Laser flame hybrid cutting apparatus

Abstract

This invention discloses a laser-flame composite cutting device, belonging to the field of laser processing technology. It includes a mounting housing, a laser module, a flame module, and a composite nozzle mounted on the mounting housing. The composite nozzle includes a first through hole and a second annular hole coaxially fitted together. The first through hole is connected to the laser module, and the second annular hole is connected to the flame module. A first on / off valve is provided on the oxygen transmission pipeline of the flame module, and a second on / off valve is provided on the gas transmission pipeline. A first transmission pipeline is provided inside the mounting housing, sequentially connecting the oxygen transmission pipeline, the gas transmission pipeline, and the second annular hole. The gas transmission path length of oxygen from the first on / off valve to the second annular hole is equal to the gas transmission path length of gas from the second on / off valve to the second annular hole. In this invention, the oxygen and gas are mixed and ejected in a basically set ratio in the laser-flame composite cutting device, ensuring precise adjustment of the flame thermal power and achieving precise control of the laser-flame composite cutting quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser processing technology, and specifically relates to a laser-flame composite cutting device. Background Technology

[0002] A laser cutting machine is a cutting device that focuses a laser beam emitted from a laser source into a high-power-density laser beam through an optical path system. The laser beam irradiates the surface of the workpiece, causing the workpiece to locally heat up to its melting and boiling points. At the same time, high-pressure gas coaxial with the beam blows away the molten or vaporized metal, thereby achieving the purpose of cutting the metal.

[0003] Laser cutting machines use laser cutting to replace traditional mechanical tools, avoiding scratches on the workpiece surface during processing. Furthermore, laser cutting is fast, producing smooth and even cuts, reducing subsequent secondary processing steps, making it a highly efficient cutting process. However, when cutting plates thicker than 30mm, existing laser cutting equipment still has some drawbacks: Thick plate cutting typically requires extremely high-power lasers, which significantly increases the cost of the laser cutting machine. The loss of optical fibers and lenses during operation also increases, leading to substantial energy expenditure. Secondly, the energy of high-power lasers attenuates in the thickness direction of the plate, easily causing problems such as bottom slag, rough cut surfaces, and large vertical errors in the thickness direction when cutting thick plates.

[0004] To address the numerous drawbacks of laser cutting machines in thick plate cutting, existing technology has designed laser-flame hybrid cutting machines. These machines combine laser and flame, using the laser to rapidly pierce and ignite the metal, then providing cutting energy through a ferro-oxygen combustion reaction. This laser-flame hybrid method can significantly improve plate cutting efficiency without increasing laser power. However, because laser-flame hybrid cutting machines require the combined use of laser and flame, adjustments to the laser cutting thickness or cutting path during plate cutting necessitate adjustments to the cutting path and power. While laser intensity can be quickly adjusted via laser power, flame temperature requires simultaneous adjustment of the oxygen and gas output ratio. In actual operation, oxygen and gas are not always perfectly synchronized, leading to fluctuations in oxygen and gas flow rates during power adjustments. This fluctuation in flame thermal power negatively impacts the cutting quality of the laser-flame hybrid cutting machine. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to one or more of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the existing technology, the present invention provides a laser flame composite cutting device to solve the problem that the flame thermal power control fluctuates when the cutting thickness of the plate is adjusted or the cutting line is changed, resulting in a decrease in the quality of laser flame composite cutting.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a laser-flame composite cutting device, comprising: The mounting housing is provided with a first transmission pipeline; A laser module, connected to the mounting housing, is used to emit laser light; A flame module, connected to the mounting housing, includes an oxygen transmission pipeline and a gas transmission pipeline. The oxygen transmission pipeline includes a first on / off valve connected to an oxygen pipeline, and the gas transmission pipeline includes a second on / off valve connected to a gas pipeline. A composite nozzle includes a first through hole and a second annular hole coaxially sleeved together. The laser emitted by the laser module is emitted through the first through hole, and the mixed gas output by the flame module is emitted through the second annular hole. The first transmission pipeline is connected in sequence to the oxygen transmission pipeline, the gas transmission pipeline and the second annular hole, and the gas transmission path length of oxygen from the first on-off valve to the second annular hole is equal to the gas transmission path length of gas from the second on-off valve to the second annular hole.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the transmission pressure of the oxygen transmission pipeline is greater than that of the gas transmission pipeline, the connection between the gas transmission pipeline and the first transmission pipeline forms an inlet, and the oxygen transmission pipeline, the inlet, and the first transmission pipeline form a jet-suction structure.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first transmission pipeline includes an injection section and a mixing section. The injection section is a pipeline that connects the first transmission pipeline to the oxygen transmission pipeline and the gas transmission pipeline respectively. The mixing section is a pipeline that connects the first transmission pipeline to the gas transmission pipeline and the second annular hole respectively. The sum of the length of the oxygen transmission pipeline and the length of the injection section is equal to the length of the gas transmission pipeline.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first transmission pipeline has an expansion section in the pipeline between the gas transmission pipeline and the second annular hole, and the inner diameter of the expansion section is larger than the inner diameter of other parts of the first transmission pipeline.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the second annular hole has at least one expansion cavity along the channel extension direction, the diameter of the expansion cavity is larger than the channel diameter of the second annular hole, and the expansion cavity forms an outwardly convex spherical structure relative to the inner wall of the second annular hole, and the expansion cavity forms a resonant cavity structure within the second annular hole.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the composite nozzle is further provided with an arc-shaped buffer section arranged in parallel with the second annular hole. The arc-shaped buffer section forms an arc-shaped channel relative to the channel path of the second annular hole, and the two ends of the arc-shaped buffer section are respectively connected to the channel of the second annular hole.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the second annular hole includes a plurality of gas delivery channels arranged in a ring array around the first through hole.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the composite nozzle includes a segmented ceramic segment, a connecting segment, and a nozzle segment. One end of the ceramic segment is connected to the mounting housing, and the other end is connected to the connecting segment. The end of the connecting segment facing away from the ceramic segment is connected to the nozzle segment. The nozzle section includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder coaxially sleeved together. The inner cylinder is hollow and connected to the first through hole. The space between the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the inner cylinder is connected to the second annular hole.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the ceramic segment is provided with a countersunk hole along the extension direction of the first through hole, and a conductive copper pillar is embedded in the countersunk hole, and the conductive copper pillar is connected to a capacitor height adjustment sensor.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of channels are provided at intervals on the outer peripheral sidewall of the inner cylinder on the side opposite to the connecting section, and the extending direction of each channel is parallel to the extending direction of the first through hole.

[0016] The aforementioned improved technical features can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0017] In summary, the beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention compared with the prior art include: (1) The laser-flame composite cutting device of the present invention adjusts the gas transmission paths of the oxygen transmission pipeline and the gas transmission pipeline to the second annulus hole, so that the transmission paths of oxygen and gas are the same before they are mixed and ejected. When the first and second opening and closing valves are adjusted synchronously, the oxygen and gas output from the oxygen transmission pipeline and the gas transmission pipeline arrive at the second annulus hole in a basically set ratio. This method ensures that even if the thermal power of the flame needs to be adjusted during the laser-flame composite cutting process, the oxygen and gas are basically guaranteed to be mixed and ejected in a set ratio. That is, the flame formed at the second annulus hole is a flame that meets the cutting expectation, ensuring the precise adjustment of the flame thermal power and realizing the precise control of the laser-flame composite cutting quality.

[0018] (2) The laser flame composite cutting device of the present invention designs an expansion cavity on the channel of the second ring hole. The expansion cavity forms a resonant cavity structure in the second ring hole. By forming a buffer volume at the expansion cavity, the external reflected airflow is reduced to compress the oxygen and gas mixture in the second channel, thereby reducing the influence of the reflected airflow on the plate surface on the output gas and ensuring the stable adjustment of the flame thermal power.

[0019] (3) The laser flame composite cutting device of the present invention arranges the second annular hole and the arc-shaped buffer section side by side, so that when the reflected gas kinetic energy propagates along the channel of the second annular hole, it will partially turn to the arc-shaped channel, and the reflected gas kinetic energy will oscillate back and forth in the arc-shaped channel, thereby eliminating the kinetic energy. This can significantly reduce the impact and disturbance of the reflected gas flow on the oxygen and fuel gas mixture output in the subsequent second annular hole.

[0020] (4) The laser flame composite cutting device of the present invention has a ceramic segment structure made of ceramic between the mounting housing and the nozzle segment. When the laser flame composite cutting device malfunctions and comes into contact with the plate, the ceramic segment will fracture brittlely, thus preventing the impact force from being transmitted to the mounting housing and the laser module, which would cause overall damage to the laser flame composite cutting device. In addition, the composite nozzle is set in a three-section form of ceramic segment, connecting segment and nozzle segment, so that the ceramic segment can be replaced individually, avoiding the problem of overall damage to the composite nozzle after the laser flame composite cutting device comes into hard contact with the plate. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the laser-flame composite cutting device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the laser-flame composite cutting device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the composite nozzle in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the composite nozzle in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ceramic segment in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the ceramic segment in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of another ceramic segment in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of another ceramic segment in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the outer cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the outer cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the inner cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the inner cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically: 1. Mounting housing; 2. Flame module; 3. Composite nozzle; 4. Baffle; 5. First on / off valve; 6. Second on / off valve; 101. First transmission pipeline; 102. Second transmission pipeline; 103. Expansion section; 201. Oxygen transmission pipeline; 202. Gas transmission pipeline; 301. First through hole; 302. Second annular hole; 303. Ceramic section; 304. Connecting section; 305. Nozzle section; 3021. Gas delivery channel; 3022. Expansion chamber; 3023. Arc-shaped channel; 3031, Conductive copper pillar; 3032, Flange; 3041, convex ring; 3042, first threaded ring; 3043, second threaded ring; 3051, inner cylinder; 3052, outer cylinder; 3053, channel. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that, unless otherwise stated, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0025] Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0028] Example: Please see Figures 1-12The laser-flame composite cutting device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a mounting housing 1, which has a first transmission pipeline 101 inside; a laser module connected to the mounting housing 1 for emitting laser light; and a flame module 2 also connected to the mounting housing 1, which includes an oxygen transmission pipeline 201 and a gas transmission pipeline 202. The oxygen transmission pipeline 201 includes a first on / off valve 5 connected to an oxygen pipeline, and the gas transmission pipeline 202 includes a second on / off valve 6 connected to a gas pipeline. And a composite nozzle 3, which includes a first through hole 301 and a second annular hole 302 coaxially sleeved. The laser emitted from the laser module is emitted through the first through hole 301, and the mixed gas output from the flame module 2 is emitted through the second annular hole 302. The first transmission pipeline 101 is connected in sequence to the oxygen transmission pipeline 201, the gas transmission pipeline 202, and the second annular hole 302. The gas transmission path length of oxygen from the first on / off valve 5 to the second annular hole 302 is equal to the gas transmission path length of gas from the second on / off valve 6 to the second annular hole 302.

[0029] In conventional laser-flame composite cutting devices, the flame composite includes an oxygen transmission line 201 and a gas transmission line 202, taking into account the mixing method of oxygen and gas. Existing technology mainly employs an ejector-suction structure, which first ejects high-pressure oxygen. When this high-speed oxygen flows through the inlet of the gas transmission line 202, a negative pressure is generated at the inlet, drawing out the gas from the gas transmission line 202 and thus mixing the oxygen and gas for subsequent ignition to form a flame. Compared to traditional oxygen-gas mixing methods, the ejector-suction structure significantly improves the mixing degree of oxygen and gas, providing a more stable flame during subsequent cutting. Correspondingly, due to the design of the ejector-suction structure, oxygen must first be introduced into the oxygen-gas mixing line, and the negative pressure generated by the oxygen flow draws out the gas. Normally, the oxygen transmission line 201 is located at the end of the gas transmission line 202 away from the composite nozzle 3, and the oxygen in the oxygen transmission line 201 preferentially enters the first transmission line 101. This method results in oxygen and fuel gas not being injected synchronously. During the stable combustion phase, oxygen and fuel gas are mixed in equal proportions, and the arrangement of oxygen transmission pipeline 201 and fuel gas transmission pipeline 202 does not affect the thermal power of the combustion flame. However, when it is necessary to adjust the flame temperature and flame ejection length, the output power of oxygen and fuel gas needs to be adjusted synchronously. The oxygen being output first causes an imbalance in the matching of oxygen and fuel gas, which in turn causes fluctuations in the flame thermal power regulation.

[0030] Based on this, the present invention adjusts the gas transmission paths of the oxygen transmission pipeline 201 and the gas transmission pipeline 202 to the second annular hole 302, ensuring that the transmission paths of oxygen and gas are the same before they are mixed and ejected. When the first on / off valve 5 and the second on / off valve 6 are adjusted synchronously, the oxygen and gas output from the oxygen transmission pipeline 201 and the gas transmission pipeline 202 arrive at the second annular hole 302 at approximately the set ratio. This method ensures that even if the thermal power of the flame needs to be adjusted during the laser flame composite cutting process, the oxygen and gas are still mixed and ejected at approximately the set ratio. That is, the flame formed at the second annular hole 302 is the flame that meets the cutting expectation, ensuring precise adjustment of the flame thermal power and achieving precise control of the laser flame composite cutting quality. It is worth noting that the present invention provides a method for precisely controlling the oxygen and gas ratio by quantifying the transmission length of the oxygen transmission pipeline 201 and the gas transmission pipeline 202, given that the output pressures of oxygen and gas are known.

[0031] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the transmission pressure of the oxygen transmission pipeline 201 is greater than the transmission pressure of the gas transmission pipeline 202, and the connection between the gas transmission pipeline 202 and the first transmission pipeline 101 forms an intake port. The oxygen transmission pipeline 201, the intake port, and the first transmission pipeline 101 constitute a jet-suction structure. The present invention can set the transmission pressures of the oxygen transmission pipeline 201 and the gas transmission pipeline 202 to form an intake port structure at the connection between the gas transmission pipeline 202 and the first transmission pipeline 101, thereby drawing out the gas in the gas transmission pipeline 202 and achieving the mixing of oxygen and gas. Optionally, the transmission pressures of the oxygen transmission pipeline 201 and the gas transmission pipeline 202 are controlled based on the oxygen and gas supply pressures or the opening and closing degrees of the first on / off valve 5 and the second on / off valve 6.

[0032] Furthermore, the first transmission pipeline 101 in this invention includes an injection section and a mixing section. The injection section is the pipeline connecting the first transmission pipeline 101 to the oxygen transmission pipeline 201 and the gas transmission pipeline 202 respectively. The mixing section is the pipeline connecting the first transmission pipeline 101 to the gas transmission pipeline 202 and the second annular hole 302 respectively. The sum of the length of the oxygen transmission pipeline 201 and the length of the injection section is equal to the length of the gas transmission pipeline 202. Specifically, the injection section receives oxygen output from the oxygen transmission pipeline 201 and flows through the outlet of the gas transmission pipeline 202, thereby carrying the gas in the gas transmission pipeline 202 into the first transmission pipeline 101. The mixing section mixes the oxygen and gas, ensuring that the oxygen and gas entering the second annular hole 302 are uniformly mixed, facilitating the subsequent provision of a stable flame. It is worth noting that in this invention, the lengths of the oxygen transmission pipeline 201, the gas transmission pipeline 202, the first transmission pipeline 101, and the second transmission pipeline 102 are set to be equivalent to the lengths through which different gases flow in the pipelines.

[0033] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, the mixing section in the present invention can be arranged in a spiral arrangement within the mounting housing 1, thereby increasing the path length of the mixing section and increasing the mixing time of oxygen and fuel gas, so that oxygen and fuel gas are fully mixed.

[0034] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, the first transmission pipeline 101 of the present invention has an expansion section 103 in the pipeline between the gas transmission pipeline 202 and the second annular hole 302, and the inner diameter of the expansion section 103 is larger than the inner diameter of other parts of the first transmission pipeline 101. In addition to increasing the length of the mixing section, the present invention can also provide an expansion section 103 on the mixing section. The expansion section 103 is the part of the pipeline with an increased inner diameter on the first transmission pipeline 101. By adding the expansion section 103, the mixed gas of oxygen and gas will first expand and then compress in the expansion section 103, so that the oxygen and gas form turbulence in the expansion section 103, thereby improving the mixing degree of oxygen and gas.

[0035] Optionally, the expansion section 103 can form a stepped structure with the first transmission pipeline 101, or an arc-shaped transition surface can be provided at the connection between the expansion section 103 and the first transmission pipeline 101.

[0036] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the second annular hole 302 has at least one expansion cavity 3022 along the channel extension direction. The diameter of the expansion cavity 3022 is larger than the channel diameter of the second annular hole 302, and the expansion cavity 3022 forms an outwardly convex spherical structure relative to the inner wall of the second annular hole 302. The expansion cavity 3022 forms a resonant cavity structure within the second annular hole 302 to dissipate the energy of airflow pulsation, thereby weakening the pressure wave amplitude generated when the gas rebounds from the outlet of the second annular hole 302.

[0037] In laser flame composite cutting, besides the fluctuations in flame thermal power caused by the inconsistency between oxygen and fuel gas output, another major factor contributing to these fluctuations is that after the high-pressure fuel gas and air are injected onto the surface of the sheet metal, the sheet metal reflects some of the airflow back to the composite nozzle 3. This returned airflow disrupts the oxygen-fuel gas mixture within the second annular hole 302, further causing fluctuations in flame thermal power. The airflow reflected back from the sheet metal surface disturbs the output state of the oxygen-fuel gas mixture throughout the process, and the airflow transmission exhibits a lag. When the flow rates of oxygen and fuel gas in the oxygen transmission pipeline 201 and the fuel gas transmission pipeline 202 decrease, the airflow velocity output at the second annular hole 302 decreases, while the airflow velocity reflected back from the sheet metal has not yet decreased. This further exacerbates the airflow fluctuations of the oxygen-fuel gas mixture, making it difficult to control the flame thermal power. Based on the problem of airflow fluctuation of the oxygen and fuel gas mixture output from the second annular hole 302, this invention designs an expansion cavity 3022 on the channel of the second annular hole 302. The expansion cavity 3022 forms a resonant cavity structure within the second annular hole 302. By forming a buffer volume at the expansion cavity 3022, the compression of the oxygen and fuel gas mixture in the second channel by the external reflected airflow is reduced, thereby reducing the impact of the reflected airflow on the plate surface on the output gas and ensuring stable adjustment of the flame thermal power.

[0038] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the composite nozzle 3 is further provided with an arc-shaped buffer section connected in parallel with the second annular hole 302. The arc-shaped buffer section forms an arc-shaped channel 3023 relative to the channel path of the second annular hole 302, and the two ends of the arc-shaped buffer section are respectively connected to the channel of the second annular hole 302. In addition to the above-mentioned arrangement of the resonant cavity structure and the second annular hole 302 in series, the resonant cavity structure and the second annular hole 302 can also be arranged in parallel. By arranging the second annular hole 302 and the arc-shaped buffer section in parallel, the reflected gas kinetic energy will partially deflect towards the arc-shaped channel 3023 when it propagates along the channel of the second annular hole 302. The reflected gas kinetic energy will oscillate back and forth in the arc-shaped channel 3023, thereby eliminating the kinetic energy. This can significantly reduce the impact and disturbance of the reflected airflow on the oxygen and fuel gas mixture output from the second annular hole 302.

[0039] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the second annular hole 302 includes multiple gas delivery channels 3021 arranged in a ring array around the first through hole 301. The first through hole 301 in the composite nozzle 3 is used to output laser light, and the second annular hole 302 is used to output a mixture of oxygen and fuel gas. The laser has good collimation performance and can accurately cut the target part of the plate. The mixture of oxygen and fuel gas is output through the second annular hole 302. The cross-section of the second annular hole 302 is relatively large, making it difficult to ensure that the mixture of oxygen and fuel gas is uniformly output along the cross-section of the second annular hole 302, resulting in a non-uniform distribution of the flame around the laser. Based on this, in order to improve the uniformity of the flame, the present invention provides multiple gas delivery channels 3021 arranged in a ring array on the composite nozzle 3. By evenly distributing the mixture of oxygen and fuel gas into each gas delivery channel 3021, a uniform distribution of the flame around the laser is achieved. It is worth noting that when the second annular hole 302 is configured as multiple gas delivery channels 3021 arranged in a ring array, each of the above gas channels needs to be provided with an expansion cavity 3022 and an arc-shaped buffer section.

[0040] Optionally, the diameter of the plurality of gas delivery channels 3021 in this invention is 2-3 mm, preferably 2.4 mm. Correspondingly, the maximum diameter at the expansion cavity 3022 is 1.25-2 times the diameter of the gas delivery channel 3021.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the mounting housing 1 further includes a second transmission conduit 102. The second transmission conduit 102 is coaxially arranged with the first through hole 301. One end of the second transmission conduit 102 is connected to the first through hole 301, and the other end is connected to the laser module. The second transmission conduit 102 is mainly used to transmit the laser emitted by the laser module to the first through hole 301. Finally, the laser and the flame are emitted coaxially, realizing laser and flame composite cutting.

[0042] Preferably, the oxygen transmission pipeline 201 is further provided with a branch pipe, which is connected to the second transmission pipeline 102. In addition to the laser, some oxygen also enters the second transmission pipeline 102. When the laser flame composite cutting device performs cutting work, the oxygen sprayed from the first through hole 301 can blow away the welding slag and other materials generated during the cutting process to the outside, which facilitates efficient and stable cutting of the plate.

[0043] Furthermore, the laser module of this invention includes a fiber optic interface, a collimating lens, a focusing lens, and a protective lens arranged sequentially. The fiber optic interface is used to connect to an external laser, the collimating lens converts diverging light into parallel light, the focusing lens focuses the parallel light into a high-energy spot, and the protective lens prevents molten slag from damaging the lenses of the laser module. This structure is common in laser cutting and will not be described further here.

[0044] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, a cooling module is also provided on the outside of the mounting housing 1. The cooling module includes a cooling gas transmission pipeline, which is arranged circumferentially around the second transmission pipeline 102. It is used to cool the inside of the mounting housing 1 to prevent the heat generated by the laser from damaging the mounting housing 1, and to prevent the temperature difference between the two sides of the protective mirror facing the laser module and the second transmission pipeline 102 from being too large, which would cause the protective mirror surface to fog up.

[0045] Preferably, the cooling gas transmission pipeline and the oxygen transmission pipeline 201 are set at the same height to allow the cooling gas to be introduced into the mounting housing 1 as early as possible, thereby cooling the mounting housing 1. Preferably, the cooling gas inside the cooling gas transmission pipeline is air, and the air needs to be dried before being transmitted into the mounting housing 1.

[0046] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the composite nozzle 3 includes a segmented ceramic segment 303, a connecting segment 304, and a nozzle segment 305. One end of the ceramic segment 303 is connected to the mounting housing 1, and the other end is connected to the connecting segment 304; the end of the connecting segment 304 facing away from the ceramic segment 303 is connected to the nozzle segment 305. The nozzle segment 305 includes a coaxially sleeved inner cylinder 3051 and an outer cylinder 3052. The inner cylinder 3051 is hollow and connected to a first through hole 301, and the space between the inner wall of the outer cylinder 3052 and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 3051 is connected to a second annular hole 302. By providing a ceramic segment 303 structure between the mounting housing 1 and the nozzle segment 305, when the laser flame composite cutting device malfunctions and comes into contact with the plate, the ceramic segment 303 undergoes brittle fracture, preventing the impact force from being transmitted to the mounting housing 1 and the laser module, thus avoiding overall damage to the laser flame composite cutting device. In addition, the composite nozzle 3 is configured as a three-section form consisting of a ceramic section 303, a connecting section 304, and a nozzle section 305, which allows the ceramic section 303 to be replaced individually, thus avoiding the problem of the composite nozzle 3 being damaged as a whole after the laser flame composite cutting device comes into hard contact with the plate.

[0047] Furthermore, such as Figure 5As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the ceramic segment 303 has a countersunk hole extending along the first through hole 301. A conductive copper pillar 3031 is embedded in the countersunk hole, and the conductive copper pillar 3031 is connected to a capacitance adjustment sensor. The side of the ceramic segment 303 facing the nozzle segment 305 has a countersunk hole structure. When the conductive copper pillar 3031 is placed inside the countersunk hole, the conduction between the conductive copper pillar 3031 and the connecting segment 304 and the nozzle segment 305 is avoided. The conductive copper pillar 3031 and the metal plate form a capacitor structure. When the composite nozzle 3 with the conductive copper pillar 3031 moves toward or away from the metal plate, the capacitance of the capacitor structure will change accordingly. The capacitance adjustment sensor can detect the capacitance change accordingly and then calculate the relative distance between the composite nozzle 3 and the surface of the plate, thereby realizing precise control of the position of the laser flame composite cutting device.

[0048] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the ceramic segment 303 has a cylindrical structure. A flange 3032 is provided on the side of the ceramic segment 303 facing the mounting housing 1. A first through hole 301 is formed in the middle of the ceramic segment 303, and multiple gas delivery channels 3021 are arranged circumferentially around the first through hole 301. The gas delivery channels 3021 penetrate the end faces of the ceramic segment 303 along both sides of the first through hole 301, and the spacing between the gas delivery channels 3021 narrows from the mounting housing 1 side to the composite nozzle 3 side. Simultaneously, the ceramic segment 303 is fixed to the mounting housing 1 by a threaded connection.

[0049] More preferably, the connecting section 304 has a cylindrical structure, and a protruding ring 3041 is provided at the end of the connecting section 304 facing the ceramic section 303. The protruding ring 3041 is coaxially arranged with the first through hole 301, and the protruding ring 3041 has external threads. The inner wall of the ceramic section 303 has internal threads, and the protruding ring 3041 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the ceramic section 303. A first threaded ring 3042 and a second threaded ring 3043 are provided on the side of the connecting section 304 away from the ceramic section 303. The inner cylinder 3051 is threadedly connected to the first threaded ring 3042, and the outer cylinder 3052 is threadedly connected to the second threaded ring 3043.

[0050] Furthermore, such as Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the outer cylinder 3052 is narrowed along the side opposite to the connecting section 304, and a frustum is formed inside the outer cylinder 3052. Figure 11 , Figure 12As shown, the inner cylinder 3051 has a stepped through-hole, and the inner diameter of the through-hole on the side of the inner cylinder 3051 facing the connecting section 304 is larger than the inner diameter of the through-hole on the side of the inner cylinder 3051 away from the connecting section 304. Furthermore, multiple channels 3053 are spaced apart on the outer peripheral sidewall of the inner cylinder 3051 on the side away from the connecting section 304, and the extension direction of each channel 3053 is parallel to the extension direction of the first through-hole 301. The outer cylinder 3052 and the inner cylinder 3051 have an overall narrowing structure, which can reduce the size of the composite nozzle 3 and narrow the inner diameter of the second annular hole 302, thereby improving the flame concentration, increasing the flame thermal power, and increasing the cutting accuracy and efficiency of the plate. Furthermore, the channel 3053 structure on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 3051 can optimize the gas flow direction of the oxygen and fuel gas mixture and maintain the stability of airflow speed and pressure; and the channel 3053 structure can improve the uniformity of flame distribution, so that the flame ejected from the composite nozzle 3 is bundled together as a whole, thereby improving the quality of laser flame composite cutting.

[0051] Preferably, the channels 3053 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer peripheral sidewall of the inner cylinder 3051.

[0052] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, a baffle 4 is provided between the mounting housing 1 and the composite nozzle 3. The baffle 4 is arranged in a ring and is detachably connected to the mounting housing 1 and the composite nozzle 3. It is used to block the welding slag generated by the side cutting of the plate and to prevent the welding slag from splashing and damaging the mounting housing 1, the laser module and the flame module 2.

[0053] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser-flame hybrid cutting apparatus, characterized by, include: The mounting housing is provided with a first transmission pipeline; A laser module, connected to the mounting housing, is used to emit laser light; A flame module, connected to the mounting housing, includes an oxygen transmission pipeline and a gas transmission pipeline. The oxygen transmission pipeline includes a first on / off valve connected to an oxygen pipeline, and the gas transmission pipeline includes a second on / off valve connected to a gas pipeline. A composite nozzle includes a first through hole and a second annular hole coaxially sleeved together. The laser emitted by the laser module is emitted through the first through hole, and the mixed gas output by the flame module is emitted through the second annular hole. The first transmission pipeline is connected in sequence to the oxygen transmission pipeline, the gas transmission pipeline and the second annular hole, and the gas transmission path length of oxygen from the first on-off valve to the second annular hole is equal to the gas transmission path length of gas from the second on-off valve to the second annular hole.

2. The laser-flame hybrid cutting apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The oxygen transmission pipeline has a transmission pressure greater than that of the gas transmission pipeline. The connection between the gas transmission pipeline and the first transmission pipeline forms an inlet. The oxygen transmission pipeline, the inlet, and the first transmission pipeline form a jet-suction structure.

3. The laser-flame hybrid cutting apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The first transmission pipeline includes an injection section and a mixing section. The injection section is a pipeline that connects the first transmission pipeline to the oxygen transmission pipeline and the gas transmission pipeline respectively. The mixing section is a pipeline that connects the first transmission pipeline to the gas transmission pipeline and the second annular hole respectively. The sum of the length of the oxygen transmission pipeline and the length of the injection section is equal to the length of the gas transmission pipeline.

4. The laser-flame hybrid cutting apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The first transmission pipeline has an expansion section in the pipeline between the gas transmission pipeline and the second annular hole, and the inner diameter of the expansion section is larger than the inner diameter of other parts of the first transmission pipeline.

5. The laser-flame hybrid cutting apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The second annular hole has at least one expansion cavity along the channel extension direction. The diameter of the expansion cavity is larger than the channel diameter of the second annular hole, and the expansion cavity forms an outwardly convex spherical structure relative to the inner wall of the second annular hole. The expansion cavity forms a resonant cavity structure within the second annular hole.

6. The laser-flame hybrid cutting apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The composite nozzle is also provided with an arc-shaped buffer section arranged in parallel with the second annular hole. The arc-shaped buffer section forms an arc-shaped channel relative to the channel path of the second annular hole, and the two ends of the arc-shaped buffer section are respectively connected to the channel of the second annular hole.

7. Laser flame hybrid cutting apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that The second annular hole includes multiple gas delivery channels arranged in a ring array around the first through hole.

8. The laser-flame hybrid cutting apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The composite nozzle includes a segmented ceramic segment, a connecting segment, and a nozzle segment. One end of the ceramic segment is connected to the mounting housing, and the other end is connected to the connecting segment. The end of the connecting segment facing away from the ceramic segment is connected to the nozzle segment. The nozzle section includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder coaxially sleeved together. The inner cylinder is hollow and connected to the first through hole. The space between the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the inner cylinder is connected to the second annular hole.

9. The laser-flame hybrid cutting apparatus of claim 8, wherein, The ceramic segment has a countersunk hole along the extension direction of the first through hole, and a conductive copper pillar is embedded in the countersunk hole. The conductive copper pillar is connected to a capacitor height adjustment sensor.

10. The laser-flame hybrid cutting apparatus of claim 8, wherein, The outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder opposite to the connecting section is provided with a plurality of channels at intervals, and the extension direction of each channel is parallel to the extension direction of the first through hole.

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