Plateau tunnel waterproofing and drainage integrated construction device

Abstract

The application aims at the problem of long process connection time, and provides a highland tunnel waterproof and drainage integrated construction device, relating to the technical field of tunnel waterproof and drainage, comprising: a mobile trolley arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and provided with a walking mechanism at the bottom; a waterproof operation unit arranged at the front of the mobile trolley and comprising a waterproof plate winch mechanism, a hot melt welding mechanical arm and a grouting assembly, the waterproof plate winch mechanism is used for unwinding the waterproof plate, the hot melt welding mechanical arm is used for fixing the waterproof plate on the surface of the initial support of the tunnel, and the grouting assembly is used for injecting filling slurry between the waterproof plate and the initial support; the application realizes waterproof and drainage integrated construction, so that the waterproof layer and the drainage groove are constructed synchronously and seamlessly overlapped, and the leakage hidden danger of the joint caused by the separation of traditional processes is completely eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel waterproofing and drainage technology, and in particular to an integrated construction device for waterproofing and drainage in plateau tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of transportation infrastructure construction in my country, the number of railway and highway tunnel projects in plateau regions is increasing. Plateau regions are characterized by high altitude, low temperature, large temperature difference between day and night, and complex geological conditions. During tunnel construction, there is abundant groundwater and frequent freeze-thaw cycles, which places extremely high demands on the drainage and waterproofing systems of tunnel structures.

[0003] Traditional tunnel waterproofing and drainage construction typically involves two separate processes: waterproofing layer installation and drainage ditch pouring. The waterproofing layer often employs a method of laying waterproofing membranes followed by grouting, while the drainage system requires separate trenching for drainage pipe installation or the pouring of a central drainage ditch. This step-by-step construction method presents several problems: First, the long intervals between processes can lead to incomplete surface cleaning, affecting the adhesion between the waterproofing layer and the initial support. Second, the lack of an effective transition between the waterproofing and drainage structures can easily create seepage channels at their junction. Third, in high-altitude, low-temperature environments, traditional grouting materials have slow setting speeds, making it difficult to fix the waterproofing layer and resulting in low construction efficiency. Fourth, existing equipment lacks specific designs for high-altitude freeze-thaw environments, making it impossible to simultaneously monitor and control the surrounding rock temperature and drainage channels during construction.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a construction device that can integrate waterproofing layer laying with drainage structure construction, adapt to the special environment of plateau, and improve the overall reliability of the waterproofing and drainage system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem of long construction process connections by providing an integrated construction device for drainage and waterproofing in plateau tunnels.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] The present invention discloses an integrated construction device for waterproofing and drainage in plateau tunnels, comprising: a mobile trolley arranged longitudinally along the tunnel and equipped with a traveling mechanism at its bottom; a waterproofing operation unit located at the front of the mobile trolley, including a waterproofing membrane hoisting mechanism, a hot-melt welding robotic arm, and a grouting assembly, wherein the waterproofing membrane hoisting mechanism is used to unroll the waterproofing membrane, the hot-melt welding robotic arm is used to fix the waterproofing membrane to the surface of the initial support of the tunnel, and the grouting assembly is used to inject filling grout between the waterproofing membrane and the initial support; and a drainage operation unit located at the rear of the mobile trolley, including a trench forming mold, a drainage pipe guide frame, and a concrete pouring device, wherein the trench forming mold is used to form drainage trenches at the bottom of the tunnel invert or sidewall, and the drainage pipe guide frame is used to form drainage trenches at the bottom of the tunnel invert or sidewall. The frame is used to position and embed the drainage pipe in the drainage ditch, and the concrete pouring device is used to pour concrete into the drainage ditch to fix the drainage pipe; the integrated connection structure includes an overlapping flange located at the edge of the waterproof membrane and a receiving groove located at the top of the drainage ditch. The overlapping flange extends into the receiving groove and overlaps with the inlet of the drainage pipe to form a continuous transition between the waterproof layer and the drainage ditch; the high-altitude environment adaptation system includes an electric heat tracing component, a temperature control module, and a surrounding rock temperature sensor. The electric heat tracing component is located on the inner side of the waterproof membrane and the outer periphery of the drainage pipe. The temperature control module controls the opening and closing of the electric heat tracing component according to the feedback signal from the surrounding rock temperature sensor to maintain the temperature around the waterproof layer and the drainage pipe above a set threshold.

[0008] Preferably, the grouting assembly includes a grouting pump, a grout heating tank, and a pressure regulating valve. The grout heating tank is equipped with a constant temperature heater to maintain the fluidity of the grout in a high-altitude, low-temperature environment.

[0009] Preferably, the hot melt welding robotic arm includes a multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm body and an infrared heating plate, a pressure roller, and an ultrasonic ranging sensor located at its end. The ultrasonic ranging sensor is used to detect the distance between the waterproof membrane and the initial support surface in real time, and to adjust the welding pressure and temperature of the infrared heating plate according to the distance.

[0010] Preferably, the groove forming mold frame includes a telescopic side template and a bottom template. The telescopic side template can be adjusted laterally according to the width of the designed drainage groove, and the bottom template is provided with a positioning groove for accommodating the drainage pipe guide frame.

[0011] Preferably, the drainage pipe guide frame includes an arc-shaped gripper, a lifting mechanism, and a longitudinal traction mechanism. The arc-shaped gripper is used to hold the drainage pipe, the lifting mechanism is used to adjust the burial elevation of the drainage pipe, and the longitudinal traction mechanism is used to drive the drainage pipe to move along the axial direction of the trench during the concrete pouring process to prevent the buoyancy of the concrete from causing the pipe to deviate.

[0012] Preferably, in the integrated connection structure, the overlapping flange is a flexible sheet structure extending downward from the waterproof plate, and its surface is provided with a guide groove. The inner wall of the receiving groove is provided with fitting teeth that match the guide groove, and the bottom of the receiving groove is provided with a water collection hole that communicates with the water inlet of the drain pipe.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes an intelligent control system, which is electrically connected to the mobile trolley, waterproofing operation unit, drainage operation unit, and plateau environment adaptation system, and is equipped with: an image recognition module for recognizing the uneven features of the initial support surface of the tunnel and automatically planning the laying path of the waterproofing membrane; a collaborative control module for synchronously controlling the laying progress of the waterproofing membrane and the laying progress of the drainage pipe, so that the misalignment error between the overlapping flange and the receiving groove is no more than 5mm; and an environmental parameter recording module for recording the temperature, grouting pressure, and drainage pipe positioning data during the construction process, and generating a traceability file for the waterproofing and drainage construction quality.

[0014] Preferably, the traveling mechanism is a tracked traveling mechanism, and the mobile trolley is equipped with hydraulic leveling outriggers to keep the trolley level on uneven tunnel arch surfaces.

[0015] Preferably, the waterproof membrane is a self-adhesive composite waterproof membrane, and a water-swellable waterstop strip is provided on the side facing the initial support.

[0016] Preferably, the intelligent control system also includes a blockchain data uploading module, which is used to perform hash calculations on key parameters of drainage and waterproofing construction and upload them to the blockchain network to generate tamper-proof quality traceability digital certificates.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] Achieving integrated waterproofing and drainage construction: By integrating waterproofing and drainage units on the same mobile trolley and setting up an integrated connection structure, the waterproofing layer and drainage trench are constructed simultaneously and seamlessly overlapped, completely eliminating the risk of leakage at the joint caused by the separation of traditional processes. Tests have shown that in tunnel sections constructed using this device, the seepage rate at the joint of the waterproofing and drainage system is reduced by more than 92%.

[0019] Adaptable to harsh high-altitude environments: By incorporating electric heat tracing components, a grout heating tank, and a temperature control module, this system effectively solves problems such as poor adhesion of waterproof membranes, slow setting of grouting materials, and freezing of water in drainage pipes under low-temperature conditions at high altitudes. Experimental data shows that even at -20℃, this device can still maintain a stable welding temperature of 180±5℃ for the waterproof membrane and keep the temperature around the drainage pipe above 5℃, ensuring year-round, all-weather construction capabilities.

[0020] High construction precision and automation: The hot melt welding robotic arm is equipped with an ultrasonic ranging sensor, which can adjust the welding parameters in real time according to the unevenness of the base surface, avoiding the waterproof membrane from being poorly welded or damaged due to uneven initial support; the drainage pipe guide frame has lifting and longitudinal traction functions, and together with the intelligent control system, it realizes the precise positioning and anti-floating of the drainage pipe during the concrete pouring process, which greatly improves the construction quality of the drainage system.

[0021] Improving construction efficiency and quality traceability: The mobile trolley can complete multiple processes such as waterproof membrane laying, drainage trench forming, and drainage pipe installation in a single positioning, increasing construction efficiency by more than 50% compared to traditional methods. Simultaneously, the intelligent control system automatically records key construction parameters, forming a digital quality archive, providing reliable data support for the long-term operation and maintenance of the drainage system in plateau tunnels. (See attached diagram.)

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a two-color printing device for the surface of a packaging box proposed in this invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Mobile trolley; 2. Walking mechanism; 3. Waterproof membrane hoisting mechanism; 4. Hot melt welding robotic arm; 5. Grouting assembly; 6. Trench forming mold; 7. Drainage pipe guide frame; 8. Concrete pouring device; 9. Overlapping flange; 10. Receiving groove; 11. Electric heat tracing assembly; 12. Temperature control module; 13. Surrounding rock temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0024] An integrated construction device for waterproofing and drainage in plateau tunnels includes: a mobile trolley 1, which is arranged longitudinally along the tunnel and has a traveling mechanism at its bottom; a waterproofing operation unit, located at the front of the mobile trolley 1, including a waterproofing membrane hoisting mechanism 3, a hot-melt welding robotic arm 4, and a grouting assembly 5, wherein the waterproofing membrane hoisting mechanism 3 is used to unroll the waterproofing membrane, the hot-melt welding robotic arm 4 is used to fix the waterproofing membrane to the surface of the tunnel's initial support, and the grouting assembly 5 is used to inject filling grout between the waterproofing membrane and the initial support; and a drainage operation unit, located at the rear of the mobile trolley, including a trench forming mold 6, a drainage pipe guide frame 7, and a concrete pouring device 8, wherein the trench forming mold 6 is used to form drainage trenches at the bottom of the tunnel's invert or sidewall, and the drainage pipe guide frame 7 is used to guide the drainage pipes... The concrete pouring device 8 is positioned and embedded in the drainage ditch to pour concrete into the drainage ditch to fix the drainage pipe; the integrated connection structure includes an overlapping flange 9 located at the edge of the waterproof membrane and a receiving groove 10 located at the top of the drainage ditch. The overlapping flange 9 extends into the receiving groove 10 and overlaps with the inlet of the drainage pipe to form a continuous transition between the waterproof layer and the drainage ditch; the high-altitude environment adaptation system includes an electric heat tracing component 10, a temperature control module 11, and a surrounding rock temperature sensor 12. The electric heat tracing component 10 is located on the inner side of the waterproof membrane and the outer periphery of the drainage pipe. The temperature control module 11 controls the opening and closing of the electric heat tracing component 10 according to the feedback signal of the surrounding rock temperature sensor 12 to maintain the temperature around the waterproof layer and the drainage pipe above a set threshold.

[0025] Preferably, the grouting assembly 5 includes a grouting pump, a grout heating tank, and a pressure regulating valve. The grout heating tank is equipped with a constant temperature heater to maintain the fluidity of the grout in a high-altitude, low-temperature environment.

[0026] Preferably, the hot melt welding robotic arm 4 includes a multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm body and an infrared heating plate, a pressure roller, and an ultrasonic ranging sensor located at its end. The ultrasonic ranging sensor is used to detect the distance between the waterproof membrane and the initial support surface in real time, and to adjust the welding pressure and temperature of the infrared heating plate according to the distance.

[0027] Preferably, the groove forming mold frame includes a telescopic side template and a bottom template. The telescopic side template can be adjusted laterally according to the width of the designed drainage groove, and the bottom template is provided with a positioning groove for accommodating the drainage pipe guide frame.

[0028] Preferably, the drainage pipe guide frame includes an arc-shaped gripper, a lifting mechanism, and a longitudinal traction mechanism. The arc-shaped gripper is used to hold the drainage pipe, the lifting mechanism is used to adjust the burial elevation of the drainage pipe, and the longitudinal traction mechanism is used to drive the drainage pipe to move along the axial direction of the trench during the concrete pouring process to prevent the buoyancy of the concrete from causing the pipe to deviate.

[0029] Preferably, in the integrated connection structure, the overlapping flange 9 is a flexible sheet structure extending downward from the waterproof plate, and its surface is provided with a guide groove. The inner wall of the receiving groove 10 is provided with fitting teeth that match the guide groove, and the bottom of the receiving groove 10 is provided with a water collection hole that communicates with the water inlet of the drain pipe.

[0030] Preferably, it also includes an intelligent control system, which is electrically connected to the mobile trolley 1, the waterproofing operation unit, the drainage operation unit, and the high-altitude environment adaptation system, and is equipped with: an image recognition module for recognizing the uneven features of the initial support surface of the tunnel and automatically planning the laying path of the waterproofing membrane; a collaborative control module for synchronously controlling the laying progress of the waterproofing membrane and the laying progress of the drainage pipe, so that the docking position error between the overlapping flange 9 and the receiving groove 10 is no more than 5mm; and an environmental parameter recording module for recording the temperature, grouting pressure, and drainage pipe positioning data during the construction process, and generating a traceability file for the waterproofing and drainage construction quality.

[0031] Preferably, the walking mechanism 2 is a tracked walking mechanism, and the mobile trolley 1 is equipped with hydraulic leveling outriggers to keep the trolley level on uneven tunnel arch surfaces.

[0032] Preferably, the waterproof membrane is a self-adhesive composite waterproof membrane, and a water-swellable waterstop strip is provided on the side facing the initial support.

[0033] Preferably, the intelligent control system also includes a blockchain data uploading module, which is used to perform hash calculations on key parameters of drainage and waterproofing construction and upload them to the blockchain network to generate tamper-proof quality traceability digital certificates.

[0034] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] Achieving integrated waterproofing and drainage construction: By integrating waterproofing and drainage units on the same mobile trolley and setting up an integrated connection structure, the waterproofing layer and drainage trench are constructed simultaneously and seamlessly overlapped, completely eliminating the risk of leakage at the joint caused by the separation of traditional processes. Tests have shown that in tunnel sections constructed using this device, the seepage rate at the joint of the waterproofing and drainage system is reduced by more than 92%.

[0036] Adaptable to harsh high-altitude environments: By incorporating an electric heat tracing component 10, a grout heating tank, and a temperature control module 12, the system effectively solves problems such as weak adhesion of the waterproof membrane, slow setting of the grouting material, and freezing of water in the drainage pipes under low-temperature conditions at high altitudes. Experimental data shows that even at -20℃, this device can still maintain a stable welding temperature of 180±5℃ for the waterproof membrane and keep the temperature around the drainage pipe above 5℃, ensuring year-round, all-weather construction capability.

[0037] High construction precision and automation: The hot melt welding robotic arm 4 is equipped with an ultrasonic ranging sensor, which can adjust the welding parameters in real time according to the unevenness of the base surface, avoiding the waterproof membrane from being poorly welded or damaged due to uneven initial support; The drainage pipe guide frame 7 has lifting and longitudinal traction functions, and together with the intelligent control system, it realizes the precise positioning and anti-floating of the drainage pipe during the concrete pouring process, which greatly improves the construction quality of the drainage system.

[0038] Improving construction efficiency and quality traceability: The mobile trolley can complete multiple processes such as waterproof membrane laying, drainage trench forming, and drainage pipe installation in a single positioning, increasing construction efficiency by more than 50% compared to traditional methods. Simultaneously, the intelligent control system automatically records key construction parameters, forming digital quality archives and providing reliable data support for the long-term operation and maintenance of the drainage system in plateau tunnels.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] This embodiment provides an integrated construction device for drainage and waterproofing in high-altitude tunnels, which is suitable for tunnel projects at altitudes above 3,500 meters and with an average annual temperature below 0°C.

[0041] The mobile trolley adopts a gantry structure that is 10m long and 3m wide, with four sets of crawler-type walking mechanisms at the bottom. Each track is equipped with an independent hydraulic drive motor, allowing it to move smoothly on the crushed stone cushion layer and the invert arch filling surface. Hydraulic leveling outriggers are installed at the four corners of the trolley. When there is a longitudinal slope in the construction section, the extension and retraction of the outriggers are automatically adjusted by tilt sensors to keep the upper surface of the trolley level, ensuring accurate angle for laying the waterproof membrane.

[0042] In the waterproofing operation unit, the waterproofing membrane hoisting mechanism 3 adopts a double-roller alternating unwinding design to achieve continuous construction. The hot-melt welding robotic arm 4 is a six-axis collaborative robot with an infrared heating plate at its end measuring 300mm × 200mm. The pressure of the pressure roller is controlled by a servo electric cylinder, with a pressure adjustment range of 50N-500N. The ultrasonic ranging sensor collects the elevation data of the base surface in real time. When a local depression depth greater than 30mm is detected, the control system automatically pauses welding and triggers the grouting component 5 to fill the area in a point-like manner. Welding resumes after the filling grout has initially set, ensuring a tight fit between the waterproofing membrane and the base surface.

[0043] The grouting assembly is equipped with a dual-piston grouting pump and a 200L grout heating tank with an internal electric heating belt and a stirring paddle, which can heat the grout temperature from 0℃ to 15℃-25℃ and maintain it at a constant temperature. The grouting pressure is set to 0.2MPa-0.5MPa. When the pressure suddenly drops, it is automatically determined to be grout loss and a secondary grouting procedure is initiated.

[0044] In the drainage operation unit, the side templates of the trench forming mold 6 are driven by hydraulic cylinders, with a lateral adjustment range of 300mm-800mm to adapt to drainage trenches with different design cross-sections. The inner diameter of the arc-shaped grippers of the drainage pipe guide frame matches that of a 100mm diameter HDPE drainage pipe, and rubber anti-slip pads are installed on the inner side of the grippers. The lifting mechanism adopts a screw and nut structure, in conjunction with a laser rangefinder sensor, to control the elevation of the top surface of the drainage pipe within ±3mm of the design value.

[0045] In the integrated connection structure, the overlapping flange 9 of the waterproof membrane is 150mm wide, and the surface is pressed to form a longitudinal guide groove with a depth of 5mm. The receiving groove 10 is a prefabricated steel component, and the interlocking teeth on its inner wall form a labyrinth seal with the guide groove. At the same time, a water collection hole with a diameter of 30mm is set at every 500mm at the bottom of the receiving groove 10, and the water collection hole is connected to the inlet of the drain pipe through a flexible hose.

[0046] The electric heat tracing component 11 of the plateau environment adaptation system uses a self-regulating heat tracing cable with a power of 25W / m. It is arranged every 2m along the longitudinal direction of the waterproof membrane and spirally wound around the outer circumference of the drainage pipe. The temperature control module 12 is set with a heat preservation threshold of 5℃. When the surrounding rock temperature sensor 13 detects a temperature below 3℃, the heat tracing is activated and stopped when the temperature reaches 8℃.

[0047] The image recognition module of the intelligent control system uses an industrial camera and deep learning algorithms to identify protrusions such as anchor heads and steel mesh on the initial support surface and automatically plan avoidance paths. The collaborative control module records the trolley's travel distance in real time through an encoder to ensure that the misalignment error between the waterproof membrane overlap flange 9 and the receiving groove 10 is controlled within 3mm.

[0048] The device described in this embodiment was used to construct a test section of a railway tunnel at an altitude of 4000 meters, with a length of 120m. During construction, the ambient temperature ranged from -12℃ to -5℃. The welding qualification rate of the waterproof membrane reached 98.6%, the elevation qualification rate of the drainage pipe was 100%, and no water seepage was found at the joints of the waterproofing and drainage system. The entire test section took 5 days to construct, saving 7 days compared to the traditional method.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] The main difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 lies in the type of waterproof membrane and the hot-melt welding method.

[0051] In this embodiment, the waterproof membrane is a 1.5mm thick ECB (ethylene-polymer bitumen) self-adhesive composite waterproof membrane. The side facing the initial support is composited with a 3mm thick butyl rubber self-adhesive layer. Water-swellable waterstop strips are evenly distributed on the surface of the self-adhesive layer. The cross-sectional dimensions of the waterstop strips are 10mm×8mm, and the expansion ratio can reach 300%.

[0052] The infrared heating plate at the end of the hot-melt welding robotic arm 4 is only used for localized heating of the connection between the overlapping flange 9 and the receiving groove 10. The waterproof membrane body is fixed to the initial support through a self-adhesive layer. The welding robotic arm is also equipped with a vibratory roller, which vibrates and compacts the self-adhesive layer at a frequency of 200Hz after it is bonded, so that the self-adhesive material is fully embedded in the micro-cracks on the surface of the initial support.

[0053] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are: it reduces the workload of hot melt welding and reduces the energy consumption of large-area heating in high-altitude and low-temperature environments; the water-swellable sealing strip automatically expands after encountering water during operation, further enhancing the reliability of the waterproof system.

[0054] In another tunnel test section at the same altitude of 4000 meters, the device of this embodiment was applied, and the laying speed of the waterproof membrane was increased to 40m / h, which is 30% higher than that of the traditional hot-melt welding method. After drilling and water injection test, the bonding strength between the waterproof layer and the initial support reached 0.2MPa, which meets the design requirements.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] The main difference between this embodiment and embodiments 1 and 2 is that it adds the prefabrication and assembly function of the drainage ditch and the data uplink function of the intelligent control system.

[0057] The trench forming mold is no longer used as a concrete casting mold, but as an installation and positioning frame for prefabricated drainage trench modules. The drainage trench uses factory-prefabricated high-performance concrete U-shaped channels, each 2m long, with drainage pipes and electric heating cable connectors pre-embedded inside. During construction, the mobile trolley 1 moves to the predetermined position, and the trench forming mold 6 uses a vacuum suction cup to grab the prefabricated trench module, accurately installing it into the base trench using a visual positioning system. Subsequently, the waterproof membrane overlapping flange 9 is connected to the receiving groove 10 of the prefabricated trench through an integrated connection structure.

[0058] The intelligent control system incorporates a blockchain data upload module. This module hashes key parameters for each construction section, such as the welding temperature of the waterproofing membrane, grouting pressure, drainage pipe positioning coordinates, and electric heating temperature records, and uploads them to the blockchain network to generate an immutable digital certificate of construction quality. Simultaneously, the system generates a unique QR code for each precast trench module, allowing maintenance personnel to scan the code to access complete waterproofing and drainage construction information for that section.

[0059] This embodiment is applicable to long, plateau tunnel projects with high standardization and extremely stringent requirements for quality traceability. Using the device in this embodiment, the installation accuracy of the prefabricated trench modules reaches ±2mm, and construction efficiency is increased by 40% compared to cast-in-place methods. The blockchain quality archive provides reliable data assurance for the tunnel's century-long operation and maintenance, filling the technological gap in traceability of concealed drainage and waterproofing works.

Claims

1. A construction device for integrated drainage and waterproofing in plateau tunnels, characterized in that, include: A mobile trolley (1) is set along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and has a walking mechanism (2) at the bottom. A waterproofing operation unit is set at the front of the mobile trolley (1) and includes a waterproofing membrane hoisting mechanism (3), a hot-melt welding robotic arm (4), and a grouting assembly (5). The waterproofing membrane hoisting mechanism (3) is used to unroll the waterproofing membrane, the hot-melt welding robotic arm (4) is used to fix the waterproofing membrane to the surface of the tunnel initial support, and the grouting assembly (5) is used to inject filling slurry between the waterproofing membrane and the initial support. A drainage operation unit is set at the rear of the mobile trolley (1) and includes a trench forming mold (6), a drainage pipe guide frame (7), and a concrete pouring device (8). The trench forming mold (6) is used to form a drainage trench at the bottom of the tunnel invert or sidewall, and the drainage pipe guide frame (7) is used to position and bury the drainage pipe. Within the drainage ditch, the concrete pouring device (8) is used to pour concrete into the drainage ditch to fix the drainage pipe; the integrated connection structure includes an overlapping flange (9) located at the edge of the waterproofing membrane and a receiving groove (10) located at the top of the drainage ditch. The overlapping flange (9) extends into the receiving groove (10) and overlaps with the inlet of the drainage pipe to form a continuous transition between the waterproofing layer and the drainage ditch; the plateau environment adaptation system includes an electric heat tracing component (11), a temperature control module (12), and a surrounding rock temperature sensor (13). The electric heat tracing component (11) is located on the inner side of the waterproofing membrane and the outer periphery of the drainage pipe. The temperature control module (12) controls the opening and closing of the electric heat tracing component (11) according to the feedback signal of the surrounding rock temperature sensor (13) to maintain the temperature of the waterproofing layer and the drainage pipe above a set threshold.

2. The integrated construction device for waterproofing and drainage of plateau tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grouting assembly (5) includes a grouting pump, a grout heating tank and a pressure regulating valve. The grout heating tank is equipped with a constant temperature heater to maintain the fluidity of the grout in the low temperature environment of the plateau.

3. The integrated construction device for waterproofing and drainage of plateau tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hot melt welding robotic arm (4) includes a multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm body and an infrared heating plate, a pressure roller and an ultrasonic ranging sensor at its end. The ultrasonic ranging sensor is used to detect the distance between the waterproof plate and the initial support surface in real time, and adjust the welding pressure and temperature of the infrared heating plate according to the distance.

4. The integrated construction device for waterproofing and drainage of plateau tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The groove forming mold frame (6) includes a telescopic side template and a bottom template. The telescopic side template can be adjusted laterally according to the width of the designed drainage groove. The bottom template is provided with a positioning groove for accommodating the drainage pipe guide frame.

5. The integrated construction device for waterproofing and drainage of plateau tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage pipe guide frame (7) includes an arc-shaped gripper, a lifting mechanism and a longitudinal traction mechanism. The arc-shaped gripper is used to hold the drainage pipe. The lifting mechanism is used to adjust the burial elevation of the drainage pipe. The longitudinal traction mechanism is used to drive the drainage pipe to move along the axial direction of the trench during the concrete pouring process to prevent the buoyancy of the concrete from causing the pipe to deviate.

6. The integrated construction device for waterproofing and drainage of plateau tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the integrated connection structure, the overlapping flange (9) is a flexible sheet structure extending downward from the waterproof plate, and its surface is provided with a guide groove. The inner wall of the receiving groove (10) is provided with a matching tooth that matches the guide groove, and the bottom of the receiving groove (10) is provided with a water collection hole that communicates with the inlet of the drain pipe.

7. The integrated construction device for waterproofing and drainage of plateau tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an intelligent control system, which is electrically connected to the mobile trolley (1), the waterproofing operation unit, the drainage operation unit and the plateau environment adaptation system, and is equipped with: an image recognition module, used to identify the uneven features of the initial support surface of the tunnel and automatically plan the laying path of the waterproofing membrane; a collaborative control module, used to synchronously control the laying progress of the waterproofing membrane and the laying progress of the drainage pipe, so that the docking position error between the overlapping flange (9) and the receiving groove (10) is no more than 5mm; and an environmental parameter recording module, used to record the temperature, grouting pressure and drainage pipe positioning data during the construction process, and generate a traceability file for the waterproofing and drainage construction quality.

8. The integrated construction device for waterproofing and drainage of plateau tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The walking mechanism (2) is a tracked walking mechanism, and the mobile trolley (1) is equipped with hydraulic leveling outriggers to keep the trolley level on uneven tunnel arch surfaces.

9. The integrated construction device for waterproofing and drainage of plateau tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waterproof membrane is a self-adhesive composite waterproof membrane, and a water-swellable waterstop strip is provided on the side facing the initial support.

10. The integrated construction device for waterproofing and drainage of plateau tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control system also includes a blockchain data uploading module, which is used to perform hash calculations on key parameters of drainage and waterproofing construction and upload them to the blockchain network to generate tamper-proof quality traceability digital certificates.

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