Heat management air blown fiber aerogel and method of making and use thereof

Abstract

A heat management type air-blown fiber aerogel, its preparation method, and its application are disclosed. In the preparation process, polyacrylonitrile is dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide to obtain a base solution. Graphene oxide and silica nanoparticles are then added sequentially and stirred until uniformly dispersed to obtain a precursor solution. The precursor solution is injected into an air-blown spinning device, and air-blown spinning is performed with the following settings: air pressure 0.2 MPa, receiving distance 60 cm, solution flow rate 20 mL / h, ambient temperature 22℃, and relative humidity 45±2%. The composite fiber aerogel is then collected on a collector. This invention achieves large-scale preparation of composite fiber aerogels through air-blown spinning, significantly improving spinning efficiency and achieving a product thickness of up to 2 cm. The obtained composite fiber aerogel reaches a surface temperature of 54.8℃ and a water evaporation rate of 2.44 kg·m under simulated sunlight. ‑2 ·h ‑1 After multiple cycles, its performance did not show significant degradation and it can be applied to solar water distillation, seawater desalination and brackish water purification.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of functional materials and thermal management, and particularly relates to a composite fiber aerogel for heat management and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a polyacrylonitrile / graphene oxide / silicon dioxide composite fiber aerogel prepared by using a gas blowing spinning process, and application of the composite fiber aerogel in solar water distillation and seawater desalination. BACKGROUND

[0002] Thermal management is a common key technology in materials engineering, energy utilization, and water treatment. High photothermal conversion efficiency, low thermal conductivity, and structural stability are core indicators for evaluating the performance of thermal management materials. With the increasing demands for energy efficiency in applications such as solar water distillation and seawater desalination, thermal management materials possessing these properties and the ability to be mass-produced have become crucial for driving the industrial application of related technologies. Existing thermal management materials have significant shortcomings in both performance and preparation. While metal-based materials have good thermal conductivity, their high cost and difficulty in achieving large-scale synthesis through simple processes limit their application in cost-sensitive fields such as water distillation. Semiconductor-based materials generally suffer from low photothermal conversion efficiency, making it difficult to achieve efficient and targeted utilization of solar energy. Carbon-based materials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes show potential in light absorption and heat conversion, but single carbon-based materials often struggle to balance hydrophilicity, structural stability, and broad-spectrum absorption. Insufficient hydrophilicity affects capillary water transport in water distillation applications, while poor structural stability restricts the long-term performance of the material. At the material preparation level, the molding processes of existing functional fiber-based thermal management materials also face key bottlenecks. Electrospinning is a common method for preparing nanofiber structures. By stretching a polymer jet using a high-voltage electric field, fine-diameter, small-pore fiber membranes can be obtained, making it widely used in laboratory research. However, the inherent characteristics of electrospinning limit its production efficiency. Spinning rates are typically on the order of milliliters per hour, resulting in limited single-batch production. Product thickness is also constrained by electric field distribution and charge accumulation effects, making it difficult to obtain thick bulk materials and failing to meet the demands of industrial-scale continuous production. This inefficiency and limited production capacity fundamentally hinder the large-scale application of electrospun fiber materials in thermal management. Air-blown spinning, also known as air-jet spinning, is a recently developed high-efficiency fiber forming technology. It utilizes a high-speed airflow to stretch and refine the polymer solution, achieving spinning rates an order of magnitude higher than electrospinning. It also allows for continuous collection and large-area deposition, producing a loose, porous aerogel structure. This structure has natural advantages in heat conduction barrier and light scattering enhancement, making it an ideal building block for constructing high-efficiency thermal management materials. However, research on developing thermally managed composite fiber aerogels based on air-blown spinning is still in its early stages. There is a lack of systematic design for multi-component functional synergy, and standardized protocols from solution formulation to process parameters have not yet been established. The few reported studies have largely focused on exploring the spinnability of single-component fibers, with insufficient research on the composite effects of photothermal functional components such as graphene oxide and optical scattering-enhancing components such as silica. Furthermore, there is a lack of component screening and parameter optimization adapted to mass production processes. In solar water distillation, a crucial application area for thermal management technology, the dual deficiencies in material properties and preparation capabilities are particularly pronounced.Traditional bulk distillation apparatuses suffer from significant heat loss and low energy utilization efficiency. While interfacial heating technology based on nanomaterials can improve evaporation efficiency, it remains limited by the scalability of photothermal materials and their long-term operational stability. Combining the large-scale production advantages of air-blown spinning with multi-component synergistic photothermal control design to develop fibrous aerogel materials that possess both high thermal management performance and scalable production capabilities could potentially fill existing technological gaps and drive technological upgrades in applications such as water distillation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Technical problem solved: To address the difficulty of existing thermal management materials in balancing high-efficiency thermal management performance with large-scale production capability, this invention provides a thermal management type air-blown fiber aerogel, its preparation method, and its application. Through multi-component synergistic design and process parameter optimization, it can achieve high-throughput continuous production of materials while endowing them with excellent photothermal conversion efficiency, low thermal conductivity, and structural stability, meeting the industrial application needs of scenarios such as solar water distillation.

[0004] Technical Solution: A method for preparing a heat-management type air-blown fiber aerogel includes the following steps: (1) dissolving polyacrylonitrile in N,N-dimethylformamide and stirring until completely dissolved to obtain a polyacrylonitrile base solution; wherein, the ratio of polyacrylonitrile to N,N-dimethylformamide is 1.0~1.25 g : 7~9 g. mL; (2) Add graphene oxide to the polyacrylonitrile substrate solution in step (1) and stir until the graphene oxide is completely dispersed to obtain a polyacrylonitrile / graphene oxide composite solution; wherein the amount of graphene oxide added is 12% to 18% of the mass of polyacrylonitrile; (3) Add silica nanoparticles to the polyacrylonitrile / graphene oxide composite solution in step (2) and stir until the silica nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed to obtain a polyacrylonitrile / graphene oxide / silica precursor solution; wherein the amount of silica nanoparticles added is 6% to 9% of the mass of polyacrylonitrile; (4) Perform air-blown spinning on the precursor solution in step (3), set the air pressure to 0.15 to 0.25 MPa, the distance from the needle to the collector to 50 to 70 cm, and the solution flow rate to 15 to 25 mL / h, collect the fibers on the fiber collector, and obtain a composite nanofiber aerogel.

[0005] Preferably, the polyacrylonitrile in step (1) has a molecular weight of 150,000 g / mol and a purity of ≥99.9%, and the ratio of polyacrylonitrile to N,N-dimethylformamide is 1.25 g: 9 mL.

[0006] Preferably, the graphene oxide in step (2) has a two-dimensional sheet structure, and the amount of graphene oxide added is 0.187g.

[0007] Preferably, the amount of silica nanoparticles added in step (3) is 0.094g.

[0008] Preferably, in step (4), the ambient temperature of the air-blown spinning is 22°C, the relative humidity is 45±2%, the volume of the syringe is 50mL, and the thickness of the composite fiber aerogel is 2cm.

[0009] Preferably, the stirring time in steps (1) to (3) is 12 hours.

[0010] The heat management type air-blown fiber aerogel was prepared by the above method.

[0011] The aforementioned composite fiber aerogel is a porous network structure formed by interwoven nanofibers. The nanofibers have a uniform diameter distribution, and the pores of the porous network structure extend throughout the thickness direction of the aerogel.

[0012] The above-mentioned heat-management air-blown fiber aerogels are used in solar water distillation, seawater desalination, or brackish water purification.

[0013] In application, the heat-management air-blown fiber aerogel is placed on the surface of water or floated on the surface of water as a photothermal conversion interface material, and the water is heated and evaporated under light conditions.

[0014] Beneficial Effects: The polyacrylonitrile-graphene-co-silica composite fiber aerogel based on air-blown spinning provided by this invention exhibits significant advantages in thermal management performance, thanks to the synergistic effect among multiple components and the unique porous aerogel structure. Graphene oxide, as the core photothermal component, ensures efficient conversion of solar energy to thermal energy through its broad-spectrum absorption capability. The introduction of nano-silica particles extends the propagation path of photons within the material through light scattering, thereby further enhancing light absorption efficiency. The synergistic effect of these two components allows the material to reach a surface temperature of 54.8℃ under simulated sunlight irradiation, far exceeding that of electrospun polyacrylonitrile-graphene-co ...

[0015] In solar water distillation applications, the photothermal evaporation performance of this composite fiber aerogel also confirms the synergistic effect between its components. Its water evaporation rate reaches 2.44 kg / m² / hour, which is not only superior to electrospun composite films with the same components but also significantly higher than control samples without silica or containing only a single component. The addition of silica effectively inhibits the accumulation of salt crystals on the material surface. Combined with the hydrophilicity brought by the polyacrylonitrile framework and the oxygen-containing functional groups of graphene oxide, the material maintains a photothermal conversion efficiency and evaporation rate of over 95% after five consecutive thermal cycling tests, with no significant degradation in structural integrity, demonstrating excellent long-term operational stability.

[0016] The core advantage of this invention lies in achieving large-scale, controllable preparation of thermally managed fiber aerogels. The air-blown spinning process increases the spinning solution flow rate to 20 mL per hour, far exceeding the 0.7 mL per hour level of electrospinning, resulting in a more than 20-fold increase in single-batch preparation efficiency. Furthermore, by optimizing air pressure, receiving distance, and environmental parameters, bulk aerogels with a thickness of approximately 2 cm and a uniform structure can be obtained, overcoming the fundamental limitation of electrospinning, which can only produce micron-sized thin films and cannot achieve continuous production. During the preparation process, all components are uniformly dispersed without agglomeration, and the spinning solution can be continuously transported for extended periods. Combined with a large-volume syringe and a dedicated collection device, this truly achieves a leap from small-batch laboratory preparation to industrial-scale continuous production, with stable and uniform performance between batches. This provides feasible material and process support for the large-scale application of thermally managed materials in fields such as solar water distillation and seawater desalination. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to illustrate the performance test results of the products of the present invention, including but not limited to photothermal evaporation performance curves, cycle performance, and thermal infrared imaging.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a photograph of the composite nanofiber aerogel collected at an air pressure of 0.2 MPa, a receiving distance of 60 cm, and a flow rate of 20 mL / h.

[0019] Figure 2 The images show the microstructure analysis of the aerogels. (ac) are scanning electron microscope images of PAN, PAN / GO, and PAN / GO / SiO2; (d) are the distribution spectra of nitrogen (N), carbon (C), silicon (Si), and oxygen (O); (e) is the high-angle annular dark-field image of PAN / GO / SiO2; (f) is the superimposed elemental distribution map of PAN / GO / SiO2; (g) is the X-ray diffraction pattern of PAN / GO / SiO2; (h) is the Fourier transform infrared spectrum of PAN / GO / SiO2; and (i) is the Raman spectrum of PAN / GO / SiO2. These findings demonstrate that the fiber aerogels prepared by air-blown spinning have very uniform doping. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of protection of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. The core of this embodiment focuses on the details and parameter control of the large-scale preparation of the air-blown spinning process to ensure that the prepared composite fiber aerogel has efficient thermal management performance.

[0021] The graphene oxide and silicon dioxide nanoparticles used in this invention have the following parameters:

[0022] 1. Graphene oxide with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a carbon-oxygen atomic ratio of 2:1 to 4:1, prepared by a modified Hummers method.

[0023] 2. Silica nanoparticles, with a particle size of 20-50 nm and a specific surface area of ​​150-300 m². 2 / g, prepared by vapor deposition.

[0024] Example 1: Mass production of PAN / GO / SiO2 thermally managed composite fiber aerogel by air-blown spinning

[0025] This embodiment achieves high-throughput, continuous preparation of thermally managed composite fiber aerogels through standardized solution preparation processes and large-scale air-blown spinning parameters. The specific steps are as follows:

[0026] Preparation of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) base solution: Weigh 1.25g of PAN with a molecular weight of 150,000g / mol and a purity ≥99.9%, add it to 9mL of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent, and continuously stir magnetically at room temperature (22℃) for 12 hours to obtain a uniform and transparent PAN base solution. The concentration of this solution is suitable for the large-scale preparation requirements of air-blown spinning, and there is no problem of spinning obstruction caused by excessively high or low viscosity, thus ensuring the integrity of the fiber skeleton structure.

[0027] Preparation of PAN / GO composite solution: 0.187 g of graphene oxide (GO) with a molecular weight of 48,134.19 g / mol, a two-dimensional sheet structure and oxygen-containing functional groups was added to the above PAN substrate solution. The mixture was magnetically stirred for 12 hours until the GO was completely dispersed and there was no obvious agglomeration, thus obtaining the PAN / GO composite solution. The complete dispersion of GO ensures the uniformity of photothermal conversion performance and avoids needle blockage during the spinning process, providing a solution basis for continuous mass spinning.

[0028] Preparation of PAN / GO / SiO2 precursor solution: 0.094 g of nano-sized SiO2 particles with a molecular weight of 60.08 g / mol and light scattering properties were added to the PAN / GO composite solution, and the solution was further magnetically stirred for 12 hours to obtain a uniformly dispersed PAN / GO / SiO2 air-blown spinning precursor solution. This precursor solution can be continuously transported for a long time without component sedimentation, which is suitable for the process requirements of large-scale preparation, and the uniform dispersion of each component ensures the stability of the material's thermal management performance.

[0029] Large-scale production of air-blown spinning: Inject the precursor solution into a 50mL syringe (a large-volume syringe reduces the number of replenishment cycles and ensures continuous production), install it onto the air-blown spinning equipment's propulsion platform, and set the core process parameters for large-scale preparation: air pressure 0.2MPa, distance from needle to fiber-specific collector 60cm, solution flow rate 20mL·h. -1 With an ambient temperature of 22℃ and a relative humidity of 45±2%, the equipment was started for continuous air-blown spinning, forming a uniform nanofiber aerogel with a thickness of approximately 2cm on a fiber-specific collector. This is the PAN / GO / SiO2 thermally managed composite fiber aerogel. Figure 1 This process can achieve continuous spinning for several hours without interruption, and the production volume per batch is much higher than that of electrospinning, truly realizing mass production. Moreover, the prepared aerogel maintains a complete porous structure and has excellent thermal management performance.

[0030] The air-blown spinning process parameters were optimized through orthogonal experiments. Experiments showed that when the air pressure was below 0.15 MPa, fiber refinement was insufficient and the diameter distribution was uneven; when the air pressure was above 0.25 MPa, fiber breakage increased, and the integrity of the aerogel structure decreased. When the receiving distance was less than 50 cm, solvent evaporation was incomplete, and fibers easily adhered; when the receiving distance was greater than 70 cm, fiber deposition efficiency decreased. When the solution flow rate was below 15 mL / h, production efficiency was insufficient; when the flow rate was above 25 mL / h, fiber diameter increased, and specific surface area decreased. Finally, 0.2 MPa, 60 cm, and 20 mL / h were determined to be the optimal parameter combination balancing fiber quality and production efficiency.

[0031] Table 1. Comparison of effects under different air-blown spinning process parameters

[0032]

[0033] Comparative Example 1: Preparation of pure PAN film by electrospinning

[0034] Perform only step 1 of Example 1 to prepare the PAN substrate solution, and prepare a pure PAN film using an electrospinning process. The electrospinning parameters are: voltage 20kV, distance from the needle to the grounded metal collector 15cm, and solution flow rate 0.7mL·h. -1The ambient temperature was 22℃, the relative humidity was 45±2%, and the syringe inner diameter was 0.35cm. This process has a low spinning rate and can only produce thin film products. It has no capacity for large-scale production and no thermal management functional components, resulting in poor thermal management performance.

[0035] Comparative Example 2: Preparation of PAN / GO Composite Film by Electrospinning

[0036] Steps 1 and 2 of Example 1 were performed to prepare a PAN / GO composite solution. The same electrospinning process and parameters as Comparative Example 1 were used to prepare a PAN / GO composite membrane. Due to the low spinning rate and small deposition area, large-scale preparation could not be achieved, and the membrane structure had insufficient porosity, resulting in lower thermal management performance than air-blown fiber aerogel.

[0037] Comparative Example 3: Preparation of PAN / GO / SiO2 Composite Membranes by Electrospinning

[0038] Steps 1-3 of Example 1 were performed to prepare the PAN / GO / SiO2 precursor solution. The same electrospinning process and parameters as Comparative Example 1 were used to prepare the PAN / GO / SiO2 composite membrane, which served as the core reference for the air-blown spinning product of this invention. Although this process can prepare products with the same components, the preparation efficiency is extremely low. It is only suitable for small-batch preparation in the laboratory. Moreover, the product is in the form of a membrane with poor porous structure. Its thermal management performance is significantly different from that of air-blown fiber aerogel, and it cannot meet the large-scale industrial requirements at all.

[0039] Comparative Example 4

[0040] Following the formulation of Example 1, but changing the order of addition, SiO2 was first added to the PAN solution and stirred for 12 hours, followed by GO and stirring for another 12 hours. Composite fiber aerogels were prepared using the same air-blown spinning parameters. Performance tests showed that the surface temperature was 52.3℃ and the water evaporation rate was 2.21 kg·m³. -2 ·h -1 The difference is lower than in Example 1, indicating that GO dispersion before SiO2 is beneficial for forming a better photothermal network structure.

[0041] Comparative Example 5

[0042] Following the formulation of Example 1, while keeping the amounts of PAN and GO constant, the amount of SiO2 was adjusted to 0.047 g, and the same process was used for preparation. Its surface temperature was 53.1℃, and the water evaporation rate was 2.28 kg·m³. -2 ·h -1 The result was lower than in Example 1, indicating that the light scattering enhancement effect was not fully realized due to insufficient SiO2 dosage.

[0043] Comparative Example 6

[0044] Following the formulation of Example 1, while keeping the amounts of PAN and SiO2 constant, the amount of GO was adjusted to 0.094 g, and the same process was used for preparation. The surface temperature was 52.8℃, and the water evaporation rate was 2.24 kg·m³. -2 ·h -1 The result was lower than in Example 1, indicating that insufficient GO dosage reduced the light absorption capacity.

[0045] Performance testing

[0046] The core of the performance testing of this invention revolves around the thermal management performance of air-blown fiber aerogels, while also verifying their application effect in water distillation scenarios, comparing the performance differences between air-blown and electrospun products, and the mass production efficiency of the air-blown spinning process.

[0047] 1. Thermal Management Core Performance Test

[0048] An indoor solar simulator (AM1.5G filter, 1000W·m) was used. -2 Simulated sunlight was used to monitor the surface temperature (a key indicator of photothermal conversion efficiency) of the products from Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 in real time using an infrared camera. The test results were as follows: Example 1 (air-blown spun fiber aerogel) surface temperature 54.8℃; Comparative Example 1 (electrospun pure PAN film) 35.2℃; Comparative Example 2 (electrospun PAN / GO film) 51.2℃; Comparative Example 3 (electrospun PAN / GO / SiO2 film) 54.7℃. The results indicate that the photothermal conversion efficiency of the air-blown fiber aerogel of this invention is significantly better than that of the electrospun reference products, demonstrating outstanding thermal management performance.

[0049] 2. Stability Test

[0050] The air-blown spun composite fiber aerogel of Example 1 was subjected to five consecutive thermal cycling tests under sunlight (each cycle lasting 60 minutes, simulating the actual use scenario of water distillation). The test results showed that the photothermal conversion performance of the material did not significantly decrease, the surface temperature remained above 53°C, and the material structure was intact without crystal accumulation. It exhibited excellent long-term operational stability and was suitable for the continuous use requirements of actual engineering projects.

[0051] 3. Large-scale preparation efficiency test

[0052] A comparison of the production volume, product thickness, and continuous production capacity of air-blown spinning and electrospinning reveals that air-blown spinning produces more than 20 times the product volume of electrospinning in the same time period, and can achieve continuous production for several hours without interruption. In contrast, electrospinning can only produce micron-sized thin molds, the spinning process is easily interrupted, and it lacks large-scale production capacity. This fully demonstrates the absolute advantage of air-blown spinning in the large-scale production of thermally managed fiber materials.

[0053] 4. Water distillation application verification test

[0054] The products of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were applied to a solar water distillation scenario. Under sunlight, changes in water quality were monitored in real time using an electronic balance, and the evaporation rate was calculated. The test results were as follows: Evaporation rate of Example 1: 2.44 kg·m³ -2 ·h -1 It is far superior to Comparative Example 3 (2.16 kg·m -2 ·h -1 Comparative Example 2 (1.87 kg·m -2 ·h -1 Comparative Example 1 (1.06 kg·m -2 ·h -1 The results show that the efficient thermal management performance of air-blown fiber aerogels can effectively improve water distillation efficiency, verifying the practicality and application scalability of the material.

[0055] Table 2 Comparison of surface temperature and water evaporation rate of samples from the embodiments of the present invention and various electrospinning reference groups.

[0056]

[0057] The test results above demonstrate that the PAN / GO / SiO2 composite fiber aerogel prepared by the air-blown spinning process of this invention enhances thermal management performance through the synergistic effect of the three components PAN, GO, and SiO2. Combined with the core advantages of the air-blown spinning process, it achieves continuous, high-throughput, and large-scale material preparation. This not only significantly outperforms various electrospun reference products in key thermal management indicators such as photothermal conversion and heat-oriented utilization, but also thoroughly solves the industry pain points of low preparation efficiency and difficulty in large-scale application of existing thermal management fiber materials. Simultaneously, the material possesses excellent structural stability and resistance to salt precipitation, making it a highly efficient thermal management fiber aerogel with significant industrial application value. Its corresponding large-scale preparation method provides core material and process support for the industrialization of thermal management technology.

[0058] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a heat-management type air-blown fiber aerogel, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: (1) dissolving polyacrylonitrile in N,N-dimethylformamide and stirring until completely dissolved to obtain a polyacrylonitrile base solution; wherein the ratio of polyacrylonitrile to N,N-dimethylformamide is 1.0-1.25 g : 7-9 mL; (2) adding graphene oxide to the polyacrylonitrile base solution in step (1) and stirring until the graphene oxide is completely dispersed to obtain a polyacrylonitrile / graphene oxide composite solution; wherein the amount of graphene oxide added is 12%-18% of the mass of polyacrylonitrile; (3) adding silica nanoparticles to the polyacrylonitrile / graphene oxide composite solution in step (2) and stirring until the silica nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed to obtain a polyacrylonitrile / graphene oxide / silica precursor solution; wherein the amount of silica nanoparticles added is 6%-9% of the mass of polyacrylonitrile; (4) performing air-blown spinning on the precursor solution in step (3), setting the air pressure to 0.15-0.25 MPa and the distance from the needle to the collector to 50-70 mm. At a flow rate of 15–25 mL / h, fibers are collected on a fiber collector to obtain composite nanofiber aerogel.

2. The method for preparing heat management type air-blown fiber aerogel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polyacrylonitrile mentioned in step (1) has a molecular weight of 150,000 g / mol and a purity of ≥99.9%. The ratio of the amount of polyacrylonitrile to N,N-dimethylformamide is 1.25 g: 9 mL.

3. The method for preparing heat management type air-blown fiber aerogel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The graphene oxide mentioned in step (2) has a two-dimensional sheet structure, and the amount of graphene oxide added is 0.187g.

4. The method for preparing the heat management type air-blown fiber aerogel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount of silica nanoparticles added in step (3) is 0.094g.

5. The method for preparing the heat management type air-blown fiber aerogel according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (4), the ambient temperature of the air-blown spinning process is 22°C, the relative humidity is 45±2%, the volume of the syringe is 50mL, and the thickness of the composite fiber aerogel is 2cm.

6. The method for preparing the heat management type air-blown fiber aerogel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring time in steps (1) to (3) is 12 hours.

7. A heat-management air-blown fiber aerogel prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The heat management type air-blown fiber aerogel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The composite fiber aerogel is a porous network structure formed by interwoven nanofibers. The nanofibers have a uniform diameter distribution, and the pores of the porous network structure extend throughout the thickness direction of the aerogel.

9. The application of the heat management type air-blown fiber aerogel according to claim 7 in solar water distillation, seawater desalination or brackish water purification.

10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that, The heat-management air-blown fiber aerogel is placed on or floats on the surface of water as a photothermal conversion interface material, and performs interfacial heating and evaporation of water under light conditions.

Images