An adjustable wedge-shaped window air infiltration regulating system for oxygen-enriched buildings

Abstract

The adjustable wedge-shaped window gap air permeation adjusting system for oxygen-enriched buildings relates to the technical field of air permeation adjustment of external envelope, and is used for solving the problem that the fixed-section external window gap is difficult to change the difference between positive and reverse permeation resistance in an asymmetric manner. The system comprises an adjustable wedge-shaped gap component, a gap adjusting mechanism, a sensor component and a controller. The adjustable wedge-shaped gap component comprises a fixed first sealing member and a monolithic second sealing member capable of being lifted, and the two form a non-equal-section air permeation channel. The second sealing member has an indoor-side inlet adjusting part and an outdoor-side outlet adjusting part, and the first and second lifting rods are connected with the inlet adjusting part and the outlet adjusting part respectively. The sensor component collects indoor and outdoor parameters, and the controller drives the gap adjusting mechanism to make the first and second lifting rods drive the second sealing member to be lifted, so as to adjust the inlet height b in and the outlet height b out . When b out is greater than b in , the channel is gradually expanded from the indoor side to the outdoor side. The system is used for air permeation adjustment of the external window gap of oxygen-enriched buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air permeability regulation of building envelope and indoor environment regulation, and particularly to an adjustable wedge-shaped window gap air permeability regulation system for oxygen-enriched buildings, which is especially suitable for air permeability regulation of exterior windows in high-altitude, heated, and oxygen-enriched buildings. Background Technology

[0002] With increasingly stringent energy conservation requirements for buildings, the airtightness of building doors, windows, and external envelope structures is continuously improving. Highly airtight doors and windows can reduce uncontrolled air infiltration caused by factors such as wind pressure and thermal pressure, thereby reducing heating or cooling energy consumption. However, in actual building operation, excessively high airtightness can also weaken the exchange capacity between indoor and outdoor air, easily leading to increased indoor CO2 concentration and affecting indoor air quality. Therefore, how to reduce unnecessary air infiltration while achieving controlled air discharge as needed has become an important issue in the regulation of air infiltration in building envelope structures.

[0003] In oxygen-enriched buildings, the indoor oxygen concentration typically needs to be maintained higher than that of the outdoor environment. Air infiltration through door and window gaps is driven by factors such as wind pressure, thermal pressure, or the pressure difference between indoors and outdoors created by mechanical ventilation, resulting in a comprehensive exchange of indoor and outdoor air. When indoor air infiltrates outdoors, it carries away oxygen-enriched air, causing oxygen loss and increasing the oxygen load on the oxygen replenishment system. Conversely, when outdoor air infiltrates indoors, it dilutes the existing oxygen-enriched environment, requiring additional oxygen replenishment to maintain the target oxygen concentration. This is especially true for high-altitude heated oxygen-enriched buildings, where the outdoor environment is typically characterized by low air pressure, low temperature, and low oxygen levels. Air infiltration also causes heat loss, increasing the heating load. Therefore, regulating air infiltration through window gaps in such buildings is essentially a dynamic trade-off between air exchange volume, accompanying heat load, oxygen load, and indoor CO2 removal efficiency under the same air infiltration process.

[0004] Most existing smart windows control their opening and closing by monitoring indoor CO2 concentration, temperature and humidity, wind speed, or rain signals. These solutions typically adjust the overall opening and closing status or angle of the window sash, primarily altering the overall ventilation area of ​​the window. They struggle to finely adjust the air infiltration channels at the window seams, and also cannot alter the resistance differences between forward and reverse infiltration through the geometry of the window seams.

[0005] Existing natural ventilators, fresh air windows, or window-type air circulation devices mostly achieve air exchange through fixed ventilation holes, independent air ducts, filters, or fans. Their air exchange path is usually an independent ventilation channel, rather than an adjustable non-uniform cross-section window gap structure formed by external window sealing components. The control objectives of such devices are mostly focused on ventilation volume regulation, filtration and purification, or rain and dust prevention, and it is difficult to adjust the geometric shape of the air infiltration process at the external window sealing gaps, which is affected by wind pressure, thermal pressure, mechanical ventilation pressure difference, and atmospheric pressure.

[0006] Existing door and window sealing structures mostly use fixed sealing strips or equal-section gap structures, which can usually only passively seal or form gaps of a fixed shape. Even if some structures can change the gap opening, the adjustment method is mostly to open or close the gap as a whole. The forward and reverse airflows still basically face the same or nearly symmetrical channel shape. It is difficult to form a controllable non-equal-section air infiltration channel by adjusting the gap inlet height and gap outlet height separately, and it is also difficult to asymmetrically change the difference in air infiltration resistance in the direction from the indoor side to the outdoor side and from the outdoor side to the indoor side.

[0007] For oxygen-enriched buildings, CO2 removal, oxygen-enriched air retention, and heat loss control are not completely decoupled. Increasing the airflow area of ​​window gaps is beneficial for removing indoor CO2, but may increase the escape of oxygen-enriched air and heat loss; decreasing the airflow area of ​​window gaps is beneficial for oxygen retention and heat preservation, but may reduce the indoor CO2 removal capacity. Therefore, the regulation of air infiltration through external window gaps should be adjusted according to different time periods, different indoor and outdoor pressure differences, and different indoor environmental requirements, adjusting the airflow area and the wedge shape of the channels to achieve a dynamic trade-off between heat load, oxygen load, and CO2 removal requirements.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose an adjustable wedge-shaped window gap air infiltration regulation system for oxygen-enriched buildings. This system forms a non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel between a fixed seal and an integral adjustable seal. By adjusting the height of the gap inlet and the gap outlet, the channel can be made into a wedge-shaped air infiltration channel that gradually expands from the indoor side to the outdoor side under the exhaust regulation configuration. This allows for the adjustment of the window gap flow area, wedge shape, and the difference in air infiltration resistance between the forward and reverse sides. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention provides an adjustable wedge-shaped window gap air infiltration regulation system for oxygen-enriched buildings, addressing the problem that existing fixed-section exterior window gaps cannot effectively alter the difference in forward and reverse air infiltration resistance through asymmetrical window gap geometry. The system forms a non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel using a fixed first seal and an integrally adjustable second seal. The heights of the inlet and outlet sides of the second seal are adjusted by a first and a second lifting rod, respectively, to adjust the gap inlet height b. in and the height of the gap exit b outCapable of synchronous or differential changes; in the exhaust regulation configuration, making b out Greater than b in This creates a wedge-shaped air infiltration channel that gradually expands from the indoor side to the outdoor side.

[0010] The present invention provides an adjustable wedge-shaped window gap air infiltration regulation system for oxygen-enriched buildings, comprising a window frame, a window sash, an adjustable wedge-shaped gap assembly, a gap adjustment mechanism, a sensor assembly, and a controller.

[0011] The adjustable wedge-shaped gap assembly is disposed in the window gap adjustment area of ​​the window frame, including a first sealing member fixedly disposed on the lower surface of the upper sealing mounting part inside the window frame and a second sealing member disposed vertically on the upper surface of the lower sealing mounting part inside the window frame or in the lower sealing mounting groove.

[0012] The second seal is an integral adjustable seal, and includes an inlet-side adjustment section and an outlet-side adjustment section along the direction from the indoor side to the outdoor side. The inlet-side adjustment section can be adjusted up and down relative to the first seal to form a gap inlet height b. in The outlet-side adjustment section can be raised and lowered relative to the first seal to form a gap outlet height b. out A non-uniform cross-section air permeation channel is formed between the first seal and the second seal.

[0013] The regulating system has an exhaust regulating configuration. In this exhaust regulating configuration, the slit outlet height b out Greater than the gap inlet height b in This causes the non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel to form a wedge-shaped air infiltration channel that gradually expands from the indoor side to the outdoor side.

[0014] The gap adjustment mechanism includes a first lifting rod and a second lifting rod. The first lifting rod is connected to the inlet-side adjustment part of the second seal and is used to adjust the gap inlet height b. in The second lifting rod is connected to the outlet-side adjusting part of the second seal, and is used to adjust the outlet height b of the gap. out .

[0015] The sensor assembly includes an indoor CO2 concentration sensor, an indoor oxygen concentration sensor, an indoor temperature sensor, an outdoor temperature sensor, an indoor-outdoor pressure difference sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, and an outdoor wind speed and direction sensor. The sensor assembly is connected to the controller, or connected to the controller via a data acquisition unit.

[0016] The controller is connected to the gap adjustment mechanism. The controller is used to adjust the gap based on the indoor and outdoor parameters collected by the sensor assembly and the gap inlet height b. in and the height b of the gap outletout The combined pressure difference and air permeation amount acting on the non-uniform cross-section air permeation channel are determined, and a control signal is output to the gap adjustment mechanism according to the combined pressure difference and air permeation amount, so that the first lifting rod and the second lifting rod synchronously or differentially adjust the inlet side height and outlet side height of the second seal.

[0017] In one implementation, the controller determines the overall pressure difference ΔP using either a direct detection mode or a component estimation mode, with the positive direction being from the indoor side to the outdoor side. In the direct detection mode, the overall pressure difference ΔP is determined by the detection value from the indoor-outdoor pressure difference sensor; in the component estimation mode, the overall pressure difference ΔP is characterized as follows: ΔP=ΔP wind +ΔP stack +ΔP positive ; Among them, the wind pressure term ΔP wind Determined based on outdoor wind speed and direction, window orientation, building surface pressure coefficient, and air density corrected for atmospheric pressure; thermal pressure term ΔP stack Determined based on indoor and outdoor temperature difference, air density difference, and installation height of gaps; mechanical ventilation pressure difference term ΔP positive The oxygen concentration is determined based on the mechanical air supply volume, mechanical exhaust volume, or indoor slight positive pressure setpoint. Indoor and outdoor oxygen concentration parameters are used to calculate oxygen load and are not included as a pressure difference term driving overall air infiltration; atmospheric pressure is used for air density correction and is not added to the overall pressure difference ΔP as an independent pressure difference term.

[0018] In one embodiment, the controller is used to determine the pressure difference ΔP, air density, and gap inlet height b based on the overall pressure difference ΔP, air density, and gap inlet height b. in , gap exit height b out The air infiltration rate is determined by the gap width. When the overall pressure difference ΔP is greater than zero, the controller determines the forward infiltration rate from the indoor side to the outdoor side; when the overall pressure difference ΔP is less than zero, the controller determines the reverse infiltration rate from the outdoor side to the indoor side. The controller is also used to calculate the heat load based on the air infiltration rate, air density, air specific heat capacity, and indoor-outdoor temperature difference; calculate the oxygen load based on the air infiltration rate, indoor oxygen concentration, outdoor oxygen concentration parameters, and air density corrected for atmospheric pressure, or calculate the oxygen load based on the amount of supplemental oxygen required to maintain the target oxygen concentration of the oxygen-enriched system; and calculate the CO2 discharge rate based on the air infiltration rate, indoor CO2 concentration, and outdoor CO2 concentration parameters.

[0019] In one embodiment, the first lifting rod includes a first drive motor, a first nut slider, a first lead screw, and a first lifting support; the second lifting rod includes a second drive motor, a second nut slider, a second lead screw, and a second lifting support. The first drive motor is driven by the first lead screw and drives it to rotate. The first nut slider is threaded into the first lead screw and connected to the first lifting support, converting the rotational motion of the first lead screw into linear lifting motion of the first lifting support. The second drive motor is driven by the second lead screw and drives it to rotate. The second nut slider is threaded into the second lead screw and connected to the second lifting support, converting the rotational motion of the second lead screw into linear lifting motion of the second lifting support. The first lifting support is connected to the inlet-side adjustment portion of the second seal, and the second lifting support is connected to the outlet-side adjustment portion of the second seal. The first and second lifting supports are respectively connected to the second seal via pin hinges or ball joints, allowing the second seal to tilt relative to the first seal when the inlet and outlet sides are at different heights.

[0020] In one embodiment, the slit inlet height b in The gap outlet height b is between 0.1 mm and 7 mm. out Greater than the gap inlet height b in The angle between the upper surface of the second seal and the lower surface of the first seal is 0.2° to 2.0°, and the length of the non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel from the indoor side to the outdoor side is 160mm to 240mm. The gap outlet height b out With the gap entrance height b in The difference is determined by the included angle and the length of the non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel.

[0021] In one embodiment, the second seal, driven by the first and second lifting rods, has four operating modes: an overall upward movement, an overall downward movement, an angle increase mode, and an angle decrease mode. In the overall upward movement mode, the first and second lifting rods rise synchronously, causing b... in and b out Synchronous reduction; under the overall descent condition, the first and second lifting rods descend synchronously, causing b in and b out Synchronous increase; under the condition of angle increase, the first lifting rod and the second lifting rod are differentially adjusted so that b out With b in The difference increases, while b remains constant. out Greater than b inUnder the condition of angle reduction, the first lifting rod and the second lifting rod are differentially adjusted so that b out With b in The difference decreases, while b remains constant. out Greater than b in .

[0022] Through the above technical solution, the present invention can form an adjustable non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel by means of a first sealing element and an integral adjustable second sealing element, and adjust the gap inlet height b by means of a first lifting rod and a second lifting rod respectively. in and the height of the gap exit b out This alters the airflow area, wedge shape, and differences in air infiltration resistance between forward and reverse directions in the window seams. The system can be used to regulate air infiltration in the window seams of oxygen-enriched buildings, and can dynamically adjust the heat load, oxygen load, and CO2 emission requirements at different times based on parameters such as indoor CO2 concentration, indoor oxygen concentration, indoor and outdoor temperature, indoor and outdoor pressure difference, atmospheric pressure, and outdoor wind speed and direction.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects.

[0024] First, this invention forms a non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel through a fixed first sealing element and an integral adjustable second sealing element. Unlike traditional fixed sealing strips or uniform cross-section gap structures, this allows for adjustment of the gap inlet height b. in and the height of the gap exit b out Change the shape of the window gap channel.

[0025] Secondly, the present invention connects the inlet-side adjustment part and the outlet-side adjustment part of the second seal respectively through the first lifting rod and the second lifting rod, so that the second seal can be raised or lowered as a whole or tilted differentially, thereby realizing the adjustment of the flow area and the wedge shape.

[0026] Third, this invention enables b in the exhaust regulation configuration. out Greater than b in This forms a wedge-shaped air infiltration channel that gradually expands from the indoor side to the outdoor side, so that the direction from the indoor side to the outdoor side and the direction from the outdoor side to the indoor side face different channel geometries, thereby asymmetrically changing the difference in air infiltration resistance between the forward and reverse sides.

[0027] Fourth, the present invention acquires indoor and outdoor parameters through sensor components and controllers, and outputs control signals to the gap adjustment mechanism based on the comprehensive pressure difference and air infiltration, so that the window gap geometric parameters can be adjusted according to changes in the indoor and outdoor environment.

[0028] Fifth, this invention is applicable to the regulation of air infiltration through window gaps in oxygen-enriched buildings, and is especially suitable for scenarios in high-altitude, heated, oxygen-enriched buildings where dynamic compromises need to be made to adjust the requirements for heat preservation, oxygen retention, and indoor CO2 removal at different times. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an adjustable wedge-shaped window gap air infiltration regulation system for oxygen-enriched buildings according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first lifting rod in this invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second lifting rod in this invention.

[0032] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram, the components are labeled as follows: window frame 1, window sash 2, adjustable wedge gap assembly 3, gap adjustment mechanism 4, sensor assembly 5, controller 6, first seal 31, second seal 32, non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel 33, first lifting rod 34, second lifting rod 35, first drive motor 341, first nut slider 342, first lead screw 343, first lifting support 344, second drive motor 351, second nut slider 352, second lead screw 353, second lifting support 354, indoor CO2 concentration sensor 51, indoor oxygen concentration sensor 52, indoor temperature sensor 53, outdoor temperature sensor 54, indoor-outdoor pressure difference sensor 55, atmospheric pressure sensor 56, outdoor wind speed and direction sensor 57, data acquisition instrument 58, air infiltration calculation module 61, target parameter judgment module 62, and control signal output module 63.

[0034] Among them, b in b represents the height of the gap inlet formed between the inlet-side adjustment portion of the first seal 31 and the second seal 32. out This indicates the height of the gap outlet formed between the outlet-side adjustment portions of the first seal 31 and the second seal 32. in and b out The geometric parameters of the non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel 33 are preferably marked on [the specified location]. Figure 1 The inlet and outlet positions between the first seal 31 and the second seal 32 Detailed Implementation

[0035] See Figure 1This embodiment describes an adjustable wedge-shaped window gap air infiltration regulation system for oxygen-enriched buildings, applied to the exterior windows of such buildings, particularly suitable for air infiltration regulation in high-altitude, temperature-enriched, oxygen-enriched buildings. The system includes a window frame 1, a window sash 2, an adjustable wedge-shaped gap assembly 3, a gap adjustment mechanism 4, a sensor assembly 5, and a controller 6. The window sash 2 is located within the window frame 1 and is used to open and close the building's exterior window.

[0036] See Figure 1 An adjustable wedge-shaped gap assembly 3 is disposed in the window gap adjustment area of ​​the window frame 1, including a first seal 31 and a second seal 32. The first seal 31 is a fixed seal and is disposed on the lower surface of the upper sealing mounting part inside the window frame 1; the second seal 32 is an integral adjustable seal and is disposed vertically on the upper surface of the lower sealing mounting part inside the window frame 1 or in the lower sealing mounting groove. The first seal 31 and the second seal 32 are disposed opposite to each other, forming a non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel 33 between them.

[0037] The second seal 32 includes an inlet-side adjustment section and an outlet-side adjustment section along the direction from the indoor side to the outdoor side. The inlet-side adjustment section can be adjusted up and down relative to the first seal 31 to form a gap inlet height b. in The outlet-side adjustment section can be raised and lowered relative to the first seal 31 to form a gap outlet height b. out .

[0038] The regulating system has an exhaust regulating configuration. In the exhaust regulating configuration, the slit outlet height b... out Greater than the gap entrance height b in This causes the non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel 33 to form a gradually expanding wedge-shaped air infiltration channel from the indoor side to the outdoor side. By synchronously or differentially adjusting the inlet and outlet sides of the second seal 32 through the first lifting rod 34 and the second lifting rod 35, the flow area, wedge shape, and difference in forward and reverse air infiltration resistance of the non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel 33 can be changed.

[0039] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 The gap adjustment mechanism 4 includes a first lifting rod 34 and a second lifting rod 35. The first lifting rod 34 includes a first drive motor 341, a first nut slider 342, a first lead screw 343, and a first lifting support 344. The first drive motor 341 is connected to the first lead screw 343 for driving the first lead screw 343 to rotate; the first nut slider 342 is threadedly engaged with the first lead screw 343 to convert the rotational motion of the first lead screw 343 into linear lifting motion; the first lifting support 344 is connected to the first nut slider 342 and to the inlet-side adjustment part of the second seal 32, thereby driving the inlet side of the second seal 32 to rise and fall, so as to adjust the gap inlet height b. in .

[0040] The second lifting rod 35 includes a second drive motor 351, a second nut slider 352, a second lead screw 353, and a second lifting support 354. The second drive motor 351 is connected to the second lead screw 353 for driving its rotation. The second nut slider 352 is threadedly engaged with the second lead screw 353 to convert its rotational motion into linear lifting motion. The second lifting support 354 is connected to the second nut slider 352 and to the outlet-side adjustment section of the second seal 32, thereby raising and lowering the outlet side of the second seal 32 to adjust the gap outlet height b. out .

[0041] In one specific embodiment, the first lifting support 344 and the second lifting support 354 are respectively connected to the second seal 32 by a pin hinge or a ball joint, so as to allow the second seal 32 to be tilted relative to the first seal 31 when the heights on the inlet side and the outlet side are different, thereby forming a non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel 33 between the first seal 31 and the second seal 32.

[0042] In another specific embodiment, the first lifting support 344 and the second lifting support 354 can also be connected to the second seal 32 via a hinged seat, a flexible connector, or other connection structure that allows the second seal 32 to undergo angular changes. The flexible connector can be an elastic connecting piece, an elastic pad, or a flexible support, and its function is to absorb the angular deviation generated when the first lifting rod 34 and the second lifting rod 35 are raised and lowered differentially, so as to avoid structural interference with the second seal 32 during the adjustment process.

[0043] See Figure 1 The sensor assembly 5 includes an indoor CO2 concentration sensor 51, an indoor oxygen concentration sensor 52, an indoor temperature sensor 53, an outdoor temperature sensor 54, an indoor-outdoor pressure difference sensor 55, an atmospheric pressure sensor 56, and an outdoor wind speed and direction sensor 57. The indoor CO2 concentration sensor 51 detects indoor CO2 concentration; the indoor oxygen concentration sensor 52 detects indoor oxygen concentration; the indoor temperature sensor 53 detects indoor temperature; the outdoor temperature sensor 54 detects outdoor temperature; the indoor-outdoor pressure difference sensor 55 detects the pressure difference between the indoor and outdoor sides; the atmospheric pressure sensor 56 detects atmospheric pressure; and the outdoor wind speed and direction sensor 57 detects outdoor wind speed and direction. These sensors can be directly connected to the controller 6 or connected separately to a data acquisition unit 58. The data acquisition unit 58 receives, collects, and converts the signals from each sensor and inputs the collected data into the controller 6.

[0044] The controller 6 is connected to the gap adjustment mechanism 4. The controller 6 adjusts the gap based on the indoor and outdoor parameters collected by the sensor assembly 5 and the gap inlet height b.in and the height of the gap exit b out The combined pressure difference and air permeation amount acting on the non-uniform cross-section air permeation channel 33 are determined, and a control signal is output to the gap adjustment mechanism 4 according to the combined pressure difference and air permeation amount, so that the first lifting rod 34 and the second lifting rod 35 synchronously or differentially adjust the inlet side height and outlet side height of the second seal 32.

[0045] In one specific embodiment, the controller 6 may include an air permeability calculation module 61, a target parameter judgment module 62, and a control signal output module 63. The air permeability calculation module 61, the target parameter judgment module 62, and the control signal output module 63 can be integrated within the controller 6, or they can be implemented using independent circuit boards, embedded processing modules, or programmable control modules. These modules are used to calculate air permeability, determine target gap parameters, and control the actuators, and do not limit the controller 6 to a specific model or hardware structure.

[0046] In one specific embodiment, the controller 6 can adjust the adjustment system according to the following process.

[0047] Step 1: Parameter Detection Indoor CO2 concentration sensor 51, indoor oxygen concentration sensor 52, indoor temperature sensor 53, outdoor temperature sensor 54, indoor-outdoor pressure difference sensor 55, atmospheric pressure sensor 56, and outdoor wind speed and direction sensor 57 respectively collect indoor CO2 concentration, indoor oxygen concentration, indoor temperature, outdoor temperature, indoor-outdoor pressure difference, atmospheric pressure, and outdoor wind speed and direction. The collected data from these sensors can be directly input into controller 6, or the collected data can be input into controller 6 through data acquisition device 58. Controller 6 can also acquire or retrieve outdoor oxygen concentration parameters, which can be preset values, values ​​retrieved from an altitude database, or outdoor oxygen concentration detection values.

[0048] Step 2: Calculation of air density, overall pressure difference, and air infiltration. Controller 6 calculates the air density correction value based on indoor temperature, outdoor temperature, and atmospheric pressure. Controller 6 determines the overall pressure difference ΔP using both direct detection mode and component estimation mode, with the positive direction being from the indoor side to the outdoor side.

[0049] In direct detection mode, controller 6 directly determines the overall differential pressure ΔP based on the detection value of indoor and outdoor differential pressure sensor 55.

[0050] In the component estimation mode, controller 6 calculates based on the wind pressure component ΔP. wind Hot pressing term ΔP stack And mechanical ventilation pressure difference term ΔP positive Determine the overall pressure difference ΔP: ΔP=ΔP wind +ΔP stack +ΔP positive .

[0051] Among them, the wind pressure term ΔP wind Determined based on outdoor wind speed and direction, window orientation, building surface pressure coefficient, and air density corrected for atmospheric pressure; thermal pressure term ΔP stack Determined based on indoor and outdoor temperature difference, air density difference, and installation height of gaps; mechanical ventilation pressure difference term ΔP positive The oxygen concentration is determined based on the mechanical air supply volume, mechanical exhaust volume, or indoor slight positive pressure setpoint. Indoor and outdoor oxygen concentration parameters are used to calculate oxygen load and are not used as a differential pressure term driving overall air infiltration; atmospheric pressure is used for air density correction and is not added to the overall differential pressure ΔP as an independent differential pressure term.

[0052] Controller 6 calculates the overall pressure difference ΔP, air density, and gap inlet height b. in , gap exit height b out The air infiltration rate is determined by the gap width. When ΔP is greater than zero, controller 6 determines the forward infiltration rate from the indoor side to the outdoor side; when ΔP is less than zero, controller 6 determines the reverse infiltration rate from the outdoor side to the indoor side.

[0053] The controller 6 can also generate or receive multiple sets of candidate slot geometry parameters. Each set of candidate slot geometry parameters includes the candidate slot inlet height and the candidate slot outlet height, with the candidate slot outlet height being greater than the candidate slot inlet height. The controller 6 calculates the air permeation rate under different candidate geometry parameters based on the candidate slot inlet height, candidate slot outlet height, slot width, air density, and overall pressure difference ΔP.

[0054] Step 3: Calculation of heat load, oxygen load, and CO2 emission rate, and determination of target parameters. The controller 6 calculates the heat load, oxygen load, and CO2 emission rate based on the air infiltration rate. The heat load is calculated based on the air infiltration rate, air density, air specific heat capacity, and indoor-outdoor temperature difference; the oxygen load is calculated based on the air infiltration rate, indoor oxygen concentration, outdoor oxygen concentration parameters, and air density corrected for atmospheric pressure, or based on the amount of supplemental oxygen required to maintain the target oxygen concentration of the oxygen-enriched system; and the CO2 emission rate is calculated based on the air infiltration rate, indoor CO2 concentration, and outdoor CO2 concentration parameters.

[0055] Controller 6 is set to ensure that the indoor oxygen concentration is not lower than the preset lower limit, the heat load is not higher than the preset upper limit, and b. out Greater than b in As a constraint, and with the adjustment objective of reducing indoor CO2 concentration or increasing CO2 emission rate, determine the current gap inlet height b. inand the current gap exit height b out Whether the constraints and adjustment objectives are met. When the current b... in and current b out When the above constraints and adjustment objectives are met, controller 6 maintains the current b. in and current b out When the current b in and current b out If the above constraints or adjustment targets are not met, the controller 6 determines the target gap inlet height and the target gap outlet height.

[0056] In one optional implementation, the controller 6 determines the target gap inlet height and the target gap outlet height based on a weighted comprehensive scoring method. The controller 6 calculates the heat load H, oxygen load O, and CO2 control cost C corresponding to each candidate parameter, and normalizes the heat load H, oxygen load O, and CO2 control cost C to obtain the normalized heat load H. norm Normalized oxygen load (O2) norm and normalized CO2 control cost C norm The normalization process uses linear normalization based on the maximum and minimum values ​​within the candidate gap parameter set: H norm =(HH min ) / (Hmax-H min ); O norm =(OO min ) / (Omax-O min ); C norm =(CC min ) / (Cmax-C min ).

[0057] Among them, H min and H max These represent the minimum and maximum heat load values ​​in the candidate gap parameter set, respectively. min and O max These represent the minimum and maximum oxygen load values ​​in the candidate gap parameter set, respectively, C. min and C max These represent the minimum and maximum CO2 control costs in the candidate gap parameter set, respectively. When the maximum value in any normalization formula equals the minimum value, the corresponding normalization value is set to zero.

[0058] Controller 6 calculates the weighted comprehensive score J according to the following formula: J=w1·H norm +w2·O norm +w3·C norm .

[0059] Among them, w1, w2, and w3 are preset weights, or weights that are dynamically adjusted according to the operating status of the oxygen-enriched system and the HVAC system. Controller 6 meets the lower limit of indoor oxygen concentration, the upper limit of heat load, and b. out Greater than b in Among the candidate parameters, the candidate gap inlet height and candidate gap outlet height with the smallest J are selected as the target gap inlet height and target gap outlet height. The CO2 control cost C can be calculated based on one or more of the following: the predicted adjusted indoor CO2 concentration, the rate of decrease in CO2 concentration, or the duration for which the indoor CO2 concentration exceeds a preset threshold.

[0060] Step 4: Perform adjustment After determining the target gap inlet height and target gap outlet height, the controller 6 outputs a control signal to the gap adjustment mechanism 4, controlling the operation of the first drive motor 341 and the second drive motor 351 respectively. The first drive motor 341 drives the first lead screw 343 to rotate, and the first lead screw 343 drives the first nut slider 342 to rise and fall. The first nut slider 342 drives the inlet side of the second seal 32 to rise and fall through the first lifting support 344, thereby adjusting the gap inlet height b. in The second drive motor 351 drives the second lead screw 353 to rotate, and the second lead screw 353 drives the second nut slider 352 to rise and fall. The second nut slider 352 drives the outlet side of the second seal 32 to rise and fall through the second lifting support 354, thereby adjusting the gap outlet height b. out .

[0061] After the first lifting rod 34 and the second lifting rod 35 are adjusted to their positions, the inlet and outlet sides of the second seal 32 are at their target heights, forming a new non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel 33 between the first seal 31 and the second seal 32. When the adjustment system is in the exhaust adjustment configuration, b out Greater than b in The non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel 33 forms a gradually expanding wedge-shaped air infiltration channel along the direction from the indoor side to the outdoor side.

[0062] Step 5: Feedback and Correction After adjustment, sensor assembly 5 continues to collect indoor CO2 concentration, indoor oxygen concentration, indoor temperature, outdoor temperature, indoor-outdoor pressure difference, atmospheric pressure, and outdoor wind speed and direction. This feedback data can be directly input to controller 6, or it can be fed back to controller 6 via data acquisition unit 58.

[0063] Within a preset sampling period after adjustment, the controller 6 determines the rate of decrease of indoor CO2 concentration and the rate of decrease of indoor oxygen concentration based on the indoor CO2 concentration and indoor oxygen concentration collected by the sensor component 5. When the rate of decrease of indoor CO2 concentration is less than a preset rate of decrease threshold and the indoor oxygen concentration is higher than a preset lower limit of oxygen concentration, the controller 6 generates a correction command to increase the height of the target gap inlet and / or the height of the target gap outlet, and controls the gap adjustment mechanism 4 to increase b. in and / or b out At the same time, keep b out Greater than b in When the indoor oxygen concentration is lower than the preset lower limit, or the rate of decrease in indoor oxygen concentration is greater than the preset rate of decrease in oxygen concentration threshold, the controller 6 generates a correction command to reduce the target gap inlet height and / or the target gap outlet height, and controls the gap adjustment mechanism 4 to reduce b. in and / or b out This is to reduce air infiltration and oxygen load.

[0064] In a specific application scenario, when increased indoor occupancy leads to a rise in indoor CO2 concentration, while the indoor oxygen concentration remains above the preset lower limit, controller 6 increases the gap inlet height b. in and / or gap exit height b out This increases the flow capacity of the non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel 33, thereby enhancing the indoor CO2 removal capacity. In another specific application scenario, when the indoor oxygen concentration is close to or below the preset lower limit of oxygen concentration, or when the outdoor temperature is low causing excessive heat load, the controller 6 reduces b. in and / or b out This is to reduce the escape of oxygen-rich air and heat loss.

[0065] In another specific embodiment, the controller 6 can also communicate with the oxygen-enriched system and the HVAC system. The controller 6 acquires the oxygen supply, target oxygen concentration, and operating status of the oxygen-enriched system, and adjusts the weight of the oxygen load in the weighted comprehensive score J based on the operating status of the oxygen-enriched system. The controller 6 can also acquire the heating, cooling, fresh air, or exhaust air status of the HVAC system, and adjust the weight of the heat load or CO2 control cost in the weighted comprehensive score J based on the operating status of the HVAC system. Through this method, the air infiltration regulation of the adjustable wedge-shaped window slit can be coordinated with the indoor oxygen enrichment and thermal environment regulation in a time-sharing manner.

[0066] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Sensor component 5 collects parameters such as indoor CO2 concentration, indoor oxygen concentration, indoor temperature, outdoor temperature, indoor-outdoor pressure difference, atmospheric pressure, and outdoor wind speed and direction in the oxygen-enriched building. Controller 6 then uses these parameters, along with the gap inlet height b, to determine the appropriate parameters. in and the height of the gap exit b outThe system determines the overall pressure difference and air infiltration rate, and controls the gap adjustment mechanism 4 to drive the first lifting rod 34 and the second lifting rod 35 to adjust the height of the inlet and outlet sides of the second seal 32 based on the overall pressure difference and air infiltration rate, so that an adjustable non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel 33 is formed between the first seal 31 and the second seal 32. This system changes the difference in forward and reverse air infiltration resistance by adjusting the channel flow area and wedge shape, and dynamically adjusts the oxygen-rich air escape, heat load, and indoor CO2 emission demand at different times.

[0067] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. All equivalent substitutions, improvements, or modifications made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable wedge-shaped window gap air infiltration regulation system for oxygen-enriched buildings, characterized in that, Includes a window frame (1), a window sash (2), an adjustable wedge gap assembly (3), a gap adjustment mechanism (4), a sensor assembly (5), and a controller (6); The adjustable wedge gap assembly (3) is provided in the window gap adjustment area of ​​the window frame (1), including a first sealing member (31) fixedly provided on the lower surface of the upper sealing installation part inside the window frame (1) and a second sealing member (32) which is vertically provided on the upper surface of the lower sealing installation part inside the window frame (1) or in the lower sealing installation groove. The second seal (32) is an integral adjustable seal. The second seal (32) includes an inlet-side adjustment part and an outlet-side adjustment part along the direction from the indoor side to the outdoor side. The inlet-side adjustment part can be adjusted up and down relative to the first seal (31) to form a gap inlet height b. in The outlet-side adjustment section can be raised and lowered relative to the first seal (31) to form a gap outlet height b. out A non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel (33) is formed between the first seal (31) and the second seal (32). The regulating system has an exhaust regulating configuration, in which the slit outlet height b out Greater than the gap inlet height b in This causes the non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel (33) to form a wedge-shaped air infiltration channel that gradually expands from the indoor side to the outdoor side; The gap adjustment mechanism (4) includes a first lifting rod (34) and a second lifting rod (35). The first lifting rod (34) is connected to the inlet-side adjustment part of the second seal (32) and is used to adjust the gap inlet height b. in The second lifting rod (35) is connected to the outlet-side adjustment part of the second seal (32) for adjusting the outlet height b of the gap. out ; The sensor assembly (5) includes an indoor CO2 concentration sensor (51), an indoor oxygen concentration sensor (52), an indoor temperature sensor (53), an outdoor temperature sensor (54), an indoor-outdoor pressure difference sensor (55), an atmospheric pressure sensor (56), and an outdoor wind speed and direction sensor (57). The sensor assembly (5) is connected to the controller (6) or to the controller (6) via a data acquisition instrument (58). The controller (6) is connected to the gap adjustment mechanism (4), and the controller (6) is used to adjust the gap based on the indoor and outdoor parameters collected by the sensor assembly (5) and the gap inlet height b. in and the height b of the gap outlet out The combined pressure difference and air permeation amount acting on the non-uniform cross-section air permeation channel (33) are determined, and a control signal is output to the gap adjustment mechanism (4) according to the combined pressure difference and air permeation amount, so that the first lifting rod (34) and the second lifting rod (35) synchronously or differentially adjust the inlet side height and outlet side height of the second seal (32).

2. The adjustable wedge-shaped window gap air infiltration regulation system for oxygen-enriched buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller (6) determines the comprehensive pressure difference ΔP in either direct detection mode or component estimation mode, and the comprehensive pressure difference ΔP is positive in the direction from the indoor side to the outdoor side; In the direct detection mode, the overall pressure difference ΔP is determined by the detection value of the indoor and outdoor pressure difference sensor (55); In the aforementioned sub-item estimation mode, the overall pressure difference ΔP is characterized as follows: ΔP=ΔP wind +ΔP stack +ΔP positive ; Among them, the wind pressure term ΔP wind Determined based on outdoor wind speed, outdoor wind direction, window orientation, building surface pressure coefficient, and air density corrected for atmospheric pressure. Hot pressing term ΔP stack Determined based on indoor and outdoor temperature difference, air density difference, and installation height of gaps; Mechanical ventilation pressure differential term ΔP positive Determined based on mechanical air supply volume, mechanical air exhaust volume, or indoor slight positive pressure setpoint; Indoor and outdoor oxygen concentration parameters are used to calculate oxygen load and are not used as a differential pressure term to drive overall air infiltration; atmospheric pressure is used for air density correction and is not added to the overall differential pressure ΔP as an independent differential pressure term.

3. The adjustable wedge-shaped window gap air infiltration regulation system for oxygen-enriched buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The controller (6) is used to calculate the pressure difference ΔP, air density, and gap inlet height b based on the comprehensive pressure difference ΔP, air density, and gap inlet height b. in , gap exit height b out The air permeability is determined by the gap width; When the combined pressure difference ΔP is greater than zero, the controller (6) determines the positive infiltration rate from the indoor side to the outdoor side; When the combined pressure difference ΔP is less than zero, the controller (6) determines the reverse infiltration rate from the outdoor side to the indoor side; The controller (6) is also used to calculate the heat load based on the air infiltration rate, air density, air specific heat capacity and indoor-outdoor temperature difference; The controller (6) is also used to calculate the oxygen load based on the air infiltration rate, indoor oxygen concentration, outdoor oxygen concentration parameters and air density corrected for atmospheric pressure, or to calculate the oxygen load based on the amount of supplemental oxygen required to maintain the target oxygen concentration of the oxygen-enriched system. The controller (6) is also used to calculate the CO2 emission rate based on the air infiltration rate, indoor CO2 concentration and outdoor CO2 concentration parameters.

4. The adjustable wedge-shaped window gap air infiltration regulation system for oxygen-enriched buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first lifting rod (34) includes a first drive motor (341), a first nut slider (342), a first lead screw (343), and a first lifting support (344); the second lifting rod (35) includes a second drive motor (351), a second nut slider (352), a second lead screw (353), and a second lifting support (354). The first drive motor (341) is connected to the first lead screw (343) for driving the first lead screw (343) to rotate; The first nut slider (342) is threadedly engaged with the first lead screw (343) and connected to the first lifting support (344) to convert the rotational motion of the first lead screw (343) into the linear lifting motion of the first lifting support (344); The second drive motor (351) is connected to the second lead screw (353) for driving the second lead screw (353) to rotate; The second nut slider (352) is threadedly engaged with the second lead screw (353) and connected to the second lifting support (354) to convert the rotational motion of the second lead screw (353) into the linear lifting motion of the second lifting support (354); The first lifting support (344) is connected to the inlet side adjustment part of the second seal (32), and the second lifting support (354) is connected to the outlet side adjustment part of the second seal (32). The first lifting support (344) and the second lifting support (354) are respectively connected to the second seal (32) by a pin hinge or a ball joint, so as to allow the second seal (32) to form an inclined state relative to the first seal (31) when the heights of the inlet side and the outlet side are different.

5. The adjustable wedge-shaped window gap air infiltration regulation system for oxygen-enriched buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slit entrance height b in The gap outlet height b is between 0.1 mm and 7 mm. out Greater than the gap inlet height b in The angle between the upper surface of the second seal (32) and the lower surface of the first seal (31) is 0.2° to 2.0°, and the length of the non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel (33) from the indoor side to the outdoor side is 160mm to 240mm. The gap exit height b out With the gap entrance height b in The difference is determined by the angle between the upper surface of the second seal (32) and the lower surface of the first seal (31) and the length of the non-uniform cross-section air infiltration channel (33).

6. The adjustable wedge-shaped window gap air infiltration regulation system for oxygen-enriched buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second seal (32) has an overall rising condition, an overall falling condition, an angle increasing condition and an angle decreasing condition under the drive of the first lifting rod (34) and the second lifting rod (35); Under the overall lifting condition, the first lifting rod (34) and the second lifting rod (35) rise synchronously, causing b in and b out Simultaneous reduction; Under the overall descent condition, the first lifting rod (34) and the second lifting rod (35) descend synchronously, causing b in and b out Increase synchronously; Under the condition of increased angle, the first lifting rod (34) and the second lifting rod (35) are differentially adjusted to make b out With b in The difference increases, while b remains constant. out Greater than b in ; Under the angle reduction condition, the first lifting rod (34) and the second lifting rod (35) are differentially adjusted so that b out With b in The difference decreases, while b remains constant. out Greater than b in .

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