A loading device for simulating a telescoping wing transmission mechanism

Abstract

This invention discloses a loading device for simulating a telescopic wing transmission mechanism, comprising a telescopic wing motion simulation mechanism and a telescopic wing loading mechanism. The telescopic wing motion simulation mechanism includes a fixed base, a motor, a movable wing, and a linear bearing. The fixed base and the linear bearing are fixedly installed on a base platform. The motor is installed on the fixed base and drives the movable wing through a transmission mechanism. The movable wing is slidably installed on the linear bearing. The motor drives the movable wing to perform reciprocating linear motion along the linear bearing to simulate the extension and retraction process of the wing. The telescopic wing loading mechanism includes two sets of loading units respectively arranged on the extension side and the retraction side of the movable wing's movement stroke. Each set of loading units includes a fixed frame, a tray-pulley system, a hoist, and a load. The fixed frame is installed on the base platform, and the load is placed on the tray of the tray-pulley system. The tray-pulley system is connected to the movable wing through a steel cable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aerospace engineering technology, and specifically relates to a loading device for simulating the transmission mechanism of a telescopic wing. Background Technology

[0002] Retractable wings can adjust their wingspan during flight to optimize aerodynamic performance by adapting to different flight phases. When extending and retracting the wing in flight, the wing surface continuously experiences aerodynamic loads, which create significant drag along the wing's direction of motion. The wing's transmission mechanism must overcome these aerodynamic drags to ensure proper extension and retraction. Therefore, the transmission mechanism's traction control and durability are crucial indicators of a retractable wing's reliable operation in real-world flight environments. Thorough ground testing of the transmission mechanism is essential before a retractable wing is put into service.

[0003] However, ground-based testing cannot directly obtain the true aerodynamic load environment of airborne flight. While wind tunnel testing or flight tests can realistically replicate aerodynamic load conditions, they suffer from drawbacks such as high cost, long testing cycles, and poor flexibility in adjusting operating conditions. In particular, they are difficult to conveniently and repeatedly verify under harsh conditions such as fault conditions and overload conditions. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a loading device that can simulate the aerodynamic load drag experienced by a retractable wing during extension and retraction under ground conditions, in order to economically and efficiently verify the traction holding capacity and durability of the transmission mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a loading device for simulating the transmission mechanism of a telescopic wing, so as to solve the technical problems of the lack of loading means in the prior art that can effectively simulate the aerodynamic load drag during the telescopic wing's extension and retraction process in flight state on the ground, and the high cost, long cycle, poor flexibility of operating condition adjustment of existing wind tunnel tests or flight tests, which make it difficult to conduct convenient, economical and efficient repeated verification of various harsh operating conditions.

[0005] In a first aspect, a loading device for simulating a telescopic wing transmission mechanism includes a telescopic wing motion simulation mechanism and a telescopic wing loading mechanism; the telescopic wing motion simulation mechanism includes a fixed base, a motor, a movable wing, and a linear bearing; the fixed base and the linear bearing are fixedly mounted on a base platform; the motor is mounted on the fixed base and drives the movable wing through a transmission mechanism; the movable wing is slidably mounted on the linear bearing; the motor drives the movable wing to perform reciprocating linear motion along the linear bearing to simulate the extension and retraction process of the wing; the telescopic wing loading mechanism includes components respectively disposed on the movable wing... The wing has two sets of loading units on the extended and retracted sides of its movement. Each loading unit includes a fixed frame, a tray-pulley system, a hoist, and a load. The fixed frame is installed on the base platform, and the hoist is installed above the fixed frame. The load is placed on the tray of the tray-pulley system, which is connected to the wing via steel cables. This system is used to convert the weight of the load on the corresponding side into drag in the direction of the wing's movement when the wing moves in one direction, thus simulating the aerodynamic load drag experienced by the wing during its extension or retraction in flight.

[0006] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the loading device used to simulate the transmission mechanism of a telescopic wing: the movable wing is connected to the guide rail of the linear bearing by a ball bearing; a limit block is installed on the guide rail of the linear bearing, and the limit block is set at both ends of the travel of the guide rail to limit the range of motion of the movable wing.

[0007] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the loading device used to simulate the telescopic wing transmission mechanism described above: a displacement sensor and a force sensor are installed on the fixed base. The displacement sensor is used to acquire displacement data during the movement of the movable wing, and the force sensor is used to acquire force data during the operation of the transmission mechanism. A force sensor is installed between the steel cable and the movable wing to acquire the resistance data applied to the movable wing by the tray-pulley system in real time.

[0008] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the loading device used to simulate the transmission mechanism of a telescopic wing: when the direction of motion of the movable wing changes, the hoist on the same side as the new direction of motion lifts the load on the corresponding side to suspend it in the air to relieve the gravitational force of the load on the steel cable. The hoist on the other side lowers the load on the corresponding side so that its weight acts on the movable wing through the steel cable, thereby ensuring that only the load on the side opposite to the current direction of motion of the movable wing exerts resistance on the movable wing through the steel cable. When not lifting the load, the hoist maintains a connection with the load to safely hold the load in case the steel cable detaches or breaks.

[0009] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the loading device for simulating the telescopic wing transmission mechanism described above: at least two fixed pulleys are provided above the fixed frame, the steel cable is wound around the at least two fixed pulleys, and a counterweight is hung on the steel cable segment between the at least two fixed pulleys. The counterweight is used to keep the steel cable in a taut state when the loaded weight is lifted by the hoist without applying gravity to the steel cable.

[0010] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the loading device used to simulate the telescopic wing transmission mechanism described above: the transmission mechanism is connected to the movable wing via a movable pulley, and the motor drives the movable wing to move through the transmission mechanism and the movable pulley; the mounting positions of the motor and pulley on the fixed base are adjustable.

[0011] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the loading device used to simulate the telescopic wing transmission mechanism described above: the loading weight consists of multiple stackable weight units, and the amount of drag applied to the movable wing is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of the weight units; the base platform is an iron floor, and the fixing seat, the linear bearing and the fixing frame are all fixedly installed on the iron floor by bolts.

[0012] Secondly, the loading method of the loading device for simulating the transmission mechanism of a telescopic wing includes: an extension stroke loading step, in which the motor drives the movable wing to move along the linear bearing in the extension direction, and the loaded weight on the retracted side is lifted accordingly through the tray-pulley system and steel cable, the weight of the loaded weight being converted into a resistance opposite to the extension direction through the pulleys and steel cable; a retraction stroke loading step, in which the motor drives the movable wing to move along the linear bearing in the retraction direction, and the loaded weight on the extension side is lifted accordingly through the tray-pulley system and steel cable, the weight of the loaded weight being converted into a resistance opposite to the retraction direction through the pulleys and steel cable; the extension stroke loading step and the retraction stroke loading step are alternately and cyclically executed to conduct a durability verification test on the transmission mechanism.

[0013] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the above loading method, further: in the extension stroke loading step, after the movable wing extends to its position, the hoist on the retracted side is controlled to lift the loading weight on that side to relieve the gravity effect of the loading weight on the steel cable, while the hoist on the extension side is controlled to lower the loading weight on that side; in the retraction stroke loading step, after the movable wing retracts to its position, the hoist on the extension side is controlled to lift the loading weight on that side to relieve the gravity effect of the loading weight on the steel cable, while the hoist on the retracted side is controlled to lower the loading weight on that side.

[0014] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the above loading method, it is further stated that in the extension stroke loading step and / or the retraction stroke loading step, the magnitude of the drag applied to the movable wing is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of weight units in the loaded weight.

[0015] By setting up a telescopic wing motion simulation mechanism and a telescopic wing loading mechanism, a motor drives the movable wing to reciprocate linear motion along a linear bearing through a transmission mechanism to simulate the extension and retraction process of the wing. Loading units are set on the extension and retraction sides of the movable wing's motion stroke. Each loading unit converts the gravity of the loaded weight into resistance in the direction of the movable wing's motion through a tray-pulley system. Thus, the aerodynamic load resistance experienced by the telescopic wing during the extension and retraction process in flight can be simulated under ground conditions without relying on wind tunnel tests or flight tests. This significantly reduces test costs and shortens the test cycle, enabling economical and efficient ground verification of the transmission mechanism's traction holding capacity and durability.

[0016] By setting limit blocks at both ends of the linear bearing's guide rail stroke, the range of motion of the movable wing is effectively limited, preventing damage to the equipment caused by the wing's overtravel and improving test safety.

[0017] By installing displacement and force sensors on the fixed base and adding force sensors between the steel cable and the movable wing, it is possible to obtain real-time displacement data of the movable wing, force data of the transmission mechanism, and resistance data of the tray-pulley system applied to the movable wing, providing accurate data support for the evaluation of the traction holding capacity and durability of the transmission mechanism.

[0018] By alternately lifting and lowering the loads on the corresponding sides using hoists in two sets of loading units, the loading direction is automatically switched when the direction of motion of the movable wing changes. This ensures that only the load on the side opposite to the current direction of motion of the movable wing applies resistance through the steel cable. At the same time, the hoists maintain connection with the loads when not lifting them, and can safely hold the loads in case the steel cable detaches or breaks, thus improving the safety of the test process.

[0019] A counterweight is hung on the steel cable section between at least two fixed pulleys above the fixed frame. This is used to keep the steel cable taut when the load is lifted by the hoist without applying gravity to the steel cable. This avoids loading delay or impact caused by the slack of the steel cable and ensures the smoothness and continuity of the loading process.

[0020] The transmission mechanism is connected to the movable wing via a movable pulley, and the mounting positions of the motor and pulley on the fixed base are adjustable, allowing for flexible adjustment of the device layout according to the verification requirements of different models of telescopic wing transmission mechanisms.

[0021] The loaded weight consists of multiple stackable weight units. By increasing or decreasing the number of weight units, the drag applied to the movable wing can be flexibly adjusted. It can easily simulate various harsh conditions, including normal operating conditions, fault conditions, and overload conditions, and has a high degree of flexibility in operating condition adjustment.

[0022] The loading method achieves continuous and repeated loading of the transmission mechanism by alternating between the extension stroke loading step and the retraction stroke loading step, thus meeting the requirements of the durability verification test.

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Additional aspects and advantages provided by the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to aid in understanding the invention. The contents provided in the drawings and their related descriptions in this specification can be used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the loading device structure for simulating the transmission mechanism of a telescopic wing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the telescopic wing motion simulation mechanism of the loading device shown.

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the telescopic wing loading mechanism of the loading device shown.

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the loading device is shown.

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the extension stroke of the loading device.

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the loading device retracting during the loading process.

[0031] The diagram is marked as follows: 1—Hoop hoist; 2—Fixed frame; 3—Platform-pulley system; 4—Loaded load; 5—Moving wing; 6—Motor; 7—Linear bearing; 8—Fixed seat; 9—Foundation platform. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the present invention based on these descriptions. Before describing the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it should be particularly noted that:

[0033] The technical solutions and features provided in the various sections, including the following description, can be combined with each other without conflict. Furthermore, where possible, these technical solutions, features, and related combinations can be given specific technical subject matter and protected by relevant patents.

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention described below are generally only some embodiments and not all embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of patent protection.

[0035] The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and any variations thereof in this specification, the corresponding claims, and related sections are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. Other related terms and units can be reasonably interpreted based on the relevant content provided in this specification.

[0036] Regarding the directional terminology: In this specification, "extended side" refers to the forward side of the movable wing 5 when it extends outward along the linear bearing 7, and "retracted side" refers to the forward side of the movable wing 5 when it retracts inward along the linear bearing 7. That is, the extended side and retracted side are located at opposite ends of the travel distance of the movable wing 5. These directional terms are used only to facilitate the description of the relative positions and movement relationships of the components in this invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, this embodiment provides a loading device for simulating the transmission mechanism of a telescopic wing. The core design idea of ​​this loading device is to use the principle of gravity loading to replace the real aerodynamic load environment in the air under ground conditions. By converting the gravity of the loaded weight 4 into resistance along the direction of movement of the movable wing 5 through the tray-pulley system 3, the aerodynamic load resistance experienced by the telescopic wing during its extension or retraction in flight is simulated, thereby enabling ground verification of the traction holding capacity and durability performance of the transmission mechanism.

[0038] The loading device comprises two main functional modules: a retractable wing motion simulation mechanism and a retractable wing loading mechanism. The retractable wing motion simulation mechanism reproduces the reciprocating linear motion of the retractable wing during extension and retraction under ground conditions. The retractable wing loading mechanism applies drag opposite to the direction of motion to the movable wing 5 during its movement; this drag, in magnitude and direction, simulates the aerodynamic drag experienced by the retractable wing in flight. Both functional modules are mounted on the same base platform 9, forming a complete ground loading test system.

[0039] The base platform 9 serves as the mounting foundation for the entire loading device, providing a stable mounting surface for the various functional components within the telescopic wing motion simulation mechanism and the telescopic wing loading mechanism. In this embodiment, the base platform 9 is a steel floor. Steel floors are characterized by high rigidity, strong load-bearing capacity, and high flatness, ensuring the installation accuracy and positional stability of each functional component during the test. The fixing seat 8, linear bearing 7, and fixing frame 2 are all fixedly mounted to the steel floor using bolts. The bolted connection method provides sufficient tightening force to ensure that the components do not loosen or shift during loading, and also facilitates adjustments and rearrangements of the component mounting positions on the steel floor according to different test requirements. It is understood that the base platform 9 is not limited to a steel floor; in other embodiments, other foundation forms with sufficient rigidity and load-bearing capacity, such as concrete foundations or steel structure platforms, can also be used, as long as they provide a stable mounting foundation for each functional component.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the telescopic wing motion simulation mechanism includes a fixed base 8, a motor 6, a movable wing 5, and a linear bearing 7. The specific composition and interrelationship of each component are as follows.

[0041] The mounting base 8 is fixedly installed on the base platform 9, and in this embodiment, it is fixed to the iron floor with bolts. The mounting base 8 serves as the main load-bearing structure of the telescopic wing motion simulation mechanism, and it houses the motor 6 and related transmission components. The mounting positions of the motor 6 and pulleys on the mounting base 8 are adjustable. Specifically, multiple sets of mounting holes or sliding groove structures can be provided on the mounting base 8, allowing the motor 6 and pulleys to be adjusted and re-fixed in different directions as needed. This design enables the loading device to adapt to the mounting interface dimensions, transmission ratios, and stroke requirements of different models of telescopic wing transmission mechanisms. When verifying different models of transmission mechanisms, only the mounting positions of the motor 6 and pulleys on the mounting base 8 need to be adjusted, without replacing the entire mounting base 8, significantly improving the versatility and adaptability of the loading device.

[0042] Motor 6 is mounted on fixed base 8 and serves as the power source for the telescopic wing motion simulation mechanism, providing the power required to drive the movable wing 5 in reciprocating linear motion. Motor 6 drives the movable wing 5 through a transmission mechanism. It should be noted that the transmission mechanism described here is the telescopic wing transmission mechanism whose performance is to be verified. It is mounted on fixed base 8 and receives power input from motor 6, converting the rotational motion or other forms of motion output by motor 6 into a traction force that drives the movable wing 5 to move linearly along linear bearing 7. The specific form of the transmission mechanism can be determined according to the type of actual telescopic wing transmission mechanism to be verified, and may include, but is not limited to, screw and nut mechanisms, gear and rack mechanisms, chain drive mechanisms, rope traction mechanisms, etc. This invention does not limit the specific form of the transmission mechanism.

[0043] The transmission mechanism is connected to the movable wing 5 via a movable pulley. The motor 6 drives the movable wing 5 through the transmission mechanism and the movable pulley. The movable pulley changes the direction and magnitude of the force transmission, creating a flexible connection between the output end of the transmission mechanism and the movable wing 5. In some embodiments, the movable pulley can be mounted on the movable wing 5, and the output end of the transmission mechanism is connected to a fixed point on the fixed base 8 via a steel cable that passes around the movable pulley. This allows the transmission mechanism to drive the movable wing 5 with a smaller output force due to the force-saving effect of the movable pulley. In other embodiments, the movable pulley can also be located at the output end of the transmission mechanism, and the installation position and cable winding method can be adjusted according to the actual layout requirements of the transmission mechanism.

[0044] The linear bearing 7 is fixedly installed on the base platform 9, and in this embodiment, it is fixed to the iron floor with bolts. The linear bearing 7 provides linear motion guidance for the movable wing 5, ensuring that the movable wing 5 always moves in a predetermined straight direction during movement without deviation or deflection.

[0045] The movable wing 5 is slidably mounted on the linear bearing 7. The movable wing 5 simulates the retractable section of an actual telescopic wing, and under the drive of the motor 6 via a transmission mechanism, it reciprocates linearly along the linear bearing 7 to simulate the extension and retraction process of the wing. In this embodiment, the movable wing 5 is connected to the guide rail of the linear bearing 7 via a ball bearing. The ball bearing transforms the sliding friction between the movable wing 5 and the guide rail into rolling friction, significantly reducing frictional resistance during movement, making the movement of the movable wing 5 smoother, and simultaneously reducing loading errors introduced by friction, thus improving the accuracy of aerodynamic load drag simulation.

[0046] Limit blocks are installed on the guide rail of the linear bearing 7, with the limit blocks located at both ends of the guide rail's travel range to limit the range of motion of the movable wing 5. When the movable wing 5 moves in the extension direction to the extension end of the guide rail's travel range, the limit block at the extension end prevents the movable wing 5 from continuing to move forward; when the movable wing 5 moves in the retraction direction to the retraction end of the guide rail's travel range, the limit block at the retraction end prevents the movable wing 5 from continuing to retract. The setting of the limit blocks effectively prevents the movable wing 5 from exceeding the predetermined travel range due to overdrive of the motor 6, abnormal control signals, or inertia, thus preventing equipment damage or safety accidents. It is an important safety protection measure for the loading device. In some embodiments, the installation position of the limit blocks can be adjusted along the guide rail to adapt to test conditions with different travel requirements. In other embodiments, elastic buffer pads can also be provided on the limit blocks to reduce the impact force when the movable wing 5 touches the limit blocks.

[0047] The fixed base 8 is equipped with displacement sensors and force sensors to collect key data in real time during the test.

[0048] The displacement sensor is used to acquire displacement data during the movement of the movable wing 5. Through the displacement sensor, the position of the movable wing 5 at any given moment, as well as its extension or retraction relative to its initial position, can be monitored in real time. The velocity and acceleration information of the movable wing 5 can also be acquired. The specific type of displacement sensor can be selected according to accuracy requirements and measurement range; for example, optical grating rulers, magnetic grating rulers, wire-type displacement sensors, laser displacement sensors, etc., can be used. This invention does not limit the specific type.

[0049] Force sensors are used to acquire force data during the operation of the transmission mechanism. These sensors can be installed between the output end of the transmission mechanism and the movable pulley, or at key force-bearing locations within the transmission mechanism, to directly measure the traction or holding force experienced by the transmission mechanism during the movement of the movable wing 5. The force data acquired by these sensors is the core basis for evaluating the traction and holding capabilities of the transmission mechanism.

[0050] In addition, a force sensor is installed between the steel cable and the movable wing 5 to acquire real-time resistance data applied to the movable wing 5 by the tray-pulley system 3. This force sensor is connected in series at the connection point between the steel cable and the movable wing 5. The steel cable is connected to the movable wing 5 through this force sensor, and all the tension transmitted in the steel cable is transmitted to the movable wing 5 via this force sensor, thus enabling accurate measurement of the actual resistance applied to the movable wing 5 by the tray-pulley system 3. Comparing this resistance data with theoretical calculations verifies the loading accuracy of the loading device; correlating this resistance data with the force data of the transmission mechanism allows for evaluation of the transmission mechanism's operating status under different load conditions.

[0051] Data collected by displacement and force sensors can be recorded and stored in real time by a data acquisition system for post-test data analysis and performance evaluation. In some embodiments, the data acquisition system can also be connected to the control system of motor 6 to achieve closed-loop control and automated operation of the test process.

[0052] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the retractable wing loading mechanism includes two sets of loading units respectively located on the extended side and the retracted side of the movable wing 5's travel stroke. The two sets of loading units are structurally identical and are arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically along both ends of the movable wing 5's travel stroke, respectively providing drag loading when the movable wing 5 moves in the extended direction and in the retracted direction. The following detailed description uses one set of loading units as an example; the structure and working principle of the other set of loading units are the same.

[0053] Each loading unit includes a fixed frame 2, a pallet-pulley system 3, a hoist 1, and a loading weight 4. The specific composition and interrelationship of each component are as follows.

[0054] The mounting bracket 2 is installed on the base platform 9, and in this embodiment, it is fixed to the iron floor with bolts. The mounting bracket 2 provides mounting support for other components in the loading unit, and the fixed pulley and hoist 1 are installed on top of it. The height of the mounting bracket 2 should meet the following requirements: the position of the fixed pulley above it should be higher than the plane of motion of the movable wing 5, so that the steel cable can extend upward from the movable wing 5 to the fixed pulley and then downward to the tray of the tray-pulley system 3, thereby converting the vertical gravity of the loaded weight 4 into horizontal resistance along the direction of motion of the movable wing 5. The mounting bracket 2 can adopt a welded steel structure, a cast structure, or other structural forms with sufficient strength and rigidity.

[0055] At least two fixed pulleys are provided above the fixed frame 2. The steel cable passes around these at least two fixed pulleys, which change the direction of the cable, allowing it to extend from the connecting end of the movable wing 5 to the connecting end of the loaded load 4 along a predetermined path. In some embodiments, the number of fixed pulleys can be two, three, or more, depending on the cable's direction requirements and the structural layout of the fixed frame 2. In some embodiments, one of the at least two fixed pulleys is positioned above the fixed frame 2 near one end of the movable wing 5's travel distance, and the other is positioned above the fixed frame 2 near the pallet side. The steel cable extends horizontally from the movable wing 5 to the first fixed pulley, passes around the first fixed pulley, changes direction, extends to the second fixed pulley, passes around the second fixed pulley again, and then extends vertically downwards to the pallet.

[0056] A counterweight is suspended on the cable segment between at least two fixed pulleys. The counterweight is used to maintain tension in the cable when the loaded weight 4 is lifted by the hoist 1 without applying gravity to the cable. Specifically, during the alternation of loading methods, when the loaded weight 4 on one side is lifted and suspended by the hoist 1, that side no longer applies gravity to the cable, and the cable becomes slack due to the loss of load at one end. If the cable is slack, at the start of the next loading stroke, the movable wing 5 needs to move a certain distance to tighten the slack cable before it can begin to bear resistance. This will cause a lag in the loading process, and the instant the cable goes from slack to taut will generate an impact load, affecting the smoothness and continuity of the loading process, and potentially damaging the transmission mechanism and the cable. By suspending a counterweight on the cable segment between at least two fixed pulleys, the counterweight's own weight continuously applies tension to the cable, ensuring that the cable remains taut even after the loaded weight 4 is lifted. The weight of the counterweight should be sufficient to maintain the tension of the cable, but not too large, so as not to impose excessive additional drag on the movable wing 5. In some embodiments, the weight of the counterweight may be appropriately selected based on the weight of the cable itself, its length, and the spacing between the fixed pulleys.

[0057] The tray-pulley system 3 is the core functional component of the loading unit, used to convert the vertical gravity of the loaded weight 4 into horizontal resistance along the direction of movement of the movable wing 5. The tray-pulley system 3 consists of two parts: a tray and a pulley assembly. The tray supports the loaded weight 4, while the pulley assembly and steel cables transfer the gravity of the loaded weight 4 to the movable wing 5. The tray-pulley system 3 is connected to the movable wing 5 via steel cables.

[0058] Specifically, one end of the steel cable is connected to the movable wing 5 (in this embodiment, it is connected to the movable wing 5 via a force sensor), and the other end of the steel cable is connected to the tray of the tray-pulley system 3. The steel cable extends upward from the connection end of the movable wing 5 to a fixed pulley above the fixed frame 2, changes direction after passing the fixed pulley, and extends downward to the tray. When the movable wing 5 moves in one direction, the movable wing 5 pulls the steel cable, and the steel cable changes direction after passing the fixed pulley, lifting the tray and the loaded weight 4 placed on it upward. During this process, the weight of the loaded weight 4 is transformed into a resistance acting on the movable wing 5 in the opposite direction of its movement through the steel cable and pulley system. The magnitude of this resistance is determined by the weight of the loaded weight 4 (ignoring frictional losses between the steel cable and the pulley), so the magnitude of the resistance applied to the movable wing 5 can be precisely controlled by adjusting the weight of the loaded weight 4.

[0059] The load 4 is placed on the tray of the tray-pulley system 3. The load 4 consists of multiple stackable weight units. Each weight unit has a preset standard weight, and multiple weight units are stacked sequentially on the tray. The drag applied to the movable wing 5 is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of weight units. For example, when simulating a larger aerodynamic load drag, the number of weight units is increased to increase the total weight of the load 4; when simulating a smaller aerodynamic load drag, the number of weight units is decreased to decrease the total weight of the load 4. This modular load design makes drag adjustment simple and quick, without replacing the entire load 4; precise drag adjustment can be achieved simply by adding or removing weight units. Understandably, the unit weight of the weight unit can be set according to the loading accuracy requirements. For example, different specifications of weight units (such as 1kg, 5kg, 10kg, 20kg, etc.) can be set, and any desired drag value can be precisely configured through the combination of different specifications of weight units. The modular design of the load 4 allows the loading device to easily simulate various harsh conditions, including normal operating conditions, fault conditions, and overload conditions, with high flexibility in adjusting the operating conditions.

[0060] The hoist 1 is installed above the fixed frame 2. The hoist 1 performs two functions in this loading device: loading switching function and safety holding function.

[0061] Regarding the loading switching function: Since this loading device has a loading unit on both the extended and retracted sides of the movable wing 5's movement stroke, during the reciprocating motion of the movable wing 5, it is necessary to ensure that only the load 4 on the side opposite to the current direction of movement of the movable wing 5 applies resistance to the movable wing 5 via the steel cable, while the load 4 on the side with the same direction of movement should not apply resistance. The hoist 1 is used to achieve this loading direction switching. When the direction of movement of the movable wing 5 changes, the hoist 1 on the side with the new direction of movement lifts the corresponding load 4 to suspend it, thus relieving the weight of the load 4 on that side from the steel cable, allowing the weight of the load 4 on that side to be borne by the hoist 1 and no longer transmitted to the movable wing 5 via the steel cable; the hoist 1 on the other side lowers the corresponding load 4, allowing its weight to act on the movable wing 5 via the steel cable, thereby applying resistance to the movable wing 5 in the opposite direction of its movement. By alternating lifting and lowering actions of the hoist 1 in the two sets of loading units, the loading direction is automatically switched when the movement direction of the movable wing 5 changes.

[0062] Regarding the safety holding function: Hoist 1 maintains its connection to the loaded object 4 when not lifting it. Specifically, when hoist 1 on one side lowers the loaded object 4, the hook or other connecting parts of that hoist 1 remain physically connected to the loaded object 4 or the pallet; however, the wire rope of hoist 1 is slack and does not bear the weight of the loaded object 4. The purpose of this design is that if the wire rope detaches or breaks, the loaded object 4 will suddenly fall due to the loss of its support. In this situation, hoist 1 can safely hold the loaded object 4 through its connection, preventing it from falling from a height and causing equipment damage or personal injury, thus improving the safety of the testing process.

[0063] The hoist 1 can be an electric hoist, a manual hoist, or a pneumatic hoist. In a preferred embodiment, an electric hoist is used and automated control is achieved through a control system. It can be linked with the motion control system of the motor 6 to automate the loading and switching process, reduce manual intervention, and improve test efficiency.

[0064] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, this embodiment also provides a loading method for the loading device described above for simulating a telescopic wing transmission mechanism. This loading method includes an extension stroke loading step and a retraction stroke loading step, which are performed alternately and cyclically to conduct a durability verification test on the transmission mechanism. The following provides a detailed description of each step.

[0065] (a) Initial state

[0066] Before the test begins, the required simulated aerodynamic load drag is determined according to the test plan. Based on this, corresponding weight units are placed on the trays of the two sets of loading units on the extended and retracted sides, forming the loading weights 4. The weights of the loading weights 4 on the extended and retracted sides can be the same or different, depending on the difference in aerodynamic load drag experienced by the telescopic wing during the extension and retraction processes. The movable wing 5 is placed in its initial position (e.g., fully retracted). The hoist 1 on the extended side lifts the corresponding loading weight 4 to suspend it in the air, relieving the gravitational force of the loading weight 4 on the steel cable. The hoist 1 on the retracted side lowers the corresponding loading weight 4. At this time, the gravity of the loading weight 4 on the retracted side acts on the movable wing 5 through the steel cable and tray-pulley system 3, preparing for the upcoming extension stroke loading.

[0067] (II) Extension stroke loading steps

[0068] like Figure 5 As shown, motor 6 drives the movable wing 5 to move along the linear bearing 7 in the extension direction. During this process, the loaded weight 4 on the retracted side is lifted by the tray-pulley system 3 and steel cable. The gravity of the loaded weight 4 is transformed into a resistance in the opposite direction of extension through the pulleys and steel cable, which continuously acts on the movable wing 5. The transmission mechanism needs to overcome this resistance while driving the movable wing 5 in the extension direction. This resistance simulates the aerodynamic load drag experienced by the telescopic wing during its extension in flight.

[0069] During the extension stroke loading step, the displacement sensor monitors the extension displacement of the movable wing 5 in real time, the force sensor on the fixed seat 8 monitors the force on the transmission mechanism in real time, and the force sensor between the steel cable and the movable wing 5 monitors the resistance applied to the movable wing 5 by the tray-pulley system 3 in real time.

[0070] Once the movable wing 5 extends to its designated position (i.e., reaches the preset extension stroke end or is blocked by the extension end limit block), the motor 6 stops driving or maintains its position. At this time, the hoist 1 on the retracted side lifts the loaded weight 4 on that side to relieve the gravity of the loaded weight 4 on the steel cable, while the hoist 1 on the extended side lowers the loaded weight 4 on that side. This allows the gravity of the loaded weight 4 on the extended side to act on the movable wing 5 through the steel cable and the tray-pulley system 3, preparing for the subsequent retraction stroke loading. During this switching process, the counterweight maintains the tension of the corresponding steel cable to ensure a smooth transition.

[0071] (III) Retraction Stroke Loading Steps

[0072] like Figure 6As shown, motor 6 drives the movable wing 5 to move in the retracting direction along linear bearing 7. During this process, the loaded weight 4 on the extended side is lifted by the tray-pulley system 3 and steel cable. The gravity of the loaded weight 4 is transformed into a resistance in the opposite direction of retraction through the pulleys and steel cable, which continuously acts on the movable wing 5. The transmission mechanism needs to overcome this resistance while driving the movable wing 5 in the retracting direction. This resistance simulates the aerodynamic load drag experienced by the telescopic wing during retraction in flight.

[0073] During the retraction stroke loading step, the displacement sensor and force sensor continue to collect data in real time.

[0074] After the movable wing 5 retracts into its position (i.e., reaches the preset retraction stroke end or is blocked by the retraction end limit block), the motor 6 stops driving or maintains its position. At this time, the hoist 1 on the extended side lifts the loaded weight 4 on that side to relieve the gravity of the loaded weight 4 on the steel cable, while the hoist 1 on the retracted side lowers the loaded weight 4 on that side, so that the gravity of the loaded weight 4 on the retracted side acts on the movable wing 5 through the steel cable and the tray-pulley system 3, preparing for the subsequent extension stroke loading.

[0075] (iv) Execution in cycles

[0076] The extension stroke loading step and the retraction stroke loading step are executed alternately in a cycle, and each completion of one extension stroke loading and one retraction stroke loading is counted as one loading cycle. According to the requirements of durability verification tests, the loading device can continuously perform hundreds, thousands or even more loading cycles to verify the performance degradation and reliability of the transmission mechanism under long-term repeated load conditions.

[0077] During the extension and / or retraction loading steps, the drag applied to the movable wing 5 can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of weight units in the loaded weight 4, depending on the needs of the test plan. For example, after completing a certain number of normal operating condition loading cycles, the number of weight units can be increased to simulate aerodynamic load drag under fault or overload conditions, verifying the traction holding capacity and safety margin of the transmission mechanism under harsh conditions. Different drag levels can also be set at different stages of the same test to obtain the performance characteristic curves of the transmission mechanism under different load conditions.

[0078] (v) Data Analysis and Performance Evaluation

[0079] Throughout the loading process, displacement sensors collect real-time displacement data of the movable wing 5, force sensors on the fixed base 8 collect real-time force data of the transmission mechanism, and force sensors between the steel cable and the movable wing 5 collect real-time resistance data of the tray-pulley system 3 applied to the movable wing 5. After being recorded by the data acquisition system, this data can be used to comprehensively evaluate the traction holding capacity and durability of the transmission mechanism under different load conditions and cycles, including but not limited to: whether the maximum traction force of the transmission mechanism meets the design requirements, whether the transmission mechanism exhibits traction force attenuation or increased transmission clearance after repeated loading, and whether various components of the transmission mechanism show failure phenomena such as wear, deformation, or fatigue cracks after long-term load bearing. Analysis of the above test data can determine whether the transmission mechanism meets the requirements for long-term reliable operation of the telescopic wing in actual flight environments, providing sufficient ground verification basis for the engineering application of telescopic wings.

[0080] The present invention has been described above. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the present invention based on these descriptions. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the above description without inventive effort should fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A loading device for simulating a telescopic wing transmission mechanism, characterized in that: The system includes a telescopic wing motion simulation mechanism and a telescopic wing loading mechanism. The telescopic wing motion simulation mechanism comprises a fixed base (8), a motor (6), a movable wing (5), and a linear bearing (7). The fixed base (8) and the linear bearing (7) are fixedly mounted on a base platform (9). The motor (6) is mounted on the fixed base (8) and drives the movable wing (5) through a transmission mechanism. The movable wing (5) is slidably mounted on the linear bearing (7). The motor (6) drives the movable wing (5) to perform reciprocating linear motion along the linear bearing (7) to simulate the extension and retraction process of the wing. The telescopic wing loading mechanism includes components respectively disposed on the extension side and the extension side of the movable wing (5) during its movement stroke. The two sets of loading units on the retracted side each include a fixed frame (2), a tray-pulley system (3), a hoist (1), and a loading weight (4). The fixed frame (2) is installed on the base platform (9), the hoist (1) is installed above the fixed frame (2), and the loading weight (4) is placed on the tray of the tray-pulley system (3). The tray-pulley system (3) is connected to the movable wing (5) by steel cables. It is used to convert the gravity of the loading weight (4) on the corresponding side into the resistance in the direction of movement of the movable wing (5) when the movable wing (5) moves in one direction, so as to simulate the aerodynamic load resistance experienced by the telescopic wing during the extension or retraction process in flight.

2. The loading device for simulating a telescopic wing transmission mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The movable wing (5) is connected to the guide rail of the linear bearing (7) by a ball bearing; a limit block is installed on the guide rail of the linear bearing (7), and the limit block is set at both ends of the travel of the guide rail to limit the range of motion of the movable wing (5).

3. The loading device for simulating a telescopic wing transmission mechanism as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A displacement sensor and a force sensor are installed on the fixed base (8). The displacement sensor is used to acquire displacement data during the movement of the movable wing (5), and the force sensor is used to acquire force data during the operation of the transmission mechanism. A force sensor is installed between the steel cable and the movable wing (5) to acquire the resistance data applied to the movable wing (5) by the tray-pulley system (3) in real time.

4. The loading device for simulating a telescopic wing transmission mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: When the direction of motion of the movable wing (5) changes, the hoist (1) on the same side as the new direction of motion lifts the load (4) on the corresponding side to release the gravity of the load (4) on the steel cable. The hoist (1) on the other side lowers the load (4) on the corresponding side so that its gravity acts on the movable wing (5) through the steel cable. This ensures that only the load (4) on the side opposite to the current direction of motion of the movable wing (5) exerts resistance on the movable wing (5) through the steel cable. The hoist (1) maintains its connection with the load (4) when not lifting it, and is used to safely hold the load (4) in case the steel cable is detached or broken.

5. The loading device for simulating a telescopic wing transmission mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: At least two fixed pulleys are provided above the fixed frame (2), the steel cable passes around the at least two fixed pulleys, and a counterweight is hung on the steel cable section between the at least two fixed pulleys. The counterweight is used to keep the steel cable in a taut state when the loaded weight (4) is lifted by the hoist (1) without applying gravity to the steel cable.

6. The loading device for simulating a telescopic wing transmission mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism is connected to the movable wing (5) via a movable pulley. The motor (6) drives the movable wing (5) to move via the transmission mechanism and the movable pulley. The mounting positions of the motor (6) and the pulley on the fixed base (8) are adjustable.

7. The loading device for simulating a telescopic wing transmission mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The loaded weight (4) consists of multiple stackable weight units, and the resistance applied to the movable wing (5) is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of the weight units; the base platform (9) is an iron floor, and the fixed seat (8), the linear bearing (7) and the fixed frame (2) are all fixedly installed on the iron floor by bolts.

8. A loading method for a loading device for simulating a telescopic wing transmission mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: In the extension stroke loading step, the motor (6) drives the movable wing (5) to move in the extension direction along the linear bearing (7), and the loaded weight (4) on the retracted side is lifted by the tray-pulley system (3) and steel cable. The weight of the loaded weight (4) is transformed into a resistance opposite to the extension direction by the pulleys and steel cable. In the retraction stroke loading step, the motor (6) drives the movable wing (5) to move in the retraction direction along the linear bearing (7), and the loaded weight (4) on the extension side is lifted by the tray-pulley system (3) and steel cable. The weight of the loaded weight (4) is transformed into a resistance opposite to the retraction direction by the pulleys and steel cable. The extension stroke loading step and the retraction stroke loading step are executed alternately and cyclically to conduct a durability verification test on the transmission mechanism.

9. The loading method as described in claim 8, characterized in that: In the extension stroke loading step, after the movable wing (5) extends to the position, the hoist (1) on the retracted side is controlled to lift the load (4) on that side to release the gravity effect of the load (4) on the steel cable, and at the same time, the hoist (1) on the extension side is controlled to lower the load (4) on that side; in the retraction stroke loading step, after the movable wing (5) retracts to the position, the hoist (1) on the extension side is controlled to lift the load (4) on that side to release the gravity effect of the load (4) on the steel cable, and at the same time, the hoist (1) on the retracted side is controlled to lower the load (4) on that side.

10. The loading method as described in claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: In the extension stroke loading step and / or the retraction stroke loading step, the amount of drag applied to the movable wing (5) is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of weight units in the loaded weight (4).

Images