body, rotates synchronously. Combined with the 35° angle design between the gas nozzle 12 and the welding torch axis, a closed-loop annular air curtain is formed. Compared to the localized protection of the fixed gas nozzle 12, the rotating gas curtain can uniformly wrap the inert gas around the entire circumference of the molten pool, avoiding blind spots in the circumferential direction of the weld and significantly reducing oxide inclusions and nitrogen porosity. The airflow disturbance generated by the rotation can blow away the spatter on the surface of the molten pool, avoiding the laser attenuation caused by spatter adhering to the welding torch nozzle, extending the nozzle's service life, and ensuring the stability of the laser output power. The combination of these three factors forms a dynamic thermal field in three-dimensional space, which significantly improves energy utilization and welding stability.
[0033] In a unidirectional revolution, the relative motion direction of the protective airflow is fixed, and a wake region is easily formed downstream of the airflow. The gas coverage thickness and flow velocity in this region are relatively weakened, becoming a potential risk point for oxidation and pollution. The reciprocating revolution of this scheme causes the gas nozzle 12 to periodically change its circumferential movement direction, which is equivalent to covering the molten pool and high-temperature weld area with bidirectional cross-flow. This dynamic scanning mode ensures that any point on the circumference can receive uniform and abundant inert gas protection from different directions within a unit of time, effectively solving the problem of circumferential performance differences in welds caused by uneven protection in circumferential welding and significantly improving the reliability of protection.
[0034] Secondly, the reciprocating revolution and the laser welding process produce a unique synergistic effect in fluid dynamics, which optimizes the molten pool environment and weld formation. The gas shear force generated on the surface of the molten pool by the unidirectional revolution is constant, which may cause the liquid metal in the molten pool to flow in a directional manner, which is not conducive to the homogenization of composition. The periodic reversing airflow brought about by the reciprocating revolution forms an alternating shear force field on the surface of the molten pool. This alternating force field can more effectively disturb the surface of the molten pool, on the one hand promoting the escape of dissolved gases and the floating of inclusions, and on the other hand working together with the oscillation of the laser welding gun 9 and ultrasonic vibration to achieve more thorough and three-dimensional stirring inside the molten pool, further refining the grains and reducing porosity and slag inclusion defects, thereby improving the internal quality of the weld at the metallurgical level.
[0035] The specific steps for using this invention are as follows: First, two sections of bored tube blanks 4 are clamped by two symmetrically arranged rotating clamps, and high-frequency vibration perpendicular to the axis of the blank is applied by the ultrasonic transducer 3 on them to promote the micro-adhesion of the material, refine the weld structure and reduce welding defects. Next, the movable support 5 moves along the axial and radial axes on the frame 1, driving the vibration excitation component to make the vibration bearing frame 6 vibrate in the vertical direction. The amplitude can be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time data of the triaxial accelerometer 7 and the CCD image sensor 10 to achieve the matching and optimization of vibration parameters and welding process. Meanwhile, the swing gun holder 8 swings back and forth at ±20° under the drive of the reciprocating swing assembly, expanding the transverse fusion range of the weld. The laser welding gun 9 rotates back and forth around its own axis at ±210° under the drive of the intermittent reciprocating rotation assembly. Together with the inert gas sprayed from the jet holder 11 array below it, which forms a rotating protective gas curtain at a 35° angle with the gun axis, it effectively isolates the air and uniformly protects the molten pool. Throughout the welding process, the electric heating table 44 preheats and controls the constant temperature of the blank, and the infrared thermometer 45 monitors the temperature in real time and feeds it back to the central control unit 2 to achieve closed-loop regulation of welding heat input. Finally, through the combined action of ultrasonic vibration, welding torch oscillation and rotation, high-quality, low-defect boring tube circumferential weld is completed.
[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A processing apparatus for boring tubes, comprising a frame (1) and a central control unit (2), characterized in that, Also includes: Two symmetrically arranged rotating clamps are provided, each with an array of ultrasonic transducers (3) and a boring tube blank (4) clamped on it. The movable support (5) is mounted on the frame (1) in a dual-axis movable manner. The movable support (5) is equipped with a vibration excitation component. The vibration excitation component is connected to a vibration bearing frame (6) that vibrates in the vertical direction of the boring tube blank (4). The amplitude of the vibration bearing frame (6) is dynamically adjustable. A three-axis acceleration sensor (7) that is data-connected to the central control unit (2) is fixed on the vibration bearing frame (6). A swing gun seat (8) is rotatably connected to the vibration bearing frame (6). A laser welding gun (9) is rotatably connected to the swing gun seat (8). CCD image sensors (10) that are data-connected to the central control unit (2) are installed on the movable support (5) and at positions corresponding to both sides of the laser welding gun (9). The reciprocating swing assembly is used to drive the swing gun base (8) to reciprocate at ±20°. Intermittent reciprocating rotation assembly is used to drive the laser welding gun (9) to reciprocate at ±210° on the swing gun holder (8); A jet seat (11) is fixed on the laser welding gun (9). Gas nozzles (12) are arrayed on the bottom surface of the jet seat (11). The angle between the gas nozzles (12) and the axis of the laser welding gun (9) is 35°. A rotary joint (13) is rotatably connected to the jet seat (11).
2. The processing apparatus for boring tube production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary fixture includes a rotating seat (14) rotatably connected to the frame (1) and a rotary motor (15) fixedly mounted on the frame (1). A first synchronous belt is driven to the output shaft of the rotary motor (15). The rotating seat (14) is driven to the first synchronous belt. Three electric clamps (16) are arranged in an array on the rotating seat (14). The rotary fixture has three ultrasonic transducers (3). The three ultrasonic transducers (3) are fixedly mounted on the three electric clamps (16). The vibration direction of the ultrasonic transducers (3) is perpendicular to the axis of the boring tube blank (4).
3. The processing apparatus for boring tube production according to claim 2, characterized in that, An axial screw drive module (17) is fixedly installed on the frame (1). An axial sliding seat (18) is connected to the axial screw drive module (17). The movable bracket (5) is slidably connected to the axial sliding seat (18), and a radial push rod (19) is installed between the two.
4. The processing apparatus for boring tube production according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a machine base (20), the frame (1) is fixedly installed on the machine base (20), a laser welding machine (21) and an inert gas storage tank (22) are respectively installed on the machine base (20), the port of the laser welding machine (21) is connected to the laser welding gun (9) through a cable, and the outlet port of the inert gas storage tank (22) is connected to the rotary joint (13) through a flexible hose. The central control unit (2) is installed on the end face of the machine base (20).
5. The processing apparatus for boring tube production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration excitation assembly includes a servo motor (23) fixed on the movable bracket (5) and a prism shaft (24) rotatably connected to the movable bracket (5). A second synchronous belt is driven on the output shaft of the servo motor (23). The prism shaft (24) is driven on the second synchronous belt. A linear drive module (25) is fixed on the movable bracket (5). An adjustment frame (26) is driven on the linear drive module (25). A semi-cone drive column (27) is rotatably connected on the adjustment frame (26). The semi-cone drive column (27) is driven by the prism shaft (24). An elastic drive frame (28) is slidably connected on the vibration support frame (6). An elastic preload assembly (29) is installed between the two. An oblique drive bar (30) is fixedly installed on the elastic drive frame (28). The oblique drive bar (30) is in contact with the semi-cone drive column (27). Three return springs (31) are installed between the vibration support frame (6) and the movable bracket (5).
6. The processing apparatus for boring tube production according to claim 5, characterized in that, The axial position of the semi-conical transmission column (27) is fixedly provided with a prism hole that is slidably connected to the prism shaft (24). The cross-sections of the prism shaft (24) and the prism hole are both regular hexagons. The cross-section of the semi-conical transmission column (27) is an isosceles trapezoid with a transmission cone surface. The transmission cone surface is in contact with the inclined transmission bar (30). The central angle corresponding to the transmission cone surface is 175°. Both the transmission cone surface and the inclined transmission bar (30) are provided with knurled patterns.
7. The processing apparatus for boring tube production according to claim 6, characterized in that, The reciprocating oscillating assembly includes two first sector gears (32) rotatably connected to the vibration support frame (6). The two sides of the oscillating gun base (8) are respectively fixedly installed with a left hinge shaft (33) and a right hinge shaft (34). The right hinge shaft (34) is rotatably connected to the vibration support frame (6), and a centering torsion spring (35) is provided at the rotatable connection between the two. An oscillating gear (36) is fixedly installed on the left hinge shaft (33). The two first sector gears (32) are alternately meshed with the oscillating gear (36). A vibration compensation platform (37) is slidably connected to the moving bracket (5). A compensation spring (38) is installed on the bottom surface of the vibration compensation platform (37). The other end of the compensation spring (38) is fixedly connected to the moving bracket (5). A vibration compensation wheel (39) is rotatably connected to the vibration compensation platform (37). A third synchronous belt is drivenly connected to the prism shaft (24). The vibration compensation wheel (39) and the two first sector gears (32) are all drivenly connected to the third synchronous belt.
8. The processing apparatus for boring tube production according to claim 7, characterized in that, The intermittent reciprocating rotary assembly includes a gear sleeve (40) rotatably mounted on the right hinge shaft (34). The gear sleeve (40) is rotatably connected to the vibration support frame (6) via a bearing. The gear sleeve (40) is connected to the third synchronous belt. A rotary tube (41) is rotatably mounted on the swing gun base (8). Synchronous bevel gears are mounted on both the rotary tube (41) and the gear sleeve (40). The two synchronous bevel gears mesh orthogonally. Two second sector gears (42) are rotatably connected on the swing gun base (8). A fourth synchronous belt is connected to the rotary tube (41). The two second sector gears (42) are connected to the fourth synchronous belt. A reciprocating rotary gear (43) is fixedly mounted on the laser welding gun (9). The two second sector gears (42) alternately mesh with the reciprocating rotary gear (43).
9. A processing apparatus for boring tube production according to claim 8, characterized in that, Two first sector gears (32) are respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the oscillating gear (36), and two second sector gears (42) are respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the reciprocating helical gear (43). The center angles corresponding to the effective meshing tooth segments on the first sector gear (32) and the second sector gear (42) are both 150°. The effective meshing tooth segments on the two first sector gears (32) and the effective meshing tooth segments on the two second sector gears (42) are all staggered by 180°.
10. A processing apparatus for boring tube production according to claim 4, characterized in that, An electric heating platform (44) is fixedly mounted on the axial shift seat (18), and an infrared thermometer (45) is fixedly mounted on the machine base (20) facing the boring tube blank (4). The data terminal of the infrared thermometer (45) and the electrical control terminal of the electric heating platform (44) are both connected to the central control unit (2).