Photovoltaic module and method of manufacturing the same, photovoltaic device

Abstract

The application relates to the photovoltaic field, and provides a photovoltaic module, a preparation method thereof and a photovoltaic device, which can at least improve the aesthetic degree and performance of the photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of cell strings, a first cover plate, a second cover plate and a first adhesive film. The cell string comprises a plurality of cell pieces, and a first spacing area is arranged between adjacent cell strings; the first cover plate and the second cover plate are arranged on opposite sides of the plurality of cell strings; at least part of the first adhesive film is arranged between the second cover plate and the cell string; the first adhesive film comprises a first part and a second part; at least part of the first part overlaps with the first spacing area; at least part of the cell pieces is arranged on the second part; the first part is black; and the second part is white and / or transparent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the photovoltaic field, and in particular to a photovoltaic module and its preparation method, as well as photovoltaic equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the gradual depletion of fossil fuels, solar energy has become an important alternative to traditional energy sources. Solar energy can be utilized not only by directly using the emitted heat, but also by converting it into electricity through photovoltaic technology. Compared with other clean power generation methods, photovoltaic power generation has significant advantages.

[0003] Photovoltaic modules are crucial devices for converting solar energy into electrical energy. Improving the performance of photovoltaic modules is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a photovoltaic module and its preparation method, as well as a photovoltaic device, which can at least improve the aesthetics and performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0005] This application provides a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module includes: a plurality of cell strings, each cell string including a plurality of solar cells, with a first spacing region between adjacent cell strings; a first cover plate and a second cover plate, the first cover plate and the second cover plate being located on opposite sides of the plurality of cell strings; a first encapsulating film, at least a portion of the first encapsulating film being located between the second cover plate and the cell strings, the first encapsulating film including a first portion and a second portion, at least a portion of the first portion overlapping the first spacing region, at least a portion of the solar cells being located on the second portion, the first portion being black, and the second portion being white and / or transparent.

[0006] Optionally, the first part extends through the second part.

[0007] Optionally, the thickness of the first part is greater than or equal to the thickness of the second part.

[0008] Optionally, the second part includes an adjacent first sub-part and a second sub-part, wherein the first part is located on the surface of the first sub-part facing away from the second cover plate.

[0009] Optionally, the thickness of the first sub-part is less than the thickness of the second sub-part.

[0010] Optionally, a second spacing region is provided between adjacent battery strings, and the first spacing region and the second spacing region are different regions from each other; the photovoltaic module further includes: a connecting line, the connecting line being located on the side of the two battery strings adjacent to the second spacing region facing the second cover plate; a spacer, the spacer being located between the connecting line and the adjacent battery strings, the spacer being black; wherein, the second part also overlaps with the second spacing region.

[0011] Optionally, the battery string includes a plurality of battery cells spaced apart along a first direction, and the photovoltaic module further includes: a buffer, at least a portion of which is located between adjacent battery cells, wherein the portion of the buffer located between the adjacent battery cells is black.

[0012] Optionally, the battery string includes a plurality of battery cells spaced apart along a first direction, with at least a portion of the first portion overlapping the spacing region between adjacent battery cells.

[0013] Optionally, in the second direction, the ratio of the width of the first interval region to the width of the first part is 3 to 7.5.

[0014] Optionally, in the second direction, the width of the first interval region is 0.3mm to 4mm, and the width of the first part is 1mm to 24mm.

[0015] Optionally, the photovoltaic module further includes: a first region, in which a plurality of the battery strings are located; and a second region, which is arranged around the first region, wherein the first part is also located in the second region.

[0016] This application also provides a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module. The method includes: providing an initial structure comprising: a plurality of cell strings, with a first spacing region between adjacent cell strings; a first cover plate and a second cover plate, the first cover plate and the second cover plate being located on opposite sides of the plurality of cell strings; an initial encapsulating film; the initial encapsulating film being located between the first cover plate and the plurality of cell strings; the initial encapsulating film comprising a first portion and a second portion, at least a portion of the first portion overlapping the first spacing region, at least a portion of the cell strings being located on the second portion, the first portion being black, and the second portion being white and / or transparent; and performing a lamination process to transform the initial encapsulating film into a first encapsulating film, the first portion into a first portion, and the second portion into a second portion.

[0017] Optionally, the step of forming the initial adhesive film includes: providing a substrate; forming a plurality of second portions spaced apart on the substrate; forming a first portion on the substrate, at least a portion of the first portion being located between adjacent second portions; and removing the substrate.

[0018] Optionally, the step of forming the initial adhesive film includes: providing a second portion; forming a first portion, wherein the first portion is located on the second portion.

[0019] This application also provides a photovoltaic device. The photovoltaic device includes: a material receiving module for transmitting an initial structure, the initial structure comprising: a plurality of battery strings, with a first gap between adjacent battery strings; a first cover plate and a second cover plate, the first cover plate and the second cover plate being located on opposite sides of the plurality of battery strings; an initial encapsulating film; the initial encapsulating film being located between the first cover plate and the plurality of battery strings; the initial encapsulating film comprising a first portion and a second portion, at least a portion of the first portion overlapping the first gap, at least a portion of the battery strings being located on the second portion, the first portion being black, and the second portion being a white encapsulating film and / or transparent; and a lamination module for laminating the initial battery, transforming the initial encapsulating film into a first encapsulating film, the first portion into a first part, and the second portion into a second part.

[0020] The technical solution provided in this application has at least the following advantages: In the photovoltaic module provided in this application, the first encapsulant film includes a first portion overlapping the first spacer region. This first portion is black, which improves the color consistency of the photovoltaic module's appearance, thereby enhancing its aesthetics. When the second portion is white, it reflects light not absorbed by the solar cells, improving light utilization and thus the performance of the photovoltaic module. When the second portion is transparent, light can pass through and be absorbed by the solar cells, further improving the photovoltaic module's performance. When the second portion is both white and transparent (i.e., partially white and partially transparent), the white portion improves the photovoltaic module's performance by reflecting light, while the transparent portion increases light transmittance. In other words, setting the second portion to be white and / or transparent can also improve the performance of the photovoltaic module. Attached Figure Description

[0021] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with corresponding pictures in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Unless otherwise stated, the pictures in the accompanying drawings do not constitute a limitation on scale. In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or in the conventional technology, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a partial structural diagram of multiple cell strings in a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A top view of the first encapsulant film in a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of another photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 Another top view of the first encapsulant film in the photovoltaic module provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a structure of multiple battery strings and jumpers in a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 A circuit diagram of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of a solar cell and a buffer in a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a partial structural diagram of multiple solar cells in a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 Another top view of the first encapsulant film in the photovoltaic module provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 11 Another top view of the first encapsulant film in the photovoltaic module provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 12 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 13 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the initial structure in the method for fabricating a photovoltaic module provided in this application embodiment; Figure 14 This is a partial structural diagram of the initial encapsulant film and substrate in the photovoltaic module fabrication method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 15 A top view of the initial encapsulant film in the method for preparing a photovoltaic module provided in this application embodiment; Figure 16 Another cross-sectional schematic diagram of the initial structure in the method for fabricating a photovoltaic module provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the structure of the initial encapsulant film in the photovoltaic module manufacturing method provided in this application embodiment; Figure 18 This is another schematic diagram of the initial encapsulant film in the photovoltaic module preparation method provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0023] A photovoltaic module includes multiple cell strings, a front cover plate, a back cover plate, and a back encapsulant film. Each cell string comprises multiple solar cells, the front cover plate and the back cover plate are located on opposite sides of the cell strings, and at least a portion of the back encapsulant film is located between the cell strings and the back cover plate.

[0024] In related technologies, to improve the aesthetics of photovoltaic modules, the entire back film is made black. However, this design affects the light absorption of the solar cells, resulting in a need to improve the performance of the photovoltaic modules.

[0025] Therefore, this application provides a photovoltaic module, its manufacturing method, and a photovoltaic device. In the photovoltaic module provided in this application, the first encapsulant film includes a first portion overlapping the first spacer region. This first portion is black, which improves the color consistency of the photovoltaic module's appearance, thereby enhancing its aesthetics. When the second portion is white, it reflects light not absorbed by the solar cells onto the cell string, improving light utilization and thus enhancing the photovoltaic module's performance. When the second portion is transparent, light can pass through it and be absorbed by the solar cells, further improving the photovoltaic module's performance. Both the white and transparent portions of the second portion enhance the photovoltaic module's performance by reflecting light, while the transparent portion increases light transmittance.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0027] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A exists, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects before and after it have an "or" relationship.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of this application, "electrically connected to one component" means that both components are made of conductive materials, and the two components are in direct contact and connected or connected via other conductive materials. Therefore, when the photovoltaic module is generating electricity, there is current transfer between the two components. "Electrically contacting one component to another" means that the two components are not only in contact, but also, because both components are made of conductive materials, there is current transfer between the two components when the photovoltaic module is generating electricity.

[0033] In the accompanying drawings corresponding to the embodiments of this application, the thickness and area of ​​the layers are enlarged for better understanding and ease of description. When describing a component (such as a layer, film, region, or substrate) on or on the surface of another component, the component may be "directly" located on the surface of the other component, or there may be a third component between the two components. Conversely, when describing a component on the surface of another component, or when another component is formed or disposed on the surface of a component, it indicates that there is no third component between the two components. Furthermore, when describing a component as being "generally" formed on another component, it means that the component is not formed on the entire surface (or front surface) of the other component, nor is it formed on a portion of the edge of the entire surface.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of this application, when a component "includes" another component, other components are not excluded unless otherwise stated, and other components may be further included. Furthermore, when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is referred to as being "on / located" on another component, it can be "directly on" the other component (i.e., located on the surface of the other component with no other components between them), or another component may be present therein. Moreover, when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is "directly located" on another component, or when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is located on the surface of another component, it indicates that no other components are located therein.

[0035] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been provided in the embodiments of this application to facilitate a better understanding of the application. However, the technical solutions claimed in this application can be implemented even without these technical details and various variations and modifications based on the following embodiments.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a partial structural diagram of multiple cell strings in a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a top view of the first encapsulant film in a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Reference Figures 1 to 3 The photovoltaic module includes: multiple cell strings 10, a first cover plate 11, a second cover plate 12, and a first encapsulating film 13. Each cell string 10 includes multiple solar cells 101, with a first gap 102 between adjacent cell strings 10. The first cover plate 11 and the second cover plate 12 are located on opposite sides of the multiple cell strings 10. At least a portion of the first encapsulating film 13 is located between the second cover plate 12 and the cell strings 10. The first encapsulating film 13 includes a first portion 131 and a second portion 132. At least a portion of the first portion 131 overlaps with the first gap 102, and at least a portion of the solar cells 101 is located on the second portion 132. The first portion 131 is black, and the second portion 132 is white and / or transparent.

[0038] Photovoltaic modules are used to convert solar energy into electrical energy.

[0039] The battery string 10 includes a plurality of battery cells 101 arranged along a first direction X, and solder strips 103 electrically connecting adjacent battery cells 101. The plurality of battery strings 10 may be arranged along a second direction Y, with a first spacing region 102 between adjacent battery strings 10.

[0040] In some embodiments, the solar cell 101 is black, and the first adhesive film 13 exposed in the first spacing area 102 between adjacent solar cells 10 is also black, which can improve the color consistency of the photovoltaic module and thus improve the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module.

[0041] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, "presenting black" means that the appearance of the component is generally black. In fact, the color of the component can be black, gray-black, dark gray, or dark blue, or other colors that are the same as or similar to the black color level.

[0042] In some cases, the solar cell 101 can be a black solar cell, and the first part 131 can be a black, dark gray, gray-black, or dark blue encapsulating film, or any other encapsulating film of a color similar to or the same shade as black. This improves the color consistency of the photovoltaic module's appearance, thereby enhancing its aesthetics. In other cases, the solar cell 101 can be a dark gray solar cell, and the first part 131 can be a black, dark gray, gray-black, or dark blue encapsulating film, or any other encapsulating film of a color similar to or the same shade as black. This also improves the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module. In still other cases, the solar cell 101 can be a dark blue solar cell, and the first part 131 can be a black, dark gray, gray-black, or dark blue encapsulating film, or any other encapsulating film of a color similar to or the same shade as black. The color of the solar cell 101 is roughly the same as the color of the first part 131, which also improves the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module.

[0043] In some embodiments, the battery cell 101 presents a first color, and the first part 131 presents a second color, which matches the first color. Matching the first color with the second color includes cases where the first color and the second color are exactly the same or substantially the same.

[0044] In some cases, the color difference between the first and second colors can be less than or equal to a preset threshold. The color difference between the first and second colors can be obtained by calculating the distance between the coordinates of the first and second colors according to the color coordinate system defined by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE). The preset threshold can be less than or equal to 4, for example, 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, or 4. In other cases, the first and second colors are compared separately with a colorimetric chart; the first and second colors may belong to the same color level or similar color levels.

[0045] The solar cell 101 can be one or any combination of BC (Back Contact) cells, TOPCON (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact) cells, HIT / HJT (Heterojunction Technology) cells, PERC (Passivated Emitter Rear Cell) cells, thin-film solar cells, and tandem solar cells. Thin-film solar cells include, but are not limited to, perovskite thin-film solar cells, copper indium selenide (CIGS) thin-film solar cells, gallium arsenide (GaAs) thin-film solar cells, and cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin-film solar cells. Tandem solar cells include, but are not limited to, perovskite cells stacked with crystalline silicon cells, perovskite cells stacked with perovskite cells, and perovskite cells stacked with thin-film cells. Figure 1 Taking TOPCON battery cell 101 as an example.

[0046] The solar cell 101 can be a cell with a main grid, which can shorten the current conduction path and reduce internal losses, thereby increasing the power of the photovoltaic module. The solar cell 101 can also be a cell without a main grid, in which case the solder ribbon 103 is used to replace the original main grid and electrically connects with the fine grid, which can significantly reduce the consumption of silver paste, thereby reducing the cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0047] The battery cell 101 can be a whole cell or a sliced ​​cell. A sliced ​​cell refers to a cell formed by cutting a complete cell. Sliced ​​cells can be two-piece sliced ​​cells, three-piece sliced ​​cells, or four-piece sliced ​​cells, etc.

[0048] The first cover plate 11 and the second cover plate 12 are located on opposite sides of the plurality of battery strings 10 and are used to protect the battery strings 10.

[0049] The first cover plate 11 can be a glass cover plate, a plastic cover plate, or other cover plate with light transmission function. In some cases, the surface of the first cover plate 11 facing the battery cell 101 can be an uneven surface or a textured surface containing multiple raised structures, thereby increasing the utilization rate of incident light.

[0050] The second cover plate 12 can be a glass cover plate, a plastic cover plate, or other cover plate with light-transmitting function. The second cover plate 12 can also be a white cover plate. In some cases, the surface of the second cover plate 12 facing the battery cell 101 can be an uneven surface or a textured surface containing multiple raised structures, thereby increasing the utilization rate of incident light.

[0051] At least a portion of the first adhesive film 13 is located between the second cover plate 12 and the battery string 10, for bonding the battery string 10 and the second cover plate 12.

[0052] The material of the first film 13 may include at least one of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyethylene octene elastomer (POE), or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

[0053] The first encapsulant film 13 includes a first portion 131 and a second portion 132. At least a portion of the first portion 131 overlaps with the first spacing region 102 along a third direction Z, and the first portion 131 is black, which can improve the color consistency of the photovoltaic module's appearance, thereby improving the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module. Here, the third direction Z is defined as the direction parallel to the direction from the first cover plate 11 to the second cover plate 12.

[0054] When the second part 132 is white, the white second part 132 can reflect light that has not been absorbed by the solar cell 101 back onto the solar cell 101, thereby improving the utilization rate of light and thus improving the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0055] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, "presenting white" means that the appearance of the component is generally white. In fact, the color of the component can be white, ivory white, milky white, creamy white, off-white, or other colors that are the same as or similar to the white color gradation.

[0056] In some embodiments, when the second part 132 is white, the second part 132 can be a white film, ivory white film, milky white film, creamy white film, off-white film, or other film of the same or similar color to white.

[0057] When the second part 132 is transparent, the second part 132 can be a transparent film. The second part 132 has a high light transmittance, and light can pass through the transparent film and be absorbed by the solar cell 101, thereby improving the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0058] When the second part 132 is a white film and a transparent film, the white film can improve the performance of the photovoltaic module by reflecting light, and the transparent film can improve the performance of the photovoltaic module by increasing the light transmittance.

[0059] In some embodiments, the second part 132 is both white and transparent, meaning that a portion of the second part is white and a portion is transparent. The white and transparent portions of the second part 132 can be disposed on the same layer, meaning they do not overlap in the third direction Z. The white portion of the second part 132 can improve the performance of the photovoltaic module by reflecting light, while the transparent portion can increase light transmittance, thereby improving the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0060] In some embodiments, the first part 131 extends through the second part 132. That is, the first part 131 and the second part 132 are arranged adjacent to each other. In other words, the first part 131 and the second part 132 are arranged on the same layer. This allows the first part 131 to be thicker, making the first spacing area 102 of the photovoltaic module appear black, which can improve the color consistency of the photovoltaic module and thus improve its aesthetics.

[0061] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first part 131 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the second part 132. This configuration, with the first part 131 being thicker, makes the first spacer region 102 in the photovoltaic module appear black, thereby improving the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module.

[0062] It should be noted that there may be a difference between the thickness of the first part 131 and the thickness of the second part 132. When the difference is within the measurement tolerance or manufacturing error range, they should be regarded as substantially equal.

[0063] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first part 131 can be 0.15mm to 0.6mm, for example, 0.15mm to 0.3mm, 0.3mm to 0.45mm, or 0.45mm to 0.6mm. Exemplarily, the thickness of the first part 131 can be 0.15mm, 0.225mm, 0.3mm, 0.375mm, 0.45mm, 0.525mm, or 0.6mm. A thickness within the above range for the first part 131, and a larger thickness, can improve the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module.

[0064] In some embodiments, the thickness of the second part 132 can be 0.15mm to 0.55mm, for example, 0.15mm to 0.25mm, 0.25mm to 0.4mm, or 0.4mm to 0.55mm. For example, the thickness of the second part 132 can be 0.15mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.275mm, 0.4mm, 0.475mm, or 0.55mm.

[0065] In some embodiments, the first portion 131 may include a first portion and a second portion, the second portion protruding relative to the first portion toward the first cover plate 11, and the second portion being located in the first spacing region 102.

[0066] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first portion can be 0.15mm to 0.55mm, for example, 0.15mm to 0.25mm, 0.25mm to 0.4mm, or 0.4mm to 0.55mm. For example, the thickness of the first portion can be 0.15mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.275mm, 0.4mm, 0.475mm, or 0.55mm.

[0067] In some embodiments, the thickness of the second portion is less than the thickness of the battery cell 101. In this way, it is possible to avoid the second portion affecting the light absorption of the battery cell 101 because it is located on the surface of the battery cell 101 facing the first cover plate 11.

[0068] The thickness of the second section is less than or equal to 0.15 mm, for example, 0.01 mm, 0.03 mm, 0.06 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.12 mm or 0.15 mm.

[0069] It should be noted that, since the two surfaces of the first part 131 along the third direction Z may be uneven, that is, the thickness of the first part 131 at various locations may have certain differences, the thickness of the first part 131 in this embodiment is the average thickness. Similarly, the thickness of the first segment is also the average thickness of the first segment, the thickness of the second segment is also the average thickness of the second segment, and the thickness of the second part 132 is also the average thickness of the second part 132.

[0070] Taking the measurement of the average thickness of the second part 132 as an example, the average thickness of the second part 132 can be taken as the average of the thicknesses of multiple sampling points within at least one specific region. Alternatively, corresponding sampling points can be selected at different locations, and the average value can be calculated based on multiple sampling points. The specific region and different locations can be determined by random sampling. For the measurement of the average thickness of the first part and the second part, please refer to the measurement of the average thickness of the second part 132; further details will not be provided here.

[0071] In some embodiments, the ratio of the width W1 of the first spacing region 102 to the width W2 of the first part 131 in the second direction Y can be 3 to 7.5, for example, 3 to 4.5, 4.5 to 6, or 6 to 7.5. For example, the ratio of the width W1 of the first spacing region 102 to the width W2 of the first part 131 can be 3, 3.75, 4.5, 5.25, 6, 6.75, or 7.5. The ratio of the width W1 of the first spacing region 102 to the width W2 of the first part 131 is within the above range, ensuring that even if the battery string 10 shifts position due to assembly errors, the first part 131 still overlaps with the first spacing region 102, i.e., the first part 131 is still correspondingly positioned with the first spacing region 102, guaranteeing that the first spacing region 102 appears black, thereby improving the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module. The width W2 of the first part 131 in the second direction Y is the width of the first part 131 overlapping the first spacing region 102 in the second direction Y.

[0072] In some embodiments, the width W1 of the first spacing region 102 in the second direction Y is 0.3mm to 4mm, for example, 0.3mm to 1mm, 1mm to 2.5mm, or 2.5mm to 4mm. For example, the width of the first spacing region 102 is 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 0.65mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 1.75mm, 2.5mm, 3.25mm, or 4mm.

[0073] In the second direction Y, the width W2 of the first portion 131 overlapping with the first spacing region 102 can be 1mm to 24mm, for example, 1mm to 5mm, 5mm to 10mm, 10mm to 18mm, or 18mm to 24mm. For example, the width of the first portion 131 can be 1mm, 3mm, 5mm, 7.5mm, 10mm, 14mm, 18mm, 21mm, or 24mm.

[0074] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of another photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 This is another top view of the first encapsulant film in the photovoltaic module provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of multiple cell strings and jumpers in a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 A circuit diagram of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0075] refer to Figures 4 to 7In some embodiments, a second spacing region 104 is also provided between adjacent battery strings 10, and the first spacing region 102 and the second spacing region 104 are different regions from each other; the photovoltaic module also includes: a connecting line 14 and an isolator 15, the connecting line 14 is located on the side of the two battery strings 10 adjacent to the second spacing region 104 facing the second cover plate 12; the isolator 15 is located between the connecting line 14 and the adjacent battery strings 10, and the isolator 15 is black; wherein, the second part 132 also overlaps with the second spacing region 104.

[0076] In some embodiments, adjacent battery strings 10 are provided with a first spacing region 102 or a second spacing region 104. At least a portion of the connecting line 14 overlaps with the second spacing region 104 along the third direction Z and is located away from the first spacing region 102. That is, the projection of at least a portion of the connecting line 14 along the third direction Z is located in the second spacing region 104 and is located away from the first spacing region 102.

[0077] The photovoltaic module may also include multiple bus structures electrically connected to the cell string 10. The bus structure includes a first bus bar 161, a second bus bar 162, and a third bus bar 163 located between the first bus bar 161 and the second bus bar 162. The first bus bar 161 and the second bus bar 162 are end bus bars, and the third bus bar 163 is an intermediate bus bar.

[0078] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module includes three series-connected cell string groups 105, and each cell string group 105 includes four parallel-connected cell strings 10. Compared with conventional photovoltaic modules that use a two-parallel-six-string arrangement (six cell strings are connected in series to form a cell string group, and then two cell string groups are connected in parallel), this application uses a four-parallel-three-string arrangement, which allows for a smaller current in a single cell string 10, thereby reducing power loss in a single cell string 10 and improving the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0079] In some embodiments, the connecting line 14 extends along a first direction X and is electrically connected to the first busbar 161 and the second busbar 162. The connecting line 14 can be used to connect to a bypass diode 106, allowing the bypass diode 106 to be connected in reverse parallel to the battery string group 105. When the battery string group 105 is shaded or malfunctions, the bypass diode 106 can conduct in reverse, allowing current to bypass the shaded or malfunctioning battery string group 105 without affecting the power generation of other normal battery string groups 105, thereby improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0080] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module includes a first bypass diode 106A, a second bypass diode 106B, and a third bypass diode 106C arranged along a second direction Y, with the second bypass diode 106B located between the first bypass diode 106A and the third bypass diode 106C. The first bypass diode 106A and the second bypass diode 106B can be located in the same junction box, thus eliminating the need for one junction box. Since the junction box would obstruct the cell string 10, affecting the reliability of the hot spot in the obstructed portion, eliminating the junction box improves the reliability of the photovoltaic module and increases its power output. It should be noted that the first bypass diode 106A and the second bypass diode 106B can also be independent components or packaged together as a module.

[0081] The spacer 15 is located between the connecting line 14 and the adjacent cell string 10, which can prevent short circuits between the connecting line 14 and the adjacent cell string 10 and thus avoid affecting the performance of the photovoltaic module. The spacer 15 is black, making the appearance of the second spacing area 104 black, which helps to improve the color consistency of the photovoltaic module and thus improve the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module.

[0082] In some embodiments, the separator 15 may be located on the side of the battery string 10 away from the first cover plate 11.

[0083] In some embodiments, the first busbar 161 is black; the second busbar 162 is black; and the third busbar 163 is also black. This helps to improve the color consistency of the photovoltaic module's appearance, thereby enhancing the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module.

[0084] On the third direction Z, the second part 132 overlaps with the second spacing region 104. That is, the projection of the second part 132 along the direction from the first cover plate 11 to the second cover plate 12 is located in the second spacing region 104. Because the spacer 15 is black, the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module can be improved. Furthermore, the second part 132 can be partially positioned corresponding to the second spacing region 104, allowing the battery string 10 to absorb more light with the help of the second part 132, thereby improving the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0085] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of a solar cell and a buffer in a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0086] refer to Figure 8In some embodiments, the battery string 10 includes a plurality of battery cells 101 spaced apart along a first direction X. The photovoltaic module further includes a buffer 17, at least a portion of which is located between adjacent battery cells 101. The portion of the buffer 17 located between adjacent battery cells 101 is black. The fact that at least a portion of the buffer 17 is located between adjacent battery cells 101 can prevent damage from collisions between adjacent battery cells 101, thus serving as a buffer layer between adjacent battery cells 101 and improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module. The black color of the portion of the buffer 17 between adjacent battery cells 101 also enhances the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module.

[0087] In some embodiments, the buffer 17 includes a first sub-component 171 and a second sub-component 172. At least a portion of the first sub-component 171 is located between adjacent solar cells 101, and the second sub-component 172 is located on the surface of the solar cell 101 and adjacent to the first sub-component 171. The first sub-component 171 is black, making the exposed area between the solar cells 101 appear black. The second sub-component 172 is a transparent film layer, which does not affect the solar cells 101's absorption of sunlight, thereby improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0088] In some embodiments, the buffer 17 may be in the shape of an "I" (i.e., the second sub-component 172 is located on two surfaces of two adjacent battery cells 101 at the same time) or in the shape of a "Z" (i.e., the second sub-component 172 may be located on the front side of one battery cell 101 and the back side of another battery cell 101). Figure 8 The buffer 17 is shaped like a "Z" as an example.

[0089] Figure 9 This is a partial structural diagram of multiple solar cells in a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 This is another top view of the first encapsulant film in the photovoltaic module provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0090] refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 In some embodiments, the battery string 10 may include a plurality of battery cells 101 spaced apart along a first direction X, with at least a portion of the first portion 131 overlapping the spacing region (i.e., the dividing region) between adjacent battery cells 101. At least a portion of the first portion 131 overlaps with the region between adjacent battery cells 101 along a third direction Z along the first cover plate 11. That is, by correspondingly setting a portion of the first portion 131 with the region between adjacent battery cells 101, the appearance of the region between adjacent battery cells 101 can be ensured to be black, thereby improving the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module.

[0091] In some embodiments, in the first direction X, the ratio of the width W3 of the partition area to the width W4 of the first part 131 overlapping with the partition area can be 3 to 7.5, for example, 3 to 4.5, 4.5 to 6, or 6 to 7.5. For example, the ratio of the width W3 of the partition area to the width W4 of the first part 131 overlapping with the partition area can be 3, 3.75, 4.5, 5.25, 6, 6.75, or 7.5. The fact that the ratio of the width W3 of the partition area to the width W4 of the first part 131 overlapping with the partition area is within the above range ensures that even if adjacent cells 101 experience positional shifts due to assembly errors, the first part 131 still overlaps with the partition area, meaning the first part 131 still corresponds to the partition area. This results in the partition area in the photovoltaic module appearing black, thereby improving the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module.

[0092] In some embodiments, the width W3 of the dividing area in the first direction X is 0.2mm to 1.5mm, for example, 0.2mm to 0.6mm, 0.6mm to 1mm, or 1mm to 1.5mm. For example, the width W3 of the dividing area is 0.2mm, 0.4mm, 0.6mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.25mm, or 1.5mm.

[0093] In the first direction X, the width W4 of the first portion 131 overlapping with the dividing area can be 3.5mm to 6.5mm, for example, 3.5mm to 4.5mm, 4.5mm to 5.5mm, or 5.5mm to 6.5mm. For example, the width W4 of the first portion 131 overlapping with the dividing area can be 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, 5.5mm, 6mm, or 6.5mm.

[0094] refer to Figure 1 The battery string 10 may also include multiple battery cells 101 arranged along the first direction X, with adjacent battery cells 101 partially stacked. That is, there is no gap between adjacent battery cells 101, which can improve the area utilization rate of the photovoltaic module, thereby improving the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0095] refer to Figures 1 to 3 In some embodiments, multiple battery strings 10 are arranged along a first direction X, and a third spacing region 107 is provided between adjacent battery strings 10 in the first direction X. At least a portion of the first part 131 overlaps with the third spacing region 107 in the third direction Z. This makes the third spacing region 107 appear black, which helps to improve the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module. In addition, the third busbar 163 is located in the third spacing region 107.

[0096] In some embodiments, in the first direction X, the ratio of the width W5 of the third spacing region 107 to the width W6 of the first part 131 can be 3 to 7.5, for example, 3 to 4.5, 4.5 to 6, or 6 to 7.5. For example, the ratio of the width W5 of the third spacing region 107 to the width W6 of the first part 131 can be 3, 3.75, 4.5, 5.25, 6, 6.75, or 7.5. The ratio of the width W5 of the third spacing region 107 to the width W6 of the first part 131 is within the above range, ensuring that even if adjacent battery strings 10 experience positional shifts due to assembly errors, the first part 131 still overlaps with the third spacing region 107, meaning the first part 131 is still correspondingly positioned with the third spacing region 107, resulting in the third spacing region 107 appearing black, thereby improving the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module.

[0097] In some embodiments, the width W5 of the third interval region 107 in the first direction X is 4mm to 18mm, for example, 4mm to 8mm, 8mm to 12mm, or 12mm to 18mm. For example, the width W5 of the third interval region 107 is 4mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 15mm, or 18mm.

[0098] In the first direction X, the width W6 of the first portion 131 overlapping with the third interval region 107 can be 4mm to 24mm, for example, 4mm to 10mm, 10mm to 18mm, or 18mm to 24mm. For example, the width W6 of the first portion 131 overlapping with the third interval region 107 can be 4mm, 7mm, 10mm, 14mm, 18mm, 21mm, or 24mm.

[0099] Figure 11 This is another top view of the first encapsulant film in the photovoltaic module provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0100] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 11 In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes: a first region and a second region, wherein a plurality of battery strings 10 are located in the first region; the second region is arranged around the first region, and the first part 131 is also located in the second region. The first region is the area where the plurality of battery strings 10 are located, and the second region is the edge region of the photovoltaic module, wherein there are no battery strings 10 in the second region. The fact that the first part 131 is also located in the second region makes the edge region of the photovoltaic module appear black, which can improve the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module.

[0101] It is understandable that Zone 1 and Zone 2 are artificially divided areas, and there is no actual dividing line between Zone 1 and Zone 2.

[0102] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes a second adhesive film 18, at least a portion of which is located between the first cover plate 11 and the battery string 10. The second adhesive film 18 is used to bond the battery string 10 to the first cover plate 11 and the battery string 10.

[0103] The material of the second film 18 may include at least one of polyvinyl butyral, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl octene copolymer, or polyethylene terephthalate.

[0104] In some embodiments, the second adhesive film 18 can be a transparent adhesive film. In this way, external light can pass through the second adhesive film 18 and be absorbed by the solar cell 101, thereby improving the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0105] In this embodiment, the first part 131 is black, which improves the color consistency of the photovoltaic module's appearance, thereby enhancing its aesthetics. Furthermore, the first part 131 extends through the second part 132, allowing for a thicker first part 131, further improving the color consistency and aesthetics of the photovoltaic module. When the second part 132 is a white film, it reflects light not absorbed by the solar cell 101 back onto the cell, increasing light utilization and thus improving the photovoltaic module's performance. When the second part 132 is a transparent film, light can pass through it and be absorbed by the solar cell 101, further improving the photovoltaic module's performance. When the second part 132 consists of both a white and a transparent film, the white film improves the photovoltaic module's performance by reflecting light, while the transparent film increases light transmittance, thus enhancing the module's performance.

[0106] Other embodiments of this application also provide a photovoltaic module, which is substantially the same as the photovoltaic module provided in the foregoing embodiments. The main difference is that in the photovoltaic module provided in the following embodiments, the first part is located on the second part, while in the photovoltaic module of the foregoing embodiments, the first part extends through the second part. The photovoltaic module will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that features that are the same as or corresponding to those in the foregoing embodiments will not be described in detail below to avoid redundancy. Where there is no contradiction, the corresponding descriptions of the foregoing embodiments also apply to the corresponding features of the following embodiments.

[0107] Figure 12 This is another cross-sectional structural diagram of the photovoltaic module provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0108] refer to Figure 12The photovoltaic module includes: multiple cell strings 20, a first cover plate 21, a second cover plate 22, and a first encapsulant film 23. Each cell string 20 includes multiple solar cells 201, and adjacent cell strings 20 have a first gap 202 between them. The first cover plate 21 and the second cover plate 22 are located on opposite sides of the multiple cell strings 20, respectively. At least a portion of the first encapsulant film 23 is located between the second cover plate 22 and the cell strings 20. The first encapsulant film 23 includes a first portion 231 and a second portion 232. At least a portion of the first portion 231 overlaps with the first gap 202, and at least a portion of the solar cells 201 are located on the second portion 232. The first portion 231 is black, and the second portion 232 is white and / or transparent.

[0109] It should be noted that the battery string 20, battery cell 201, first spacer region 202, first cover plate 21, second cover plate 22 and second adhesive film 28 in this embodiment can refer to the battery string 10, battery cell 101, first spacer region 102, first cover plate 11, second cover plate 12 and second adhesive film 18 in the previous embodiment, and will not be described again here.

[0110] In some embodiments, the second part 232 includes an adjacent first sub-part 2321 and a second sub-part 2322, with the first part 231 located on the surface of the first sub-part 2321 facing away from the second cover plate 22. The first part 231 is black and absorbs some light. Since the first part 231 is located on the surface of the first sub-part 2321 facing away from the second cover plate 22, the first sub-part 2321 can reflect light that has not been absorbed by the first part 231, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0111] In some embodiments, the first sub-part 2321 is white, and the second sub-part 2322 is transparent. This configuration allows the first sub-part 2321 to reflect light that has not been absorbed by the first part 231, improving light utilization and thus enhancing the performance of the photovoltaic module. The second sub-part 2322 can be a transparent film, which can increase light transmittance, thereby also improving the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0112] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first sub-part 2321 is less than the thickness of the second sub-part 2322. The thinner first sub-part 2321 can provide a accommodating space for the first part 231, making the first part 231 thicker. This results in the first spacing region 202 appearing black, which can improve the color consistency of the photovoltaic module and thus enhance its aesthetics.

[0113] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first sub-part 2321 can be 0.04mm to 0.4mm, for example, 0.04mm to 0.14mm, 0.14mm to 0.28mm, or 0.28mm to 0.4mm. For example, the thickness of the first sub-part 2321 can be 0.04mm, 0.09mm, 0.21mm, 0.28mm, 0.34mm, or 0.4mm.

[0114] In some embodiments, the thickness of the second sub-part 2322 can be 0.15mm to 0.55mm. For example, 0.15mm to 0.25mm, 0.25mm to 0.4mm, or 0.4mm to 0.55mm. Exemplarily, the thickness of the second sub-part 2322 can be 0.15mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.275mm, 0.4mm, 0.475mm, or 0.55mm.

[0115] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first part 231 can be 0.1mm to 0.4mm. For example, 0.1mm to 0.2mm, 0.2mm to 0.3mm, or 0.3mm to 0.4mm. Exemplarily, the thickness of the first part 231 can be 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm, or 0.4mm. When the thickness of the first part 231 is within the above range, a larger thickness results in the color leaking from the first spacing region 202 in the photovoltaic module appearing black, thereby improving the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0116] It is understood that the thickness of the first sub-part 2321 is the average thickness of the first sub-part 2321, and the thickness of the second sub-part 2322 is the average thickness of the second sub-part 2322. For the measurement of the average thickness of the first sub-part 2321 and the average thickness of the second sub-part 2322, please refer to the aforementioned measurement of the average thickness of the second part 232, which will not be repeated here.

[0117] In this embodiment, the first part 231 is black, which improves the color consistency of the photovoltaic module's appearance, thereby enhancing its aesthetics. Furthermore, the first part 231 is located on the surface of the first sub-part 2321 facing away from the second cover plate 22. The first sub-part 2321 can reflect light not absorbed by the first part 231, which is beneficial for improving the performance of the photovoltaic module. When the second part 232 is white, the white second part 232 can reflect light not absorbed by the solar cell 201 back onto the solar cell 201, improving light utilization and thus enhancing the performance of the photovoltaic module. When the second part 232 is transparent, light can pass through the transparent second part 232 and be absorbed by the solar cell 201, thereby improving the performance of the photovoltaic module. When the second part 232 is white or transparent, the white portion of the second part 232 can improve the performance of the photovoltaic module by reflecting light, while the transparent portion can increase light transmittance, thus improving the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0118] Accordingly, this application also provides a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module. This method can be used to manufacture the photovoltaic modules described in any of the above embodiments. It should be noted that parts that are the same as or corresponding to those in the foregoing embodiments can be referred to the corresponding descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated hereafter.

[0119] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the initial structure in the photovoltaic module fabrication method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0120] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 13 The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module includes: providing an initial structure, the initial structure including: a plurality of cell strings 10, a first cover plate 11, a second cover plate 12, and an initial encapsulant film 30, wherein the cell strings 10 include a plurality of solar cells 101, and a first spacing region 102 is provided between adjacent cell strings 10; the first cover plate 11 and the second cover plate 12 are respectively located on opposite sides of the plurality of cell strings 10; the initial encapsulant film 30 is located between the first cover plate 11 and the plurality of cell strings 10; the initial encapsulant film 30 includes a first portion 301 and a second portion 302, at least a portion of the first portion 301 overlaps with the first spacing region 102, at least a portion of the solar cells 101 is located on the second portion 302, the first portion 301 is black, and the second portion 302 is white and / or transparent. The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module further includes: performing a lamination process to transform the initial encapsulant film 30 into a first encapsulant film 13, the first portion 301 into a first part 131, and the second part 302 into a second part 132.

[0121] In some embodiments, the initial structure further includes a third adhesive film 31 located between the first cover plate 11 and the plurality of battery strings 10.

[0122] After obtaining the initial structure, it can be placed in a laminator for lamination. During lamination, heat is generated, causing the initial adhesive film 30 and the third adhesive film 31 to melt and fill the gaps between the battery cell 101 and the first cover plate 11, and between the battery cell and the second cover plate 12. The initial adhesive film 30 transforms into the first adhesive film 13, and the third adhesive film 31 transforms into the second adhesive film 18. The first adhesive film 13 and the second cover plate 12 are then in close contact with the battery cell 101, and the second adhesive film 18 is in close contact with the first cover plate 11. Because the initial adhesive film 30 and the third adhesive film 31 flow and fill the gaps between the first cover plate 11 and the second cover plate 12 during lamination, the thickness of the first adhesive film 13 is less than the thickness of the initial adhesive film 30, and the thickness of the second adhesive film 18 is less than the thickness of the third adhesive film 31.

[0123] Figure 14 This is a partial structural diagram of the initial encapsulant film and substrate in the photovoltaic module fabrication method provided in this application embodiment.

[0124] refer to Figure 13 and Figure 14 In some embodiments, the step of forming the initial adhesive film 30 includes: providing a substrate 32; forming a plurality of second portions 302 spaced apart on the substrate 32; forming a first portion 301 on the substrate 32, at least a portion of the first portion 301 being located between adjacent second portions 302; and removing the substrate 32.

[0125] The substrate 32 is used to support the second part 302 and the first part 301. After the first part 301 and the second part 302 are prepared, the substrate 32 can be removed to obtain the initial adhesive film 30.

[0126] The process for forming the second part 302 can be a coating process. The method for forming the first part 301 can also be a coating process.

[0127] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first portion 301 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the second portion 302. This configuration results in a thicker final first portion, making the first spacer region 102 in the photovoltaic module appear black, thereby improving the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module.

[0128] It should be noted that there may be a difference between the thickness of the first part 301 and the thickness of the second part 302. When the difference is within the measurement tolerance or manufacturing error range, they should be regarded as substantially equal.

[0129] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first portion 301 can be 0.3mm to 0.75mm, for example, 0.3mm to 0.45mm, 0.45mm to 0.6mm, or 0.6mm to 0.75mm. For example, the thickness of the first portion 301 can be 0.3mm, 0.375mm, 0.45mm, 0.525mm, 0.6mm, 0.675mm, or 0.75mm. With the thickness of the first portion 301 within the above range, the final thickness of the first portion can be relatively large, resulting in a black appearance for the first spacing region 102 in the photovoltaic module, which can improve aesthetics.

[0130] In some embodiments, the thickness of the second portion 302 can be 0.3mm to 0.65mm, for example, 0.3mm to 0.4mm, 0.4mm to 0.5mm, or 0.5mm to 0.65mm. For example, the thickness of the second portion 302 can be 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.4mm, 0.45mm, 0.5mm, 0.575mm, or 0.65mm.

[0131] The thickness of the first part 301 is the average thickness of the first part 301, and the thickness of the second part 302 is the average thickness of the second part 302. The measurement of the thickness of the first part 301 and the second part 302 can be referred to the measurement in the second part above, and will not be repeated here.

[0132] Figure 15 This is a top view of the initial encapsulant film in the photovoltaic module manufacturing method provided in this application embodiment.

[0133] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 13 and Figure 15 In some embodiments, in the second direction Y, the width W7 of the first portion 301 overlapping with the first spacing region 102 can be 1mm to 25mm, for example, 1mm to 5mm, 5mm to 10mm, 10mm to 18mm, or 18mm to 25mm. For example, the width W7 of the first portion 301 overlapping with the first spacing region 102 can be 1mm, 3mm, 5mm, 7.5mm, 10mm, 14mm, 18mm, 21.5mm, or 25mm. With the width W7 of the first portion 301 overlapping with the first spacing region 102 within the above range, it can be ensured that even if the position of the battery string 10 shifts or the first portion 301 moves during pressure application, the first portion 301 can still overlap with the first spacing region 102, thus making the first spacing region 102 appear black.

[0134] In the first direction X, the width W8 of the first portion 301 overlapping with the third interval region 107 can be 4mm to 25mm, for example, 4mm to 10mm, 10mm to 18mm, or 18mm to 25mm. For example, the width W8 of the first portion 301 overlapping with the third interval region 107 can be 4mm, 7mm, 10mm, 14mm, 18mm, 21.5mm, or 25mm. With the width W8 of the first portion 301 overlapping with the third interval region 107 within the above range, it can be ensured that even if the position of the battery string 10 shifts or the first portion 301 moves during pressure application, the first portion 301 can still overlap with the third interval region 107, thus making the appearance of the third interval region black.

[0135] Other embodiments of this application also provide a method for preparing a photovoltaic module. This method is largely the same as the method provided in the foregoing embodiments, with the main difference being that in the foregoing embodiments, the first and second portions of the initial encapsulant film are co-layered, while in the following embodiments, the first portion of the initial encapsulant film is located on the second portion. The photovoltaic module will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that features identical or corresponding to those in the foregoing embodiments will not be described in detail below to avoid redundancy. Where there is no contradiction, the corresponding descriptions of the foregoing embodiments also apply to the corresponding features of the following embodiments.

[0136] Figure 16 This is another cross-sectional schematic diagram of the initial structure in the photovoltaic module fabrication method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0137] refer to Figure 12 and 16 The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module includes: providing an initial structure, which includes: a plurality of cell strings 20, a first cover plate 21, a second cover plate 22, and an initial encapsulant film 40. Each cell string 20 includes a plurality of solar cells 201, with a first spacing region 202 between adjacent cell strings 20. The first cover plate 21 and the second cover plate 22 are located on opposite sides of the plurality of cell strings 20, respectively. The initial encapsulant film 40 is located between the first cover plate 21 and the plurality of cell strings 20. The initial encapsulant film 40 includes a first portion 401 and a second portion 402, at least a portion of the first portion 401 overlaps with the first spacing region 202, and at least a portion of the solar cells 201 is located on the second portion 402. The first portion 401 is black, and the second portion 402 is white and / or transparent. The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module further includes: performing a lamination process to transform the initial encapsulant film 40 into a first encapsulant film 23, the first portion 401 into a first part 231, and the second part 402 into a second part 232.

[0138] It should be noted that the third adhesive film 41 in this embodiment can refer to the third adhesive film 31 in the previous embodiment, and will not be described again here.

[0139] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the initial encapsulant film in the photovoltaic module fabrication method provided in this application embodiment. Figure 18 This is another schematic diagram of the initial encapsulant film in the photovoltaic module preparation method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0140] refer to Figures 16 to 18 In some embodiments, the step of forming the initial adhesive film 40 includes: providing a second portion 402; and forming a first portion 401, wherein the first portion 401 is located on the second portion 402. Thus, the second portion 402 can directly serve as the substrate 32, and the first portion 401 is formed on the second portion 402, which helps to improve the preparation efficiency of the initial adhesive film 40.

[0141] In some embodiments, the surface of the second portion 402 facing the first cover plate 21 is planar.

[0142] In some embodiments, the second portion 402 has a recess that is recessed into the second cover plate 22, and the first portion 401 is located within the recess. In this way, the recess can be used to limit the first portion 401, which facilitates the preparation of the initial adhesive film 40.

[0143] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first portion 401 is 0.2mm to 0.5mm, for example, 0.2mm to 0.3mm, 0.3mm to 0.4mm, or 0.5mm to 0.5mm. For example, the thickness of the first portion 301 can be 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.4mm, 0.45mm, or 0.5mm.

[0144] In some embodiments, the thickness of the second portion 402 located between the first portion 401 and the second cover plate 22 can be 0.1mm to 0.5mm, for example, 0.1mm to 0.2mm, 0.2mm to 0.3mm, 0.3mm to 0.4mm, or 0.5mm to 0.5mm. For example, the thickness of the second portion 302 located between the first portion 301 and the second cover plate 22 can be 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.4mm, 0.45mm, or 0.5mm.

[0145] In some embodiments, the thickness of the second portion 402 located on both sides of the first portion 401 (i.e., the thickness of the second portion 402 overlapping the first portion 401) can be 0.2mm to 0.65mm, for example, 0.2mm to 0.35mm, 0.35mm to 0.5mm, or 0.5mm to 0.65mm. For example, the thickness of the second portion 402 located on both sides of the first portion 401 can be 0.2mm, 0.275mm, 0.35mm, 0.425mm, 0.5mm, 0.575mm, or 0.65mm.

[0146] Accordingly, another aspect of this application also provides a photovoltaic device. This photovoltaic device can be applied to the method for preparing photovoltaic modules in any of the above embodiments, or can be used to prepare photovoltaic modules in any of the above embodiments. It should be noted that the parts that are the same as or corresponding to the foregoing embodiments can be referred to the corresponding descriptions of the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated below.

[0147] Continue to refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 13 The photovoltaic equipment includes: a material receiving module (not shown) and a lamination module (not shown). The material receiving module is used to transmit the initial structure, which includes: multiple battery strings 10, a first cover plate 11, a second cover plate 12, and an initial encapsulant film 30. Each battery string 10 includes multiple battery cells 101, and there is a first gap 102 between adjacent battery strings 10. The first cover plate 11 and the second cover plate 12 are located on opposite sides of the multiple battery strings 10, respectively. The initial encapsulant film 30 is located between the first cover plate 11 and the multiple battery strings 10. The initial encapsulant film 30 includes a first part 301 and a second part 302. At least a portion of the first part 301 overlaps with the first gap 102, and at least a portion of the battery cells 101 is located on the second part 302. The first part 301 is black, and the second part 302 is white and / or transparent. The lamination module is used to perform lamination processing on the initial battery, so that the initial encapsulant film 30 is transformed into a first encapsulant film 13, the first part 301 is transformed into a first part 131, and the second part 302 is transformed into a second part 132.

[0148] The material receiving module is used to transfer the initial structure to the lamination station so that the lamination module can perform lamination processing on the initial battery.

[0149] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific examples of implementing this application, and in practical applications, various changes in form and detail can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Any person skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of this application; therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized by, include: Multiple battery strings, each battery string comprising multiple battery cells, with a first spacing region between adjacent battery strings; A first cover plate and a second cover plate are respectively located on opposite sides of the plurality of battery strings; A first adhesive film, at least a portion of which is located between the second cover plate and the battery string, the first adhesive film comprising a first part and a second part, at least a portion of which overlaps with the first gap region, at least a portion of which is located on the second part, the first part being black, and the second part being white and / or transparent.

2. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The first part extends through the second part.

3. The photovoltaic module of claim 2, wherein, The thickness of the first part is greater than or equal to the thickness of the second part.

4. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The second part includes a first sub-part and a second sub-part that are adjacent to each other, with the first part located on the surface of the first sub-part that is away from the second cover plate.

5. The photovoltaic module of claim 4, wherein, The thickness of the first sub-part is less than the thickness of the second sub-part.

6. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The photovoltaic module further includes: a second spacing region between adjacent battery strings, wherein the first spacing region and the second spacing region are different from each other; A connecting line, the connecting line being located on the side of the two battery strings adjacent to the second interval area facing the second cover plate; A black spacer is located between the connecting line and the adjacent battery string. The second part also overlaps with the second interval region.

7. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The battery string includes a plurality of battery cells spaced apart along a first direction, and the photovoltaic module further includes: A buffer element, at least a portion of which is located between adjacent solar cells, wherein the portion of the buffer element located between the adjacent solar cells is black.

8. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The battery string includes a plurality of battery cells spaced apart along a first direction, with at least a portion of the first portion overlapping the spacing region between adjacent battery cells.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the second direction, the ratio of the width of the first interval region to the width of the first part is 3 to 7.

5.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the second direction, the width of the first interval area is 0.3mm to 4mm, and the width of the first part is 1mm to 24mm.

11. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module also includes: The first region, in which multiple battery strings are located; The second zone surrounds the first zone, and the first part is also located in the second zone.

12. A method for preparing a photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: An initial structure is provided, the initial structure comprising: Multiple battery strings, with a first interval between adjacent battery strings; A first cover plate and a second cover plate are respectively located on opposite sides of the plurality of battery strings; An initial adhesive film; the initial adhesive film is located between the first cover plate and the plurality of battery strings; the initial adhesive film includes a first portion and a second portion, at least a portion of the first portion overlaps with the first spacing region, at least a portion of the battery strings are located on the second portion, the first portion is black, and the second portion is white and / or transparent; A lamination process is performed to transform the initial adhesive film into a first adhesive film, the first part into the first portion, and the second portion into the second portion.

13. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 12, characterized in that, The steps for forming the initial adhesive film include: Provide a base; A plurality of second portions are formed at intervals, the second portions being located on the substrate; A first portion is formed, the first portion being located on the substrate, and at least a portion of the first portion being located between adjacent second portions; Remove the substrate.

14. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 12, characterized in that, The steps for forming the initial adhesive film include: Provide Part Two; The first part is formed, and the first part is located on the second part.

15. A photovoltaic device, characterized in that, include: The material receiving module is used to transmit the initial structure, which includes: Multiple battery strings, with a first interval between adjacent battery strings; A first cover plate and a second cover plate are respectively located on opposite sides of the plurality of battery strings; An initial adhesive film; the initial adhesive film is located between the first cover plate and the plurality of battery strings; the initial adhesive film includes a first part and a second part, at least a portion of the first part overlaps with the first spacing region, at least a portion of the battery strings are located on the second part, the first part is black, and the second part is a white adhesive film and / or transparent; A lamination module is used to perform lamination processing on the initial battery, so that the initial adhesive film is transformed into a first adhesive film, the first part is transformed into a first part, and the second part is transformed into a second part.

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