A vehicle-mounted mobile atmospheric pollutant precision traceability identification device

Abstract

This invention provides a vehicle-mounted, mobile device for precise source tracing and identification of air pollutants, relating to the field of air pollution source tracing technology. It includes a vehicle body with a drive motor inside. The output of the drive motor is connected to a transmission assembly. One output of the transmission assembly is connected to a lifting mechanism, and the lifting end of the lifting mechanism is connected to a detection system for precise source tracing and identification of air pollutants. A second output of the transmission assembly is connected to a conveying assembly. The conveying ends of the two conveying assemblies respectively and synchronously drive two opening and closing plates to move in opposite directions. The two opening and closing plates move within a notch on the upper surface of the vehicle body. A third output of the transmission assembly is connected to a lowering mechanism, and the bottom end of the lowering mechanism is connected to a suction cup. This invention integrates multi-dimensional monitoring modules for heavy metal particulate matter, VOCs, gaseous pollutants, meteorological parameters, and high-precision positioning, enabling comprehensive collection of air pollutant-related data and achieving precise qualitative and quantitative identification of pollutant components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of atmospheric pollution source tracing technology, specifically to a vehicle-mounted, mobile device for precise source tracing and identification of atmospheric pollutants. Background Technology

[0002] As my country's air pollution prevention and control work enters a stage of refined management, its monitoring capabilities are unable to meet the needs of accurate source tracing of air pollutants in complex urban environments, industrial parks, and major transportation routes.

[0003] Currently, most vehicle-mounted air monitoring systems use a combination of single monitoring devices, which suffers from problems such as limited monitoring dimensions, low accuracy in identifying pollutant components, and simple source tracing algorithms, making it difficult to accurately distinguish between primary emission sources and secondary pollutants. Traditional fixed-site monitoring modes have drawbacks such as limited monitoring range, slow response speed, and difficulty in capturing mobile pollution sources and localized high-concentration pollution events. In addition, existing systems have weak communication and visualization capabilities, making it impossible to achieve real-time uploading and efficient sharing of monitoring data, which is insufficient to support rapid decision-making by regulatory authorities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a vehicle-mounted, mobile device for precise source identification and tracing of air pollutants, solving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a vehicle-mounted mobile air pollutant precise source tracing and identification device, including a vehicle body, wherein a drive motor is installed inside the vehicle body, and a transmission component is connected to the output end of the drive motor; The output end of the transmission component is connected to a lifting mechanism, and the lifting end of the lifting mechanism is connected to a detection system. The detection system is used for accurate source identification of air pollutants. The output end of the transmission component is connected to a transmission component. The transmission ends of the two transmission components drive the two opening and closing plates to move in opposite directions, and the two opening and closing plates move in the notch opened on the upper surface of the vehicle body. The output end of the transmission component is connected to a lowering mechanism, and the bottom end of the lowering mechanism is connected to a suction cup, which is used to adhere to a flat ground. The output terminals one, two, and three of the transmission assembly work synchronously, and the movement distances of the detection system, opening and closing plate, and suction cup are adjusted in a consistent manner.

[0006] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a transmission rod fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor, a worm gear fixedly connected to the middle of the transmission rod, a worm wheel meshing with the side of the worm gear, and the worm wheel being connected to the lifting mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a base frame fixedly connected to the interior of the vehicle body, a first lead screw fixedly connected to a worm gear is provided inside the base frame, a first moving block is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the first lead screw, a first hollow column is fixedly connected to the upper side of the first moving block, and the detection system is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first hollow column.

[0008] Preferably, the detection system includes a multi-dimensional monitoring unit, an intelligent path planning unit, a multi-model fusion tracing unit, a data interaction and visualization unit, and a power supply unit; The multi-dimensional monitoring unit is used to simultaneously collect data on air pollutants and heavy metal particulate matter, pollutant component fingerprint data, meteorological parameter data, and vehicle positioning trajectory data. The intelligent path planning unit is communicatively connected to the multi-dimensional monitoring unit and is used to generate a coarse sampling path across the entire domain based on the initial monitoring task, receive real-time monitoring data from the multi-dimensional monitoring unit and identify high-pollution areas, thereby generating a refined and encrypted sampling path. The multi-model fusion source tracing unit is communicatively connected to the multi-dimensional monitoring unit and the intelligent path planning unit. It is used to receive monitoring data corresponding to the encrypted sampling path and, in combination with meteorological parameter data, achieve accurate source tracing and identification of primary emission sources and secondary pollutants through a source tracing algorithm that couples the receptor model with machine learning. The data interaction and visualization unit is connected to the multi-model fusion traceability unit, which is used to visualize the traceability identification results in GIS, generate traceability analysis reports, and interact with external regulatory platforms through the 5G / satellite communication module; The power supply unit is used to provide a stable power supply to all units of the system.

[0009] Secondly, a method for accurate source identification of air pollutants based on the detection system described above includes the following steps: Step 1: System Initialization Deploy the vehicle to the area to be monitored, complete the calibration of the multi-dimensional monitoring units, the parameter configuration of the intelligent path planning unit, and the start-up of the power supply unit; Step 2: Global coarse sampling: The intelligent path planning unit generates a coarse sampling path across the entire domain and controls the vehicle-mounted mobile platform to carry out mobile monitoring at the first preset sampling interval. The multi-dimensional monitoring unit simultaneously collects monitoring data and transmits it to the multi-model fusion tracing unit. Step 3: High-value area identification: The multi-model fusion source tracing unit constructs a spatial distribution heat map of pollutant concentration based on real-time monitoring data and wind field vector grid, identifies high-pollution areas and feeds them back to the intelligent path planning unit. Step 4: Refined Encryption Sampling The intelligent path planning unit generates a refined and encrypted sampling path for high-pollution areas, controls the vehicle to carry out encrypted sampling at a second preset sampling interval, and supplements the collection of pollutant component fingerprint data; Step 5: Multi-model fusion and source tracing: The multi-model fusion source tracing unit, based on encrypted sampling data, achieves accurate source tracing and identification of primary emission sources and secondary pollutants by coupling receptor models with machine learning algorithms and fingerprint spectrum similarity coupling analysis. Step Six: Results Display and Interaction The data interaction and visualization unit will visualize the traceability results using GIS, generate standardized traceability analysis reports, and interact with external regulatory platforms through a remote communication module.

[0010] Preferably, a first bevel gear is fixedly connected to both sides of the transmission rod, and two second bevel gears are respectively meshed with the sides of the first bevel gears. A drive rod is fixedly connected to the middle part of each of the two second bevel gears, and the outer drive rod is connected to the transmission assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the conveying assembly includes two conveying wheels and a conveyor belt located between the two conveying wheels. The bottom conveying wheel is fixedly connected to the drive rod, and a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper conveying wheel. A connecting rack is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting rod, and a connecting gear is meshed on the upper side of the connecting rack. The connecting gear is fixedly connected to the bottom of the opening and closing plate.

[0012] Preferably, a third bevel gear is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the two drive rods, and a fourth bevel gear is meshed with the bottom of the third bevel gear, which is connected to the lowering mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, the lowering mechanism includes a connecting frame fixedly connected to the bottom of the vehicle body, a second lead screw fixedly connected to the fourth bevel gear is provided inside the connecting frame, a second moving block is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the second lead screw, a second hollow column is fixedly connected to the lower side of the second moving block, and the suction cup is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second hollow column.

[0014] Preferably, the vehicle body is provided with casters at all four corners of its bottom.

[0015] Preferably, a handrail is provided on one side of the vehicle body.

[0016] (III) Beneficial Effects This invention provides a vehicle-mounted, mobile device for precise source identification and tracing of air pollutants, which has the following advantages: 1. By driving the motor, the opening and closing plate, detection system and suction cup move synchronously and at equal distances, which greatly saves the installation time of the monitoring work.

[0017] 2. It integrates multi-dimensional monitoring modules for heavy metal particulate matter, VOCs, gaseous pollutants, meteorological parameters, and high-precision positioning, which can comprehensively collect relevant data on air pollutants and achieve accurate qualitative and quantitative identification of pollutant components, thus solving the problem of single monitoring dimensions in existing systems. Furthermore, it adopts a simulated annealing algorithm to generate a coarse sampling path across the entire domain, and combines real-time monitoring data to dynamically identify high-pollution areas and increase sampling density, thereby improving sampling efficiency and targeting, and solving the problem of existing systems relying on human experience for path planning. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall internal structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lowering mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall bottom of the present invention.

[0019] The components include: 1. vehicle body; 2. drive motor; 3. transmission assembly; 4. lifting mechanism; 5. detection system; 6. opening and closing plate; 7. lowering mechanism; 8. casters; and 9. handrail. 31. Transmission rod; 32. Worm gear; 33. Worm wheel; 34. First bevel gear; 35. Second bevel gear; 36. Drive rod; 37. Third bevel gear; 38. Fourth bevel gear; 39. Transmission assembly; 391. Conveyor wheel; 392. Conveyor belt; 393. Connecting rod; 394. Connecting rack; 395. Connecting gear; 41. Base frame; 42. First lead screw; 43. First moving block; 44. First hollow column; 71. Connecting frame; 72. Second lead screw; 73. Second moving block; 74. Second hollow column; 75. Suction cup. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a vehicle-mounted, mobile, precise source tracing and identification device for air pollutants, including a vehicle body 1, a drive motor 2 installed inside the vehicle body 1, and a transmission component 3 connected to the output end of the drive motor 2.

[0022] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the output end of the transmission component 3 is connected to a lifting mechanism 4, and the lifting end of the lifting mechanism 4 is connected to a detection system 5. The detection system 5 is used for accurate source identification of air pollutants. Specifically, the transmission assembly 3 includes a transmission rod 31 fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor 2, a worm gear 32 fixedly connected to the middle of the transmission rod 31, a worm wheel 33 meshing with the side of the worm gear 32, and the worm wheel 33 connected to the lifting mechanism 4. The lifting mechanism 4 includes a bottom frame 41 fixedly connected to the inside of the vehicle body 1. The bottom frame 41 is provided with a first lead screw 42 fixedly connected to the worm gear 33. The outer wall of the first lead screw 42 is threadedly connected to a first moving block 43. A first hollow column 44 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the first moving block 43. The detection system 5 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first hollow column 44. The detection system 5 includes a multi-dimensional monitoring unit, an intelligent path planning unit, a multi-model fusion tracing unit, a data interaction and visualization unit, and a power supply unit; The multi-dimensional monitoring unit is used to simultaneously collect data on air pollutants and heavy metal particulate matter, pollutant component fingerprint data, meteorological parameter data, and vehicle positioning trajectory data. The intelligent path planning unit communicates with the multi-dimensional monitoring unit to generate a coarse sampling path across the entire domain based on the initial monitoring task, receive real-time monitoring data from the multi-dimensional monitoring unit and identify high-pollution areas, thereby generating a refined and encrypted sampling path. The multi-model fusion source tracing unit communicates with the multi-dimensional monitoring unit and the intelligent path planning unit to receive monitoring data corresponding to the encrypted sampling path. By combining meteorological parameter data with the source tracing algorithm that couples the receptor model with machine learning, it can achieve accurate source tracing and identification of primary emission sources and secondary pollutants. The data interaction and visualization unit communicates with the multi-model fusion traceability unit to visualize the traceability identification results in GIS, generate traceability analysis reports, and interact with external regulatory platforms via a 5G / satellite communication module. The power supply unit is used to provide a stable power supply to all units in the system.

[0023] The above structure, through the driving action of the drive motor 2, drives the transmission rod 31 and the worm gear 32 to rotate, which in turn drives the worm wheel 33 to rotate, causing the first lead screw 42 to rotate, which in turn drives the first moving block 43 and the first hollow column 44 to move, so as to realize the upward movement of the detection system 5.

[0024] Secondly, the detection system 5 integrates multi-dimensional monitoring modules for heavy metal particulate matter, VOCs, gaseous pollutants, meteorological parameters, and high-precision positioning. It can comprehensively collect relevant data on air pollutants, achieve accurate qualitative and quantitative identification of pollutant components, and solve the problem of the single monitoring dimension of the existing system. Furthermore, it adopts a simulated annealing algorithm to generate a coarse sampling path across the entire domain, and combines real-time monitoring data to dynamically identify high-pollution areas and increase sampling density, thereby improving sampling efficiency and targeting, and solving the problem that the path planning of the existing system relies on human experience.

[0025] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the output end of the transmission component 3 is connected to the transmission component 39. The transmission ends of the two transmission components 39 drive the two opening and closing plates 6 to move in opposite directions, and the two opening and closing plates 6 move in the notch opened on the upper surface of the vehicle body 1. Specifically, a first bevel gear 34 is fixedly connected to both sides of the transmission rod 31, and two second bevel gears 35 are respectively meshed with the sides of the first bevel gears 34. A drive rod 36 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the two second bevel gears 35 respectively, and the outer drive rod 36 is connected to the transmission assembly 39. The conveying assembly 39 includes two conveying wheels 391 and a conveyor belt 392 located between the two conveying wheels 391. The bottom conveying wheel 391 is fixedly connected to the drive rod 36. A connecting rod 393 is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper conveying wheel 391. A connecting rack 394 is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting rod 393. A connecting gear 395 is meshed on the upper side of the connecting rack 394. The connecting gear 395 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the opening and closing plate 6.

[0026] With the rotation of the transmission rod 31, the first bevel gear 34, the second bevel gear 35 and the drive rod 36 are driven to rotate, so that the transmission wheel 391 works with the transmission belt 392 to drive the rotation of the connecting rod 393 and the connecting gear 394, so as to realize the synchronous and opposite movement of the two connecting racks 395, so that the opening plate 6 tends to open, leaving space for the detection system 5 to unfold.

[0027] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the output end of the transmission component 3 is connected to a lowering mechanism 7, and the bottom end of the lowering mechanism 7 is connected to a suction cup 75, which is used to adhere to a flat ground. Specifically, a third bevel gear 37 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the two drive rods 36, and a fourth bevel gear 38 is meshed with the bottom of the third bevel gear 37. The fourth bevel gear 38 is connected to the lowering mechanism 7. The lowering mechanism 7 includes a connecting frame 71 fixedly connected to the bottom of the vehicle body 1. Inside the connecting frame 71 is a second lead screw 72 fixedly connected to the fourth bevel gear 38. The outer wall of the second lead screw 72 is threadedly connected to a second moving block 73. The lower side of the second moving block 73 is fixedly connected to a second hollow column 74. A suction cup 75 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second hollow column 74.

[0028] In the above structure, as the drive rod 36 rotates, it drives the third bevel gear 37 and the fourth bevel gear 38 to rotate, causing the second lead screw 72 to rotate, which in turn drives the second moving block 73 and the second hollow column 74 to move, so as to realize the downward movement of the suction cup 75 and thus adhere to the ground, improving the overall stability.

[0029] In summary, the output terminals 1, 2, and 3 of the transmission assembly 3 work synchronously, and the movement distances of the control and detection system 5, the opening and closing plate 6, and the suction cup 75 are consistent.

[0030] like Figure 8 As shown, each of the four corners of the bottom of the vehicle body 1 is provided with a movable wheel 8, and the lowest point of the suction cup 75 is consistent with the lowest point of the movable wheel 8. A handrail 9 is provided on one side of the vehicle body 1 for manual pushing. Example 2

[0031] This embodiment further elaborates on the detection system 5 based on Embodiment 1, and its specific structure is as follows: The multi-dimensional monitoring unit includes a particulate matter monitoring subunit: employing a laser scattering and beta-ray coupled particulate matter monitor with a monitoring range of 0.01-100 μm, simultaneously outputting the number concentration distribution of PM1, PM2.5, PM10, and heavy metal particles, with a time resolution of 10 seconds and a detection accuracy of ±5%; it also includes a VOCs monitoring subunit: using an online mass spectrometer coupled with a portable gas chromatograph, capable of detecting VOCs components in the C2-C12 range, constructing a fingerprint spectral library containing over 500 VOCs, qualitatively and quantitatively identifying characteristic pollutants, with a detection limit ≤1 ppb; and a gaseous pollutant monitoring subunit: employing a non-dispersive infrared / ultraviolet absorption gas analyzer, simultaneously monitoring SO2 and NO. x The system measures CO and O3 concentrations, with a measurement range of 0-1000 mg / m³ and a detection accuracy of ±3%. It also includes an onboard meteorological subunit: integrating an ultrasonic anemometer and wind direction sensor, and temperature, humidity and air pressure sensors to collect wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity and air pressure data within a 100-meter altitude range, with a sampling frequency of 1 Hz; and a high-precision positioning subunit: using a dual-system positioning module of Beidou and GPS, with a positioning accuracy of ≤1 meter, simultaneously collecting vehicle speed, heading and position coordinates, with a frequency of 1 Hz.

[0032] The intelligent path planning unit includes an industrial-grade tablet computer running a Linux operating system as hardware; it also includes a software-integrated path planning module and a dynamic adjustment module. The path planning module generates a coarse-sampling path across the entire area based on the road network data of the area to be monitored using a simulated annealing algorithm, with a first preset sampling interval of 500 meters. The dynamic adjustment module constructs a spatial distribution heat map of pollutant concentration based on real-time monitoring data, using an inverse distance weighted interpolation model combined with a wind field vector grid, identifies high-pollution areas with concentrations greater than a first preset threshold (e.g., 50 μg / m³), and densifies the path in these high-pollution areas at a second preset sampling interval of 100 meters.

[0033] The multi-model fusion source tracing unit includes a high-performance industrial control computer with an 8-core processor, 32GB of memory, and a 1TB solid-state drive. It also includes software integrating a source tracing calculation module, a source apportionment module, and a result verification module. The source tracing calculation module couples a receptor model with machine learning algorithms to construct a thermodynamic-source tracing model, quantifying the impact of meteorology and topography on pollutant diffusion. The source apportionment module, based on VOCs component fingerprint data, uses PCA and ICA algorithms combined with pollution source component spectrum constraints to achieve accurate decomposition of pollutant components. The result verification module combines the emission inventory of enterprises in the industrial park to match the spatiotemporal correlation between pollution source location, emission type, and monitoring data, outputting an accurate source tracing report.

[0034] The data interaction and visualization unit, including the hardware and multi-model fusion source tracing unit sharing an industrial control computer, is equipped with ArcGIS visualization software. The software includes a GIS visualization module, a report generation module, and a remote communication module. The GIS visualization module enables layered display of monitoring data, pollution heat maps, and source tracing results. The report generation module automatically generates PDF reports containing monitoring overview, pollution distribution, source tracing results, and remediation recommendations. The remote communication module adopts a 5G+satellite dual-mode communication module to achieve real-time data uploading and remote control command reception.

[0035] The power supply unit includes an on-board battery pack: a 24V / 200Ah high-capacity lithium battery pack with a full-load working time of ≥10 hours; a solar charging module: integrating four 250W flexible solar panels with a rated power of 1000W, equipped with an MPPT solar controller to charge the on-board battery pack; and a voltage stabilizing power supply module: equipped with overvoltage, overcurrent, and overload protection functions, outputting stable 220V AC / 12V DC power to ensure stable operation of each unit.

[0036] Secondly, a method for accurate source identification of air pollutants based on the detection system described above includes the following steps: Step 1: System Initialization The vehicle-mounted mobile platform is driven to the monitoring area in an industrial park. The multi-dimensional monitoring unit is activated to complete the zero-point calibration and range calibration of equipment for particulate matter, VOCs, and gaseous pollutants. The road network data and sampling interval parameters of the intelligent path planning unit are configured. The power supply unit is activated to check the battery pack power and the working status of the solar charging module to ensure the normal operation of the system.

[0037] Step 2: Full-area coarse sampling: Based on the road network data of the industrial park, the intelligent path planning unit uses the simulated annealing algorithm to generate a coarse sampling path covering the entire industrial park, and arranges sampling points at 500-meter sampling intervals; the vehicle-mounted mobile platform is controlled to travel along the coarse sampling path, and the multi-dimensional monitoring unit simultaneously collects particulate matter, VOCs, gaseous pollutant concentrations, meteorological parameters and vehicle positioning trajectory data, collecting a set of data every 10 seconds and transmitting it to the multi-model fusion source tracing unit.

[0038] Step 3: High-value area identification: The multi-model fusion source tracing unit receives real-time monitoring data and combines it with wind speed and direction data collected by the vehicle-mounted meteorological subunit to construct a wind field vector grid. It then generates a spatial distribution heat map of pollutant concentration in the industrial park through an inverse distance weighted interpolation model. Three high-value pollution areas with concentrations greater than 50 μg / m³ are identified and fed back to the intelligent path planning unit.

[0039] Step 4: Refined Encryption Sampling The intelligent path planning unit generates refined and encrypted sampling paths for three high-pollution areas at 100-meter sampling intervals; it controls the vehicle-mounted mobile platform to travel to each high-pollution area and conducts mobile monitoring according to the encrypted sampling paths, focusing on supplementing the collection of VOCs component fingerprint data. A set of data is collected every 5 seconds and transmitted to the multi-model fusion source tracing unit.

[0040] Step 5: Multi-model fusion and source tracing: The multi-model fusion source tracing unit receives encrypted sampling data, quantifies the diffusion impact by coupling receptor models with machine learning algorithms and combining meteorological parameters; based on VOCs fingerprint data, it decomposes pollutant components by combining PCA and ICA algorithms with pollution source composition spectrum constraints; combined with the emission inventory of enterprises in the industrial park, it matches spatiotemporal correlation information to identify two primary emission sources (unorganized emissions from a chemical enterprise and dust emissions from a building materials factory) and one secondary particulate matter generation area, and outputs a precise source tracing report including the pollution source name, emission intensity, and contribution percentage (45% from the chemical enterprise, 30% from the building materials factory, and 25% from secondary generation).

[0041] Step Six: Results Display and Interaction The data interaction and visualization unit displays the source tracing results in layers on a GIS map, marking the location of high-pollution areas, the distribution of pollution sources, and their contribution percentage; it automatically generates standardized source tracing analysis reports, which are uploaded to the local ecological and environmental supervision platform via a 5G communication module; and it receives remote control commands from the supervision platform to adjust the monitoring path and conduct continuous tracking and monitoring of key pollution sources.

[0042] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted, mobile device for precise source tracing and identification of air pollutants, characterized in that: Includes a vehicle body (1), and a drive motor (2) is installed inside the vehicle body (1). The output end of the drive motor (2) is connected to a transmission assembly (3). The output end of the transmission component (3) is connected to a lifting mechanism (4), and the lifting end of the lifting mechanism (4) is connected to a detection system (5). The detection system (5) is used for accurate source identification of air pollutants. The output end of the transmission component (3) is connected to the transmission component (39). The transmission ends of the two transmission components (39) drive the two opening and closing plates (6) to move in opposite directions, and the two opening and closing plates (6) move in the notch opened on the upper surface of the vehicle body (1). The output end of the transmission component (3) is connected to a descending mechanism (7), and the bottom end of the descending mechanism (7) is connected to a suction cup (75), which is used to adsorb flat ground. The output terminals one, two, and three of the transmission assembly (3) work synchronously, and the movement distances of the detection system (5), opening and closing plate (6), and suction cup (75) are adjusted in a consistent manner.

2. The vehicle-mounted, mobile, precise source tracing and identification device for air pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (3) includes a transmission rod (31) fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor (2), a worm gear (32) fixedly connected to the middle of the transmission rod (31), a worm wheel (33) meshing with the side of the worm gear (32), and the worm wheel (33) connected to the lifting mechanism (4).

3. The vehicle-mounted, mobile, precise source tracing and identification device for air pollutants according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (4) includes a bottom frame (41) fixedly connected to the inside of the vehicle body (1). The bottom frame (41) is provided with a first lead screw (42) fixedly connected to the worm gear (33). The outer wall of the first lead screw (42) is threadedly connected to a first moving block (43). The upper side of the first moving block (43) is fixedly connected to a first hollow column (44). The detection system (5) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first hollow column (44).

4. The vehicle-mounted, mobile, precise source tracing and identification device for air pollutants according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection system (5) includes a multi-dimensional monitoring unit, an intelligent path planning unit, a multi-model fusion tracing unit, a data interaction and visualization unit, and a power supply unit; The multi-dimensional monitoring unit is used to simultaneously collect data on air pollutants and heavy metal particulate matter, pollutant component fingerprint data, meteorological parameter data, and vehicle positioning trajectory data. The intelligent path planning unit is communicatively connected to the multi-dimensional monitoring unit and is used to generate a coarse sampling path across the entire domain based on the initial monitoring task, receive real-time monitoring data from the multi-dimensional monitoring unit and identify high-pollution areas, thereby generating a refined and encrypted sampling path. The multi-model fusion source tracing unit is communicatively connected to the multi-dimensional monitoring unit and the intelligent path planning unit. It is used to receive monitoring data corresponding to the encrypted sampling path and, in combination with meteorological parameter data, achieve accurate source tracing and identification of primary emission sources and secondary pollutants through a source tracing algorithm that couples the receptor model with machine learning. The data interaction and visualization unit is connected to the multi-model fusion traceability unit, which is used to visualize the traceability identification results in GIS, generate traceability analysis reports, and interact with external regulatory platforms through the 5G / satellite communication module; The power supply unit is used to provide a stable power supply to all units of the system.

5. The vehicle-mounted, mobile, precise source tracing and identification device for air pollutants according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both sides of the transmission rod (31) are fixedly connected to a first bevel gear (34), and the sides of the first bevel gear (34) are respectively meshed with two second bevel gears (35). The middle parts of the two second bevel gears (35) are respectively fixedly connected to a drive rod (36), and the outer drive rod (36) is connected to the transmission assembly (39).

6. The vehicle-mounted, mobile, precise source tracing and identification device for air pollutants according to claim 5, characterized in that: The conveying assembly (39) includes two conveying wheels (391) and a conveyor belt (392) located between the two conveying wheels (391). The bottom conveying wheel (391) is fixedly connected to the drive rod (36). A connecting rod (393) is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper conveying wheel (391). A connecting rack (394) is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting rod (393). A connecting gear (395) is meshed on the upper side of the connecting rack (394). The connecting gear (395) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the opening and closing plate (6).

7. The vehicle-mounted, mobile, precise source tracing and identification device for air pollutants according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer walls of the two drive rods (36) are fixedly connected to a third bevel gear (37), and the bottom of the third bevel gear (37) is meshed with a fourth bevel gear (38), which is connected to the lowering mechanism (7).

8. The vehicle-mounted, mobile, precise source tracing and identification device for air pollutants according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lowering mechanism (7) includes a connecting frame (71) fixedly connected to the bottom of the vehicle body (1). The connecting frame (71) is provided with a second lead screw (72) fixedly connected to the fourth bevel gear (38). The outer wall of the second lead screw (72) is threadedly connected to a second moving block (73). The lower side of the second moving block (73) is fixedly connected to a second hollow column (74). The suction cup (75) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second hollow column (74).

9. A vehicle-mounted, mobile, precise source tracing and identification device for air pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle body (1) is equipped with four wheels (8) at the bottom corners.

10. A vehicle-mounted, mobile, precise source tracing and identification device for air pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that: A handrail (9) is provided on one side of the vehicle body (1).

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