A deep-sea benthic observation device based on dissolved oxygen compensation using two-way concentration gradient gas exchange.

Abstract

This invention proposes a deep-sea seabed observation device based on bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange for dissolved oxygen compensation, belonging to the field of deep-sea exploration and marine instrumentation technology. It solves the problems of existing deep-sea seabed in-situ observation devices, such as the inability to achieve low-disturbance dissolved oxygen compensation and carbon dioxide removal during long-term closed observations, and the difficulty in adapting to extreme high pressures in the deep sea to achieve pressure stabilization, leading to deterioration of the observation environment, data distortion, and insufficient equipment reliability. It includes an observation unit, a power and chemistry unit, and a fixed lifting system. The observation unit comprises an observation cabin, a membrane module installed on the bottom of the observation cabin's hatch, and a circulation hose connected to the membrane module. The membrane module includes a membrane module frame and a PTFE tube fixed to the membrane module frame in a spiral configuration. The PTFE tube is a microporous hose that enables bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange. The power and chemistry unit is installed at the front panel of the observation cabin via a power and chemistry unit mounting component. It is mainly used for deep-sea seabed observation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of deep-sea exploration and marine instrumentation technology, and in particular relates to a deep-sea benthic observation device based on dissolved oxygen compensation through bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange. Background Technology

[0002] Deep-sea benthic ecosystems are an important subject of marine scientific research, and in-situ observation is an effective means of obtaining the true physiological characteristics of benthic organisms and the structure of the substrate community. Existing deep-sea benthic in-situ observation devices typically form a relatively closed observation space for observation. However, during long-term closed observation, the rapid deterioration of the microenvironment inside the chamber is the primary technical bottleneck faced by current technologies.

[0003] First, the continuous respiration of benthic organisms leads to the rapid depletion of dissolved oxygen in the water. Existing devices fail to provide an effective, sustainable, and bubble-free dissolved oxygen compensation mechanism, which can easily cause the observed targets to experience stress responses or even die due to hypoxia. Second, existing technical solutions suffer from the problem of large-scale carbon dioxide accumulation inside the chamber. The continuous accumulation of carbon dioxide can cause severe acidification of the locally enclosed water body, completely destroying the original living environment of benthic organisms and leading to distorted observational data.

[0004] Furthermore, the extreme high-pressure environment of the deep sea places stringent pressure stabilization requirements on observation equipment with complex pipelines. Existing deep-sea observation equipment largely relies on heavy, rigid pressure-resistant shells to protect internal components. This not only significantly increases the size and manufacturing cost of the equipment, but also makes it difficult for the rigid cavities to effectively eliminate the enormous pressure difference caused by depths of thousands of meters when internal and external fluid circulation pipelines are introduced. Even slight deformation of the pipeline system or dynamic seals under high pressure can easily lead to seawater backflow or pipeline rupture. Therefore, current technologies still have significant shortcomings in deep-sea pressure stabilization and compensation for complex biochemical observation devices.

[0005] Given the numerous shortcomings of the existing technologies, there is an urgent need for a deep-sea benthic observation device that can provide low-disturbance dissolved oxygen compensation and carbon dioxide removal, maintain a suitable microenvironment for long-term biological survival, and adapt to extreme high pressure in the deep sea, in order to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a deep-sea subsea observation device based on bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange for dissolved oxygen compensation, in order to solve the problems of existing deep-sea subsea in-situ observation devices being unable to achieve low-disturbance dissolved oxygen compensation and carbon dioxide removal during long-term closed observation, and being unable to adapt to extreme deep-sea pressure to achieve pressure stabilization, resulting in deterioration of the observation environment, data distortion and insufficient equipment reliability.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a deep-sea submerged observation device based on bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange for dissolved oxygen compensation, comprising an observation unit, a power and chemical unit, and a fixed lifting system. The observation unit includes an observation chamber, a membrane assembly disposed on the bottom surface of the observation chamber's cover, and a circulation hose connected to the membrane assembly. The membrane assembly includes a membrane assembly frame and a PTFE tube fixed to the membrane assembly frame in a spiral configuration. The PTFE tube is a microporous hose for achieving bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange. The power and chemical unit is disposed at the front panel of the observation chamber via a power and chemical unit mounting component. The power and chemical unit includes a power and chemical chamber, a circulation pump disposed within the power and chemical chamber, a calcium peroxide chemical reaction device, and a dual-head accumulator. The circulation pump, calcium peroxide chemical reaction device, dual-head accumulator, and circulation hose are sequentially connected to form a high-oxygen water circulation loop to achieve dissolved oxygen compensation in the observation chamber. The fixed lifting system is connected to the observation unit and is used to drive the observation unit to press down vertically and integrate the device into a single unit.

[0008] Furthermore, the observation unit also includes a feeding system and an observation system. The feeding system is mounted on the hatch of the observation cabin via a storage bin support. The observation system includes a deep-sea camera and sensors, which together form an observation network.

[0009] Furthermore, the feeding system includes a storage bin cover, an upper storage bin, a crank, a connecting rod, a pusher block fixing rod, a lower storage bin, a pusher block, a lower storage bin side cover, and a slide rail. The storage bin cover is threaded to the upper storage bin, and the upper storage bin and the lower storage bin are bolted together to form a sealed cavity. A lower storage bin side cover is provided on the lower side of the storage bin. The slide rail is located inside the lower storage bin. The pusher block and the slide rail form a sliding pair. The pusher block is connected to the pusher block fixing rod, and the pusher block fixing rod is bolted to the crank via a connecting rod to form a concentric crank-slider mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, the deep-sea camera is oriented using a deep-sea camera holder, which is bolted to a holder fastener. The holder fastener is mounted on the front and rear panels and the hatch of the observation cabin, and the sensor is mounted on the sensor mounting tube using a sensor fastener.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom of the observation cabin is surrounded by a steel skirt with sediment embedded around it. Two observation box lifting rings are symmetrically arranged on the cabin cover. Sliding block fixing blocks are arranged on the left and right sides of the observation cabin. The fixed lifting system includes a fixed frame, lifting rings, trapezoidal screws and sliding blocks. The trapezoidal screws are arranged on the left and right sides of the fixed frame. The sliding blocks are connected to the sliding block fixing blocks. The sliding blocks and trapezoidal screws form a sliding pair. The lifting rings are symmetrically arranged on the upper support structure of the fixed frame. Support feet are welded to the bottom of the fixed frame.

[0012] Furthermore, the calcium peroxide chemical reaction device includes a reactor cover, a reactor through-plate quick-connect joint, a reactor, a screen cover, calcium peroxide slow-release granules, and a screen bucket. The calcium peroxide slow-release granules are placed inside the screen bucket, and the screen cover is bolted to the screen bucket. The screen bucket is installed in the reactor and connected to the reactor cover. The reactor through-plate quick-connect joint is respectively located at the bottom of the reactor cover and the reactor. The calcium peroxide chemical reaction device is fixed to one end face of the power and chemical chamber cover by a reactor support.

[0013] Furthermore, the power and chemical unit also includes a hydrocyclone desander, which is fixed to one side of the cover of the power and chemical compartment by a hydrocyclone desander support. The hydrocyclone desander includes a hydrocyclone desander body and quick-connect hydrocyclone desanders installed on the upper end face and side inlet of the hydrocyclone desander body, respectively. The hydrocyclone desander is connected to the inlet of the circulating pump.

[0014] Furthermore, the power and chemical unit also includes an external pressure stabilizing unit, which includes an external bladder through-plate quick connector, an external bladder fixing component, an external bladder, and an external bladder placement container. The external bladder is disposed inside the external bladder placement container and fixed to one side of the outer end face of the power and chemical compartment by the external bladder fixing component. The external bladder through-plate quick connector is disposed on the outer end face of the power and chemical compartment cover and connected to the external bladder. The dual-head accumulator is disposed within a dual-head accumulator fixing frame, and the dual-head accumulator fixing frame is connected to the cover of the power and chemical compartment by an energy storage support component.

[0015] Furthermore, the power and chemical compartment is equipped with a power and chemical compartment cover, an oil plug is provided on the outer end face of the power and chemical compartment cover, a controller and installation box and a power supply and installation box are provided on the lower end face of the inside of the power and chemical compartment, and a quick-connect connector for the circulation hose is also provided on the power and chemical compartment cover.

[0016] Furthermore, the observation unit also includes an observation cabin cover, a PVC pipe through-plate connector, a PVC pipe, a PVC pipe union connector, a deep-sea drive motor, and motor fixing components. The observation cabin cover and the observation cabin cooperate to form an observation cavity. The PVC pipe through-plate connector is located on the end face of the observation cabin cover. The PVC pipe union connector connects the lower part of the storage bin to the PVC pipe. The end of the PVC pipe away from the PVC pipe union connector is connected to the PVC pipe through-plate connector. The deep-sea drive motor is connected to the feeding system through the motor fixing components. The deep-sea drive motor provides power for the rotation of the crank.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the present invention can effectively solve the technical problems of the existing deep-sea seabed in-situ observation device in the process of long-term closed observation, such as the deterioration of the microenvironment inside the cabin, the distortion of observation data, and the insufficient pressure stabilization capability under the extreme high pressure of the deep sea, and has significant technical advantages.

[0018] This observation device is based on a dissolved oxygen environment maintenance system composed of slow-release calcium peroxide particles and microporous PTFE membrane modules. It achieves low-disturbance in-situ bidirectional gas-liquid exchange, effectively extending the survival time of benthic organisms. The system utilizes the natural concentration gradient between the high-oxygen water inside the tube and the low-oxygen water outside the chamber to allow dissolved oxygen to steadily permeate into the observation chamber to compensate for biological consumption without generating bubbles or introducing external seawater. At the same time, the carbon dioxide enriched in the chamber also enters the membrane tube along the concentration gradient and is absorbed by the circulating calcium hydroxide solution. This effectively avoids stress responses in benthic organisms due to hypoxia or water acidification, fundamentally solving the problems of existing devices lacking effective dissolved oxygen compensation and carbon dioxide enrichment leading to environmental damage. It ensures the objectivity and authenticity of long-term in-situ observation data.

[0019] This observation device integrates a cyclone desanding device in the high-oxygen water circulation loop. Based on the hydrodynamic cyclone solid-liquid separation mechanism, this device can effectively separate and collect the calcium carbonate particles generated by the reaction of carbon dioxide and calcium hydroxide solution in the circulation system. This avoids the risk of pipeline and membrane module blockage caused by calcium carbonate precipitation, greatly improves the long-term operational reliability and maintenance-free cycle of the entire deep-sea life support system, and ensures the stable and continuous operation of the dissolved oxygen compensation and gas exchange system.

[0020] Designed for extreme pressure environments in the deep sea, this observation device incorporates flexible pressure compensation mechanisms in its power unit and circulation pipelines. Through the cooperation of an external bladder and a dual-headed accumulator, the entire system can adaptively adjust its internal volume according to changes in external deep-sea hydrostatic pressure, ensuring a dynamic balance between the fluid pressures inside and outside the pipeline. This eliminates the risk of damage to pump and valve seals and pipeline joints caused by huge pressure differences, improving the overall safety of the device in extreme deep-sea environments. Furthermore, compared to the traditional bulky, globally rigid, thick-walled pressure-resistant chamber design, it significantly reduces the size and manufacturing cost of the equipment, overcoming the technical shortcomings of existing devices, such as poor deep-sea pressure stabilization capabilities, bulky structures, and high costs.

[0021] In addition, this device can periodically deliver food to the observation chamber through a feeding system. Combined with the observation network composed of deep-sea cameras and sensors, it can stably maintain the normal vital signs of the observed organisms for a long period of time, further ensuring the authenticity and reliability of the in-situ observation data and meeting the needs of long-term in-situ observation of deep-sea benthic ecology. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hoisting and diving phase of a deep-sea submersible observation device based on bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange for dissolved oxygen compensation, as described in this invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the landing and in-situ observation stages of a deep-sea submerged observation device based on bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange for dissolved oxygen compensation, as described in this invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the observation unit described in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the observation unit described in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the power and chemical unit described in this invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the feeding system described in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the feeding system described in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pusher block and slide rail connection structure of the feeding system described in this invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the calcium peroxide chemical reaction apparatus described in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the calcium peroxide chemical reaction apparatus described in this invention. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the screen barrel and the screen cover according to the present invention; Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cyclone sand separator described in this invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cyclone sand separator described in this invention.

[0023] In the picture: 1-Observation unit, 101-Observation chamber, 102-Observation chamber cover, 103-Feeding system, 10301-Storage bin cover, 10302-Upper part of storage bin, 10303-Crank, 10304-Connecting rod, 10305-Push block fixing rod, 10306-Lower part of storage bin, 10307-Push block, 10308-Lower side cover of storage bin, 10309-Slide rail, 104-Deep-sea drive motor, 105-Motor fixing component, 106-Circulation hose, 107-Deep-sea camera holder, 108-Holder fixing component, 109 -Deep-sea camera, 110-Storage bin support, 111-Sediment embedded steel skirt, 112-Observation box lifting ring, 113-Membrane module, 11301-Membrane module frame, 11302-PTFE pipe, 114-PVC pipe through-plate connector, 115-PVC pipe, 116-PVC pipe union connector, 117-Sensor mounting pipe, 118-Sensor, 119-Sensor fastener, 120-Slider fixing block, 2-Power and chemical unit, 201-Power and chemical chamber, 202-Oil plug, 203-External bladder through-plate quick connector, 2 04-External bladder fixing component, 205-External bladder, 206-External bladder placement container, 207-Circulation hose quick-connect fitting, 208-Power and chemical compartment cover, 209-Energy storage support component, 210-Dual-head accumulator, 211-Dual-head accumulator fixing frame, 212-Reactor support component, 213-Calcium peroxide chemical reaction device, 21301-Reactor cover, 21302-Reactor quick-connect fitting, 21303-Reactor, 21304-Screen cover, 21305-Calcium peroxide slow-release granules, 21306-Screen 214-Circulation pump, 215-Cyclone desander support, 216-Cyclone desander, 21601-Cyclone desander body, 21602-Cyclone desander quick connector, 217-Controller and mounting box, 218-Power supply and mounting box, 3-Robotic arm, 4-ROV submersible, 5-Sea level, 6-Seabed sediment layer, 7-Fixed lifting system, 701-Fixed frame, 702-Hanging ring, 703-Trapezoidal screw, 704-Power and chemical unit mounting components, 705-Slider, 8-Rope, 9-Observation organism, 10-Food. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0025] See Figure 1-13This embodiment describes a deep-sea submerged observation device for dissolved oxygen compensation based on bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange. It includes an observation unit 1, a power and chemical unit 2, and a fixed lifting system 7. The observation unit 1 comprises an observation chamber 101, an observation chamber cover 102, a membrane module 113, and a circulation hose 106. The observation chamber cover 102 and the observation chamber 101 cooperate to form an observation cavity. The membrane module 113 is disposed on the bottom surface of the observation chamber cover 102. The membrane module 113 includes a membrane module frame 11301 and a PTFE tube 11302 fixed to the membrane module frame 11301 in a spiral configuration. The PTFE tube 11302 is a microporous hose for achieving bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange. The circulation hose 106 is connected to the PTFE tube 11302 of the membrane module 113 after being connected to a quick-connect fitting on the observation chamber cover 102. The circulation hose 106 is a dense silicone rubber hose and has virtually no gas exchange capacity. The power and chemistry unit 2 is installed on the front panel of the observation chamber 101 via the power and chemistry unit mounting component 704. The power and chemistry unit 2 includes a power and chemistry chamber 201, a circulation pump 214, a calcium peroxide chemical reaction device 213, and a dual-head accumulator 210. The circulation pump 214 is located on the bottom end face of the power and chemistry chamber 201. The calcium peroxide chemical reaction device 213 is fixed to one end face of the cover of the power and chemistry chamber 201 via the reactor support component 212. The dual-head accumulator 210 is located inside the dual-head accumulator fixing frame 211. The dual-head accumulator fixing frame 211 is fixed to the cover of the power and chemistry chamber 201 via the energy storage support component 209. The circulation pump 214, the calcium peroxide chemical reaction device 213, the dual-head accumulator 210, and the circulation hose 106 are sequentially connected to form a high-oxygen water circulation loop to achieve dissolved oxygen compensation for the observation chamber 101. The fixed lifting system 7 is connected to the observation unit 1 and is used to drive the observation unit 1 to press down vertically and integrate the devices into one unit.

[0026] The observation unit 1 also includes a feeding system 103 and an observation system. The feeding system 103 is mounted on the observation chamber cover 102 via a storage hopper support 110. One end of the storage hopper support 110 is fixedly connected to the observation chamber cover 102, and the other end is fixedly connected to the lower part 10306 of the storage hopper of the feeding system 103. The feeding system 103 includes a storage bin cover 10301, a storage bin upper part 10302, a crank 10303, a connecting rod 10304, a pusher block fixing rod 10305, a storage bin lower part 10306, a pusher block 10307, ​​a storage bin lower side cover 10308, and a slide rail 10309. The storage bin cover 10301 is threaded to the storage bin upper part 10302, and the storage bin upper part 10302 is bolted to the storage bin lower part 10306 to form a sealed cavity. The storage bin lower side cover 10308 is located at the storage bin lower part 10306. 06 is bolted to one side. The slide rail 10309 is located inside the lower part 10306 of the storage bin. The trapezoidal slide at the bottom of the pusher block 10307 and the slide rail 10309 together form a moving pair. The pusher block 10307 is fixedly connected to the pusher block connecting rod 10305. The pusher block connecting rod 10305 is bolted to the crank 10303 through the connecting rod 10304. The crank 10303, the connecting rod 10304, the pusher block connecting rod 10305, the pusher block 10307 and the slide rail 10309 together form a concentric crank-slider mechanism. The observation unit 1 is also equipped with a deep-sea drive motor 104 and a motor fixing component 105. The deep-sea drive motor 104 is fixedly connected to the feeding system 103 through the motor fixing component 105. The deep-sea drive motor 104 provides power for the rotation of the crank 10303. A square through hole is opened in the middle of the pusher block 10307 for pushing the bait 10 into the PVC pipe 115.

[0027] The observation system includes a deep-sea camera 109 and a sensor 118, which together form an observation network. The deep-sea camera 109 is oriented and fixed by a deep-sea camera holder 107. The deep-sea camera holder 107 is bolted to a holder fixing component 108, which is mounted on the front and rear panels of the observation cabin 101 and the observation cabin cover 102. The sensor 118 is mounted on a sensor mounting tube 117 via a sensor fixing component 119. Sediment embedding steel skirts 111 are provided around the bottom of the observation cabin 101. Two observation box lifting rings 112 are symmetrically fixed on the upper surface of the observation cabin cover 102. Sliding block fixing blocks 120 are provided on the left and right sides of the observation cabin 101. The observation unit 1 also includes a PVC pipe through-plate connector 114, a PVC pipe 115, and a PVC pipe union connector 116. The PVC pipe through-plate connector 114 is located on the end face of the observation chamber cover 102. The PVC pipe union connector 116 connects the lower part 10306 of the storage silo to the PVC pipe 115. The end of the PVC pipe 115 away from the PVC pipe union connector 116 is connected to the PVC pipe through-plate connector 114.

[0028] The calcium peroxide chemical reaction device 213 includes a reactor cover 21301, a reactor through-plate quick connector 21302, a reactor 21303, a screen cover 21304, calcium peroxide slow-release granules 21305, and a screen barrel 21306. The calcium peroxide slow-release granules 21305 mainly consist of calcium peroxide and paraffin wax, which are mixed in a certain proportion to form spherical granules. The calcium peroxide slow-release granules 21305 are placed inside the screen barrel 21306. The screen cover 21304 is bolted to the screen barrel 21306. The screen barrel 21306 is installed in the reactor 21303 and is fixed to the reactor cover 21301. The reactor through-plate quick connector 21302 is respectively located at the bottom of the reactor cover 21301 and the reactor 21303. The power and chemical unit 2 also includes a cyclone desander 216, which is fixed to one end face of the cover of the power and chemical compartment 201 by a cyclone desander support 215. The cyclone desander 216 includes a cyclone desander body 21601 and quick-connect cyclone desander connectors 21602 installed on the upper end face and side inlet of the cyclone desander body 21601, respectively. The cyclone desander 216 is connected to the inlet of the circulating pump 214.

[0029] The power and chemical unit 2 also includes an external pressure stabilization unit, which includes an external bladder through-plate quick connector 203, an external bladder fixing component 204, an external bladder 205, and an external bladder placement container 206. The external bladder 205 is disposed inside the external bladder placement container 206 and is fixed to one side of the outer end face of the power and chemical compartment 201 by the external bladder fixing component 204. The external bladder through-plate quick connector 203 is disposed on the outer end face of the hatch of the power and chemical compartment 201 and is connected to the external bladder 205. The power and chemical compartment 201 is equipped with a power and chemical compartment cover 208. The power and chemical compartment 201 and the power and chemical compartment cover 208 are bolted together and have sealing protection measures. An oil plug 202 is provided on the outer end face of the cover of the power and chemical compartment 201 for injecting high-pressure silicone oil to protect electronic devices. The lower end face of the inside of the power and chemical compartment 201 is equipped with a controller and mounting box 217 and a power supply and mounting box 218. The cover of the power and chemical compartment 201 is also equipped with a circulation hose through-plate quick connector 207 that is connected to the circulation hose 106.

[0030] The fixed lifting system 7 includes a fixed frame 701, a lifting ring 702, a trapezoidal screw 703, a power and chemical unit mounting component 704, and a slider 705. The trapezoidal screw 703 is located on the left and right sides of the fixed frame 701. The slider 705 is fixedly connected to the slider fixing block 120 and forms a sliding pair with the trapezoidal screw 703. The trapezoidal screw 703 is in a self-locking state when the power is off. The lifting ring 702 is symmetrically arranged on the upper support structure of the fixed frame 701. The bottom of the fixed frame 701 is welded with support feet to ensure that the entire device is stably lowered onto the sediment surface.

[0031] When in use, the device first enters the hoisting and descent phase. The ROV submersible 4 is equipped with a multi-axis robotic arm 3, with a hook as the end effector. One end of the rope 8 is connected to the lifting ring 702, and the other end is connected to the end effector of the robotic arm 3. At this time, the trapezoidal screw 703 is in a power-off self-locking state, and the fixed lifting system 7 is fixedly connected to the observation unit 1. The ROV submersible 4 hoists the observation device from the sea surface 5 to the seabed sediment layer 6. After landing, the device enters the landing and pressing phase. The bottom support feet of the fixed frame 701 smoothly land on the seabed sediment layer 6. The deep-sea stepper motor on the trapezoidal screw 703 operates, driving the slider 705 downwards, which in turn drives the observation chamber 101 downwards. The sediment around the bottom of the observation chamber 101 embeds into the steel skirt 111 and inserts into the seabed sediment layer 6 until a sealed observation space is formed, at which point the motor stops moving.

[0032] The device then enters the in-situ observation phase. The circulation system is started, and the output of the circulation pump 214 pumps high-oxygen water to the calcium peroxide chemical reaction device 213. The calcium peroxide slow-release particles 21305 react with water at a preset rate to generate oxygen and calcium hydroxide solution. The oxygen flows in the circulation pipeline in the form of dissolved oxygen under the high pressure environment of the deep sea. The structure composed of the screen cover 21304 and the screen bucket 21306 can prevent the calcium peroxide slow-release particles 21305 from being flushed into the circulation system and causing blockage. After flowing out of the calcium peroxide chemical reaction device 213, the hyperoxygenated water enters the dual-head accumulator 210. The dual-head accumulator 210 is a flexible bladder filled with hyperoxygenated water, which can balance the internal and external pressure and replenish the hyperoxygenated water in the pipeline. The hyperoxygenated water then flows into the PTFE tube 11302 of the membrane module 113 through the circulation hose quick-connect joint 207 and circulation hose 106. The PTFE tube 11302 is a hydrophobic microporous tube. The dissolved oxygen in the hyperoxygenated water in the circulation system enters the hypooxygenated water in the observation chamber 101 along the concentration gradient, realizing bubble-free and low-disturbance dissolved oxygen compensation. The carbon dioxide produced by the observed organism 9 in the observation chamber 101 enters the interior of the PTFE tube 11302 along the concentration gradient and is absorbed by the circulating calcium hydroxide solution, avoiding acidification of the water in the observation chamber 101. Carbon dioxide reacts with calcium hydroxide solution to generate calcium carbonate particles, which flow back to the power and chemical unit 2 with the circulating water through the quick-connect joint 207 of the circulating hose. They then flow into the hydrocyclone 216 from the side quick-connect joint 21602. The hydrocyclone 21601 uses the centrifugal force of the fluid cyclone to throw the denser calcium carbonate particles against the wall and collect them. The circulating water with the particles removed is discharged through the top quick-connect joint 21602 and flows back into the inlet of the circulating pump 214 to complete the cycle of the circulating system and avoid blockage of the pipeline and membrane module 113.

[0033] During operation, bait 10 is periodically delivered via the feeding system 103. The upper part 10302 of the storage bin is pre-filled with bait 10. When the deep-sea drive motor 104 is not operating, the pusher block 10307 blocks the square funnel below the upper part 10302 of the storage bin, preventing bait 10 delivery. When the deep-sea drive motor 104 is operating, the crank-slider mechanism moves the pusher block 10307, ​​aligning its square through-hole with the square funnel. The bait 10 then sequentially passes through the PVC pipe union 116, PVC pipe 115, and PVC pipe through-plate connector 114 into the observation chamber 101, achieving periodic delivery of bait 10. The deep-sea camera 109 and sensor 118 synchronously collect observation data and transmit it to the controller and mounting box 217 for storage. The power supply and mounting box 218 provide power to all electronic components, and all wiring and cable penetration points are protected by sealed measures.

[0034] When the device operates in the deep sea, it adopts a passive pressure stabilization measure with the same internal and external pressure. The external bladder 205 of the external pressure stabilization unit is filled with silicone oil, and the power and chemical chamber 201 is also filled with silicone oil. When the seawater environmental pressure changes, the external bladder 205 undergoes elastic deformation. The change in volume leads to a change in internal pressure, which in turn causes the dual-head accumulator 210 to deform synchronously. This ensures that the pressure of the circulation pipeline is consistent with the external marine environmental pressure, keeps the pressure of the entire observation device in balance with the external environmental pressure, and avoids damage to the pipeline system or seals due to pressure difference.

[0035] The specific embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. A deep-sea subsea observation device based on dissolved oxygen compensation using bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange, characterized in that: It includes an observation unit (1), a power and chemistry unit (2), and a fixed lifting system (7). The observation unit (1) includes an observation chamber (101), a membrane module (113) disposed on the bottom surface of the cover of the observation chamber (101), and a circulation hose (106) connected to the membrane module (113). The membrane module (113) includes a membrane module frame (11301) and a PTFE tube (11302) fixed on the membrane module frame (11301) in a spiral configuration. The PTFE tube (11302) is a microporous hose for realizing bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange. The power and chemistry unit (2) is connected to the power and chemistry unit mounting component (704). Located at the front panel of the observation cabin (101), the power and chemical unit (2) includes a power and chemical cabin (201), a circulation pump (214), a calcium peroxide chemical reaction device (213), and a dual-head accumulator (210) installed in the power and chemical cabin (201). The circulation pump (214), the calcium peroxide chemical reaction device (213), the dual-head accumulator (210), and the circulation hose (106) are connected in sequence to form a high-oxygen water circulation loop to achieve dissolved oxygen compensation for the observation cabin (101). The fixed lifting system (7) is connected to the observation unit (1) and is used to drive the observation unit (1) to press down vertically and integrate the devices into one unit.

2. The deep-sea subsea observation device based on bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange for dissolved oxygen compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The observation unit (1) also includes a feeding system (103) and an observation system. The feeding system (103) is installed on the hatch cover of the observation cabin (101) via a storage bin support (110). The observation system includes a deep-sea camera (109) and a sensor (118). The deep-sea camera (109) and the sensor (118) together form an observation network.

3. The deep-sea subsea observation device based on bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange for dissolved oxygen compensation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding system (103) includes a storage bin cover (10301), an upper storage bin (10302), a crank (10303), a connecting rod (10304), a pusher block fixing rod (10305), a lower storage bin (10306), a pusher block (10307), a lower storage bin side cover (10308), and a slide rail (10309). The storage bin cover (10301) is threadedly connected to the upper storage bin (10302), and the upper storage bin (10302) is connected to the lower storage bin (10306). The storage bin is bolted together to form a sealed cavity. The lower part (10306) of the storage bin is provided with a lower side cover (10308). The slide rail (10309) is located inside the lower part (10306) of the storage bin. The pusher block (10307) and the slide rail (10309) form a sliding pair. The pusher block (10307) is connected to the pusher block connecting rod (10305). The pusher block connecting rod (10305) is bolted to the crank (10303) through the connecting rod (10304) to form a concentric crank-slider mechanism.

4. The deep-sea subsea observation device based on bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange for dissolved oxygen compensation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The deep-sea camera (109) is oriented by a deep-sea camera holder (107), which is bolted to a holder fastener (108). The holder fastener (108) is installed on the front and rear panels and the hatch of the observation cabin (101). The sensor (118) is installed on the sensor mounting tube (117) by a sensor fastener (119).

5. The deep-sea subsea observation device based on bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange for dissolved oxygen compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the observation chamber (101) is provided with a sediment embedded steel skirt (111). Two observation box lifting rings (112) are symmetrically arranged on the hatch of the observation chamber (101). Sliding block fixing blocks (120) are arranged on the left and right sides of the observation chamber (101). The fixed lifting system (7) includes a fixed frame (701), lifting rings (702), trapezoidal screws (703) and sliders (705). The trapezoidal screws (703) are arranged on the left and right sides of the fixed frame (701). The sliders (705) are connected to the slider fixing blocks (120). The sliders (705) and the trapezoidal screws (703) form a sliding pair. The lifting rings (702) are symmetrically arranged on the upper support structure of the fixed frame (701). Support feet are welded to the bottom of the fixed frame (701).

6. The deep-sea subsea observation device based on bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange for dissolved oxygen compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calcium peroxide chemical reaction device (213) includes a reactor cover (21301), a reactor through-plate quick connector (21302), a reactor (21303), a screen cover (21304), calcium peroxide slow-release granules (21305), and a screen bucket (21306). The calcium peroxide slow-release granules (21305) are placed inside the screen bucket (21306). The screen cover (21304) is bolted to the screen bucket (21306). The screen bucket (21306) is installed in the reactor (21303) and connected to the reactor cover (21301). The reactor through-plate quick connector (21302) is respectively placed at the bottom of the reactor cover (21301) and the reactor (21303). The calcium peroxide chemical reaction device (213) is fixed to one end face of the cover of the power and chemical chamber (201) by a reactor support (212).

7. The deep-sea subsea observation device based on bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange for dissolved oxygen compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power and chemical unit (2) also includes a cyclone separator (216), which is fixed to one side end face of the cover of the power and chemical chamber (201) by a cyclone separator support (215). The cyclone separator (216) includes a cyclone separator body (21601) and cyclone separator quick connectors (21602) installed on the upper end face and side inlet of the cyclone separator body (21601). The cyclone separator (216) is connected to the inlet of the circulating pump (214).

8. The deep-sea subsea observation device based on bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange for dissolved oxygen compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power and chemical unit (2) also includes an external pressure stabilizing unit, which includes an external bladder through-plate quick connector (203), an external bladder fixing component (204), an external bladder (205), and an external bladder placement bucket (206). The external bladder (205) is located inside the external bladder placement bucket (206) and is fixed to one side of the outer end face of the power and chemical chamber (201) by the external bladder fixing component (204). The external bladder through-plate quick connector (203) is located on the outer end face of the hatch cover of the power and chemical chamber (201) and connected to the external bladder (205). The dual-head accumulator (210) is located inside the dual-head accumulator fixing frame (211), and the dual-head accumulator fixing frame (211) is connected to the hatch cover of the power and chemical chamber (201) by the energy storage support component (209).

9. A deep-sea benthic observation device based on bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange for dissolved oxygen compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power and chemical compartment (201) is equipped with a power and chemical compartment cover (208). An oil plug (202) is provided on the outer end face of the cover of the power and chemical compartment (201). A controller and installation box (217) and a power supply and installation box (218) are provided on the lower end face of the interior of the power and chemical compartment (201). A quick-connect fitting (207) for the circulation hose (106) is also provided on the cover of the power and chemical compartment (201).

10. A deep-sea submerged observation device for dissolved oxygen compensation based on bidirectional concentration gradient gas exchange according to claim 3, characterized in that: The observation unit (1) also includes an observation cabin cover (102), a PVC pipe through-plate connector (114), a PVC pipe (115), a PVC pipe union connector (116), a deep-sea drive motor (104), and a motor fixing component (105). The observation cabin cover (102) and the observation cabin (101) cooperate to form an observation cavity. The PVC pipe through-plate connector (114) is located on the end face of the observation cabin cover (102). The PVC pipe union connector (116) connects the lower part (10306) of the storage bin to the PVC pipe (115). The end of the PVC pipe (115) away from the PVC pipe union connector (116) is connected to the PVC pipe through-plate connector (114). The deep-sea drive motor (104) is connected to the feeding system (103) through the motor fixing component (105). The deep-sea drive motor (104) provides power for the rotation of the crank (10303).

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