A surgical simulation device for cardiothoracic surgery teaching
By designing gravity rollers and movable grooves, the gravity displacement and morphological changes of organs under different body positions are simulated, solving the problem of unrealistic organ models in existing devices, and realizing the stable removal of organ packages from the surgical simulation device and efficient teaching.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- FOURTH MILITARY MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing thoracic surgery simulation devices cannot produce the same gravitational displacement and morphological changes as real human bodies when simulating different surgical positions. This results in insufficient realism and immersion in teaching. Furthermore, the organ pack is prone to shaking or rotating during removal, affecting teaching efficiency and device lifespan.
Gravity rollers are used to simulate the gravity displacement of organs, and the posture is automatically switched through the movable groove. An integrated adjustment unit realizes the integration of angle adjustment and removal guidance, ensuring the stability of the organ package during tilt adjustment and removal.
It significantly enhances the realism and immersion of surgical teaching, avoids shaking and displacement of the organ pack during removal, and improves teaching efficiency and the applicability of the device.
Smart Images
Figure CN122157542A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical teaching equipment technology, specifically relating to a surgical simulation device for thoracic surgery teaching. Background Technology
[0002] Thoracic surgery teaching demands a high degree of realism and simulation accuracy in the operating environment, especially the gravitational displacement and morphological changes of intrathoracic organs under different body positions, which are key physiological characteristics that trainees must master. Most existing surgical simulation devices used for thoracic surgery teaching employ fixed structures or simple mechanical adjustments, and mainly suffer from the following technical problems: The organ simulation components of existing devices are typically fixedly connected to the outer shell or use only simple flexible padding. When the device is tilted to simulate different surgical positions, the organ models cannot produce the same gravitational displacement and morphological changes as the real human body. When trainees practice surgical procedures in different positions such as lateral and prone, they cannot observe the relative positional changes of organs due to gravity, resulting in insufficient realism and immersion in the teaching, and failing to meet the actual needs of thoracic surgery skill training.
[0003] In existing devices, organ packs or simulated organs are typically placed directly inside the outer shell, requiring the entire simulated section to be pulled out for replacement. However, existing devices lack effective removal guidance and support structures, making the organ pack prone to shaking, tilting, or rotating during removal. This not only leads to displacement or even damage of the internal simulated tissues but also inconveniences for teaching observation and rapid replacement. While some devices have simple pull-out mechanisms, they cannot maintain the stable posture of the organ pack during removal, affecting teaching efficiency and the device's lifespan.
[0004] The existing devices have a relatively dispersed functional structure, with the angle adjustment mechanism and the guide mechanism usually set up independently, resulting in a complex overall structure and large size. They require multiple adjustments during operation, making them inconvenient to use. At the same time, the angle adjustment mechanism mostly adopts a simple hinge structure, which has low adjustment accuracy, makes it difficult to achieve smooth and continuous tilt adjustment, and lacks a reliable locking mechanism, making it prone to shaking during operation. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a surgical simulation device for thoracic surgery teaching, which can simulate the gravity displacement of organs through gravity rollers to enhance the realism of teaching; achieve automatic posture switching through movable grooves to ensure smooth removal; and achieve integrated angle adjustment and removal guidance through an integrated adjustment unit, which is compact in structure and easy to operate.
[0006] The specific technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: A surgical simulation device for thoracic surgery teaching includes a mounting base, an adjustment part on the upper part of the mounting base, and a simulation part inside the adjustment part. The adjustment part can adjust the horizontal tilt of the simulation part and also provide guidance and support during the removal of the simulation part. The simulation unit includes a docking seat, a housing, an organ package, and a gravity roller. The docking seat is fixedly connected to the sliding part inside the adjustment unit, the housing is fixedly connected to the rotating part of the adjustment unit, and the gravity roller is disposed inside the docking seat.
[0007] In a preferred embodiment, a counterweight is fixedly provided at the upper end of the gravity roller, the counterweight being in contact with the interior of the organ package, and a rotating shaft is provided at the lower end of the gravity roller, the rotating shaft being slidably connected to the interior of the docking seat.
[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the docking seat has an internal movable groove, which includes a connected swing section and a positioning section. The swing section is fan-shaped to provide swing space for the rotating shaft. The positioning section is horizontal and has vertical guide grooves at both ends. The rotating shaft is slidably connected to the guide grooves. A guide ramp is provided at the connection between the swing section and the positioning section of the movable groove to guide the rotating shaft from the swing section into the positioning section.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the outer surface of the counterweight is an arc-shaped curved surface, and the counterweight fits against the inner wall of the organ pack.
[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the overall shape of the outer shell is adapted to the contour of the human chest, and its interior has a cavity for accommodating organ packs.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the organ package is made of a flexible, transparent material, and the interior of the organ package is filled with simulated tissue that mimics human thoracic organs.
[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the adjusting part includes a rotating frame, a guide frame, a fixed block, a fixed shaft, a sliding rod, a sliding seat, and a driven seat. One end of the rotating frame is rotatably connected to the mounting base, and the rotating frame is fixedly connected to the outer shell. The lower end of the guide frame is fixedly connected to the mounting base, and the interior of the upper end of the guide frame is slidably connected to the other end of the rotating frame. The fixed block is rotatably disposed at the other end of the rotating frame and contacts the upper end of the guide frame. The fixed shaft is threadedly installed at the other end of the rotating frame and can press the fixed block to make the fixed block and the guide frame in close contact. One end of the sliding rod is fixedly disposed inside the rotating frame. The interior of one end of the sliding seat is slidably connected to the outer edge of the sliding rod. The driven seat is slidably disposed at the other end of the sliding seat, and the upper end of the driven seat is inserted and fixedly connected to the mating seat.
[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the upper end of the guide frame is provided with an arc-shaped guide groove, and the interior of the guide groove is slidably connected to the fixed block.
[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the sliding seat has a guide rail inside, and the inside of the guide rail is slidably connected to the driven seat.
[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the sliding rod is provided with a positioning groove along the axial direction, and the sliding seat and the driven seat are provided with elastic positioning elements that cooperate with the positioning groove. The elastic positioning elements are used to lock the axial position of the sliding seat and the driven seat on the sliding rod.
[0016] The technical effects achieved by this invention are as follows: This invention employs a gravity roller and counterweight structure. The gravity roller is slidably connected to the docking seat via a rotating shaft. When the device is adjusted to be tilted horizontally, the counterweight always maintains a vertical downward trend under the action of gravity and generates relative displacement inside the organ package. This causes the simulated tissue inside the organ package to undergo gravity displacement and morphological changes consistent with the real human body as it tilts, significantly enhancing the physiological realism and immersion when changing body position in surgical teaching. This invention employs a movable groove inside the docking seat, dividing the groove into a fan-shaped swing section and a horizontal positioning section, with a guide ramp at the connection point. During normal teaching tilting, the rotating shaft swings freely within the swing section, simulating the gravitational displacement of an organ. When the simulated part moves out, the guide ramp guides the rotating shaft smoothly into the positioning section, where it is locked by a vertical guide groove to move only horizontally, keeping the gravity roller vertical and ensuring the organ package moves out smoothly. This effectively avoids the shaking and displacement of the internal simulated tissue, achieving automatic posture switching and smooth and reliable movement. This invention employs an integrated adjustment unit that achieves precise angle adjustment and locking through a rotating frame, guide frame, and arc-shaped guide groove. A two-stage sliding guide structure is formed by a sliding rod, sliding seat, and driven seat, with a positioning groove on the sliding rod engaging with an elastic positioning element to achieve multi-position locking. This structure highly integrates angle adjustment and retraction guidance functions, ensuring precise movement trajectory and stable support for the simulation unit during tilting and retraction. The overall structure is compact and easy to operate, guaranteeing the realism of the simulation while improving teaching efficiency and the applicability of the device. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall opening of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an overall side sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 Schematic diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the simulation section of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the docking seat according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the adjustment section according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a top cross-sectional view of the rotating frame, sliding seat, and driven seat according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 Schematic diagram at point B in the middle.
[0018] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Mounting base; 2. Adjustment unit; 201. Rotating frame; 202. Guide frame; 203. Fixing block; 204. Fixing shaft; 205. Sliding rod; 206. Sliding seat; 2061. Guide slide rail; 207. Driven seat; 3. Simulation unit; 301. Docking seat; 3011. Swing section; 3012. Positioning section; 302. Outer shell; 303. Organ package; 304. Gravity roller; 3041. Counterweight; 3042. Rotating shaft. Detailed Implementation
[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0020] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0021] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in a preferred embodiment" appearing in different places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that mutually excludes other embodiments.
[0022] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of the present invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not according to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, actual fabrication should include three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth.
[0023] Please see Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the present invention provides a surgical simulation device for thoracic surgery teaching, including a mounting base 1, an adjustment part 2 is provided on the upper part of the mounting base 1, and a simulation part 3 is provided inside the adjustment part 2. The adjustment part 2 can adjust the horizontal tilt of the simulation part 3, and can also provide guidance and support during the movement of the simulation part 3. The simulation unit 3 includes a docking seat 301, a housing 302, an organ package 303, and a gravity roller 304. The docking seat 301 is fixedly connected to the sliding part inside the adjustment unit 2, the housing 302 is fixedly connected to the rotating part of the adjustment unit 2, and the gravity roller 304 is disposed inside the docking seat 301.
[0024] Specifically, in the initial state, the simulation unit 3 is located inside the adjustment unit 2, and the gravity roller 304 is set inside the docking seat 301. Under the action of gravity, it hangs down naturally and contacts the organ package 303, so that the organ package 303 remains in a natural hanging state. When teaching thoracic surgery, the operator can adjust the horizontal tilt of the simulation unit 3 using the adjustment unit 2. The rotating part of the adjustment unit 2 causes the outer shell 302 and the internal organ package 303 to tilt together. At this time, the gravity roller 304 set inside the docking seat 301 moves relative to the tilted outer shell 302 under the action of gravity, simulating the gravitational displacement of organs in the real human body as the body position changes, so that the simulated tissues in the organ package 303 present a more realistic morphological change. When it is necessary to replace the organ pack 303 or observe its internal structure, the operator pulls the simulation unit 3 outward. During the removal process, the sliding part, which is fixedly connected to the docking seat 301, moves outward along the guide structure inside the adjustment unit 2. The adjustment unit 2 provides precise guidance and stable support for the removal process of the simulation unit 3, ensuring that the organ pack 303 is removed smoothly, which is convenient for teaching demonstrations and subsequent operations.
[0025] The horizontal tilt adjustment of the simulation unit 3 by the adjustment unit 2 can simulate various surgical approaches and positioning requirements. During the adjustment process, the gravity roller 304 moves freely within the docking seat 301, causing the organ pack 303 to undergo gravitational displacement consistent with the real human body as it tilts, significantly enhancing the realism and immersion of surgical teaching. Simultaneously, the adjustment unit 2 integrates adjustment and removal guidance functions, providing precise guidance and stable support during the removal of the simulation unit 3, ensuring the smooth removal of the organ pack 303 and preventing displacement or damage to the internal simulated tissues. This facilitates teaching observation and rapid replacement. Its overall structure is compact and easy to operate, ensuring both the realism of the simulation and improving teaching efficiency and the applicability of the device.
[0026] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 As shown, a counterweight 3041 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the gravity roller 304, and the counterweight 3041 is in contact with the inside of the organ package 303. A rotating shaft 3042 is installed at the lower end of the gravity roller 304, and the rotating shaft 3042 is slidably connected to the inside of the docking seat 301. In the initial state, the gravity roller 304 is slidably connected to the docking seat 301 through the rotating shaft 3042 at the lower end, and hangs down naturally under the action of gravity; the counterweight block 3041 at its upper end is in contact with the inside of the organ package 303, so that the organ package 303 remains in a natural hanging state.
[0027] When the outer shell 302 is tilted horizontally by the adjustment part 2, the organ pack 303 connected to the outer shell 302 tilts accordingly. At this time, the rotating shaft 3042 at the lower end of the gravity roller 304 slides inside the docking seat 301, causing the gravity roller 304 as a whole to swing freely relative to the tilted outer shell 302; the counterweight 3041 at the upper end always maintains a vertical downward trend under the action of gravity and generates relative displacement inside the organ pack 303, thereby simulating the gravity displacement and morphological changes of real human organs as body position changes; The counterweight 3041 exerts gravity, causing the simulated tissues inside the organ pouch 303 to undergo gravitational displacement similar to that of a real human body when the device is tilted. This significantly enhances the physiological realism of changes in body position during surgical teaching. Simultaneously, the gravity roller 304 slides freely within the docking seat 301 via its rotating shaft 3042, automatically adapting to various tilt angles of the outer shell 302 without requiring an additional power source. Furthermore, the direct contact between the counterweight 3041 and the inside of the organ pouch 303 ensures a more uniform and realistic distribution of gravity in the simulated organs, effectively improving the tactile and visual simulation.
[0028] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the docking seat 301 has a movable groove inside, which includes a connected swing section 3011 and a positioning section 3012. The swing section 3011 is fan-shaped, providing swing space for the rotating shaft 3042. The positioning section 3012 is horizontal, and its two ends are provided with vertical guide grooves. The rotating shaft 3042 is slidably connected to the guide grooves. The connection between the swing section 3011 and the positioning section 3012 of the movable groove is provided with a guide slope, which is used to guide the rotating shaft 3042 from the swing section 3011 into the positioning section 3012. In the initial state, the rotating shaft 3042 is located inside the swing section 3011, allowing the gravity roller 304 to swing freely as the device tilts; the rotating shaft 3042 is slidably connected to the guide groove, and a guide slope is provided at the connection between the swing section 3011 and the positioning section 3012 of the movable groove to guide the rotating shaft 3042 from the swing section 3011 into the positioning section 3012; When the simulation section 3 needs to be removed, the operator pulls it outward, and the rotating shaft 3042 moves along the movable groove to the connection between the swing section 3011 and the positioning section 3012. The guide ramp provided here can guide the rotating shaft 3042 to smoothly transition into the positioning section 3012, realizing the automatic switching of the gravity roller 304 from the free swing state to the locked state, which is convenient for operation.
[0029] After entering the positioning section 3012, the rotating shaft 3042 engages with the vertical guide grooves at both ends. Because the interior of the positioning section 3012 is horizontal and the guide grooves are vertical, the movement trajectory of the rotating shaft 3042 is strictly limited to horizontal movement only, preventing any further oscillation. At this time, the gravity roller 304 is locked in a vertical position, ensuring the organ package 303 remains horizontal and moves out smoothly. This effectively prevents the shaking and displacement of the internal simulated tissue during the removal process, guaranteeing the stability and reliability of the operation.
[0030] Please see Figure 7 As shown, the outer surface of the counterweight 3041 is an arc-shaped curved surface, and the counterweight 3041 is in contact with the inner wall of the organ package 303; The counterweight 3041 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the gravity roller 304. Its outer surface is designed as an arc-shaped curved surface and fits tightly against the inner wall of the organ pack 303. When the device is tilted horizontally, the gravity roller 304 swings freely with the tilt angle, and the arc-shaped curved surface of the counterweight 3041 always slides smoothly against the inner wall of the organ pack 303, so that the gravity of the counterweight 3041 can be evenly transmitted to the simulated tissue inside the organ pack 303. When the gravity roller 304 is locked during the removal of the simulation unit 3, the arc-shaped surface of the counterweight 3041 maintains full contact with the inner wall of the organ package 303, ensuring the stability of the organ package 303 during the removal process. The arc-shaped surface design maximizes the contact area between the counterweight 3041 and the inner wall of the organ package 303, avoiding deformation of the organ package 303 caused by local stress concentration, while improving the uniformity of gravity distribution and the realism of touch when the simulated organ is tilted.
[0031] Please see Figures 1 to 3 as well as Figure 6 As shown, the overall shape of the outer shell 302 is adapted to the contour of the human chest, and its interior has a cavity to accommodate the organ package 303. During initial installation, the organ pack 303 is placed in the cavity inside the outer shell 302. Since the shape of the outer shell 302 is consistent with the anatomical structure of the human chest cavity, the organ pack 303 can be accurately positioned in the corresponding position within the simulated chest cavity, forming a spatial layout that conforms to the physiological structure of the human body.
[0032] When the outer shell 302 is tilted horizontally by the adjustment part 2, the outer shell 302 causes the organ package 303 inside it to tilt together. Since the shape of the outer shell 302 is adapted to the contour of the human chest, the displacement and deformation of the organ package 303 in the cavity are constrained and guided by the inner wall of the outer shell 302, making its movement trajectory and shape change closer to the physiological activities of real human organs in the chest cavity, thus enhancing the realism of the simulation of organ position and shape when the body position changes.
[0033] When the organ pack 303 needs to be replaced, the operator can remove the simulation unit 3 and directly take out the organ pack 303 from the cavity of the outer shell 302, which is adapted to the contour of the human chest, and put in a new organ pack 303. The contour design of the outer shell 302 provides accurate positioning and stable support for the organ pack 303, ensuring that the replaced organ pack 303 can be quickly restored to the correct anatomical position, which is convenient for continuous teaching.
[0034] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 6 As shown, organ package 303 is made of flexible transparent material and is filled with simulated tissue that mimics the organs of the human thoracic cavity. The flexible material allows it to adapt to the biomimetic contours of the inner wall of the 302 shell, achieving a tight fit and stable positioning; the transparent material properties allow the operator to directly observe the shape and position of the internal simulated tissue from the outside, facilitating installation and calibration.
[0035] When the device is tilted horizontally, the counterweight 3041 at the upper end of the gravity roller 304 contacts the inside of the organ package 303 and applies pressure. Since the organ package 303 is made of flexible material, the simulated tissue inside it can produce gravity displacement and shape deformation consistent with real human organs under the push of the counterweight 3041. At the same time, the transparent material allows the operator to observe the dynamic changes of the simulated tissue inside in real time during the tilting process, and intuitively demonstrate the organ position adjustment process under different body positions.
[0036] When it is necessary to replace or observe the internal structure of the organ pack 303, the operator can remove the simulation unit 3 and directly observe the state of the simulated tissue inside the organ pack 303 through the transparent material to determine whether replacement is necessary. When removing the organ pack 303, its flexible material allows it to be easily removed from the cavity of the outer shell 302 without damaging the internal structure, and it quickly returns to a fitted state when a new organ pack 303 is inserted. During teaching operations, the transparent outer shell 302 allows trainees to directly observe the contact process between surgical instruments and simulated tissues and the internal changes, greatly enhancing the visibility and demonstration effect of the teaching.
[0037] Please see Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figures 8 to 10As shown, the adjustment unit 2 includes a rotating frame 201, a guide frame 202, a fixing block 203, a fixing shaft 204, a sliding rod 205, a sliding seat 206, and a driven seat 207. One end of the rotating frame 201 is rotatably connected to the mounting base 1, and the rotating frame 201 is fixedly connected to the outer shell 302. The lower end of the guide frame 202 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 1, and the interior of the upper end of the guide frame 202 is slidably connected to the other end of the rotating frame 201. The fixing block 203 is rotatably disposed at the other end of the rotating frame 201 and is fixed. Block 203 contacts the upper end of guide frame 202. Fixed shaft 204 is threadedly installed on the other end of rotating frame 201. Fixed shaft 204 can press fixed block 203, so that fixed block 203 is in close contact with guide frame 202. One end of sliding rod 205 is fixed inside rotating frame 201. The inside of one end of sliding seat 206 is slidably connected to the outer edge of sliding rod 205. Driven seat 207 is slidably disposed at the other end of sliding seat 206. The upper end of driven seat 207 is inserted and fixed to docking seat 301. In the initial state, one end of the rotating frame 201 is rotatably connected to the mounting base 1, and the other end is in contact with the upper end of the guide frame 202 through the fixing block 203. The rotating frame 201 is fixedly connected to the outer shell 302, so that the tilt angle of the outer shell 302 changes as the rotating frame 201 rotates. The lower end of the guide frame 202 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 1, and its upper end is slidably connected to the other end of the rotating frame 201, providing a guide trajectory for the rotation of the rotating frame 201.
[0038] When angle adjustment is required, the operator first loosens the fixing shaft 204 to release the pressure of the fixing shaft 204 on the fixing block 203, causing the fixing block 203 to disengage from the guide frame 202. Then, the operator pushes the other end of the rotating frame 201 to slide along the upper interior of the guide frame 202. The rotating frame 201 rotates around its rotating connection point at one end, causing the outer casing 302, which is fixedly connected to it, to tilt horizontally. After adjusting to the desired angle, the operator tightens the fixing shaft 204, which presses against the fixing block 203, causing the fixing block 203 to make tight contact with the upper end of the guide frame 202. Friction is used to lock the rotating frame 201 at the current angle, completing the angle adjustment.
[0039] When the simulation unit 3 needs to be removed, the operator pulls it outward. The driven seat 207, which is fixed to the docking seat 301, is first subjected to force. The driven seat 207 slides along the interior of the other end of the sliding seat 206, achieving primary guidance. At the same time, the interior of one end of the sliding seat 206 slides along the outer edge of the sliding rod 205 fixed inside the rotating frame 201, achieving secondary guidance. Through the secondary sliding structure of the driven seat 207 and the sliding seat 206, the adjusting unit 2 provides precise linear guidance and stable support for the removal process of the simulation unit 3, ensuring that the simulation unit 3 is removed smoothly.
[0040] When it is necessary to reset the simulation unit 3, the operator pushes the simulation unit 3 back, and the driven seat 207 and the sliding seat 206 slide back along the original path in sequence. The upper end of the driven seat 207 is reconnected and fixed to the docking seat 301, thus completing the reset operation.
[0041] Please see Figures 1 to 3 as well as Figure 8 As shown, the upper end of the guide frame 202 is provided with an arc-shaped guide groove, and the inside of the guide groove is slidably connected to the fixed block 203, which provides a precise arc-shaped motion trajectory for the angle adjustment of the rotating frame 201. In the initial state, the fixed block 203 is located at a certain position in the arc-shaped guide groove, the fixed shaft 204 is in a tightened state and presses the fixed block 203, so that the fixed block 203 is in close contact with the upper end of the guide frame 202, locking the rotating frame 201 at the current angle.
[0042] When angle adjustment is required, the operator loosens the fixed shaft 204 to release the pressure on the fixed block 203. At this time, the operator pushes the other end of the rotating frame 201, causing the fixed block 203 to slide within the arc-shaped guide groove. Due to the arc-shaped design of the guide groove, the fixed block 203 moves along the arc-shaped trajectory, causing the rotating frame 201 to smoothly swing in an arc around its rotational connection point with the mounting base 1. The outer casing 302, fixedly connected to the rotating frame 201, subsequently experiences a change in horizontal tilt angle.
[0043] When the outer casing 302 is tilted to the desired angle, the fixing block 203 slides to the corresponding position in the arc-shaped guide groove. The operator tightens the fixing shaft 204, which presses the fixing block 203 again, making the fixing block 203 in close contact with the upper end of the guide frame 202. The friction force locks the fixing block 203 in the arc-shaped guide groove, thereby stabilizing the rotating frame 201 and the outer casing 302 at the current tilt angle.
[0044] The design of the arc-shaped guide groove strictly limits the rotation trajectory of the rotating frame 201 to a smooth arc path, ensuring that the tilting movement of the outer shell 302 is stable and continuous during the angle adjustment process, avoiding shaking and jamming; at the same time, the arc trajectory is adapted to the physiological curvature of the human chest cavity, making the tilt angle change of the simulation part 3 more in line with the position adjustment process in real surgery, improving the accuracy of angle adjustment and the feel of operation.
[0045] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a guide rail 2061 is provided inside the sliding seat 206, and the inside of the guide rail 2061 is slidably connected to the driven seat 207. The sliding seat 206 has a guide rail 2061 inside, and the driven seat 207 is slidably connected to the inside of the guide rail 2061. Together, they form a secondary guide structure during the removal process of the simulation part 3. In the initial state, the driven seat 207 is completely retracted into the guide rail 2061 of the sliding seat 206, and the upper end of the driven seat 207 is inserted and fixed to the docking seat 301, so that the simulation part 3 is kept in the retracted position. When the simulation unit 3 needs to be removed, the operator pulls the simulation unit 3 outward. Since the upper end of the driven seat 207 is fixedly connected to the docking seat 301, the pulling force is first transmitted to the driven seat 207. After being subjected to force, the driven seat 207 begins to slide outward along the guide slide rail 2061. The guide slide rail 2061 precisely restricts the movement trajectory of the driven seat 207, so that it can only move smoothly in a straight line, preventing left and right swaying or deviation during the removal process. When the driven seat 207 slides along the guide rail 2061 to the end of its stroke, the driven seat 207 stops moving. At this time, if it is necessary to continue to move the simulation unit 3 outward, the entire sliding seat 206 begins to slide along the sliding rod 205 to achieve secondary guidance, so that the simulation unit 3 can be moved outward further; When the simulation unit 3 needs to be reset, the operator pushes the simulation unit 3 inward. The sliding seat 206 first slides inward along the sliding rod 205 to reset, and then the driven seat 207 slides inward along the guide rail 2061 to reset until the driven seat 207 is completely housed inside the guide rail 2061. The upper end of the driven seat 207 is then re-inserted and fixed to the docking seat 301, thus completing the reset. The design of the guide rail 2061 ensures the motion accuracy and stability of the driven seat 207 during the sliding process, so that the removal and reset operation of the simulation unit 3 always maintains a straight motion trajectory, avoiding jamming or displacement of internal simulation tissue caused by shaking, and improving the smoothness and reliability of operation.
[0046] Please see Figure 10 As shown, the sliding rod 205 is provided with a positioning groove along the axial direction, and the sliding seat 206 and the driven seat 207 are provided with elastic positioning elements that cooperate with the positioning groove. The elastic positioning elements are used to lock the axial position of the sliding seat 206 and the driven seat 207 on the sliding rod 205. In the initial state where the simulation unit 3 is fully retracted, the sliding seat 206 is located at the starting end of the sliding rod 205. The elastic positioning member on the sliding seat 206 engages with the corresponding first positioning groove on the sliding rod 205 under the action of elastic force, locking the sliding seat 206 in the initial axial position and preventing it from sliding unexpectedly. At the same time, the driven seat 207 is fully retracted inside the sliding seat 206, and the elastic positioning member on the driven seat 207 engages with the corresponding positioning structure inside the sliding rod 205, keeping the driven seat 207 and the sliding seat 206 fixed. At this time, the simulation unit 3 as a whole is in a stable retracted and locked state and will not accidentally slide out due to external force or tilting operation.
[0047] When the operator pulls the simulation unit 3 outward, the pulling force starts through the driven seat 207. When the pulling force overcomes the elastic force of the elastic positioning member on the driven seat 207, the elastic positioning member disengages from the positioning structure of the sliding rod 205. After the driven seat 207 slides to the end of its stroke, if it is necessary to continue moving the simulation unit 3 outward, the operator continues to apply the pulling force. At this time, the pulling force overcomes the elastic force of the elastic positioning member on the sliding seat 206, causing the elastic positioning member to disengage from the current positioning groove of the sliding rod 205. The sliding seat 206 begins to slide outward along the sliding rod 205 until the sliding seat 206 moves to the end of its stroke. The elastic positioning member inside the sliding seat 206 engages with the sliding rod 205. Through the elastic positioning member and the new positioning position and operating feel, the simulation unit 3 can achieve multi-position positioning within a longer stroke range.
[0048] When the operator pushes the simulation unit 3 inward to reset, the thrust first acts on the sliding seat 206. The thrust overcomes the elastic force of the elastic positioning element on the sliding seat 206, causing it to disengage from its current positioning slot. The sliding seat 206 then begins to slide inward along the sliding rod 205. When the sliding seat 206 slides close to the starting end, its elastic positioning element, under the action of the elastic force, re-engages into the first positioning slot on the sliding rod 205, locking the sliding seat 206 back to its initial axial position. Subsequently, the thrust continues to act on the driven seat 207, overcoming the elastic force of the elastic positioning element on the driven seat 207, causing it to disengage from the positioning structure of the sliding rod 205. The driven seat 207 then begins to slide inward along the guide rail 2061 until it is completely housed inside the sliding seat 206. At this point, the elastic positioning element on the driven seat 207 re-engages into the corresponding positioning structure inside the sliding rod 205, restoring the driven seat 207 and the sliding seat 206 to a fixed state. At this point, the simulation unit 3 is completely reset to its initial storage and locking state.
[0049] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: In the initial state, the simulation part 3 is located inside the adjustment part 2, and the gravity roller 304 is set inside the docking seat 301. Under the action of gravity, it hangs down naturally and contacts the organ package 303, so that the organ package 303 is kept in a natural hanging state. When teaching thoracic surgery, the operator can adjust the horizontal tilt of the simulation unit 3 using the adjustment unit 2. The rotating part of the adjustment unit 2 causes the outer shell 302 and the internal organ package 303 to tilt together. At this time, the gravity roller 304 set inside the docking seat 301 moves relative to the tilted outer shell 302 under the action of gravity, simulating the gravitational displacement of organs in the real human body as the body position changes, so that the simulated tissues in the organ package 303 present a more realistic morphological change. When it is necessary to replace the organ pack 303 or observe its internal structure, the operator pulls the simulation unit 3 outward. During the removal process, the sliding part, which is fixedly connected to the docking seat 301, moves outward along the guide structure inside the adjustment unit 2. The adjustment unit 2 provides precise guidance and stable support for the removal process of the simulation unit 3, ensuring that the organ pack 303 is removed smoothly, which is convenient for teaching demonstrations and subsequent operations.
[0050] The horizontal tilt adjustment of the simulation unit 3 by the adjustment unit 2 can simulate various surgical approaches and positioning requirements. During the adjustment process, the gravity roller 304 moves freely within the docking seat 301, causing the organ pack 303 to undergo gravitational displacement consistent with the real human body as it tilts, significantly enhancing the realism and immersion of surgical teaching. Simultaneously, the adjustment unit 2 integrates adjustment and removal guidance functions, providing precise guidance and stable support during the removal of the simulation unit 3, ensuring the smooth removal of the organ pack 303 and preventing displacement or damage to the internal simulated tissues. This facilitates teaching observation and rapid replacement. Its overall structure is compact and easy to operate, ensuring both the realism of the simulation and improving teaching efficiency and the applicability of the device.
[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this invention are implemented according to conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified or limited.
Claims
1. A surgical simulation device for thoracic surgery teaching, characterized in that: Includes a mounting base (1), the upper part of which is provided with an adjustment part (2), and the interior of the adjustment part (2) is provided with a simulation part (3). The adjustment part (2) can adjust the simulation part (3) to make horizontal tilt adjustment, and can also provide guidance and support during the movement of the simulation part (3). The simulation unit (3) includes a docking seat (301), a shell (302), an organ package (303), and a gravity roller (304). The docking seat (301) is fixedly connected to the sliding part inside the adjustment unit (2), the shell (302) is fixedly connected to the rotating part of the adjustment unit (2), and the gravity roller (304) is disposed inside the docking seat (301).
2. The surgical simulation device for thoracic surgery teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the gravity roller (304) is fixedly provided with a counterweight (3041), which is in contact with the inside of the organ package (303). The lower end of the gravity roller (304) is provided with a rotating shaft (3042), which is slidably connected to the inside of the docking seat (301).
3. The surgical simulation device for thoracic surgery teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The docking seat (301) has an internal movable groove, which includes a connected swing section (3011) and a positioning section (3012). The swing section (3011) is fan-shaped, providing swing space for the rotating shaft (3042). The positioning section (3012) is horizontal, with vertical guide grooves at both ends. The rotating shaft (3042) is slidably connected to the guide grooves. A guide slope is provided at the connection between the swing section (3011) and the positioning section (3012) of the movable groove, which is used to guide the rotating shaft (3042) from the swing section (3011) into the positioning section (3012).
4. The surgical simulation device for thoracic surgery teaching according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the counterweight (3041) is an arc-shaped curved surface, and the counterweight (3041) is in contact with the inner wall of the organ package (303).
5. The surgical simulation device for thoracic surgery teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall shape of the outer shell (302) is adapted to the contour of the human chest, and its interior has a cavity to accommodate the organ package (303).
6. The surgical simulation device for thoracic surgery teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organ package (303) is made of a flexible transparent material and is filled with simulated tissues that mimic human thoracic organs.
7. The surgical simulation device for thoracic surgery teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting part (2) includes a rotating frame (201), a guide frame (202), a fixing block (203), a fixing shaft (204), a sliding rod (205), a sliding seat (206), and a driven seat (207). One end of the rotating frame (201) is rotatably connected to the mounting base (1), and the rotating frame (201) is fixedly connected to the outer shell (302). The lower end of the guide frame (202) is fixedly connected to the mounting base (1), and the interior of the upper end of the guide frame (202) is slidably connected to the other end of the rotating frame (201). The fixing block (203) is rotatably disposed at the other end of the rotating frame (201), and the fixing block... (203) is in contact with the upper end of the guide frame (202). The fixed shaft (204) is threadedly installed on the other end of the rotating frame (201), and the fixed shaft (204) can press the fixed block (203) so that the fixed block (203) is in close contact with the guide frame (202). One end of the sliding rod (205) is fixedly installed inside the rotating frame (201). The interior of one end of the sliding seat (206) is slidably connected to the outer edge of the sliding rod (205). The driven seat (207) is slidably installed at the other end of the sliding seat (206). The upper end of the driven seat (207) is inserted and fixed to the docking seat (301).
8. A surgical simulation device for thoracic surgery teaching according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper end of the guide frame (202) is provided with an arc-shaped guide groove, and the interior of the guide groove is slidably connected to the fixing block (203).
9. A surgical simulation device for thoracic surgery teaching according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sliding seat (206) has a guide rail (2061) inside, and the inside of the guide rail (2061) is slidably connected to the driven seat (207).
10. A surgical simulation device for thoracic surgery teaching according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sliding rod (205) is provided with a positioning groove along the axial direction, and the sliding seat (206) and the driven seat (207) are provided with elastic positioning elements that cooperate with the positioning groove. The elastic positioning elements are used to lock the axial position of the sliding seat (206) and the driven seat (207) on the sliding rod (205).