A method and system for predicting the content of vomitoxin in corn syrup

Abstract

The present application is suitable for the technical field of grain processing quality control, and provides a method and system for predicting the content of vomitoxin in corn syrup, which comprises the following steps: mixing contaminated corn raw materials with a soaking liquid containing SO2 source and lactic acid, and simulating the countercurrent soaking process of corn wet processing, during which, every time interval, the operation of pouring the syrup and the collection of soaking liquid samples are carried out; determining the content of vomitoxin in the soaking liquid samples to obtain determination data; according to the determination data, a migration model of vomitoxin from corn raw materials to corn syrup in the countercurrent soaking process of corn wet processing is constructed, and the model parameters are obtained by fitting; according to the model parameters, a prediction model of the content of vomitoxin in corn syrup is determined, and the content of vomitoxin in corn syrup in the corn wet processing is predicted according to the prediction model. The method can guide the optimization of corn syrup production process, effectively control vomitoxin in the processing process, and ultimately ensure product quality and safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of grain processing quality control technology, and in particular relates to a method and system for predicting the content of vomitoxin in corn steep liquor. Background Technology

[0002] Corn can be processed into food ingredients such as cornmeal and corn grits to meet human consumption and animal feed needs, and it can also be further processed into high-value-added products such as corn starch, corn oil, and alcohol. Globally, approximately 10% of corn production is processed using the wet process. The wet process involves soaking and softening corn, then sequentially separating the germ through coarse grinding, separating the fiber through fine grinding, and finally separating the protein powder and starch using centrifugation technology, ultimately yielding corn starch and related byproducts. The soaking liquid obtained after countercurrent soaking is evaporated and concentrated to form corn steep liquor (CSL), which has a dry matter content exceeding 40%. CSL is rich in nutrients and can serve as a high-quality source of feed protein. When contaminated corn is used in wet processing, mycotoxins can migrate during the process, ultimately contaminating the CSL.

[0003] Mycotoxins are widely present in grains and their processed products. To protect human and animal safety, limits on mycotoxins in food and feed are necessary. Vomitoxin poses significant risks to both humans and animals. Consuming grains and products contaminated with vomitoxin can damage the digestive and immune systems, and may also affect reproductive development. Vomitoxin is a common mycotoxin contaminant in corn. Due to its high water solubility, it migrates in large quantities into the soaking solution during the wet processing of corn. The concentrated corn steep liquor from this solution is primarily used to process corn husks for animal feed. If the corn raw materials used for wet processing have a high vomitoxin content, the resulting corn steep liquor may be unusable, affecting not only the yield of corn husks but also requiring additional investment in harmless treatment.

[0004] Because current technologies lack models for the migration of vomitoxin from raw corn to corn steep liquor during wet corn processing, individual wet corn processing enterprises are unable to determine the limit standards for vomitoxin in raw corn, often resulting in economic losses. Therefore, studying the migration patterns of vomitoxin from raw corn to corn steep liquor during wet corn processing and establishing reliable predictive models has significant practical value. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for predicting the content of vomitoxin in corn steep liquor, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] This invention is implemented as follows: a method for predicting the content of vomitoxin in corn steep liquor, comprising the following steps:

[0007] The contaminated corn raw material was mixed with a soaking solution containing SO2 source and lactic acid, and the countercurrent soaking process of corn wet processing was simulated. During the soaking process, the pulping operation and soaking solution sample collection were carried out at preset time intervals.

[0008] The content of vomitoxin in the soaking solution sample was determined, and the measurement data were obtained;

[0009] Based on the measured data, a migration model of vomitoxin from corn raw material to corn steep liquor during countercurrent soaking in wet corn processing was constructed, and the model parameters were obtained by fitting the model.

[0010] Based on the model parameters, a prediction model for the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor was determined, and the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor from wet corn processing was predicted based on the prediction model.

[0011] Furthermore, the SO2 source in the soaking solution has a mass content of 0.2%-0.25%, and the lactic acid has a mass content of 0.5%-0.55%.

[0012] Furthermore, the method for preparing the soaking solution includes the following steps:

[0013] Sodium bisulfite was used as the SO2 source. Sodium bisulfite was mixed with lactic acid, and the pH of the solution was adjusted to 3.2±0.5. Deionized water was then added to make up the volume to obtain the soaking solution.

[0014] Furthermore, the mass-to-volume ratio of the contaminated corn raw material to the soaking solution is 1g:(2.5-3)mL.

[0015] Furthermore, the method for determining the content of vomitoxin in the soaking solution sample is high performance liquid chromatography.

[0016] Furthermore, the method for constructing the migration model includes the following steps:

[0017] Assuming that the residual vomitoxin content in corn raw materials decreases at a rate of 1-day after each preset soaking time, the change law of vomitoxin in corn raw materials is defined as follows:

[0018] ;

[0019] Where d is the coefficient of variation of vomitoxin content in corn raw material, reflecting the change of vomitoxin content in corn with soaking time; X j The content of vomitoxin in the corn raw material in the j-th soaking tank;

[0020] Assume that within a preset time period, the migration amount ΔY of vomitoxin from the corn raw material into the soaking solution is... jThe variation of vomitoxin in the soaking solution is positively correlated with the difference in vomitoxin content between the corn raw material and the soaking solution at this time. Therefore, the migration law of vomitoxin in the soaking solution is defined as follows:

[0021] ;

[0022] Where k is the mass transfer coefficient, reflecting the migration rate of vomitoxin; Y i,j The content of vomitoxin in the soaking solution flowing into the j-th soaking tank;

[0023] Meanwhile, in countercurrent soaking, the process flow is as follows:

[0024] ;

[0025] Among them, Y e,j The content of vomitoxin in the soaking solution flowing out of the j-th soaking tank;

[0026] Based on the variation pattern of vomitoxin in corn raw materials, the migration pattern of vomitoxin in soaking solution, and the process relationship of countercurrent soaking, a migration model of vomitoxin from corn raw materials to corn steep liquor in countercurrent soaking during wet processing of corn was determined.

[0027] Furthermore, the fitting method is the least squares method; the model parameters include the variation coefficient d and the mass transfer coefficient k.

[0028] Furthermore, the expression for the prediction model is:

[0029] ;

[0030] In the formula, Y is the predicted value of vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor; X0 is the vomitoxin content in the initial corn raw material; and A is the concentration factor, representing the degree of corn steep liquor concentration.

[0031] Another object of the present invention is to provide a prediction system for the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor, for implementing the above-mentioned method for predicting the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor, comprising:

[0032] The countercurrent soaking simulation module is used to mix contaminated corn raw materials with soaking solution containing SO2 source and lactic acid, and to simulate the countercurrent soaking process of corn wet processing. During the soaking process, the pulping operation and soaking solution sample collection are performed at preset time intervals.

[0033] The data acquisition module is used to determine the content of vomitoxin in the soaking solution sample and obtain the measurement data;

[0034] The migration model construction module constructs a migration model of vomitoxin from corn raw material to corn steep liquor during countercurrent soaking in wet corn processing, and then fits the model to obtain the model parameters.

[0035] The vomitoxin content prediction module determines the prediction model for vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor and predicts the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor from wet-processed corn based on the prediction model.

[0036] The method for predicting the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor provided by this invention can be applied to wet corn processing and has significant practical value. On the one hand, it can provide corn wet processing enterprises with scientific corn raw material acquisition standards, reducing the risk of contamination by vomitoxin and other fungal toxins from the source. On the other hand, it can accurately predict the content of vomitoxin and other fungal toxins in the processing by-product corn steep liquor, providing technical support for the safe utilization of corn steep liquor. At the same time, this method can also guide the optimization of corn steep liquor production processes, achieving effective control of vomitoxin during processing and ultimately ensuring product quality and safety. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for predicting the content of vomitoxin in corn steep liquor according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0039] In the countercurrent soaking process of corn wet processing, in response to the problem of vomitoxin migration from corn to the soaking solution, this invention establishes a predictive model for vomitoxin migration, solving the problem of predicting the vomitoxin content in corn syrup in corn wet processing plants.

[0040] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, a method for predicting the content of vomitoxin in corn steep liquor is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0041] S1. The contaminated corn raw material is mixed with a soaking solution containing SO2 source and lactic acid, and the countercurrent soaking process of corn wet processing is simulated. During the soaking process, the pulping operation and soaking solution sample collection are performed at preset time intervals.

[0042] S2. Determine the content of vomitoxin in the soaking solution sample and obtain the measurement data;

[0043] S3. Based on the measured data, a migration model of vomitoxin from corn raw material to corn steep liquor during countercurrent soaking in wet corn processing was constructed, and the model parameters were obtained by fitting the model.

[0044] S4. Based on the model parameters, determine the prediction model for the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor, and predict the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor from wet corn processing based on the prediction model.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass content of SO2 source in the soaking solution is 0.2%-0.25%, and the mass content of lactic acid is 0.5%-0.55%.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing the soaking solution includes the following steps:

[0047] Sodium bisulfite was used as the SO2 source. Sodium bisulfite was mixed with lactic acid, and the pH of the solution was adjusted to 3.2±0.5. Deionized water was then added to make up the volume to obtain the soaking solution.

[0048] In practical applications, the preferred mass content of SO2 source in the soaking solution is 0.2%, and the preferred mass content of lactic acid is 0.5%.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass-to-volume ratio of the contaminated corn raw material to the soaking solution is 1g:(2.5-3)mL.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for determining the content of vomitoxin in the soaking solution sample is high performance liquid chromatography.

[0051] Example 1: This example provides a method for constructing a predictive model for vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0052] I. Preparation of soaking solution: Accurately weigh 2g of sodium bisulfite (as an SO2 source, corresponding to 0.2% SO2 content) and place it in an Erlenmeyer flask. Add 3.52g of lactic acid, adjust the pH of the solution to 3.2±0.5 using NaOH solution, and then add deionized water to a total solution volume of 600mL to prepare a soaking solution containing 0.2% (mass fraction) SO2, 0.5% (mass fraction) lactic acid, and pH=3.2±0.5 for later use.

[0053] II. Countercurrent Soaking Simulation: In this embodiment of the invention, a countercurrent soaking simulation system for corn wet processing is applied. The soaking temperature is set to 50℃, and a countercurrent soaking experiment is conducted to simulate the process flow of a corn wet processing plant, as detailed below:

[0054] 1. Mix the contaminated corn raw material with the prepared soaking solution at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1g:3mL and soak. Circulate the soaking solution by turning on the internal circulation pump of the counter-current soaking system. After 6 hours of soaking, perform a backfilling operation: keeping the corn raw material in the soaking tank still, pump the soaking solution from the soaking tank into the next soaking tank using the external circulation system's transfer pump. This soaking solution contacts the newly added corn raw material in the tank, ensuring the continuity of the counter-current soaking. Perform the backfilling operation every 6 hours following this process until the prepared soaking solution is added to the soaking tank where the corn has been soaked for 30 hours. The corn raw material in this tank continues to soak until the total soaking time reaches 36 hours, at which point it is discharged. This method is repeated to sequentially transfer the soaking solution from each soaking tank to the soaking tank with the shortest corn soaking time, ultimately completing the counter-current soaking of one batch of corn raw material.

[0055] 2. Sample Collection and Detection: Samples of the soaking solution were taken from each soaking tank after every 6 hours of cyclic soaking and before the pouring operation. The content of deoxygenin (DON) in the samples was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The measured data are shown in Table 1. Specific detection conditions were as follows: a C18 column adapted to the short UV absorption characteristics of DON was used; the detection wavelength was 218 nm; the mobile phase was methanol-water (volume ratio 2:8, v / v); the flow rate was 0.8 mL / min; the column temperature was 35℃; and the injection volume was 50 μL to ensure effective separation.

[0056] III. To quantify the migration behavior of vomitoxin from corn raw material to corn steep liquor, this embodiment of the invention constructs a migration model of vomitoxin from corn raw material to corn steep liquor during countercurrent soaking in wet corn processing based on the above experimental data. The specific method for establishing the model includes the following steps:

[0057] 1. Variation pattern of vomitoxin content in corn: As soaking time increases, the corn raw material gradually comes into contact with fresher soaking solution, and the vomitoxin content in the corn raw material decreases. Based on this, assuming that the residual vomitoxin content of the corn raw material decreases at a rate of 1-d after each preset soaking time stage, the variation pattern of vomitoxin in the corn raw material is defined as follows (i.e., for the corn raw material in the j-th soaking tank, its vomitoxin content X...). j The vomitoxin content X of the corn raw material in the (j+1)th soaking tank j+1 The relationship is:

[0058] (1);

[0059] Where d is the coefficient of variation of vomitoxin content in corn raw material, reflecting the change of vomitoxin content in corn with soaking time; X j X represents the vomitoxin content in the corn raw material in the j-th soaking tank; j=1~5 corresponds to the 1st~5th soaking tanks, and the 6th soaking tank is the initial unsoaked corn raw material, whose vomitoxin content is X0.

[0060] Migration patterns of vomitoxin in the soaking solution: After soaking corn feed in the j-th soaking tank for 6 hours, vomitoxin migrates, and this migration follows a concentration gradient-driven mass transfer law. Based on this, we assume that the amount of vomitoxin migrating from the corn feed to the soaking solution, ΔY, occurs within a preset time period. j The variation law of vomitoxin in the soaking solution is defined as follows: This variation is positively correlated with the difference in vomitoxin content (concentration) between the corn raw material and the soaking solution at this time.

[0061] (2);

[0062] Where k is the mass transfer coefficient, reflecting the migration rate of vomitoxin; Y i,j The content of vomitoxin (μg / L) in the soaking solution flowing into the jth soaking tank;

[0063] Meanwhile, in countercurrent soaking, the process flow is as follows:

[0064] (3);

[0065] Among them, Y e,j The vomitoxin content (μg / L) in the soaking solution flowing out of the jth soaking tank;

[0066] Based on the variation pattern of vomitoxin in corn raw materials, the migration pattern of vomitoxin in soaking solution, and the process relationship of countercurrent soaking, a migration model of vomitoxin from corn raw materials to corn steep liquor in countercurrent soaking during wet processing of corn was determined.

[0067] Specifically, regarding the vomitoxin content in corn feedstock, among which:

[0068] Vomitoxin content in corn raw material in soaking tank 6: X6 = X0;

[0069] Vomitoxin content in corn raw material in soaking tank 5: X5 = X6 * (1-d) = X0 * (1-d);

[0070] Vomitoxin content in corn raw material in soaking tank 4: X4 = X5 * (1-d) = X0 * (1-d) 2 ;

[0071] Similarly, the vomitoxin content in the corn raw material in the first soaking tank is: X1 = X2 * (1 - d) 2 =X0*(1-d) 5 .

[0072] Regarding the migration of vomitoxin in the soaking solution, among which:

[0073] When j=1, Y i,1=0 (the initial fresh soaking solution does not contain vomitoxin);

[0074] At this point, the migration amount of vomitoxin in the first soaking tank is:

[0075] ;

[0076] The vomitoxin content in the soaking solution flowing out of the first soaking tank was:

[0077] Y e,1 =Y i,1 + =k X0*(1-d) 5 ;

[0078] When j=2, Y i,2 =Y e,1 =k X0*(1-d) 5 ;

[0079] At this point, the migration amount of vomitoxin in the second soaking tank is:

[0080] ;

[0081] The vomitoxin content in the soaking solution flowing out of the second soaking tank was:

[0082] Y e,2 =Y i,2 + =k X0*(1-d) 5 +k X0*(1-d) 4 1-k ;

[0083] By summing up the migration amount of vomitoxin in each container, the final vomitoxin content Y in the soaking solution is obtained. s The equation (i.e., the transfer model) is:

[0084] (4);

[0085] 2. Model parameter fitting: The experiment obtained valid measurement data for three batches of corn (as shown in Table 1). The initial vomitoxin content in the corn raw materials was X. 01 =5712.45μg / kg (batch 1), X 02 =6203.18μg / kg (batch two) and X 03 =9812.54μg / kg (batch three), after 36 hours of countercurrent soaking, the final vomitoxin content in the soaking solution was Y s1=3414.294μg / L, Y s2 =4000.89μg / L and Y s3 =7778.80 μg / L. Using the initial vomitoxin content X0 in the corn feedstock as the independent variable, the vomitoxin content Y in the soaking solution after countercurrent soaking... s As the dependent variable, the least squares fitting yielded: d = 0.07, k = 0.75, R0.07 2 =0.8918.

[0086] Table 1. Vomitoxin content in the soaking solution during the countercurrent soaking process (μg / L)

[0087]

[0088] 3. Predictive Model Establishment: Based on the above transfer model and the model parameters obtained from the fitting, a predictive model for the content of vomitoxin in countercurrent soaked corn steep liquor is further established, as follows:

[0089] Real-time vomitoxin content in corn raw materials: In the countercurrent soaking process of corn wet processing, the j-th soaking tank corresponds to the stage where the corn has completed 6−j soakings and has j soakings remaining; at this time, the vomitoxin content in the corn raw materials is:

[0090] (5);

[0091] Prediction of vomitoxin content in the final soaking solution: Substituting d=0.07 and k=0.75 into equation (4), the result is:

[0092] (6);

[0093] Prediction of vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor: In actual corn steep liquor production, the concentration of the soaking solution to the corn steep liquor is determined by the concentration factor A (mass ratio of soaking solution to corn steep liquor, A=m) corresponding to the factory process. 浸泡液 / m 玉米浆 (This needs to be determined based on the specific factory conditions). Therefore, the final content of vomitoxin in the corn steep liquor after countercurrent soaking (i.e., the predicted model) is:

[0094] (7);

[0095] Where Y is the predicted value of vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor; X0 is the vomitoxin content in the initial corn raw material; and A is the concentration factor, representing the degree of corn steep liquor concentration.

[0096] It is noteworthy that vomitoxin, as a water-soluble fungal toxin, exhibits a rapid migration into the soaking solution during countercurrent soaking. For different batches of corn, the vomitoxin content in the corn steep liquor showed a continuous increasing trend with prolonged soaking time. Since the initial soaking solution first came into contact with the corn raw material soaked for 30 hours (5 times) (which did not contain vomitoxin), no vomitoxin was detected in the corn steep liquor after 6 hours of soaking. After 36 hours of countercurrent soaking, the concentration of vomitoxin in the corn steep liquor increased to varying degrees. This is because the soaking solution in the later stages of countercurrent soaking came into contact with corn raw material that had been soaked fewer times and had a higher vomitoxin content. The concentration of vomitoxin in the corn steep liquor was mainly affected by the level of vomitoxin contamination in the corn raw material and the concentration of vomitoxin in the soaking solution, with the effect of the level of vomitoxin contamination in the corn raw material being more significant.

[0097] Example 2: This example is an accuracy verification experiment for the above prediction model, as detailed below:

[0098] I. The vomitoxin content in a batch of purchased corn raw materials was determined, and the contamination level of vomitoxin in the corn raw materials was 742.70 μg / kg. The vomitoxin content in the corn raw materials and the concentration factor of 6.15 (the concentration factor from the corn soaking solution to the corn steep liquor in this factory is 6.15) were substituted into the prediction model of Example 1. The final processed corn steep liquor contained 3258.07 μg / L of vomitoxin, calculated to be 3258.07 μg / L.

[0099] To verify the accuracy of the prediction model, a countercurrent soaking process was performed on this batch of corn raw materials using a wet processing method. The specific steps are as follows:

[0100] Corn raw materials were mixed with freshly prepared soaking solution (containing 0.2% SO2 source, 0.5% lactic acid, pH=3.2±0.5) at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1g:3mL and then soaked. After soaking for 6 hours, the soaking solution was sampled, followed by a slurry transfer operation: keeping the corn in the soaking tank still, the soaking solution in the soaking tank was pumped into the next soaking tank through the external circulation system's transfer pump. This soaking solution came into contact with newly added contaminated corn raw materials from the same batch. This slurry transfer operation was performed every 6 hours of soaking in this manner until freshly prepared soaking solution was added to the soaking tank where the corn had been soaked for 30 hours. The corn raw materials in the soaking tank then continued to soak until the total soaking time reached 36 hours, at which point the material was discharged.

[0101] Following this method, the soaking solutions from each soaking tank were sequentially poured into soaking tanks with shorter corn soaking times, ultimately completing the countercurrent soaking of one batch of corn raw materials (36 hours). Samples of the soaking solution from each tank were taken after every 6 hours of cyclic soaking and before the pulping operation, and the vomitoxin content in the sampled soaking solution was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The soaking solution was then concentrated to obtain corn steep liquor, and the vomitoxin content in the corn steep liquor was determined to be 3596.24 μg / L.

[0102] As can be seen, the model-predicted value of vomitoxin concentration in corn steep liquor, 3258.07 μg / L, is in good agreement with the measured value of 3596.24 μg / L (see Table 2 for specific results), indicating that the model provided in this embodiment of the invention can predict the concentration of vomitoxin in corn steep liquor during the wet processing of corn.

[0103] Table 2. Concentration of vomitoxin in corn steep liquor of a certain factory

[0104]

[0105] II. Assessment of Corn Raw Material Procurement: Referring to the maximum limits for vomitoxin in food and feed in the EU and my country (as shown in Table 3), the limit for vomitoxin concentration in corn steep liquor is set at 750 μg / L.

[0106] Table 3 Maximum Limits for Vomitoxin in Food and Feed in the EU and my country

[0107]

[0108] Before purchasing corn raw materials, the vomitoxin content of 742.70 μg / kg in the corn raw materials was measured and then input into the prediction model established in this embodiment of the invention. The model calculated a predicted vomitoxin content of 3258.07 μg / L in corn steep liquor. Comparing this to the set maximum vomitoxin limit of 750 μg / L, the predicted value was significantly higher than the set limit, indicating that the corn did not meet the factory's raw material purchasing standards and should not be purchased.

[0109] Example 3: This example is another verification experiment for the accuracy of the above prediction model, as follows:

[0110] I. The vomitoxin content in a batch of purchased corn raw materials was tested, and the initial vomitoxin content was determined to be 154.58 μg / kg. The concentration factor for the corn steep liquor to corn syrup set by the factory was 6.15. The vomitoxin content of 154.58 μg / kg in the corn raw materials and the factory concentration factor of 6.15 were substituted into the prediction model provided in this embodiment of the invention. The concentration of vomitoxin in the processed corn steep liquor was calculated to be 678.11 μg / L.

[0111] The batch of corn raw materials was then subjected to wet processing and countercurrent soaking, with the specific steps as follows:

[0112] Corn raw materials were mixed with freshly prepared soaking solution (containing 0.2% SO2 source, 0.5% lactic acid, pH=3.2±0.5) at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1:3 and then soaked. After soaking for 6 hours, the soaking solution was sampled, followed by a slurry transfer operation: keeping the corn raw materials in the soaking tank still, the soaking solution in the soaking tank was pumped into the next soaking tank through the external circulation system's transfer pump. This soaking solution came into contact with newly added contaminated corn raw materials from the same batch. This slurry transfer operation was performed every 6 hours of soaking in this manner until freshly prepared soaking solution was added to the soaking tank where the corn had been soaked for 30 hours. The corn in the soaking tank then continued to soak until the total soaking time reached 36 hours, at which point the corn was discharged.

[0113] Following this method, the soaking solutions from each soaking tank were sequentially poured into soaking tanks with shorter corn soaking times, ultimately completing the countercurrent soaking of one batch of corn raw materials (36 hours). Samples of the soaking solution from each tank were taken after every 6 hours of cyclic soaking and before the slurry pouring operation. The vomitoxin content in the sampled soaking solution was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The vomitoxin content in the corn slurry was measured to be 742.34 μg / L. Subsequently, the soaking solution was concentrated to obtain corn slurry.

[0114] The vomitoxin content of the initial corn feed (154.58 μg / kg) and the factory concentration factor (6.15) were used as independent variables in the prediction model. The predicted value of vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor was calculated to be 678.11 μg / L (see Table 4 for specific results).

[0115] The comparison showed that the model's predicted value was in good agreement with the measured value of vomitoxin concentration in corn steep liquor, which was 742.34 μg / L. The model of this invention can predict the concentration of vomitoxin in corn steep liquor from wet corn processing.

[0116] Table 4. Concentration of vomitoxin in corn syrup from another factory

[0117]

[0118] II. Assessment of Corn Raw Material Acquisition: Before acquiring corn raw materials, the vomitoxin content of 154.58 μg / kg in the corn raw materials was input into the prediction model established in this embodiment of the invention. The predicted value of vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor was calculated to be 678.11 μg / L. Comparison with the set maximum limit of 750 μg / L for vomitoxin showed that the vomitoxin content in the processed corn steep liquor was below the set maximum limit. Therefore, this batch of corn met the factory's purchasing standards and could be purchased.

[0119] In another embodiment of the present invention, a prediction system for the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor is also provided, for implementing the above-mentioned method for predicting the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor, comprising:

[0120] The countercurrent soaking simulation module is used to mix contaminated corn raw materials with soaking solution containing SO2 source and lactic acid, and to simulate the countercurrent soaking process of corn wet processing. During the soaking process, the pulping operation and soaking solution sample collection are performed at preset time intervals.

[0121] The data acquisition module is used to determine the content of vomitoxin in the soaking solution sample and obtain the measurement data;

[0122] The migration model construction module constructs a migration model of vomitoxin from corn raw material to corn steep liquor during countercurrent soaking in wet corn processing, and then fits the model to obtain the model parameters.

[0123] The vomitoxin content prediction module determines the prediction model for vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor and predicts the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor from wet-processed corn based on the prediction model.

[0124] It should be noted that each of the above modules can be implemented as a computer program, which can run on a computer device. The computer device's memory can store the computer program that makes up each module, enabling the processor to execute each step of the above method.

[0125] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments of the present invention are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in each embodiment may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0126] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods.

[0127] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for predicting the content of vomitoxin in corn steep liquor, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The contaminated corn raw material was mixed with a soaking solution containing SO2 source and lactic acid, and the countercurrent soaking process of corn wet processing was simulated. During the soaking process, the pulping operation and soaking solution sample collection were carried out at preset time intervals. The content of vomitoxin in the soaking solution sample was determined, and the measurement data were obtained; Based on the measured data, a migration model of vomitoxin from corn raw material to corn steep liquor during countercurrent soaking in wet corn processing was constructed, and the model parameters were obtained by fitting the model. Based on the model parameters, a prediction model for the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor was determined, and the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor from wet corn processing was predicted based on the prediction model.

2. The method for predicting the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soaking solution contains 0.2%-0.25% SO2 source and 0.5%-0.55% lactic acid by mass.

3. The method for predicting the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method for preparing the soaking solution includes the following steps: Sodium bisulfite was used as the SO2 source. Sodium bisulfite was mixed with lactic acid, and the pH of the solution was adjusted to 3.2±0.

5. Deionized water was then added to make up the volume to obtain the soaking solution.

4. The method for predicting the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass-to-volume ratio of the contaminated corn raw material to the soaking solution was 1g:(2.5-3)mL.

5. The method for predicting the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for determining the content of vomitoxin in the soaking solution sample is high performance liquid chromatography.

6. The method for predicting the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for constructing the migration model includes the following steps: Assuming that the residual vomitoxin content in corn raw materials decreases at a rate of 1-day after each preset soaking time, the change law of vomitoxin in corn raw materials is defined as follows: ； Where d is the coefficient of variation of vomitoxin content in corn raw material, reflecting the change of vomitoxin content in corn with soaking time; X j The content of vomitoxin in the corn raw material in the j-th soaking tank; Assume that within a preset time period, the migration amount ΔY of vomitoxin from the corn raw material into the soaking solution is... j The variation of vomitoxin in the soaking solution is positively correlated with the difference in vomitoxin content between the corn raw material and the soaking solution at this time. Therefore, the migration law of vomitoxin in the soaking solution is defined as follows: ； Where k is the mass transfer coefficient, reflecting the migration rate of vomitoxin; Y i,j The content of vomitoxin in the soaking solution flowing into the j-th soaking tank; Meanwhile, in countercurrent soaking, the process flow is as follows: ； Among them, Y e,j The content of vomitoxin in the soaking solution flowing out of the j-th soaking tank; Based on the variation pattern of vomitoxin in corn raw materials, the migration pattern of vomitoxin in soaking solution, and the process relationship of countercurrent soaking, a migration model of vomitoxin from corn raw materials to corn steep liquor in countercurrent soaking during wet processing of corn was determined.

7. The method for predicting the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fitting method is the least squares method; the model parameters include the variation coefficient d and the mass transfer coefficient k.

8. The method for predicting the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor according to claim 1, 6, or 7, characterized in that, The expression for the prediction model is: ； In the formula, Y is the predicted value of vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor; X0 is the vomitoxin content in the initial corn raw material; and A is the concentration factor, representing the degree of corn steep liquor concentration.

9. A system for predicting the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor, used to implement the method for predicting the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: The countercurrent soaking simulation module is used to mix contaminated corn raw materials with soaking solution containing SO2 source and lactic acid, and to simulate the countercurrent soaking process of corn wet processing. During the soaking process, the pulping operation and soaking solution sample collection are performed at preset time intervals. The data acquisition module is used to determine the content of vomitoxin in the soaking solution sample and obtain the measurement data; The migration model construction module constructs a migration model of vomitoxin from corn raw material to corn steep liquor during countercurrent soaking in wet corn processing, and then fits the model to obtain the model parameters. The vomitoxin content prediction module determines the prediction model for vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor and predicts the vomitoxin content in corn steep liquor from wet-processed corn based on the prediction model.

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