Building shape optimization method

Abstract

The application relates to a building shape optimization method, which comprises the following steps: in a first case, determining an optimized first value of a first parameter of a target building according to the value of a first index of the target building under a first candidate value of the first parameter, the first index comprising the following first index items: a roof average wind pressure coefficient, an average wind pressure coefficient difference between a windward surface and a leeward surface, and building heating energy consumption; and in a second case, determining an optimized second value of a second parameter of the target building according to the value of a second index of the target building under a second candidate value of the second parameter, the second index comprising the following second index items: a proportion of detection points with a surface wind speed less than a non-snow accumulation wind speed, a proportion of detection points with a roof wind speed less than the non-snow accumulation wind speed, and a proportion of detection points with a ground wind speed less than the non-snow accumulation wind speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of building technology, and specifically relates to building form optimization methods. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, the optimization of building form focuses on a single performance aspect, aiming to obtain optimal parameter values ​​for that specific performance. However, this approach lacks comprehensiveness. Therefore, improving the comprehensiveness of building form optimization is a problem that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a method for optimizing building form to solve problems in related technologies.

[0004] This application provides a method for optimizing building form, the method including: The optimized building orientation of the target building is determined based on the average wind pressure on the windward and leeward sides of the target building under each of the multiple candidate building orientations. In the first case, based on the value of the first index of the target building under the first candidate value of the first parameter of the target building, the optimized first value of the first parameter is determined. The first case includes: the target building has the optimized building orientation, and the input wind speed is the highest wind speed in the target area where the target building is located. The first parameter includes: floor height, building length-to-width ratio, building lifting height, left and right roof slope angles, windward and leeward roof slope angles, and window-to-wall ratio. The first index includes the following first index items: average wind pressure coefficient of the roof, difference in average wind pressure coefficient between the windward and leeward sides, and building heating energy consumption. In the second case, based on the second candidate values ​​of the second parameter of the target building and the values ​​of the second index of the target building, the optimized second value of the second parameter is determined. The second case includes: the target building has the optimized building orientation, the input wind speed is the annual average wind speed of the target area, the second parameter includes: building elevation height, left and right roof slope angles, windward and leeward roof slope angles, and the second index includes the following second index items: the percentage of detection points with surface wind speed less than the wind speed at which snow accumulation is not likely, the percentage of detection points with roof wind speed less than the wind speed at which snow accumulation is not likely, and the percentage of detection points with ground wind speed less than the wind speed at which snow accumulation is not likely.

[0005] This application provides a computing device including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program; when the computer program is loaded by the processor, it causes the processor to execute the method described above.

[0006] Beneficial effects: The method provided in this application embodiment simultaneously considers the building's wind resistance, operational energy consumption, and snow accumulation resistance. For these factors, the building's form is optimized to obtain optimized values ​​for the corresponding parameters of the target building. These optimized values ​​can be used in the construction of the target building, resulting in high wind resistance, low operational energy consumption, and strong snow accumulation resistance, thus improving the comprehensiveness of the building's form optimization. Specifically, the optimized building orientation allows the target building to withstand lower wind pressure, resulting in stronger wind resistance. The optimized first value of the first parameter allows the target building to withstand lower wind pressure and has lower operational energy consumption. The optimized first values ​​of all first parameter items except the second parameter item, and the optimized second values ​​of the second parameter, result in strong snow accumulation resistance. The optimized third value of the third parameter further enhances the target building's wind resistance.

[0007] The method provided in this application can automatically optimize building shape parameters and synergistically improve performance by constructing a parametric building shape model, coupling wind pressure simulation, snow accumulation risk assessment, and building energy consumption calculation, and introducing a multi-objective optimization algorithm and a phased optimization process. This can provide quantifiable, optimizable, and engineering-implementable shape design technical solutions for building design in polar and other high-altitude, cold, and windy regions, thereby improving building wind resistance, reducing snow accumulation risk, and decreasing building operating energy consumption.

[0008] The method provided in this application embodiment can achieve synergistic optimization of building wind resistance, snow accumulation resistance, and energy conservation. By constructing a parametric building shape model and introducing a multi-objective optimization algorithm, the wind pressure distribution characteristics of the building surface can be effectively improved, local wind pressure extremes and wind pressure differences between the windward and leeward sides can be reduced, thereby improving the wind resistance of the building structure. By optimizing the building shape parameters, the formation of low-wind-speed areas on the roof and site can be reduced, the risk of concentrated snow accumulation caused by wind can be reduced, and the operational reliability of the building in strong wind and snow environments can be improved. By optimizing the building shape coefficient and the geometric parameters of the building envelope, heat transfer loss of the building envelope can be reduced, heating energy consumption can be reduced, and the overall energy utilization efficiency of the building can be improved.

[0009] The method provided in this application embodiment can perform phased optimization of building form, reduce computational complexity, improve optimization efficiency, and make the method engineering feasible. It can be directly applied to building form design in polar and other high-altitude and high-wind regions, providing quantitative optimization basis for the building scheme stage, and has good promotion value and application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the embodiments of this specification. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the shape of the target building; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of the first parameter of the target building. Figure 3 It is a floor plan of the target building; Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional drawing of the target building's shape; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of phased optimization of the target building's shape. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the implementation methods and features in the implementation methods in this disclosure can be combined, separated, interchanged, and / or rearranged. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0013] In the accompanying drawings, the dimensions and relative dimensions of components may be exaggerated for clarity and / or descriptive purposes. When exemplary embodiments can be implemented differently, a specific process sequence may be performed in a different order than that described. For example, two consecutively described processes may be performed substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order of their description. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same components.

[0014] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well. Furthermore, when the terms “comprising” and / or “including” and variations thereof are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of the stated features, integrals, steps, operations, parts, components, and / or groups thereof, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, parts, components, and / or groups thereof. It should also be noted that, as used herein, the terms “substantially,” “about,” and other similar terms are used as approximate terms rather than as terms of degree, thus explaining the inherent biases in measurements, calculated values, and / or provided values ​​that would be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0015] refer to Figure 1 It shows a schematic diagram of the shape of the target building.

[0016] Figure 1 The roof, windward side, or leeward side of the target building are shown.

[0017] The roof of the target building includes: roof plan, left roof slope, right roof slope, windward roof slope, and leeward roof slope.

[0018] The windward roof slope connects to the windward side of the target building, and the leeward roof slope connects to the leeward side of the target building.

[0019] exist Figure 1 In the diagram, the box surrounding number 1 indicates the roof plan; the box surrounding number 2 indicates the windward or leeward side of the target building; the box surrounding number 3 indicates the windward or leeward roof slope; and the box surrounding number 4 indicates the left or right roof slope.

[0020] It should be noted that the shape and dimensions of the left roof slope can be the same as those of the right roof slope. The shape and dimensions of the windward roof slope can be the same as those of the leeward roof slope.

[0021] refer to Figure 2 It shows a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of the first parameter of the target building.

[0022] Figure 2 The following parameters are shown: ① floor height, ② length-to-width ratio, ③ building elevation, ④ left and right roof slope angles, ⑤ front and leeward roof slope angles, and ⑥ window-to-wall ratio. Figure 2The roof plan 201 of the target building, the windward or leeward roof slope 202 of the target building's roof, and the left or right roof slope 203 of the target building's roof are shown.

[0023] refer to Figure 3 It shows a floor plan of the target building.

[0024] Figure 3 The diagram shows the main wind direction (a), building orientation (1), building length-to-width ratio (2), width of the windward protrusion (8), length of the windward protrusion (9), width of the leeward protrusion (10), and length of the leeward protrusion (11).

[0025] refer to Figure 4 It shows a three-dimensional view of the target building's shape.

[0026] Figure 4 The diagram shows the following: 3 represents the first floor height of the building; 4 represents the second floor height of the building; 5 represents the left / right roof slope angle; 6 represents the windward / leeward roof slope angle; 7 represents the building's elevated height; 8 represents the window-to-wall ratio; 9 represents the top angle of the windward protrusion; 10 represents the bottom angle of the windward protrusion; 11 represents the top angle of the leeward protrusion; 12 represents the bottom angle of the leeward protrusion; and 13 represents the top angle of the leeward protrusion.

[0027] The building shape optimization method provided in this application includes steps S101-S103.

[0028] In step S101, the optimized building orientation of the target building is determined based on the average wind pressure on the windward and leeward sides of the target building under each of the multiple candidate building orientations. In step S102, under the first case, based on the value of the first index of the target building under the first candidate value of the first parameter of the target building, the optimized first value of the first parameter is determined. The first case includes: the target building has the optimized building orientation, and the input wind speed is the highest wind speed in the target area where the target building is located. The first parameter includes: floor height, building length-to-width ratio, building lifting height, left and right roof slope angles, windward and leeward roof slope angles, and window-to-wall ratio. The first index includes the following first index items: average wind pressure coefficient of the roof, difference in average wind pressure coefficient between the windward and leeward sides, and building heating energy consumption. In step S103, in the second case, based on the second candidate value of the second parameter of the target building and the value of the second index of the target building, the optimized second value of the second parameter is determined. The second case includes: the target building has the optimized building orientation, the input wind speed is the annual average wind speed of the target area, the second parameter includes: building elevation height, left and right roof slope angles, windward and leeward roof slope angles, and the second index includes the following second index items: the percentage of detection points with surface wind speed less than the wind speed at which snow is not easily accumulated, the percentage of detection points with roof wind speed less than the wind speed at which snow is not easily accumulated, and the percentage of detection points with ground wind speed less than the wind speed at which snow is not easily accumulated.

[0029] It should be noted that the method provided in this application embodiment is performed before the target building is constructed.

[0030] The target building can be any building located in an area where strong winds or heavy snowfall have occurred.

[0031] It should be noted that the target area where the target building is located specifically refers to the area where the target building is situated.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the target area where the target building is located is at least one of the following: Antarctica, an area that has experienced extreme snow and ice weather, and when the target area is Antarctica, the target building is an Antarctic research station.

[0033] Before executing step S101, set the basic shape of the target building, which can also be called the basic building model.

[0034] The basic shape of the target building includes: the initial value of the first parameter of the target building and the initial value of the third parameter of the target building.

[0035] The initial values ​​of the first parameter of the target building include the initial value of each item of the first parameter. The initial values ​​of the third parameter of the target building include the initial value of each item of the third parameter.

[0036] Step S101 can be called the first stage of optimization. Based on the basic shape, step S101 yields the optimized shape of the target building with the optimized building orientation. The optimized building orientation allows the target building to withstand lower wind pressure and has stronger wind resistance.

[0037] Step S102 can be called the second-stage optimization. Based on the shape optimized in the first stage, step S102 yields the second-stage optimized shape, which includes the optimized first value of the first parameter. The optimized first value of the first parameter allows the target building to withstand lower wind pressure and has lower operating energy consumption.

[0038] Step S103 can be called the third-stage optimization. Based on the shape optimized in the second stage, step S103 yields the third-stage optimized shape, which includes the optimized first values ​​of all first parameter items except the second parameter item, and the optimized second values ​​of the second parameter. The optimized first values ​​of all first parameter items except the second parameter item, and the optimized second values ​​of the second parameter, can make the target building have stronger snow resistance.

[0039] Step S104 can be called the fourth stage optimization. Based on the shape optimized in the third stage, step S103 yields the optimized first values ​​of all first parameter items except the second parameter item, the optimized second values ​​of the second parameter, and the optimized third value of the third parameter, resulting in the fourth stage optimized shape. The optimized third value of the third parameter can further enhance the wind resistance performance of the target building.

[0040] When constructing the target building, the target building can be built based on the optimized shape from the fourth stage.

[0041] It should be noted that the basic shape of the target building also includes the initial values ​​of all parameters except for the first, second, and third parameters. The shape used for construction includes the initial values ​​of other parameters.

[0042] In this embodiment, an optimization model can be constructed based on the Grasshopper platform. This model consists of an optimization variable input module, a meteorological data input module, a building shape generation module, a wind pressure simulation module, a snow accumulation simulation module, a heating energy simulation module, and an NSGA-II optimization algorithm module. The wind pressure simulation and snow accumulation simulation modules use computational fluid dynamics methods to simulate the wind field around the building, analyze the wind pressure distribution on the building surface and the distribution characteristics of low-wind-speed areas, and assess the risk of wind-induced snow accumulation based on low-wind-speed area criteria. The heating energy simulation module uses a building thermal model to calculate the building's annual heating energy consumption.

[0043] It should be noted that the first and second parameters of the target building are parameters of the target building's shape. Optimizing the shape of the target building can be understood as: determining the optimized values ​​of the target building's shape parameters.

[0044] The parameter items included in the first parameter are called the first parameter item, the parameter items included in the second parameter are called the second parameter item, and the parameter items included in the third parameter are called the third parameter item.

[0045] The first parameter includes the following items: floor height, building length-to-width ratio, building elevation, left and right roof slope angles, windward and leeward roof slope angles, and window-to-wall ratio.

[0046] Floor height specifically refers to the height of each floor. Building elevation height can refer to the vertical distance a building travels from its ground position to its design elevation. Building elevation height can also be considered as the building's stilt height.

[0047] The angles of the left and right roof slopes specifically refer to the angles of the left and right roof slopes.

[0048] The slope angles of windward and leeward roofs specifically refer to the slope angles of windward and leeward roofs.

[0049] The average wind pressure coefficient of a roof can refer to the average wind pressure coefficient of the roof plane of the target building.

[0050] The corresponding inclined plane angle specifically refers to the angle of the corresponding inclined plane.

[0051] The second parameter is a part of the first parameter, and the second parameter includes the following second parameter items: building elevation height, left and right roof slope angles, and windward and leeward roof slope angles.

[0052] The third parameter includes the following items: the length and width of the protruding part on the windward side, the length and width of the protruding part on the leeward side, the top slope and bottom slope of the protruding part on the windward side, and the top slope and bottom slope of the protruding part on the leeward side. The top slope can be called the top angle, and the bottom slope can be called the bottom angle.

[0053] The protruding part on the windward side is connected to the windward side; the protruding part on the windward side is the portion that protrudes from the windward side. The protruding part on the leeward side is connected to the leeward side; the protruding part on the leeward side is the portion that protrudes from the leeward side.

[0054] The length and width of the protruding part on the windward side can specifically refer to the length and width of the protruding part on the windward side. The length and width of the protruding part on the leeward side can specifically refer to the length and width of the protruding part on the leeward side.

[0055] In the embodiments of this application, the candidate value of the first parameter is called the first candidate value of the first parameter, the candidate value of the second parameter is called the second candidate value of the second parameter, and the candidate value of the third parameter is called the third candidate value of the third parameter.

[0056] The first candidate value of the first parameter includes: the first candidate value of each first parameter item of the first parameter. The second candidate value of the second parameter includes: the second candidate value of each second parameter item of the second parameter. The third candidate value of the third parameter includes: the third candidate value of each third parameter item of the third parameter.

[0057] In this embodiment of the application, the indicator items included in the first indicator are called the first indicator items, and the indicator items included in the second indicator are called the second indicator items.

[0058] The first indicator's value includes the value of each of its first indicator items. The second indicator's value includes the value of each of its second indicator items.

[0059] The value of the first indicator under the first candidate value i includes the value of each first indicator item of the first indicator under the first candidate value i. The value of the second indicator under the second candidate value i includes the value of each second indicator item of the second indicator under the second candidate value i.

[0060] It should be noted that the windward side of the target building refers to the side directly facing the prevailing wind direction of the target area where the building is located. The leeward side of the target building is the side opposite to this prevailing wind direction. The prevailing wind direction in the target area can be obtained from meteorological data of the target area.

[0061] The optimized first value of the first parameter includes: the optimized first value of each first parameter item of the first parameter. The optimized second value of the second parameter includes: the optimized second value of each second parameter item of the second parameter. The optimized third value of the third parameter includes: the optimized third value of each third parameter item of the third parameter.

[0062] For the first candidate value i of the first parameter, if the first candidate value i is used as the optimized first value of the first parameter, then the first candidate value of the first parameter item j in the first candidate value i is used as the optimized first value of the first parameter item j in the optimized first value of the first parameter.

[0063] Wherein, the first candidate value i can be any first candidate value of the first parameter, and the first parameter item j can be any first parameter item of the first parameter.

[0064] For the second candidate value i of the second parameter, if the second candidate value i is used as the optimized second value of the second parameter, then the second candidate value of the second parameter item j in the second candidate value i is used as the optimized second value of the second parameter item j in the optimized second value of the second parameter.

[0065] Wherein, the second candidate value i can be any second candidate value of the second parameter, and the second parameter term j can be any second parameter term of the second parameter.

[0066] For the third candidate value i of the third parameter, if the third candidate value i is used as the optimized third value of the third parameter, then the third candidate value of the third parameter item j in the third candidate value i is used as the optimized third value of the third parameter item j in the optimized third value of the third parameter.

[0067] Among them, the third candidate value i can be any third candidate value of the third parameter, and the third parameter term j can be any third parameter term of the third parameter.

[0068] In this embodiment of the application, the first parameter item other than the second parameter item among all the first parameter items of the first parameter is called the other first parameter item. That is, the first parameter item that is not the second parameter item among all the first parameter items of the first parameter is called the other first parameter item.

[0069] Among them, the floor height, building length-to-width ratio, and window-to-wall ratio are all considered as primary parameters.

[0070] It should be noted that the optimized orientation of the target building can be used during its construction. When constructing the target building, its orientation is: the optimized orientation of the target building. In other words, the optimized orientation of the target building is used during its construction.

[0071] It should be noted that the optimized first value of the other first parameter can be used to construct the target building. When constructing the target building, the value of the other first parameter is: the optimized first value of the other first parameter. In other words, when constructing the target building, the optimized first value of the other first parameter is used.

[0072] It should be noted that the optimized second value of the second parameter can be used to construct the target building; that is, the optimized second value of each item of the second parameter can be used to construct the target building. When constructing the target building, the value of the second parameter is: the optimized second value of the second parameter. In other words, when constructing the target building, the optimized second value of the second parameter is used.

[0073] It should be noted that the optimized third value of the third parameter can be used to construct the target building; that is, the optimized third value of each third parameter item can be used to construct the target building. When constructing the target building, the value of the third parameter is: the optimized third value of the third parameter. In other words, when constructing the target building, the optimized third value of the third parameter is used.

[0074] In this embodiment of the application, a candidate building orientation sequence consisting of multiple candidate building orientations is preset.

[0075] In one possible implementation, the angle between the orientation of each pair of adjacent buildings and the reference direction, such as due south, is the same; for example, the angle between the orientation of each pair of adjacent buildings and the reference direction, such as due south, is 10°.

[0076] In step S101, wind pressure simulation is performed for each candidate building orientation.

[0077] For candidate building orientation i, the wind pressure simulation for candidate building orientation i includes: simulating the wind pressure situation corresponding to candidate building orientation i. The wind pressure simulation situation for candidate building orientation i includes: the first parameter of the target building is the initial value of the first parameter, the orientation of the target building is candidate building orientation i, and the input wind speed is the preset wind speed.

[0078] The wind pressure simulation for candidate building orientation i can also include: the target location of the target building within the target region, which can be the construction location of the target building. The construction location of the target building can be represented using the coordinates of its geometric center.

[0079] Wherein, the candidate building orientation i can be any candidate building orientation.

[0080] The input wind speed can be the wind speed in the target area where the target building is located. In the wind pressure simulation for candidate building orientation i, the target building receives wind at a preset wind speed.

[0081] It should be noted that the average wind pressure on the windward and leeward sides of the target building is composed of the average wind pressure on the windward side and the average wind pressure on the leeward side of the target building.

[0082] The average wind pressure on the windward side of the target building is positive, while the average wind pressure on the leeward side of the target building is negative.

[0083] In one possible implementation, in step S101, parameters corresponding to each candidate building orientation are calculated. For candidate building orientation i, the parameters corresponding to candidate building orientation i include: the average wind pressure on the windward and leeward sides of the target building under the wind pressure simulation conditions corresponding to candidate building orientation i. A score is calculated for each candidate building orientation, and the candidate building orientation with the lowest score is determined as the optimized building orientation of the target building. Calculating the score of candidate building orientation i includes: the sum of the score of the preset windward average wind pressure range where the average wind pressure on the windward side of candidate building orientation i is located and the score of the preset leeward average wind pressure range where the average wind pressure on the leeward side of candidate building orientation i is located is determined as the score of candidate building orientation i. Multiple preset windward average wind pressure ranges and multiple preset leeward average wind pressure ranges are preset. The larger the left endpoint of the preset windward average wind pressure range, the smaller the score corresponding to the preset windward average wind pressure range; the left endpoint of the preset windward average wind pressure range with the smallest left endpoint is 0. The smaller the left endpoint of the preset leeward average wind pressure range, the smaller the score corresponding to the preset leeward average wind pressure range. The right endpoint of the preset leeward average wind pressure range with the largest left endpoint is 0.

[0084] In one possible implementation, step S101, determining the optimized building orientation of the target building based on the average wind pressure on the windward and leeward sides of the target building under each of the multiple candidate building orientations, includes: calculating the absolute value of the average wind pressure corresponding to each candidate building orientation, wherein the target candidate building orientation is any candidate building orientation, and the absolute value of the average wind pressure corresponding to the target candidate building orientation is the sum of the absolute values ​​of the average wind pressure on the windward side of the target building when the target building has the target candidate building orientation and the absolute values ​​of the average wind pressure on the leeward side of the target building when the target building has the target candidate building orientation; and determining the candidate building orientation with the smallest absolute value of the average wind pressure as the optimized building orientation of the target building.

[0085] It should be noted that the average wind pressure on the windward side of the target building when it has the same orientation as the target candidate building, and the average wind pressure on the leeward side of the target building when it has the same orientation as the target candidate building, can be calculated based on the simulated wind pressure under the simulated orientation of the target candidate building.

[0086] When the target building has the same orientation as the target candidate building, the average wind pressure on the windward side of the target building can specifically refer to the average wind pressure on the windward side of the target building under the wind pressure simulation conditions corresponding to the target building's orientation. Similarly, when the target building has the same orientation as the target candidate building, the average wind pressure on the leeward side of the target building can specifically refer to the average wind pressure on the leeward side of the target building under the wind pressure simulation conditions corresponding to the target building's orientation.

[0087] As an example, in step S101, the building orientation is determined based on the wind pressure distribution: a basic building model is placed in the center of the site at 10° intervals, wind pressure simulation is performed, the average wind pressure on the windward and leeward sides at different degrees is compared, and the angle scheme closest to 0 is taken as the basis for the next optimization experiment.

[0088] In the embodiments of this application, a first candidate value of the first parameter is composed of a first candidate value of each of the first parameter items of the first parameter.

[0089] The first parameter includes the following items: floor height, building length-to-width ratio, building elevation, left and right roof slope angles, windward and leeward roof slope angles, and window-to-wall ratio.

[0090] In the embodiments of this application, a sequence of candidate values ​​for each first parameter item can be pre-set.

[0091] For the first parameter item i, the first parameter item candidate value sequence of the first parameter item i includes multiple first parameter item candidate values ​​of the first parameter item i, and each first parameter item candidate value of the first parameter item i is within the range of the first parameter item candidate values ​​of the first parameter item i.

[0092] Wherein, the first parameter i can be any one of the first parameter terms.

[0093] In one possible implementation, for the first parameter i, the difference between every two adjacent candidate values ​​of the first parameter i in the candidate value sequence of the first parameter i is the step size of the first parameter i.

[0094] As an example, the following parameters are considered: floor height (candidate values ​​for the first parameter range from 3.3m to 4.5m, with each step being 0.1m), length-to-width ratio (candidate values ​​for the first parameter range from 0.15m to 0.95m, with each step being 0.1m), building elevation (candidate values ​​for the first parameter range from 0m to 1.5m, with each step being 0.3m), left and right roof slope angles (candidate values ​​for the first parameter range from 15° to 85°, with each step being 5°), front and leeward roof slope angles (candidate values ​​for the first parameter range from 15° to 85°, with each step being 5°), and window-to-wall ratio (candidate values ​​for the first parameter range from 10% to 30%, with each step being 10%).

[0095] In this embodiment of the application, the candidate values ​​of all first parameter items can be combined to obtain multiple candidate values ​​of the first parameter.

[0096] Specifically, when combining the candidate values ​​of the first parameter items of all the first parameter items, the candidate values ​​of the first parameter items of the corresponding first parameter items participating in the combination are from the candidate value sequence of the first parameter items of the corresponding first parameter items.

[0097] When combining all candidate values ​​of the first parameter item, all candidate values ​​of the first parameter item i in the candidate value sequence of the first parameter item i participate in the combination, or the candidate values ​​of the first parameter item i that participate in the combination are selected by the engineer from the candidate value sequence of the first parameter item i.

[0098] In this embodiment of the application, the candidate values ​​of the second parameter items of all the second parameter items can be combined to obtain multiple candidate values ​​of the second parameter.

[0099] When combining all candidate values ​​of the second parameter item, the second parameter item participating in the combination... The candidate values ​​for a parameter item are derived from the candidate value sequence for the second parameter item of the corresponding second parameter item. The candidate value sequence for the second parameter item of the corresponding second parameter item can be: the candidate value sequence for the first parameter item of the corresponding second parameter item. That is, each candidate value for the first parameter item in the candidate value sequence for the first parameter item of the corresponding second parameter item is used as a candidate value for the second parameter item in the candidate value sequence for the second parameter item of the corresponding second parameter item.

[0100] In one possible implementation, when combining all candidate values ​​of the second parameter item, the candidate value of the second parameter item i to be combined is selected by the engineer from the sequence of candidate values ​​of the second parameter item i based on the optimized first value of the second parameter item i.

[0101] In another possible implementation, when combining all candidate values ​​of the second parameter item, all candidate values ​​of the second parameter item i involved in the combination are composed of the optimized first value of the second parameter item i and the candidate values ​​of the second parameter item i whose difference between the index of the optimized first value of the second parameter item i in the sequence of candidate values ​​of the second parameter item i and the index of the index of the optimized first value of the second parameter item i in the sequence of candidate values ​​of the second parameter item i is less than the difference threshold.

[0102] In another possible implementation, for the second parameter i, when combining the candidate values ​​of the second parameter i in all the candidate value sequences of the second parameter i, all the candidate values ​​of the second parameter i are included in the combination.

[0103] Wherein, the second parameter i can be any of the second parameter terms.

[0104] In the embodiments of this application, a sequence of candidate values ​​for each third parameter item can be pre-set.

[0105] For the third parameter i, the sequence of candidate values ​​for the third parameter i includes multiple candidate values ​​for the third parameter i, and each candidate value for the third parameter i is within the range of the candidate values ​​for the third parameter i.

[0106] The third parameter i can be any third parameter.

[0107] In this embodiment of the application, the candidate values ​​of the third parameter items of all the third parameter items can be combined to obtain multiple candidate values ​​of the third parameter.

[0108] Specifically, when combining the candidate values ​​of the third parameter items of all third parameter items, the candidate values ​​of the third parameter items participating in the combination are derived from the candidate value sequence of the third parameter items of the corresponding third parameter items.

[0109] For the third parameter i, when combining the candidate values ​​of the third parameter i, all the candidate values ​​of the third parameter i in the candidate value sequence participate in the combination, or the candidate values ​​of the third parameter i that participate in the combination are selected by the engineer from the candidate value sequence of the third parameter i.

[0110] In this embodiment of the application, in step S102, under the first case, the optimized first value of the first parameter is determined based on the value of the first index of the target building under the first candidate value of the first parameter of the target building. The first case includes: the target building has the optimized building orientation, and the input wind speed is the highest wind speed in the target area where the target building is located. The first parameter includes: the floor height of each floor, the building length-to-width ratio, the building lifting height, the left and right roof slope angles, the windward and leeward roof slope angles, and the window-to-wall ratio. The first index includes the following first index items: the average wind pressure coefficient of the roof, the difference between the average wind pressure coefficients of the windward and leeward sides, and the building heating energy consumption.

[0111] Alternatively, in step S102, the preliminary building form is optimized based on wind pressure and energy consumption: after determining the building orientation, the building form is first optimized based on wind pressure and energy consumption simulation. This stage uses the highest input wind speed to simulate wind pressure, simulating the pressure-bearing performance of each building form under the most extreme wind conditions. The optimization variables consist of each floor height, building length-to-width ratio, building elevation, left / right roof slope angle, front / back roof slope angle, and window-to-wall ratio; the optimization objectives consist of minimizing the absolute value of the average wind pressure coefficient of the roof, minimizing the absolute value of the difference between the average wind pressure coefficients of the front and back sides, and minimizing building heating energy consumption. The wind pressure coefficient is the ratio of the actual pressure or suction caused by wind on the building surface to the incoming wind pressure.

[0112] The maximum wind speed in the target area where the target building is located can be preset based on meteorological data of the target area. Alternatively, the maximum wind speed can be found from all wind speeds monitored in the target area within a given year, such as the year preceding the current year, and used as the maximum wind speed in the target area where the target building is located. Here, the current year refers to the year in which the method provided in this embodiment of the application is performed.

[0113] Building heating energy can specifically refer to the annual heating energy consumption per unit area.

[0114] In one possible implementation, in step S102, with the goal of minimizing the value of each first indicator item, an optimized first value of the first parameter is determined from a plurality of first candidate values ​​of the first parameter. That is, the optimized first value of the first parameter that minimizes the value of each first indicator item is determined from a plurality of first candidate values ​​of the first parameter.

[0115] It should be noted that the first scenario is a simulated scenario.

[0116] Any application used to simulate building-related situations can be used, such as Grasshopper to simulate the first scenario.

[0117] For the first candidate value i of the first parameter of the target building, the value of the first index of the target building under the first candidate value can specifically refer to: the value of the first index of the target building when the first condition is met and the value of the first parameter of the target building is the first candidate value i.

[0118] It should be noted that the left and right roof slope angles specifically refer to the angles of the left and right roof slopes. Similarly, the windward and leeward roof slope angles specifically refer to the angles of the windward and leeward roof slopes.

[0119] The difference between the average wind pressure coefficients of the windward and leeward sides can be one of the following: the absolute value of the difference between the average wind pressure coefficients of the windward and leeward sides, or the difference between the average wind pressure coefficients of the windward and leeward sides.

[0120] It should be noted that the wind pressure coefficient can refer to the ratio of the actual pressure or suction caused by wind on the surface of a building to the incoming wind pressure.

[0121] In one possible implementation, step S102, determining the optimized first value of the first parameter based on the value of the first index of the target building under the first candidate value of the first parameter of the target building, includes step S1021.

[0122] In step S1021, the value of the first indicator is calculated for each of the plurality of first candidate values ​​of the first parameter, wherein the value of the first indicator under the first candidate value includes: the value of each first indicator item of the first indicator under the first candidate value. Based on the value of the first indicator under each first candidate value, a first score set including the first score of the first indicator under each first candidate value is obtained, including: calculating the first score of the first indicator under the target first candidate value based on the value of the first indicator under the target first candidate value, wherein the target first candidate value is any first candidate value; and determining the first candidate value corresponding to the smallest first score in the first score set as the optimized first value of the first parameter.

[0123] It should be noted that for the first candidate value i and the first score i, if the first score i is the first score of the first indicator under the first candidate value i, then the first candidate value i is the first candidate value corresponding to the first score i.

[0124] In step S1021, any application used to simulate building-related situations and calculate the value of building indicators under simulated building-related situations, such as Grasshopper, can be used to calculate the value of the first indicator under each of the multiple first candidate values ​​of the first parameter.

[0125] As an example, the first parameter has N first candidate values. Using Grasshopper, we can calculate the value of the first indicator under the first candidate value of the first parameter, the value of the first indicator under the second candidate value of the first parameter, and so on, the value of the first indicator under the Nth candidate value of the first parameter.

[0126] In step S1021, the first set of values ​​for each item of the first indicator can be normalized.

[0127] The first set of values ​​for the first indicator item j consists of the values ​​of the first indicator item j under each first candidate value. Specifically, the value of the first indicator item j under the first candidate value i is derived from the value of the first indicator under the first candidate value i.

[0128] The first indicator term j can be any one of the first indicator terms.

[0129] Normalizing the first set of values ​​for the first indicator term j specifically means normalizing each value in the first set of values ​​for the first indicator term j.

[0130] By normalizing the first set of values ​​for the first indicator item j, we can obtain the normalized value of the first indicator item j under each first candidate value.

[0131] As an example, the first parameter has N candidate values. The set of values ​​for the first indicator item j consists of the value of the first indicator item j under the first candidate value of the first parameter, the value of the first indicator item j under the second candidate value of the first parameter, ..., the value of the first indicator item j under the Nth candidate value of the first parameter. Normalizing the set of values ​​for the first indicator item j yields the normalized value of the first indicator item j under the first candidate value, the normalized value of the first indicator item j under the second candidate value, ..., the normalized value of the first indicator item j under the Nth candidate value.

[0132] Based on the largest value and the smallest value in the first value set of the first indicator item j, the values ​​of the first indicator item j under the first candidate value i are normalized.

[0133] The normalized value of the first indicator term j under the first candidate value i can be calculated using the following formula: This represents the normalized value of the first index item j under the first candidate value i. This represents the value of the first indicator item j under the first candidate value i. It can also be called the original observation value of the j-th index of the i-th scheme. This represents the maximum value in the first set of values ​​for the first index item j. It can also be called the maximum value of this metric among all current candidate solutions (the worst performance boundary). This represents the minimum value in the first set of values ​​for the first index term j. It can also be called the minimum value of this metric among all current candidate solutions (the boundary of best performance).

[0134] In one possible implementation, in step S1021, calculating the first score of the first indicator under the target first candidate value, based on the value of the first indicator under the target first candidate value, includes: determining the sum of all normalized values ​​in the set of normalized values ​​included in the value of each first indicator item under the target first candidate value as the first score of the first indicator under the target first candidate value.

[0135] In one possible implementation, step S1021, calculating the first score of the first indicator under the first candidate value of the target based on the value of the first indicator under the first candidate value of the target, includes step S10211.

[0136] In step S10211, the first score of the first indicator under the target first candidate value is calculated based on the value of the first indicator under the target first candidate value and the weight of each first indicator item of the first indicator.

[0137] Specifically, calculating the first score of the first indicator under the target first candidate value, based on the value of the first indicator under the target first candidate value and the weight of each first indicator item of the first indicator, may include: determining the first score of the first indicator under the target first candidate value as the weighted sum of the normalized values ​​of all the values ​​of the first indicator items under the target first candidate value.

[0138] If step S1021 includes step S10211, the method provided in this application embodiment further includes: calculating the weight of each first indicator item of the first indicator; calculating the weight of each first indicator item of the first indicator includes: calculating the difference coefficient of each first indicator item, wherein the target first indicator item is any one of the first indicator items of the first indicator; calculating the difference coefficient of the target first indicator item includes: calculating the proportion of each first candidate value under the target first indicator item, wherein the proportion of the target first candidate value under the target first indicator item is the proportion of the normalized value of the target first indicator item under the target first candidate value to the sum of the normalized values ​​of the target first indicator item, wherein the sum of the normalized values ​​is the sum of all normalized values ​​in the set including the normalized values ​​of the target first indicator item under each first candidate value; calculating the information entropy of the target first indicator item based on the proportion of each first candidate value under the target first indicator item; calculating the difference coefficient of the target first indicator item based on the information entropy of the target first indicator item; and calculating the weight of each first indicator item based on the difference coefficient of each first indicator item.

[0139] The first candidate value for the target is i. The first indicator for the target is j.

[0140] The proportion of the first candidate value i under the first indicator item j can be calculated using the following formula: This represents the proportion of the first candidate value i under the first indicator item j. This represents the normalized value of the first indicator item j under the first candidate value i, and n represents the number of first candidate values. It can be called characteristic proportion. This reflects the weight of scheme i's score in the total score of this indicator, and the scores of all schemes... The sum is 1.

[0141] The following formula can be used to calculate the information entropy of the target first indicator item based on the proportion of each first candidate value under the target first indicator item: This represents the information entropy of the first indicator term, i.e., indicator term j. This represents the proportion of the first candidate value i under the first indicator item j, and n represents the number of the first candidate values. It reflects the degree of dispersion of the indicator.

[0142] The following formula can be used to calculate the difference coefficient of the first indicator of the target based on its information entropy: This represents the difference coefficient of the first indicator term, i.e., indicator term j. The information entropy represents the first indicator of the target.

[0143] The weight of each first indicator item can be calculated using the following formula, based on the difference coefficient of each first indicator item: This represents the weight of the first indicator term, i.e., indicator term j. The difference coefficient of the first indicator item (i.e., the first indicator item j) represents the target, and m represents the quantity of the first indicator item.

[0144] The value of the first indicator under the first candidate value of the target includes the value of each first indicator item under the first candidate value of the target.

[0145] In step S10211, the following formula can be used to calculate the first score of the first indicator under the first candidate value of the target, based on the value of the first indicator under the first candidate value of the target and the weight of each first indicator item of the first indicator: This represents the first score of the first indicator under the first candidate value of the target, i.e., the first candidate value i, where m represents the number of items in the first indicator. This represents the weight of the first indicator item j. This represents the normalized value of the first index item j under the first candidate value i.

[0146] In this embodiment of the application, in step S103, under the second case, the optimized second value of the second parameter is determined based on the value of the second index of the target building under the second candidate value of the second parameter of the target building. The second case includes: the target building has the optimized building orientation, the input wind speed is the annual average wind speed of the target area, the second parameter includes: building elevation height, left and right roof slope angle, windward and leeward roof slope angle, and the second index includes the following second index items: the percentage of detection points with surface wind speed less than the wind speed at which snow is not easily accumulated, the percentage of detection points with roof wind speed less than the wind speed at which snow is not easily accumulated, and the percentage of detection points with ground wind speed less than the wind speed at which snow is not easily accumulated.

[0147] Alternatively, in step S103, snow accumulation simulation is performed based on the optimal solution obtained in the second stage, further optimizing the building roof slope and lift height, using the annual average wind speed as the input wind speed. The optimization variables are the building lift height, the left / right roof slope angle, and the front / leeward roof slope angle; the optimization objectives are to minimize the proportion of detection points with wind speeds <3.3 m / s among all surface wind speeds, the proportion of detection points with wind speeds <3.3 m / s on roofs, and the proportion of detection points with wind speeds <3.3 m / s on the ground. The optimal solution for the third stage is selected based on the optimization objectives.

[0148] In one possible implementation, in step S103, with the objective of minimizing the value of each second indicator item, an optimized second value of the second parameter is determined from a plurality of second candidate values ​​of the second parameter. That is, the optimized second value of the second parameter that minimizes the value of each second indicator item is determined from a plurality of second candidate values ​​of the second parameter.

[0149] The annual average wind speed of the target area where the target building is located can be preset based on meteorological data of the target area. Alternatively, it can be determined based on meteorological data of the target area for one year, such as the year before the current year, to identify all wind speeds monitored within that year, and the average value of all wind speeds monitored within that year can be used as the annual average wind speed of the target area where the target building is located.

[0150] It should be noted that the second scenario is a simulation.

[0151] In step S103, any application used to simulate building-related situations, such as Grasshopper, can be used to simulate the second situation.

[0152] The second case also includes: fixing the values ​​of all first parameter items except the second parameter item, that is, the values ​​of the other first parameter items are: the optimized first values ​​of the other first parameter items.

[0153] It should be noted that, for the second candidate value i of the second parameter of the target building, the value of the second index of the target building under the second candidate value i can specifically refer to: the value of the second index of the target building when, in the second case, the value of the second parameter is the second candidate value i.

[0154] It should be noted that detection points for surface wind speed can refer to detection points on the surface of the target building. Detection points for ground wind speed can refer to detection points on the ground near the target building. Detection points for roof wind speed can refer to detection points on the roof of the target building. Wind speed sensors can be installed at various detection points on the surface of the target building to monitor surface wind speed, and at various detection points on the ground near the target building to monitor ground wind speed. Wind speed sensors can also be installed at various detection points on the roof of the target building to monitor roof wind speed.

[0155] The percentage of detection points with surface wind speeds lower than the wind speed at which snow accumulation is unlikely can be calculated as: the number of detection points with surface wind speeds lower than the wind speed at which snow accumulation is unlikely divided by the number of detection points on the surface of the target building. The percentage of detection points with roof wind speeds lower than the wind speed at which snow accumulation is unlikely can be calculated as: the number of detection points with roof wind speeds lower than the wind speed at which snow accumulation is unlikely divided by the number of detection points on the ground near the target building.

[0156] Whether snow accumulates on building surfaces and the ground depends primarily on whether the wind has enough energy to lift the snow particles. The wind speed at which snow accumulation is unlikely can be understood as the wind speed that provides sufficient energy to lift the snow particles. This wind speed can be determined based on the starting wind speed. The starting wind speed refers to the wind speed that causes snow particles on building surfaces and the ground to be lifted and carried by the wind, resulting in the phenomenon of blown snow.

[0157] In one possible implementation, the starting wind speed can be obtained through testing. In another possible implementation, the starting wind speed can be characterized by the frictional wind speed u*t. According to existing research, the usable frictional wind speed u*t is typically between 0.2 and 0.4 m / s.

[0158] In one possible implementation, the starting wind speed is taken as the wind speed at which snow accumulation is unlikely.

[0159] In another possible implementation, the wind speed at which snow accumulation is unlikely is 3.3 m / s. According to the wind speed profile formula, using a conservative value of 0.2 m / s for the frictional wind speed u*t, it can be concluded that snow accumulation is unlikely when the wind speed at the building surface is greater than 3.3 m / s. Therefore, 3.3 m / s is taken as the wind speed at which snow accumulation is unlikely. The wind speed profile formula is: This indicates the wind speed at which snow accumulation is unlikely.

[0160] In one possible implementation, step S103, determining the optimized second value of the second parameter based on the value of the second index of the target building under the second candidate value of the second parameter of the target building, includes step S1031.

[0161] In step S1031, the value of the second indicator is calculated for each of the multiple second candidate values ​​of the second parameter, wherein the value of the second indicator under the second candidate value includes: the value of each second indicator item of the second indicator under the second candidate value; based on the value of the second indicator under each second candidate value, a second score set including the second score of the second indicator under each second candidate value is obtained, including: based on the value of the second indicator under the target second candidate value, calculating the second score of the second indicator under the target second candidate value, wherein the target second candidate value is any second candidate value; and determining the second candidate value corresponding to the smallest second score in the second score set as the optimized second value of the second parameter.

[0162] In step S1031, any application used to simulate building-related situations and calculate the value of the building index under the simulated building-related situations, such as Grasshopper, can be used to calculate the value of the second index under each of the multiple second candidate values ​​of the second parameter.

[0163] The value of the second indicator under the second candidate value of the target includes the value of each second indicator item under the second candidate value of the target.

[0164] In step S1031, the second set of values ​​for each item of the second indicator can be normalized.

[0165] The second set of values ​​for the second indicator term j consists of the values ​​of the second indicator term j under each second candidate value. The value of the second indicator term j under the second candidate value i comes from the value of the second indicator under the second candidate value i.

[0166] The second indicator term j can be any one of the second indicator terms.

[0167] Normalizing the second set of values ​​for the second indicator term j specifically means normalizing each value in the second set of values ​​for the second indicator term j.

[0168] By normalizing the second set of values ​​for the second indicator term j, we can obtain the normalized value of the second indicator term j under each second candidate value.

[0169] The process of normalizing the second set of values ​​for the second indicator of the second indicator is the same as the process of normalizing the first set of values ​​for the first indicator of the first indicator described above.

[0170] In one possible implementation, in step S1031, calculating the second score of the second indicator under the target second candidate value, based on the value of the second indicator under the target second candidate value, includes: determining the sum of all normalized values ​​in the set of normalized values ​​of each second indicator item of the second indicator under the target second candidate value as the second score of the second indicator under the target second candidate value.

[0171] In one possible implementation, step S1031, calculating the second score of the second indicator under the second candidate value of the target based on the value of the second indicator under the second candidate value of the target includes: step S10311.

[0172] In step S10311, the second score of the second indicator under the target second candidate value is calculated based on the value of the second indicator under the target second candidate value and the weight of each second indicator item of the second indicator.

[0173] Specifically, calculating the second score of the second indicator under the target second candidate value, based on the value of the second indicator under the target second candidate value and the weight of each second indicator item of the second indicator, may include: determining the weighted sum of the normalized values ​​of all second indicator items under the target second candidate value as the second score of the second indicator under the target second candidate value.

[0174] If step S1031 includes step S10311, the method provided in this application embodiment further includes: calculating the weight of each second indicator item of the second indicator; calculating the weight of each second indicator item of the second indicator includes: calculating the difference coefficient of each second indicator item, wherein the target second indicator item is any one of the second indicator items of the second indicator; calculating the difference coefficient of the target second indicator item includes: calculating the proportion of each second candidate value under the target second indicator item, wherein the proportion of the target second candidate value under the target second indicator item is the proportion of the normalized value of the target second indicator item under the target second candidate value to the sum of the normalized values ​​of the target second indicator item, and the proportion of the sum of the normalized values ​​of the target second indicator item is the sum of all normalized values ​​in the set including the normalized values ​​of the target second indicator item under each second candidate value; calculating the information entropy of the target second indicator item based on the proportion of each second candidate value under the target second indicator item; calculating the difference coefficient of the target second indicator item based on the information entropy of the target second indicator item; and calculating the weight of each second indicator item based on the difference coefficient of each second indicator item.

[0175] It should be noted that the process of calculating the weight of each second indicator item of the second indicator is the same as the process of calculating the weight of each first indicator item of the first indicator described above. Referring to the process of calculating the weight of each first indicator item of the first indicator described above, the weight of each second indicator item of the second indicator is calculated.

[0176] In one possible implementation, step S104 is also included.

[0177] In step S104, under the third case, the optimized third value of the third parameter is determined based on the value of the third index of the target building under the third candidate value of the third parameter of the target building. The third parameter includes: the length and width of the windward protrusion, the length and width of the leeward protrusion, the top slope and bottom slope of the windward protrusion, and the top slope and bottom slope of the leeward protrusion. The third index is the difference in average wind pressure coefficient between the windward and leeward sides.

[0178] Alternatively, in step S104, based on the wind pressure difference, the building's local structure is optimized and improved: the fourth stage aims to optimize the windward face angle parameters and windward face slope parameters according to the windward / leeward pressure difference coefficient, with the goal of optimizing the detailed design of the building's windward / leeward face. Based on the square building form obtained in the second stage, protrusions on the windward and leeward faces are added to further optimize the windward / leeward pressure difference coefficient. The final optimal solution is selected based on the optimization objectives.

[0179] It should be noted that the third scenario is a simulated scenario.

[0180] In step S104, any application used to simulate building-related situations can be used, such as Grasshopper, to simulate a third situation.

[0181] The length and width of the protruding part on the windward side specifically refer to the length and width of the protruding part on the windward side. The length and width of the protruding part on the leeward side specifically refer to the length and width of the protruding part on the leeward side.

[0182] The third scenario may include: fixing the values ​​of all first parameter items except the second parameter item, i.e., the values ​​of the other first parameter items are the optimized first values ​​of the other first parameter items; fixing the values ​​of the second indicator items, i.e., the values ​​of the second indicator items are the optimized second values ​​of the second indicator items; and inputting the wind speed as a preset wind speed.

[0183] For the third candidate value i of the third parameter of the target building, the value of the third index of the target building under the third candidate value i can specifically refer to: the value of the third index of the target building when in the third case and the value of the third parameter is the third candidate value i.

[0184] In one possible implementation, in step S104, determining the optimized third value of the third parameter based on the value of the third index of the target building under the third candidate value of the third parameter of the target building includes step S1041.

[0185] In step S1041, determining the optimized third value of the third parameter based on the value of the third indicator of the target building under the third candidate value of the third parameter includes: calculating the value of the third indicator under each of the multiple third candidate values ​​of the third parameter; obtaining a third score set including the third score of the third indicator under each third candidate value based on the value of the third indicator under each third candidate value, including: calculating the third score of the third indicator under the target third candidate value based on the value of the third indicator under the target third candidate value, wherein the target third candidate value is any third candidate value; and determining the third candidate value corresponding to the smallest third score in the third score set as the optimized third value of the third parameter.

[0186] In step S1041, any application used to simulate building-related situations and calculate the value of building indicators under the simulated building-related situations, such as Grasshopper, can be used to calculate the value of the third indicator under each of the multiple third candidate values ​​of the third parameter.

[0187] In step S1041, the third set of values ​​for the third indicator can be normalized. The third set of values ​​for the third indicator consists of the values ​​of the third indicator under each third candidate value. Normalizing the third set of values ​​for the third indicator specifically means normalizing each value in the third set of values ​​for the third indicator. Normalizing the third set of values ​​for the third indicator yields the normalized value of the third indicator under each third candidate value. The process of normalizing the third set of values ​​for the third indicator is similar to the process of normalizing the first set of values ​​for the first indicator item of the first indicator described above.

[0188] In one possible implementation, the value of the third indicator under the target third candidate value is determined as the third score of the third indicator under the target third candidate value.

[0189] In one possible implementation, step S1041, calculating the third score of the third indicator under the target third candidate value based on the value of the third indicator under the target third candidate value, includes step S10411.

[0190] In step S10411, calculating the third score of the third indicator under the target third candidate value based on the value of the third indicator under the target third candidate value includes: determining the normalized value of the value of the third indicator under the target third candidate value as the third score of the third indicator under the target third candidate value.

[0191] refer to Figure 5 It shows a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of phased optimization of the shape of the target building.

[0192] Figure 5 Shape ID499, shape ID500, and shape ID1742 are shown. Figure 5 The roof plane 501, the windward or leeward roof slope 502, and the left or right roof slope 503 are shown.

[0193] After step S102, the target building's shape ID499, including the optimized first value of the first parameter, is obtained. After step S103, the target building's shape ID500, including the optimized first value of other first items and the optimized second value of the second parameter, is obtained. After step S104, the target building's shape ID1742, including the optimized first value of other first items, the optimized second value of the second parameter, and the optimized third value of the third parameter, is obtained.

[0194] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0195] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in hardware, software modules executed by a processor, or a combination of both.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing building form, characterized in that: The method includes: The optimized building orientation of the target building is determined based on the average wind pressure on the windward and leeward sides of the target building under each of the multiple candidate building orientations. In the first case, based on the value of the first index of the target building under the first candidate value of the first parameter of the target building, the optimized first value of the first parameter is determined. The first case includes: the target building has the optimized building orientation, and the input wind speed is the highest wind speed in the target area where the target building is located. The first parameter includes: floor height, building length-to-width ratio, building lifting height, left and right roof slope angles, windward and leeward roof slope angles, and window-to-wall ratio. The first index includes the following first index items: average wind pressure coefficient of the roof, difference in average wind pressure coefficient between the windward and leeward sides, and building heating energy consumption. In the second case, based on the second candidate values ​​of the second parameter of the target building and the values ​​of the second index of the target building, the optimized second value of the second parameter is determined. The second case includes: the target building has the optimized building orientation, the input wind speed is the annual average wind speed of the target area, the second parameter includes: building elevation height, left and right roof slope angles, windward and leeward roof slope angles, and the second index includes the following second index items: the percentage of detection points with surface wind speed less than the wind speed at which snow accumulation is not likely, the percentage of detection points with roof wind speed less than the wind speed at which snow accumulation is not likely, and the percentage of detection points with ground wind speed less than the wind speed at which snow accumulation is not likely.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further includes: In the third case, based on the third candidate value of the third parameter of the target building and the value of the third index of the target building, the optimized third value of the third parameter is determined. The third parameter includes: the length and width of the windward protrusion, the length and width of the leeward protrusion, the top slope and bottom slope of the windward protrusion, and the top slope and bottom slope of the leeward protrusion. The third index is the difference in average wind pressure coefficient between the windward and leeward sides.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the average wind pressure on the windward and leeward sides of the target building under each of the multiple candidate building orientations, the optimized building orientation of the target building is determined as follows: Calculate the absolute value of the average wind pressure corresponding to each candidate building orientation, where the target candidate building orientation is any candidate building orientation, and the absolute value of the average wind pressure corresponding to the target candidate building orientation is the sum of the absolute values ​​of the average wind pressure on the windward side of the target building when the target building has the target candidate building orientation and the absolute values ​​of the average wind pressure on the leeward side of the target building when the target building has the target candidate building orientation. The candidate building orientation with the smallest absolute value of the corresponding average wind pressure is determined as the optimized building orientation of the target building.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the optimized first value of the first parameter based on the first candidate value of the first parameter of the target building and the value of the first index of the target building includes: Calculate the value of the first indicator under each of the multiple first candidate values ​​of the first parameter, wherein the value of the first indicator under the first candidate value includes: the value of each first indicator item of the first indicator under the first candidate value. Based on the value of the first indicator under each first candidate value, a first score set including the first score of the first indicator under each first candidate value is obtained, including: calculating the first score of the first indicator under the target first candidate value based on the value of the first indicator under the target first candidate value, wherein the target first candidate value is any first candidate value; The first candidate value corresponding to the smallest first score in the first score set is determined as the optimized first value of the first parameter.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Based on the value of the first indicator under the first candidate value of the target, the first score of the first indicator under the first candidate value of the target is calculated as follows: Based on the value of the first indicator under the first candidate value of the target and the weight of each first indicator item of the first indicator, a first score of the first indicator under the first candidate value of the target is calculated; and the method further includes: calculating the weight of each first indicator item of the first indicator, wherein calculating the weight of each first indicator item of the first indicator includes: Calculate the difference coefficient for each of the first indicator items, wherein the target first indicator item is any one of the first indicator items, and the calculation of the difference coefficient for the target first indicator item includes: Calculate the proportion of each first candidate value under the target first indicator item, wherein the proportion of the target first candidate value under the target first indicator item is the proportion of the normalized value of the target first indicator item under the target first candidate value to the sum of the normalized values ​​of the target first indicator item, and the sum of the normalized values ​​is the sum of all normalized values ​​in the set including the normalized values ​​of the target first indicator item under each first candidate value; calculate the information entropy of the target first indicator item based on the proportion of each first candidate value under the target first indicator item; calculate the difference coefficient of the target first indicator item based on the information entropy of the target first indicator item; The weight of each first indicator item is calculated based on the difference coefficient of each first indicator item.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the second candidate values ​​of the second parameter of the target building, the optimized second values ​​of the second parameter are determined as follows: Calculate the value of the second indicator under each of the multiple second candidate values ​​of the second parameter, wherein the value of the second indicator under the second candidate value includes: the value of each second indicator item of the second indicator under the second candidate value; Based on the value of the second indicator under each second candidate value, a second score set including the second score of the second indicator under each second candidate value is obtained, including: calculating the second score of the second indicator under the target second candidate value based on the value of the second indicator under the target second candidate value, wherein the target second candidate value is any second candidate value; The second candidate value corresponding to the smallest second score in the second score set is determined as the optimized second value of the second parameter.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Based on the value of the second indicator under the second candidate value of the target, the second score of the second indicator under the second candidate value of the target is calculated as follows: Based on the value of the second indicator under the target second candidate value and the weight of each second indicator item of the second indicator, a second score of the second indicator under the target second candidate value is calculated; and the method further includes: calculating the weight of each second indicator item of the second indicator, wherein calculating the weight of each second indicator item of the second indicator includes: Calculate the difference coefficient for each of the second indicator items, wherein the target second indicator item is any one of the second indicator items. Calculating the difference coefficient for the target second indicator item includes: Calculate the proportion of each second candidate value under the target second indicator item, where the proportion of the target second candidate value under the target second indicator item is the proportion of the normalized value of the target second indicator item under the target second candidate value to the sum of the normalized values ​​of the target second indicator item, and the sum of the normalized values ​​is the sum of all normalized values ​​in the set including the normalized values ​​of the target second indicator item under each second candidate value; calculate the information entropy of the target second indicator item based on the proportion of each second candidate value under the target second indicator item; calculate the difference coefficient of the target second indicator item based on the information entropy of the target second indicator item; The weight of each second indicator item is calculated based on the difference coefficient of each second indicator item.

8. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The process of determining the optimized third value of the third parameter based on the third candidate value of the third parameter of the target building and the value of the third index of the target building includes: Calculate the value of the third index for each of the multiple third candidate values ​​of the third parameter; Based on the value of the third indicator under each third candidate value, a third score set including the third score of the third indicator under each third candidate value is obtained, including: calculating the third score of the third indicator under the target third candidate value based on the value of the third indicator under the target third candidate value, wherein the target third candidate value is any third candidate value; The third candidate value corresponding to the smallest third score in the third score set is determined as the optimized third value of the third parameter.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Based on the value of the third indicator under the third candidate value of the target, the third score of the third indicator under the third candidate value of the target is calculated as follows: The normalized value of the third indicator under the third candidate value of the target is determined as the third score of the third indicator under the third candidate value of the target.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The target region is at least one of the following: Antarctica, or a region that has experienced extreme snow and ice weather. When the target region is Antarctica, the target building is an Antarctic research station.

Images