A motion glenohumeral joint muscle interaction teaching demonstration system and a working method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a motion glenohumeral joint muscle interactive teaching demonstration system and a working method thereof, and relates to the technical field of medical teaching. The system comprises a user interaction layer, a central control and communication layer and a physical execution layer. The user interaction layer is used for displaying a three-dimensional digital model of glenohumeral joint bone and muscle structure, and receiving user interactive operation on target muscle and motion type, so as to generate glenohumeral joint motion control instructions; the central control and communication layer receives the motion control instructions, performs operation based on a glenohumeral joint motion model, and generates corresponding driving control signals; the physical execution layer drives the glenohumeral joint and glenohumeral joint muscle group entity model to produce corresponding joint motion under the action of the driving control signals, and feeds back the motion state to the central control and communication layer through a position feedback component. The application realizes synchronous linkage display of the three-dimensional digital model and the entity model, and improves the intuitiveness and interactivity of glenohumeral joint motion mechanism teaching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical education technology, specifically relating to an interactive teaching demonstration system for glenohumeral joint muscles that combines three-dimensional digital modeling, electromechanical drive control, wireless communication and interactive software systems to realize the visualization and interactive teaching demonstration of the movement mechanism of the glenohumeral joint and its related muscles, as well as its working method. Background Technology

[0002] The glenohumeral joint muscles generally refer to a group of muscles involved in shoulder joint stability and movement control. The core is the rotator cuff muscles, which work in conjunction with multiple superficial and deep muscles to achieve a wide range of motion, high degree of freedom, but relatively unstable movement of the upper limb. The glenohumeral joint muscles provide dynamic central stability to the humeral head through the rotator cuff muscles. With the cooperation of the scapular stabilizer muscles, the deltoid and other dynamists can safely and efficiently generate large-amplitude upper limb movements, thus achieving a balance between high mobility and joint stability. Due to the multi-degree-of-freedom, nonlinear, and spatially coupled characteristics of glenohumeral joint movement, its movement mechanism has long been a challenging topic in anatomy, kinesiology, and rehabilitation medicine teaching.

[0003] Current teaching methods for the glenohumeral joint mainly include textbook illustrations, two-dimensional multimedia courseware, three-dimensional virtual simulation software, and static physical anatomical models. Among these, textbooks and two-dimensional courseware are limited by their planar representation and cannot intuitively demonstrate the dynamic relationship between muscle contraction and joint movement. While pure software-based three-dimensional virtual models can display the glenohumeral joint movement process on the screen, they lack a realistic sense of spatial scale and physical feedback, and students' understanding of muscle pull direction, force line relationship, and range of motion remains relatively abstract. Traditional physical anatomical models are mostly fixed structures, used only to display the shape of bones or muscles, and cannot realistically simulate the joint movement process caused by muscle contraction, resulting in insufficient interactivity and intuitive teaching.

[0004] In addition, some existing mechanical teaching models can only demonstrate joint movements with a single or few degrees of freedom, making it difficult to accurately reflect complex movement patterns driven by multiple muscles. Furthermore, they lack a linkage mechanism with digital teaching resources, making it difficult to meet the needs of modern medical education for immersive and interactive teaching methods.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a method that can organically integrate the anatomical structure and motor function of the glenohumeral joint muscles with the actual joint movement process, so as to improve the intuitiveness, accuracy and interactivity of teaching the glenohumeral joint movement mechanism, has become one of the technical problems that urgently need to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention aims to solve the problems of abstract teaching methods, insufficient interactivity, and difficulty in intuitively reflecting the synergistic effects of glenohumeral joint muscles and their relationship with joint movement in current glenohumeral joint teaching processes. The purpose of this invention is to provide an interactive teaching demonstration system for glenohumeral joint muscles and its operating method. By linking a digital three-dimensional glenohumeral joint model with a movable physical glenohumeral joint model, users can intuitively observe the glenohumeral joint movement process triggered by the contraction of different glenohumeral joint muscles through interactive operation. This achieves a synchronous display of the relationship between the anatomical structure, movement mechanism, and actual joint movement of the glenohumeral joint muscles, improving the intuitiveness, accuracy, and immersiveness of glenohumeral joint-related teaching.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an interactive teaching demonstration system for glenohumeral joint muscles, comprising a user interaction layer, a central control and communication layer, and a physical execution layer. The user interaction layer is used to provide a human-computer interaction interface to the user and generate glenohumeral joint motion control commands. The user interaction layer includes: Applications running on interactive terminals; A three-dimensional digital model used to display the skeletal and muscular structure of the glenohumeral joint; An interactive interface for selecting muscles, choosing exercise types, and setting exercise parameters; Used to send the motion control commands to the communication module of the central control and communication layer via the wireless module; The central control and communication layer is used to receive and parse motion control commands from the user interaction layer, and convert the motion control commands into specific drive control signals. The central control and communication layer includes: Microcontroller unit; The wireless communication module is used for data communication with the user interaction layer. The kinematics calculation module is used to convert the motion control command into target motion parameters of the multi-drive unit based on the glenohumeral joint motion model. The drive control module is used to output drive signals; The feedback processing module is used to receive and process the status feedback information from the physical execution layer.

[0008] The physical execution layer is used to perform actual motion demonstrations of the glenohumeral joint and its related muscles. The physical execution layer includes: Physical model of the glenohumeral joint and its muscle groups; Multiple drive units are used to simulate the contraction of different muscles; A mechanical transmission structure is used to convert the motion of the drive unit into the joint motion of the skeletal model; The position feedback component is used to collect the motion state of the glenohumeral joint and feed it back to the central control and communication layer; The three-dimensional digital model of the user interaction layer and the physical model of the physical execution layer correspond to each other in terms of structure and motion logic. When the user selects a specific muscle and triggers the corresponding movement in the user interaction layer, the central control and communication layer drives the physical execution layer to synchronously generate the corresponding glenohumeral joint movement, realizing the real-time linkage display of the digital model and the physical model.

[0009] According to another embodiment of the invention or any of the foregoing embodiments, the teaching demonstration model wherein the user interaction layer runs on a smart tablet device and is controlled by touch; the user interface includes functional modules such as "identifying muscles that move the glenohumeral joint", "muscle course and function", and "demonstration and analysis of muscle function", and each of the three modules includes a three-dimensional model illustration area, and the three-dimensional model illustration in the three-dimensional model illustration area can be moved, enlarged, reduced, rotated, reset and manipulated.

[0010] According to another embodiment of the invention or any of the foregoing embodiments, the teaching demonstration model, wherein the "muscles that identify the glenohumeral joint" module includes back muscles, upper thoracic muscles, upper limb girdle muscles, and arm muscle classifications; the back muscle classification includes a latissimus dorsi button; the upper thoracic muscles include a pectoralis major button; the upper limb girdle muscles include deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, teres major, and subscapularis buttons; and the arm muscle classification includes biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and coracobrachialis buttons. Clicking a button highlights the corresponding three-dimensional digital model muscle in the three-dimensional model illustration area. The "Muscle Course and Function" module includes muscle buttons for identifying the muscles that move the glenohumeral joint. Clicking these buttons displays the muscle's course and structure in the 3D model illustration area, and also displays the muscle's origin, insertion, and function through text. The "Muscle Function Demonstration and Analysis" module includes buttons for each muscle that identifies the muscles involved in glenohumeral joint movement. Clicking these buttons reveals action buttons. Clicking an action button causes the 3D model in the 3D model illustration area to perform the corresponding action, while the glenohumeral joint and its muscle group physical models in the physical execution layer move synchronously. The operator can simultaneously observe the movement demonstrations of both the 3D digital model and the physical model. Taking the pectoralis major muscle as an example, action buttons include "flexion," "adduction," and "internal rotation."

[0011] According to another embodiment of the invention or any of the foregoing embodiments, the teaching demonstration model wherein the wireless module is a Wi-Fi or Bluetooth Low Energy protocol.

[0012] According to another embodiment of the invention or any of the foregoing embodiments, the teaching demonstration model wherein the driving unit is a servo motor or a stepper motor, serving as the power source for muscle contraction; the mechanical transmission structure includes a transmission link, pulley, wire rope or gear.

[0013] According to another embodiment of the invention or any of the foregoing embodiments, the glenohumeral joint and glenohumeral joint muscle group physical model is 3D printed from different materials, and the ligaments and joint capsules are made of flexible materials and are installed on the glenohumeral joint and glenohumeral joint muscle group physical model.

[0014] According to another embodiment of the invention or any of the foregoing embodiments of the teaching demonstration model, the position feedback component is an encoder, installed at the joint pivot, used to measure the real-time motion angle of the joint and transmit the signal to the microcontroller unit.

[0015] Accordingly, a working method for an interactive teaching demonstration system for glenohumeral joint muscles is disclosed, comprising the following steps: 1) Run the application of the interactive terminal in the user interaction layer, display the three-dimensional digital model of the glenohumeral joint and glenohumeral joint muscles in the user interface, and adjust the size and position of the three-dimensional digital model. 2) In the user interaction layer, perform touch operations, click the "Identify muscles that move the glenohumeral joint" module, click each muscle button, and the human muscle group will be displayed in the 3D model illustration area, and the selected muscle will be highlighted; In the user interaction layer, perform touch operations, click the "Way and function of muscles" module, click each muscle button, and the human skeleton will be displayed in the 3D model illustration area, and the selected muscle will be displayed. 3) Perform touch operations in the user interaction layer. Click the "Muscle Function Demonstration and Analysis" module, click each muscle button, and then selectable action buttons will appear. Click each action button to display the human skeleton and the selected muscle action in the 3D model illustration area. The skeleton drives the muscle action and displays each muscle action. 4) Generate corresponding glenohumeral joint motion control commands in the user interaction layer, and send the glenohumeral joint motion control commands to the central control and communication layer via wireless communication; receive and parse the glenohumeral joint motion control commands in the central control and communication layer, and perform kinematic operations on the glenohumeral joint motion control commands based on the preset glenohumeral joint motion model to generate target motion parameters for multiple drive units. 5) Based on the target motion parameters, the central control and communication layer outputs corresponding drive control signals to drive the actions of multiple drive units in the physical execution layer; 6) In the physical execution layer, the mechanical transmission structure is driven to move by the drive unit, and the movement of the drive unit is converted into the joint movement of the glenohumeral joint and the glenohumeral joint muscle group physical model, thereby simulating the contraction of the target glenohumeral joint muscles and driving the corresponding glenohumeral joint movement. 7) The real-time motion state of the glenohumeral joint is collected by a position feedback component set on the glenohumeral joint and glenohumeral joint muscle group physical model, and the motion state is fed back to the central control and communication layer. 8) In the central control and communication layer, the drive control signal is adjusted according to the motion state so that the motion result of the physical model is synchronized with the three-dimensional digital model in the user interaction layer, thereby realizing an interactive teaching demonstration of the glenohumeral joint muscle action and glenohumeral joint movement.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention, by linking digital 3D models with physical models, can intuitively present the correspondence between glenohumeral joint muscle contraction and joint movement, significantly reducing the difficulty of understanding the glenohumeral joint movement mechanism. Users can freely select different muscles or movement modes through the interactive interface to achieve dynamic demonstrations of various glenohumeral joint movements, breaking through the limitations of traditional static models or one-way demonstration methods. It can be used for basic anatomy teaching as well as for kinesiology, rehabilitation medicine, and clinical teaching demonstrations, possessing good versatility and scalability. The synchronous feedback between the digital and physical models allows learners to simultaneously obtain visual and spatial cognitive information, improving learning efficiency and teaching effectiveness. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the architecture of the interactive teaching demonstration system for the glenohumeral joint muscles described in the invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the user interface of the interactive teaching demonstration system for the glenohumeral joint muscles described in the invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the user interface of the interactive teaching demonstration system for the glenohumeral joint muscles described in the invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the user interface for the working method of the interactive teaching demonstration system for the glenohumeral joint muscles described in the invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the steps of the working method of the interactive teaching demonstration system for the glenohumeral joint muscles described in the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1As shown, an interactive teaching demonstration system for glenohumeral joint muscles is provided. This system is used to synchronously display the anatomical structure and movement mechanism of the glenohumeral joint muscles with the actual joint movement process, so as to improve the intuitiveness and interactivity of teaching.

[0020] As shown in this embodiment, the teaching demonstration system consists of a user interaction layer, a central control and communication layer, and a physical execution layer. The layers interact and collaborate with each other through wireless communication.

[0021] The user interaction layer runs on an interactive terminal, such as a smart tablet device. It provides a human-computer interface to the user through an application, displaying digital teaching content related to the glenohumeral joint and receiving user commands.

[0022] The application contains a three-dimensional digital model of the glenohumeral joint and its muscles. This three-dimensional digital model can be moved, zoomed in, zoomed out, rotated, and reset within the interface to allow for observation of the anatomical structure of the glenohumeral joint from different angles.

[0023] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figure 4, the user interaction layer runs on a smart tablet device and is controlled via touch. The user interface includes multiple function option areas, including modules for "Identifying Muscles Moving the Glenohumeral Joint," "Muscle Course and Function," and "Muscle Function Demonstration and Analysis." Each module includes a 3D model illustration area, where the 3D model illustrations can be moved, zoomed in, zoomed out, rotated, reset, and manipulated. The "Identifying Muscles Moving the Glenohumeral Joint" module includes categories for back muscles, upper thoracic muscles, upper limb girdle muscles, and arm muscles. The back muscle category includes a button for the latissimus dorsi; the upper thoracic muscles include a button for the pectoralis major; the upper limb girdle muscles include buttons for the deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, teres major, and subscapularis; and the arm muscle category includes buttons for the biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and coracobrachialis. Clicking these buttons highlights the corresponding 3D digital model of the muscle in the 3D model illustration area. The "Muscle Course and Function" module includes buttons for each muscle in the "Identifying Muscles Moving the Glenohumeral Joint" option. Clicking these buttons displays the muscle's course and structure in the 3D model illustration area, along with text indicating the muscle's origin, insertion, and function. The "Muscle Function Demonstration and Analysis" module includes buttons for each muscle that identifies the muscles involved in glenohumeral joint movement. Clicking these buttons reveals action buttons. Clicking an action button causes the 3D model in the 3D model illustration area to perform the corresponding action, while the glenohumeral joint and its muscle group physical models in the physical execution layer move synchronously. The operator can simultaneously observe the movement demonstrations of both the 3D digital model and the physical model. Taking the pectoralis major muscle as an example, the action buttons include "flexion," "adduction," and "internal rotation." like Figure 4As shown, when the user selects the "Muscle Function Demonstration and Analysis" module, the user interface displays a 3D animation of the selected muscle's movement in the 3D model illustration area. Clicking on each muscle button displays the muscle's stretching and contraction movements as the skeleton moves the muscle in the 3D model illustration area. The user interaction layer generates corresponding glenohumeral joint motion control commands and sends them to the central control and communication layer via the wireless communication module. In this embodiment, the wireless communication method can employ Wi-Fi or Bluetooth Low Energy protocols.

[0024] The central control and communication layer, as the control core of the system, is used to receive motion control commands from the user interaction layer and convert them into control signals that can drive the physical execution layer.

[0025] The central control and communication layer includes a microcontroller unit, a wireless communication module, a kinematics calculation module, a drive control module, and a feedback processing module. The wireless communication module is used to establish a data connection with the user interaction layer and receive glenohumeral joint motion control commands sent by the user interaction layer.

[0026] The kinematics calculation module, based on a pre-established glenohumeral joint motion model, processes the received glenohumeral joint motion control commands, converting high-level motion commands into target motion parameters for multiple drive units. The drive control module generates corresponding drive signals based on these target motion parameters to control the actions of the drive units in the physical execution layer.

[0027] The feedback processing module is used to receive position feedback information from the physical execution layer and process the feedback information in order to make necessary adjustments to the drive signal.

[0028] The physical execution layer is used to complete the actual motion demonstration of the glenohumeral joint and glenohumeral joint muscle group. It includes a physical model of the glenohumeral joint and glenohumeral joint muscle group, multiple drive units, mechanical transmission structures, and position feedback components.

[0029] The glenohumeral joint and glenohumeral joint muscle group physical models were made using 3D printing methods with different materials. The skeletal structure was printed using a material with a certain strength, while the ligaments and joint capsules were made of flexible materials and installed in the corresponding positions to enhance the realism of the joint structure.

[0030] Multiple drive units serve as the power source for simulating muscle contraction; in this embodiment, servo motors or stepper motors can be used. The drive units are connected to the glenohumeral joint and the glenohumeral joint muscle group physical model via a mechanical transmission structure. This mechanical transmission structure can take the form of a linkage, pulley, wire rope, or gear, and is used to convert the motion of the drive units into the joint motion of the skeletal model, thereby simulating the traction effect of different muscle contractions on the glenohumeral joint.

[0031] The position feedback component is installed at the joint pivot of the glenohumeral joint. In this embodiment, an encoder can be used to collect the motion angle of the glenohumeral joint in real time and transmit the collected motion state signal to the microcontroller unit of the central control and communication layer.

[0032] The 3D digital model in the user interaction layer corresponds to the physical model in the physical execution layer in terms of anatomical structure and motion logic. When a user selects a specific glenohumeral joint muscle in the user interaction layer and triggers the corresponding movement, the central control and communication layer generates a drive signal based on the user's operation, which drives the physical model in the physical execution layer to synchronously produce the corresponding glenohumeral joint movement, thereby realizing the real-time linkage display between the digital model and the physical model.

[0033] The list of core components is shown in the table below: Table 1. List of Core Components

[0034] like Figure 5 As shown, a working method based on the above-mentioned interactive teaching demonstration system for glenohumeral joint muscles is disclosed. The method mainly includes the following steps: First, the application of the interactive terminal is run in the user interaction layer to load the three-dimensional digital model of the glenohumeral joint and its muscles, and the three-dimensional digital model is displayed in the user interface; each muscle can be highlighted by clicking on it for easy identification.

[0035] Subsequently, users interact with the user interface layer via touch to select the target glenohumeral joint muscle and the type of movement. After the settings are completed, the user interaction layer generates the corresponding glenohumeral joint motion control command and sends the glenohumeral joint motion control command to the central control and communication layer via wireless communication. The central control and communication layer receives and parses the glenohumeral joint motion control command, and performs kinematic operations on the motion control command based on the preset glenohumeral joint motion model to generate target motion parameters for multiple drive units. Based on the target motion parameters, the central control and communication layer outputs corresponding drive control signals to drive the drive unit in the physical execution layer to perform actions. In the physical execution layer, each drive unit drives the glenohumeral joint and glenohumeral joint muscle group physical model to move through the mechanical transmission structure, thereby simulating the contraction of the target glenohumeral joint muscles and generating the corresponding glenohumeral joint movement. Meanwhile, the position feedback component collects the real-time motion state of the glenohumeral joint and feeds the motion state back to the central control and communication layer; The central control and communication layer adjusts the drive control signal according to the feedback motion state, so that the motion result of the physical model is synchronized with the three-dimensional digital model in the user interaction layer, thereby completing the interactive teaching demonstration of glenohumeral joint muscle action and glenohumeral joint movement.

[0036] Working principle of the invention: This invention utilizes the collaborative work of a digital 3D glenohumeral joint model, a central control and communication unit, and a movable physical glenohumeral joint model to provide a real-time, interconnected display of the anatomical structure and movement mechanism of the glenohumeral joint muscles with the actual joint movement process, thereby achieving an intuitive and interactive teaching demonstration effect. During system operation, the user interaction layer serves as the human-computer interaction entry point. A 3D digital model containing the glenohumeral joint skeleton and multiple related muscles is loaded into the application on the interactive terminal. This 3D digital model maintains structural consistency with the physical model and can be controlled via touch to rotate, zoom, translate, and reset. During the teaching process, users can select specific glenohumeral joint muscles through the interactive interface and further select the associated movement type and parameters. The user's actions are parsed in real-time and converted into glenohumeral joint movement control commands.

[0037] Motion control commands are transmitted wirelessly to the central control and communication layer, where they are received and parsed by the microcontroller unit. Subsequently, the kinematics calculation module, based on a pre-established glenohumeral joint motion model, processes the received high-level motion commands, transforming abstract anatomical motion requirements into executable multi-drive unit target motion parameters, thereby achieving coordinated control of multi-degree-of-freedom motion of the glenohumeral joint. The drive control module generates corresponding drive control signals based on the target motion parameters and outputs these signals to multiple drive units in the physical execution layer. These drive units, acting as power sources simulating muscle contraction, generate corresponding motions under the influence of the drive control signals. Through a mechanical transmission structure, the motion of the drive units is converted into joint rotation or displacement motions of the glenohumeral joint and its muscle groups in the physical model, thus simulating the joint motion processes caused by different glenohumeral joint muscle contractions in the physical model. During the movement of the physical model, a position feedback component set at the joint axis collects the real-time movement status of the glenohumeral joint and feeds back the collected movement status information to the central control and communication layer. The central control and communication layer dynamically adjusts the drive control signal based on the feedback information to ensure that the actual movement result of the physical model is consistent with the movement demonstration of the 3D digital model in the user interaction layer.

[0038] Through the closed-loop linkage mechanism between the digital model, control system and physical model, users can simultaneously observe the actual motion state in the physical glenohumeral joint model while operating the three-dimensional digital model. This allows them to intuitively understand the relationship between the direction of glenohumeral joint muscle contraction, force line action, and the synergistic movement of multiple muscle groups and the overall movement of the glenohumeral joint. Ultimately, this achieves an interactive and visual teaching demonstration of the glenohumeral joint muscle and joint movement mechanism.

[0039] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and characteristics of the present invention, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand and implement the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An interactive teaching demonstration system for the glenohumeral joint muscles, characterized in that: It includes a user interaction layer, a central control and communication layer, and a physical execution layer. The user interaction layer is used to provide a human-computer interaction interface to the user and generate glenohumeral joint motion control commands. The user interaction layer includes: Applications running on interactive terminals; A three-dimensional digital model used to display the skeletal and muscular structure of the glenohumeral joint; An interactive interface for selecting muscles, choosing exercise types, and setting exercise parameters; Used to send the motion control commands to the communication module of the central control and communication layer via the wireless module; The central control and communication layer is used to receive and parse motion control commands from the user interaction layer, and convert the motion control commands into specific drive control signals. The central control and communication layer includes: Microcontroller unit; The wireless communication module is used for data communication with the user interaction layer. The kinematics calculation module is used to convert the motion control command into target motion parameters of the multi-drive unit based on the glenohumeral joint motion model. The drive control module is used to output drive signals; The feedback processing module is used to receive and process the status feedback information from the physical execution layer.

2. The physical execution layer is used to perform actual motion demonstrations of the glenohumeral joint and its related muscles, and the physical execution layer includes: Physical model of the glenohumeral joint and its muscle groups; Multiple drive units are used to simulate the contraction of different muscles; A mechanical transmission structure is used to convert the motion of the drive unit into the joint motion of the skeletal model; The position feedback component is used to collect the motion state of the glenohumeral joint and feed it back to the central control and communication layer; The three-dimensional digital model of the user interaction layer and the physical model of the physical execution layer correspond to each other in terms of structure and motion logic. When the user selects a specific muscle and triggers the corresponding movement in the user interaction layer, the central control and communication layer drives the physical execution layer to synchronously generate the corresponding glenohumeral joint movement, realizing the real-time linkage display of the digital model and the physical model.

3. The interactive teaching demonstration system for the glenohumeral joint muscles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The user interaction layer runs on a smart tablet device and is controlled by touch. The user interface includes functional modules such as "Identifying the muscles that move the glenohumeral joint", "The course and function of the muscles", and "Demonstration and analysis of the function of the muscles". All three modules include a three-dimensional model illustration area, and the three-dimensional model illustrations in the three-dimensional model illustration area can be moved, enlarged, reduced, rotated, reset, and manipulated.

4. The interactive teaching demonstration system for the glenohumeral joint muscles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The "Identify Muscles that Move the Glenohumeral Joint" module includes categories for back muscles, upper thoracic muscles, upper limb girdle muscles, and arm muscles; the back muscle category includes a latissimus dorsi button; the upper thoracic muscles category includes a pectoralis major button; and the upper limb girdle muscles category includes buttons for deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, teres major, and subscapularis. The arm muscle classification includes biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and coracobrachialis. Clicking the button will highlight the corresponding 3D digital model of the muscle in the 3D model illustration area. The "Muscle Course and Function" module includes buttons for each muscle that identifies the muscles that move the glenohumeral joint. Clicking these buttons displays the muscle's course and structure in the 3D model illustration area, and also shows the muscle's origin, insertion, and function through text. The "Muscle Function Demonstration and Analysis" module includes buttons for each muscle that identifies the muscle options for the glenohumeral joint. Clicking these buttons will bring up an action button. Clicking the action button will cause the 3D model in the 3D model illustration area to perform the corresponding action. The glenohumeral joint and glenohumeral joint muscle group physical models in the physical execution layer will move synchronously. The operator can observe the movement display of the 3D digital model and the physical model at the same time.

5. The interactive teaching demonstration system for the glenohumeral joint muscles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless module uses Wi-Fi or Bluetooth Low Energy protocols.

6. The interactive teaching demonstration system for the glenohumeral joint muscles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive unit is a servo motor or a stepper motor, which serves as the power source for muscle contraction; the mechanical transmission structure includes a transmission link, pulley, wire rope, or gear.

7. The interactive teaching demonstration system for the glenohumeral joint muscles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glenohumeral joint and glenohumeral joint muscle group physical models are 3D printed using different materials, while the ligaments and joint capsules are made of flexible materials and are installed on the glenohumeral joint and glenohumeral joint muscle group physical models.

8. The interactive teaching demonstration system for the glenohumeral joint muscles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position feedback component is an encoder, installed at the joint shaft, used to measure the real-time motion angle of the joint and transmit the signal to the microcontroller unit.

9. The working method of the interactive teaching demonstration system for glenohumeral joint muscles according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Run the application of the interactive terminal in the user interaction layer, display the three-dimensional digital model of the glenohumeral joint and glenohumeral joint muscles in the user interface, and adjust the size and position of the three-dimensional digital model. S2. Perform touch operations in the user interaction layer, click the "Identify muscles that move the glenohumeral joint" module, click each muscle button, and the human muscle group will be displayed in the 3D model illustration area, and the selected muscle will be highlighted; perform touch operations in the user interaction layer, click the "Way and function of muscles" module, click each muscle button, and the human skeleton will be displayed in the 3D model illustration area, and the selected muscle will be displayed. S3. Perform touch operations in the user interaction layer, tap the "Muscle Function Demonstration and Analysis" module, tap each muscle button, and then selectable action buttons will appear. Tap each action button to display the human skeleton and the selected muscle action in the 3D model illustration area. The skeleton drives the muscle action, displaying each muscle action. S4. Generate corresponding glenohumeral joint motion control commands in the user interaction layer, and send the glenohumeral joint motion control commands to the central control and communication layer via wireless communication. The glenohumeral joint motion control command is received and parsed in the central control and communication layer, and kinematic operations are performed on the glenohumeral joint motion control command based on the preset glenohumeral joint motion model to generate target motion parameters for multiple drive units. S5. Based on the target motion parameters, the central control and communication layer outputs corresponding drive control signals to drive the actions of multiple drive units in the physical execution layer; S6. In the physical execution layer, the mechanical transmission structure is driven to move by the drive unit, and the movement of the drive unit is converted into the joint movement of the glenohumeral joint and the glenohumeral joint muscle group physical model, thereby simulating the contraction of the target glenohumeral joint muscles and generating the corresponding glenohumeral joint movement. S7. The real-time motion state of the glenohumeral joint is collected by a position feedback component set on the glenohumeral joint and the glenohumeral joint muscle group physical model, and the motion state is fed back to the central control and communication layer. S8. In the central control and communication layer, the drive control signal is adjusted according to the motion state so that the motion result of the physical model is synchronized with the three-dimensional digital model in the user interaction layer, thereby realizing an interactive teaching demonstration of glenohumeral joint muscle action and glenohumeral joint movement.

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