A farmland pest monitoring and killing integrated device
By using a rigid louvered array and a time-synchronized structure in agricultural pest monitoring equipment, the problems of decreased adhesion of viscous colloids and sample loss were solved, enabling synchronous recording and correlation analysis of pest samples and environmental data.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610823317.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-25
AI Technical Summary
Existing agricultural pest monitoring equipment is prone to reduced adhesion of sticky colloids due to dust coverage, and there is a lack of rigid correlation between pest sample collection and environmental data recording, making it difficult to establish a data mapping channel. Furthermore, pest samples are easily lost or confused during operation.
A rigid louvered array is used to replace the adhesive colloid. A non-cylindrical cam drives an impact hammer to generate instantaneous excitation force to separate pests. A time-synchronized structure ensures that the falling insect action is staggered with the stepping action of the rotating tray. Data recording is achieved in conjunction with an environmental monitoring agency.
It achieves physical trapping and sample collection without chemical consumables, ensuring accurate collection of pest samples and synchronous recording with environmental data, and establishing a correlation curve between the occurrence pattern of target pests and environmental parameters.
Smart Images
Figure CN122623645A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural plant protection monitoring equipment technology, specifically to an integrated device for monitoring and trapping farmland pests. Background Technology
[0002] Field pest monitoring is a crucial aspect of agricultural production protection. Existing field pest monitoring equipment typically uses sticky traps to capture pests, with the traps coated with an adhesive substance. In actual field applications, the surface of the sticky traps is easily covered by environmental dust. Dust accumulation reduces the physical adhesion of the adhesive substance, gradually causing the monitoring equipment to lose its insect-catching function. Furthermore, sticky traps are chemical consumables, requiring frequent manual replacement.
[0003] When pests fall into the collection structure due to gravity or being shaken off, traditional collection structures often use a single container to hold them all, making it impossible to physically isolate pest samples according to time periods. This results in the inability to accurately classify the pest population within a single day. Some monitoring devices have attempted to introduce multi-container switching mechanisms, but during operation, the vibration and insect-falling actions of the equipment and the container switching actions often overlap within the same time period. This causes the falling insect samples to fail to accurately fall into the moving collection container, resulting in sample loss or confusion.
[0004] Even more problematic is that the occurrence patterns of agricultural pest populations are related to environmental temperature and humidity. Existing equipment can only collect insect bodies or record environmental data separately. There is a lack of rigid physical triggering relationships between the mechanical actions of different systems, making it difficult for discrete physical samples of pests to establish a direct data mapping channel with environmental parameters at a specific moment. As a result, it is impossible to provide staff with structured data that includes combinations of time points, environmental temperature and humidity values, and discrete insect populations. There is also a lack of data input foundation for constructing a correlation curve between the occurrence patterns of target pests and environmental parameters. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an integrated device for monitoring and trapping agricultural pests. It solves the problems of traditional sticky insect boards being easily covered by environmental dust, resulting in decreased adhesion and reliance on chemical consumables; overlapping of insect dropping actions and container switching actions, leading to inaccurate collection of pest samples; and the lack of rigid physical correlation between pest collection actions and environmental data recording actions, making it difficult to establish a data mapping channel.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an integrated device for monitoring and trapping agricultural pests, comprising a main shell, a rainproof and dustproof canopy, a suspension interface, a suspension line, a slit trapping component, a vibration-induced insect-falling mechanism, a stepping collection mechanism, and an environmental monitoring mechanism. The rainproof and dustproof canopy is fixedly connected to the top end face of the main shell. A suspension interface is fixedly installed at the center of the upper surface of the rainproof and dustproof canopy, and the suspension interface is mechanically connected to the external suspension line. A vertically penetrating cavity is formed inside the main shell. The slit trapping component, the vibration-induced insect-falling mechanism, and the stepping collection mechanism are sequentially arranged inside the main shell from top to bottom along the direction of gravity. The slit trapping component is arranged in the upper cavity of the main shell, and the vibration-induced insect-falling mechanism is arranged in the middle cavity of the main shell and located directly below the slit trapping component. The top of the vibration-induced insect-falling mechanism contacts and engages with the slit trapping component, and the vibration-induced insect-falling mechanism outputs a vertical mechanical vibration load to the slit trapping component. The stepping collection mechanism is located in the lower receiving cavity of the main housing, and the inlet of the stepping collection mechanism is vertically aligned with the lower outlet of the slit trapping assembly.
[0007] The crevice trapping assembly includes a suspended resonant base, a vertical guide rail, a support spring, and a louvered array. A vertical guide rail is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the main housing, and the side end face of the suspended resonant base is slidably connected to the vertical guide rail, which restricts the horizontal displacement of the suspended resonant base. The upper end of the support spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the suspended resonant base, and the lower end of the support spring is connected to a support platform fixedly installed inside the main housing. The louvered array is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the suspended resonant base. The louvered array includes multiple rigid louvers arranged at equal intervals; adjacent rigid louvers are inclined relative to each other, forming a V-shaped groove structure in cross-section where the top opening is larger than the bottom opening. A vertically penetrating insect-passing hole runs directly below the crevice at the bottom of the V-shaped groove structure, providing a vertical downward gravity-fed channel for pests that have detached due to mechanical vibration.
[0008] The insect-catching mechanism includes a power input shaft, a non-cylindrical cam, a driven roller, a transmission push rod, a linear guide sleeve, a return compression spring, a preload adjusting nut, and an impact hammer. The power input shaft is horizontally rotatably connected inside the main housing to receive the rotational drive force from an external geared motor. The non-cylindrical cam is fixedly mounted on the power input shaft. The linear guide sleeve is fixedly mounted inside the main housing and located directly above the power input shaft. The transmission push rod vertically passes through the inner hole of the linear guide sleeve. A horizontal pin is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the transmission push rod, and the driven roller is rotatably connected to the horizontal pin, with its outer cylindrical surface in contact with the outer circumferential contour surface of the non-cylindrical cam. The impact hammer is fixedly mounted on the top end of the transmission push rod, with its top end face vertically aligned with the bottom end face of the slit trapping assembly. The middle outer cylindrical surface of the transmission push rod has external threads. The preload adjusting nut is threaded onto the middle outer cylindrical surface of the transmission push rod. The return compression spring is coaxially fitted outside the transmission push rod and located between the linear guide sleeve and the preload adjusting nut.
[0009] The stepping collection mechanism includes an escape-proof guide funnel, a grooved wheel assembly, a star wheel shaft, a rotating tray, and centrifuge tubes. The escape-proof guide funnel is fixedly installed inside the main housing and located directly below the slit trapping assembly. The grooved wheel assembly is arranged in the lower external space of the escape-proof guide funnel and includes an active dial and a star wheel. The star wheel shaft is vertically rotatably connected to a support frame at the bottom of the main housing, and the top of the star wheel shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the star wheel, while the middle of the star wheel shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the rotating tray. A cylindrical pin is vertically fixedly connected to the eccentric position of the horizontally positioned active dial, and a locking arc boss protrudes from the outer circumferential edge of the active dial. The star wheel is horizontally positioned and at the same level as the active dial. Seven radial grooves are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential edge of the star wheel, and a concave arc surface with a radius of curvature equal to the radius of curvature of the locking arc boss is formed at the outer edge between two adjacent radial grooves. The rotating tray, which has a horizontal disc-shaped structure, has seven centrifuge tube placement holes evenly distributed at equal angles along its circumference. Each of the seven placement holes contains a centrifuge tube pre-filled with ethanol solution, which is vertically fixed inside. When in a static and restricted state, the top opening of one of the seven centrifuge tubes is vertically aligned with the bottom discharge pipe of the anti-escape guide funnel.
[0010] The integrated monitoring and trapping device for farmland pests also includes a timing synchronization structure connecting the vibration-induced insect-falling mechanism and the stepping collection mechanism. A drive bevel gear is fixedly fitted at the end of the power input shaft of the vibration-induced insect-falling mechanism, and a vertically oriented drive disc shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the drive disc of the stepping collection mechanism. The drive disc shaft is rotatably connected within a support bearing fixedly installed inside the main housing, and a driven bevel gear meshing with the drive bevel gear is fixedly fitted at the upper end of the drive disc shaft; the power input shaft transmits rotational motion to the drive disc shaft through the meshing drive and driven bevel gears.
[0011] The environmental monitoring unit includes a micro switch, a trigger boss, a data logger, a temperature and humidity sensor, a real-time clock module, and a data storage module. The trigger boss is fixedly mounted on the side end face of a non-cylindrical cam, and the micro switch is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the main housing, with its contact point extending into the space of the trigger boss's rotational trajectory. The temperature and humidity sensor is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of a rainproof and dustproof canopy; the micro switch, temperature and humidity sensor, real-time clock module, and data storage module are all electrically connected to the data logger.
[0012] In this invention, the physical gaps at the bottom of the V-shaped groove structure formed by the inclined rigid louvers replace the adhesive surface to collect the spatial location of pests. A single rotation of the non-cylindrical cam, combined with a return compression spring, generates an instantaneous upward impact acceleration. This instantaneous excitation force, exceeding the mechanical adhesion of the pests, causes the insects to physically separate from the rigid louver surface and fall downwards. The grooved wheel assembly drives the rotating tray to complete a single station step-by-step switching action, transforming the daily monitoring cycle on the time axis into spatial segmentation of the rotating tray. This collects time samples of detached pests falling into the corresponding centrifuge tubes containing ethanol solutions, forming physical isolation. The timing synchronization structure sets a fixed mechanical initial phase angle, achieving rigid motion separation between the insect-falling action and the rotating tray's step-by-step action within different time intervals. Both the single mechanical action of the trigger boss pressing the microswitch and the single stepping action of the rotating tray switching positions are driven by the same single rotation of the power input shaft. The microswitch triggers the data recorder to record the air temperature and humidity values measured by the temperature and humidity sensor and the current timestamp data of the real-time clock module, generating a data log arranged in chronological order within the data storage module. The physical triggering results with an equal number of actions establish a direct data mapping channel between the physical sample of pests collected inside a single centrifuge tube and the temperature and humidity parameters at a specific moment contained in a single data log. Relying on the numerical mapping and matching between physically separated samples and environmental data logs provides the data input basis for constructing the correlation curve between the occurrence pattern of target pests and environmental parameters.
[0013] This invention provides an integrated device for monitoring and trapping agricultural pests. It offers the following advantages:
[0014] 1. This invention uses the physical gaps at the bottom of a V-shaped groove structure formed by two adjacent rigid louvers to replace the adhesive surface for collecting pests. Furthermore, a non-cylindrical cam drives an impact hammer to generate an instantaneous acceleration that impacts the suspended resonant base upwards. This instantaneous excitation force, exceeding the mechanical adhesion, causes the insect to physically separate from the rigid louver surface. This avoids the defect of traditional sticky insect adhesive surfaces being easily covered by environmental dust, leading to a decrease in adhesion. This invention achieves physical trapping and sample detachment without chemical consumables.
[0015] 2. This invention transmits the rotational motion of the power input shaft to the active dial shaft through a time-synchronization structure, driving the Geneva wheel assembly to drive the rotating tray to complete a single station step-by-step switching action. This transforms the daily monitoring cycle into a spatial segmentation action of the rotating tray, guiding the detached pests into the ethanol solution inside the centrifuge tube to form a time sample. Furthermore, a fixed mechanical initial phase angle is set in the physical structure to prevent the detached pest action from overlapping with the rotating tray step-by-step action within the same time interval, ensuring that the pest sample accurately falls into the stationary centrifuge tube.
[0016] 3. This invention synchronously drives the trigger boss on the non-cylindrical cam to press the micro switch and drive the rotating tray to switch positions through the same power input shaft. The micro switch wakes up the data recorder to read the temperature and humidity values measured by the temperature and humidity sensor and the timestamp data of the real-time clock module and generates a data log. The rigid physical trigger with equal number of actions establishes a direct mapping channel between the physically separated samples collected inside the centrifuge tube and the environmental parameters contained in the data log with a specific sequence number, providing the data input basis for constructing the correlation curve between the occurrence pattern of the target pest and the environmental parameters. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the louvered array structure of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration-induced insect-falling mechanism of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the stepping collection mechanism of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Geneva assembly of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the vibration-induced insect-falling mechanism of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the environmental monitoring mechanism of the present invention.
[0024] The components include: 1. Main shell; 2. Rainproof and dustproof canopy; 3. Suspension interface; 4. Suspension line; 10. Gap trapping assembly; 11. Suspended resonance base; 12. Vertical guide rail; 13. Support spring; 14. Louver array; 141. Rigid louver; 142. V-groove structure; 15. Insect-leaking hole; 20. Vibration and insect-falling mechanism; 21. Power input shaft; 22. Non-cylindrical cam; 23. Driven roller; 24. Transmission push rod; 25. Linear guide sleeve; 26. Return compression spring; 27. Preload adjusting nut; 28. Impact hammer; 30. Stepping collection mechanism; 31. Escape prevention. 32. Guide funnel; 32. Grooved wheel assembly; 321. Active dial; 322. Cylindrical pin; 323. Locking arc boss; 324. Star wheel; 325. Radial groove; 326. Concave arc surface; 33. Star wheel shaft; 34. Rotating tray; 35. Centrifuge tube placement hole; 36. Centrifuge tube; 40. Environmental monitoring mechanism; 41. Micro switch; 42. Trigger boss; 43. Data recorder; 44. Temperature and humidity sensor; 45. Real-time clock module; 46. Data storage module; 50. Timing synchronization structure; 51. Active bevel gear; 52. Active dial shaft; 53. Driven bevel gear. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0026] See attached document Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 7 This invention provides an integrated device for monitoring and trapping agricultural pests. The device includes a main housing 1, a rainproof and dustproof canopy 2, a hanging interface 3, a hanging line 4, a slit trapping component 10, a vibration-induced insect-falling mechanism 20, a stepping collection mechanism 30, and an environmental monitoring mechanism 40. The upper side wall of the main housing 1 has an insect-entry window communicating with a louvered array 14. The rainproof and dustproof canopy 2 is fixedly connected to the top end face of the main housing 1, and a hanging interface 3 is fixedly installed at the center of the upper surface of the rainproof and dustproof canopy 2. The hanging interface 3 is mechanically connected to the external hanging line 4. By adjusting the vertical length of the hanging line 4, the suspension height of the integrated device from the ground is set to 1.5 meters, which matches the height of cowpea plants during their growth period.
[0027] The main housing 1 has a vertically penetrating cavity inside. The crevice trapping assembly 10, the vibration-induced insect-falling mechanism 20, and the stepping collection mechanism 30 are sequentially arranged inside the main housing 1 from top to bottom along the direction of gravity. The horizontal projected area of the rainproof and dustproof canopy 2 is larger than that of the main housing 1, thus preventing external precipitation and dust from falling into the main housing 1. The crevice trapping assembly 10 is arranged in the upper cavity of the main housing 1, and the vibration-induced insect-falling mechanism 20 is arranged in the middle cavity of the main housing 1 and located directly below the crevice trapping assembly 10. At the same time, the top of the vibration-induced insect-falling mechanism 20 contacts and engages with the bottom of the crevice trapping assembly 10, so that the vibration-induced insect-falling mechanism 20 outputs a vertical mechanical vibration load to the crevice trapping assembly 10. The stepping collection mechanism 30 is arranged in the lower receiving cavity of the main housing 1 and is located directly below the vibration-induced insect-falling mechanism 20. The inlet of the stepping collection mechanism 30 is vertically aligned with the lower outlet of the slit trapping assembly 10, thereby catching the pests that fall vertically from the slit trapping assembly 10 due to mechanical vibration load. The environmental monitoring mechanism 40 is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the main housing 1 and is located to the side of the vibration-induced insect-falling mechanism 20. The power shaft end of the vibration-induced insect-falling mechanism 20 is in contact with the environmental monitoring mechanism 40, so that the rotation of the vibration-induced insect-falling mechanism 20 generates mechanical displacement that triggers the environmental monitoring mechanism 40 to record data. The vertical series spatial layout provides a physical channel for the pests to fall unilaterally to the collection station under gravity after falling off.
[0028] This invention provides a gap trapping assembly 10, which is disposed in the upper receiving cavity of a main housing 1. The gap trapping assembly 10 includes a suspended resonant base 11, a vertical guide rail 12, a support spring 13, and a louvered array 14. A vertical guide rail 12 is fixedly disposed on the inner side wall of the main housing 1. The side end face of the suspended resonant base 11 is slidably connected to the vertical guide rail 12, thereby limiting the horizontal displacement of the suspended resonant base 11. The upper end of the support spring 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the suspended resonant base 11, while the lower end of the support spring 13 is connected to a support platform fixedly disposed inside the main housing 1. This allows the support spring 13 to support the suspended resonant base 11 vertically, thereby breaking the direct rigid contact between the suspended resonant base 11 and the main housing 1 in the vertical direction and cutting off the dissipation path of mechanical vibration load transmitted from the bottom to the suspended resonant base 11 to the main housing 1.
[0029] The louvered panel array 14 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the suspended resonant base 11, and the louvered panel array 14 includes multiple rigid louvers 141 arranged at equal intervals. The surface of the rigid louvered panel 141 is not coated with chemical insect-adhesive colloid, but the surface of the rigid louvered panel 141 is provided with a coating that reflects the blue spectrum, and the coating that reflects the blue spectrum matches the spectral response range of the pest's visual system. Adjacent rigid louvered panels 141 are arranged at an angle relative to each other, forming a V-shaped groove structure 142 in cross-section with a top opening size larger than a bottom opening size. The included angle between adjacent rigid louvered panels 141 ranges from 15 degrees to 30 degrees, and the width of the horizontal slit at the bottom of the V-shaped groove structure 142 is set according to the body size of the target pest, preferably 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm. The horizontal slit width of 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm is equal to or slightly larger than the cross-sectional size of the thrips' body. The horizontal slit at the bottom of the V-groove structure 142 provides a physical space for pests to burrow and stay due to tactile feedback, allowing the physical slit structure of the V-groove structure 142 to replace the adhesive surface in collecting the pests from their spatial location. A vertical through-hole 15, penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the suspended resonant base 11, is directly below the slit at the bottom of the V-groove structure 142. The through-hole 15 provides a vertically downward gravity-driven channel for pests that have detached due to mechanical vibration.
[0030] This invention provides a vibration-induced insect-falling mechanism 20, which is arranged in the central cavity of the main housing 1. The mechanism includes a power input shaft 21, a non-cylindrical cam 22, a driven roller 23, a transmission push rod 24, a linear guide sleeve 25, a return compression spring 26, a preload adjusting nut 27, and an impact hammer 28. The power input shaft 21 is rotatably connected to the main housing 1 in a horizontal state to receive the rotational driving force of an external geared motor. The non-cylindrical cam 22 is fixedly mounted on the power input shaft 21, and its outer circumferential profile is formed by connecting a lift surface and an instantaneous return steep drop surface. The linear guide sleeve 25 is fixedly mounted inside the main housing 1 and located directly above the power input shaft 21. The transmission push rod 24 vertically penetrates the inner hole of the linear guide sleeve 25, constraining the horizontal displacement of the transmission push rod 24 and limiting its linear reciprocating motion to only the vertical direction.
[0031] A horizontal pin is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the transmission push rod 24. The driven roller 23 is rotatably connected to the horizontal pin, and the outer cylindrical surface of the driven roller 23 is in contact with the outer circumferential contour surface of the non-cylindrical cam 22. The impact hammer 28 is fixedly installed at the top end of the transmission push rod 24, and the top end face of the impact hammer 28 is vertically aligned with the bottom end face of the floating resonance base 11. The middle outer cylindrical surface of the transmission push rod 24 is provided with an external thread. The preload adjusting nut 27 is threadedly connected to the middle outer cylindrical surface of the transmission push rod 24. The return compression spring 26 is coaxially fitted outside the transmission push rod 24 and located between the linear guide sleeve 25 and the preload adjusting nut 27, so that the bottom end of the return compression spring 26 abuts against the top end face of the linear guide sleeve 25, and the top end of the return compression spring 26 abuts against the bottom end face of the preload adjusting nut 27.
[0032] When the power input shaft 21 drives the non-cylindrical cam 22 to rotate, the lift surface of the non-cylindrical cam 22 pushes the driven roller 23 to drive the transmission push rod 24 to move downward, increasing the compression of the return compression spring 26 and accumulating elastic potential energy. When the non-cylindrical cam 22 rotates to the phase point where the instantaneous return steep descent surface contacts the driven roller 23, the geometric constraint of the non-cylindrical cam 22 on the driven roller 23 is released, causing the return compression spring 26 to release elastic potential energy, pushing the transmission push rod 24 to drive the impact hammer 28 to move vertically upward and accelerate, causing the top end face of the impact hammer 28 to hit the bottom end face of the suspension resonance base 11. The initial compression length of the reset compression spring 26 is changed by rotating the preload adjusting nut 27, thereby adjusting the acceleration value generated at the moment of impact. The adjusted acceleration value is greater than the mechanical adhesion value between the thrips' foot and the rigid louver 141. The instantaneous excitation force exceeding the mechanical adhesion value causes the insect body to physically separate from the surface of the rigid louver 141, and the detached insect body falls downwards due to gravity.
[0033] This invention provides a stepping collection mechanism 30, which is disposed in the lower receiving cavity of the main housing 1. The mechanism includes an escape-proof guide funnel 31, a grooved wheel assembly 32, a star wheel shaft 33, a rotating tray 34, and a centrifuge tube 36. The escape-proof guide funnel 31 is fixedly installed inside the main housing 1 and located directly below the suspended resonance base 11. The inner conical surface of the escape-proof guide funnel 31 is coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coating. The coefficient of friction of this PTFE coating is less than the minimum static friction coefficient required for insect legs to crawl on an inclined surface. The horizontal cross-sectional area of the top inlet of the escape-proof guide funnel 31 is larger than the total horizontal distribution area of all insect-leaking holes 15, thereby allowing the escape-proof guide funnel 31 to collect insect samples that fall vertically through the insect-leaking holes 15.
[0034] The grooved wheel assembly 32 is arranged in the lower outer space of the escape-proof guide funnel 31 and includes an active dial 321 and a star wheel 324. The active dial 321, which is horizontally positioned, is vertically and fixedly connected to a cylindrical pin 322 at its eccentric position, and a locking arc boss 323 protrudes from the outer circumferential edge of the active dial 321. The star wheel 324 is horizontally positioned and at the same horizontal height as the active dial 321. Seven radial grooves 325 are evenly formed along the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential edge of the star wheel 324, and a concave arc surface 326 with a radius of curvature equal to the radius of curvature of the locking arc boss 323 is formed at the outer edge between two adjacent radial grooves 325. The star wheel shaft 33 is rotatably connected to the support frame at the bottom of the main housing 1 in the vertical direction, and the top end of the star wheel shaft 33 is fixedly connected to the center of the star wheel 324, while the bottom end of the star wheel shaft 33 is fixedly connected to the center of the rotating tray 34. The rotating tray 34, which has a horizontal disc-shaped structure, has seven centrifuge tube placement holes 35 evenly distributed at equal angles along the circumference. The spatial orientation of the seven centrifuge tube placement holes 35 corresponds one-to-one with the spatial orientation of the seven radial grooves 325. Each centrifuge tube placement hole 35 has a centrifuge tube 36 pre-filled with ethanol solution placed vertically inside.
[0035] In the static locked state, the locking arc boss 323 of the active dial 321 is in contact with a concave arc surface 326 of the star wheel 324, mechanically restricting the rotational freedom of the star wheel 324; when in the restricted state, the top opening of one of the seven centrifuge tubes 36 is vertically aligned with the bottom discharge pipe of the anti-escape guide funnel 31. When the active dial 321 rotates one revolution, the active dial 321 drives the cylindrical pin 322 to slide into a radial groove 325 of the star wheel 324, so that the cylindrical pin 322 pushes the star wheel 324 to rotate one-seventh of 360 degrees, and the star wheel shaft 33 drives the rotating tray 34 to rotate one-seventh of 360 degrees in sync, moving the top opening of the next adjacent centrifuge tube 36 horizontally to the bottom discharge pipe of the anti-escape guide funnel 31; one complete mechanical stepping motion completes the spatial division of the daily monitoring cycle on the time axis, and the pests sliding down along the anti-escape guide funnel 31 fall directly into the currently aligned centrifuge tube 36, forming physically isolated independent time samples in the ethanol solution.
[0036] This invention provides a timing synchronization structure 50, which connects the vibrating insect-falling mechanism 20 and the stepping collection mechanism 30. The power input shaft 21 of the vibrating insect-falling mechanism 20 is fixedly fitted with an active bevel gear 51. Simultaneously, the bottom center of the active dial 321 of the stepping collection mechanism 30 is fixedly connected to an active dial shaft 52 arranged vertically. A support plate is fixedly installed inside the main housing 1, and the active dial shaft 52 is rotatably connected within the support plate. The upper end of the active dial shaft 52 is fixedly fitted with a driven bevel gear 53 that meshes with the active bevel gear 51. Since the number of teeth of the active bevel gear 51 is equal to the number of teeth of the driven bevel gear 53, their transmission ratio is constantly one to one. The power input shaft 21 transmits rotational motion to the active dial shaft 52 through the meshing active bevel gear 51 and driven bevel gear 53, ensuring that the power input shaft 21 and the active dial shaft 52 maintain a synchronized and equal rotational speed.
[0037] To address the technical issue of preventing insect samples from accurately falling into the designated centrifuge tube 36 due to the rotating tray 34 being in motion when pests fall, a fixed mechanical initial phase angle is set between the non-cylindrical cam 22 on the power input shaft 21 and the active dial 321 on the active dial shaft 52. The spatial position node where the cylindrical pin 322 on the active dial 321 rotates out of the radial groove 325 of the star wheel 324 and the locking arc boss 323 just rotates into the concave arc surface 326 of the star wheel 324 is defined as the step completion locking point. At this node, the rotational movement of the rotating tray 34 stops and it is in a static locking state with its degrees of freedom mechanically restricted. At the same time, the spatial position node where the instantaneous return steep curve of the non-cylindrical cam 22 begins to contact the driven roller 23 is defined as the excitation trigger point. The numerical setting of the mechanical initial phase angle ensures that the non-cylindrical cam 22 will only rotate to the excitation trigger point after the active dial 321 has rotated to the step completion locking point.
[0038] During half of a single rotation cycle of the power input shaft 21, the cylindrical pin 322 of the active dial 321 enters and slides out of the radial groove 325 of the star wheel 324, driving the rotating tray 34 to complete a single station step-switching action. During the time period of the single station step-switching action, the non-cylindrical cam 22 is in the lift surface section and the driven roller 23 compresses the return spring 26 along the lift surface. At this time, the impact hammer 28 does not produce a vertically upward impact action. During the other half of a single rotation cycle of the power input shaft 21, the rotating tray 34 is in a stationary locked state and the currently aligned centrifuge tube 36 is completely aligned with the bottom discharge pipe of the anti-escape guide funnel 31. During this time period, the non-cylindrical cam 22 rotates past the excitation trigger point, and the return spring 26 releases elastic potential energy to push the impact hammer 28 upward to impact the suspended resonance base 11, causing the shaken-down pest samples to pass through the anti-escape guide funnel 31 and fall into the centrifuge tube 36, which is in an absolutely stationary state. The rigid transmission relationship, which is coaxial in physical structure and has a fixed phase, prevents the kinematic conditions for the insect dropping action and the 34-step rotating tray action to overlap in the same time interval, thus achieving interference-free action separation of the purely mechanical structure.
[0039] This invention provides an environmental monitoring mechanism 40, comprising a micro switch 41, a trigger boss 42, a data recorder 43, a temperature and humidity sensor 44, a real-time clock module 45, and a data storage module 46. The trigger boss 42 is fixedly mounted on the side end face of the non-cylindrical cam 22 of the vibration-induced insect-falling mechanism 20, and the micro switch 41 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the main housing 1, with its contact point extending into the space of the motion trajectory of the trigger boss 42 during rotation. The data recorder 43, the real-time clock module 45, and the data storage module 46 are fixedly mounted in a circuit box encapsulated inside the main housing 1. The temperature and humidity sensor 44 is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the rainproof and dustproof canopy 2 and directly exposed to circulating air. The micro switch 41, the temperature and humidity sensor 44, the real-time clock module 45, and the data storage module 46 are all electrically connected to the data recorder 43.
[0040] To address the technical problem of synchronizing and recording discrete and isolated physical samples of pests with environmental data at the moment of sample fall, the trigger boss 42 rotates synchronously with the non-cylindrical cam 22 along the coaxial direction. This causes the outer edge of the trigger boss 42 to contact and mechanically press the contact endpoint of the micro switch 41 at the spatial position node before the impact hammer 28 produces a vertically upward impact action. Consequently, the internal contacts of the micro switch 41 close, and a level transition signal is input to the hardware interrupt pin of the data recorder 43.
[0041] A level transition signal switches the data recorder 43 from sleep mode to running mode. In running mode, the data recorder 43 reads the current air temperature and humidity values measured by the temperature and humidity sensor 44, and simultaneously reads the current timestamp data output by the real-time clock module 45. Subsequently, the data recorder 43 combines the current air temperature, current air humidity, and current timestamp data to generate a single data log, and writes the single data log into the data storage module 46 for storage. After the data writing operation is completed, the data recorder 43 actively disconnects the power supply to the external sensors and returns to sleep mode.
[0042] The single mechanical action of the trigger boss 42 pressing the micro switch 41 and the single step action of the rotating tray 34 switching positions are both driven by the same power input shaft 21 rotating 360 degrees. The data log sequence number arranged in sequence inside the data storage module 46 and the spatial number of the centrifuge tube 36 that moves sequentially to the bottom of the anti-escape guide funnel 31 on the rotating tray 34 are kept equal in terms of the number of actions. The rigid physical trigger result with equal number of actions establishes a direct data mapping channel between the physical sample of pests collected inside a single centrifuge tube 36 and the temperature and humidity parameters at a specific moment contained in a single data log.
[0043] Working Principle: The integrated pest monitoring and trapping device for farmland provided by this invention first mechanically connects to an external suspension line 4 via a suspension interface 3 at the center of the upper surface of a rainproof and dustproof canopy 2. Adjusting the vertical length of the suspension line 4 suspends the device at a height of 1.5 meters above the ground to match the height of plants during their growth period. During a single day's field monitoring period, target pests in the environment are guided by the blue-spectrum coating on the surface of the rigid louvered panels 141 in the slit trapping component 10 and fly towards the louvered panel array 14. Subsequently, due to tactile feedback, the target pests burrow into the physical gaps at the bottom of the V-shaped groove structure 142 formed by the relative inclination of adjacent rigid louvered panels 141. These physical gaps replace the adhesive surface, completing the initial collection of the pests' spatial location.
[0044] When the preset single mechanical action trigger time is reached, the power input shaft 21 of the external geared motor drives the excitation insect-dropping mechanism 20 to start operating and rotate 360 degrees. During the first half of the single rotation cycle of the power input shaft 21, the non-cylindrical cam 22, which is fixedly mounted on the power input shaft 21, rotates synchronously in the coaxial direction. The trigger boss 42, which is fixedly mounted on the side end face of the non-cylindrical cam 22, moves accordingly, and its outer edge contour contacts and mechanically presses the contact end of the micro switch 41 of the environmental monitoring mechanism 40. The internal contacts of the micro switch 41 close, inputting a level transition signal to the data recorder 43 to wake it up. The data recorder 43, which is in operation, reads the current air temperature and current air humidity values measured by the temperature and humidity sensor 44 on the lower surface of the rainproof and dustproof canopy 2, and simultaneously reads the current timestamp data output by the real-time clock module 45. Then, it combines and encodes these data to generate a single data log containing a specific sequence number of the current time, and writes it into the data storage module 46 for storage. The physical triggers that occur an equal number of times establish the mapping basis between subsequent physical samples and environmental parameters.
[0045] During the period when the microswitch 41 is triggered and data is recorded, the transmission system synchronously drives the stepping collection mechanism 30 to switch workstations. The power input shaft 21 drives the meshing driven bevel gear 53 to rotate through the driving bevel gear 51 of the timing synchronization structure 50, transmitting equal rotational motion to the driving dial shaft 52, which is set in the vertical direction. The driving dial shaft 52 drives the driving dial 321 of the Geneva wheel assembly 32 to rotate, causing the cylindrical pin 322 on the driving dial 321 to slide into the radial groove 325 of the star wheel 324, pushing the star wheel 324 to rotate one-seventh of 360 degrees. The star wheel shaft 33 then drives the rotating tray 34 of the horizontal disc structure to rotate synchronously, moving the top opening of the next adjacent centrifuge tube 36 filled with ethanol solution in the seven centrifuge tube placement holes 35 horizontally to directly below the bottom discharge pipe of the anti-escape guide funnel 31. After the stepping motion is completed, the cylindrical pin 322 rotates out, and the locking arc boss 323 on the outer circumferential edge of the active dial 321 rotates into the concave arc surface 326 of the star wheel 324, and the Geneva wheel assembly 32 enters the mechanical locking state. During the first half of the stroke, the non-cylindrical cam 22 is in the lift curved surface section, and the driven roller 23 drives the transmission push rod 24 to move downward in the linear guide sleeve 25 inside the main housing 1 along the curved surface, increasing the compression of the return compression spring 26 and accumulating elastic potential energy, and the impact hammer 28 at the top does not move.
[0046] During the latter half of a single rotation cycle of the power input shaft 21, the rotating tray 34 is in a static, locked state with mechanically restricted degrees of freedom, and the centrifuge tube 36 with the current specific number is completely aligned with the escape-proof guide funnel 31. At this time, the non-cylindrical cam 22 rotates past the excitation trigger point, and the instantaneous return steep descent surface contacts the driven roller 23, releasing the displacement constraint. The reset compression spring 26 quickly releases its elastic potential energy, its bottom end abuts against the linear guide sleeve 25, and its top end pushes the preload adjusting nut 27 and the transmission push rod 24, causing the impact hammer 28 to accelerate vertically upward, resulting in the top end face of the impact hammer 28 striking the bottom end face of the suspended resonance base 11. Under the restriction of the vertical guide slide rail 12, the suspended resonance base 11 overcomes the elastic force of the support spring 13 and vibrates upward. The louvered array 14 is subjected to a great mechanical excitation force, and the target pests remaining inside the physical gaps are physically separated from the surface of the rigid louvered 141 under the action of the instantaneous excitation force exceeding the mechanical adhesion force. The detached insects fall vertically under the influence of gravity, passing through the insect-leaking holes 15 of the suspended resonance base 11 and falling into the escape-proof guide funnel 31. Due to the extremely low coefficient of friction of the polytetrafluoroethylene coating on the inner side of the escape-proof guide funnel 31, the pests slide directly downstream into the centrifuge tube 36, which is in an absolutely static state, where they are immersed in the ethanol solution, lose their ability to move, and are solidified and preserved.
[0047] After the power input shaft 21 completes a full 360-degree rotation, it stops operating, at which point the daily data entry and sample collection are finished. This process is repeated seven times daily during the field monitoring cycle. After a complete seven-day monitoring cycle, the operator directly removes the rotating tray 34 and exports the data from the data storage module 46. By extracting physically isolated samples from seven centrifuge tubes 36 arranged daily and performing numerical mapping and matching with seven environmental data logs with the same sequence number, the integrated agricultural pest monitoring and trapping device outputs structured data containing combinations of time nodes, environmental temperature and humidity values, and discrete insect populations without human intervention. This provides data input for constructing a correlation curve between occurrence patterns and the environment.
[0048] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. An integrated device for monitoring and trapping agricultural pests, characterized in that, It includes a main shell (1), a slit trapping assembly (10), a vibration insect-falling mechanism (20), and a stepping collection mechanism (30). The main housing (1) forms a vertically penetrating cavity inside. The upper side wall of the main housing (1) is provided with an insect entry window. The slit trapping assembly (10), the vibration insect dropping mechanism (20), and the stepping collection mechanism (30) are arranged sequentially from top to bottom inside the main housing (1) along the direction of gravity. The crevice trapping assembly (10) is arranged in the upper receiving cavity of the main housing (1), and the vibration insect-falling mechanism (20) is arranged in the middle receiving cavity of the main housing (1) and located below the crevice trapping assembly (10). The top of the vibrating insect-falling mechanism (20) intermittently impacts the bottom of the slit trapping assembly (10), causing the vibrating insect-falling mechanism (20) to output a vertical mechanical vibration load to the slit trapping assembly (10). The stepping collection mechanism (30) is arranged in the lower receiving cavity of the main housing (1), and the inlet of the stepping collection mechanism (30) is vertically aligned with the lower outlet of the slit trapping assembly (10).
2. The integrated monitoring and trapping device for farmland pests according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gap trapping assembly (10) includes a suspended resonant base (11), a vertical guide rail (12), a support spring (13), and a louvered array (14). The inner wall of the main housing (1) is symmetrically provided with vertical guide rails (12) in a vertical state, and the side end face of the suspended resonance base (11) is slidably connected to the vertical guide rails (12). The upper end of the support spring (13) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the suspended resonance base (11), while the lower end of the support spring (13) is fixedly connected to the support platform inside the main housing (1). The louvered array (14) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the suspended resonant base (11).
3. The integrated monitoring and trapping device for farmland pests according to claim 2, characterized in that, The louvered panel array (14) includes multiple rigid louvered panels (141). The outer surface of the rigid louvered panel (141) is provided with an insect-attracting coating that reflects the blue spectrum. The reflection spectrum of the insect-attracting coating matches the visual response range of the target pest. Two adjacent rigid louvered panels (141) are arranged at an angle to each other, forming a V-shaped groove structure (142) with a top opening size larger than the bottom opening size in cross-section. The bottom gap of the V-shaped groove structure (142) is vertically connected to an insect-leaking through hole (15) that penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the suspended resonance base (11). The insect-leaking through hole (15) provides a vertical downward gravity drop channel for pests that have fallen off after being subjected to mechanical vibration.
4. The integrated monitoring and trapping device for farmland pests according to claim 1, characterized in that, The excitation insect-dropping mechanism (20) includes a power input shaft (21), a non-cylindrical cam (22), a driven roller (23), and a transmission push rod (24). The power input shaft (21) is rotatably connected to the main housing (1) in a horizontal state to receive the rotational driving force of the external geared motor, and the non-cylindrical cam (22) is fixedly installed on the outside of the power input shaft (21); The bottom end of the transmission push rod (24) is fixedly connected to a horizontal pin. The driven roller (23) is located on the lower outer contour surface of the non-cylindrical cam (22). The driven roller (23) is rotatably connected to the horizontal pin and the outer cylindrical surface of the driven roller (23) is in close contact with the outer circumferential contour surface of the non-cylindrical cam (22).
5. The integrated monitoring and trapping device for farmland pests according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vibrating insect-dropping mechanism (20) also includes a linear guide sleeve (25), a reset compression spring (26), a preload adjusting nut (27), and an impact hammer (28). The linear guide sleeve (25) is fixedly installed inside the main housing (1) and located above the power input shaft (21), and the transmission push rod (24) vertically penetrates the interior of the linear guide sleeve (25); The impact hammer (28) is fixedly installed on the top of the transmission push rod (24), and the top end face of the impact hammer (28) is vertically aligned with the bottom end face of the gap trapping assembly (10). The transmission push rod (24) has an external thread on its middle outer cylindrical surface. The preload adjusting nut (27) is threadedly connected to the middle outer cylindrical surface of the transmission push rod (24). The reset compression spring (26) is coaxially sleeved outside the transmission push rod (24) and located between the linear guide sleeve (25) and the preload adjusting nut (27).
6. The integrated monitoring and trapping device for farmland pests according to claim 5, characterized in that, The stepping collection mechanism (30) includes an escape-proof guide funnel (31), a groove wheel assembly (32), a star wheel shaft (33), a rotating tray (34), and a centrifuge tube (36). The escape-proof guide funnel (31) is fixedly installed inside the main housing (1) and located directly below the gap trap assembly (10). The inner guide surface of the escape-proof guide funnel (31) is provided with a low-friction coating, which is a polytetrafluoroethylene coating. The transmission push rod (24) passes through the central clearance hole inside the escape-proof guide funnel (31), and a discharge pipe is installed on the bottom inclined side of the escape-proof guide funnel (31). The grooved wheel assembly (32) is disposed on the lower side of the escape-proof guide funnel (31) and includes an active dial (321) and a star wheel (324). The star wheel shaft (33) is rotatably connected to the support frame at the bottom of the main housing (1) in a vertical direction, and the top of the star wheel shaft (33) is fixedly connected to the center of the star wheel (324), and the middle part of the star wheel shaft (33) is fixedly connected to the center of the rotating tray (34).
7. The integrated monitoring and trapping device for farmland pests according to claim 6, characterized in that, The active dial (321) is fixedly connected to a cylindrical pin (322) at an eccentric position, and a locking arc boss (323) is provided on the outer circumferential edge of the active dial (321). The star wheel (324) is set horizontally and at the same horizontal height as the active dial (321). The outer circumferential edge of the star wheel (324) is evenly provided with seven radial grooves (325) along the circumferential direction, and a concave arc surface (326) with a radius of curvature equal to the radius of curvature of the locking arc boss (323) is provided at the outer edge between two adjacent radial grooves (325).
8. The integrated monitoring and trapping device for farmland pests according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotating tray (34) has seven centrifuge tube placement holes (35) evenly distributed at equal angles along the circumference. Each of the seven centrifuge tube placement holes (35) has a centrifuge tube (36) pre-filled with ethanol solution placed vertically inside. When in a restricted state, the top opening of one of the seven centrifuge tubes (36) is vertically aligned with the discharge pipe of the escape-proof guide funnel (31).
9. The integrated monitoring and trapping device for farmland pests according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a timing synchronization structure (50) connecting the excitation insect dropping mechanism (20) and the stepping collection mechanism (30). The power input shaft (21) of the excitation insect dropping mechanism (20) is fixedly sleeved with an active bevel gear (51), and the bottom center of the active dial (321) is fixedly connected with an active dial rotating shaft (52) arranged in the vertical direction. The active dial shaft (52) is rotatably connected to the support plate fixedly installed inside the main housing (1), and the upper end of the active dial shaft (52) is fixedly sleeved with a driven bevel gear (53) that meshes with the active bevel gear (51). The non-cylindrical cam (22) and the active dial (52) have a fixed mechanical initial phase angle, so that after the cylindrical pin (322) exits the radial groove (325) and the locking arc boss (323) enters the concave arc surface (326), the instantaneous return steep curve of the non-cylindrical cam (22) enters the excitation triggering engagement state with the driven roller (23).
10. The integrated monitoring and trapping device for farmland pests according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a rainproof and dustproof canopy (2) and an environmental monitoring agency (40); The rainproof and dustproof canopy (2) is fixedly connected to the top end face of the main shell (1), and a hanging interface (3) is fixedly provided at the center of the upper surface of the rainproof and dustproof canopy (2), and the hanging interface (3) is connected to the external hanging line (4). The environmental monitoring mechanism (40) includes a micro switch (41), a trigger boss (42), a data recorder (43), a temperature and humidity sensor (44), a real-time clock module (45), and a data storage module (46). The trigger boss (42) is fixedly installed on the side end face of the non-cylindrical cam (22), and the micro switch (41) is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the main housing (1). The contact end of the micro switch (41) extends into the space of the motion trajectory when the trigger boss (42) rotates. The temperature and humidity sensor (44) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the rainproof and dustproof canopy (2); the micro switch (41), the temperature and humidity sensor (44), the real-time clock module (45) and the data storage module (46) are all electrically connected to the data recorder (43).