An organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer suitable for tomatoes

Abstract

This invention discloses an organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer suitable for tomatoes, belonging to the field of agricultural microbial fertilizers. The fertilizer uses dandelion, purslane, barnyard grass, and foxtail grass as basic raw materials. These materials are prepared through directed tissue culture and mechanical-ultrasonic combined crushing, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis with mold to obtain a natural weed-derived culture medium. Then, Bacillus licheniformis is rapidly germinated using mid-wave infrared temperature control. Finally, a nutrient formula is precisely tailored to the tomato seedling, flowering, and fruit expansion stages, and a xanthan gum stabilization system is added to produce a liquid microbial fertilizer with a viscosity of 10-15 mPa·s to 20 mPa·s. This invention achieves high-value utilization of weed resources, solving problems such as cumbersome fermentation, unstable fertilizer effect, and poor nutrient compatibility in traditional microbial fertilizers. It improves the survival rate of bacterial strains and the utilization rate of raw materials, significantly reduces costs, allows for precise drip irrigation delivery, and significantly improves tomato survival rate, fruit set rate, and single fruit weight, thus offering both economic and environmental benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural microbial fertilizer technology, and in particular to an organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer suitable for tomatoes. Background Technology

[0002] Tomatoes are a widely cultivated and economically valuable solanaceous crop in my country. They have shallow root systems and weak nutrient absorption capacity, and their growth physiological characteristics differ significantly at the seedling, flowering, and fruit-expanding stages, exhibiting distinct stage-specific and targeted needs for nutrient types, concentrations, and functional microorganisms. During the seedling stage, the focus is on promoting root growth and strong seedlings, requiring sufficient nitrogen and root-promoting strains to foster root development and improve seedling survival rates. The flowering stage is sensitive to environmental stress, necessitating the application of stress-resistant strains to enhance resistance and pollen viability, while supplementing with calcium, boron, and other micronutrients to reduce flower and fruit drop. The fruit-expanding stage emphasizes potassium supply and the combined application of quality-enhancing strains to promote fruit enlargement, sugar accumulation, and color development. This necessitates precise nutrient and microbial agent supply based on the growth stages during cultivation.

[0003] In tomato greenhouse cultivation, drip irrigation fertilization has become the mainstream method due to its ability to precisely deliver water and fertilizer. Liquid microbial fertilizer is the core fertilizer suitable for this model, but its research and application still face many technical challenges, making it difficult to meet the needs of refined tomato cultivation. Traditional tomato microbial fertilizers mostly use solid-state fermentation processes, which have long preparation cycles, cumbersome on-site preparation, and slow bacterial germination. Furthermore, the fermentation process is susceptible to contamination by other microorganisms, resulting in low levels of effective live bacteria and poor fertilizer stability, failing to provide continuous and stable microbial and nutrient support for all stages of tomato growth. Meanwhile, agricultural production is characterized by abundant field weeds. Dandelions, purslane, barnyard grass, and foxtail grass are widely distributed around tomato plantations. These weeds contain natural carbon and nitrogen sources and mineral elements, making them excellent fertilizer raw materials, yet they are not effectively developed and utilized. Most are simply pulled up and discarded, causing a serious waste of agricultural resources. The rotting of fresh weeds also easily leads to field pests and diseases, increasing the cost of pest and disease control in tomato cultivation.

[0004] While existing liquid fertilizers for tomatoes are compatible with drip irrigation systems, they are still mainly general-purpose formulas and are not precisely and comprehensively designed to meet the differentiated needs of tomato seedlings, flowering, and fruit expansion stages. Furthermore, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is mostly set at a fixed temperature, which cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the actual use cycle of the microbial fertilizer. This results in low enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and insufficient nutrient conversion. After fertilization, problems such as nitrogen excess in the seedling stage, micronutrient deficiency in the flowering stage, and insufficient potassium supply in the fruit expansion stage are likely to occur. This not only causes a large waste of nutrients, but also affects the normal growth and development of tomatoes due to nutrient imbalance, leading to reduced fruit yield and quality.

[0005] In addition, traditional microbial fertilizer liquid culture media mostly rely on industrially synthesized raw materials, which not only have high preparation costs, but also easily lead to the accumulation of exogenous substances in the soil and disrupt the soil micro-ecological balance with long-term application. The few technologies that use agricultural waste to prepare culture media have problems such as crude mixing of raw materials and failure to combine the characteristics of microbial enzymatic hydrolysis for directional proportioning, resulting in low enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency, unbalanced nutrients in the culture medium, and problems such as antagonism between molds and functional strains and low raw material utilization. They cannot achieve continuous and stable production of culture media and are difficult to apply on a large scale to tomato cultivation.

[0006] It is evident that developing a liquid organic microbial fertilizer that is efficient, has stable live bacteria, and is compatible with drip irrigation systems is crucial to addressing the current problems of poor compatibility, low resource utilization, high preparation costs, and unstable fertilizer effects in tomato liquid microbial fertilizers. This is a key requirement for promoting quality and yield improvement in tomato cultivation and realizing the circular utilization of agricultural resources. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer suitable for tomatoes and its preparation method, which solves the technical problems of existing tomato microbial fertilizers such as complicated preparation, low utilization rate of weed resources, poor compatibility with the growth period, poor liquid stability, and high raw material costs, so as to achieve precise fertilization, quality improvement and yield increase and recycling of agricultural resources in tomato cultivation.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer suitable for tomatoes is prepared by a method including the following steps: Step S1, directional screening, tissue culture and combination crushing of weeds: Fresh grasses are divided into Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum groups according to the enzyme system preference of molds; fresh grasses in each group are directly mechanically crushed to 100-200 mesh and then ultrasonically broken down for 15-20 minutes at 300-350W and 25kHz to obtain ultrafine juice. Step S2, synergistic enzymatic hydrolysis of mold and culture medium circulation: Add sterile water to each suitable group of ultrafine juice to adjust the ratio, and inoculate with 1×10 8 ~1×10 9The corresponding mold spore solution with spores / mL was fermented for 22-26 hours under stirring conditions at pH=5.0-6.5, 28-32℃, and 150-200rpm. After filtration through a 900-1100 mesh filter, 60wt%-80wt% of the initial amount of fresh weed ultrafine juice was added to the residue for repeated enzymatic hydrolysis to achieve continuous reproduction of mold and continuous production of culture medium, resulting in a crude culture medium. The crude culture medium of Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:(0.8-1.2) and added to the germination tank. Enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 40-50℃ and stirring speed of 230-270rpm for 4-6 hours to completely degrade organic matter into readily available nutrients such as glucose and small molecule peptides, finally obtaining a natural culture medium derived from weeds. Step S3, Germination and Fermentation of Suitable Strains During Growth Period: Inject the natural weed-derived culture medium into the germination tank, maintain the temperature at 30-35℃ using mid-wave infrared light with a wavelength of 2-4 μm, and inoculate with 4-6% (v / v) 2×10⁻⁶ ppm of the culture medium. 8 ~2×10 10 CFU / mL Bacillus licheniformis culture, with initial pH controlled at 6.0-9.0, shaker speed at 150-220 r / min, and liquid volume at 10-20% (v / v), to achieve rapid and synchronous germination of the strain; Step S4, Nutrient Optimization and Liquid Stabilization: Add appropriate inorganic fertilizers for the tomato seedling, flowering, and fruit expansion stages respectively. After stirring and dissolving, filter through a 1000-1200 mesh filter. Add 0.02% (m / m) xanthan gum, 250-350 rpm, and 2-4% plant lactic acid bacteria. Stir for 30-45 minutes to obtain a liquid organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer with a viscosity of 10-20 mPa·s.

[0009] Preferably, the fresh herbs in the Aspergillus niger adaptant group in step S1 are dandelion and purslane compounded in a mass ratio of (1-3):1.

[0010] Preferably, the fresh grass in the *Trichoderma harzianum* adaptor group in step S1 is a mixture of barnyard grass and foxtail grass in a mass ratio of (2-4):2.

[0011] Preferably, the material-to-liquid ratio in step S2 is 1:3-1:5 (g / ml).

[0012] Preferably, the inoculum amount of the mold spore solution in step S2 is 4-12% (v / v).

[0013] Preferably, the natural culture medium containing weeds in step S3 has a calcium content ≥0.003%, a potassium content ≥0.06%, and a magnesium content ≥0.004%.

[0014] Preferably, the accuracy of the mid-wave infrared temperature control in step S3 is ±0.5℃.

[0015] Preferably, the suitable inorganic fertilizer added during the seedling stage in step S4 is: 0.1-0.2% (m / m) potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2-4% (m / v) plant lactic acid bacteria, and 0.8-1.2% (m / m) 15-15-15 potassium nitrosulfate compound fertilizer.

[0016] Preferably, the suitable inorganic fertilizer added during the flowering period in step S4 is: 0.1-0.2% (m / m) potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2-4% (m / v) plant lactic acid bacteria, 0.01-0.02% (m / m) EDTA chelated calcium, 0.01-0.02% (m / m) boric acid, and 0.8-1.2% (m / m) 17-17-17 potassium nitrosulfate compound fertilizer.

[0017] Preferably, the suitable inorganic fertilizer added during the fruit expansion period in step S4 is: 0.15-0.25% (m / m) potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.08-0.12% (m / m) potassium sulfate, 2-4% (m / v) plant lactic acid bacteria, and 1.8-2.2% (m / m) 12-5-30 potassium nitrosulfate compound fertilizer.

[0018] The organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer for tomatoes prepared by the above method has stable live bacteria, with a survival rate of ≥95% for Bacillus licheniformis, and a viscosity maintained at 10-20 mPa·s. It does not separate after standing for several days and can be delivered to the roots of tomatoes in a timely and quantitative manner through a drip irrigation system, precisely matching the growth needs of tomatoes during the seedling, flowering, and fruit expansion stages.

[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: 1. Innovative adaptation of fresh grass tissue culture to achieve high-value utilization of agricultural waste: Breaking through the traditional extensive model, both the basic group and the replacement group follow a three-in-one design of "mold enzymatic hydrolysis characteristics - culture medium nutrient requirements - tomato growth requirements". The overall ratio and the individual adaptation groups form a synergy, making the proportion of core components stable and perfectly matching the enzyme complementary characteristics of Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum. No additional industrial carbon and nitrogen sources are required, and the nutrient matching degree between natural culture medium and industrial culture medium is high. Field waste fresh grass is transformed into high-quality culture medium raw material, reducing raw material costs by 80% and solving the problem of fresh grass pollution, realizing the circular utilization of agricultural resources.

[0020] 2. The dual breakthrough of mechanical-ultrasonic combined crushing improves enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and controls contamination at the source: At the macro level, mechanical coarse crushing creates conditions for ultrasonic crushing and reduces ultrasonic energy consumption; at the micro level, the cavitation effect of ultrasound generates high temperature, high pressure and microjets, destroying the cell walls of weeds (forming 10-100nm micropores) and breaking macromolecular hydrogen bonds, significantly improving enzyme-substrate binding efficiency and substrate specific surface area, thus increasing the degradation rate of fresh grass; at the same time, the ultrasonic microjets can tear the cell membranes of bacteria and the high temperature causes the proteins of bacteria to denature, achieving in-situ sterilization, reducing the risk of bacteria contamination during fermentation from the source, with a bacteria inhibition rate of ≥90%.

[0021] 3. Biochemical enhancement of infrared temperature-controlled germination, enabling rapid and synchronous germination of strains: Mid-wave infrared temperature control with a wavelength of 2-4μm is used, which can directly act on the strain cells, activate the activity of ATPase and DNA polymerase, accelerate the material metabolism and division and proliferation of the strains, and shorten the germination time by 1-2 hours; the radiative heat transfer characteristics of infrared rays ensure that the temperature difference of the culture medium is ≤0.5℃, which greatly improves the synchronicity of strain germination, and reduces energy consumption by 30% compared with traditional water bath temperature control, providing a guarantee for the efficient preparation of microbial fertilizer.

[0022] 4. The multifunctional synergy of xanthan gum solves the problems of stability and survival rate of live bacteria in liquid microbial fertilizer: Adding xanthan gum achieves four benefits: First, xanthan gum can be degraded into monosaccharides, supplementing the carbon source for tomatoes and bacterial strains and regulating the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio; second, its three-dimensional network structure enables the microbial fertilizer to form a stable colloidal system, which does not separate after standing for many days, achieving homogenization; third, it builds a microenvironmental barrier for bacterial strains, reducing damage to the strains from the external environment and significantly improving the survival rate of Bacillus licheniformis; fourth, xanthan gum has super water retention capacity, which can increase soil water holding capacity, realize the slow release of nutrients, and significantly improve the utilization rate of nutrients by tomatoes.

[0023] 5. The cyclic enzymatic hydrolysis and graded filtration process solves the antagonism between bacterial strains and molds and improves resource utilization: The filter membrane completely isolates molds and Bacillus licheniformis, eliminating the antagonistic effect between bacteria and molds and ensuring the activity of functional strains; the retained material (unhydrolyzed organic matter + mold cells) is recycled, enabling molds to proliferate and cycle, significantly improving the utilization rate of weed raw materials, and realizing continuous production of culture medium, greatly improving preparation efficiency; the entire process has no wastewater, waste gas, or waste residue emissions, and belongs to clean production process.

[0024] 6. Precise adaptation to the tomato growth stage achieves the dual benefits of improved quality and yield while reducing costs: Targeting the differentiated needs of tomato seedlings for root promotion, flowering for stress-resistant pollination, and fruit expansion for increased quality and weight, precise strain ratios and nutrient formulations are designed to ensure a seedling survival rate of ≥95%, a fruit setting rate increase of over 18%, a single fruit weight increase of 10%-15%, and a soluble solids content increase of 2-3 percentage points. Simultaneously, the use of natural weed-derived culture media replaces industrial culture media, reducing overall process costs by 70% and reducing the use of exogenous fertilizers by 35%. This results in increased tomato yield and quality while lowering production costs, demonstrating significant economic and agricultural benefits. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention and to make the above-mentioned features, objectives, and advantages of the present invention clearer and easier to understand, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments. These embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Example 1

[0026] An organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer suitable for tomatoes is prepared by a method including the following steps: Step S1, directional screening, tissue culture and combination crushing of weeds: Fresh grasses were divided into Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum groups according to the enzyme system preference of molds; fresh grasses in each group were directly mechanically crushed to 100 mesh and then subjected to ultrasonic treatment at 350W and 25kHz for 20 minutes to obtain ultrafine juice. Step S2, synergistic enzymatic hydrolysis of mold and circulating culture medium: Add sterile water to each suitable group of ultrafine juice to adjust the ratio, inoculate with 4%, 1×10 8 The corresponding mold spore liquid with spores / mL was fermented for 22 hours under stirring conditions at pH=5.0, 28℃, and 150rpm. After filtration through an 1100-mesh filter, 60wt% of the initial amount of fresh weed ultrafine juice was added to the residue for repeated enzymatic hydrolysis to achieve continuous reproduction of mold and continuous production of culture medium, resulting in crude culture medium. The crude culture medium of Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:0.8 and added to the germination tank. Enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 40℃ and stirring speed of 230rpm for 4 hours to completely degrade organic matter into readily available nutrients such as glucose and small molecule peptides, finally obtaining natural culture medium derived from weeds. Step S3, Germination and Fermentation of Suitable Strains During Growth Period: The natural culture medium derived from weeds was injected into the germination tank, and the temperature was maintained at 30℃ using mid-wave infrared light with a wavelength of 2-4 μm. 4% (v / v) of 2×10⁻⁶ micronutrients was then introduced. 8 CFU / mL Bacillus licheniformis bacterial suspension, with initial pH=6.0, shaker speed 150r / min, and liquid volume 10% (v / v), to achieve rapid and synchronous germination of the strain; Step S4, Nutrient Optimization and Liquid Stabilization: Add appropriate inorganic fertilizers for the tomato seedling, flowering, and fruit expansion stages respectively. After stirring and dissolving, filter through a 1000-mesh screen, add 0.02% (m / m) xanthan gum and 2-4% plant lactic acid bacteria, and stir at 250 rpm for 30-45 min to obtain a liquid organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer with a viscosity of 10-20 mPa·s.

[0027] In step S1, the fresh grass in the Aspergillus niger adaptor group is a mixture of dandelion and purslane in a mass ratio of 1:1; in step S1, the fresh grass in the Trichoderma harzianum adaptor group is a mixture of barnyard grass and foxtail grass in a mass ratio of 2:2; in step S2, the material-to-liquid ratio is 1:3 (g / ml); in step S2, the inoculum amount of the mold spore liquid is 4% (v / v); in step S3, the natural culture medium from weed sources has a calcium content ≥0.003%, a potassium content ≥0.06%, and a magnesium content ≥0.004%.

[0028] The accuracy of the mid-wave infrared temperature control mentioned in step S3 is ±0.5℃; the suitable inorganic fertilizer added during the seedling stage mentioned in step S4 is: 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (m / m), 2% plant lactic acid bacteria (m / v), and 0.8% 15-15-15 potassium nitrosulfate compound fertilizer (m / m); the suitable inorganic fertilizer added during the flowering stage mentioned in step S4 is: 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (m / m), 2% plant lactic acid bacteria (m / v), 0.01% EDTA chelated calcium (m / m), 0.01% boric acid (m / m), and 0.8% 17-17-17 potassium nitrosulfate compound fertilizer (m / m). The suitable inorganic fertilizer added during the fruit expansion period in step S4 is: 0.15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (m / m), 0.08% potassium sulfate (m / m), 2% plant lactic acid bacteria (m / v), and 1.8% 12-5-30 potassium nitrosulfate compound fertilizer (m / m). Example 2

[0029] An organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer suitable for tomatoes is prepared by a method including the following steps: Step S1, Fresh grass directional screening, tissue culture and combination crushing: Fresh grass was divided into Aspergillus niger adaptation group and Trichoderma harzianum adaptation group according to the enzyme system preference of molds; Fresh grass in each adaptation group was directly mechanically crushed to 130 mesh and then subjected to ultrasonic cracking at 340W and 25kHz for 19 minutes to obtain ultrafine juice. Step S2, synergistic enzymatic hydrolysis of mold and circulating culture medium: Add sterile water to each suitable group of ultrafine juice to adjust the ratio, inoculate with 6%, 1×10 8The corresponding mold spore solution with spores / mL was fermented for 23 hours under stirring conditions at pH=5.5, 29℃, and 160rpm. After filtration through a 1050-mesh filter, 65wt% of the initial amount of fresh weed ultrafine juice was added to the residue for repeated enzymatic hydrolysis to achieve continuous reproduction of mold and continuous production of culture medium, resulting in a crude culture medium. The crude culture medium of Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:0.9 and added to the germination tank. Enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 43℃ and 240rpm for 4.5 hours to completely degrade organic matter into readily available nutrients such as glucose and small molecule peptides, finally obtaining a natural culture medium derived from weeds. Step S3, Germination and Fermentation of Suitable Strains During Growth Period: Fresh grass-derived natural culture medium was injected into the germination tank, and the temperature was maintained at 32℃ using mid-wave infrared light with a wavelength of 2-4 μm. 4.5% (v / v) 2×10⁻⁶ ppm of the culture medium was then introduced. 8 CFU / mL Bacillus licheniformis culture was used to control the initial pH at 7.0, the shaking speed at 180 r / min, and the liquid volume at 13% (v / v) to achieve rapid and synchronous germination of the strains. Step S4, Nutrient Optimization and Liquid Stabilization: Add appropriate inorganic fertilizers for the tomato seedling, flowering, and fruit expansion stages respectively. After stirring and dissolving, filter through a 1050-mesh screen, add 0.02% (m / m) xanthan gum and 2-4% plant lactic acid bacteria, and stir at 270 rpm for 30-45 minutes to obtain a liquid organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer with a viscosity of 10-20 mPa·s.

[0030] In step S1, the fresh grass in the Aspergillus niger adaptor group is a mixture of dandelion and purslane in a mass ratio of 1.5:1; in step S1, the fresh grass in the Trichoderma harzianum adaptor group is a mixture of barnyard grass and foxtail grass in a mass ratio of 2.5:2; in step S2, the material-to-liquid ratio is 1:3.5 (g / ml); in step S2, the inoculum amount of the mold spore solution is 6% (v / v); in step S3, the natural culture medium from weed sources has a calcium content ≥0.003%, a potassium content ≥0.06%, and a magnesium content ≥0.004%.

[0031] The accuracy of the mid-wave infrared temperature control mentioned in step S3 is ±0.5℃; the suitable inorganic fertilizer added during the seedling stage in step S4 is: 0.13% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (m / m), 2.5% plant lactic acid bacteria (m / v), and 0.9% 15-15-15 potassium nitrosulfate compound fertilizer (m / m); the suitable inorganic fertilizer added during the flowering stage in step S4 is: 0.13% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (m / m), 2.5% plant lactic acid bacteria (m / v), 0.013% EDTA chelated calcium (m / m), 0.013% boric acid (m / m), and 0.9% 17-17-17 potassium nitrosulfate compound fertilizer (m / m); the suitable inorganic fertilizer added during the fruit expansion stage in step S4 is: 0.18% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (m / m), 0.09% potassium sulfate (m / m), and 2.5% plant lactic acid bacteria. (m / v), 12-5-30 potassium nitrosulfate compound fertilizer 1.9% (m / m). Example 3

[0032] An organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer suitable for tomatoes is prepared by a method including the following steps: Step S1, Fresh grass directional screening, tissue culture and combination crushing: Fresh grass was divided into Aspergillus niger adaptation group and Trichoderma harzianum adaptation group according to the enzyme system preference of molds; Fresh grass in each adaptation group was directly mechanically crushed to 150 mesh and then ultrasonically broken for 18 minutes at 330W and 25kHz to obtain ultrafine juice. Step S2, synergistic enzymatic hydrolysis of mold and circulating culture medium: Add sterile water to each suitable group of ultrafine juice to adjust the ratio, inoculate with 8%, 1×10 9 The corresponding mold spore liquid with spores / mL was fermented for 24 hours under stirring conditions at pH=6, 30℃, and 180rpm. After filtration through a 1000-mesh filter, 70wt% of the initial amount of fresh weed ultrafine juice was added to the residue for repeated enzymatic hydrolysis to achieve continuous reproduction of mold and continuous production of culture medium, resulting in crude culture medium. The crude culture medium of Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1 and added to the germination tank. Enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 45℃ and stirring speed of 250rpm for 5 hours to completely degrade organic matter into readily available nutrients such as glucose and small molecule peptides, finally obtaining natural culture medium derived from weeds. Step S3, Germination and Fermentation of Suitable Strains During Growth Period: The natural culture medium derived from weeds was injected into the germination tank, and the temperature was maintained at 33℃ using mid-wave infrared light with a wavelength of 2-4 μm. 5% (v / v) 2×10⁻⁶ micronutrients were then introduced. 9 CFU / mL Bacillus licheniformis bacterial suspension, with initial pH=7.5, shaker speed 190r / min, and liquid volume 15% (v / v), to achieve rapid and synchronous germination of the strain; Step S4, Nutrient Optimization and Liquid Stabilization: Add appropriate inorganic fertilizers for the tomato seedling, flowering, and fruit expansion stages respectively. After stirring and dissolving, filter through 1100 mesh, add 0.02% (m / m) xanthan gum and 2-4% plant lactic acid bacteria, and stir at 300 rpm for 30-45 min to obtain a liquid organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer with a viscosity of 10-20 mPa·s.

[0033] In step S1, the fresh grass in the Aspergillus niger adaptor group is a mixture of dandelion and purslane in a mass ratio of 2:1; in step S1, the fresh grass in the Trichoderma harzianum adaptor group is a mixture of barnyard grass and foxtail grass in a mass ratio of 3:2; in step S2, the material-to-liquid ratio is 1:4 (g / ml); in step S2, the inoculum amount of the mold spore liquid is 8% (v / v); in step S3, the natural culture medium from weed sources has a calcium content ≥0.003%, a potassium content ≥0.06%, and a magnesium content ≥0.004%.

[0034] The accuracy of the mid-wave infrared temperature control mentioned in step S3 is ±0.5℃; the suitable inorganic fertilizer added during the seedling stage in step S4 is: 0.15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (m / m), 3% plant lactic acid bacteria (m / v), and 1% (m / m) of 15-15-15 potassium nitrosulfate compound fertilizer; the suitable inorganic fertilizer added during the flowering stage in step S4 is: 0.15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (m / m), 3% (m / v) plant lactic acid bacteria, 0.015% (m / m) EDTA chelated calcium, 0.015% (m / m) boric acid, and 1% (m / m) of 17-17-17 potassium nitrosulfate compound fertilizer; the suitable inorganic fertilizer added during the fruit expansion stage in step S4 is: 0.2% (m / m) potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1% (m / m) potassium sulfate, and 3% plant lactic acid bacteria. (m / v), 12-5-30 potassium nitrosulfate compound fertilizer 2% (m / v). Example 4

[0035] An organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer suitable for tomatoes is prepared by a method including the following steps: Step S1, Fresh grass directional screening, tissue culture and combination crushing: Fresh grass was divided into Aspergillus niger adaptation group and Trichoderma harzianum adaptation group according to the enzyme system preference of molds; Fresh grass in each adaptation group was directly mechanically crushed to 180 mesh and then ultrasonically broken for 16 minutes at 320W and 25kHz to obtain ultrafine juice. Step S2, synergistic enzymatic hydrolysis of mold and circulating culture medium: Add sterile water to each suitable group of ultrafine juice to adjust the ratio, and inoculate with 11%, 1×10 9The corresponding mold spore solution with spores / mL was fermented for 25 hours under stirring conditions at pH=6.3, 31℃, and 190rpm. After filtration through a 950-mesh filter, 75wt% of the initial amount of fresh weed ultrafine juice was added to the residue for repeated enzymatic hydrolysis to achieve continuous reproduction of mold and continuous production of culture medium, resulting in a crude culture medium. The crude culture medium of Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1.1 and added to the germination tank. Enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 48℃ and stirring speed of 260rpm for 5.5 hours to completely degrade organic matter into readily available nutrients such as glucose and small molecule peptides, finally obtaining a natural culture medium derived from weeds. Step S3, Germination and Fermentation of Suitable Strains During Growth Period: The natural culture medium derived from weeds was injected into the germination tank, and the temperature was maintained at 34℃ using mid-wave infrared light with a wavelength of 2-4 μm. 2 × 10⁻⁶ micronutrients (5.5% v / v) were then inoculated. 9 CFU / mL Bacillus licheniformis bacterial suspension, with initial pH=8.5, shaker speed 210 r / min, and liquid volume 18% (v / v), to achieve rapid and synchronous germination of the strain; Step S4, Nutrient Optimization and Liquid Stabilization: Add appropriate inorganic fertilizers for the tomato seedling, flowering, and fruit expansion stages respectively. After stirring and dissolving, filter through 1150 mesh, add 0.02% (m / m) xanthan gum and 2-4% plant lactic acid bacteria, and stir at 340 rpm for 30-45 min to obtain a liquid organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer with a viscosity of 10-20 mPa·s.

[0036] In step S1, the fresh grass in the Aspergillus niger adaptor group is a mixture of dandelion and purslane at a mass ratio of 2.5:1; in step S1, the fresh grass in the Trichoderma harzianum adaptor group is a mixture of barnyard grass and foxtail grass at a mass ratio of 3.5:2; in step S2, the material-to-liquid ratio is 1:4.5 (g / ml); in step S2, the inoculation amount of the mold spore solution is 11% (v / v); in step S3, the natural culture medium from weed sources has a calcium content ≥0.003%, a potassium content ≥0.06%, and a magnesium content ≥0.004%.

[0037] The accuracy of the mid-wave infrared temperature control mentioned in step S3 is ±0.5℃; the suitable inorganic fertilizer added during the seedling stage in step S4 is: 0.18% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (m / m), 3.5% plant lactic acid bacteria (m / v), and 1.1% 15-15-15 potassium nitrosulfate compound fertilizer (m / m); the suitable inorganic fertilizer added during the flowering stage in step S4 is: 0.18% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (m / m), 3.5% plant lactic acid bacteria (m / v), 0.018% EDTA chelated calcium (m / m), 0.018% boric acid (m / m), and 1.1% 17-17-17 potassium nitrosulfate compound fertilizer (m / m); the suitable inorganic fertilizer added during the fruit expansion stage in step S4 is: 0.23% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (m / m), 0.11% potassium sulfate (m / m), and 3.5% plant lactic acid bacteria (m / m). (m / v), 12-5-30 potassium nitrosulfate compound fertilizer 2.1% (m / m). Example 5

[0038] An organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer suitable for tomatoes is prepared by a method including the following steps: Step S1, Fresh grass directional screening, tissue culture and combination crushing: Fresh grass is divided into Aspergillus niger adaptation group and Trichoderma harzianum adaptation group according to the enzyme system preference of molds; Fresh grass in each adaptation group is directly mechanically crushed to 200 mesh and then ultrasonically broken for 15 minutes at 300W and 25kHz to obtain ultrafine juice. Step S2, synergistic enzymatic hydrolysis of mold and circulating culture medium: Add sterile water to each suitable group of ultrafine juice to adjust the ratio, inoculate with 12%, 1×10 9 The corresponding mold spore liquid with spores / mL was fermented for 26 hours under stirring conditions at pH=6.5, 32℃, and 200rpm. After filtration through a 900-mesh filter, 80wt% of the initial amount of fresh weed ultrafine juice was added to the residue for repeated enzymatic hydrolysis to achieve continuous reproduction of mold and continuous production of culture medium, resulting in crude culture medium. The crude culture medium of Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1.2 and added to the germination tank. Enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 50℃ and stirring speed of 270rpm for 6 hours to completely degrade organic matter into readily available nutrients such as glucose and small molecule peptides, finally obtaining natural culture medium derived from weeds. Step S3, Germination and Fermentation of Suitable Strains During Growth Period: Fresh grass-derived natural culture medium was injected into the germination tank, and the temperature was maintained at 35℃ using mid-wave infrared light with a wavelength of 2-4 μm. 6% (v / v) 2×10⁻⁶ micronutrients were then introduced. 10 CFU / mL Bacillus licheniformis bacterial suspension, with initial pH=9.0, shaker speed 220r / min, and liquid volume 20% (v / v), to achieve rapid and synchronous germination of the strain; Step S4, Nutrient Optimization and Liquid Stabilization: Add appropriate inorganic fertilizers for the tomato seedling, flowering, and fruit expansion stages respectively. After stirring and dissolving, filter through a 1200-mesh screen, add 0.02% (m / m) xanthan gum and 2-4% plant lactic acid bacteria, and stir at 350 rpm for 30-45 min to obtain a liquid organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer with a viscosity of 10-20 mPa·s.

[0039] In step S1, the fresh grass in the Aspergillus niger adaptor group is a mixture of dandelion and purslane in a mass ratio of 3:1; in step S1, the fresh grass in the Trichoderma harzianum adaptor group is a mixture of barnyard grass and foxtail grass in a mass ratio of 4:2; in step S2, the material-to-liquid ratio is 1:5 (g / ml); in step S2, the inoculum amount of mold spore liquid is 12% (v / v); in step S3, the natural culture medium from weed sources has a calcium content ≥0.003%, a potassium content ≥0.06%, and a magnesium content ≥0.004%.

[0040] The accuracy of the mid-wave infrared temperature control mentioned in step S3 is ±0.5℃; the suitable inorganic fertilizer added during the seedling stage in step S4 is: 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (m / m), 4% plant lactic acid bacteria (m / v), and 1.2% 15-15-15 potassium nitrosulfate compound fertilizer (m / m); the suitable inorganic fertilizer added during the flowering stage in step S4 is: 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (m / m), 4% plant lactic acid bacteria (m / v), 0.02% EDTA chelated calcium (m / m), 0.02% boric acid (m / m), and 1.2% 17-17-17 potassium nitrosulfate compound fertilizer (m / m); the suitable inorganic fertilizer added during the fruit expansion stage in step S4 is: 0.25% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (m / m), 0.12% potassium sulfate (m / m), and 4% plant lactic acid bacteria (m / m). (m / v), 12-5-30 potassium nitrosulfate compound fertilizer 2.2% (m / m).

[0041] Comparative Example 1 An organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer suitable for tomatoes is basically the same as in Example 3, except that ultrasonic crushing is eliminated and mechanical crushing to 150 mesh is used instead.

[0042] Comparative Example 2 An organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer suitable for tomatoes is basically the same as in Example 3, except that traditional water bath temperature control is used instead of infrared temperature control.

[0043] Comparative Example 3 An organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer suitable for tomatoes is basically the same as in Example 3, except that xanthan gum is omitted.

[0044] Comparative Example 4 An organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer adapted for tomatoes is basically the same as in Example 3, except that an industrial synthetic culture medium is used instead of a natural culture medium derived from weeds.

[0045] Comparative Example 5 An organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer suitable for tomatoes is basically the same as that in Example 3, except that it uses a general-purpose fertilizer formula and does not distinguish between different growth stages of tomatoes for fertilization.

[0046] The following experimental methods were used to test the relevant performance of each microbial fertilizer. The test results are shown in Table 1: (1) Detection of effective viable bacteria survival rate: The effective viable bacteria survival rate was detected by plate dilution plating method. For the detection of Bacillus licheniformis in the microbial fertilizer, 10 mL of the microbial fertilizer to be tested was added to 90 mL of sterile physiological saline and serially diluted to 10⁻ 6 10⁻ 7 10⁻ 8 Prepare bacterial suspensions by dilution. Take 0.1 mL of each diluted bacterial suspension and spread it evenly on the corresponding strain's dedicated solid culture medium plate. Bacillus licheniformis was cultured at 37℃ for 24 h using LB culture. Count the number of single colonies on the plate and calculate the viable cell concentration. Combined with the initial viable cell concentration, calculate the strain survival rate by (detected viable cell concentration / initial viable cell concentration) × 100%. All tests were set up in triplicate, and the average value of the results was taken.

[0047] (2) Seedling survival rate test: The seedling survival rate test was conducted by field counting method. The total number of tomato seedlings transplanted was recorded. Tomato seedlings with uniform growth were selected for field transplanting and cultivation management conditions were uniform. The number of surviving tomato seedlings in the field was counted 15 days after transplanting. The seedling survival rate was calculated as (number of surviving seedlings / total number of transplanted seedlings) × 100%. All tests were conducted in 3 parallel trials, and the average value of the results was taken.

[0048] (3) Fruit setting rate detection: The fruit setting rate was detected by counting the flowering period of a single plant. 100 tomato plants were randomly selected in the experimental field and the total number of flowers per plant was marked. After the flowering period, the actual number of fruits set per plant was counted. The fruit setting rate was calculated by (total number of fruits set per plant / total number of flowers per plant) × 100%. All tests were conducted in 3 parallel trials and the average value of the results was taken.

[0049] (4) Single fruit weight test: The single fruit weight test adopts the weighing method. After the tomato fruits mature, 100 mature fruits without diseases, pests, or deformities are randomly selected from the experimental field. The weight of each fruit is weighed using an electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.1g. The average value is the single fruit weight. All tests are set up in 3 parallel experiments, and the average value of the results is taken.

[0050] (5) Single plant yield test: The single plant yield test adopts the weighing method of the whole growth period. 50 tomato plants in the experimental field are randomly marked and tracked by tagging. The weight of the fruit of each ripening of the 50 tomatoes during the whole growth period is recorded. The total weight of the fruit of the single plant is accumulated and the average value is calculated, which is the single plant yield. All tests are set up in 3 parallel experiments and the average value of the results is taken.

[0051] As shown in Table 1, the organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer prepared in Example 3, which is suitable for tomatoes, has significantly higher strain survival rate (93%), tomato seedling survival rate (96%), fruit setting rate (89%), average single fruit weight (160g), and average single plant yield (6.1kg) than the comparative examples. Compared with comparative examples 1-5, which eliminated ultrasonic crushing, adopted traditional water bath temperature control, eliminated xanthan gum addition, and adopted industrial synthetic culture medium and general fertilizer formula, the microbial fertilizer in Example 3 has better overall performance and can effectively improve the survival rate and yield of tomato cultivation.

[0052] Table 1. Performance test results of organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer suitable for tomatoes project Survival rate Tomato seedling survival rate Fruit setting rate Average single fruit weight Average yield per plant unit % % % g kg Example 3 93 96 89 160 6.1 Comparative Example 1 71 89 80 145 5.3 Comparative Example 2 85 90 80 140 5.2 Comparative Example 3 80 76 75 131 4.7 Comparative Example 4 75 80 85 150 5.5 Comparative Example 5 91 96 88 145 5.0 The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer suitable for tomatoes, characterized in that, It is prepared by a method including the following steps: Step S1, Fresh grass directional screening, tissue culture and combination crushing: Fresh grass is divided into Aspergillus niger adaptation group and Trichoderma harzianum adaptation group according to the enzyme system preference of molds; Fresh grass in each adaptation group is directly mechanically crushed to 100-200 mesh and then ultrasonically broken for 15-20 minutes at 300-350W and 25kHz to obtain ultrafine juice. Step S2, synergistic enzymatic hydrolysis of mold and culture medium circulation: Add sterile water to each suitable group of ultrafine juice to adjust the ratio, and inoculate with 1×10 8 ~1×10 9 The corresponding mold spore solution with spores / mL was fermented for 22-26 hours under stirring conditions at pH=5.0-6.5, 28-32℃, and 150-200rpm. After filtration through a 900-1100 mesh filter, 60wt%-80wt% of the initial amount of fresh grass ultrafine juice was added to the residue for repeated enzymatic hydrolysis to achieve continuous reproduction of mold and continuous production of culture medium, resulting in crude culture medium. The crude culture medium of Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:(0.8-1.2) and added to the germination tank. Enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 40-50℃ and stirring speed of 230-270rpm for 4-6 hours to completely degrade organic matter into readily available nutrients such as glucose and small molecule peptides, finally obtaining a natural culture medium derived from fresh grass. Step S3, Germination and Fermentation of Suitable Strains During Growth Period: Fresh grass-derived natural culture medium is injected into the germination tank. The temperature is maintained at 30-35℃ using mid-wave infrared light with a wavelength of 2-4 μm. 4-6% (v / v) of 2×10⁻⁶ micronutrients is then introduced. 8 ~2×10 10 CFU / mL Bacillus licheniformis bacterial suspension, with initial pH controlled at 6.0-9.0, shaker speed at 150-220 r / min, and liquid volume at 10-20% (v / v), to achieve rapid and synchronous germination of the strain; Step S4, Nutrient Optimization and Liquid Stabilization: Add appropriate inorganic fertilizers for the tomato seedling, flowering, and fruit expansion stages respectively. After stirring and dissolving, filter through a 1000-1200 mesh. Add 0.02% (m / v) xanthan gum and 2-4% plant lactic acid bacteria (to adjust the product's pH value to 6-6.8 to suit tomato growth). Stir at 250-350 rpm for 30-45 minutes to obtain a liquid organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer with a viscosity of 10-20 mPa·s.

2. The organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer suitable for tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fresh herbs in the Aspergillus niger adaptant group mentioned in step S1 are dandelion and purslane compounded in a mass ratio of (1-3):

1.

3. The organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer adapted for tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fresh grass in the Trichoderma harzianum adaptable group mentioned in step S1 is a mixture of barnyard grass and foxtail grass in a mass ratio of (2-4):

2.

4. The organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer adapted for tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the crude culture media of the Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum adaptor groups are mixed at a volume ratio of 1:(0.8-1.2). The enzyme hydrolysate has complementary functions, which accelerates the conversion of fibrous substances into glucose and small molecule peptides.

5. The organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer adapted for tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material-liquid ratio mentioned in step S2 is 1:3-1:

5.

6. The organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer adapted for tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The natural culture medium containing weeds in step S3 has a calcium content ≥0.003%, a potassium content ≥0.06%, and a magnesium content ≥0.004%.

7. The organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer adapted for tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mid-wave infrared temperature control described in step S3 has good penetration, prevents excessively high local temperatures, and has an accuracy of ±0.5℃.

8. The organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer adapted for tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suitable inorganic fertilizer added during the seedling stage in step S4 is: 0.1-0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (m / m), 2-4% plant lactic acid bacteria (m / v), and 0.8-1.2% 15-15-15 potassium nitrosulfate compound fertilizer (m / m). The suitable inorganic fertilizer added during the flowering stage in step S4 is: 0.1-0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (m / m), 2-4% plant lactic acid bacteria (m / v), and 0.01-0.02% EDTA chelated calcium (m / v). The appropriate inorganic fertilizers added during the fruit expansion period in step S4 are: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.15-0.25% (m / m), potassium sulfate 0.08-0.12% (m / m), plant lactic acid bacteria 2-4% (m / v), and 12-5-30 potassium nitrosulfate compound fertilizer 1.8-2.2% (m / m).

9. The organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer adapted for tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The addition of 2-4% plant lactic acid bacteria in step S4 is used to adjust the pH value of the liquid phase to 6.0-6.8, which is suitable for tomato growth.

10. The organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer adapted for tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid organic drip irrigation microbial fertilizer described in step S4 contains active ingredients such as flavonoids, organic acids, oligosaccharides, small molecule peptides, and hormone-like substances, which can regulate tomato growth, disease resistance, and nutrient absorption.