Mountain glacier displacement monitoring system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of glacier monitoring technology, specifically to a mountain glacier displacement monitoring system. The mountain glacier displacement monitoring system includes a drone body, a positioning module, a mounting module, a data control platform, and at least one monitoring probe. The drone body, positioning module, mounting module, and monitoring probe are all electrically connected to the data control platform. The positioning module is connected to the drone body. The mounting module is used for deploying or retrieving the monitoring probe. This mountain glacier displacement monitoring system has strong environmental adaptability and enables probe retrieval, thereby reducing deployment and usage costs and operational risks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of glacier monitoring technology, and more specifically, to a mountain glacier displacement monitoring system. Background Technology

[0002] Mountain glaciers serve as sensitive indicators of climate change, and monitoring their dynamic changes (such as ablation rates and movement trajectories) is crucial for climate research and disaster early warning. To study these glaciers, comprehensive observation and research are currently being conducted using methods such as deploying mass balance and GNSS observation equipment on the glaciers. Installing equipment on the ice requires observers to travel to the glacier to be observed, which has the advantage of allowing for precise installation at the target location, improving observation accuracy. However, this requires observers to travel to the harsh natural environment and fractured glaciers for on-site installation, consuming significant time and costs, and also posing safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a mountain glacier displacement monitoring system that can improve environmental adaptability and enable probe retrieval, thereby reducing deployment and usage costs and operational risks.

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows: This invention provides a mountain glacier displacement monitoring system, which includes a drone body, a positioning module, a mounting module, a data control platform, and at least one monitoring probe. The main body of the drone, the positioning module, the mounting module, and the monitoring probe are all electrically connected to the data control platform; the positioning module is connected to the main body of the drone. The mounting module is used to deploy or retrieve monitoring probes.

[0005] In an optional implementation, the monitoring probe includes a probe body, a drill tip, and multiple tail fins; A displacement sensor is installed inside the probe body; the drill tip is located at the front of the probe body, and a buffer layer is provided at the connection between the drill tip and the probe body; multiple tail fins are arranged around the axis of the probe body at the tail of the probe body.

[0006] In an optional embodiment, the monitoring probe further includes at least three telescopic support units; an angle sensor is also provided inside the probe body; all three telescopic support units are disposed at the tail of the probe body, and the telescopic support units are connected to the probe body, or each telescopic support unit is connected to a tail fin.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, the drill bit tip is hollow and has a heating component inside; the probe body is also connected to a temperature sensor, a water immersion sensor and a solar panel, which are spaced apart from the front end to the rear end of the probe body.

[0008] In an optional implementation, the mounting module includes at least one electromagnetic adsorption unit for magnetically adsorbing one or more monitoring probes.

[0009] In an optional implementation, the mounting module includes a deployment unit and a recovery unit, one of which is connected to the main body of the drone. The delivery unit is used to deliver the monitoring probe, and the recovery unit is used to adsorb and recover the monitoring probe.

[0010] In an optional implementation, the dispensing unit includes a dispensing body and at least one limiting mechanism; The deployment unit is equipped with at least one mounting position, and each mounting position is equipped with a corresponding limit mechanism; The top of the monitoring probe is equipped with a mounting part for insertion into the mounting position; a limiting mechanism is used to engage with the mounting part inserted into the mounting position.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, a slot is provided on the outer periphery of the mounting part; the limiting mechanism includes a locking block, a return spring, and a movable component; The card block is movably connected to the delivery body and has a mounting position and a release position; when the card block is in the mounting position, the card block engages with the card slot of the mounting part; when the card block is in the release position, the card block disengages from the card slot of the mounting part. The return spring is connected to the locking block and is used to give the locking block a tendency to move from the release position to the mounting position; the movable part is used to drive the locking block to move from the mounting position to the release position.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the recycling unit includes an electromagnetic chuck and a strong magnetic block connected to the top of the mounting section.

[0013] In an optional implementation, the mountain glacier displacement monitoring system also includes a mounting frame connected to the lower part of the UAV body, with either the deployment unit or the recovery unit connected to the mounting frame. The positioning module is connected to the mounting bracket.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the mountain glacier displacement monitoring system provided in this embodiment of the invention include: This mountain glacier displacement monitoring system includes a drone body, a positioning module, a mounting module, a data control platform, and at least one monitoring probe. The drone body, positioning module, mounting module, and monitoring probe are all electrically connected to the data control platform. The positioning module is connected to the drone body. The mounting module is used for deploying or retrieving the monitoring probe. This mountain glacier displacement monitoring system has strong environmental adaptability and can achieve probe retrieval, thereby reducing deployment and usage costs and operational risks. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mountain glacier displacement monitoring system provided in this embodiment when equipped with the deployment unit; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mountain glacier displacement monitoring system provided in this embodiment when equipped with a recovery unit; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring probe provided in this embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the delivery entity provided in this embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting position provided in this embodiment.

[0017] Icons: 100-Mountain Glacier Displacement Monitoring System; 110-UAV Main Body; 120-Positioning Module; 130-Mounting Module; 140-Mounting Frame; 150-Monitoring Probe; 151-Probe Main Body; 152-Drill Bit Tip; 153-Tail Fold; 154-Displacement Sensor; 155-Buffer Layer; 156-Telescopic Support Unit; 157-Tilt Sensor; 158-Heating Component; 159-Temperature Sensor; 161-Water Immersion Sensor; 162-Solar Panel; 131-Deployment Unit; 132-Recovery Unit; 133-Deployment Main Body; 134-Limiting Mechanism; 135-Mounting Position; 164-Mounting Part; 165-Slot; 136-Card Block; 137-Reset Spring; 138-Electromagnetic Chuck. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0019] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0020] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," or "outer" are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed, they are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0024] Mountain glaciers serve as sensitive indicators of climate change, and monitoring their dynamic changes (such as ablation rates and movement trajectories) is crucial for climate research and disaster early warning. To study these glaciers, comprehensive observation and research are currently being conducted using methods such as deploying mass balance and GNSS observation equipment on the glaciers. Installing equipment on the ice requires observers to travel to the glacier to be observed, which has the advantage of allowing for precise installation at the target location, improving observation accuracy. However, this requires observers to travel to the harsh natural environment and fractured glaciers for on-site installation, consuming significant time and costs, and also posing safety risks.

[0025] The inventors discovered through research that if the glacier monitoring system is deployed using drones in free fall, there is a problem of difficulty in recovery, which leads to the inability to effectively recover the system after deployment and waste of resources.

[0026] For the reasons mentioned above, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides a mountain glacier displacement monitoring system 100, which includes a drone body 110, a positioning module 120, a mounting module 130, a data control platform, and at least one monitoring probe 150. The UAV body 110, positioning module 120, mounting module 130, and monitoring probe 150 are all electrically connected to the data control platform; the positioning module 120 is connected to the UAV body 110. The mounting module 130 is used to deploy or retrieve the monitoring probe 150.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The working principle of this mountain glacier displacement monitoring system 100 is as follows: The mountain glacier displacement monitoring system 100 includes a drone body 110, a positioning module 120, a mounting module 130, a data control platform, and at least one monitoring probe 150. The drone body 110, positioning module 120, mounting module 130, and monitoring probe 150 are all electrically connected to the data control platform. Thus, the data control platform can receive operational data from the drone body 110, position data from the positioning module 120, and status data from the mounting module 130, thereby remotely controlling the operation of the drone body 110 to fly to a predetermined altitude and controlling the status of the mounting module 130, thereby enabling the deployment or retrieval of one or more monitoring probes 150. Once the monitoring probe 150 is deployed to the predetermined location, it can monitor the displacement of the mountain glacier. Therefore, the mountain glacier displacement monitoring system 100, through the mounting module 130, can deploy or retrieve the monitoring probe 150. This allows for deployment via drones, improving the deployment of probes in different or harsh environments. Simultaneously, the probes can be retrieved by drones at predetermined points and released to a retrieval station. This method allows for both deployment and retrieval of the monitoring probe 150 via drones, enhancing the environmental adaptability of the mountain glacier displacement monitoring system 100, reducing deployment and usage costs, and minimizing operational risks.

[0028] It should be noted that the data control platform is electrically connected to the UAV body 110, positioning module 120, mounting module 130, and monitoring probe 150, and receives relevant data from them. It can also control the UAV based on the data and operational requirements. Specifically, the data control platform includes the following functions: Data reception and storage: Real-time reception of displacement and positioning data transmitted by the 150 monitoring probe to establish a dynamic database of glaciers (storing ≥1 year of historical data); Status warning: Automatically push warning information to staff when the displacement data monitored by the probe exceeds the threshold or when data transmission is interrupted; Recovery navigation: Guide the drone to hover precisely at the recovery location through probe positioning data, improving recovery efficiency.

[0029] The positioning module 120 uses laser positioning, which can scan the glacier surface in real time and identify deployment points with "no ice cracks and a slope of ≤30°", with a positioning accuracy of ±0.3m, thus preventing the probe from falling into dangerous areas. Based on the above, please refer to Figures 1-3 In this embodiment, when the monitoring probe 150 is configured, its function is to penetrate into the glacier to a predetermined depth by means of deployment, so as to move synchronously with the glacier and thus realize the monitoring of the glacier displacement. Moreover, the monitoring probe 150 includes a probe body 151, a drill tip 152 and multiple tail fins 153. A displacement sensor 154 is provided inside the probe body 151; a drill tip 152 is provided at the front of the probe body 151, and a buffer layer 155 is provided at the connection between the drill tip 152 and the probe body 151; a plurality of tail fins 153 are arranged around the axis of the probe body 151 at the tail of the probe body 151.

[0030] With the above-described structural design, the drill tip 152 can penetrate the glacier during deployment to reach the predetermined depth. The buffer layer 155 provides shock absorption, preventing damage to the probe body 151 and its internal structures or devices due to contact impact between the tip and the glacier during deployment. The tail fin 153 adjusts the attitude of the monitoring probe 150 during deployment, ensuring that the drill tip 152 always points downward, thereby improving the success rate of deployment.

[0031] In addition to the above, the inventors have also discovered through research that existing probes lack a support system. Especially since glaciers, due to their own melting and meltwater erosion, have uneven surfaces, the probes suffer from poor support and stability, making them prone to tilting. Therefore, please refer to... Figures 1-3The monitoring probe 150 provided in this embodiment also includes at least three telescopic support units 156; an tilt sensor 157 is also provided inside the probe body 151; the three telescopic support units 156 are all disposed at the tail of the probe body 151, and the telescopic support units 156 are connected to the probe body 151, or each telescopic support unit 156 is connected to a tail fin 153.

[0032] The tilt sensor 157 can detect the tilt state of the probe body 151, and by controlling one or more of the multiple telescopic support units 156, the state of the probe body can be adjusted, thereby optimizing the support stability of the body and ensuring the continuous and safe operation of the system. Moreover, the telescopic support unit 156 can be connected to the probe body 151 or to the tail fin 153. In this embodiment, it is connected to the tail fin 153.

[0033] In addition to the above, the inventors also discovered through research that if the glacier monitoring system uses unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for free-fall deployment, there is a problem with insufficient probe penetration depth. Specifically, during deployment, the probe relies on gravity to penetrate the ice layer, reaching a depth of only 5-8 cm. However, the average daily melting rate of mountain glaciers during periods of high melting is 3-6 cm, meaning the probe can be completely melted out within 1-3 days. Based on this, please refer to... Figures 1-3 In this embodiment, the drill tip 152 is hollowed out and a heating component 158 ​​is installed inside it; the probe body 151 is also connected to a temperature sensor 159, a water immersion sensor 161 and a solar panel 162, which are spaced apart from the front end to the rear end of the probe body 151.

[0034] In this way, the drill tip 152 can be heated by the heating component 158, causing the ice on its exterior to melt, thereby allowing the monitoring probe 150 to penetrate deeper and meet the requirements for monitoring stability during the strong ablation period. Furthermore, in addition to the heating component 158, a temperature sensor 159 is also installed inside. When the temperature sensor 159 fluctuates significantly, it indicates that the monitoring probe 150 is less than 10cm deep inside the glacier and is showing signs of melting. The heating component 158 ​​is then powered on to drill again, ensuring that the penetration depth remains within the range of 10-40cm. This allows for long-term temperature monitoring and prevents overheating. Additionally, a water immersion sensor 161 detects meltwater around the probe body 151. When the water immersion sensor 161 detects the presence of liquid water, the heating component 158 ​​is stopped, ending the drilling process. To further enhance its operating range, a solar panel 162 is connected to the probe body 151. This converts solar energy into electrical energy, improving the operating range of the monitoring probe 150 and meeting the long-term power needs of its internal components.

[0035] It should be noted that the heating component 158 ​​enables secondary drilling after the monitoring probe 150 is deployed. With an initial penetration depth of 5-8cm, the maximum penetration depth into the ice layer can be increased to 40cm, overcoming the limitation of short-term melting during periods of strong ablation. During periods of strong ablation, the melting depth can be dynamically compensated, enabling long-term deployment for more than 3 months. Furthermore, when the maximum depth reaches 40cm, the temperature sensor 159 is installed approximately 10cm from the drill bit tip 152. The temperature sensor 159 has a measurement range of -40℃ to 40℃ and an accuracy of ±0.2℃. The heating component 158 ​​and the temperature sensor 159 are linked through a controller within the monitoring probe 150. The heating component 158 ​​can be a heating wire or a heating plate, etc. The water immersion sensor 161 is located on the probe body 151 above the drill bit tip 152.

[0036] As described above, the mounting module 130 is configured to deploy or retrieve the monitoring probe 150. Therefore, the mounting module 130 can include at least one electromagnetic adsorption unit, which magnetically adsorbs one or more monitoring probes 150. That is, the electromagnetic adsorption unit can generate a magnetic adsorption force, thereby adsorbing or releasing the monitoring probe 150. Furthermore, by controlling the electromagnetic adsorption unit, it can maintain its adsorption force during deployment to a predetermined location. Upon arrival at the predetermined location, the adsorption force can be reduced or eliminated by controlling the electromagnetic adsorption unit, thus completing the deployment of the monitoring probe 150. During retrieval, the principle of controlling the electromagnetic adsorption unit is roughly the same, but the control logic is reversed. When the probe moves to a suitable height at the predetermined location for retrieval, the electromagnetic adsorption unit is controlled to generate an adsorption force, thereby adsorbing the deployed probe. Then, upon reaching the retrieval station, the adsorption force is eliminated or reduced to release the retrieved monitoring probe 150. This improves the utilization rate of the monitoring probe 150 and reduces its operating costs.

[0037] Unlike the setup method of the mounting module 130 described above, please refer to... Figures 1-5 The mounting module 130 may also include a deployment unit 131 and a recovery unit 132, with one of the deployment unit 131 and the recovery unit 132 being connected to the main body of the UAV 110; wherein, the deployment unit 131 is used to deploy the monitoring probe 150, and the recovery unit 132 is used to adsorb and recover the monitoring probe 150.

[0038] That is, by selectively connecting the deployment unit 131 and the recovery unit 132 to the main body of the drone 110, the monitoring probe 150 of the system can complete the deployment work through the deployment unit 131, and the recovery work can be completed through the recovery unit 132. Moreover, only one of the deployment unit 131 and the recovery unit 132 is connected to the main body of the drone 110 to work, so that the deployment and recovery work are set up and completed in modules.

[0039] Based on the modular setup of the system's deployment and retrieval operations, when configuring the deployment unit 131, the deployment unit 131 includes a deployment body 133 and at least one limiting mechanism 134; the deployment body 133 is configured with at least one mounting position 135, and each mounting position 135 is correspondingly provided with a limiting mechanism 134; the top of the monitoring probe 150 is configured with a mounting part 164, which is used to be inserted into the mounting position 135; the limiting mechanism 134 is used to engage with the mounting part 164 inserted into the mounting position 135.

[0040] That is, through the above-mentioned structural configuration, a corresponding number of mounting positions 135 and limiting mechanisms 134 can be configured on the deployment body 133 as needed; and through the setting of the limiting mechanism 134, it can engage with the mounting part 164 installed in the mounting position 135, thereby improving the mounting stability of the monitoring probe 150 to adapt to long-distance transportation and meet the mounting requirements in harsh environments; and through the control of the limiting mechanism 134, its mounting and release actions can be controlled.

[0041] Specifically, a slot 165 is provided on the outer periphery of the mounting part 164, and the limiting mechanism 134 includes a locking block 136, a return spring 137, and a movable member; the locking block 136 is movably connected to the delivery body 133 and has a mounting position 135 and a release position; when the locking block 136 is in the mounting position 135, the locking block 136 engages with the slot 165 of the mounting part 164; when the locking block 136 is in the release position, the locking block 136 disengages from the slot 165 of the mounting part 164; the return spring 137 is connected to the locking block 136 and is used to make the locking block 136 tend to move from the release position to the mounting position 135; the movable member is used to drive the locking block 136 to move from the mounting position 135 to the release position.

[0042] With the above-described structure, the movable component can be controlled to drive the locking block 136 to overcome the elastic force of the return spring 137 and move from the mounting position 135 to the release position, thereby releasing the monitoring probe 150. When the driving force of the movable component on the locking block 136 disappears, the locking block 136 can move from the release position to the mounting position 135 under the elastic force of the return spring 137, thereby improving the locking stability of the monitoring probe 150.

[0043] When configuring the recycling unit 132, it includes an electromagnetic chuck 138 and a strong magnetic block connected to the top of the mounting part 164. In this way, the magnetic force generated by the electromagnetic chuck 138 can be controlled by controlling its working state, providing sufficient adsorption force during recycling and transfer to the recycling station to maintain the state of the adsorption monitoring probe 150. This method enables magnetic recycling without manual intervention, achieving remote and efficient recycling through the control of the drone body 110, reducing operational risks.

[0044] Based on the above, in order to facilitate the installation of the delivery unit 131 and the recovery unit 132, the mountain glacier displacement monitoring system 100 also includes a mounting frame 140 connected to the lower part of the UAV body 110, and one of the delivery unit 131 and the recovery unit 132 is connected to the mounting frame 140; and the positioning module 120 is connected to the mounting frame 140.

[0045] In summary, please refer to Figures 1-5The specific structure of the monitoring probe 150 provided in this embodiment is as follows: The monitoring probe 150 is made of lightweight titanium alloy (total weight ≤3kg) and has a length of 80-100cm. The drill tip 152 is a hard alloy drill bit with a diameter slightly larger than that of the probe body 151. It is hollow inside and made of a hard and thermally conductive material. This design allows it to have strong penetration ability when it hits the ice surface, ensuring that the probe body 151 can be inserted into the ice 3-5cm deep. Moreover, the use of a thermally conductive material facilitates the drill bit's heat conduction to melt the ice layer during secondary drilling. A buffer layer 155 is provided between the drill tip 152 and the probe body 151. The buffer layer 155 can be an elastic bladder, and a polymer elastomer is filled in the elastic bladder to mitigate the impact force and prevent damage to the internal structure and components. The hollow drill tip 152 houses a heating element 158, such as a heating wire, with a power of 20W and a heating temperature of 50-80℃. A temperature sensor 159 is installed at the head of the probe body 151, a distance from the drill tip 152. The temperature sensor 159 has a measurement range of -40℃ to 40℃ and an accuracy of ±0.2℃. The heating element 158 ​​and the temperature sensor 159 are linked by a controller. The purpose of this setup is that after the probe 150 initially penetrates the ice, the controller activates the heating element 158 ​​to melt the ice layer, allowing the probe body 151 to drill further into the ice layer, with a maximum total penetration depth of 40cm. Furthermore, when the temperature sensor... When the fluctuation range of the detection value of 159 increases, it indicates that the depth of the monitoring probe 150 inside the glacier is less than 10cm and there is a tendency to melt out. At this time, the heating component 158 ​​can be energized to drill again, ensuring that the penetration depth is always kept in the range of 10-40cm, so as to achieve long-term deployment. Thus, by setting the heating component 158, holes can be drilled on the ice by thermal melting. Meltwater will be generated in the ice hole. When the water immersion sensor 161 detects the presence of liquid water, the heating of the drill bit is stopped and the drilling ends. In order to control the depth of the probe body 151 into the ice layer, the water immersion sensor 161 is installed 40cm above the drill bit tip 152 on the main body. Three sets of foldable tail fins 153 (40cm in diameter when unfolded) are provided at the tail of the probe body 151. The tail fins 153 are integrated with hard drill tips 152 (10cm in length) at their ends. The tail fins 153 are connected to a ring that fits around the probe body 151 and is brittlely connected to the body via an elastic hinge. The tail fins 153 unfold automatically when the probe is deployed. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the end of the monitoring probe 150 that is attached is its tail end, and the end that is inserted into the glacier is its front end. During deployment, its front end faces downward and its tail end faces upward. During the deployment of the monitoring probe 150, i.e. during free fall, its tail fin 153 is able to maintain the vertical attitude of the monitoring probe 150 due to air resistance, so that the impact force is concentrated on the drill tip 152, achieving initial penetration (depth 5-8cm); moreover, the tail fin 153 is brittlely connected to the probe body 151, ensuring that the tail fin 153 will quickly break away from the body due to gravity upon impact, and the drill tip 152 can penetrate the surface of the ice layer, playing a stable supporting role. When configuring the telescopic support unit 156, taking the number corresponding to the three tail fins 153 as an example, three telescopic support units 156 are set up, each telescopic support unit 156 is connected to one tail fin 153, and the telescopic support unit 156 adopts a three-point hydraulic self-leveling scheme connected to the tail fins 153, with the three support legs evenly distributed at 120°, and hydraulic telescopic rods configured at the ends. The support legs are connected to the tail fins 153 by ball joints, which can adapt to changes in the ice surface inclination angle. In this way, even on uneven glacier surfaces, the fixed support formed by the three telescopic support units 156 can provide support. To avoid the monitoring probe 150 tilting and affecting the secondary drilling function and monitoring accuracy, the support mechanism formed by the three telescopic support units 156 adopts a three-point hydraulic self-leveling scheme, which can adjust the balance of the monitoring probe 150 to the greatest extent. Moreover, an inclination sensor 157 is built into the end of the probe body 151 to monitor the attitude of the probe body in real time. When its tilt angle exceeds 3°, the controller in the monitoring probe 150 calculates the compensation required for each support point and drives the corresponding solenoid valve in each telescopic support unit 156 to adjust the hydraulic oil distribution, thereby achieving attitude adjustment. To provide sufficient power to the system, a flexible thin-film solar panel 162 is laid on the outside of the probe body 151 and connected to the internal lithium battery to power the system. To improve the stability of its deployment and retrieval process, the top of the monitoring probe 150 is provided with a slot 165, or an "I"-shaped locking structure can be used, which engages with the slot 136 of the deployment module. In order to cooperate with the retrieval module, a strong magnetic block is provided on the top of the monitoring probe 150, and an external waterproof and insulating shell is encapsulated. When the electromagnetic chuck 138 is powered on, it generates a strong magnetic force, and the electromagnetic chuck 138 is tightly attracted to the strong magnetic block, realizing the retrieval of the probe. Thus, when the UAV body 110 hovers above the monitoring probe 150, the electromagnetic chuck 138 is powered on to generate a magnetic force, attracting and fixing with the strong magnetic block, and the UAV can be started to complete the retrieval.

[0046] In addition, displacement sensors 154 and a Beidou or GPS high-precision positioning system are deployed in the middle of the probe to monitor glacier movement, and the monitored data is uploaded in real time via a LoRa wireless module. Furthermore, the 150 monitoring probe has a sampling frequency of 1 time / 10 minutes, a data transmission delay of ≤10s, and can operate normally in low temperature (-30℃) environments. With the above structural settings, its battery life is ≥3 months.

[0047] Please refer to Figures 1-5 The deployment process of the 100-unit mountain glacier displacement monitoring system is as follows: Staff set the monitoring area on the data control platform, the main body of the drone 110 carrying the monitoring probe 150 took off, and the laser positioning submodule screened safe deployment points; The main body of the drone 110 hovers 10m above the target deployment point, and the locking block 136 of the deployment module is engaged with the slot 165 to firmly fasten the top of the monitoring probe 150; the positioning module 120 confirms that there are no ice cracks and the slope meets the standard. Triggering the deployment phase: The data control platform sends a deployment command, and the moving part drives the card block 136 to overcome the elastic force of the reset spring 137, thereby disengaging from the card slot 165. At this time, the monitoring probe 150 loses its restraint and falls freely from the bottom of the drone body 110. Attitude stabilization phase: During the descent of the monitoring probe 150, the three sets of tail fins 153 at the tail end unfold and maintain a vertical attitude, ensuring that the monitoring probe 150 penetrates the glacier surface with the hard drill bit tip 152 pointing downwards, thus completing the deployment; If the monitoring probe 150 does not penetrate the glacier to a sufficient depth, it can be drilled a second time. Specifically, the heating component 158 ​​is activated, and the probe body 151 drills to 40cm and is then fixed. Then, the various sensors inside the monitoring probe 150 are activated, collecting data in real time and uploading it to the data control platform.

[0048] Please refer to Figures 1-5 The recovery process of this mountain glacier displacement monitoring system 100 follows the logical steps of navigation and positioning, electromagnetic adsorption, precise connection, and lifting recovery. It utilizes magnetic force and positioning structures to achieve efficient recovery. The specific recovery workflow is as follows: After the monitoring task is completed, the staff sends a retrieval command through the data control platform, and the positioning module 120 uploads the real-time coordinates. The recovery unit 132 is installed on the drone body 110. The recovery unit 132 is hung at the bottom center of the drone body 110. The electromagnetic chuck 138 of the recovery unit 132 has a circular structure (diameter 8cm, suction force ≥5kg, working voltage 12V); it has a built-in high-strength electromagnetic coil, is wrapped with a waterproof insulating shell, and has a smooth adsorption surface at the bottom, which is precisely matched with the strong magnetic block on the top of the probe. Navigation and positioning phase: The main body of the UAV 110 navigates to a position 30cm above the monitoring probe 150 according to the coordinates, and slowly hovers directly above the monitoring probe 150. The electromagnetic chuck 138 is energized to generate magnetic force and attracts the strong magnetic block on the top of the monitoring probe 150. Electromagnetic adsorption stage: The control trigger electromagnetic chuck 138 is energized to generate a strong magnetic force, which attracts the neodymium iron boron strong magnetic block at the top of the probe. Connection and fixing stage: The electromagnetic chuck 138 is tightly attracted to the strong magnetic block. At this time, the monitoring probe 150 and the drone body 110 form a stable connection. The attraction force is ≥5kg, which is much greater than the weight of the monitoring probe 150, ensuring that it will not fall off during the lifting process. Lifting and recovery phase: The main body of the UAV 110 initiates the ascent procedure, which drives the monitoring probe 150 to rise into the air simultaneously. The monitoring probe 150 is then recovered to the station or the ground to complete the recovery operation. After recovery, the electromagnetic chuck 138 is de-energized, the magnetic force disappears, and the monitoring probe 150 separates from the electromagnetic chuck 138.

[0049] It should be noted that during the recycling process, the heating component 158 ​​can also be activated for 3-5 minutes to thaw the borehole. Please refer to Figures 1-5 The monitoring workflow of the mountain glacier displacement monitoring system 100 is as follows: Temperature sensor 159 continuously monitors the exposed state of probe 150. When the burial depth is less than 10cm, heating component 158 ​​is powered on and restarted to compensate for melting depth to ≥40cm. This cycle is repeated to maintain the fixation effect. The data control platform updates monitoring data in real time and triggers early warnings in case of abnormal situations (such as rapid movement of glaciers).

[0050] Based on the above, the mountain glacier displacement monitoring system 100 has at least the following advantages: The deployment depth and stability are significantly improved, with a penetration depth of up to 40cm during secondary drilling, and long-term fixation during strong ablation period; Expanded scope of application: Breaking through the limitations of low-temperature weak ablation areas, it can be used for mountain glaciers with strong ablation; Operational safety and efficiency optimization: Magnetic recycling requires no manual intervention and takes ≤10 minutes to recycle.

[0051] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mountain glacier displacement monitoring system, characterized in that: The mountain glacier displacement monitoring system includes a drone body, a positioning module, a mounting module, a data control platform, and at least one monitoring probe. The UAV body, the positioning module, the mounting module, and the monitoring probe are all electrically connected to the data control platform; the positioning module is connected to the UAV body. The mounting module is used to deploy or retrieve the monitoring probe.

2. The mountain glacier displacement monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring probe includes a probe body, a drill tip, and multiple tail fins; A displacement sensor is provided inside the probe body; the drill tip is located at the front of the probe body, and a buffer layer is provided at the connection between the drill tip and the probe body; a plurality of tail fins are arranged around the axis of the probe body at the tail of the probe body.

3. The mountain glacier displacement monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The monitoring probe also includes at least three telescopic support units; an angle sensor is also provided inside the probe body; all three telescopic support units are disposed at the tail of the probe body, and the telescopic support units are connected to the probe body, or each telescopic support unit is connected to one of the tail fins.

4. The mountain glacier displacement monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drill bit tip is hollow and contains a heating element; the probe body is also connected to a temperature sensor, a water immersion sensor and a solar panel, which are spaced apart from the front end to the rear end of the probe body.

5. The mountain glacier displacement monitoring system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The mounting module includes at least one electromagnetic adsorption unit, which is used to magnetically adsorb one or more of the monitoring probes.

6. The mountain glacier displacement monitoring system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The mounting module includes a deployment unit and a recovery unit, and one of the deployment unit and the recovery unit is connected to the main body of the drone. The delivery unit is used to deliver the monitoring probe, and the recovery unit is used to adsorb and recover the monitoring probe.

7. The mountain glacier displacement monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The delivery unit includes a delivery body and at least one limiting mechanism; The delivery body is equipped with at least one mounting position, and each mounting position is provided with a corresponding limiting mechanism; The top of the monitoring probe is provided with a mounting part, which is used to be inserted into the mounting position; the limiting mechanism is used to engage with the mounting part inserted into the mounting position.

8. The mountain glacier displacement monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the mounting part is provided with a slot; the limiting mechanism includes a locking block, a return spring, and a movable component; The card block is movably connected to the delivery body and has a mounting position and a release position; when the card block is in the mounting position, the card block engages with the slot of the mounting part; when the card block is in the release position, the card block disengages from the slot of the mounting part. The reset spring is connected to the locking block and is used to give the locking block a tendency to move from the release position to the mounting position; the movable member is used to drive the locking block to move from the mounting position to the release position.

9. The mountain glacier displacement monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The recycling unit includes an electromagnetic chuck and a strong magnetic block connected to the top of the mounting section.

10. The mountain glacier displacement monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mountain glacier displacement monitoring system also includes a mounting frame connected to the lower part of the UAV body, and one of the deployment unit and the recovery unit is connected to the mounting frame; The positioning module is connected to the mounting bracket.

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