A nutritional composition for improving immunity and use thereof

Abstract

This invention provides a nutritional composition for improving immunity and its application. Specifically, this invention provides a nutritional composition for improving immunity, comprising medium- and long-chain triglycerides (MLCT) and 1,3-diunsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitoyltriglycerides (UPU), which have a synergistic effect in improving immunity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the food field, and more specifically to a nutritional composition for improving immunity and its application. Background Technology

[0002] The immune system, as a key protective system of the body, plays a vital role in safeguarding life and health. It effectively identifies and eliminates pathogens that invade the body, while maintaining tolerance to its own tissues and preserving homeostasis. In recent years, influenced by factors such as dietary structure, environmental changes, lifestyle habits, mental stress, and medication use, immunodeficiency has gradually become a common adverse health condition. When the body is in a state of immunodeficiency, the immune system's function weakens, thereby increasing the risk of pathogen infection. Furthermore, immunodeficiency can also affect other functions of the immune system, such as clearing necrotic cells and monitoring malignant tumor cells. Impairment of these functions can lead to a series of health problems, such as upper respiratory tract infections, gastrointestinal infections, lethargy, fatigue, and may even increase the risk of developing tumors. Therefore, actively improving immunodeficiency is of great significance for maintaining public health (Parkin J, Cohen B. An overview of the immune system. Lancet. 2001 Jun 2;357(9270):1777-89.).

[0003] Most importantly, because infants' and young children's immune systems are not yet fully developed, their resistance and immunity are relatively weak, making them susceptible to infections from pathogens and viruses. The most direct manifestation of physiological immunodeficiency in infants and young children is their susceptibility to illness, such as various acute and chronic diseases like colds, fevers, coughs, asthma, vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation. Furthermore, physiological immunodeficiency in infants and young children often manifests as prolonged recovery times after illness, with prolonged illness courses and recurring episodes. Over time, this not only hinders the development and maturation of various organs in infants and young children but also has varying degrees of negative impact on their intellectual development and cognitive levels.

[0004] The main structural feature of long-chain triglycerides (MLCTs) in breast milk-like lipids is that a glycerol backbone is simultaneously bound to both medium-chain and long-chain fatty acids. MLCT has a fatty acid composition closer to that of breast milk, which is beneficial for fat digestion and absorption, improves the absorption of lipid nutrients, inhibits the accumulation of body fat, and can provide rapid and stable energy (Cheng X, Jiang C, Jin J, Jin Q, Akoh CC, Wei W, Wang X. Medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerol: Preparation, Health Benefits, and Food Utilization. Annu Rev Food SciTechnol. 2024 Jun;15(1):381-408. doi: 10.1146 / annurev-food-072023-034539.Epub 2024 Jun 20.). Compared with physical blends of long-chain triglycerides (LCT) and medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) with the same fatty acid composition, it has the functions of regulating thermogenesis in mice, inhibiting visceral fat accumulation, altering intestinal flora, and regulating lipid metabolism (Yuan T, Cheng X, Shen L, Liu Z, Ye X, Yan Z, Wei W, Wang X. Novel Human Milk Fat Substitutes Based on Medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerol Regulate Thermogenesis, Lipid Metabolism, and Gut Microbiota Diversity in C57BL / 6J Mice. J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Mar 27;72(12):6213-6225.). In addition, another breast milk-like structural lipid, 1,3-diunsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitoylglycerol (UPU), has the effects of promoting fatty acid absorption, relieving constipation, preventing intestinal obstruction, and promoting mineral absorption (Zhang Xue, Zhang Liru, Zhang Jun. Research progress on the function and detection methods of 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol in infant formula milk powder [J]. China Dairy Industry, 2019, 0(5):57-60). Currently, there are no studies reporting whether the combination of medium- and long-chain triacylglycerol (MLCT) and UPU has a synergistic effect in improving immunity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a nutritional composition for improving immunity, comprising medium- and long-chain triglycerides (MLCT) and 1,3-diunsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitoyltriglycerides (UPU), which have a synergistic effect in improving immunity.

[0006] The present invention first provides a nutritional composition for improving immunity, comprising medium- and long-chain triglycerides (MLCT) and 1,3-diunsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitoyltriglyceride (UPU).

[0007] In one or more embodiments, the mass ratio of MLCT to UPU in the nutritional composition is 0.2:1 to 6.8:1.

[0008] In one or more embodiments, the amount of medium- and long-chain triglycerides (MLCT) relative to 1 part by weight of 1,3-diunsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitoylglycerol (UPU) is 0.2-6.8 parts by weight, preferably 0.3-6.8 parts by weight, 0.4-6.8 parts by weight, 0.5-6.8 parts by weight, 1-6.8 parts by weight, 1.5-6.8 parts by weight, 2-6.8 parts by weight, 2.5-6.8 parts by weight, 3-6.8 parts by weight, or 4-6.8 parts by weight.

[0009] In one or more embodiments, the 1,3-diunsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitoylglycerol (UPU) comprises one or more of 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol (OPO), 1-oleic-2-palmitoyl-3-linoleic acid triglyceride (OPL), and 1,3-dilinoleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol (LPL), or is composed of the thereof.

[0010] In one or more embodiments, the MLCT is derived from an MLCT composition in which the mass of the MLCT is greater than or equal to 35%, for example 50%.

[0011] In some embodiments, the UPU, based on a total triglyceride content of 100%, comprises 12% to 40% by mass of OPL (e.g., 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 22%, 25%, 30%, 35%, or 40%), and 5% to 35% by mass of OPO (e.g., 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 22%, 25%, 30%, or 35%), and LP... The mass percentage of L is 0.3% to 10% (e.g., 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0%, 4.0%, 5.0%, 6.0%, 7.0%, 8.0%, 9.0%, or 10.0%), and the sum of the masses of OPO, OPL, and LPL is ≥35% (e.g., ≥35%, ≥36%, ≥37%, ≥38%, ≥39%, ≥40%, ≥45%, ≥50%, or higher, more specifically, e.g., 50%). For example, in the UPU, with a total triglyceride content of 100%, the sum of the masses of OPO, OPL, and LPL can be in the range of 35% to 100%, e.g., 40% to 80%, 40% to 60%, or 40% to 50%.

[0012] The present invention also provides a formulation comprising the nutritional composition described in any embodiment herein.

[0013] In one or more embodiments, the formulation is a powder, pill, capsule, granule, tablet, liquid formulation, or gel.

[0014] The present invention also provides a product comprising the nutritional composition or formulation described in any embodiment of the herein.

[0015] In one or more embodiments, the product is a food, health product, or pharmaceutical composition.

[0016] In one or more embodiments, the food includes finished food products, semi-finished food products, food additives, and food supplements.

[0017] In one or more embodiments, the food includes ordinary food, health food, food for special medical purposes, or infant formula.

[0018] In one or more embodiments, the food also includes food science acceptable materials.

[0019] In one or more embodiments, food-grade acceptable materials include: nutritional additives, food-medicine homologous ingredients, excipients and / or excipients.

[0020] In one or more embodiments, the nutritional additive includes one or more of dietary fiber, prebiotics, proteins, lipids, minerals, and vitamins.

[0021] In one or more embodiments, the food-medicine homology ingredients include one or more of the following: red dates, hawthorn, wolfberry, longan, lily bulb, poria cocos, and dried tangerine peel.

[0022] In one or more embodiments, the excipient or adjuvant includes one or more of calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, sugar, starch, cellulose derivatives, gelatin, vegetable oil, and polyethylene glycol.

[0023] In one or more embodiments, the food is infant food, children's food, adolescent food, youth food, middle-aged food, or elderly food.

[0024] In one or more embodiments, the food is a food for teenagers or an adult.

[0025] In one or more embodiments, the infants and young children include infants aged 0-6 months, older infants aged 6-12 months, and toddlers aged 12-36 months.

[0026] In one or more embodiments, the food is infant formula, baby food, children's formula, children's snacks, formula milk powder for pregnant women, milk powder for middle-aged and elderly people, or nutritional or dietary supplements.

[0027] In one or more embodiments, the food includes one or more of the following: dairy products, soy products, probiotic powder, probiotic oil droplets, dietary fiber supplements, nutrition bars, rice cereal, fruit puree, fruit and vegetable juice, solid food beverages, fruit juice, ice cream, candy, biscuits, infant formula, infant food for special medical purposes.

[0028] In one or more embodiments, the health product further includes additives and / or nutritional fortifiers.

[0029] In one or more embodiments, the additive includes one or more of the following: flavorings, stabilizers, thickeners, preservatives, antioxidants, emulsifiers, and / or the nutritional fortifier includes one or more of the following: vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids, dietary fiber.

[0030] In one or more embodiments, the health product is a powder, pill, capsule, granule, tablet, oil drop, liquid preparation or gel.

[0031] In one or more embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition further includes pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

[0032] The present invention also provides the use of the nutritional compositions or formulations described in any embodiment of the invention in the preparation of food.

[0033] The present invention also provides the use of the nutritional composition or formulation described in any embodiment of the present invention in the preparation of health products that improve immune function.

[0034] The present invention also provides the use of the nutritional composition or formulation described in any embodiment of the invention in the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for improving immunity.

[0035] In one or more embodiments, the improvement of immunity includes promoting the development of normal immune organs, promoting the proliferation of immune cells, maintaining the activity of immune cells, enhancing immune adaptation to daily environmental stimuli, and / or improving intestinal barrier function.

[0036] In one or more embodiments, the immune cells are selected from one or more of the following: macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes.

[0037] In one or more embodiments, the immune cells are macrophages and / or neutrophils.

[0038] In one or more embodiments, the improvement of intestinal barrier function is selected from one or more of the following: promoting an increase in the number of intestinal goblet cells, promoting mucin secretion, reducing intestinal permeability, or repairing intestinal mucosal damage.

[0039] This invention also provides the use of the nutritional compositions and / or formulations described in any embodiment herein, the uses including: (1) Application in the preparation of drugs that promote the development of normal immune organs; (2) Application in drugs that promote the proliferation of immune cells; (3) Application in drugs that maintain the activity of immune cells; (4) Application in drugs that enhance immune adaptation to daily environmental stimuli; (5) Application in drugs that improve intestinal barrier function.

[0040] In one or more embodiments, the immune cells are selected from one or more of the following: macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes.

[0041] In one or more embodiments, the immune cells are macrophages and / or neutrophils.

[0042] This invention also provides the use of the nutritional compositions, formulations, or products described in any embodiment herein, the uses including: (1) Applications for non-therapeutic purposes that promote the development of normal immune organs; (2) Applications for non-therapeutic purposes that promote the proliferation of immune cells; (3) Applications for non-therapeutic purposes to maintain the activity of immune cells; (4) Non-therapeutic applications that enhance immune adaptation to daily environmental stimuli; (5) Non-therapeutic applications to improve intestinal barrier function; (6) Reduce non-therapeutic applications such as respiratory disturbances, gastrointestinal infections, general weakness, skin and mucous membrane problems, allergies and autoimmune tendencies caused by low immunity.

[0043] In one or more embodiments, the immune cells are selected from one or more of the following: macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes.

[0044] In one or more embodiments, the immune cells are macrophages and / or neutrophils.

[0045] The present invention also provides a method for improving animal immunity, the method comprising applying to an animal the nutritional composition, food, health product, or pharmaceutical composition described in any embodiment herein.

[0046] In one or more embodiments, the animals include livestock, poultry, or aquatic animals, or rodents or mammals such as pigs, cattle, sheep, chickens, ducks, geese, fish, shrimp, crabs, rats, and rabbits.

[0047] In one or more embodiments, the animal is a cypriniformes species belonging to the Cyprinidae family, including carp, crucian carp, grass carp, snakehead, and minnow, preferably zebrafish. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a typical fluorescence intensity diagram of zebrafish neutrophils after sample treatment.

[0049] Figure 2 This is a typical diagram showing the number of goblet cells in zebrafish after sample treatment (Note: the red dashed box indicates the analysis area, and the blue particles represent goblet cells).

[0050] Figure 3 Typical diagram of zebrafish macrophage count after sample treatment. Detailed Implementation

[0051] Unless otherwise specified, the technical terms in this specification have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art; however, in case of any conflict, the definitions in this specification shall prevail.

[0052] The term "infant" refers to people aged 0-36 months, including infants, older infants, and toddlers.

[0053] The term "infant" refers to a person aged 0 to 6 months.

[0054] The term "older baby" refers to people aged 6 to 12 months.

[0055] The term "infant" refers to people aged 12 to 36 months.

[0056] The term "infant formula" encompasses infant formula, follow-up formula, and toddler formula. Generally, infant formula is used as a breast milk substitute from birth, follow-up formula is used from 6-12 months after birth, and toddler formula is used from 12-36 months after birth.

[0057] The term "Foods for Special Medical Purposes (FSMP)" refers to foods specially processed and formulated to meet the specific nutritional or dietary needs of individuals with restricted food intake, digestive and absorptive disorders, metabolic disorders, or specific disease states. These include: complete nutritional formula foods (such as liquid diets for individuals with swallowing difficulties), specific complete nutritional formula foods (such as formulas for diabetes or liver disease), and incomplete nutritional formula foods (such as electrolyte formulas or amino acid component formulas).

[0058] As used herein, “improvement” includes any beneficial or desired effect on the symptoms or lesions of a disease or pathological condition, and may include even a small reduction in one or more measurable markers of the disease or condition (e.g., weakened immunity). Improvement may optionally include a reduction or relief of symptoms of the disease or condition, or a delay in the progression of the disease or condition. “Improvement” does not necessarily mean the complete eradication or cure of the disease or condition or its associated symptoms.

[0059] In this document, the terms “contains,” “includes,” “containing,” and similar terms encompass the meanings of “basically composed of” and “composed of.” For example, when this document discloses “A contains B and C,” “A is basically composed of B and C” and “A is composed of B and C” should be considered as having been disclosed in this document.

[0060] In this document, all features defined in the form of numerical ranges or percentage ranges, such as numerical values, quantities, contents, and concentrations, are for the sake of brevity and convenience only. Accordingly, descriptions of numerical ranges or percentage ranges should be considered as covering and specifically disclosing all possible sub-ranges and individual numerical values ​​(including integers and fractions) within those ranges.

[0061] Unless otherwise specified, percentages refer to mass percentages and proportions refer to mass ratios in this article.

[0062] In this article, the sum of the percentages of all components in the composition is 100%.

[0063] This invention is applicable to normal humans, including infants and / or older infants, and / or toddlers, and / or children, and / or young adults, and / or middle-aged adults, and / or the elderly. More preferably, it is applicable to human infants and young children fed with formula.

[0064] Nutritional composition

[0065] This invention first provides a nutritional composition for improving immunity, comprising medium- and long-chain triglycerides (MLCT) and 1,3-diunsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitoyltriglycerides (UPU). The mass ratio of MLCT to UPU in the nutritional composition is 0.2:1 to 6.8:1, for example, it can be 0.2:1, 0.3:1, 0.4:1, 0.5:1, 0.6:1, 0.7:1, 0.8:1, 0.9:1, 1:1, 1.5:1, 2:1, 2.5:1, 3:1, 3.5:1, 4:1, 4.5:1, 5:1, 5.5:1, 6:1, 6.5:1, 6.8:1, or any range defined by both of these, as well as any values ​​and subranges encompassing this range. Within the above range, the synergistic effect is significant, particularly in synergistically improving immunity.

[0066] As used in this invention, the term "medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglyceride" or "MLCT" refers to a special type of triglyceride in which both medium- and long-chain fatty acids are present on the triglyceride backbone.

[0067] As used herein, the term "medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglyceride" or "MLCT" refers to a special type of triglyceride whose triglyceride backbone contains both medium- and long-chain fatty acids. It is well known in the art that MLCT is produced from edible vegetable oils and medium-chain triglycerides through transesterification with lipases, followed by distillation, decolorization, and deodorization. Medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides can be derived from medium- and long-chain fatty acid edible oils. In some embodiments, the "medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides" can be prepared according to the method of patent CN115369132A. This invention does not impose any particular limitation on the preparation method of medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides; conventional methods in the art, such as transesterification with lipases, can be used. Medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) are typically used as feedstock oils and mixed with long-chain fatty acids, followed by chemical or enzymatic transesterification to obtain MCT / LTC a; or long-chain triglycerides are used as feedstock oils and mixed with MCTs, followed by chemical or enzymatic transesterification to obtain MCT / LTC b; or MCT / LTC a and MCT / LTC b are mixed to obtain MCT / LTC c. The transesterification reaction can be carried out using conventional methods. Optionally, a purification step may be included after transesterification, using purification methods commonly used in the art, such as refining (e.g., degumming, deacidification, decolorization, deodorization), fractionation, membrane separation, molecular distillation, etc. In an exemplary embodiment, the commercial source of the MCTs / LTCs described herein includes production batch number Y1505-22120101 produced by Qingdao Haizhiyuan Life Science Technology Co., Ltd., with a purity of 69%.

[0068] 1,3-Diunsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitoylglycerol triglyceride can be a commercially available product. Typically, such products are compositions containing impurities, with a purity of 35% or higher. That is, in the 1,3-diunsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitoylglycerol triglyceride composition, the mass percentage of UPU can be 35% or higher, 40% or higher, 50% or higher, or 60% or higher, for example, 30-60% or 35-50%.

[0069] As used in this invention, the term "medium-chain fatty acid" refers to fatty acids with 6-12 carbon atoms in their carbon chain, such as hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid, and dodecanoic acid; the term "long-chain fatty acid" refers to fatty acids with 14 or more carbon atoms in their carbon chain, generally 14-30 carbon atoms, such as myristic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid.

[0070] The terms "medium-chain fatty acid triglycerides" and "long-chain fatty acid triglycerides" refer to the esterification products of "medium-chain fatty acids" and "long-chain fatty acids" with glycerol, respectively.

[0071] The term "medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides" refers to triglycerides that contain both medium-chain and long-chain fatty acid residues in their molecular structure. This invention does not have any particular requirements regarding the medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides used; those commonly used in the art can be employed. Medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides can be used in pure form or in a non-pure form rich in medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides. For example, the medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides used in this invention may contain C6-C6. 12 fatty acid residues and C 14 -C 30 Fatty acid residues. C6-C 12 Fatty acid residues can originate from one or more of the following: hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, etc. C 14 -C 30 The fatty acid residues may be derived from one or more of the following: myristic acid, palmitic acid, heptadecanic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid, nonadecanic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, docosapatraenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, tricarboxylic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, etc. In an exemplary embodiment, the commercial source of the medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides described herein includes products manufactured by Qingdao Haizhiyuan Life Science Technology Co., Ltd., with production batch number Y1505-22120101 and a purity of 69%.

[0072] In some embodiments, the C6-C 12 The fatty acid residues are derived from one or more of the following: hexanoic acid, octanoic acid, decanoic acid, and lauric acid; and / or the C... 14 -C 30 The fatty acid residues are derived from one or more of the following: myristic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid.

[0073] In some implementations, C6-C 12 Fatty acid residues on the C 14 -C 30 The mass ratio of fatty acid residues is 0.124 to 2.000.

[0074] As used in this invention, the term "1,3-diunsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitoylglycerol" or "UPU" refers to a triglyceride structure in which unsaturated fatty acids are linked at positions 1 and 3, and palmitic acid is linked at position 2. The unsaturated fatty acid may be oleic acid (C18:1, O) or linoleic acid (C18:2, L), and palmitic acid (C16:0, P) is a hexadecimal saturated fatty acid. Specifically, the 1,3-diunsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitoylglycerol (UPU) may include one or more of the following: 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol (OPO), 1-oleic-2-palmitoyl-3-linoleic acid triglyceride (OPL), and 1,3-dilinoleic-2-palmitoylglycerol (LPL).

[0075] In the nutritional compositions described herein, the UPU may include one or more, for example, three UPU-type triglycerides, including but not limited to 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol (OPO), 1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-3-linoleic acid triglyceride (OPL), and 1,3-dilinoleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol (LPL). In a preferred embodiment, the UPU comprises a composition of three UPU-type triglycerides, including OPO, OPL, and LPL, or composed thereof. Impurities include, but are not limited to, 1-oleic-2-palmitoyl-3-palmitoylglycerol triglyceride (OP-Po), 1-oleic-2-palmitoyl-3-linolenic acid triglyceride (OP-Ln), 1-linoleic-2-palmitoyl-3-palmitoylglycerol triglyceride (LP-Po), 1-linoleic-2-palmitoyl-3-linolenic acid triglyceride (LP-Ln), 1-trans-oleic-2-palmitoyl-3-olenic acid triglyceride (Eo-PO), 1-DHA-2-palmitoyl-3-olenic acid triglyceride (DHA-PO), 1-DHA-2- One or more of palmitic-3-linoleic acid triglycerides (DHA-PL), 1-Di-2-palmitoyl-3-oleic acid triglycerides (Di-PO), 1-Da-2-palmitoyl-3-linoleic acid triglycerides (Da-PL), 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-oleic acid triglycerides (PPO), 1-linoleic-2,3-dipalmitoyl triglycerides (LPP), 1-linoleic-2,3-dioleic acid triglycerides (LOO), and tripalmitoyl triglycerides (PPP), wherein the content of PPP is less than 10% by weight.

[0076] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the MLCT composition to the UPU composition in the nutritional compositions described herein can be 0.1:1 to 5.0:1, for example, 0.1:1, 0.2:1, 0.3:1, 0.4:1, 0.5:1, 0.6:1, 0.7:1, 0.8:1, 0.9:1, 1.0:1, 1.1:1, 1.2:1, 1.3:1, 1.4:1, 1.5:1, 1.6:1, 1.7:1, 1.8:1, 1.9:1, 2.0:1, 2.1:1, 2.2. The ratios are 1, 2.3:1, 2.4:1, 2.5:1, 2.6:1, 2.7:1, 2.8:1, 2.9:1, 3.0:1, 3.1:1, 3.2:1, 3.3:1, 3.4:1, 3.5:1, 3.6:1, 3.7:1, 3.8:1, 3.9:1, 4.0:1, 4.1:1, 4.2:1, 4.3:1, 4.4:1, 4.5:1, 4.6:1, 4.7:1, 4.8:1, 4.9:1, 5.0:1, or any two of these values. In a preferred embodiment, the MLCT composition contains ≥35%, ≥40%, ≥45%, ≥50%, ≥60%, ≥70%, ≥80%, or ≥90% by mass, for example, 50-80%, 60-80%, or 65-70%.

[0077] In some embodiments, the total mass of OPO, OPL and LPL in the UPU composition described herein is more than 35%, more than 40%, more than 50% or more 60%, for example 30-60% or 35-50%, based on 100% total triglycerides, and the mass percentage of PPP is typically less than 10%.

[0078] In some embodiments, the UPU, based on a total triglyceride content of 100%, comprises 12% to 40% by mass of OPL (e.g., 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 22%, 25%, 30%, 35%, or 40%), and 5% to 35% by mass of OPO (e.g., 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 22%, 25%, 30%, or 35%), L The PL mass percentage is 0.3% to 10% (e.g., 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0%, 4.0%, 5.0%, 6.0%, 7.0%, 8.0%, 9.0%, or 10.0%), and the sum of the masses of OPO, OPL, and LPL is ≥35% (e.g., ≥35%, ≥36%, ≥37%, ≥38%, ≥39%, ≥40%, ≥45%, ≥50%, or higher, more specifically, 50%). For example, in the UPU, with a total triglyceride content of 100%, the sum of the masses of OPO, OPL, and LPL can be in the range of 35% to 100%, e.g., 40% to 80%, 40% to 60%, or 40% to 50%.

[0079] In a typical implementation, the UPU may be derived from a mixture of oils rich in OPO, OPL, and LPL. In other words, the UPU may be included in the nutritional composition in the form of a mixture of oils rich in OPO, OPL, and LPL.

[0080] In some embodiments, the UPU composition may include: - The following amounts are selected from OPO, OPL, LPL, or mixtures thereof (e.g., any two or three of OPO, OPL, and LPL): from about 35% by mass to about 100% by mass, for example, about 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60%. 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 100% by mass, or within the range defined by any two of them; and - Optional amounts of one or more triglycerides selected from OP-Po, OP-Ln, LP-Po, LP-Ln, Eo-PO, DHA-PO, DHA-PL, Di-PO, Da-PL, PPO, LPP, LOO and PPP, wherein the content of PPP is less than 10% by mass.

[0081] In some embodiments, in the UPU composition, based on total triglycerides (100%), the mass of OPO, OPL, and LPL can each be independently 0-100% by mass, for example, about 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48. 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 100% by mass, or within the range defined by any two of them, provided that the contents of OPO, OPL, and LPL are not simultaneously 0.

[0082] In some embodiments, the total mass of OPO, OPL and LPL in the UPU composition described herein is more than 35%, more than 40%, more than 50% or more 60%, for example 30-60% or 35-50%, based on 100% total triglycerides, and the mass percentage of PPP is typically less than 10%.

[0083] In some embodiments, the UPU composition may consist substantially of triglycerides, for example, of triglycerides. The triglycerides may include, for example, the aforementioned UPU-type triglycerides.

[0084] food

[0085] The present invention also provides a food product comprising the nutritional composition described in any embodiment herein.

[0086] In one or more embodiments, the types of food include: plant-based foods, animal-based foods, microbially fermented foods, processed foods, and food additives.

[0087] In one or more embodiments, the food also includes additives and / or nutritional fortifiers.

[0088] In one or more embodiments, the additive includes one or more of the following: flavorings, stabilizers, thickeners, preservatives, antioxidants, emulsifiers, and / or the nutritional fortifier includes one or more of the following: vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids, dietary fiber.

[0089] In one or more embodiments, the food includes one or more of the following: dairy products, soy products, probiotic powder, probiotic oil droplets, dietary fiber supplements, nutrition bars, rice cereal, fruit puree, fruit and vegetable juice, solid food beverages, fruit juice, ice cream, candy, biscuits, infant formula, infant food for special medical purposes.

[0090] Foods applicable to this invention include ordinary foods and special foods (including health foods not intended for treating diseases, foods for special medical purposes, infant formula, etc.), such as fermented dairy products, non-fermented dairy foods (including fermented vegetable products, fermented soy products, fermented tea, fermented herbs, fermented fruits, probiotic beverages), formula milk or formula milk powder or food additives, such as yogurt, kefir, probiotic cheeses (such as Swiss cheese, Gouda cheese, cheddar cheese, mozzarella cheese), pickles, sauerkraut, fermented black beans, natto, fermented bean curd, apple cider vinegar, fermented soy milk, fermented apple juice, fermented carrot juice, probiotic bread, probiotic steamed buns, live bacteria lactic acid bacteria beverages, probiotic cereals, probiotic chocolate, etc.

[0091] Solid beverages refer to solid products with a moisture content of no more than 5 grams per 100 grams of finished product, such as instant coffee, fruit juice powder, and milk tea powder, which are easy to store and carry. Probiotic oil drops are products that are administered orally to ingest probiotics. The oil drop components can effectively protect the probiotics, allowing them to survive and exert their effects in the digestive system. Candy refers to solid candy made from sugar or syrup (powder) as the main raw material through processes such as mixing, granulation, and compression molding. Dairy products refer to various foods made from fresh cow (sheep) milk and its products as the main raw material. Modified milk powder is a product based on milk powder with the addition of various nutritional fortifiers (such as vitamins, minerals, probiotics, DHA, ARA, etc.), such as milk powder for pregnant women, milk powder for middle-aged and elderly people, and milk powder for children's growth. Infant formula is a milk powder specially designed for infants to meet their nutritional needs for growth and development. It contains a variety of nutrients, such as protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals.

[0092] In this article, the food is not intended for treatment or disease treatment, but is intended to help improve immunity. For example, it is intended for those with weakened immunity due to unbalanced or insufficient nutrient intake, protein deficiency, or deficiency of trace elements (vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc), those with weakened immunity due to insufficient sleep, long-term mental stress, lack of exercise or insufficient physical activity, and those with immature immune systems, low number of immune cells or low activity of immune cells.

[0093] health products

[0094] The present invention also provides a health supplement comprising the nutritional composition described in any embodiment herein. In this document, the health supplement is defined as one that helps improve immunity or maintain gut health.

[0095] In one or more embodiments, the health product further includes additives and / or nutritional fortifiers.

[0096] In one or more embodiments, the additive includes one or more of the following: flavorings, stabilizers, thickeners, preservatives, antioxidants, emulsifiers, and / or the nutritional fortifier includes one or more of the following: vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids, dietary fiber.

[0097] In one or more embodiments, the health product is a powder, pill, capsule, granule, tablet, oil drop, liquid preparation or gel.

[0098] Pharmaceutical Composition

[0099] The present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the nutritional composition described in any embodiment of the invention and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. The term "pharmaceuticalally acceptable excipient" refers to a carrier and / or excipient that is pharmacologically and / or physiologically compatible with the subject and the active ingredient, which is well known in the art (see, for example, Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences. Edited by Gennaro AR, 19th ed. Pennsylvania: Mack Publishing Company, 1995), and includes, but is not limited to: pH adjusters, surfactants, adjuvants, and ionic strength enhancers. For example, pH adjusters include, but are not limited to, phosphate buffers; surfactants include, but are not limited to, cationic, anionic, or nonionic surfactants, such as Tween-80; and ionic strength enhancers include, but are not limited to, sodium chloride.

[0100] Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable excipients include binders (syrups, gum arabic, gelatin, sorbitol, tragacanth, polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc.), fillers (lactose, sucrose, starch, calcium phosphate, sorbitol, glycine, etc.), lubricants (magnesium stearate, talc, polyethylene glycol, etc.), disintegrants (starch, microcrystalline cellulose, etc.), humectants (sodium lauryl sulfate, etc.), and suspending agents (sorbitol, syrups, methylcellulose, glucose syrup). Hydrates, gelatin, hydrogenated edible fats, emulsifiers (lecithin, sorbitan monooleate, gum arabic, etc.), non-aqueous carriers (almond oil, fractionated coconut oil or hydrophobic esters such as glycerin, propylene glycol, and ethanol), preservatives (methylparaben or propylparaben, sorbic acid, etc.), flavorings (synthetic fragrances, natural fragrances, etc.), sweeteners (sucrose, stevia, xylitol, etc.), pH adjusters (sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, etc.), powders (pigments, dyes, resins, etc.), thickeners (gum arabic, methylcellulose, etc.), antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E, etc.), etc.

[0101] application

[0102] This invention also provides applications of the nutritional compositions, foods, or health products described in any embodiment herein, the applications including: (1) Applications for non-therapeutic purposes that promote the development of normal immune organs in infants and young children; (2) Applications for non-therapeutic purposes that promote the proliferation of immune cells in infants and young children; (3) Applications for non-therapeutic purposes to maintain the activity of immune cells in infants and young children; (4) Applications for non-therapeutic purposes to enhance infants' and young children's immune adaptation to daily environmental stimuli; (5) Non-therapeutic applications to improve the intestinal mucosal immune barrier function in infants and young children; (6) Reduce respiratory infections, gastrointestinal infections, or skin and mucous membrane problems caused by weakened immunity; In one or more embodiments, the immune cells are selected from one or more of the following: macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes.

[0103] In one or more embodiments, the immune cells are macrophages and / or neutrophils.

[0104] In one or more implementations, the types of everyday environmental stimuli include: physical stimuli, such as extreme temperatures and sudden temperature changes, excessive ultraviolet radiation, long-term noise pollution above 80 decibels, and low-dose ionizing radiation exposure; chemical stimuli, such as air pollution containing PM2.5, PM10, formaldehyde, benzene, and VOCs, water and food pollution containing heavy metals and pesticide residues, overuse of chemical detergents and disinfectants, and active or passive exposure to tobacco smoke; and biological stimuli, such as continuous exposure to pathogens such as bacteria and viruses in environments such as hospitals and crowded places, long-term exposure to allergens such as dust mites, mold, and pet dander, and intestinal flora imbalance caused by excessive or unclean environmental hygiene.

[0105] In some implementations, the application is performed on healthy mammalian subjects.

[0106] In some implementations, the mammal is a human.

[0107] In some embodiments, the dosage of the medium- and long-chain triglycerides (MLCT) is 0.2 to 36 g / day.

[0108] In some embodiments, the dosage of 1,3-diunsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitoylglycerol triglyceride (UPU) is 0.1 to 48 g / day.

[0109] In some embodiments, the dosage of medium- and long-chain triglycerides (MLCT) is 0.2–36 g / day, for example, 0.2 g / day, 0.3 g / day, 0.4 g / day, 0.5 g / day, 0.6 g / day, 0.7 g / day, 0.8 g / day, 0.9 g / day, 1 g / day, 2 g / day, 3 g / day, 4 g / day, 5 g / day, 6 g / day, 7 g / day, 8 g / day, 9 g / day, 10 g / day, 11 g / day, 12 g / day, 13 g / day, 14 g / day, 15 g / day, 16 g / day, 17 g / day, 18 g / day, 19 g / day, 20 g / day, 21 g / day, 22 g / day, 23 g / day, 24 g / day, 25 g / day, 26 g / day, 27 g / day, 28 g / day, etc. g / day, 29 g / day, 30 g / day, 31 g / day, 32 g / day, 33 g / day, 34 g / day, 35 g / day, or 36 g / day or any range thereof.

[0110] In some embodiments, the dosage of 1,3-diunsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitoylglycerol triglyceride (UPU) is 0.1 to 48.00 g / day, for example, 0.1 g / day, 0.2 g / day, 0.3 g / day, 0.4 g / day, 0.5 g / day, 0.6 g / day, 0.7 g / day, 0.8 g / day, 0.9 g / day, 1 g / day, 2 g / day, 3 g / day, 4 g / day, 5 g / day, 6 g / day, 7 g / day, 8 g / day, 9 g / day, 10 g / day, 11 g / day, 12 g / day, 13 g / day, 14 g / day, 15 g / day, 16 g / day, 17 g / day, 18 g / day, 19 g / day, 20 g / day, 21 g / day, 22 g / day, 23 g / day, 24 g / day, 25 g / day, etc. The daily dose can be 26 g / day, 27 g / day, 28 g / day, 29 g / day, 30 g / day, 31 g / day, 32 g / day, 33 g / day, 34 g / day, 35 g / day, 36 g / day, 37 g / day, 38 g / day, 39 g / day, 40 g / day, 41 g / day, 42 g / day, 43 g / day, 44 g / day, 45 g / day, 46 g / day, 47 g / day, 48 g / day, or any range between these values. Medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides and 1,3-diunsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitoyl triglycerides can be formulated into a combination or preparation for administration to the subject. Alternatively, medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides and 1,3-diunsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitoyl triglycerides can be taken alone, for example, simultaneously or separately. When taken separately, medium- and long-chain triglycerides and 1,3-diunsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitoyl triglycerides can be taken at intervals. Long-chain triglycerides and 1,3-diunsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitoyl triglycerides can also be taken in several divided doses throughout the day. The interval between the two components or the number of times they can be taken separately is readily determined by those skilled in the art.

[0111] Methods to improve animal immunity

[0112] The present invention also provides a method for improving animal immunity, the method comprising applying a composition as described in any embodiment herein to an animal.

[0113] In this document, the animals can be livestock, poultry, aquatic animals, or rodents or mammals, such as pigs, cattle, sheep, chickens, ducks, geese, fish, shrimp, crabs, mice, rabbits, etc. In an exemplary implementation, the animals are Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, including carp, crucian carp, grass carp, snakehead, minnows, etc., preferably zebrafish.

[0114] In the methods described herein, the application frequency can be daily, every two days, every three days, every four days, every five days, every six days, weekly, every two weeks, every three weeks, every four weeks, every month, every three months, every six months, every year, or every two years. In some embodiments, the composition is applied daily for a predetermined number of days. In some embodiments, the treatment period is between about 1 day and about 30 days. In some embodiments, the treatment period is between about 1 month and about 6 months. In some embodiments, the subject applies the composition for a single treatment period. In some embodiments, the subject applies the composition for more than one treatment period.

[0115] In the method described herein, the route of administration can be oral, medicated bath (immersion) or rectal, and can be adjusted according to the dosage form of the composition or the target of administration. For example, it can be administered in water for fish, or directly orally for mice or other animals such as livestock and poultry.

[0116] Other aspects of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise stated, the methods and reagents used in the embodiments are conventional methods and reagents in the art.

[0117] Example

[0118] Reagent source

[0119] In all the following examples, the medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides were derived from medium- and long-chain fatty acid edible oils with a purity of 69%, produced by Qingdao Haizhiyuan Life Science Technology Co., Ltd., with production batch number Y1505-22120101; 1,3-diunsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitoylglycerol triglyceride (UPU) was provided by Qingdao Haizhiyuan Life Science Technology Co., Ltd., and this raw material was a mixture characterized in that the sum of the masses of OPO, OPL, and LPL accounted for 45.97% of the total triglyceride mass, of which the mass of PPP accounted for less than 10% of the total triglyceride mass.

[0120] In the embodiments, unless otherwise specifically stated, the MLCT / UPU ratio refers to the mass ratio of MLCT to UPU. The mass of the UPU is the sum of the masses of OPO, OPL, and LPL.

[0121] AB strain zebrafish: Provided by the fish breeding center of Hangzhou Huante Biotechnology Co., Ltd. All zebrafish were raised in fish culture water at 28°C (water quality: 200 mg of instant sea salt was added to every 1 L of reverse osmosis water, with a conductivity of 450 - 550 μS / cm; pH of 6.5 - 8.5; hardness of 50 - 100 mg / L CaCO3), provided by the company's fish breeding center. The license number for the use of experimental animals is: SYXK (Zhe) 2022 - 0004. The feeding management meets the requirements of international AAALAC accreditation (accreditation number: 001458), and the IACUC ethical review number is: IACUC - 2025 - 12135 - 01.

[0122] Fluorescence microscope: Purchased from an electric focusing continuous zoom fluorescence microscope (AZ100, Nikon, Japan).

[0123] Example 1 Determination of the maximum tolerated concentration (MTC) of a single sample

[0124] Randomly select transgenic neutrophil green fluorescent zebrafish at 3 days post-fertilization (3 dpf) into 6-well plates, with 30 zebrafish in each well (experimental group). The sample was administered in water solution (concentrations are shown in Table 1). At the same time, a normal control group and a model control group were set up, with a volume of 3 mL per well. Except for the normal control group, vinorelbine tartrate injection (batch number 600211003, Jiangsu Hansoh Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., China) was intravenously injected into the remaining experimental groups to establish a zebrafish immune deficiency model. After treatment at 28°C for 48 h, the MTC of the sample for the model zebrafish was measured.

[0125] Table 1. Results of the experiment to explore the concentration for enhancing immune efficacy of the sample (n = 30)

[0126] Note: The MTC of medium and long-chain fatty acid triglyceride is 2000 μg / mL; the MTC of 1,3 - diunsaturated fatty acid - 2 - palmitic acid triglyceride UPU is 2000 μg / mL. The subsequent dosing experimental design was carried out referring to the above MTC.

[0127] Example 2 Experiment for evaluating the immune-enhancing efficacy of the sample (neutrophils)

[0128] Three-day-first-flush (dpf) transgenic green fluorescent zebrafish with neutrophils were randomly selected and placed in 6-well plates, with 30 zebrafish treated in each well (experimental group). Water-soluble samples (concentrations shown in Table 2) were administered, along with a positive control of 15.0 μg / mL of Bailin capsules. A normal control group and a model control group were also included, with a volume of 3 mL per well. Except for the normal control group, all other experimental groups received intravenous injection of vinorelbine tartrate injection to establish a zebrafish immunodeficiency model. After treatment at 28℃ for 48 h, 10 zebrafish from each experimental group were randomly selected and photographed under a fluorescence microscope. Data were collected using NIS-Elements D 3.20 advanced image processing software, and the number of neutrophils in the zebrafish was analyzed. The statistical analysis results of this index were used to evaluate the immune-enhancing efficacy of the samples. Statistical results are expressed as mean ± SE. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. P < 0.05 indicates that the difference is statistically significant.

[0129] Table 2. Results of the immune-enhancing efficacy evaluation (neutrophils) of the samples (n = 10)

[0130] Note: P indicates the significance of each group compared to the normal control group.

[0131] From Table 2, Figure 1 The results showed that, compared with the model control group, the groups treated with MLCT (750 µg / mL, 1500 µg / mL) and UPU (2000 µg / mL) had a significantly increased number of neutrophils. P <0.05), indicating that the single sample has the effect of improving immunity. Furthermore, compared with the model control, the combination of MLCT and UPU (formulas 1-5) significantly improved immunity, specifically manifested in a significant increase in the number of neutrophils. P <0.05). Furthermore, in Table 2, formulations 1, 1 (comparative example), and 6 (comparative example) increased the number of neutrophils by 25.9, 6.5, and 18.1 respectively compared to the model control. The increase in neutrophil count in formulation 1 compared to the model control was greater than the sum of 1 (comparative example) and 6 (comparative example), indicating a synergistic effect between MLCT and UPU at this ratio. Similarly, formulations 2-5 also showed a synergistic effect, meaning that MLCT and UPU exerted a synergistic effect in improving immunity when the ratio was 0.2-6.8.

[0132] Example 3: Evaluation of Sample-Enhanced Immunotherapy (Intestinal Goblet Cells) Experiment

[0133] Wild-type AB strain zebrafish (3 dpf) were randomly selected and placed in culture dishes. Except for the normal control group, all experimental groups were treated with TNBS (toluene-to-protein salt) to establish a zebrafish intestinal mucosal injury model. After treatment at 28℃ for 2 days, the TNBS was removed and the zebrafish were divided into 6-well plates, with 30 zebrafish treated in each well (experimental group). Samples were administered in water (concentrations shown in Table 3). The positive control group received prednisone at a concentration of 15.0 μg / mL. A normal control group and a model control group were also included, with a volume of 3 mL per well. After further treatment at 28℃ for 2 days, the zebrafish were stained with Alcian blue. After staining, 10 zebrafish from each group were randomly selected and photographed under a dissecting microscope. Images were saved, and data were collected using NIS-Elements D 3.20 advanced image processing software. The number of goblet cells in the zebrafish was analyzed, and the statistical analysis results of this index were used to evaluate the immune-enhancing efficacy of the samples on zebrafish. Statistical results are expressed as mean ± SE. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. P < 0.05 indicates that the difference is statistically significant.

[0134] Table 3. Evaluation results of immune-enhancing efficacy of samples (intestinal goblet cells) (n = 10)

[0135] Note: P indicates the significance of each group compared to the normal control group.

[0136] From Table 3, Figure 2 The results showed that, compared with the model control group, the groups treated with MLCT (1500 µg / mL) and UPU (2000 µg / mL) had a significantly increased number of intestinal goblet cells. P <0.05), indicating that the single sample has the effect of improving immunity. Furthermore, compared with the model control, the combination of MLCT and UPU (formulas 1-5) significantly improved immunity, specifically manifested in a significant increase in the number of intestinal goblet cells. P <0.05). Furthermore, in Table 3, formulations 1, 1 (comparative example), and 6 increased the number of intestinal goblet cells by 64.8, 17.3, and 39.1 respectively compared to the model control. The increase in the number of intestinal goblet cells by formulation 1 compared to the model control was greater than the sum of 1 (comparative example) and 6 (comparative example), indicating a synergistic effect between MLCT and UPU at this ratio. Similarly, formulations 2-5 also showed a synergistic effect, meaning that MLCT and UPU exerted a synergistic effect in improving immunity when the ratio was 0.2-6.8.

[0137] Example 4: Evaluation of Sample-Enhanced Immunotherapy (Macrophage) Experiment

[0138] 30 zebrafish with 3 dpf transgenic macrophages and green fluorescent fluorescence were randomly selected and placed in 6-well plates, with each well (experimental group) containing 30 zebrafish. Samples (concentrations shown in Table 4) were administered in water-soluble form, along with a positive control of Bailin capsules (batch number 2307029D, Hangzhou Sino-American East China Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., solvent: standard dilution water) at a concentration of 15.0 μg / mL. A normal control group and a model control group were also included, with a volume of 3 mL per well. Except for the normal control group, all other experimental groups received intravenous injection of vinorelbine tartrate injection to establish a zebrafish immunodeficiency model. After treatment at 28℃ for 48 h, 10 zebrafish from each experimental group were randomly selected and photographed under a fluorescence microscope. Data were collected using NIS-Elements D 3.20 advanced image processing software, and the fluorescence intensity of zebrafish macrophages was analyzed. The statistical analysis results of this index were used to evaluate the immune-enhancing efficacy of the samples. Statistical results are expressed as mean ± SE. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. P < 0.05 indicates that the difference is statistically significant.

[0139] Table 4. Results of the immune-enhancing efficacy evaluation (macrophages) of the samples (n = 10)

[0140] Note: P indicates the significance of each group compared to the normal control group.

[0141] From Table 4, Figure 3 The results showed that, compared with the model control group, the macrophage fluorescence intensity (pixels) in the groups treated with MLCT (750 µg / mL, 1500 µg / mL) and UPU (2000 µg / mL) was significantly enhanced (P < 0.05), suggesting that the single sample had the effect of improving immunity. Furthermore, compared with the model control, the combined use of MLCT and UPU (formulas 1-5) significantly improved immunity, specifically manifested in a significant increase in macrophage fluorescence intensity (pixels). P <0.05). Furthermore, in Table 4, formulation 1 and comparative example 6 increased macrophage fluorescence intensity by 42081 pixels and 34984 pixels respectively compared to the model control, while comparative example 1 decreased it by 4417 pixels. The increase in macrophage fluorescence intensity of formulation 1 compared to the model control was greater than the sum of comparative examples 1 and 6, indicating a synergistic effect between MLCT and UPU at this ratio. Similarly, formulations 2-5 also showed a synergistic effect, meaning that MLCT and UPU exerted a synergistic effect in improving immunity when the ratio was 0.2-6.8.

[0142] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. Use of a nutritional composition or a formulation comprising said nutritional composition, including: (1) Uses in food preparation (2) Uses in the preparation of health products that improve immune function. (3) Use in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for improving immunity, (4) Non-therapeutic uses to promote the development of normal immune organs, (5) Non-therapeutic uses to promote the proliferation of immune cells, (6) Non-therapeutic uses to maintain the activity of immune cells, (7) Non-therapeutic uses to enhance immune adaptation to daily environmental stimuli. (8) Non-therapeutic uses to improve intestinal barrier function, The nutritional composition comprises medium- and long-chain triglycerides (MLCT) and 1,3-diunsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitoyl triglycerides (UPU).

2. The use as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the MLCT to the UPU is from 0.2:1 to 6.8:

1.

3. The use as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The UPU includes one or more of OPO, OPL and LPL.

4. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that, The UPU is derived from a UPU composition in which the total triglyceride content is 100%, and the sum of the masses of OPO, OPL and LPL is greater than or equal to 35%.

5. The use as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The food products include: ordinary food, health food, food for special medical purposes, or infant formula.

6. The use as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The food products mentioned are infant food, children's food, teenagers' food, young adults' food, middle-aged food, or elderly food.

7. The use as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The food products mentioned are infant formula, baby food, children's formula, children's snacks, formula milk powder for pregnant women, milk powder for middle-aged and elderly people, or nutritional or dietary supplements.

8. The use as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The improvement of immunity includes one or more of the following: promoting the development of normal immune organs, promoting the proliferation of immune cells, maintaining the activity of immune cells, enhancing immune adaptation to daily environmental stimuli, or improving intestinal barrier function.

9. The use as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The immune cells are selected from one or more of the following: macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, T lymphocytes, or B lymphocytes.

10. The use as described in claim 8, wherein the improvement of intestinal barrier function comprises: It can promote an increase in the number of goblet cells in the intestine, promote mucin secretion, reduce intestinal permeability, or repair damage to the intestinal mucosa, or one or more of these effects.

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