An electrospun nanofiber membrane, and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of nanomaterials, and particularly relates to an electrospun nanofiber membrane, its preparation method, and its applications. The electrospun nanofiber membrane provided by this invention is prepared by electrospinning a spinning solution containing polyurethane, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and Tb(BA)3phen. By optimizing the composition of the electrospinning solution, especially by doping with the functional material Tb(BA)3phen, this invention enables the membrane material to acquire a large number of triboelectric charge trapping sites, reducing charge dissipation and increasing the accumulation of triboelectric charge; simultaneously, it endows the membrane material with good flexibility, stretchability, and hydrophobicity. The electrospun nanofiber membrane provided by this invention combines excellent flexibility and high triboelectric output performance, showing promising application prospects in the field of triboelectric nanogenerators.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of nanomaterials, and particularly relates to an electrospun nanofiber membrane, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), as an emerging energy harvesting technology, can convert widely distributed mechanical energy in the environment into electrical energy, showing great application potential in wearable electronic devices, self-powered sensing systems, and the Internet of Things. Their core functional layers are typically composed of flexible polymer materials with significant triboelectric polarization characteristics. Electrospinning technology, due to its ability to prepare nanofiber membranes with high specific surface area, tunable pore structure, and good flexibility, is considered one of the ideal processes for preparing high-performance TENG functional layers.

[0003] Currently, research on the preparation of triboelectric nanofiber membranes based on electrospinning technology has made some progress. For example, MXene-functionalized PVDF composite nanofiber membranes were prepared using electrospinning technology and assembled with nylon 66 nanofiber membranes to form triboelectric nanofibers (TENGs). The introduction of conductive MXene significantly improved the dielectric constant and surface charge density of the PVDF nanofibers, resulting in a significant improvement in the output performance of the TENG. TENGs constructed based on electrospun nanomaterials not only possess high output performance but also exhibit excellent properties such as flexibility, air permeability, and hydrophobicity. These TENGs have important application value in fields such as flexible electronic skin, smart wearable devices, and energy harvesting. However, conventional electrospun nanofiber membranes prepared using existing technologies still face several significant technical bottlenecks when used in TENGs. First, their triboelectric properties are insufficient: most conventional electrospun membranes have limited surface charge density and charge retention capacity. Their triboelectric properties mainly depend on the intrinsic properties of the material, lacking effective microstructure design and performance enhancement methods. For example, the smooth surface of the fiber and the limited increase in specific surface area result in low triboelectric contact efficiency. Simultaneously, the material's charge trapping capacity is insufficient, and the dissipation of triboelectric charges into the air causes charge loss, ultimately leading to low energy output (such as open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current), making it difficult to meet the requirements of efficient energy harvesting. Secondly, the material's flexibility is poor: many high-performance triboelectric polymer matrices lack sufficient flexibility and stretchability after film formation, making them prone to cracking or functional layer detachment under repeated bending, stretching, or torsion, limiting the comfort and long-term durability of TENGs in wearable devices.

[0004] Therefore, developing an electrospun nanofiber membrane that combines excellent flexibility and high triboelectric output performance is of great significance for promoting the practical application of high-performance TENGs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrospun nanofiber membrane, its preparation method and application, wherein the electrospun nanofiber membrane provided by the present invention has both excellent flexibility and high triboelectric output performance.

[0006] This invention provides an electrospun nanofiber membrane, which is made by electrospinning from a spinning solution containing polyurethane, polyvinylpyrrolidone and Tb(BA)3phen.

[0007] Preferably, the number-average molecular weight of the polyurethane is 50k~150k g / mol.

[0008] Preferably, the number-average molecular weight of the polyvinylpyrrolidone is 800k~2000k g / mol.

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of the polyurethane, polyvinylpyrrolidone and Tb(BA)3phen is (40~80):(4~9):1.

[0010] Preferably, the spinning solution also contains N,N-dimethylformamide and / or dichloromethane.

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide to the total mass of polyurethane, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and Tb(BA)3phen is (1~4):1; and the mass ratio of dichloromethane to the total mass of polyurethane, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and Tb(BA)3phen is (2~5):1.

[0012] This invention provides a method for preparing the electrospun nanofiber membrane described above, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Electrospun nanofiber membranes were obtained by electrospinning using a spinning solution containing polyurethane, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and Tb(BA)3phen.

[0014] Preferably, the distance between the spinneret tip and the receiver in the electrospinning is 10~20cm; the voltage of the electrospinning is 10~15kV; the ambient humidity of the electrospinning is 20~35%; and the ambient temperature of the electrospinning is 20~30℃.

[0015] The present invention provides a triboelectric nanogenerator, comprising two mating friction plates, wherein at least one of the friction plates has an electrospun nanofiber membrane as described in the above technical solution or an electrospun nanofiber membrane prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution on its surface.

[0016] Preferably, the surface of another friction pad is provided with a PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, this invention provides an electrospun nanofiber membrane, its preparation method, and its applications. The electrospun nanofiber membrane provided by this invention is prepared by electrospinning a spinning solution containing polyurethane, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and Tb(BA)3phen. By optimizing the composition of the electrospinning solution, especially by doping with the functional material Tb(BA)3phen, this invention enables the membrane material to acquire a large number of triboelectric charge trapping sites, reducing charge dissipation and increasing the accumulation of triboelectric charge; simultaneously, it endows the membrane material with good flexibility, stretchability, and hydrophobicity. The electrospun nanofiber membrane provided by this invention combines excellent flexibility and high triboelectric output performance, showing promising application prospects in the field of triboelectric nanogenerators. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a SEM image of the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane provided in Example 1 of this invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a thickness test diagram of the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a SEM image of the PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a thickness test diagram of the PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a water contact angle test diagram of the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a tensile property test diagram of the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a flexibility test diagram of the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8This is a flexibility test diagram of the PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is the output current diagram of the triboelectric nanogenerator provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] This invention provides an electrospun nanofiber membrane, which is made by electrospinning from a spinning solution containing polyurethane, polyvinylpyrrolidone and Tb(BA)3phen.

[0030] In the electrospun nanofiber membrane provided by this invention, the number-average molecular weight of the polyurethane in the spinning solution is preferably 50kJ / mol to 150kJ / mol, specifically 50kJ / mol, 60kJ / mol, 70kJ / mol, 80kJ / mol, 90kJ / mol, 100kJ / mol, 110kJ / mol, 120kJ / mol, 130kJ / mol, 140kJ / mol, or 150kJ / mol; the number-average molecular weight of the polyvinylpyrrolidone in the spinning solution is preferably 800kJ / mol to 2000kJ / mol, specifically 800kJ / mol, 900kJ / mol, 1000kJ / mol, 1100kJ / mol, 1200kJ / mol, 1300kJ / mol, 1400kJ / mol, 1500kJ / mol, 1600kJ / mol, 1700kJ / mol, or 1800kJ / mol. g / mol, 1900k g / mol, or 2000k g / mol.

[0031] In the electrospun nanofiber membrane provided by the present invention, the preferred mass ratio of polyurethane, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and Tb(BA)3phen in the spinning solution is (40~80):(4~9):1; wherein, the specific mass ratio of polyurethane to Tb(BA)3phen can be 40:1, 45:1, 50:1, 55:1, 60:1, 65:1, 70:1, 75:1, or 80:1; the specific mass ratio of polyvinylpyrrolidone to Tb(BA)3phen can be 4:1, 4.5:1, 5:1, 5.5:1, 6:1, 6.5:1, 6.6:1, 6.7:1, 7:1, 7.5:1, 8:1, 8.5:1, or 9:1.

[0032] In the electrospun nanofiber membrane provided by the present invention, the spinning solution preferably further contains N,N-dimethylformamide and / or dichloromethane; wherein, the mass ratio of the N,N-dimethylformamide to the total mass of the polyurethane, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and Tb(BA)3phen is preferably (1~4):1, specifically 1:1, 1.2:1, 1.5:1, 1.7:1, 2:1, 2.3:1, 2.5:1, 2.7:1. The mass ratio of dichloromethane to the total mass of polyurethane, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and Tb(BA)3phen is preferably (2~5):1, specifically 2:1, 2.3:1, 2.5:1, 2.7:1, 3:1, 3.2:1, 3.5:1, 3.7:1, 4:1, 4.2:1, 4.5:1, 4.7:1, or 5:1.

[0033] In the electrospun nanofiber membrane provided by the present invention, the fiber diameter of the electrospun nanofiber membrane is preferably 500~1500nm, specifically 500nm, 600nm, 700nm, 800nm, 900nm, 1000nm, 1100nm, 1200nm, 1300nm, 1400nm or 1500nm.

[0034] In the electrospun nanofiber membrane provided by the present invention, the thickness of the electrospun nanofiber membrane is preferably 100~300μm, specifically it can be 100μm, 110μm, 120μm, 130μm, 140μm, 150μm, 160μm, 170μm, 180μm, 190μm, 200μm, 210μm, 220μm, 223μm, 230μm, 240μm, 250μm, 260μm, 270μm, 280μm, 290μm or 300μm.

[0035] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the electrospun nanofiber membrane described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0036] Electrospun nanofiber membranes were obtained by electrospinning using a spinning solution containing polyurethane, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and Tb(BA)3phen.

[0037] In the preparation method provided by the present invention, the composition of the spinning solution has been described above and will not be repeated here.

[0038] In the preparation method provided by the present invention, the receiver for electrospinning is preferably an aluminum roller.

[0039] In the preparation method provided by the present invention, the distance between the tip of the spinneret and the receiver of the electrospinning is preferably 10~20cm, specifically 10cm, 11cm, 12cm, 13cm, 14cm, 15cm, 16cm, 17cm, 18cm, 19cm or 20cm.

[0040] In the preparation method provided by the present invention, the spinning solution is pushed to the tip of the spinneret by a syringe. The preferred propulsion speed of the spinning solution is 0.5~2 mL / h, specifically 0.5 mL / h, 0.6 mL / h, 0.7 mL / h, 0.8 mL / h, 0.9 mL / h, 1 mL / h, 1.1 mL / h, 1.2 mL / h, 1.3 mL / h, 1.4 mL / h, 1.5 mL / h, 1.6 mL / h, 1.7 mL / h, 1.8 mL / h, 1.9 mL / h, or 2 mL / h.

[0041] In the preparation method provided by the present invention, a voltage is applied between the spinneret and the receiver during the electrospinning process. The voltage is preferably 10~15kV, and may specifically be 10kV, 10.5kV, 11kV, 11.5kV, 12kV, 12.5kV, 13kV, 13.5kV, 14kV, 14.5kV or 15kV.

[0042] In the preparation method provided by the present invention, the ambient humidity of the electrospinning environment is preferably 20-35%, specifically 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34% or 35%.

[0043] In the preparation method provided by the present invention, the ambient temperature of electrospinning is preferably 20~30℃, specifically 20℃, 21℃, 22℃, 23℃, 24℃, 25℃, 26℃, 27℃, 28℃, 29℃ or 30℃.

[0044] In the preparation method provided by the present invention, the electrospinning time is preferably 4 to 8 hours, specifically 4 hours, 4.5 hours, 5 hours, 5.5 hours, 6 hours, 6.5 hours, 7 hours, 7.5 hours or 8 hours.

[0045] The present invention also provides a triboelectric nanogenerator, comprising two mating friction plates, wherein at least one of the friction plates has an electrospun nanofiber membrane as described in the above technical solution or an electrospun nanofiber membrane prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution on its surface.

[0046] In the triboelectric nanogenerator provided by the present invention, the surface of another friction plate is preferably provided with a PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane.

[0047] In the triboelectric nanogenerator provided by the present invention, the PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane is preferably made by electrospinning from a spinning solution containing polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).

[0048] In the triboelectric nanogenerator provided by this invention, the number-average molecular weight of polyvinylidene fluoride in the spinning solution used to prepare the PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane is preferably 100kJ / mol to 800kJ / mol, specifically 100kJ / mol, 150kJ / mol, 200kJ / mol, 250kJ / mol, 300kJ / mol, 350kJ / mol, 400kJ / mol, 450kJ / mol, 500kJ / mol, 550kJ / mol, 600kJ / mol, 650kJ / mol, 700kJ / mol, 750kJ / mol, or 800kJ / mol; the number-average molecular weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone in the spinning solution is preferably 800kJ / mol to 2000kJ / mol, specifically 800kJ / mol, 900kJ / mol, 1000kJ / mol, 1100kJ / mol, or 1200kJ / mol. g / mol, 1300k g / mol, 1400k g / mol, 1500kg / mol, 1600k g / mol, 1700k g / mol, 1800k g / mol, 1900k g / mol or 2000k g / mol.

[0049] In the triboelectric nanogenerator provided by the present invention, the mass ratio of polyvinylidene fluoride and polyvinylpyrrolidone in the spinning solution used to prepare the PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane is preferably 2:(0.1~1), specifically 2:0.1, 2:0.2, 2:0.3, 2:0.4, 2:0.5, 2:0.6, 2:0.7, 2:0.8, 2:0.9 or 2:1.

[0050] In the triboelectric nanogenerator provided by the present invention, the spinning solution used to prepare the PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane preferably also contains N,N-dimethylformamide and / or acetone; wherein, the mass ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide to polyvinylidene fluoride is preferably (2~6):2, specifically 2:2, 2.5:2, 3:2, 3.5:2, 4:2, 4.5:2, 5:2, 5.5:2 or 6:2; the mass ratio of acetone to polyvinylidene fluoride is preferably (1~5):2, specifically 1:2, 1.5:2, 2:2, 2.5:2, 3:2, 3.5:2, 4:2, 4.5:2 or 5:2.

[0051] In the triboelectric nanogenerator provided by this invention, the electrospinning conditions for preparing the PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane can be referred to the electrospinning nanofiber membrane described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0052] In the triboelectric nanogenerator provided by the present invention, the fiber diameter of the PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane is preferably 0.3~0.9μm, specifically 0.3μm, 0.35μm, 0.4μm, 0.45μm, 0.5μm, 0.55μm, 0.6μm, 0.65μm, 0.7μm, 0.75μm, 0.8μm, 0.85μm or 0.9μm.

[0053] In the triboelectric nanogenerator provided by the present invention, the thickness of the PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane is preferably 100~300μm, specifically 100μm, 110μm, 120μm, 130μm, 140μm, 150μm, 160μm, 170μm, 180μm, 190μm, 200μm, 210μm, 220μm, 230μm, 240μm, 250μm, 260μm, 270μm, 280μm, 290μm or 300μm.

[0054] For clarity, the following examples provide a detailed description. In the examples of the present invention, the polyurethane used has a number-average molecular weight of 90 kg / mol, the polyvinylidene fluoride used has a number-average molecular weight of 400 kg / mol, the polyvinylpyrrolidone used has a number-average molecular weight of 1300 kg / mol, and the terbium oxide, benzoic acid, o-phenanthroline, dichloromethane, acetone, N,N-dimethylformamide, etc., used are all commercially available analytical grade products, and the deionized water used is prepared in the laboratory.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] (1) Preparation of Tb(BA)3phen:

[0057] 1.8650 g of Tb4O7 was dissolved in 15 mL of concentrated nitric acid and heated to dryness to obtain Tb(NO3)3 crystals. 20 mL of anhydrous ethanol was added to prepare an ethanol solution of Tb(NO3)3. 3.6640 g of benzoic acid and 1.8000 g of o-phenanthroline (phen) were added to 200 mL of anhydrous ethanol to prepare a mixed ligand solution. The ethanol solution of Tb(NO3)3 was added dropwise to the mixed ligand solution while stirring continuously. Concentrated NH3·H2O was added to adjust the pH to between 6.5 and 7.0. The mixture was heated to 60 °C and reacted for 3 h. The resulting precipitate was washed three times with water and ethanol, and finally dried in a drying oven at 60 °C for 12 h to obtain Tb(BA)3phen.

[0058] (2) Preparation of spinning solution:

[0059] 3.600g of polyurethane (TPU), 0.06g of Tb(BA)3phen and 0.40g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were placed in an Erlenmeyer flask, and 10.00g of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and 14.00g of dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) were added. The mixture was stirred continuously at room temperature for 1 hour to obtain spinning solution 1.

[0060] Add 2.00g of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) to a mixed solvent of 4.00g of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and 3.00g of acetone, and stir at 50°C for 30min until the PVDF is completely dissolved; then add 0.60g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and stir at room temperature for 12h to obtain spinning solution 2.

[0061] (3) Preparation of TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membranes and PVDF / PVP nanofiber membranes:

[0062] A 250µL plastic needle was selected as the spinneret. 6mL of spinning solution 1 was placed in a 10mL plastic syringe. An aluminum roller was selected as the receiver. The spinning voltage applied between the spinneret and the receiver was 13kV. The spinning distance between the receiver and the tip of the spinneret was set to 15cm. The feed rate was 1mL / h, the humidity was 25~30%, and the temperature was 25~27℃. After about 6 hours, the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane was successfully prepared.

[0063] Using the same method, electrospinning solution 2 was performed to obtain PVDF / PVP nanofiber membranes.

[0064] (4) Assembly of the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG):

[0065] First, the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane was cut into 3cm×3cm squares. Then, an equal area of ​​double-sided conductive adhesive was taken, and the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane was adhered to one side of the conductive adhesive, while the other side of the conductive adhesive was fixed to a glass plate. Similarly, the PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane was cut into 3cm×3cm squares, and an equal area of ​​double-sided conductive adhesive was taken and the PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane was adhered to one side of it, while the other side of the conductive adhesive was fixed to a glass plate. The two glass plates were then assembled to construct the TENG, whose basic working mode is vertical contact-separation mode.

[0066] (5) Performance characterization:

[0067] The TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane prepared in this embodiment was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the results are as follows: Figure 1 As shown. Figure 1 This is a SEM image of the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane provided in Example 1 of this invention. (The image is obtained through...) Figure 1 It can be seen that the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofibers are interconnected to form a network structure with a fiber diameter of 900 nm.

[0068] The thickness of the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane prepared in this embodiment was tested, and the results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown. Figure 2 This is a thickness test diagram of the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. (The last sentence appears to be incomplete and possibly refers to a different process.) Figure 2 It can be seen that the thickness of the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane is 223 μm.

[0069] The PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane prepared in this embodiment was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the results are as follows: Figure 3 As shown. Figure 3 This is a SEM image of the PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 3 It can be seen that the PVDF / PVP nanofibers have a smooth surface and uniform size, with a fiber diameter of 0.65±0.14μm.

[0070] The thickness of the PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane prepared in this embodiment was tested, and the results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown. Figure 4 This is a thickness test diagram of the PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. (The last sentence appears to be incomplete and possibly refers to a different process.) Figure 4 It can be seen that the thickness of the PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane is 190 μm.

[0071] The water contact angle of the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane prepared in this embodiment was tested, and the results are as follows: Figure 5 As shown. Figure 5 This is a water contact angle test diagram of the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. (The diagram is obtained through...) Figure 5 It can be seen that the water contact angle of the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane is 124.7°, indicating that it is a hydrophobic material with certain moisture resistance.

[0072] The tensile properties of the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane prepared in this embodiment were tested, and the results are as follows: Figure 6 As shown. Figure 6 This is a tensile property test diagram of the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. (The last sentence appears to be incomplete and possibly refers to a different test.) Figure 6 It can be seen that the 1cm×5cm test strip can be stretched to 15cm without breakage or fracture, indicating that it has good tensile properties.

[0073] The flexibility of the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane prepared in this embodiment was tested, and the results are as follows: Figure 7 As shown. Figure 7 This is a flexibility test diagram of the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. (The last sentence appears to be incomplete and possibly refers to a different process.) Figure 7 It can be seen that the TPU / Tb(BA)3phen / PVP nanofiber membrane can be easily bent into a certain shape without breaking or breaking, indicating that it has good flexibility.

[0074] The flexibility of the PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane prepared in this embodiment was tested, and the results are as follows: Figure 8 As shown. Figure 8 This is a flexibility test diagram of the PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. (The diagram is obtained through...) Figure 8 It can be seen that the PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane can be easily bent into a certain shape without breaking or breaking, indicating that it has good flexibility.

[0075] The output current of the triboelectric nanogenerator assembled in this embodiment was tested. Its basic operating mode is vertical contact-separation mode, and the results are as follows: Figure 9 As shown. Figure 9 This is the output current diagram of the triboelectric nanogenerator provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. (The diagram is presented in the original text.) Figure 9 It can be seen that the triboelectric nanogenerator can continuously and stably output an output current of approximately 10.10 μA.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrospun nanofiber membrane, characterized in that, It is made by electrospinning from a spinning solution containing polyurethane, polyvinylpyrrolidone and Tb(BA)3phen.

2. The electrospun nanofiber membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number-average molecular weight of the polyurethane is 50k~150k g / mol.

3. The electrospun nanofiber membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number-average molecular weight of the polyvinylpyrrolidone is 800k~2000k g / mol.

4. The electrospun nanofiber membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the polyurethane, polyvinylpyrrolidone and Tb(BA)3phen is (40~80):(4~9):

1.

5. The electrospun nanofiber membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spinning solution also contains N,N-dimethylformamide and / or dichloromethane.

6. The electrospun nanofiber membrane according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the N,N-dimethylformamide to the total mass of the polyurethane, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and Tb(BA)3phen is (1~4):1; the mass ratio of the dichloromethane to the total mass of the polyurethane, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and Tb(BA)3phen is (2~5):

1.

7. A method for preparing an electrospun nanofiber membrane according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Electrospun nanofiber membranes were obtained by electrospinning using a spinning solution containing polyurethane, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and Tb(BA)3phen.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The distance between the spinneret tip and the receiver in the electrospinning process is 10-20 cm; the voltage of the electrospinning process is 10-15 kV; the ambient humidity of the electrospinning process is 20-35%; and the ambient temperature of the electrospinning process is 20-30℃.

9. A triboelectric nanogenerator, characterized in that, It includes two mating friction pads, and at least one of the friction pads has an electrospun nanofiber membrane as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 or an electrospun nanofiber membrane prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claims 7 to 8 on its surface.

10. The triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 9, characterized in that, Another friction pad has a PVDF / PVP nanofiber membrane disposed on its surface.

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