A battery emergency power supply system for power systems

Abstract

This invention discloses a battery emergency power supply system for power systems. The system includes a charging module, a dispatching module, an energy storage management module, a circuit breaker module, and a battery detection module. It achieves multi-level fault protection through mirrored redundancy links and an intelligent dispatching mechanism. The energy storage management module consists of multiple energy storage cabinets. Each cabinet's backup battery pack within its power supply module forms mirror redundancy with adjacent cabinets. The intelligent dispatching unit dynamically executes individual or unified power supply modes based on load level and grid status, and achieves seamless switching through a pre-synchronization module. The battery detection module, combined with a health assessment unit, monitors battery status in real time, pre-marks potential faults, and activates a hot standby mechanism, significantly improving the reliability and response speed of emergency power supply in power systems. This effectively solves the problems of large switching impact and slow response in traditional systems, making it suitable for critical scenarios with extremely high power supply continuity requirements, such as substation monitoring and communication base stations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power supply systems, and in particular to a battery emergency power supply system for power systems. Background Technology

[0002] In the highly automated, real-time, and self-healing operation system of the smart grid, DC power supply equipment, as a core component ensuring uninterrupted power supply to intelligent control, communication dispatch, and critical loads, still relies on the safety and reliability of battery banks for its wiring. The smart grid places higher demands on power supply continuity, fault response speed, and state perception accuracy. When disturbances or faults occur on the grid side, battery banks must provide millisecond-level stable power support to core DC loads such as smart terminals, protection devices, and automation systems. If the battery bank malfunctions due to aging, abnormal internal resistance, or problems such as broken wires or poor contact in the power supply circuit, it will directly lead to DC bus voltage loss, potentially causing not only interruptions in smart grid dispatch commands but also malfunctions in automated control.

[0003] Chinese invention CN107516930B discloses a credit emergency power supply system, including a storage battery. The battery input terminal is electrically connected to a solar controller. It is powered by solar energy, is energy-saving and not limited by mains power outages. It can quickly determine the location of cable breakage accidents, shorten the investigation and repair time, and maintain temporary signal transmission through a wireless signal bridge before repair, minimizing the inconvenience caused to users.

[0004] Chinese invention CN115021392B discloses an emergency power supply system based on a hydrogen fuel cell, which can still provide stable power to the load system without interruption in the event of abnormal mains power or abnormal electrical components inside the device. At the same time, it can enable the maintenance and replacement of electrical components inside the device without the load system being powered off.

[0005] Traditional DC power supply equipment relies on battery banks as the last line of defense in the event of a power grid accident. If the battery bank or its power supply circuit fails, it will directly cause the DC bus to lose voltage, which will in turn cause the relevant protection and control equipment in the power system to malfunction. In severe cases, it may even affect the overall stability and safe operation of the system, posing certain operational risks. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The core of this invention lies in solving the problem of DC bus voltage loss caused by battery failure in existing technologies by constructing a multi-level redundant power supply architecture. It also achieves coordinated operation of cross-cabinet dynamic redundancy and intelligent scheduling.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0008] An emergency battery power supply system for a power system includes a charging module, a dispatching module, an energy storage management module, a circuit breaker module, and a battery detection module. The energy storage management module includes multiple energy storage cabinets connected to the power grid. Each energy storage cabinet is equipped with multiple battery banks and a backup power module. The backup power module contains a backup battery bank that is matched to each battery bank. The charging module is used to charge the battery banks and the backup battery banks. The scheduling module is used to manage the operation of each energy storage cabinet and the backup power module in the energy storage cabinet. The backup power modules in adjacent energy storage cabinets are interconnected, and each backup battery pack in the backup power module forms a mirrored redundant link with a backup battery pack in another backup power module. When the battery packs in the energy storage cabinet are called up, the intelligent dispatching unit will execute the power supply mode in real time, either individually or uniformly, according to the load level and grid status. The battery detection module periodically checks the effectiveness of the battery pack and the backup battery pack. When any battery pack fails, the corresponding backup battery pack is triggered to take over the power supply. If the backup battery pack also fails, the system automatically switches to the corresponding backup battery pack in the neighboring cabinet's protection power module based on the mirrored redundancy link. When the corresponding backup battery pack in the neighboring cabinet also fails, a two-level scheduling is performed according to the power supply mode: in the individual power supply mode, the remaining backup battery packs in the same cabinet are called to take over the power supply in order of priority; in the unified power supply mode, all remaining valid backup battery packs in the cabinet are activated to share the fault load.

[0009] Furthermore, if any backup battery pack in the protection power module fails, the backup battery pack in the adjacent protection power module will take over the power supply task.

[0010] Furthermore, in the individual power supply mode, the intelligent scheduling unit activates each battery pack sequentially according to a preset time sequence. When a battery fails, it activates the backup battery pack in the corresponding protection power module to perform seamless current relay and DC bus voltage maintenance. Under the unified power supply mode, the intelligent dispatching unit simultaneously activates all battery banks and simultaneously triggers the backup battery banks in all protection power modules to enter hot standby mode, ensuring that when any battery bank suddenly disconnects, the corresponding backup battery bank takes over the current, continues the current, and maintains the DC bus voltage stability.

[0011] Furthermore, when performing effectiveness testing, the battery detection module verifies the battery's load capacity: first, it verifies whether the battery can bear the normal load of the DC system under normal operating conditions; then, it performs impact load testing: simulating the impact current of multiple circuit breakers tripping or closing simultaneously, monitoring bus voltage fluctuations and voltage drops, and testing the power supply stability of the battery pack under impact conditions.

[0012] Furthermore, when the power grid is normal, the battery pack is set to hot standby mode; when the power grid is abnormal, the battery pack switches to power supply mode, and the protection power module is set to hot standby mode.

[0013] Furthermore, the output terminals of the battery pack, backup battery pack, and protection power module are all equipped with circuit breakers connected to the circuit breaker module. The circuit breaker module is used to ensure instantaneous continuity and fault isolation of the switching path when the backup battery pack is taken over across cabinets.

[0014] Furthermore, a pre-synchronization module is installed between the circuit breaker of the backup battery pack and the DC bus. The pre-synchronization module is used to monitor the backup battery pack voltage and the DC bus voltage in real time, and to fine-tune the backup battery pack voltage through a controllable resistor or a small current source so that the voltage difference between the backup battery pack and the bus is less than 1%.

[0015] Furthermore, a health assessment unit is connected to the battery detection module. The health assessment unit continuously collects core data from each battery pack and performs an assessment based on the core data. Based on the scoring results, battery packs with poor health status are marked, and then the corresponding backup battery pack is set to hot standby status.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are: (1) This solution establishes a multi-level redundant power supply architecture of “battery pack + backup power module + cross-cabinet mirror redundancy”, which effectively solves the problem of DC bus voltage loss caused by traditional battery failure. In this architecture, the battery pack and the backup battery pack maintain a hot standby state when the power grid is normal, and can quickly switch to avoid power interruption in case of failure; the backup power modules of adjacent energy storage cabinets are interconnected through mirror redundancy links. When the backup battery pack in a single cabinet fails, the corresponding backup battery pack in the adjacent cabinet can automatically take over, realizing “one cabinet failure does not affect the system”; the intelligent scheduling unit can also switch between individual power supply or unified power supply mode in real time according to the load level and power grid status, adapting to low load long endurance and high impact load scenarios.

[0017] (2) Through the collaborative design of the pre-synchronization module and the health assessment unit, the stability and response speed of the backup battery pack switching are significantly improved. The pre-synchronization module monitors and fine-tunes the backup battery pack voltage in real time to avoid inrush current during switching; the health assessment unit continuously collects core data of the battery pack and scores it, and marks the battery pack with poor health status in advance, and sets its corresponding backup battery pack as hot standby, so that the switching time is shortened to the millisecond level, ensuring the continuity and reliability of power supply. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage cabinet of the present invention; Figure 3This is a flowchart illustrating the workflow of the present invention under normal power grid conditions. Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the workflow of the present invention during power grid anomalies. Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating the process of supplying power to the backup battery or adjacent energy storage cabinet of this invention; Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the pre-synchronization module workflow of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection between the battery pack and the backup battery pack of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0020] First implementation method: Please see Figure 1 - Figure 5 and Figure 7 An emergency power supply system for batteries used in power systems includes a charging module, a dispatching module, an energy storage management module, a circuit breaker module, and a battery detection module. The energy storage management module includes multiple energy storage cabinets connected to the power grid. Each energy storage cabinet is equipped with multiple battery packs and a backup power module. The backup power module contains backup battery packs that are matched with each battery pack. When the power grid is normal, the battery pack is set to hot standby mode. When the power grid or charging module malfunctions, the battery pack supplies power to the DC bus, and the protection power module is set to hot standby mode. The battery in hot standby mode remains powered on and operates in float charging mode, without actively participating in the current power supply. When needed, it can quickly switch to the operating mode to supply power to the DC bus.

[0021] Each battery pack also includes the following management operations: Online grouping and capacity assessment of battery packs: Supports manual / automatic capacity assessment. During capacity assessment, the anti-reverse charging device is activated, and the voltage and temperature data of individual batteries are recorded. After discharge, the battery is automatically fully charged, and then the next group of capacity assessments is started. The capacity assessment status is displayed by indicator lights on the cabinet.

[0022] Battery group activation: According to the preset cycle or manual triggering, each group is subjected to short-term shallow charge and discharge to activate the sulfation material on the plates; during the activation process, the standby battery group temporarily takes over the power supply to the corresponding load.

[0023] Battery group voltage balancing: It adopts a combination of active and passive balancing methods. Active balancing achieves inter-group voltage balance by controlling the charging and discharging of groups through the scheduling module, while passive balancing achieves voltage balance of individual cells within a group through the built-in discharge resistor of the battery detection module.

[0024] The charging module is used to charge the battery pack and the backup battery pack; The scheduling module is used to manage the operation of each energy storage cabinet and the backup power module in the energy storage cabinet. The backup power modules in adjacent energy storage cabinets are interconnected, and each backup battery pack in the backup power module forms a mirrored redundant link with a backup battery pack in another backup power module. When any backup battery in a protective power module fails, the backup battery in a neighboring protective power module takes over the power supply, forming a cross-cabinet dynamic redundancy mechanism. During normal system operation: the grid provides equalizing and floating charging power to the battery banks through the charging module, simultaneously supplying power to the DC system load. The protective power modules are in hot standby mode, and the mirrored redundant links remain in an activated state. When the grid is abnormal but the battery banks are functioning normally: the dispatch module automatically switches to the battery bank power supply mode, and the energy storage management module initiates either individual or unified power supply modes based on the load level. The protective power modules monitor the battery bank status in real time.

[0025] After the protection power module is activated: it continuously monitors the bus voltage, maintains the output voltage at 95% of the system's nominal voltage, and activates the cross-cabinet dynamic redundancy mechanism to ensure that the switchover is completed within 0.5 seconds in case of a fault.

[0026] When the battery packs in the energy storage cabinet are called up, the intelligent dispatching unit executes the individual power supply or unified power supply mode in real time according to the load level and grid status. In the individual power supply mode, the intelligent dispatching unit activates each battery pack in sequence according to the preset time sequence. When the battery pack in the previous time sequence is supplying power, the battery pack in the next time sequence is set to hot standby state, ready to respond to the next time sequence command. When a battery fails, the backup battery pack in the corresponding protection power module is activated to perform seamless freewheeling and DC bus voltage maintenance. Under the unified power supply mode, the intelligent dispatching unit simultaneously activates all battery banks and simultaneously triggers the backup battery banks in all protection power modules to enter hot standby mode, ensuring that when any battery bank suddenly disconnects, the corresponding backup battery bank takes over the current, continues the current, and maintains the DC bus voltage stability.

[0027] The battery detection module periodically checks the effectiveness of the battery pack and the backup battery pack. When any battery pack fails, the corresponding backup battery pack is triggered to take over the power supply. If the backup battery pack also fails, the system automatically switches to the corresponding backup battery pack in the neighboring cabinet's protection power module based on the mirrored redundancy link. When the corresponding backup battery pack in the neighboring cabinet also fails, a two-level scheduling is performed according to the power supply mode: in the individual power supply mode, the remaining backup battery packs in the same cabinet are called to take over the power supply in order of priority; in the unified power supply mode, all remaining valid backup battery packs in the cabinet are activated to share the fault load.

[0028] When the battery detection module performs effectiveness testing, it verifies the battery's load capacity: first, it verifies whether the battery can bear the normal load of the DC system under normal operating conditions; then, it performs impact load testing: it simulates the impact current of multiple circuit breakers tripping or closing simultaneously, monitors the bus voltage fluctuation and voltage drop, and tests the power supply stability of the battery pack under impact conditions.

[0029] The output terminals of the battery pack, backup battery pack, and protection power module are all equipped with circuit breakers connected to the circuit breaker module. The circuit breaker module is used to ensure instantaneous continuity and fault isolation of the switching path when the backup battery pack is taken over across cabinets.

[0030] During normal grid operation, the charging module continuously replenishes the battery banks in each energy storage cabinet. The energy storage management module maintains the battery banks in a hot standby state, while the backup battery banks in the protection power module are simultaneously in a low-power standby mode. The battery detection module performs basic voltage and internal resistance checks on all battery banks and backup battery banks every 2 hours and uploads the data to the status monitoring interface of the dispatch module. When the grid experiences a sudden power outage or the voltage drops to a preset threshold (such as below 85% of the rated voltage), the dispatch module immediately determines that the grid is abnormal and triggers the battery banks to switch from hot standby to power supply mode. If the current mode is sequential power supply, the intelligent dispatch unit activates the corresponding battery banks according to load priority (such as control circuit loads taking precedence over auxiliary equipment loads) and outputs a stable current to the DC bus through the circuit breaker module. If the current mode is unified power supply, the circuit breakers at the output terminals of all battery banks are closed simultaneously, forming a parallel power supply pattern for multiple battery banks to meet the needs of high-load scenarios.

[0031] During operation, if the battery detection module discovers during a load capacity verification that a battery pack in an energy storage cabinet cannot handle the normal load (e.g., the voltage remains below 10.5V during discharge), it immediately sends a fault signal to the dispatch module (hereinafter referred to as battery pack No. 3). The dispatch module first triggers the corresponding backup battery pack (backup battery No. 3 in the protection power module), whose output circuit breaker instantly closes, seamlessly taking over power supply, while simultaneously disconnecting the circuit breaker of the faulty battery pack to achieve isolation.

[0032] If the No. 3 backup battery also fails to output normally due to excessive internal resistance (e.g., internal resistance exceeding the set value of 20mΩ), the scheduling module will call the No. 3 backup battery in the adjacent energy storage cabinet's protective power module according to the mirrored redundant link. Through the instantaneous conduction of the cross-cabinet circuit breaker, the backup battery in the adjacent cabinet will be connected to the fault circuit to maintain voltage stability.

[0033] If the backup battery #3 in the adjacent cabinet also fails, the system enters a secondary scheduling mode: In the individual power supply mode, the scheduling unit activates backup batteries #1 and #2 in the same cabinet according to priority, and takes over the faulty load in turn; in the unified power supply mode, all remaining effective backup battery groups in the entire cabinet are activated, and the current is shared collaboratively through current sharing control to avoid overload of a single battery group.

[0034] When a backup battery pack (such as backup battery #2) within the protection power module fails, the corresponding backup battery #2 in the adjacent cabinet will automatically enter dynamic redundancy mode, taking over the takeover task when its corresponding battery pack fails. For example, if backup battery #2 in cabinet A fails, backup battery #2 in cabinet B will be marked as a "cross-cabinet redundancy unit" by the scheduling module. When battery pack #2 in cabinet A fails, backup battery #2 in cabinet B will directly switch power supply through the redundant link without waiting for other backup batteries in cabinet A to activate.

[0035] Once the power grid returns to normal, the dispatch module first disconnects the power supply circuit of the battery pack through the circuit breaker module, and then starts the charging module to charge the battery pack and the backup battery pack in constant current-constant voltage mode until all batteries are restored to full capacity. The system then returns to the initial state of grid power supply and battery hot standby.

[0036] The advantages of this implementation are as follows: A three-layer protection architecture of "battery pack + backup power module + cross-cabinet mirror redundancy" achieves high reliability for emergency power supply. First, the hot standby design allows the battery pack and backup battery pack to switch quickly in case of grid anomalies, avoiding power outages. Second, the cross-cabinet dynamic redundancy link breaks the limitations of single-cabinet failures; even if all backup battery packs in a certain energy storage cabinet fail, the mirror backup battery packs in adjacent cabinets can still take over in time, achieving the goal of "one cabinet failure does not affect the system." Finally, the intelligent dispatching unit flexibly switches power supply modes according to load levels. Individual power supply modes are suitable for low-load, long-endurance scenarios, while a unified power supply mode meets the needs of high-impact loads. Combined with real-time monitoring and load capacity verification by the battery detection module, the system can accurately respond to various faults, providing uninterrupted and stable emergency power support for the DC load of the power system.

[0037] Second implementation method: Please see Figures 1-6 A pre-synchronization module is installed between the circuit breaker of the backup battery pack and the DC bus. The pre-synchronization module is used to monitor the voltage of the backup battery pack in real time and make fine adjustments through a controllable resistor or a small current source. The pre-synchronization circuit monitors the voltage of the backup battery pack in real time and fine-tunes it to ensure that the voltage difference with the bus is less than 1%, so as to ensure that there is no inrush current when the circuit breaker is closed (the connection relationship of the pre-synchronization module is not shown in the figure, and the pre-synchronization module is installed between the circuit breaker and the DC bus by those skilled in the art according to the existing technology).

[0038] The battery detection module is connected to a health assessment unit. The health assessment unit continuously collects core data from each battery pack and performs assessments based on the core data. Based on the scoring results, battery packs with poor health status are marked, and then the corresponding backup battery pack is set to hot standby status.

[0039] The working process of this embodiment is as follows: When the power grid experiences a voltage drop or interruption, the battery pack provides power. During the battery pack's power supply, if the battery detection module detects that a battery pack has failed and its corresponding backup battery pack needs to take over, the pre-synchronization module of that backup battery pack is triggered to start. The pre-synchronization module collects the DC bus voltage and the output voltage of the backup battery pack in real time. It calculates the difference between the two using a built-in voltage comparison algorithm. If the difference is greater than 0.5%, a controllable resistor array is activated to fine-tune the output voltage of the backup battery pack. For example, when the bus voltage is 220V and the backup battery pack voltage is 218V, the pre-synchronization module gradually reduces the resistance of the series resistor, linearly increasing the backup battery pack voltage to 219.89V (0.05% difference from the bus voltage). If the backup battery pack voltage is higher than the bus voltage, a small current source is used to briefly discharge the backup battery pack until the voltage difference meets the requirements. After pre-synchronization is completed, the circuit breaker receives a closing signal and completes the switching in no more than 1ms. At this time, the backup battery pack supplies power to the DC bus through the redundant link. The entire process has no significant current surge, avoiding damage to the bus load.

[0040] Meanwhile, the health assessment unit continuously collects core data from each battery pack during system operation, including the voltage, internal resistance, charge-discharge cycle count, and temperature change curve of each individual cell. For example, if the internal resistance of the A1 backup battery pack in cabinet A increases by more than 15% and the minimum voltage of each individual cell falls below 1.8V during three consecutive charge-discharge cycles, the health assessment unit will lower its health score from 90 to 55 and mark it as "pending maintenance".

[0041] At this time, the scheduling module automatically sets the B1 backup battery pack in cabinet B as hot standby: the backup battery pack keeps the battery management system powered on, the circuit breaker in a pre-activated state, and the pre-synchronization module between it and the bus continuously monitors the voltage difference to ensure that it can be switched at any time.

[0042] When the A1 backup battery pack in cabinet A fails to supply power due to a fault, the B1 backup battery pack in cabinet B, which is in hot standby mode, does not need to wait for the pre-synchronization process (the voltage difference has been maintained at <1%). The circuit breaker closes directly, and the switching time is shortened to less than 0.5ms, ensuring the continuity of power supply to the load.

[0043] Once the power grid returns to normal, the dispatch module first sends a disconnect command to the circuit breaker of the backup battery pack. After the backup battery pack is completely disconnected from the bus, the charging module is then started. The charging module first charges each battery pack in constant current mode: for example, for a 100Ah battery pack, it charges at a constant current of 10A until the voltage of a single cell reaches 2.4V; then it switches to constant voltage mode, maintaining a charging voltage of 2.4V until the charging current drops below 0.5A, at which point it is determined that the battery pack has recovered to full capacity.

[0044] After charging is completed, the health assessment unit will re-collect data from each battery pack. If the internal resistance of a battery pack originally marked as "under maintenance" returns to the normal range and the voltage stabilizes after charging, the marking will be removed, and the corresponding backup battery pack will switch from hot standby to regular standby. The system will then return to the initial operating mode of grid power supply and battery hot standby.

[0045] The advantages of this implementation are as follows: Through the collaborative design of the pre-synchronization module and the health assessment unit, it solves the inrush current problem during backup battery switching and achieves dynamic monitoring of battery health status and rapid hot standby response. The voltage fine-tuning mechanism of the pre-synchronization module ensures voltage matching accuracy at the moment of circuit breaker closure, avoiding arcing and current fluctuations during traditional mechanical switch switching, effectively protecting sensitive loads on the DC bus. The health assessment unit, based on a multi-dimensional core data scoring system, can identify potentially faulty battery packs in advance and compress switching time to milliseconds through the hot standby mechanism, significantly improving the system's power supply reliability. This integrated design of "pre-synchronization + health assessment + hot standby" enables the system to have superior response speed and stability when dealing with grid fluctuations, making it particularly suitable for scenarios in power systems with extremely high requirements for power supply continuity, such as emergency power supply guarantees for critical loads like substation monitoring systems and communication base stations.

[0046] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention; it encompasses all the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solutions and improved concepts of the present invention, should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery emergency power supply system for a power system, comprising a charging module, a dispatching module, an energy storage management module, a circuit breaker module, and a battery detection module; the energy storage management module includes multiple energy storage cabinets connected to the power grid, each of the energy storage cabinets being equipped with a backup power module and multiple battery banks, the backup power module being equipped with multiple backup battery banks respectively matched to each of the battery banks, wherein the multiple backup battery banks are configured in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple battery banks; the charging module is used to charge the battery banks and backup battery banks, characterized in that: The scheduling module is used to manage the operation of each energy storage cabinet and the backup power module in the energy storage cabinet. The backup power modules in adjacent energy storage cabinets are interconnected, and each backup battery pack in the backup power module forms a mirrored redundant link with a backup battery pack in another backup power module. When the battery packs in the energy storage cabinet are called, the intelligent scheduling unit will execute the power supply mode of one-by-one power supply or unified power supply mode in real time according to the load level and grid status. The battery detection module periodically checks the effectiveness of the battery pack and the backup battery pack. When any battery pack fails, the corresponding backup battery pack is triggered to take over the power supply. If the backup battery pack also fails, the system automatically switches to the corresponding backup battery pack in the neighboring cabinet's protection power module based on the mirrored redundancy link. When the corresponding backup battery pack in the neighboring cabinet also fails, a two-level scheduling is performed according to the power supply mode: in the individual power supply mode, the remaining backup battery packs in the same cabinet are called to take over the power supply in order of priority; in the unified power supply mode, all remaining effective backup battery packs in the cabinet are activated to share the fault load. When the power grid is normal, the battery pack is set to hot standby mode; when the power grid is abnormal, the battery pack switches to power supply mode, and the protection power module is set to hot standby mode.

2. The battery emergency power supply system for a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When any of the backup battery packs in the protection power module fails, the backup battery pack in the adjacent protection power module will take over the power supply task.

3. The battery emergency power supply system for a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the individual power supply mode, the intelligent scheduling unit activates each battery pack in sequence according to a preset time sequence. When a battery fails, it activates the backup battery pack in the corresponding protection power module to perform seamless current relay and DC bus voltage maintenance. Under the unified power supply mode, the intelligent dispatching unit simultaneously activates all battery banks and simultaneously triggers the backup battery banks in all protection power modules to enter hot standby mode, ensuring that when any battery bank suddenly disconnects, the corresponding backup battery bank takes over the current, continues the current, and maintains the DC bus voltage stability.

4. A battery emergency power supply system for a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When performing effectiveness testing, the battery detection module verifies the battery's load capacity: first, it verifies whether the battery can bear the normal load of the DC system under normal operating conditions; then, it performs impact load testing: simulating the impact current of multiple circuit breakers tripping or closing simultaneously, monitoring bus voltage fluctuations and voltage drops, and detecting the power supply stability of the battery pack under impact conditions.

5. A battery emergency power supply system for a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output terminals of the battery pack, the backup battery pack, and the protection power module are all equipped with circuit breakers connected to the circuit breaker module. The circuit breaker module is used to ensure instantaneous continuity and fault isolation of the switching path when the backup battery pack is taken over across cabinets.

6. A battery emergency power supply system for a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pre-synchronization module is installed between the circuit breaker of the backup battery pack and the DC bus. The pre-synchronization module is used to monitor the voltage of the backup battery pack and the voltage of the DC bus in real time, and to fine-tune the voltage of the backup battery pack by means of a controllable resistor or a small current source so that the voltage difference between the backup battery pack and the bus is less than 1%.

7. A battery emergency power supply system for a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery detection module is connected to a health assessment unit, which continuously collects core data from each battery pack and performs assessments based on the core data. Based on the scoring results, battery packs with poor health are marked, and the corresponding backup battery packs are set to hot standby status.

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