A dissolved air intervention type cyclone filtration separation device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of filtration separation, in particular to a dissolved air intervention type cyclone filtration separation device, which comprises a device shell, a coarse filter screen, a stator water wheel, a cylinder section, a conical section, a flow straightener, an oil collecting assembly, a straight cylinder section, a fine filter screen, a rotor water wheel and a water wheel chamber are sequentially arranged in the device shell; the device further comprises a dissolved air intervention assembly; high-pressure air is mixed with high-speed rotating water flow through a micro explosion head 4; the intervention of micro bubbles increases the specific gravity range of different components in the target fluid; meanwhile, the wrapping and adhesion of the micro bubbles to oil stains and light suspended matters solve the problem that the prior art cannot complete multi-phase separation at one time; all the cyclone separation and filter screen automatic filtration separation processes are completed through the hydraulic drive of the pipeline fluid itself, the sewage discharge amount is small, the system pressure loss is small, and there are no energy consumption components such as additional motors and reducers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of filtration and separation technology, specifically to a dissolved gas-interventional cyclone filtration and separation device. Background Technology

[0002] Wastewater purification necessitates the use of filtration and separation devices because suspended sediment, colloidal particles, pathogens, and some large organic molecules in natural water bodies cannot be completely removed through sedimentation or biodegradation. Filtration devices, through physical retention, efficiently separate fine impurities from the water, significantly reducing turbidity and the risk of microbial contamination. Without filtration, residual particles can clog subsequent treatment equipment, deplete disinfectants, breed bacteria, and even cause purified water to turn yellow and deteriorate. Therefore, filtration is an indispensable core step in achieving clear water and ensuring safe drinking water.

[0003] Traditional hydrocyclone separators utilize centrifugal force to separate impurities of varying densities in wastewater. However, they are essentially two-phase separation technologies and cannot simultaneously and effectively separate oil, light suspended solids, and heavier particulate impurities. Current technologies often require multiple stages of equipment connected in series to treat complex wastewater containing oil and solids, resulting in long process flows and high energy consumption. Furthermore, traditional hydrocyclone equipment is not an absolute filter; it can only remove solid impurities according to a certain proportion based on particle size and oil content, failing to completely filter solid particles smaller than a specific size. In addition, existing equipment has low automation, consumes a large amount of water during discharge, and cannot operate continuously during separation, resulting in significant head loss.

[0004] In view of this, we propose a dissolved gas-involved cyclone filtration separation device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dissolved gas-injected cyclone filtration and separation device, which solves the problems of existing cyclone separation technology, such as difficulty in simultaneously separating oil and solid impurities, inability to achieve absolute filtration, high water consumption during sewage discharge, and easy flow interruption.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A dissolved air induction cyclone filtration and separation device includes a housing, within which are sequentially arranged a coarse filter screen, a stator impeller, a cylindrical section, a conical section, a rectifier cone, an oil collection assembly, a straight section, a fine filter screen, a rotor impeller, and an impeller chamber. An inlet is located at the bottom of the cylindrical section. The device also includes a dissolved air induction component to increase the specific gravity range of target impurities in the water and assist in the lifting and separation of oil. The dissolved air induction component includes a miniature aeration head disposed inside the cylindrical section and connected to an external high-pressure air source.

[0007] Preferably, the coarse filter screen is located at the water inlet end of the equipment housing.

[0008] Preferably, the stator water turbine is positioned above the coarse filter screen.

[0009] Preferably, the conical section is positioned above the cylindrical section, and the rectifier cone is positioned inside the conical section.

[0010] Preferably, the oil collection assembly includes an oil collection shaft and an inverted conical oil collection cap assembly, wherein the oil collection shaft is disposed above the rectifier cone and the inverted conical oil collection cap assembly is disposed inside the straight section.

[0011] Preferably, the oil collecting shaft is connected to the sludge suction assembly, the sludge suction assembly is located below the rotor water wheel, and the water wheel chamber of the rotor water wheel is used to collect air bubbles and oil.

[0012] Preferably, the fine filter screen is disposed above the straight section, and a filtered clean water outlet is disposed on the outer side of the fine filter screen.

[0013] Preferably, a hydraulic piston is connected to the rotor water wheel, and a fixed suction nozzle is provided on the sludge suction assembly, the fixed suction nozzle being located beside the inner surface of the fine filter screen.

[0014] Preferably, there is a gap between the fixed suction nozzle and the surface of the fine filter screen.

[0015] Preferably, the vacuum cleaner assembly is connected to the water turbine chamber, and a drain valve is located on the upper side of the water turbine chamber.

[0016] By employing the above technical solution, the present invention provides a dissolved gas-interventional cyclone filtration and separation device. It possesses at least the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention uses a micro-aeration head 4 to mix high-pressure air with high-speed rotating water flow. The intervention of microbubbles increases the specific gravity range of different components in the target fluid. At the same time, the microbubbles encapsulate and adhere to oil and light suspended matter, so that oil, water, gas and dirt are fully mixed and accelerated by high-speed rotation in the cylindrical section. This achieves the simultaneous separation of multiphase substances such as oil and solid impurities in a single device, solving the problem that existing technologies cannot complete multiphase separation in one go, and greatly improving the processing efficiency.

[0017] 2. This invention adds absolute filtration to the existing cyclone separation by incorporating a fine filter and a suction device assembly. The fine filter effectively intercepts heavier particulate matter. Once a certain amount of contaminants is intercepted, a pressure difference triggers the opening of the drain valve. A hydraulic piston drives the rotor water wheel to rotate, causing the fixed suction nozzle to spirally scan and suck up contaminants from the surface of the fine filter. This achieves complete filtration and separation of solid impurities of a specific particle size, solving the problem of traditional cyclone equipment's inability to achieve absolute filtration.

[0018] 3. This invention utilizes an oil collecting shaft and an inverted conical oil collecting cap assembly. A large amount of air bubbles and oil are first collected into the oil collecting shaft. The escaped portion is continuously intercepted and captured by the inverted conical oil collecting cap assembly before being reintroduced into the oil collecting shaft, forming a multi-stage interception structure that effectively improves the thoroughness of oil separation. Simultaneously, the system maintains continuous water intake and output throughout the entire separation and discharge process, ensuring uninterrupted flow, minimal head loss, and water-saving discharge. Furthermore, it requires no external motor or reducer, relying solely on hydraulic drive, resulting in low energy consumption and stable operation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate the invention, constitute a part of this application: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Coarse filter screen; 2. Stator impeller; 3. Cylindrical section; 4. Miniature aeration head; 5. Conical section; 6. Rectifying cone; 7. Oil collection assembly; 71. Oil collection shaft; 72. Inverted conical oil collection cap assembly; 8. Straight section; 9. Sewage suction assembly; 10. Rotor impeller; 11. Impeller chamber; 12. Sewage valve; 13. Hydraulic piston; 14. Fixed suction nozzle; 15. Fine filter screen; 16. Inlet; 17. Outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] A dissolved gas-introduced cyclone filtration and separation device, such as Figure 1 - Figure 2As shown, the system includes a housing, a fine filter 15, and within the housing, a coarse filter 1, a stator impeller 2, a cylindrical section 3, a conical section 5, a rectifier cone 6, an oil collection assembly 7, a straight section 8, a fine filter 15, a rotor impeller 10, and an impeller chamber 11. A water inlet 16 is located at the bottom of the cylindrical section 3. It also includes a dissolved air inlet assembly to increase the specific gravity range of target impurities in the water and assist in the lifting and separation of oil. The coarse filter 1 is located at the water inlet end of the housing. Before entering the coarse filter 1, the raw water is treated by a pressure regulator in the inlet pipe to maintain a stable inlet flow rate, preventing fluctuations in water flow from affecting the subsequent cyclone separation effect. The coarse filter 1 uses a 3000-micron perforated stainless steel mesh, which effectively intercepts large, destructive particles in the raw water, preventing them from entering the equipment and causing blockage or wear to the stator impeller 2 and the micro-aeration head 4. It also prevents damage to the fine filter, effectively protecting the entire system. Simultaneously, an external high-pressure air source delivers high-pressure air to the micro-aeration heads 4 located within the cylindrical section 3. The high-pressure air mixes with the high-speed rotating water flow within the cylindrical section 3, forming numerous microbubbles. These microbubbles, based on the principle of wettability, encapsulate and adhere to hydrophobic oil and light suspended matter, increasing the specific gravity range of the target impurities. Within the cylindrical section 3, the high-speed rotation of the water flow generates strong turbulent shear forces, causing the microbubbles to collide and adhere extensively with the oil and suspended matter. Hydrophobic particles have a contact angle greater than 90 degrees with the bubbles, making them easily adhered to; hydrophilic particles have a contact angle less than 90 degrees, making them less likely to adhere and thus remaining suspended or settling. This microscopic selection mechanism ensures that oil and light impurities are preferentially captured, while heavy solid particles in the water continue to flow forward with the cleaned section.

[0023] The stator turbine 2 is positioned above the coarse filter screen 1. The conical section 5 is positioned above the cylindrical section 3, and the rectifier cone 6 is positioned inside the conical section 5. The oil collecting assembly 7 includes an oil collecting shaft 71 and an inverted conical oil collecting cap assembly 72. The oil collecting shaft 71 is positioned above the rectifier cone 6, and the inverted conical oil collecting cap assembly 72 is positioned inside the straight section 8.

[0024] The oil collecting shaft 71 is connected to the suction assembly 9, which is located below the rotor impeller 10. The impeller chamber 11 of the rotor impeller 10 is used to collect air bubbles and oil. Oil, water, gas, and contaminants are thoroughly mixed and accelerated at high speed within the cylindrical section 3 before entering the conical section 5. Under centrifugal force, the lighter oil and impurities with adhering microbubbles migrate radially towards the center and proceed parallel to the area around the rectifying cone 6, forming a stable oil column. The inner wall cone angle of the conical section 5 is designed to be 15-25 degrees, causing the tangential velocity of the fluid to gradually increase during axial movement, with centrifugal acceleration reaching 500-1000 times the acceleration due to gravity. This strong centrifugal field causes the oil, water, and solid phases to rapidly stratify: the densest solid particles are thrown towards the outer edge of the conical section 5 wall, the medium-density water concentrates in the middle layer, and the least dense oil and microbubbles gather near the central axis. The oil slick rotates around the oil collecting shaft 71 of the oil collecting assembly 7, collecting a large number of bubbles and oil slicks into the oil collecting shaft 71. Some of the escaped bubbles and oil slicks continue upward into the straight section 8, where they are intercepted and captured by the inverted conical oil collecting cap assembly 72, and then introduced into the oil collecting shaft 71 through the interlayer. The inverted conical oil collecting cap assembly 72 adopts a multi-layered inverted conical structure, forming narrow annular flow channels between adjacent cones. When the fluid passes through these channels, the flow velocity decreases and the turbulence weakens. The remaining microbubbles and oil droplets converge towards the cone apex under the combined action of buoyancy and inertia, are captured stage by stage, and guided to the oil collecting shaft 71, forming a multi-stage series interception effect, which greatly improves the oil slick recovery rate. The collected oil slicks and bubbles then enter the suction assembly 9 connected to the oil collecting shaft 71, and finally converge in the water turbine chamber 11 of the rotor water turbine 10, waiting to be discharged.

[0025] A fine filter screen 15 is located behind the straight section 8, and a clean water outlet (17) is located beside the outer side of the fine filter screen 15. A hydraulic piston 13 is connected to the rotor impeller 10, and a fixed suction nozzle 14 is provided on the suction assembly 9, located beside the inner surface of the fine filter screen 15. There is a gap between the fixed suction nozzle 14 and the surface of the fine filter screen 15. The suction assembly 9 is connected to the impeller chamber 11. In the dissolved air-injected water, heavier particulate matter is thrown towards the pipe wall of the conical section 5 by centrifugal force, forming a dirt belt along the pipe wall and moving upward, reaching the fine filter screen 15 after passing through the straight section 8. The fine filter screen 15 adopts a warp and weft woven structure, and the filtration accuracy can be selected from 25-1000 microns according to the treatment requirements. The surface of the fine filter screen is specially treated, with good porosity, flatness and anti-clogging performance. The contaminant layer forms a dynamic filter cake layer inside the fine filter screen. This filter cake layer not only assists in filtering finer particles but also generates a pressure difference signal between the inside and outside of the fine filter screen. This signal is promptly removed during subsequent suction operations to maintain a stable filtration flow. The fine filter screen 15 completely intercepts particulate matter. When the amount of contaminant intercepted by the filter screen increases, and the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter screen reaches a set value signal, the drain valve 12 opens, connecting to external low pressure. The pressure difference set value is typically 0.03-0.07 MPa, automatically monitored and triggered by the pressure difference controller. The drain valve 12 uses a built-in mechanical opening and closing valve with an opening time of less than 0.5 seconds, ensuring rapid drainage response and preventing continuous pressure difference increases that could damage the filter screen or reduce filtration efficiency. At this time, the hydraulic piston 13 begins to move up and down, driving the rotor water wheel 10 to move up and down. Simultaneously, the rotor water wheel begins to rotate due to directional force, driving the suction assembly 9 and its fixed suction nozzle 14 to rotate and move up and down synchronously. The reciprocating motion of the hydraulic piston 13 is matched with the rotational speed and axial up-and-down movement of the rotor water wheel 10, causing the fixed suction nozzle 14 to form a composite spiral trajectory of circumferential rotation and axial movement on the surface of the fine filter screen 15. This achieves full-coverage scanning suction of the entire filter screen surface, eliminating any cleaning dead spots. The fixed suction nozzle 14 generates negative pressure at a certain distance from the surface of the fine filter screen 15, sucking up the intercepted particles in a spiral scanning manner. These particles are then discharged through the suction assembly 9 into the water wheel chamber 11, where they are discharged outside the device along with oil and microbubbles.

[0026] The entire sewage discharge process requires no interruption of water intake, and the system operates continuously. Each sewage discharge lasts approximately 7-14 seconds, and the water consumption is only 0.5%-1% of the treated water volume, far lower than the water consumption rate of traditional backwash filters. After sewage discharge, the pressure differential returns to normal, the sewage discharge valve 12 closes, the hydraulic piston 13 stops moving, and the equipment enters the stable filtration stage of the next cycle.

[0027] Furthermore, the rotational power of the rotor turbine 10 originates entirely from the kinetic energy of the water flow and the axial up-and-down drive of the hydraulic piston 13, eliminating the need for an external motor or reducer and achieving self-driven hydraulic operation. This design significantly reduces equipment energy consumption while avoiding the limitations of electrical equipment in humid or explosion-proof environments, thus improving the equipment's applicability and operational safety.

[0028] In the dissolved air immersion cyclone filtration and separation device of the present invention, raw water containing oil, flocculants, and solid particulate impurities first undergoes primary filtration through a coarse filter 1 at the water inlet end of the device housing to intercept large particulate impurities. The filtered water then enters the stator impeller 2, which begins to rotate at high speed under the structural action of the stator impeller 2.

[0029] Meanwhile, an external high-pressure air source delivers high-pressure air to the miniature aeration head 4 located inside the cylindrical section 3. The high-pressure air mixes with the high-speed rotating water flow inside the cylindrical section 3, forming a large number of microbubbles. Based on the principle of wettability, these microbubbles encapsulate and adhere to hydrophobic oil stains and light suspended matter, increasing the specific gravity range of the target impurities.

[0030] Oil, water, gas, and contaminants are thoroughly mixed and accelerated by high-speed rotation within the cylindrical section 3 before entering the conical section 5. Under centrifugal force, the lighter oil and impurities with adhering microbubbles migrate radially towards the center and proceed parallel to the area around the rectifying cone 6, forming a stable oil column. This oil column rotates around the oil collecting shaft 71 of the oil collecting assembly 7, collecting a large amount of bubbles and oil. Some of the escaped bubbles and oil continue upward into the straight section 8, where they are intercepted and captured by the inverted conical oil collecting cap assembly 72 and introduced into the oil collecting shaft 71 through the interlayer. The collected oil and bubbles then enter the suction assembly 9, which is connected to the oil collecting shaft 71, and finally converge in the water turbine chamber 11 of the rotor water turbine 10, awaiting discharge.

[0031] Heavier particulate matter in water with dissolved air is thrown against the wall of the conical section 5 by centrifugal force, forming a contaminant ring along the wall and moving upwards. After passing through the straight section 8, it reaches the fine filter screen 15. The fine filter screen 15 completely intercepts the particulate matter. When the amount of contaminant intercepted by the filter screen increases and the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter screen reaches a set value, the drain valve 12 opens, connecting to the external low pressure. At this time, the hydraulic piston 13 begins to move up and down, driving the rotor water wheel 10 to rotate. The rotor water wheel 10 drives the suction assembly 9 and its fixed suction nozzle 14 to rotate synchronously. The fixed suction nozzle 14 generates negative pressure at a certain distance from the surface of the fine filter screen 15, sucking up the intercepted particulate matter in a spiral scanning manner. The particulate matter is then discharged through the suction assembly 9 into the water wheel chamber 11, where it is discharged outside the device along with oil and microbubbles.

[0032] At this point, the device has completed one working cycle, and throughout the entire separation and sewage discharge process, the system maintains continuous water intake and output, with a constant flow.

[0033] At the same time, according to Figure 2 As shown, when bubbles and dispersed phase particles coexist in water, they form different wettabilities based on the particles. Figure 2 This involves a three-phase mixture of gas, liquid, and particles, and the adhesion of different bubbles to these particles. The boundary line formed by the phase adsorption interface is called the wetting perimeter. The angle between the liquid-particle interfacial tension line drawn through the wetting perimeter and the liquid-gas interfacial tension line is called the wetting contact angle A. The equilibrium of the three-phase interfacial tensions determines the position of the wetting perimeter and also the size of the wetting contact angle A. Particles with different surface properties existing in water have different wetting contact angles A. Generally, surfaces with A > 90 degrees are called hydrophobic surfaces, which are easily adhered to by bubbles, while surfaces with A < 90 degrees are called hydrophilic surfaces, which are not easily adhered to by bubbles.

[0034] Under microscopic conditions, the aforementioned types of bubble lifting of particles and hydrophobic oil particles can be summarized into three cases: contact, adhesion, and encapsulation. When the swirling centrifugal action begins, the impurities adsorbed by the tiny gas particles create a large specific gravity band for the water, making them easily adhered to and lifted by the bubbles. Under the swirling action, they are compressed and traveled to the center of the equipment, forming an oil column, which is collected by the oil collection assembly 7 and discharged to the rotor turbine chamber.

[0035] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0036] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dissolved gas immersion cyclone filtration and separation device for the one-time separation of oil, water, gas, and solid impurities, and for the absolute filtration of impurities of a specific particle size, characterized in that: The equipment includes a housing, which contains, in sequence, a coarse filter (1), a stator water turbine (2), a cylindrical section (3), a conical section (5), a rectifier cone (6), an oil collection assembly (7), a straight section (8), a fine filter (15), a rotor water turbine (10), and a water turbine chamber (11). The bottom of the cylindrical section (3) is provided with a water inlet (16). It also includes dissolved air intervention components, which are used to increase the specific gravity range of target impurities in water and assist in the lifting and separation of oil sludge; The dissolved gas intervention component includes a miniature gas-exploding head (4), which is located inside the cylindrical section (3) and is connected to an external high-pressure gas source.

2. The dissolved gas-intervention cyclone filtration and separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coarse filter (1) is located at the water inlet end of the equipment housing.

3. The dissolved gas-intervention cyclone filtration and separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator turbine (2) is positioned above the coarse filter screen (1).

4. The dissolved gas-intervention cyclone filtration and separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical section (5) is positioned above the cylindrical section (3), and the rectifier cone (6) is positioned inside the conical section (5).

5. The dissolved gas-intervention cyclone filtration and separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil collection assembly (7) includes an oil collection shaft (71) and an inverted conical oil collection cap assembly (72). The oil collection shaft (71) is located above the rectifier cone (6), and the inverted conical oil collection cap assembly (72) is located inside the straight section (8).

6. The dissolved gas-intervention cyclone filtration and separation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The oil collecting shaft (71) is connected to the sludge suction assembly (9), which is located in front of the rotor water wheel (10). The water wheel chamber (11) of the rotor water wheel (10) is used to collect air bubbles and oil.

7. The dissolved gas-intervention cyclone filtration and separation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fine filter (15) is located above the straight section (8), and the outlet (17) of the filtered clean water is located on the outer side of the fine filter (15).

8. The dissolved gas-intervention cyclone filtration and separation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A hydraulic piston (13) is connected to the rotor water wheel (10), and a fixed suction nozzle (14) is provided on the sludge suction assembly (9). The fixed suction nozzle (14) is located on the side of the inner surface of the fine filter screen (15), and there is a certain gap between the end of the fixed suction nozzle and the inner surface of the fine filter screen.

9. The dissolved gas-intervention cyclone filtration and separation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: There is a gap between the fixed suction nozzle (14) and the surface of the fine filter (15).

10. A dissolved gas-intervention cyclone filtration and separation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vacuum cleaner assembly (9) is connected to the water turbine chamber (11). A drain valve (12) is provided at the upper end of the water turbine chamber (11) and is located on the side.

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